河北省2023-2024学年高二年级上学期期末统考英语试题

河北省2023-2024学年高二年级上学期期末统考英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Last Friday, Britain’s Prince William announced the winners of this year’s Earthshot Prize. The prize is meant to encourage new ideas and rapid action to help protect the planet. Below are parts of this year’s prize-winning projects in each category.
Protect and Restore Nature
Kheyti won the prize for protecting and restoring nature with its “Greenhouse-in-a-box” idea. Kheyti is already working with 1, 000 farmers across India, which is one of the most climate-affected countries in the world. The company says the greenhouses allow farmers to use 90% less water and produce seven times as much food. Kheyti hopes to get its greenhouses to 50,000 farmers by 2027.
Clean Our Air
Charlot Magayi won the prize for cleaning the air. Ms. Magayi developed a stove (炉子) that uses a fuel that’s cheaper and pollutes far less than charcoal stoves. Currently, over 200,000 of her Clean Stoves are being used in Kenya.
Build a Waste-Free World
A London-based company called Notpla(for “Not Plastic”)won the prize for building a waste-free world. They’ve created a plastic substitute(替代品)from plants found in the ocean. Unlike most plastic, their products break down naturally with no microplastics. Notpla believes their products can help end the plastic pollution that’s filling landfills and polluting oceans.
Fix Our Climate
The Earthshot Prize for working toward fixing our climate went to a company called 44.01 from Oman. 44.01 has come up with a way to turn polluting carbon dioxide(CO2)into a rock called peridotite. Once the CO2 has been turned into rock, it can no longer be released into the atmosphere again. The method that 44.01 uses is fast, cheap and permanent. 1．What is the aim of the Earthshot Prize?
A．To offer practical advice on global warming.
B．To find solutions to the environmental problems.
C．To develop a strategic partnership with all parties.
D．To encourage literary creations of the British people.
2．Where are Kheyti’s greenhouses widely used?
A．In India.B．In Kenya.C．In the UK.D．In Oman. 3．What do Charlot Magayi and 44.01 have in common?
A．They want to build a waste-free world.
B．Their projects are directly good for farmers.
C．Their achievements benefit the air cleaning.
D．They use plants from the ocean in their products.
Some of my earliest memories involve sitting with my dad in his study every night when he came home from the office, I’d watch as he put his personal items away; his watch, wallet, comb and car keys They would always occupy the same spot on the table every time.
Dad’s comb was jade green. I heard he bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would smile, hand me the comb and say, “Be a good girl and help Daddy clean it, OK?”
I was more than happy to do it. At age five, this kind of task brought me such joy. I would excitedly turn the tap on, and then brush the comb with a used toothbrush as hard as I could. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would proudly return the comb to Dad. He would smile at me, and place the comb on top of his wallet.
About two years later, Dad left his sales job and started his own wholesale business. I started primary school. That was when things started to change. Dad’s business wasn’t doing so well, and our stable life started getting shaky. He didn’t come home as much as he used to. And when he did come home, it was always late and I’d already be in bed. 1 started to get mad. Why didn’t he listen to Mum and just stick to his old job? Why did he take the risk and place the whole family in trouble? Over the years, I stopped waiting for him to come home, and stopped going downstairs to check on him.
Now 28, I’ve graduated from college and got a job. Dad’s business has also started to get back on track. Yet the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me went on.
Two days before my birthday last year, Dad came home early. On that evening, I helped him carry his bags into his study as usual. When I turned to leave, he asked me to clean his comb. I looked at him for a while, then took the comb and headed to the sink.
It was the same comb. After cleaning it, I passed it back to Dad. He looked at it and smiled. But this time, I noticed something different. My dad had aged. He had wrinkles next
to his eyes when he smiled, yet his smile was still as heartwarming as before.
4．From the first three paragraphs, we can learn___________.
A．the author would study with Dad every evening
B．the precious green comb of Dad was made of jade
C．the earliest memories with Dad were full of joy
D．the author was unwilling to clean the comb for Dad
5．What probably made Dad decide to start his own business?
A．He was eager to get everything on track.
B．He wanted to keep his family life stable.
C．He was laid off and had to make a living.
D．He hoped to earn a better life for the family.
6．What emotional changes did the author experience when staying with Dad these years?
A．Cheerful→mad→warm.
B．Mad→satisfied→warm.
C．Satisfied→worried→angry
D．Warm→concerned→uncomfortable.
7．Which could be the best title for the text?
A．My Dad’s Comb
B．Dad’s Wholesale Business
C．Changes of My Dad
D．My Earliest Memories with Dad
Most people don’t lie very much. It makes sense. By being honest with people, you not only build up goodwill, but also save a lot of brain power since your brain doesn’t have to do anything out of the ordinary when you tell the truth. You just think of what you want to say, and you say it.
Actually, lying takes much more work. Imagine you’re late to class and the teacher asks why. If you decide to lie, you have to make up a story on the spot, think about the various directions the conversation might take and figure out what you need to say to keep this whole lie from falling apart. You might not be aware of it, but you just give your brain a lot of extra work. “A lot of that brain work is done in a region called the prefrontal cortex. It’s the part in charge of working memory,” explains Jennifer Vendemia, a scientist from the University of
South Carolina.
Working memory keeps something in mind just for a little while, such as remembering instructions for how to play a game or some other specific tasks. It stores things for only a short while as you’re using them, and it doesn’t put them in long-term storage. Besides working memory, the prefrontal cortex also takes care of tasks such as planning, problem-solving and self-control. Scientists describe these as executive function tasks. Executive function lets you think a step or two ahead to make sure the lie you’ re telling will likely hold up to questioning. “Spending so much brainpower trying to keep a story straight means there’s less available for other things,” says Vendemia. “Lying is especially harmful for young people as the prefrontal cortex is not fully developed until around age 25. When the prefrontal cortex is busy with tasks related to lying, younger people have a harder time doing other tasks.”
