2019-2020同步外研英语选修八新突破讲义：Module+6+Section+Ⅰ Warming

“好雨知时节，当春乃发生。

随风潜入夜，润物细无声”。

“诗圣”杜甫的这首脍炙人口的《春夜喜雨》如今已经被译成英文出现在伦敦的地铁站里。

Chinese poems went underground
“A good rain knows its proper time；it waits until the spring to fall.
It drifts in on the wind，steals in by night；its fine drops drench，yet make no sound at all.”
The well­known poem，written by the poet Du Fu，was one of the famous poems that landed in London.Other poems from Li Bai and Bai Juyi have also been enjoyed by the British public.
At the same time，some British poems，including the poetic works from famous William Wordsworth and William Blake，have decorated Shanghai's subway system.
At a simple ceremony held at Britain's National Library，the General Manager of London Underground wrote the title of the Chinese poem with a brush pen，a traditional art pen in ancient China.This added to theChinese atmosphere in the London subway.The idea to exchange poetry was one part of the China-Britain Cultural Exchange.An official from the British Embassy in China introduced the idea to exchange poetry as one part of the Sino-Britain Cultural Exchange.
Chinese poems are set to decorate London's Underground soon.At the same time，some British poems will soon decorate Shanghai's subway system.
[阅读障碍词]
1．drift v．漂流；漂移
2．drench v．使湿透
3．embassy n．大使馆
[诱思导读]
根据短文内容，回答下列问题
1．How many poets are mentioned in the passage，and who are they?
Five.They are Du Fu，Li Bai，Bai Juyi，William Wordsworth and William Blake. 2．What is the purpose of holding the exhibition in Britain?
It's to exchange poetry as one part of the Sino­Britain Cultural Exchange. Section ⅠWarming Up，Pre-reading
& Reading
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
()1.acquaintance A．v.分享，共享
()2.expansion B．n.进步；进展
()3.tolerant C．n.失败者
()4.shadow D．n.(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；苦难
()5.share E．n.相识的人；泛泛之交
()6.advance F．adj.不规则的；无规律的
()7.failure G．adj.精神上的；内心的
()8.suffering H．n.扩张
()9.irregular I．adj.宽容的；容忍的
()10.mental J．n.影子，阴影
[答案]1－5 EHIJA6－10 BCDFG
Ⅱ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思
.
2．She wanted to take hold of the butterfly，but failed.
3．To be parted from him even for two days made her sad.
4．I was afraid of her，but at the same time I really liked her.
5．As far as I know，many thousands of tourists from the mainland have been to Taiwan.
6．I think of Lucy as my best friend.
[答案]1－6 FEACBD
The Golden Age of Chinese Poetry
1.
The Tang Dynasty(618～907) was one of the great dynasties in Chinese history.It was a time of expansion.At its high point, the country reached as far as Siberia(now part of Russia) in the north, Korea in the east and Vietnam in the south.The Tang rulers also controlled the trade route known as the Silk Road①well into present­day Afghanistan.
中国诗歌的黄金时代
1.
唐朝( 618～907)是中国历史上繁盛的朝代之一。

这是一个疆域扩张的时期。

最鼎盛的时候，唐朝的疆域北至西伯利亚(现属俄罗斯)，东至当时的朝鲜，南到越南。

唐朝的统治者还控制着远至现今阿富汗的贸易线路——丝绸之路。

Trade with foreign countries created a tolerant and cosmopolitan(兼容并包的)culture.Persians, Arabs and Jews came to live in Chinese towns, bringing with them their own religions and customs②.They were allowed to live in communities governed by their own laws③，and to keep their traditional forms of entertainment such as music and dance, which influenced the development of Tang culture④.But perhaps the biggest foreign influence came from Buddhism(佛教), whose origins were in India
⑤.At the same time foreigners who were educated at the Tang court⑥took the Chinese culture home with them.Soon Japan and Korea were organised on the Tang model, while Chinese influence extended throughout Southeast Asia.
2.
与外国人之间的贸易促成了宽容和包罗万象的文化。

