中考英语书面表达知识点总结

中考英语书面表达知识点总结
一、中考英语书面表达（含答案详细解析）
1．近年来，各大城市雾霾（haze）情况越来越严重，整个国家的空气污染状况令人担忧。

请分析空气污染的现象，原因，应对措施，写一份英文的倡议书，呼吁大家保护环境，减少对空气的污染。

要点提示：
（1）我国空气污染的现象。

（至少写2点）
（2）空气污染产生的原因。

（至少写2点）
（3）减少空气污染的措施。

（至少写2点）
要求：
（1） 80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。

（2）文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。

Dear students ,
As we all know , hazy days have been influencing our lives a lot in recent years . That warns us of the serious
airpollution_____________________________________________________________________ _______
【答案】Dear students,
As we all know, hazy days have been influencing our lives a lot in recent years. That warns us of the serious air pollution. Big factories, power plants and cars all can cause air pollution. For example, chemicals in the smoke from power stations cause a lot of damage. Besides, the people's activities are also the sources of air pollution such as throwing the rubbish and smoking. What's more, the more trees are cut down, the less polluted air can absorb. Air pollution is becoming more and more serious, so we should take some measures such as planting more trees and stop factories from sending out waste air, what's more, we had better walk or take a bus. Protecting the environment is our duty. Everyone should play a part in saving the earth.
【解析】
【详解】
这是一篇材料作文，根据材料中的相关信息介绍一下整个国家的空气污染状况。

所提供的材料中列举了近年来，各大城市雾霾（haze）情况越来越严重，主要从空气污染的现象，原因，应对措施三个方面去介绍。

时态为一般现在时。

注意作文中必须包含材料上的所有信息，并适当发挥。

写作时，避免使用汉语式的英语，尽量使用我们熟悉的句子或短语。

语法要正确，表达要符合英语习惯，注意时态、时间状语的搭配及主谓一致问题。

写作中适当使用连词，注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系，表达具有条理性。

【高分句型一】
We had better walk or take a bus. 我们最好步行或乘公共汽车。

这里had better表示最好，后面跟动词原形，take a bus表示乘公共汽车。

【高分句型二】
Protecting the environment is our duty. 保护环境是我们的职责。

这里Protecting the environment 做主语，用的是动词的ing形式。

2．书面表达
假如你是九年级学生李华，你的美国笔友Billy发来邮件询问你平时锻炼的情况。

请你根据以下信息，给Billy回封电子邮件，并建议他每周都要花些时间锻炼身体。

写作要点：
1. 你最近正忙于为即将到来的体育测试（physical test）做准备。

2. 介绍你平时锻炼的情况：
（1）每天锻炼的时间：不到一个半小时。

（2）偶尔不锻炼的原因：作业多，没时间。

（3）擅长的体育运动：球类运动。

3. 谈谈锻炼给你带来了哪些好处。

写作要求：
1. 不得使用真实的姓名和学校名。

2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。

3. 字迹工整，语言精练，表达准确，条理清晰。

4. 至少80词。

Dear Billy,
It’s my great pleasure to receive your e-mail.
___________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ ____________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Billy,
It’s my great pleasure to receive your e-mail. You wanted to know about my usual exercise. I’ll tell it to you.
I am busy preparing for the coming physical test. So I take exercise less than an hour every day. Sometimes I don’t do exercise, because I have so much homework that I have no time to do it. I do well in playing balls.
Doing exercise can help me keep a strong body, and it is good for my health. Besides, I think it can make me relaxed by doing exercise. So I advise you to spend more time doing exercise every week.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇给材料作文，给Billy回封电子邮件，介绍自己平时的锻炼情况，并建议他每周都要花些时间锻炼身体。

【详解】
结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时态，人称为单数第一，三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：I am busy……，because I have……，Doing exercise can help……，So I advise you to……等句式的应用。

写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。

写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。

【点睛】
本文结构紧凑，语言简练。

开头表示很高兴收到Billy的来信，接下来介绍我平时的锻炼情况，最后指出锻炼给我带来的好处以及我建议Billy要多锻炼。

此处be busy doing sth, prepare for, do well in, be good for, advise sb to do sth等这些词组的运用也让文章增色不少。

3．世界卫生组织的一项研究报告显示，我国青少年近视率居世界第一。

2019年全国两会当中“小眼镜”成关注重点，防控青少年近视迫在眉睫。

以下表格是学校针对本校学生近视问题做的调查表，假如你是校报编辑Jack，请根据所提供的信息，用英语写一篇调查报告，陈述学校调查结果，并表明你自己的观点和理由。

参考词汇：近视 nearsighted
注意： 1. 内容须包括所提示的信息，可适当发挥；
2. 文中不得出现自己的真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 词数：80-100，开头已经给出，不计入总词数。

