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(1) The cup is broken.
2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语 是主动关系，表示主语的状态，只表示动作 的完成。
(2) He is retired.
3. 有些过去分词作表语时，构成的谓语很接近 被动结构。 (3) The city is surrounded on three sides by
(1) I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. (2) He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. (3) Don’t leave those things undone.
过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语 有逻辑上的动宾关系,即被动关系。
“with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构
He stood there silently, moved to tears. = Moved to tears, he stood there silently.
表示时间
• Seen from the top of the hill，our city looks surrounded in the fog． • ＝When it is seen from the top of the hill，our city looks surrounded in the fog． • Once published，the dictionary will be very popular． • ＝Once it is published，the dictionary will be very popular．
observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。 (1) I heard the song sung inEnglish. (2) He found his hometown greatly changed.
2. 表示“致使”意义的动词。如： have, make, get, keep, leave等。
作介词but ,expect ,besides 的宾语，前面又有实意动词 do时，不定式通常省去to
7____everywhere , the wolves had no where D ___themselves .
A Hunting / hiding
C Hunted / hiding
B To hunt / to hide
C Founded
D Founding
A 3 Unless __to speak ,you should remain silent at the conference .
A invited B inviting C being invited D having invited
4A ___,but he still couldn’t understand it .
2. 过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语， 此时应注意人称一致。
(1) Given another hour, I can also work out this problem. (2) Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.
表示伴随:
1. The professor sat there， surrounded by a lot of students．
2. He came back，utterly exhausted．
过去分词作宾语补足语
（一）能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类：
1. 表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see, watch,
过去分词的用法
现在分词: 表示动作是主动的和正在进行 过去分词: 表示动作是被动的和完成
现在分词 形式
一般式
完成式
过去分词 形式
done
having been done
doing
having done
分词在句中可以作表语、定语、宾语补足 语和状语。
过去分词作表语
1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是 被动关系，表示主语的状态，既表示被动， 又表示完成。
C introduce
D being introduced
6 There seemed to be nothing C ___to do but ___for the doctor . A leave / send C left / send B left / to send D leaving / send
过去分词作状语 1. 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语表示被动的和 完成的动作。
(1) Written in a hurry, this article was not so good! (2) Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound.
3. 过去分词作状语来源于状语从句。 (1) Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet . (caught in a heavy rain =Because he was caught in a heavy rain.) (2) Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. ( grown in rich soil =If these seeds are grown in rich soil.)
过去分词作定语
作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是 它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被 动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成。 1. 过去分词用作定语，如果是单个的，常置于其所修饰 的名词之前。
We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.
10. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back. D
A. being tied C. to be tied B. having tied D. tied
11. ___ more attention, the trees could have A grown better.
A He had been told many times
B Having been told many times
C Told many times
D Although he had been told many times 5 When first ___to the market , these products B enjoyed great success . A introducing B introduced
状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保 留连词,有时为了强调时间概念，过去分词之前 可用表示时间的连词，构成“连词＋过去分词” 结构作状语,如when，while等。例如：
When given a medical examination, you should keep calm.
4. 过去分词作状语的位置。过去分词可放在主句 前作句首状语，后面有逗号与主句隔开；也可 放在主句后面，前面有逗号与主句隔开。
（
1D ____ time ,he will make a first-class tennis player . A Having given B To give C Giving D Given 2C ___in 1636 ,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States . A Being founded B It was founded
2. 过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词 之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多 用于书面语中。
The concert given by their friends was a success.
3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定 语，前后常有逗号。
The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero.
A. Given C. Giving B. To give D. Having given
mountains.
过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过 去分词作表语，主要是表示主语的状态， 而被动语态则表示动作。 (1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. (2) The library is now closed. (3) The book is interesting and I'm interested in it.
表示原因: •
Tired out by hard work，he soon fell asleep． —Since he was tired out by hard work，he soon fell asleep．
表示条件:
•
Given more time，we would certainly have finished the job much better． • —If we had been given more time， we would certainly have finished the job much better • Beaten by the opposite team，the players were not discouraged． • ＝Though they were beaten by the opposite team，the players were not discouraged．
9. Mrs. White was glad to see the nurse ___ B after her son and was pleased to see the boy well ___ care of in the nursery.
A. looked; taken C. looked; took B. looking; taken D. looking; taking
•
•
有时为了强调时间概念，过去分词之前可用 表示时间的连词，如when，while等。例如：
When completed，this railway will link Longju to Wuhan． • When told to go to the teachers’ office， the girl began to cry．
D__ morning, the father came into the C lonely house, ___ by his naughty boy.
A. following, following
C. following, followed
B. followed, followed D. followed, following
“with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词 with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、 条件、原因等状语。例如：
1 ） The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. （ 表方式） (2) With water heated, we can see the steam. （表条件） (3) With the matter settled, we all went home. （表原因） (4) She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. （表伴随）
2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语 是主动关系，表示主语的状态，只表示动作 的完成。
(2) He is retired.
