2020-2021学年安徽省铜陵市第四中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析

2020-2021学年安徽省铜陵市第四中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答
案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
During ancient times, children didn’t have smartphones, iPad or computers to entertain themselves. Instead, they came up with interesting games to play.
★Stone balls
During the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China, and it was often played in the winter to protect kids from the cold. Stones were carved into small balls and kicked along with feet. In 1999, the sport was included in the 6th National Ethnic Group Traditional Sports Meeting held in Beijing.
★Flying kites
Kites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made of wood, instead of paper. Nowadays, the four most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite , Weifang kite and Nantong kite, of which each has distinctive features. The kite which resembles a swallow is a well-known Beijing style.
★Hide-and-seek
Hide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. There are two ways to play: covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease(戏弄) him or, more commonly, participants hide and one child must try to find them.
★Playing diabolos
A diabolo is always made of wood or bamboo and has empty space in the center. By juggling(边抛边接) the diabolo on the rope, the high-speed spinning diabolos will make a sound like a whistle. Playing diabolos is an interesting folk game, especially popular in North China. Playing diabolos was also included in the first group of national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产).
1.Why did ancient children often play stone balls in the winter?
A.To practice their feet.
B.To warm themselves.
C.To train their skills.
D.To relax themselves.
2.Which kites are swallow-shaped?
A.Weifang kites.
B.Tianjin kites.
C.Beijing kites.
D.Nantong kites.
3.Why does playing diabolos make a sound?
A.Because the diabolo’s center is empty.
B.Because the high-speed spinning diabolo is light.
C.Because the diabolo is equipped with a whistle.
D.Because ropes’ surface moves against the diabolo’s.
B
Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color1 or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published bySciencefound that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found thatgirls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: ly not.
Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
4. What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?
A. They're unfair.
B. They're conservative.
C. They're objective.
D. They're strict.
5. What can we infer about girls from the study inScience?
A. They think themselves smart.
B. They look up to great thinkers.
C. They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs
6. Why are more geniuses known to the public?
A. Improved global communication.
B. Less discrimination against women.
C. Acceptance of victors' concepts.
D. Changes in people's social positions.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. Geniuses Think Alike
B. Genius Takes Many Forms
C. Genius and Intelligence
D. Genius and Luck
C
36-year-old Juan Dual likes to joke that he’s empty inside. Juan’s story began when he was only 13. It was then that he was diagnosed with a terrible disease, which left him with a 99.8% chance of developing cancer of the digestive system. At age 19, right after finishing high-school, Juan underwent a tough operation to take away his colon and rectum. Sadly, it was only the beginning. By age 28, Juan’s disease had affected his stomach and gallbladder so he had to go under the knife again.
Having just recovered from several serious surgeries, Juan Dual decided to accept the invitation of some friends of his parents and travel to Japan. It was there that things started to change for the better. He didn’t speak a word of Japanese, so he spent most of his time walking his dog. One day, the dog pulled harder, and Juan realized that he was still able to jog, and he started to do just that.
Months later, he found himself working in a small, peaceful town in England. There was little in terms of entertainment, but the town was surrounded by hills, so he devoted even more of his time to running. He befriended some like-minded folks and told them what he’d been through, and they seemed amazed at the fact that he was still alive, let alone that he was pushing himself to exercise. That’s when the idea of focusing on motivating others took root in his mind.
With the help of Pepa, a nutritionist, Juan Dual slowly relearned how to eat to keep his energy level high enough to sustain him during physical activity. Eight months after his last operation, he finished the Barcelona half marathon in two hours. He then started training for mountain running and ultra-marathons.
8. Why does Juan Dual say he is empty inside?
A. Because he has no desire for anything.
B. Because he doesn’t have much knowledge.
C. Because he always suffers from great hunger.
D. Because many of his organs have been removed.
