六年级下册英语素材-小升初 英语知识点总结 全国通用

小升初英语知识点汇总
一、名词复数规则
1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,?再加-es，如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,?再加-es，如:knife-knives
5.不规则名词复数:?man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
写出下列各词的复数
watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______
day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________
tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____
peach______ sandwich ______dish_______bus_______man______
二、一般现在时
1.一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。

2.一般现在时中，没有be动词和情态动词，主语为第三人称单数的肯定句，动词要按规则加上s，主语是非第三人称单数的肯定句，动词用原形。

3.在一般现在时中，句中有be动词或情态动词时，否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not，一般疑问句将be动词或情态动词放在句首。

4.在一般现在时中，句中没有be动词或情态动词时，主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加does+not (doesn’t)，一般疑问句在句首加does，句子中原有动词用原形;主语为非第三人称单数，否定句用do+not (don’t)，一般疑问句在句首加do，句子中动词用原形。

动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2 .以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如:study-studies
一般现在时基本用法介绍
【No. 1】一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。

如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。

如:I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。

3.表示客观现实。

如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

一般现在时的构成
1. be动词:主语be(am,is,are)其它。

如:
I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

2.行为动词:主语行为动词(其它)。

如:
We study English.我们学习英语。

当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。

如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

【No. 2】一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。

否定句:主语be not其它。

如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。

一般疑问句:Be主语其它。

如:-Are you a student
-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
非凡疑问句:疑问词一般疑问句。

如:Where is my bike
2.行为动词的变化。

否定句:主语don't( doesn't )动词原形(其它)。

如:
I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。

如: He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句:Do( Does )主语动词原形其它。

如:
- Do you often play football
- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。

如: - Does she go to work by bike
- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
2.行为动词的变化。

否定句:主语don't( doesn't )动词原形(其它)。

如:
I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。

如: He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句:Do( Does )主语动词原形其它。

如:
- Do you often play football
- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。

如: - Does she go to work by bike
- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
动词s的变化规则
1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如:study-studies
用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20.-What day _______(be) it today
-It’s Saturday
三、现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。

5.现在进行时的非凡疑问的基本结构为:
疑问词不达意be主语动词ing
但疑问词当主语时其结构为:
疑问词不达意be动词ing
动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下，直接加ing，如:cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如:make-making, taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，
如:run-running, stop-stopping
写出下列动词的现在分词:
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________
go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________
read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________
put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________
live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________
stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes Yes ,she is .
四、将来时理论及练习
一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。

句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomo rrow(后天)等。

二、基本结构:①be going to do;②will do.
三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。

例如:I’m going to have a picnic this aftern oon.→I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、同义句:be going to = will
1.be going to表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。

2.肯定句:be going to +动词原形，如:Jim is going to play football.否定句:be not going to +动词原形，如:Jim is not going to play football.一般疑问句:把be动词调到句首，如:Is Jim going to play football特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形如:What is Jim
going to do疑问词当主语时:疑问词+be+going to+动词原形如:Who is going to play football
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习:
填空。

1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2.我们将要学习英语
We _____ _______ _________ learn English.
We ________ learn English.
五、一般过去时
1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。

2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。

(was not=wasn’t)
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。

(were not=weren’t)
⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was 或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。

3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句:didn’t +动词原形，如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑问句:在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。

如:Did Jim go home yesterday特殊疑问句:
⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形如:What did Jim do yesterday⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式如:Who went to home yesterday
动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed，如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.结尾是e加d，如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如:stop-stopped
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如:study-studied
5.不规则动词过去式:am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put,
make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode,
speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________ plant________ are ________
drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____
taste_________ eat__________ put ______
kick_________ pass_______ do ________
Be动词的过去时练习(1)
Name ____________ No. ______ Date __________
用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I _______ at school just now.
2. He ________ at the camp last week.
3. We ________ students two years ago.
4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
行为动词的过去时练习(2)
Name ____________ No. ______ Date __________
用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday Yes, he ______.
6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
(二)小升初英语词类:
动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下方法:
先用“一(量词)”(如:一个、一张等)和这个词连起来说，如说得通，一般认为是名词;说不通再用“很”去判断，就是把“很”和为个词连起来说，说得通一般就是形容词;都说不通就是动
词。

(目前我们学过的，以后可能不同)(另外一些很明显的，如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道)
1、动词
这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称，其中包括行为动词(就是我们平时总说的那种动词)、be动词、情态动词。

(1)行为动词
就是我们平时上课时说的动词，表示某一动作或行为。

如:sweep、live等。

行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式:
原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，具体判断方法如下:
↗有，就加ing
读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看有无be动词
(若是be going to就用原形)
↘没有，再看情态动词
↗有，就用原形
↗有，就加ed
↘没有，再看有无表示过去的时间状语
↗是第三人称单数就加s或es
↘没有，再看主语
↘不是第三人称单数就用原形
(2)be动词
a、Am--was Is --was Are--were口诀:我用am,你用are, is用在他她它，所有复数全用are。

b、肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.
c、一般疑问句Am I a Chinese Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
我们现在学过的be动词大致分两类:is、am、are为一类，一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中，was和were为另一类，一般用于一般过去时。

判断步骤:
↗第一、三人称单数，就用was
↗有，再看人称
↘第二人称单数和所有复数，就用were
看有无表示过去的时间状语
↗第一人称单数，就用am
↘没有，再看人称→第三人称单数，就有is
↘第二人称单数和所有复数，就用are
用am, is, are填空
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jack's sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom
6. Where _____ your mother She ______ at home.
7. How _______ your father
8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.
9. Whose dress ______ this
10. Whose socks ______ they
(3)情态动词
情态动词也是一类特殊的动词，平时我们不把它说成是动词。

情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中。

我们现在学过的情态动词有:can、must、should、would、may。

接触最多的是can。

情态动词后动词总是用原形。

(不受其他任何条件影响)
2、名词
表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。

判断的关键词往往是be动词，be动词如果是am、is或was，名词就用原形;be动词如果是are或were，名词就加s或es。

这里强调两点:不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断，以免受误导。

如何加后缀:
a.一般情况下，直接加-s，如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
b.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
c.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
d.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如:knife-knives
e.不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,
policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
判断步骤:
↗如是am、is或was→原形
读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词
↘如是are或were→加s或es
3、形容词(包括副词)
形容词表示某一事物或的特征，副词表示某一动作的特征。

形容词和副词只有两种形式:原形和+er。

第一人称I me we us my mine our ours
第二人称you you you you your yours your yours
第三人称he him they them his his their theirs she her her her sit it its its
人称代词:有主格和宾格之分。

一般动词前用主格，动词后用宾格。

物主代词:有两类:形容词性物主代词(短的)和名词性物主代词(长的)
一般看后面有没有名词，如有，就用形容词性物主代词(短的);如无，就用名词性物主代词(长的)。

用所给词的适当形式填空
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3. Is this _________ watch (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are
_________. ( he )
5、数量词
我们学过两类:基数词和序数词。

基数用于表示数量多少，而基数词用于表示次序，常在日期中出现。

6、冠词
有a、an、the。

a和an有具体的意思，一(个…)，the没有具体意思，有时翻译为这、那。

确定用a、an还是the时可根据汉语意思。

a和an的区别:an用于元音音素(一般就是元音字母aeiou)前，a用于辅音音素前。