初二英语人教新目标八年级下学期5月月考试题答案解析

初二英语人教新目标八年级下学期5月月考试题
一、单项选择
1.I don't know or not he is right.
A. whether
B. if
C. what
D. that
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：我不知道他是否正确。

考查连词辨析。

whether是否；引导宾语从句可以和or not连用；if是否，引导宾语从句不能和or not连用；what什么，引导宾语从句关系词；that引导宾语从句关系词。

根据“or not he is right”可知，此处用whether 引导。

根据题意，故选A。

2.—Will you please so much noise, Dongdong?
—Sorry. I won't.
A. make
B. not to make
C. to make
D. not make
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：——请你不要制造如此多的噪音好吗，东东？——对不起。

我不会了。

考查动词短语。

make制造；原形；not to make不要制造，动词不定式否定形式；to make制造，动词不定式；not make不制造。

Will you please+动词原形，请你做某事好吗？Will you please+not+动词原形，表示“请你不做某事好吗？”根据下文“ Sorry. I won't.”可知此处是“请你不要制造如此多的噪音好吗”此处用“Will you please not make so much noise”根据题意，故选D。

3.—Would you like to come to our food festival?
—
A. No, I wouldn't.
B. Yes, I'd love to.
C. Of course not.
D. Yes, I would.
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：——你愿意来参加我们的美食节吗？——是的，我很乐意。

考查情景交际。

No, I wouldn't.不，我不会；Yes, I'd love to是的，我很乐意；Of course not.当然不；Yes, I would.是的，我会。

“Would you like to…”你愿意做某事吗？做肯定回答用“Yes, I'd love to.”是的，我很乐意。

故选B。

4.—Which kind of food smells or tastes ?
—Sorry, I don't know.
A. good; good
B. well; well
C. good; well
D. well; bad
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：——哪种食物闻起来好或是尝起来好？——对不起，我不知道。

考查形容词，副词辨析。

good好的，形容词；well形容词，身体好的；副词，好地；bad坏的，形容词。

smell 和taste连系动词，后形容词，排除BD；选项C，well副词，好地，taste连系动词，后加形容词，排除C。

根据题意，故选A。

5.—I remembered off the light last night, but it was still on.
—OK. I will.
A. to turn
B. turing
C. turned
D. turn
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：——昨晚我记得把灯关了，但灯还亮着。

——好的。

我会的。

考查非谓语动词。

to turn off关掉，动词不定式；turing off关掉，现在分词；turned off关掉，过去式；turn off关掉，原形。

短语remember to do sth.记着去做某事；remember doing sth.记住做过某事。

此处是记着做过某事。

根据题意，故选B。

6.Amy makes fewer mistakes than Frank. She does her homework .
A. more careless
B. more carelessly
C. more careful
D. more carefully
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：艾米犯的错误比弗兰克少。

她做作业更仔细。

考查副词比较级。

more careless更粗心的；more carelessly更粗心地；more careful更认真的；more carefully 更认真地。

根据上文“Amy makes fewer mistakes than Frank”可知，下文是“更认真地”，排除AB；这里是副词修饰动词does her homework可知，用副词的比较级“more carefully”更认真地。

根据题意，故选D。

7.—Do you think the students need to have lunch at school?
—It's good for them to save time.
A. Yes, I think so.
B. I don't agree with you.
C. I agree with you.
D. No, I don't think so.
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：——你认为学生们需要在学校吃午饭吗？——是的，我认为是这样。

节省时间对他们有好处。

考查情景交际。

Yes, I think so.是的，我认为是这样；I don't agree with you.我不同意你；I agree with you.我同意你；No, I don't think so.不，我认为不是这样。

根据下文“It's good for them to save time.”可知，此处是“我认为是这样”。

故选A。

8.—How shall I get in touch Li Yan?
—Here is her QQ number. You can chat with her the Internet.
A. to；on
B. with；from
C. to；in
D. with；on
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：——我该怎么联系李艳？——这儿是她的QQ号，你可以在网上和她聊天。