9. What made Juan Dual aware that he could still run?
A. His parents’ support.
B. A walk with his dog.
C. The idea of challenging himself.
D. His quick recovery from surgeries.
10. When did Juan Dual decide to inspire others with his story?
A. After finishing the Barcelona half marathon.
B After being introduced to a nutritionist named Pepa.
C. After sharing it with his friends in an English town.
D. After making friends with people with similar sufferings.
11. Which of the following words can best describe Juan Dual?
A. Ambitious and intelligent.
B. Inspiring and responsible.
C. Unfortunate but determined.
D. Confident but stubborn.
D
Some of the oldest art in human history is being damaged, scientists say. And climate change may be speeding up its loss. Newresearch reports that ancient rock art in Indonesian caves is degrading over time, as bits of rock slowly break off from the walls. It's a huge loss for human history.
Salt crystals（结晶）building up on the walls are a key part of the problem, the study suggests. These salt crystals go into the cave walls, changing sizes as temperatures rise and fall. This process causes the rock to slowly break down.
Salt crystals may become larger when exposed to repeated changes between wet conditions and periods of drought. These kinds of changes are expected to become more obvious as the climate continues to warm.
In particular, the researchers say, climate change may cause more intense El Nino（厄尔尼诺）events in the future. These events can strengthen the kinds of conditions that help salt crystals form Scientists are still debating the exact influence of climate change on El Nino, a natural climate cycle that drives changing patterns of warming and cooling in thePacific Ocean.
The new study, led by Jillian Huntley, examined 11 ancient cave art sites in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The researchers found evidence of salt formation at all 11 sites. It's merely a small part There are more than 300
known eave art sites around the region. The researchers note that salt crystals may indeed be part of the problem, adding that climate change is a growing threat, one that deserves more attention.
12. What is the main cause of the rocks breaking off from the wall?
A. Weather patterns.
B. Salt crystals.
C. Wet conditions.
D. Drought Periods.
13. Which of the following may researchers agree with?
A. El Nino events prevent salt crystals forming.
B. Climate change makes little difference to El Nino.
C.Salt crystals may become much larger in wet conditions.
D. Constant warm weather may cause salt crystals to change size.
14. Which word best describes Huntley's attitude to climate change?
A. Worried.
B. Curious.
C. Doubtful.
D. Positive.
15. What can we learn from thelast paragraph?
A. The formation and patterns of salt crystals.
B. The impact of climate change on ancient rock arts.
C. The historical value of ancient rock art in cave sites.
D. The threats of human activities to ancient eave art sites.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项The old-fashioned art of letter writing is at risk of disappearing altogether. Yet, to me, there is something about receiving a letter that can not be matched by any other form of communication.
____16____It probably began with the little notes I would write to my mother. My mother, also, always insisted I write my own thank-you letters. It didn’t matter how short or untidy they were as long as they were letters.
When I left home at 18 to train as a doctor in Landon I would write once a week, and so would my mother. My father would write once in a while..____17____,Of course, we also made phone calls but it is the letters that I remember most.
I love the letters that come with birthday or Christmas cards.____18____And it’s even nicer when it’s an airmail envelope with beautiful stamps. My overseas letters arrive fromSri Lanka, from someone I trained with over 20 years ago, and have a penfriend inAustraliaand another inVancouver.
My biggest letter-writing success, however, came this summer, when my family and I stayed with my American penfriend inTexas. We had been corresponding (通信) for 29 years but I had never met._____19_____The local press even considered the correspondence worth reporting on the front page.
_____20_____Like my mother, I insistedthey write their own thank-you letters.
However convenient communicating by email may appear to be, I strongly urge readers not to be, I strongly urge readers not to allow letter writing to become another “lost art”.
A. As it is, we now have a regular correspondence.
B. It was always a joy to receive his long, amusing letters.
C. I am pleased that my children are carrying on the tradition.
D. Everyone was amazed that a correspondence could last so long.
E. Letter writing had been part of my life for as longas I can remember.
F. Notes are appreciated, but how much better to have a year’s supply of news!