波斯人、阿拉伯人和犹太人来到唐朝定居，带来了他们自己的宗教信仰和风俗习惯。

他们都获准生活在由自己的法律管辖的区域内，他们还可以保留自己传统的诸如音乐和舞蹈等娱乐形式，这些都对唐朝文化的发展有一定的影响。

但是或许影响最为深远的外来文化是起源于印度的佛教。

而同时在唐朝宫廷受过教育的外国人也将唐朝的文化带回自己的国家。

不久，日本和朝鲜也参照了唐朝的统治形式，唐朝的影响传遍了东南亚。

Cultural development went hand in hand with technological progress.New discoveries were made in astronomy(天文学), geography and medicine.In 724 Seng Yixing measured the length of the sun's shadow and the altitude(高度) of the North Pole.Under Emperor Taizong (627～649) the government opened medical schools where specialist(专家)subjects were studied⑦.The invention of printing about this time meant that knowledge could be recorded and shared as never before.But it was not just scientific knowledge that could now reach a wider audience⑧.Printing also marked the beginning of the golden age of literature－and literature, in the Tang Dynasty, meant poetry.
3.
科技的进步和文化的发展齐头并进。

天文学、地理学和医药学都有新的发现。

公元724年，僧一行测算了日影长度和北极高度。

唐太宗(627～649)时期，官府开办了医药学校，进行专科研究。

这个时期印刷术的发明意味着史无前例的知识记载和分享。

印刷术不仅使科学知识的传播遍及各地，而且标志着唐朝的主要文学
形式——诗歌的黄金时代的到来。

In the beauty of its images and the range of topics, Tang poetry was better than everything that had come before it⑨.But how did this happen? There is no single answer to the question.An explosion of talent, and the appearance of new forms were both important.In the“New Style Verse”which appeared during the Tang period⑩，each line has five or seven syllables(音节), and there are lots of rules which govern the tones⑪.But being able to write poetry was also an important qualification for people who wanted to become government officials⑫.A good poet had a better chance of getting a good job.So lots of people became interested in poetry.
4.
意象优美、题材广泛的唐诗超越了它之前的所有文学形式。

唐诗到底是怎样发展起来的？这个问题的答案不止一个。

天才诗人的涌现和新诗歌形式的出现是两个重要因素。

唐朝出现的“新体诗”中，每行五言或七言，对音韵也有严格的规定。

若想入朝当官，能够写诗也是一个必备的条件。

能写一手好诗就有更多的机会获得功名，因此很多人都对诗歌很有兴趣。

One of the greatest of the Tang poets was Du Fu (712～770)．As a young man he travelled a lot and enjoyed painting and music, as well as writing poetry.But during his lifetime he never became famous; in fact, he thought of himself as a failure(失败者)．It was only in the 11th century that his poetic genius was recognised.Sometimes he is called the “poet of history” or “the mirror of his time” because he paints a realistic picture of the problems of the age in which he lived⑭.These include the sufferings of the poor, and the corruption(腐败) of the rich.He also writes about his own problems,
including his son's death.Du Fu is also known for his friendship with Li Bai (701～762), another great poet of the age.The two men met in 744, and although very different⑮，they became friends.They each wrote poems to the other.
5.
杜甫( 712～770)是唐朝最伟大的诗人之一。