短语get in touch with sb.表示和某人接触；排除AC；on通过……，(收音机，网络等) ；from从……；in在……里面；根据题意，故选D。

9. When you go to a dinner party, you should ____.
A. speak quiet
B. speak quietly
C. speak few
D. spoke quietly
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：当你去晚会的时候，你应该轻声的说话。

Should加动词原形，speak是动词，后用副词。

结合句意，故选B
【考点】考查副词的用法
10. Which one goes ____, the car, the train or the plane?
A. fast
B. faster
C. fastest
D. the fast
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：哪个跑得更快？小汽车，火车，还是飞机？三者或三者以上用最高级。

结合句意，故选C
【考点】考查形容词的用法
11.—____ that the 31st Olympic Games will be held in New York.
—____ exciting news!
A. It said; What
B. It is said; What
C. It said; How
D. It is said; How
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：据说第31届奥林匹克运动会在纽约举行。

多么令人兴奋的消息啊！
考查固定句型及感叹句。

It is said that据说，固定句型。

how + 形容词/副词+ 主语+系动词/动词。

what+名词/名词词组+主语+系动词/动词。

结合句意，故选B。

12.The menu has so many good things! I can’t decide ____.
A. what to eat
B. how to eat
C. where to eat
D. when to eat
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：菜单上有这么多的好东西! 我不能决定吃什么。

what to eat吃什么；how to eat 怎样吃；where to eat在哪里吃；when to eat什么时候吃。

所以选A。

【考点】考查非谓语动词。

13.—Can you guess if he to her birthday party this Sunday?
—-I think he will come if he free.
A. comes；will be
B. will come；is
C. will come；will be
D. comes；is
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：——你能猜出他这个星期天是否会来参加她的生日聚会吗？——我认为他会来如果他有空。

第一个空是if引导的宾语从句，根据时间状语this Sunday可知用一般将来时，其结构是will+动词原形，第二个空是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时态，主语是he是第三人称单数，be 动词用is。

根据题意，故选B。

14.____ Lily ____ Milly like pizza. They often say pizza is very delicious.
A. Either; or
B. Neither; nor
C. Not only; but also
D. Both; and
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：丽丽和弥勒都喜欢皮萨，他们经常所皮萨很美味。

考查连词和主谓一致的用法A. Either; or 或者……或者……B. Neither; nor两者都不；C. Not only; but also 不但，而且；D. Both; and两者都。

结合句意，故选D。

15.I did in last English exam and I hardly made mistakes.
A. enough well
B. good enough
C. enough good
D. well enough
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：上一次英语考试我考得足够好，几乎没有出错。

考查enough后置。

enough well足够好；good enough语法错误；enough good足够好；well enough语法错误。

根据enough修饰形容词或副词要后置，排除AC；根据下文“and I hardly made mistakes.”可知还说那个问是“英语考试我考得足够好”，此处是副词修饰动词，well enough足够好。

故选D。

二、完形填空
Mrs. White was very fat. She was over 100 kilos. ___16___ she went to see a doctor. The doctor said, "You need a balanced diet, Mrs. White, and I have a good ___17___ here." He gave Mrs. White a small book and said, "Read this carefully and eat the things on page 11 every day. Then come back and see ___18___ in four weeks."
Mrs. White came again four weeks ___19___, but she wasn't ___20___. She was still very fat. The doctor was surprised and asked, "Are you eating the things on page 11 of the small ___21___?" "Yes, doctor." She answered.
The next day the doctor visited Mrs. White during her ___22___. He was very surprised. He said, "Mrs. White, ___23___ are you eating potatoes and bread? They ___24___ in your diet. ""But, doctor," Mrs. White answered, "I follow my diet ___25___ lunch time. This is my dinner."
16. A. Because B. But C. So D. However
17. A. news B. way C. pie D. pen
18. A. you B. your food C. it D. me
19. A. later B. late C. before D. after
20. A. smaller B. fatter C. thinner D. more healthy
21. A. book B. diet C. food D. thing
22. A. holiday B. weekend C. dinner D. home
23. A. What B. Why C. How D. Where
24. A. don't B. are C. aren't D. won't
25. A. with B. in C. for D. at
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. D 【解析】
这篇短文主要讲述了Mrs. White减肥的事情，医生建议她按照小书本上的第11页的食谱来进行节食，但Mrs. White没有弄懂医生的意思，反而越来越胖了。