According to a survey carried out by WHO, the number of teenagers who are nearsighted is the largest in
China.__________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______
【答案】According to a survey carried out by WHO, the number of teenagers who are nearsighted is the largest in China. As we all know that the eyes are very important for us. So it is important for everyone to keep good eyesight. But do you know how to protect your eyesight？First, don't keep your eyes work for a long time. Don't spend too much time on mobile phones, TV and computers. Secondly, pay attention to the following: Don't read in the sun; don't read in bed or in a moving bus. And when you read you should keep the book away from your eyes for about a foot. And thirdly, do eye-exercises every day. You should eat more carrots and other eye-friendly foods. It will also help you keep good eyesight. I think, you may prevent your eyesight from becoming nearsighted.
【解析】
【详解】
这是一篇材料作文，根据表格中的相关信息介绍一下如何保护视力。

所提供的表格中列举了近视的原因和建议。

主要从原因和建议两个方面去介绍。

时态为一般现在时。

注意作文中必须包含表格上的所有信息，并适当发挥。

写作时，避免使用汉语式的英语，尽量使用我们熟悉的句子或短语。

语法要正确，表达要符合英语习惯，注意时态、时间状语的搭配及主谓一致问题。

写作中要注意使用祈使句，使上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系，表达具有条理性。

【高分句型一】
So it is important for everyone to keep good eyesight. 所以保持良好的视力对每个人都很重要。

本题运用句型：It is +形容词+for sb. to so sth.
【高分句型二】
And when you read you should keep the book away from your eyes for about a foot. 当你读这本书的时候，你应该把它从你的眼睛里移开一英尺。

when you read是由when引导的时间状语从句。

4．书面表达
你即将升入高中，面临寄宿（a boarding school）和走读（a day school）两类学校的选择。

请你以“A boarding school or a day school”为题。

写一篇短文，内容须包括：读寄宿学校的利和弊；读走读学校的利和弊；你的选择和理由（不得与上述两点内容重复）。

注意：1. 词数;100词左右（文章开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等信息；
3. 文章必须包含提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥。

A hoarding school or a day school
We are going to graduate from our middle school, __________________________________
【答案】
We are going to graduate from our middle schools, and we will make a choice to enter a boarding school or a day school. Both kinds of school have their advantages and disadvantages.
If we choose a boarding school, we will save time to study. However, we may have less time to stay with our family. If we choose a day school, parents can know more about our studies. At the same time computer games and TV plays may make a bad influence on us.
As for me, I prefer a boarding school. We should pay attention to our studies to get good grades in the high school.
【解析】
【分析】
整体分析：这是一篇给材料作文。

可以分三段写。

第一段要写总体交代你即将升入高中，面临寄宿（a boarding school）和走读（a day school）两类学校的选择。

第二段要写详细叙述读寄宿学校的利弊；读走读学校的利弊。

第三段要表述作者自己的选择和理由。

【详解】
写作之前要1.审清题目，看看有哪些要求？哪些时态？人称？2.确定文章类型，记叙文？说明文？议论文？看图？还是应用文？3.确定时态，单一还是混合。

4.写下关键词、短语、句型。

5.列出提纲和段落，并运用适当的句型和过渡词衔接。

6.根据提纲和段落结构句型及关键词句完成文章。

写完后反复阅读修改推敲润色，人称、时态、单复数一致等。

运用自然过渡法和自然衔接法来是文章更为地道、通顺、纯正。

用的短语、句型：both kinds of、If we choose a boarding school、At the same time、As for me, I prefer a boarding school、pay attention to、来增加了文章的亮点。

【点睛】
这类作文的写作方法要注意认真审题，注意过渡性语言的使用。

做到：要点要全，表达要清晰明确，使用短语，句型要准确，注意避免拼写和语法错误。

5．诚信是中华民族的传统美德，也是社会主义核心价值观内容之一。

而你的朋友
Daming最近却被诚信危机所困扰。

上周末，他本来和Lingling相约一起去电影院看电影，但是他却因为在家复习考试，把这件事忘了，直到第二天才想起来。

因此，Lingling很生气，并且不愿接受Daming的道歉。

请你就此事给校报投稿，以“The Importance of Promise”为题，内容要点如下：
1、简述事件；
2、谈谈自己的看法，并给Daming一些建议。

注意：
1、词数80—100；
2、行文连贯，逻辑合理；
3、文中不能出现真实的校名和人名；
4、文章的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

