新版轮机英语unit23课部分省公开课金奖全国赛课一等奖微课获奖PPT课件
合集下载
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
• power transmission：
22/104
(1) The hydraulic pump to convert mechanical into hydraulic energy;
(2) Valves（阀件） to allow this hydraulic energy to be controlled;
13/104
Many reasons can be suggest for the use of hydraulic systems
• Marine engineering: • (a) A convenient method of transferring
power（传动） over relatively long distance from, say,
23/104
• (3) Hydraulic cylinders to convert the hydraulic energy into linear force and motion (semi-rotary achieve part rotation);
24/104
• (4) Hydraulic motors to convert the hydraulic energy into continuous rotary motion.
26/104
Axial piston pumps and motors
• A number of basic types of piston equipment（柱塞设备） are available.
27/104
28/104
29/104
• In all cases, the pumping action is achieved with reciprocating（往复） pistons and in the majority of designs variable output flow capacity is readily obtained
35/104
• The angle of the swasplate causes the pitons to move in the cylinder bores away from the kidney port, thus allowing fluid to enter the cylinder.
6/104
• The live line circuit maintains a high pressure from which the control valve draws pressurized oil to the hydraulic motor as and when required.
37/104
Both the rotor face and the “slipper pads” (滑块） on the piston ends are pressure balanced and lubricated to minimize power losses.
38/104
• With variable capacity units（变量机构 ） the angle of the swashplate is altered and the output flow varied proportionally（按百分比）.
30/104
• -the method depending upon the detailed geometry（几何学） of the machine.
31/104
• The simplest design is usually described as the swashplate type(倾斜盘式） and the concept is illustrated in Fig.23-1.
41/104
but on the larger sizes the forces increase to such a magnitude（大 小，巨大） that some form of servo（伺服） assistance is essential.
42/104
This takes the form of an internal piston（内置活塞） operated through a simple servo arrangement and which takes its power from high pressure pump output .
23 The Hydraulic System and Equipment
1/104
Hydraulic systems
• Hydraulic systems are made up of an oil tank(油箱）, pumps, control valves, hydraulic motor and pipe work.
36/104
• Further movement brings the cylinder on to the path of the out kidney port and causes the piston to move downwards, this expels fluid through the outlet port.
14/104
• a central pump room to remote（遥远 ） operating sites in the ship: where necessary, complete local control of operations can be achieved;
15/104
• (b) Fully variable speed control（无极变速 ） of both linear（直线） and rotary motion（回转运动）, with good “inching” capability（微速性能） and smooth（平稳 ） take up of load;
44/104
The control can be readily adapted for operation by means of hand wheels or levers or for remote actuation by electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic signals.
2/104
• The oil tank and pump are common（ 共有） to all equipment acting as a central pumping unit(单元，装置，单 位）.
3/104
• Three different basic circuits are used, employing either low or medium pressure oil supplies（供油单元）.
9/104
• Low pressure system use the open loop circuit and are simple in design as well as reliable.
10/104
• The equipment is however large, inefficient in operation and overheats after prolonged use.
20/104
• (e) Significant cost savings can be shown over alternative solutions for many requirements.
21/104
• In practical terms, four main categories of equipment can be defined in order to achieve this
3ate is moved “over centre ”, the direction of the flow is reversed.
40/104
The forces involved with small pumps allow the volume to be varied mechanically,
4/104
• The open loop circuit（开式回路） takes oil from the tank and pumps it through a control valve into the hydraulic motor.
5/104
The exhaust oil returns to the tank and in neutral（中位） the oil bypasses the hydraulic motor.
32/104
33/104
• Multiple pistons are positioned axially（ 向轴方向） in a rotor, which is connected to the prime mover via the drive shaft（驱动轴）.
34/104
• As the rotor revolves, the cylinders follow the path of the kidney-shaped（ 肾形） inlet port.
43/104
The basically simplicity of this type of equipment allows a compact variable capacity unit to be produced capable of operating as pump or motor in either direction of rotation
11/104
• Medium pressure systems are favored for marine application using either the open or closed circuit.
12/104
• Smaller installations are of the open loop circuit type.
25/104
• Although system are designed to suit particular applications, basic circuits can be identified which illustrate the main principles and alternative types.
7/104
• The closed loop circuit has the exhaust oil returned to the pump suction.
8/104
• The pump is of the variable delivery type, providing maximum flexibility in oil supply to the equipment.