【16】
句意：怀特太太很胖。

她有100多公斤。

所以她去看医生了。

Because因为；But但是；So因此；However然而。

根据上文“Mrs. White was very fat. She was over 100 kilos.”
可知下文是因果关系。

此处用连词so。

故选C。

【17】
句意：怀特太太，你需要均衡的饮食，我有个好办法。

news新闻；way方式；pie果馅饼；pen钢笔。

根据下文“He gave Mrs. White a small book and said, "Read this carefully and eat the things on page 11 every day.”可知上文是“我有个好办法”，故选B。

【18】
句意：然后四周后回来见我。

you你；your food你的食物；it它；me我。

根据“Then come back”可知下文是“四周后回来见我”。

根据语境，故选D。

【19】
句意：怀特太太四周后又来了。

later在……之后；late晚；before在……之前；after在……之后。

根据上文“Then come back and see ___3___ in four weeks.”可知下文是“怀特太太四周后又来了”。

短语“four weeks later”可知，在四周之后，故选A。

【20】
句意：但是她没有更瘦。

smaller更小的；fatter更胖的；thinner更瘦的；more healthy更健康的。

根据下文“She was still very fat.”可知上文是“但是她没有更瘦”。

根据语境，故选C。

【21】
句意：你在吃这本小书第11页上的东西吗？
book书；diet饮食；food食物；thing事情。

根据上文“He gave Mrs. White a small book and said, "Read this carefully and eat the things on page 11 every day.”可知下文是“你在吃这本小书第11页上的东西吗”。

故选A。

【22】
句意：第二天，医生在怀特太太吃饭的时候看望了她。

A. holiday假期；weekend周末；dinner晚饭；home家。

根据下文“He was very surprised. He said, "Mrs. White, ___8___ are you eating potatoes and bread?”可知上文是“在她吃晚饭期间”，故选C。

【23】
句意：怀特太太，你为什么吃土豆和面包？
What什么；Why为什么；How怎样；Where在哪儿。

根据下文“They ___9___ in your diet.”可知上文医生
是在问原因，“你为什么吃土豆和面包”。

故选B。

【24】
句意：它们不在你的饮食中。

don't不是，含有实意动词，构成一般现在时态助动词；are是；aren't不是；won't不会。

根据下文“But, doctor," Mrs. White answered, "I follow my diet ___10___ lunch time. This is my dinner."”可知上文是“它们不在你的饮食中”，这里是否定形式，根据“in your diet”可知，这里谓语动词用be，主语是they，谓语动词用are，这里是复数形式，这里用aren’t。

故选C。

【25】
句意：我在午饭时间注意饮食。

这是我的晚餐。

with带有，具有；in在……里面；for为了；at在……。

根据下文“This is my dinner.”可知上文是她只在午餐时间注意饮食，at lunch time在午饭时间。

故选D。

【点评】做完型填空时，首先要通读课文，明白主旨大意，然后再做题。

做完型时要记住“瞻前顾后想结果”这一原则，根据上下文以及语境做题，切忌主观臆断。

另外，平时还要多多积累词汇。

完型填空常考名词、动词、形容词和副词等辨析。

做词义辨析题时，首先要确认四个选项的含义，然后分析语境和逻辑关系，确定答案。

例如第2题。

首先确定四个选项的含义。

news新闻；way方式；pie果馅饼；pen钢笔。

根据下文“He gave Mrs. White a small book and said, "Read this carefully and eat the things on page 11 every day.”可知上文是“我有个好办法”，故选B。