Lying has social costs, too. People generally value honesty and don’t like liars. So if people view you as untrustworthy, it can be bad for your relationships.
8．What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A．The costs of lying to people.
B．The true meaning of honesty.
C．The benefits of being truthful.
D．The difficulty of being a good liar.
9．Why is a lying student mentioned in the second paragraph?
A．To prove a concept B．To introduce a topic.
C．To provide the background.D．To give an example.
10．Which of the following is the function of working memory?
A．Remembering a life-long lesson.
B．Storing information for a short time.
C．Pushing oneself to face difficulties.
D．Processing information in the brain.
11．What is the passage mainly about?
A．The reasons why people lie.
B．The harmful effects of lying.
C．The part of brain in charge of lying.
D．The ways to avoid being caught lying.
Have you ever noticed that the stars sometimes appear brighter in December, January and February? There's a link between cold air and the night lights. "Part of it is that it tends to be drier in the winter," said Diane Tumshek, an astronomer at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Even though it's invisible, moisture can change the way light moves through the air. And in the summer, moisture can make stars appear more dull.
Air temperature is also what puts the twinkle twinkle in the little stars. "Even on very clear nights, some of the atmosphere is cooler, and some of the atmosphere is warmer,” said Tumshek, who also works with the Allegheny Observatory. And when the light from a star passes through those bubbles of varying temperatures, "it bends and shifts the light, so that we are seeing stars appear to dance or twinkle,” she said.
For star lovers in the United States, there's another factor that comes into play for bright winter stars, although this is a matter of coincidence. During Earth's journey around the sun, “there are just simply more bright stars visible from the Northern Hemisphere in the winter sky," Tumshek said. If you really want to see a shiny star, just try to find a burning ball of gas called Sirius near the horizon. At 8.6 light-years away, Sirius is relatively close to Earth and the brightest star visible in the night sky. It is also large — nearly twice as big as our sun and 20 times as bright. So this winter, when the world turns cold and it seems like we should be spending more time indoors, consider asking an adult to go exploring outside. With a warm coat and a clear sky, any night can be turned into a treasure hunt. All you have to do is look up.
12．What does the underlined word "dull" in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．not shiny B．not exciting C．not severe D．not smart 13．How does air temperature influence the brightness of stars?
A．By changing the bubbles around them.B．By putting the twinkle twinkle in them.
C．By varying the direction of the light from them.D．By making the stars dance and twinkle in the sky.
14．What do we know about Sirius?
A．It can be found at any night.B．It is 20 times as bright as the sun.
C．It is a burning and shiny ball.D．It is closer to Earth than other stars, 15．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To advocate stargazing in winter,B．To call on people to focus on stars.
C．To present new research results about stars.D．To explain why stars are more visible in winter.
Poetry has healing powers. To get more joy and peace, we don’t have to be a professional poet but we can develop a poetic mindset (心态). 16
Be in awe (敬畏) of everything.
The poetic mindset starts with the idea that nothing is an accident. Everything is interrelated and plays a part in a greater whole. 17 Close your eyes. Now open them. What is the first thing you see? Look closer. Ask yourself: What does it look like? What does it remind you of? Does it bring happy thoughts or sad ones? Why? I bet your randomly selected object is full of meaning.
18
A poem is a place where you can pour out your hard feelings. Don’t be afraid. You can always throw the page into the fireplace once you’ve filled it. 19 Poetry can be a storeroom for everything difficult in your life. But there’s more, I find when I write about something I’m struggling with, my negative feeling begins to become weaker.
Seek what inspires you.
Life isn’t perfect, but you can live with love and trust anyway. 20 There is always goodness to be found once you train yourself to look for it. Poetry to me is a form of praise. I build poems from things I see, people I meet and thoughts and feelings found deep inside. As I present those treasures in poetic language, I am appreciating what is good in them.
A．Let pain be your teacher.
B．How can we manage it in an easy way?
C．What are the steps of writing a good poem?
D．Poetry helps us remember this important wisdom.
E．Or seal it in an envelope and come back to it later.
F．Writing a poem is about describing your inner world vividly.
G．Therefore, everything deserves notice and even appreciation.
二、完形填空
I was walking through the bush when, suddenly, a baby koala rushed to me through the
of these animals 24 .
Ever since I was a girl, I’d loved animals and at 18 had started work at the Curmmbin Wildlife Sanctuary as a 25 collector. Selecting leaves for the koalas brought me so much joy as the koalas 26 them for food. Through hard work and 27 I eventually became a koala specialist, which saw me working in China, where I 28 in koala-breeding programs.
My son, Jett, always been with koalas and comes out 29 them with me. But we’ve both become concerned over the 30 of our beloved koalas. I knew the best way to stop them from dying out was to 31 the young like my son because the future really is theirs. So I wrote a children’s book, Have You Seen A Tree For Me?, which I hope will help them understand we’ve got to 32 our beloved wildlife.
There are lots of 33 things kids can do to start helping now; Keep dogs and cats locked away from wildlife, plant a tree that will encourage native animals to visit and
34 your family to drive slowly in wildlife habitats and areas. That might only sound
35 , but if we all do this, it can make a big difference.
21．A．arms B．legs C．clothes D．gloves 22．A．curious B．responsible C．excited D．unwilling 23．A．exchange B．care C．lecture D．power 24．A．officially B．properly C．recently D．equally 25．A．wood B．rubbish C．leaf D．water 26．A．broke down B．depended on C．came across D．concentrated on 27．A．study B．confidence C．debate D．arrangement 28．A．checked B．typed C．registered D．joined 29．A．naming B．impressing C．feeding D．catching 30．A．health B．future C．food D．return 31．A．educate B．understand C．direct D．trust 32．A．control B．protect C．hide D．recognize 33．A．secret B．big C．interesting D．simple 34．A．allow B．force C．ask D．train
35．A．small B．confusing C．natural D．difficult
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