G. I found that I could often express myself more easily in writing than by talking.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Weeks ago, I was traveling by train. After several stations, the delivery man from the cafeteria came along to___21___the pre-booked hot meals and drinks. Just behind him rushed in a 9-year-old girl, who put out her hand,___22___some food. The food supplier was___23___and pushed her out of the coach（旅客车厢）. Something in me made me___24___. I stepped outside and saw the child still standing there and crying. I asked her if she was hungry and she___25___. So I grabbed her hand and said I’d buy her food.
When I took her to the coach with the cafeteria, the people standing there had a(an)___26___expression on their face, seeing the little girl with me.___27___their reaction, I asked her to___28___whatever she wanted. As I pointed to each item, she___29___nodding.
____30____, we collected so much food. When I turned to the cashier to pay the bill, the little girl____31____hurrying down the train. The cashier shook his head in disbelief and said the girl must be laughing for having fooled me into____32____her unhappiness.
As I returned to my coach, the cashier’s____33____made me doubt whether she’d really fooled me. So I_____34_____and went down the train, following the____35____the little girl had taken. After several coaches, I walked to a ly-deserted coach. Here I saw a____36____which left me surprised. This little girl was sitting in a____37____with two other miserable-looking young boys. She had put all the food in the center and
was____38____putting food into the hand of a young blind boy. Seeing all this, I couldn’t help____39____. The little girl taught us that one can be____40____even when poor.
21. A. take away B. hand out C. throw away D. find out
22. A. begging for B. picking up C. pointing to D. looking at
23. A. frightened B. disappointed C. annoyed D. worried
24. A. doubt B. stop C. watch D. react
25. A. agreed B. signed C. nodded D. refused
26. A. sad B. puzzled C. happy D. excited
27. A. Admiring B. Noticing C. Ignoring D. Analyzing
28. A. list B. slide C. think D. choose
29. A. tried B. kept C. began D. practiced
30. A. Finally B. Nervously C. Immediately D. Suddenly
31. A. finished B. forgot C. started D. risked
32. A. remembering B. believing C. realizing D. missing
33. A. words B. opinions C. thoughts D. attitudes
34. A. turned back B. turned over C. turned up D. turned out
35. A. advice B. food C. train D. direction
36. A. coach B. station C. face D. sight
37. A. group B. team C. circle D. crossroads
38. A. instead B. only C. also D. again
39. A. weeping B. smiling C. shouting D. regretting
40. A. friendly B. generous C. polite D. greedy
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years____41.____(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long____42.____(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of____43.____(die) early by running. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it____44.____(be) more effective at lengthening life____45.____walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014____46.____showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all____47.____(cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise… it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to____48.____(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always____49.____(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give_____50._____a try.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.短文改错
One of my hobbies are running. I really like running, so first of all it's very cheap. It doesn't cost you some money. You can do it anywhere, as example, on a city street. If you run a lot, maybe three or four time a week, you will definitely stay in shape. After you run, it's very important drink some water. You should drink a little the water before you run and maybe you should drink a little as well when you run, especial if you ran for more than 30 minutes. Naturally, stretches are very important. Most people actually stretch before they run and I like to stretch after I run.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设在英语课上老师给你们欣赏了电影《太空大灌篮》的主题曲I Believe I Can Fly。

这是一首催人奋进的励志歌曲。

请你根据以下要点以“I Believe I Can Fly”为题，用英语写一篇短文，参加某英语杂志社的写作比赛。

内容要点：
1.这首歌告诉我们自信的重要性；
2.自信给人勇气尝试，使人成功；
3.梦想和自信使人勇于面对困难；
4.没有梦想和自信，不会获得成功；
5.你的感悟（考生自拟，至少一点）。

注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.参考词汇：自信— confidence（n）；
3.短文须包括所有要点，不要逐词翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺；
4.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。

_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___
参考答案
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. A
5. D
6. A
7. B
8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C
12. B 13. D 14. A 15. B
16. E 17. B 18. F 19. D 20. C
21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32.
B 33. A 34. A 35. D 36. D 37.
C 38. C 39. A 40. B
41. longer
42. to see 43. dying
44. is 45. than
46. that \which
47. causes 48. strengthen
49. energetic
50. it \running
51.(1).are→is
(2).so→because
(3).some→any
(4).as→for
(5).time→times
(6).在drink前面加to
(7).去掉the
(8).especial→especially
(9).ran→run
(10).and→but
52.略。