三、阅读理解
(A)
Next Friday, my school will hold a food festival to raise money to help a girl in Class Ten in our school. She is badly ill and needs a large number of money. To hold it successfully, I turn to Aunt Liu.
She is a cook, and she gives me the following advice.
Sugar- Keep away from it. Don't serve too much sugar or food with a lot of sugar, like sweets, biscuits and cakes.
Fruit- It is necessary. If possible, eat fruit fifteen minutes before eating anything else. After a meal you should prepare only one kind of fruit strawberry.
Breakfast is the king- Plan a big breakfast with fruit juice, milk and bread. You can make as much bread as you can, but at breakfast, never at lunch or dinner. You can cook some coffee, but you should advise your classmates not
to drink too much.
Goodbye to big dinners- Dinner should be the lightest of the three meals. Also, try to plan it as early as possible. Don't have dinner after nine o' clock at night.
26. Why will my school hold the food festival?
A. To show many kinds of food.
B. To have a competition on cooking.
C. To raise money to help a sick girl in Class Ten in our school.
D. To teach students how to cook food.
27. What will be bad for our health if we eat too much of it?
A. Sweets and cakes.
B. Milk and fruit.
C. Milk and bread.
D. Fruit and bread.
28. When is the best time to eat fruit?
A. Half an hour before meals.
B. Half an hour after meals.
C. Fifteen minutes before meals.
D. Fifteen minutes after meals.
29. What does Aunt Liu tell the students not to drink too much?
A. Fruit juice.
B. Coffee.
C. Milk.
D. Water.
30. Which sentence is NOT true according to the passage?
A. We should keep away from sugar or food with a lot of sugar.
B. We can eat fruit fifteen minutes after eating many things.
C. We should have dinner before nine o' clock at night.
D. We can make much bread at breakfast.
【答案】26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. B
【解析】
这篇短文主要讲述了下周五，我们学校将会举办美食节，为学校一名生病的同学募捐，我向一名厨师寻求建议。

她的建议是：1.远离糖；2.吃水果的方式要恰当3.早餐要好。

4.晚餐不能太丰盛。

【26】
细节理解。

根据文中“Next Friday, my school will hold a food festival to raise money to help a girl in Class Ten in our school.”下星期五，我们学校将举办一个美食节，为我们学校十班的一个女孩筹款。

可知，举办美食节的目的是帮助我们学校十班的一个生病的女孩筹集资金。

故选C。

【27】
细节理解。

Sweets and cakes.糖果；Milk and fruit.牛奶和水果；Milk and bread.牛奶和面包；Fruit and bread.水果和面包。

根据文中“Sugar- Keep away from it. Don't serve too much sugar or food with a lot of sugar, like sweets, biscuits and cakes”糖-离它远点。

不要提供太多的糖或含糖太多的食物，如糖果、饼干和蛋糕。

可知，糖果和蛋糕对我们的健康有害。

故选A。

【28】
细节理解。

根据文中“If possible, eat fruit fifteen minutes before eating anything else.”在吃其他东西前15分钟吃水果。

故选C。

【29】
细节理解。

根据文中“You can cook some coffee, but you should advise your classmates not to drink too much.”你可以煮一些咖啡，但你应该建议你的同学不要喝太多。

Aunt Liu告诉学生们不要喝太多的咖啡。

故选B。

【30】
推理判断。

根据文中“Sugar- Keep away from it. Don't serve too much sugar or food with a lot of sugar, like sweets, biscuits and cakes.”糖-离它远点。

不要提供太多的糖或含糖太多的食物，如糖果、饼干和蛋糕。

可知选项A“We should keep away from sugar or food with a lot of sugar.”是正确的；根据文中“Don't have dinner after nine o' clock at night.”晚上九点以后不要吃晚饭。

可知，选项C“We should have dinner before nine o' clock at night.”说法是正确的；根据文中“You can make as much bread as you can, but at breakfast, never at lunch or dinner.”你可以做尽可能多的面包，但在早餐，绝不在午餐或晚餐。