18/104
• (d) Complete safety and reliability is assured under the most difficult environment conditions;
19/104
overload conditions are safeguarded by using a relief valve to limit maximum output torques or forces;
16/104
in all cases power is continuously transmitted whilst speed changes take place;
17/104
• (c) High static force（静态力） or torques（力矩） can be achieved and maintained indefinitely（无限期）;
22/104
(1) The hydraulic pump to convert mechanical into hydraulic energy;
(2) Valves（阀件） to allow this hydraulic energy to be controlled;
13/104
Many reasons can be suggest for the use of hydraulic systems
• Marine engineering: • (a) A convenient method of transferring
power（传动） over relatively long distance from, say,
23/104
• (3) Hydraulic cylinders to convert the hydraulic energy into linear force and motion (semi-rotary achieve part rotation);
24/104
• (4) Hydraulic motors to convert the hydraulic energy into continuous rotary motion.
26/104
Axial piston pumps and motors
• A number of basic types of piston equipment（柱塞设备） are available.
27/104
28/104
29/104
• In all cases, the pumping action is achieved with reciprocating（往复） pistons and in the majority of designs variable output flow capacity is readily obtained
35/104
• The angle of the swasplate causes the pitons to move in the cylinder bores away from the kidney port, thus allowing fluid to enter the cylinder.
6/104
• The live line circuit maintains a high pressure from which the control valve draws pressurized oil to the hydraulic motor as and when required.
37/104
Both the rotor face and the “slipper pads” (滑块） on the piston ends are pressure balanced and lubricated to minimize power losses.
38/104
• With variable capacity units（变量机构 ） the angle of the swashplate is altered and the output flow varied proportionally（按百分比）.
30/104
• -the method depending upon the detailed geometry（几何学） of the machine.
31/104
• The simplest design is usually described as the swashplate type(倾斜盘式） and the concept is illustrated in Fig.23-1.
41/104
but on the larger sizes the forces increase to such a magnitude（大 小，巨大） that some form of servo（伺服） assistance is essential.
42/104
This takes the form of an internal piston（内置活塞） operated through a simple servo arrangement and which takes its power from high pressure pump output .
23 The Hydraulic System and Equipment
1/104
Hydraulic systems
• Hydraulic systems are made up of an oil tank(油箱）, pumps, control valves, hydraulic motor and pipe work.
36/104
• Further movement brings the cylinder on to the path of the out kidney port and causes the piston to move downwards, this expels fluid through the outlet port.
14/104
• a central pump room to remote（遥远 ） operating sites in the ship: where necessary, complete local control of operations can be achieved;
15/104
• (b) Fully variable speed control（无极变速 ） of both linear（直线） and rotary motion（回转运动）, with good “inching” capability（微速性能） and smooth（平稳 ） take up of load;
44/104
The control can be readily adapted for operation by means of hand wheels or levers or for remote actuation by electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic signals.
2/104
• The oil tank and pump are common（ 共有） to all equipment acting as a central pumping unit(单元，装置，单 位）.
3/104
• Three different basic circuits are used, employing either low or medium pressure oil supplies（供油单元）.
9/104
• Low pressure system use the open loop circuit and are simple in design as well as reliable.
10/104
• The equipment is however large, inefficient in operation and overheats after prolonged use.
20/104
• (e) Significant cost savings can be shown over alternative solutions for many requirements.
21/104
• In practical terms, four main categories of equipment can be defined in order to achieve this
3ate is moved “over centre ”, the direction of the flow is reversed.
40/104
The forces involved with small pumps allow the volume to be varied mechanically,
4/104
• The open loop circuit（开式回路） takes oil from the tank and pumps it through a control valve into the hydraulic motor.
5/104
The exhaust oil returns to the tank and in neutral（中位） the oil bypasses the hydraulic motor.
32/104
33/104
• Multiple pistons are positioned axially（ 向轴方向） in a rotor, which is connected to the prime mover via the drive shaft（驱动轴）.
34/104
• As the rotor revolves, the cylinders follow the path of the kidney-shaped（ 肾形） inlet port.
43/104
The basically simplicity of this type of equipment allows a compact variable capacity unit to be produced capable of operating as pump or motor in either direction of rotation
11/104
• Medium pressure systems are favored for marine application using either the open or closed circuit.
12/104
• Smaller installations are of the open loop circuit type.
25/104
• Although system are designed to suit particular applications, basic circuits can be identified which illustrate the main principles and alternative types.
7/104
• The closed loop circuit has the exhaust oil returned to the pump suction.
8/104
• The pump is of the variable delivery type, providing maximum flexibility in oil supply to the equipment.
18/104
• (d) Complete safety and reliability is assured under the most difficult environment conditions;
19/104
overload conditions are safeguarded by using a relief valve to limit maximum output torques or forces;
16/104
in all cases power is continuously transmitted whilst speed changes take place;
17/104
• (c) High static force（静态力） or torques（力矩） can be achieved and maintained indefinitely（无限期）;