The Importance of Promise
Dear editor,
People always emphasize（强调） the importance of the promise, and they hate people who break their promise.
Promise is very important. Everyone should keep it.
Yours,
Tony 【答案】The Importance of Promise
Dear editor,
People always emphasize（强调）the importance of the promise, and they hate people who break their promise.
Recently, a thing happened to my friend, and I think it was really his fault. Last weekend, my friend Daming had a date with his friend Lingling to watch a movie. But he totally forgot it that day because of his review for his exam. So Lingling got too angry to forgive him. In my opinion, it was really his fault. Forgetting the date not only led to Lingling’s anger, but also made her lose trust in him. Keeping promises is always the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation. What Daming should do now is to ask for forgiveness and promise that he will never do that again. Promise is very important. Everyone should keep it.
Yours,
Tony 【解析】
【分析】
本文为一篇稿件，需要学生通过大明和玲玲之间，大明没有信守承诺的事情，谈自己的看法。

信守承诺是中华民族的传统美德，在写作过程中，注意文章结构，先写出大明和玲玲之间的事情，然后再说自己对此的看法。

【详解】
首先，第一句话直接点明作者的观点，大明是犯错了的。

然后仔细阐述了事情发生的经
过。

接下来说出自己对此事件的看法，不信守承诺会导致失去别人的信任，对大明的建议是除了认错之外，还需要再次保证永不再犯。

【点睛】
文章结构清晰，符合逻辑，先表明自己观点，然后阐述事情，提出自己的观点和建议。

整篇文章在谋篇布局上，比较严密。

除此之外，中间也使用了一些连接词，例如but，so，because of等，使文章更加通顺。

6．马上要初中毕业了，大家都是依依不舍的。

班主任决定在下周举办一场“My Life At School” 主题班会 , 邀请全班同学参加。

请你根据以下提示，写一篇发言稿。

My Life At School
How time flies! It's unbelievable that I'm going to graduate from my beloved school.
【答案】My Life At School
How time flies! It’s unbelievable that I’m going to graduate from my beloved school. There ar e many things to remember.
In the junior school, I got along well with my classmates. The teachers are very friendly and they are ready to help me. The most unforgettable thing is that I got a chance of becoming an exchange students and spent two months in Australia. I learned a lot from the experience. I also remember I served as volunteer to help others. Certainly, there were also unhappy things. My good friend Li Hua went to another school. I was very sad. Luckily, we kept in touch with each other through emails. Besides, I was not good at Chinese writing.
I hope I can go to a dream school and make more new friends. I also wish I can do better in all
subjects when I am in high school and can go to a good college.
【解析】
【详解】
这篇作文要求我们以My Life At School为题，写一篇发言稿。

题目中利用表格的形式，展示了文章的具体内容，学生们可以此为提纲进行写作。

审题可知，这篇短文应主要使用一般现在时和一般过去时，注意根据表达需要使用正确时态，并注意谓语动词的正确形式。

内容应主要包括三部分：首先是初中三年里的美好回忆；然后是不开心的事情；最后展望自己未来的高中生活。

表格中有非常具体的提示，但不能逐词翻译表格中的短语，应把他们变成自己的话，并用英语表达出来。

写作时应注意：文章中应包括表格中的所有信息，不能遗漏要点；第三部分的内容中还需要自己发挥想象力进行补充，注意应合情合理，与上文很好地衔接。

另外注意句式结构要符合英语的表达习惯，用完整的句子表达。

句式结构可以简单句为基础，穿插并列句、复合句以及其他复杂句式的使用，提升作文档次。

同时语句之间使用适当的连接成分，使文意连贯、自然。

【点睛】
这是一篇优秀的作文，短文作者根据题目要求，回忆了自己的初中生活，并展望了未来。

短文有以下几个特点：首先文章内容完整，结构清晰。

短文分三段，第一段基本是题目中给出的开头，作者使用一句话引出下文；第二段是主体，介绍了过去美好的回忆以及不开心的事情；最后一段对未来进行了展望。

各部分内容安排合理，有层次、有条理。

其次短文中使用了正确的时态和人称，语法规范，用词准确，注意了动词正确形式的变化。

句式结构完整，符合英语的表达习惯。

语言准确、得体，表达自然、流畅。

短文中使用了丰富的句型和短语，如The teachers are very friendly and they are ready to help me. The most unforgettable thing is that I got a chance of becoming an exchange students and spent two months in Australia.Luckily, we kept in touch with each other through emails. Besides, I was not good at Chinese writing.I also wish I can do better in all subjects when I am in high school and can go to a good college.等。