For a book lover, stepping into a bookstore is always exciting, but a new bookstore in China makes the experience really amazing.
36 (locate) in the west of Chengdu in Sichuan Province, there is a bookstore that is just like a magical world. Upon entering, visitors can see C-shaped bookcases, 37 create a series of private spaces. In the center of the store, towering arches (拱门) take advantage of the full 38 (high) of the space.
It looks like the books spreading out from the floor to the ceiling. But actually the books placed on the highest levels are not real. The store already has a 39 (collect) of over 80,000 books, so there’s actually no waste of space.
Visitors walking through the store will find areas designed 40 (serve) different purposes. The children’s reading area, for example, features panda posters, bamboo bookshelves and colorful cushions (坐垫). The panda pictures 41 (hang)on the bookshelves are like pandas climbing on high branches. The colorful cushions can provide comfort 42 children to sit on the ground and relax. All the 43 (element) of the design come together to give visitors 44 interesting experience.
In a word, it really 45 (present) the local famous man-made landscape, even though it is in an artistic way.
四、书信写作
46．假如你是校英文报编辑李华，最近很多同学写信，询问如何保持健康。

请你写一封回信，内容包括：
1.健康的重要性；
2.保持健康的方法。

注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear students,
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ __________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

There are many things in senior middle school that I still remember clearly. I studied three years in a country school, which is faraway. However, it has a good environment and strict but kind teachers, so I loved the school and all my teachers very much.
One Friday, just as we began to read books in reading class at our desks, our teacher, Mrs. Hill, said that she needed to be out of the classroom for a few minutes. She asked the class to read in silence while she was gone. And she said that those who didn’t read books in silence would have to be punished when she returned. It was well-known that Mrs. Hill was strict. So we had to be on our best behaviour.
But that Friday, Mrs. Hill hadn’t been gone for ten seconds before some students in the classroom started to talk. From one corner of the room I heard Josh ask Nick, “Can I trade my candies for your toy?” At the other end of the room I heard Samantha tell Kayla, “Let’s sit together on the bus for the museum field trip tomorrow.” And so it went all around me, until about half of the students communicated with each other.
After a while, I, too, forgot about Mrs. Hill’s instructions. I turned back and asked my friend Liza, “Can I borrow your storybook and keep it for a day?” As soon as the words were out of my mouth, Mrs. Hill walked into the classroom. The whole class returned to silence immediately. And we were full of fear.
Mrs. Hill slowly looked around the classroom and said, “If you were talking while I was gone, then please stand up.” The guilt (内疚) suddenly weighed heavily on me. “I shouldn’t
have talked while she was not in the classroom. And now I should be honest and admit my mistake bravely. This is what my parents have always told me.” I thought. Then, I summoned up (鼓起) my courage to stand up, worried about the punishment that waited for me. Then I looked around.
注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

To my surprise, no one followed me and I was the only one in the classroom standing.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ __________
With Mrs. Hill’s encouragement, another student stood up.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ __________。