年轻时，杜甫游历过许多地方。

他喜欢绘画、音乐和写诗。

但在有生之年他一直没有成名，事实上他认为自己是一个失败者。

直到11世纪他在诗歌创作上的天赋才被认可。

杜甫描绘了他所生活的那个时代的现实画卷，所以，他有时被称为“(记载)历史的诗人”或“(映照)时代的镜子”。

他的诗描写了劳苦大众的苦难和达官贵人的腐败。

杜甫也抒写了自己的痛苦，例如爱子的夭折等。

杜甫和另一位同时代的伟大诗人李白(701～762)的友谊也为世人所称道。

这两人(杜甫和李白)于744年相识，尽管风格迥异，两人仍然成了好朋友，并互赠诗歌。

Li Bai, the son of a wealthy merchant(商人), grew up in Sichuan Province.As he was not so successful as some of the other young men of his time⑯in the Civil Service Examination to become a government official, he began a life of travel and poetry, writing more than a thousand poems⑰.He used simple, direct language and often chose irregular forms.If Du Fu was a realist, then Li Bai was a romantic.He wrote about nature and people with the same depth of feeling.Friendship, the human condition, and the pleasures of wine, are his favourite subjects.It is said that he drowned when he fell into a river while trying to take hold of the reflection(倒影) of the Moon.⑱
6.
李白是一个富商的儿子，在四川长大。

因为他不像同时代的其他一些年轻人一样在科举考试中那么顺利成为一名入朝官员，他便开始了游历和诗歌创作的生涯，写了一千多首诗。

他使用简单而又明快的语言，并且经常选用不规则的形式。

如果说杜甫是一个现实主义诗人，那么李白就是一个浪漫主义诗人。

他以同样深厚的情感抒写自然和人物。

友谊、人们的生活状况以及饮酒的快乐，是他最喜欢
抒写的主题。

据说他在试图捉月亮的影子时掉进江里溺水身亡。

第一步速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
教材课文，匹配段落大意
速读P72
－73
1．Part 1(Paras.1－3)A．Tang poetry and two famous poets
－Du Fu and Li Bai.
2．Part 2(Paras.4－6) B．The Tang Dynasty and the culture，
technology and progress of its time.
[答案]1－2 BA
第二步细读——把控文章关键信息
教材课文，选择最佳答案
细读P72
－73
1．What was the difference between Du Fu and Li Bai's poetry?
A. If Du Fu was a realist，then Li Bai was a romantic.
B．Du Fu enjoyed painting and music；Li Bai began a life of travel and poetry.
C．Du Fu never became famous; Li Bai was not so successful.
D．Du Fu thought of himself as a failure; Li Bai wrote more than a thousand poems.
2．What was the relationship between Du Fu and Li Bai?
A．They were all poets.
B．They were not government officials.
C．They were all very poor at that time.
D．Du Fu is known for his friendship with Li Bai.
3．Why was Tang poetry so great?
A. The poets in that time had a better chance of getting good jobs.
B．It was a period with an explosion of talent，and the appearance of many new forms.
C．Du Fu and Li Bai influenced a lot of people.
D．Trade with foreign countries created a tolerant and cosmopolitan culture.
4．What were the benefits of trade with foreign countries?
A. Many foreigners came to live in Chinese towns，bringing with them their own religions and customs.
B．It was a time of expansion.
C．Trade with foreign countries created a tolerant and cosmopolitan culture.
D．The Tang rulers also controlled the trade route known as the Silk Road.
5．How long did the Tang Dynasty last?
A. The Tang Dynasty lasted more than two hundred years.
B．The Tang Dynasty lasted more than one hundred years.
C．The Tang Dynasty lasted several centuries.
D．The Tang Dynasty lasted more than three hundred years.
[答案]1－5ADBCA
第三步研读——能力升华接轨高考
教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式根据P72
－73
The Tang Dynasty was a time of 1.expansion(expand)．The culture was tolerant and cosmopolitan because of the trade 2.with foreign countries.Many foreigners lived in Chinese towns and their cultures greatly influenced Tang culture.The cultural development inspired technological development.One of the 3.most important (important) inventions of this period was printing，4.which marked the beginning of the golden age of literature in Chinese history.
Because of the beauty of its images and the range of topics，Tang poetry was so great 5.that it was better than everything that 6.had come (come) before it.If people were good at 7.writing(write) poetry，they could get a good job more 8.easily(easy) at that time.So a large number of people 9.were (be) fond of poetry.Two of the greatest 10.poets (poet)of the Tang Dynasty were Du Fu and Li Bai.They had different writing styles.Du Fu wrote in a realistic way while Li Bai was a romantic poet.。