3. 有些过去分词作表语时，构成的谓语很接近 被动结构。 (3) The city is surrounded on three sides by
(1) I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. (2) He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. (3) Don’t leave those things undone.
过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语 有逻辑上的动宾关系,即被动关系。
“with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构
He stood there silently, moved to tears. = Moved to tears, he stood there silently.
表示时间
• Seen from the top of the hill，our city looks surrounded in the fog． • ＝When it is seen from the top of the hill，our city looks surrounded in the fog． • Once published，the dictionary will be very popular． • ＝Once it is published，the dictionary will be very popular．
observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。 (1) I heard the song sung inEnglish. (2) He found his hometown greatly changed.
2. 表示“致使”意义的动词。如： have, make, get, keep, leave等。
作介词but ,expect ,besides 的宾语，前面又有实意动词 do时，不定式通常省去to
7____everywhere , the wolves had no where D ___themselves .
A Hunting / hiding
C Hunted / hiding
B To hunt / to hide
C Founded
D Founding
A 3 Unless __to speak ,you should remain silent at the conference .
A invited B inviting C being invited D having invited
4A ___,but he still couldn’t understand it .
2. 过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语， 此时应注意人称一致。
(1) Given another hour, I can also work out this problem. (2) Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.
表示伴随:
1. The professor sat there， surrounded by a lot of students．
2. He came back，utterly exhausted．
过去分词作宾语补足语
（一）能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类：
1. 表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see, watch,
过去分词的用法
现在分词: 表示动作是主动的和正在进行 过去分词: 表示动作是被动的和完成
现在分词 形式
一般式
完成式
过去分词 形式
done
having been done
doing
having done
分词在句中可以作表语、定语、宾语补足 语和状语。
过去分词作表语
1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是 被动关系，表示主语的状态，既表示被动， 又表示完成。
C introduce
D being introduced
6 There seemed to be nothing C ___to do but ___for the doctor . A leave / send C left / send B left / to send D leaving / send
过去分词作状语 1. 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语表示被动的和 完成的动作。
(1) Written in a hurry, this article was not so good! (2) Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound.
3. 过去分词作状语来源于状语从句。 (1) Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet . (caught in a heavy rain =Because he was caught in a heavy rain.) (2) Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. ( grown in rich soil =If these seeds are grown in rich soil.)
过去分词作定语
作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是 它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被 动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成。 1. 过去分词用作定语，如果是单个的，常置于其所修饰 的名词之前。
We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.
10. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back. D
A. being tied C. to be tied B. having tied D. tied
11. ___ more attention, the trees could have A grown better.
A He had been told many times
B Having been told many times
C Told many times
D Although he had been told many times 5 When first ___to the market , these products B enjoyed great success . A introducing B introduced
状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保 留连词,有时为了强调时间概念，过去分词之前 可用表示时间的连词，构成“连词＋过去分词” 结构作状语,如when，while等。例如：
When given a medical examination, you should keep calm.
4. 过去分词作状语的位置。过去分词可放在主句 前作句首状语，后面有逗号与主句隔开；也可 放在主句后面，前面有逗号与主句隔开。
（
1D ____ time ,he will make a first-class tennis player . A Having given B To give C Giving D Given 2C ___in 1636 ,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States . A Being founded B It was founded
2. 过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词 之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多 用于书面语中。
The concert given by their friends was a success.
3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定 语，前后常有逗号。
The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero.
A. Given C. Giving B. To give D. Having given
mountains.
过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过 去分词作表语，主要是表示主语的状态， 而被动语态则表示动作。 (1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. (2) The library is now closed. (3) The book is interesting and I'm interested in it.
表示原因: •
Tired out by hard work，he soon fell asleep． —Since he was tired out by hard work，he soon fell asleep．
表示条件:
•
Given more time，we would certainly have finished the job much better． • —If we had been given more time， we would certainly have finished the job much better • Beaten by the opposite team，the players were not discouraged． • ＝Though they were beaten by the opposite team，the players were not discouraged．
9. Mrs. White was glad to see the nurse ___ B after her son and was pleased to see the boy well ___ care of in the nursery.
A. looked; taken C. looked; took B. looking; taken D. looking; taking
•
•
有时为了强调时间概念，过去分词之前可用 表示时间的连词，如when，while等。例如：
When completed，this railway will link Longju to Wuhan． • When told to go to the teachers’ office， the girl began to cry．
D__ morning, the father came into the C lonely house, ___ by his naughty boy.
A. following, following
C. following, followed
B. followed, followed D. followed, following
“with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词 with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、 条件、原因等状语。例如：
1 ） The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. （ 表方式） (2) With water heated, we can see the steam. （表条件） (3) With the matter settled, we all went home. （表原因） (4) She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. （表伴随）