可知选项D“We can make much bread at breakfast.”说法正确。

根据文中“If possible, eat fruit fifteen minutes before eating anything else.”在吃其他东西前15分钟吃水果。

可知选项B“We can eat fruit fifteen minutes after eating many things.”说法是错误的。

故选B。

【点评】做细节理解题时要先划关键词，再根据关键词定位到文中的某一段即可做出题目。

例如第1题。

根据关键词“Why；hold the food festival”可知，定位至“Next Friday, my school will hold a food
festival to raise money to help a girl in Class Ten in our school.”下星期五，我们学校将举办一个美食节，为我们学校十班的一个女孩筹款。

可知，为帮助我们学校十班的一个生病的女孩筹集资金。

故选C。

(B)
American eating is funny. People in America eat almost everything with a fork. And it seems that holding a knife in one's right hand longer than a few seconds is thought to be against good table manners.
The system (制度,规则) is that if it is necessary to use a knife, people take the fork in their left hands, and cut off a piece of meat or others. Then they put the knife down,transfer the fork to their right hands, and then transfer the food to their mouths with the fork. This is clearly funny, but it is considered good manners.
There are several results of this system. First, if it is not necessary to use a knife, Americans don't use
one,because this greatly complicates (使复杂化) things. Therefore, sometimes they will try to cut things
like potatoes and even bacon with a fork. Second, since only one implement (器具) is being used, food has to
be chased around the plate with the fork. Third, tables are usually laid with one knife and two forks. The outside fork is for the salad. There is no need for foreign visitors to follow the American system and try to eat the salad with only
a fork, but if you do use your knife, remember to save it for the meat.
31. Why does the writer think American eating is funny?
A. Because the American food is funny.
B. Because Americans have good table manners.
C. Because Americans don't use knives at all.
D. Because Americans use a fork to eat almost everything.
32. If it is necessary to use a knife, people put the fork ?
A. In their left hands.
B. In their right hands.
C. On their plates.
D. On the table.
33. How many results does the system have according to paragraph 3?
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five.
34. If you go to an American family to have dinner, you need to .
A. follow the American system
B. try to eat the salad with only a fork
C. save your knife for the meat
D. save the fork for the meat
35. What's the best title of the passage?
A. Tables Manners.
B. Funny American Eating
C. Eating Customs in America.
D. The American system.
【答案】31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. C
【解析】
这篇短文主要讲述了在美国，人们用刀和叉吃饭，人们左手拿叉子，右手拿刀子，切食物，然后放下刀子，再用左手拿叉子把食物送进嘴里。

【31】
细节理解。

根据文中“American eating is funny. People in America eat almost everything with a fork.”美国人吃东西很有趣。

美国人几乎什么都用叉子吃。

故选D。

【32】
细节理解。

根据文中“The system (制度,规则) is that if it is necessary to use a knife, people take the fork in their left hands,”该制度是，如果有必要使用刀，人们用左手拿叉子。

可知，人们把叉放到他们的左手。

故选A。

【33】
细节理解。

根据文中“First, if it is not necessary to use a knife, Americans don't use one, because this greatly complicates (使复杂化) things….. Second, since only one implement (器具) is being used, …. Third, tables are usually laid with one knife and two forks. The outside fork is for the salad. ….”可知，根据第三段可知，这个制度有3个结果。

故选B。

【34】
细节理解。

根据文中“but if you do use your knife, remember to save it for the meat.”但如果你真的用刀，记得把它留着吃肉。

可知，你得把刀留着吃肉。

故选C。

【35】
最佳标题。

Tables Manners.餐桌礼仪；Funny American Eating有趣的美国饮食；Eating Customs in America. 美国的饮食习俗。

