北师大版必修四：Unit 12 Culture Shock 单元要点回扣

高中英语讲义
[学生用书P75]
owe v t.欠(情、债等)；感激；归
功于
(1)owe sb.sth. 欠某人某物
owe...to．.. 把……归功于……
(2)owing adj. 欠着的
owing to 由于
apology n. 道歉，认错
(1)make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.
因为(做)……向某人
道歉
owe sb.an apology 应向某人道歉
(2)apologize(apologise) v i. 道歉
apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.
因(做)某事向某人道歉
apologize to sb. that... 因……向某人道歉
absorb v t. 理解，掌握；吸收，汲取；吞并；吸引(注意
等)；使全神贯注
(1)absorb...from... 从……中吸收……
absorb sth.into sth. 吸收某物进入某物
(2)absorbed adj. 被吸收的；一心一意的
be absorbed in 全神贯注于，专心于
exchange v t.& n. 交换，兑换
(1)exchange...for．.. 用……换……
exchange ideas 交流想法
(2)in exchange (for...) 作为(对……的)交换
majority n. 大多数，大半
(1)in a/the majority 占大多数
by/with a majority 以……的多数
(2)major adj. 重要的
v. 主修
major in 主修……
request n．& v t. 请求；要求；邀请
(1)make (a) request for．.. 请求/要求得到……
at one’s request/at the request of sb.
应某人的要求
on request 一经请求
(2)request sth.from/of sb. 要求某人某事
request sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事
attach v t. 附，贴，系，固定；喜欢，
依恋
(1)attach...to... 把……附在……上
高中英语讲义
attach importance to sth. 认为……有重要性/
意义
(2)attached adj. 附加的；喜爱的
be attached to... 附加于/喜爱……
forgive v t. 宽恕，饶恕
(1)forgive sb. sth. 原谅某人某事
forgive sb.for (doing) sth.
饶恕/原谅某人(做)
某事
forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
(2)forgiving adj. 宽恕的
(3)forgiveness n. 原谅；宽恕
first__of__all 首先
above all 最重要的
at all 根本
all in all 总而言之
in all 总共
after all 毕竟
as__a__result 结果
as a result of．.. 因为
with the result that... 结果是……
result in 导致
result from... 起因于
drop__off让……下车；打盹儿，打瞌睡；减少，逐渐
消失
drop away 减弱；减少
drop back 落后
drop behind 落后；落在……后面
drop in(on sb.) 拜访(某人)
drop out 不再参加，退出；辍学
hang__on 稍等；不挂断；取决于；坚持不懈，不放弃hang out 挂出；闲逛
hang up 挂断；悬挂；搁置
hang around 闲荡；徘徊
hang over 笼罩；威胁
break__into 闯入，破门而入；突然……
起来
break away from 离开；脱离
break down 打破，毁掉；出毛病；(身体)垮了；恸哭break out 突然爆发
break up 拆散，解散；分解，分裂；崩溃
break in 插嘴
break through 突围；突破
bring__an__end__to... 使结束
at an end 结束
come to an end 结束
put an end to... 使……结束
at the end of．.. 在……末尾
by the end of... 到……为止
1．现在分词作定语
There are people from all over the world living here and as a result，there are many international restaurants.
【仿写】站在那棵树底下的女孩是我妹妹。

The girl__standing__under__that__tree is my sister.
2．even though即使
But even though some British people are quite strange，the majority of them are really friendly and I’ve made some good friends.
【仿写】即使下雨，我们也要想办法按时到达那里。

We will manage to arrive there on time even__though__it__rains．
3．was/were doing...when...正在做……时，这时……
I was enjoying my dessert and talking to my American friend Janice at the table when I noticed people staring at us.
【仿写】他们正在讨论这个问题，这时有人闯了进来。

They were__discussing__the__problem__when someone broke in.
4．while表示对比
They are now a minority group and most of them live in terrible conditions while the rest of us are quite well-off.
【仿写】他每天辛苦工作而他哥哥却整天闲坐着无所事事。

He works hard every day while__his__brother__always sits there doing nothing.
5．It is said that...据说……
It is said that there are more than 200 different kinds!
【仿写】据说他的儿子已经出国深造了。

It__is__said__that his son has gone abroad for further education.
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。

1．伤害了朋友时，你向他/她道歉吗？(when doing...; apology)
2．我们大多数人发现道歉很难，即使我们的朋友们在期待着。

(majority; find＋宾语＋宾补；even if; look forward to)
3．如果你不常道歉，那你可能会结束你们的友谊。

(bring an end to)
4．要谦虚和谨慎。

做错事时，道歉是很合理的。

(modest; cautious; reasonable)
5．你可以给你的朋友一个礼物，附上小纸条。

(attach)
6．那么你的朋友会原谅你。

(forgive)
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ One possible version：
Do you make an apology to your friend when hurting him/her? The majority of us find it hard, even if our friends are looking forward to it. If you seldom offer your apology, you can bring an end to your friendship. Be modest and cautious.When doing something wrong, it is reasonable to apologize. You can give your friend a note attached to a gift. Then your friend will forgive you.。