7．假如你是李华，你的英国笔友 Jack 给你写邮件表达了想参加你校暑期为外国学生举办的汉语夏令营的愿望，希望你告知活动举办的具体时间地点，活动安排以及你的建议。

提示词语： Chinese classes, learn, attend, culture, prepare
提示问题：● When and where will the Chinese Summer Camp be held?
● What activities will be held at the Chinese Summer Cam p?
● What is your advice for Jack?
Dear Jack,
I am very glad to know that you are interested in the Chinese Summer Camp in our
school this summer holiday .
.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
I am very glad to know that you are interested in the Chinese Summer Camp in our school this summer holiday.
The Chinese Summer Camp will be held in our school from July 10th to July 30th this summer. The activities of this Chinese Summer Camp are as follows:
First, you will attend Chinese classes, learning the meaning of Chinese characters.
Second, you will take part in different parties, knowing the history of China and Chinese culture, especially Chinese holidays, which will impress you deeply.
What’s more, you will have chances to visit some museums and the Great Wall. What you should prepare is a pair of shoes for the visit.
If you have any questions, please tell me. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua 【解析】
【详解】
1.题干解读：这是一篇提纲类书面表达，只给了一些要点提示，但都不很明确。

学生除了要把所给要点提示都表达出来外，还要进行适当拓展，使文章内容充实。

2.例文点评：该题要求写作体裁为书信格式，所以例文用第一人称I进行写作，在文章结尾也按照标准书信格式进行了收尾。

文章时态用一般现在时和一般将来时。

文章条理分明，三个要点提示都已表达清楚，并进行了适当拓展，所给单词也都全部用上。

3.高分亮点：
短语：as follows，take part in，What’s more，look forward to。

句型：被动句型，现在分词作状语，主语从句。

8．书面表达
“Life is like a box of of chocolate.You never know what you are going to get next.”
----Forrest Gump 中文译名：《阿甘正传》
“Hope is a good thing. Maybe the best of things and no good thing ever dies.”
----The Shawshank Kedemption 中文译名：《肖申克的救赎》
“We are all running very hard. We are all dream chasers（追梦人）.”
----President Xi Jingping
以上材料告诉我们：生活是丰富多彩的，有快乐幸福也有伤心失落。

但既然选择了远方，便只顾风雨兼程。

所以在学习和生活中，我们要满怀希望、努力奔跑、追逐梦想。

请以Dream Chaser为题，谈谈你自己的观点。

要点提示：
1.有自己的目标，并努力让它成为现实；
2.勤奋学习，使自己不断强大；
3.正确面对困难，积极参加社会活动；
4.补充自己的观点。

写作要求：
1.文中必须包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥使行文连贯；
2.条理清晰，字迹工整，词数不少于80；
3.文章开头已给出，不计入总词数；
4.文中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息。

Dream Chaser
As we know, life is not always smooth. Sometimes we may feel satisfied and sometimes we may feel upset.__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________【答案】As we know, life is not always smooth. Sometimes we may feel satisfied and sometimes we may feel upset. In order to make our dream come true, firstly we should set a practical goal. But just having a goal is not enough. More importantly, we need to study hard to make ourselves stronger. Besides, as teenagers, it is necessary for us to take part in more social activities. We can learn a lot from each other by joining in those social activities. However, there will be many difficulties in both our daily life and study, so please keep patient and be brave to face these challenges. Finally, all our efforts are meaningful and one day our dream will be achieved.
【解析】
【详解】
1.题干解读：这是一篇材料作文。

主要说明要有自己的目标，努力实现目标应做到勤奋学习，使自己不断强大；正确面对困难，积极参加社会活动。

2.例文点评：例文用第一人称来叙述主要内容；时态采用一般现在时为主，主要讲述如何实现自己的目标（Firstly,…More importantly,…Besides,…Finally,…）。

承接文章开头，句意完整，避免汉语式英语，叙述条理清晰。

3.高分亮点：
高分短语：feel satisfied；feel upset；come true；set a practical goal；both…and…；keep patient。

高分句型：It is +adj. + for sb. +to do sth.；there be句型；祈使句；need to do sth.。

9．假设你是Beth,前段时间曾向英语校刊投送一篇题为My English Teacher Miss Zhang的短诗。

近日，又至毕业季，师生们忙着互致临别赠言。

为此，编辑部策划开“A Letter to My Teacher”专栏，邀请你以信件的形式重新投稿。

短诗如下：
My English Teacher Miss Zhang
There is a teacher, Miss Zhang,
Who is friendly, patient and helpful.
Always encouraging us to try,
She leads us to a world of "why".
We all respect and admire her.
注意事项：
1.稿件内容须根据短诗展开合理想象，不得抄写短诗原文：
2.要求语句通顺、意思连贯、符合情境。