；The American system. 美国制度。

这篇短文主要讲述了在美国，人们用刀和叉吃饭，人们左手拿叉子，右手拿刀子，切食物，然后放下刀子，再用左手拿叉子把食物送进嘴里。

故这篇短文主要讲述了美国的饮食习俗。

选项C符合题意。

故选C。

(C)
In the middle of a dark forest, there lives an owl (猫头鹰). All the animals know that he is the cleverest of all. So they often go to him and tell him their troubles. Then the owl always teaches them what they should do.
One day, a little bird goes up to the owl. She is crying. "What's wrong with you?" asks the owl. "I am not happy at all. I don't want to be a bird," the bird says. "Why don't you want to be a bird?" asks the owl. "I am so small, weak and useless," she cries. "I want to be big and strong like the lion. He is very important, but I am not."
Then the owl whispers something in her ear. At once the bird dries (擦干) her tears and goes away. One week later, the bird came back. "Oh, thank you very much. You are a very clever owl," she says to the owl. "I am very happy now. Every day, I sit on the top of the tallest tree and watch for (监视) lions and tigers. When they come near, I shout at the top of my voice. Then my friends all run and hide. They are very thankful to me. I am useful and important now."
The wise owl smiles and says, "No one in the world is useless."
36. The animals in the forest visit the owl because .
A. they are all afraid of him
B. the owl can help them when they don't feel well
C. the owl can tell them what they should do when they have some problems
D. they are cleverer than the owl
37. The little bird is not happy because .
A. the lion often beats her
B. she thinks she is too small, weak and useless
C. she wants to kill the lion
D. she is very important
38. The owl tells the bird .
A. that she is stronger than the lions and the tigers
B. that she must be happy
C. that she must run and hide
D. to sit on the top of the tallest tree and watch for lions and tigers
39. The underlined word "whispers" means " " in Chinese.
A. 大喊
B. 扔东西
C. 耳语
D. 插上
40. From the story we know .
A. the bird's friends are very thankful to her because she drives the tigers and lions away
B. the tigers and lions run away when they hear the bird's voice
C. the bird thinks that she is useful and important now
D. the owl is useless
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. C
【解析】
这篇短文主要讲一只自认为没有用处的小鸟，在猫头鹰的指导下认识到了自己存在的价值的故事。

从而告诉我们在这个世界上没有人是没有用的。

【36】
细节理解。

根据文中“All the animals know that he is the cleverest of all. So they often go to him and tell him their troubles. Then the owl always teaches them what they should do.”所有的动物都知道他是最聪明的。

所以他们经常去找他，告诉他他们的麻烦。

然后猫头鹰总是教他们该怎么做。

可知，猫头鹰可以告诉他们当他们有问题时应该做什么。

故选C。

【37】
细节理解。

根据文中“"I am so small, weak and useless," she cries.”她哭着说：“我是如此的渺小，虚弱和无用，”可知，这只小鸟觉得自己太小，太弱，太没用，所以向猫头鹰求助。

故选B。

【38】
细节理解。

根据文中“Then the owl whispers something in her ear. At once the bird dries (擦干) her tears and goes
away.”然后猫头鹰在她耳边低语。

鸟儿立刻擦干了眼泪就走了。

及文中“Every day, I sit on the top of the tallest tree and watch for (监视) lions and tigers. When they come near, I shout at the top of my voice. Then my friends all run and hide. They are very thankful to me. I am useful and important now.”每天，我都坐在最高的树顶上，观察狮子和老虎。

他们走近时，我大声喊叫。

然后我的朋友都跑了躲起来。

他们非常感谢我。

我现在既有用又重要。

可知，猫头鹰建议小鸟坐在最高的树顶上，观察狮子和老虎。

故选D。

【39】
词句猜测。

根据文中“something in her ear. ”在她耳边耳语一些东西；及下文“At once the bird dries (擦干) her tears and goes away.”鸟儿立刻擦干了眼泪就走了。

可知，上文“whispers”的意思是“耳语”。

故选C。

【40】
推理判断。

根据文中“Every day, I sit on the top of the tallest tree and watch for (监视) lions and tigers. When they come near, I shout at the top of my voice. Then my friends all run and hide. They are very thankful to me. I am useful and important now."”每天，我都坐在最高的树顶上，观察狮子和老虎。

