at-war-with-the-planet
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第9页，共10页。
How does the author illustrate the closed cyclical processes in the ecosphere?
The author again uses the fish as an example. He tries to show that in the closed circular system, everything produced in one part of the cycle goes somewhere and is used in the later step. So there is no such thing as “waste”.
第10页，共10页。
There is
no such
thing
as a free lunch
第2页，共10页。
Para. 10
The second law of ecosphere Everything has to go somewhere
第3页，共10页。
Key words
respire[rɪ'spaɪə]
v. to breathe in and out
第5页，共10页。
mold[məʊld] n. any of various fungi that often cause disintegration of organic matter（能引起 有机物质分解的真菌） e.g. Throw that bread away. It has been kept for so many days, and there is mold on it .
Part IV (10--11) The closed cyclical process of ecosphere and the linear process of technosphere
Para. 10
The closed cyclical process of ecosphere Para. 11
第6页，共10页。
ingest[ɪn'dʒest] v. to take (food) into the stomach e.g. The elephant needs to ingest at least 40kgs of bananas.
digest[daɪ'dʒest; dɪ-] v. to convert food into absorbable substances e.g. I cannot digest milk products.
The linear process of technosphere
第1页，共10页。
Basic laws of the ecosphere
Everything is connected
to everything
else
Everything has to
go somewhere
Nature knows best
第7页，共10页。
r
respired
e
s
p
i
r
e
photo synthetically
第8页，共10页。
Aquatic plants
exc来自ret
e
waste
含氮的 有机化合物废物
metabolized by aquatic bacteria
and molds
nitrate
硝酸盐
Closed circular system
e.g.
She respires when she reaches the top of the hill.
第4页，共10页。
excrete[ɪk'skriːt; ek-] v. to get rid of waste material from your body through your bowels , your skin etc. e.g. The skin excretes sweat. Certain plants excrete a sweet juice, apparently for the sake of eliminating something injurious from their sap.
How does the author illustrate the closed cyclical processes in the ecosphere?
The author again uses the fish as an example. He tries to show that in the closed circular system, everything produced in one part of the cycle goes somewhere and is used in the later step. So there is no such thing as “waste”.
第10页，共10页。
There is
no such
thing
as a free lunch
第2页，共10页。
Para. 10
The second law of ecosphere Everything has to go somewhere
第3页，共10页。
Key words
respire[rɪ'spaɪə]
v. to breathe in and out
第5页，共10页。
mold[məʊld] n. any of various fungi that often cause disintegration of organic matter（能引起 有机物质分解的真菌） e.g. Throw that bread away. It has been kept for so many days, and there is mold on it .
Part IV (10--11) The closed cyclical process of ecosphere and the linear process of technosphere
Para. 10
The closed cyclical process of ecosphere Para. 11
第6页，共10页。
ingest[ɪn'dʒest] v. to take (food) into the stomach e.g. The elephant needs to ingest at least 40kgs of bananas.
digest[daɪ'dʒest; dɪ-] v. to convert food into absorbable substances e.g. I cannot digest milk products.
The linear process of technosphere
第1页，共10页。
Basic laws of the ecosphere
Everything is connected
to everything
else
Everything has to
go somewhere
Nature knows best
第7页，共10页。
r
respired
e
s
p
i
r
e
photo synthetically
第8页，共10页。
Aquatic plants
exc来自ret
e
waste
含氮的 有机化合物废物
metabolized by aquatic bacteria
and molds
nitrate
硝酸盐
Closed circular system
e.g.
She respires when she reaches the top of the hill.
第4页，共10页。
excrete[ɪk'skriːt; ek-] v. to get rid of waste material from your body through your bowels , your skin etc. e.g. The skin excretes sweat. Certain plants excrete a sweet juice, apparently for the sake of eliminating something injurious from their sap.