3.词数在70个左右，稿件的首尾已在答题卡上给出，不计入总词数：
4.稿件必须写在答题卡指定的位置上。

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________
【答案】Dear Editorial Office,
I am writing to recommend as The Most Popular Teacher．She is Miss Zhang.
She is my English teacher． She is in her forties． Her small round glasses make her look smart． She often works to high standards and is willing to work extra hours． She is kind and helpful， too． She always helps us with our study． She loves jogging， so she looks healthy． To my surprise， she has donated blood many times since 2001． She has also decided to donate her body for medical research after her death． I really love her and I want to be a teacher like her in the future． I think Miss Zhang is the most suitable person to be the Most Popular Teacher．
I hope that you agree with me．
Yours sincerely，
Beth,【解析】
【详解】
本文是一篇给材料作文。

根据编辑部策划开“A Letter to My Teacher”专栏，邀请你以信件的形式重新投稿。

文章时态用一般现在时，人称主要为第一人称。

本文所给材料比较详细，考生要做的就是用正确的英语把这些内容表达出来。

动笔前要认真阅读材料，不可遗漏要点，并可适当发挥。

在写作时，注意紧扣主题，连句成篇，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。

同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。

最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。

【点睛】
点睛：首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，使文章过渡平稳，自然流畅；最后，要仔细检查有无单词拼写错误、标点符号误用等，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。

10．书面表达
假如你是英语俱乐部的Cathy,上周五你们收到了外教Angel为同学们网购的英文书籍。

俱乐部的同学们很喜欢网购图书这种便捷的方式，并打算在本周五交流读书后的感受。

请你根据以下信息, 给Angel写一封电子邮件，告诉她俱乐部的活动情况，并说说网购图书的好处。

写作要点：
1表达收到图书后的喜悦与感激之情。

2介绍活动的情况：
（l）上周五，俱乐部成员们一起读英文书。

（2）本周五的下午3点，大家将共同交流读书的体会。

（3）同学们将在下个月网购其他的英文书。

3说一说网上购书有什么好处。

写作要求：
1不得使用真实的姓名和学校名。

2可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。

3字迹工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。

4至少80词。

Dear Angel,
How are you doing?
Best wishes!
Yours,
Cathy
【答案】Dear Angel,
How are you doing? I’m writing to tell you that we received the books that you bought for us. We are grateful to you and all of us are very happy。

Last Friday，we had a reading party, which was held on Friday in our reading room. Then we are going to hold an activity to share the feeling with others at 3:00 on Friday afternoon. All of us are fond of buying books on the Internet. We are going to buy some books on the Internet next month. As far as I am concerned, on the one hand, the books on the Internet are cheaper than those in the bookstore. On the other hand, there are all kinds of books, so we needn’t go from one bookstore to another .
Best wishes!
Yours,
Cathy 【解析】
【详解】
本文属于材料作文，向外教介绍俱乐部中读书交流会的活动，并且告诉外教同学们现在喜欢网购图书并阐述网购图书的好处。

根据要表达的内容确定并准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑，可适当增加内容。

亮点说明：这是一篇优秀的作文，很好的完成了试题规定的任务，语言表达符合英语习
惯，准确运用时态、主谓一致，特别使用一些亮点词句，如bought sth for sb, be grateful to, be going to do, share sth with sb, be fond of, as far as I am concerned, on the one hand...on the other hand, from to以及we had a reading party,which was held on Friday in our reading room 中which引导非限制性定语从句。

增强逻辑关系，增加上下文意思连贯，用词准确，句子通顺，行文连贯。

【点睛】
写作时可以从以下几个方面做起：
认真审题。

审好题是写好书面表达的关键。

审题时要注意试题的要求，抓住要点，词数符合要求。

构思提纲。

有了提纲，我们就可以根据提纲和主题确定相关的写作材料。

通常书面表达给出的话题是开放的，而具体的内容要求学生自己发挥，因此选择恰当的素材也是使短文中心突出、明确的关键。

初写短文。

一切都准备就绪，就可以动笔写作了，在写作的过程中我们要注意句子的准确性、连贯性以及简洁性。

使用的词语、短语及句型尽量用自己有把握的词。

同时还要注意使用恰当的连词，使句子衔接自然。

修改润色。

修改润色是获取高分的必要步骤。

这一步我们除了检查短文的各种错误外，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，格式是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。