他们走近时，我大声喊叫。

然后我的朋友都跑了躲起来。

他们非常感谢我。

我现在既有用又重要。

”及下文“The wise owl smiles and says, "No one in the world is useless."”可知，通过这个故事我们知道，这只鸟认为她现在是有用的和重要的。

故选C。

(D)
从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,补全短文。

Our living conditions are becoming better and better. People pay more attention to the foods and drinks.
___41___ So, more and more children are overweight (超重).
___42___ When parents have poor eating habits, their children usually do, too. This is because children eat in the same way as their parents do. ___43___
Doctors advise parents to give the children more healthy foods, such as milk, eggs, fruits and vegetables.
___44___ Not only parents but also children should follow the doctor' advice, especially the fat ones.___45___ To enjoy a healthy life, we should improve our diet now.
A. Because fat can cause many diseases.
B. Not all parents know what foods are healthy.
C. They believe these foods can help prevent many diseases.
D. Parents are trying to give their children more good foods to eat.
E. They learn a lot from their parents, including eating habits.
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. E 44. C 45. A
【解析】
这篇短文主要讲述了我们的生活条件变得越来越好，人们越来越关注食物和饮料，父母给他们的孩子太多的好食物，导致很多孩子超重，肥胖，并进一步说明了肥胖的原因及医生对父母的建议。

【41】
根据下文“So, more and more children are overweight (超重).”因此，越来越多的儿童超重。

可知，上文是“Parents are trying to give their children more good foods to eat.”家长们正努力给孩子们提供更多好吃的食物。

故选D。

【42】
根据下文“When parents have poor eating habits, their children usually do, too. This is because children eat in the same way as their parents do.”可知上文是“Not all parents know what foods are healthy.”不是所有的父母都知道什么食物是健康的。

故选B。

【43】
根据上文“This is because children eat in the same way as their parents do.”这是因为孩子和父母吃东西的方式一样。

可知，下文是“They learn a lot from their parents, including eating habits.”他们从父母那里学到了很多，包括饮食习惯。

故选E。

【44】
根据上文“Doctors advise parents to give the children more healthy foods, such as milk, eggs, fruits and vegetables.”医生建议家长给孩子们更多的健康食品，如牛奶、鸡蛋、水果和蔬菜。

可知下文是“They believe these foods can help prevent many diseases.”他们相信这些食物可以帮助预防许多疾病。

故选C。

【45】
根据上文“Not only parents but also children should follow the doctor' advice, especially the fat ones.”不仅家长，孩子也应该听从医生的建议，尤其是胖孩子。

可知下文是“Because fat can cause many diseases.”因为脂肪会引起很多疾病。

故选A。

四、词语运用
阅读短文,用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空,使短文意思通顺,完整。

请将答案填写在短文后相应题号的横线上。

Table manners are very ___46___ in every country. For example, when you are in England you must not lift (举起) your soup plate to your mouth. This is very ___47___. But when you are in Japan this is completely polite. Lifting your plate to your mouth in Japan is a ___48___ way of drinking your soup. And also in Japan you ___49___ worry about making a noise when you drink it. It just ___50___ that you really like the food! But it is not the same in Britain, so you shouldn't make a ___51___ when eating there.
In Britain, people don't put their hands or arms on the table during the meal. But in Mexico, guests keep their hands on the table all the time. In fact, you should watch what your hands do very ___52___. In Arab countries, it is impolite when you eat ___53___ your left hand, so don't do it! In all the cultures it is impolite to speak when you are eating. In Ukraine you should not start eating ___54___; you should wait for all the others to start eating with you. You also have to say "please" and "thank you" every time you ask for and get something. If you don't like some food, don't make faces and don't say: "Yuk! I hate that!" The best way to avoid making mistakes in other countries is
___55___ the host and try to do as he does.
【答案】46. different
47. impolite
48. traditional
49. don't have to
50. shows51. noise
52. carefully
53. with54. first
55. to watch
【解析】
这篇短文主要讲述了不同国家的不同的餐桌文化，并且提出建议——避免犯错误的最好方法是按照主人的
方法去就餐。

【46】
句意：每个国家的餐桌礼仪都非常不同的。

根据文中“For example, when you are in England you must not lift (举起) your soup plate to your mouth. This is very ___2___. But when you are in Japan this is completely polite….”可知，此处是“每个国家的餐桌礼仪都是不同的”。

所给单词difference名词，不同，此处用形容词different，不同的。

故答案为different。

【47】
句意：这是非常不礼貌的。

根据下文“But when you are in Japan this is completely polite.”但是当你在日本的时候，这是完全礼貌的。

可知，上文是“这是非常不礼貌的”。

所给单词是polite礼貌的，这里用反义词impolite，不礼貌的。

故答案为impolite。

【48】
句意：在日本，把盘子端到嘴里是喝汤的传统方式。

根据上文“But when you are in Japan this is completely polite.”可知，此处是“把盘子端到嘴里是喝汤的传统方式”此处是形容词作定语修饰way。

所给单词“traditional”形容词，传统的。

故答案为traditional。

【49】
句意：而且在日本，你也不必担心喝汤得时候会发出噪音。

根据上文“But when you are in Japan this is completely polite. Lifting your plate to your mouth in Japan is a
___3___ way of drinking your soup.”可知，下文是“你也不必担心喝汤得时候发出噪音”。

have to do sth.必须做某事；此处是否定形式，这里是一般现在时态，主要是you，含有实意动词worry，借助助动词do+not 构成否定句。

故答案为don't have to。

【50】
句意：它只是表明你真的很喜欢食物！
根据上文“And also in Japan you ___4___ worry about making a noise when you drink it.”可知此处是“它只是表明你真的很喜欢食物”，所给单词show动词，表示，出示，这里是一般现在时态，谓语动词变第三人称单数。

故答案为shows。

【51】
句意：所以你在那里吃饭时不应该制造噪音。

根据上文“But it is not the same in Britain”可知下文是“在英国的时候吃饭不能制造噪音”。

所给单词noisy
形容词，吵闹的。

此处用名词noise，噪音。

故答案为noise。

【52】
句意：事实上，你应该仔细观察你的手做什么。

根据“you should watch what your hand”可知此处是“仔细观察”，这里是副词修饰动词，所给单词careful 形容词，小心的，此处用副词carefully副词，认真地。

故答案为carefully。

【53】
句意：在阿拉伯国家，用左手吃饭是不礼貌的，所以不要这样做！
此处是“用左手吃饭”，with介词，用，带有，故答案为with。

【54】
句意：在乌克兰，你不应该先开始吃东西；你应该等其他人开始和你一起吃东西。

根据下文“you should wait for all the others to start eating with you.”可知，这里是“你不应该先开始吃东西”。

所给单词one基数词，一；此处用序数词first，第一。

故答案为first。

【55】
句意：避免在其他国家犯错误的最好办法是看着主人，尽量像他那样做。

根据下文“the host and try to do as he does”可知此处是“避免在其他国家犯错误的最好办法是看着主人”，这里是动词不定式做is的表语。

所给单词watch观看，此处用动词不定式。

故答案为to watch。

【点评】首先要阅读题干，整体把握文章大意，然后根据句意及上下文推测需要填写的单词，最后还要注意单词形式的变化。

例如：小题2。

根据关键句“But when you are in Japan this is completely polite.”但是当你在日本的时候，这是完全礼貌的。

可知，上文是“这是非常不礼貌的”。

所给单词是polite礼貌的，这里用反义词impolite，不礼貌的。

故答案为impolite。

五、情景交际根据下面的对话情景,在每个空白处填入一个适当的句子,使对话连贯、意思完整。

A: Hello! Haitian restaurant.
B: Hello! _____56_____?
A: Sure. What would you like?
B: I'd like roast chicken, cheese pie and two bowls of rice.
A: _____57_____?
B: Two bottles of coke.
A: _____58_____?。