外研版八年级上学期形容词副词

专题复习——形容词和副词一、考点精讲（一）、形容词：用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。

1、形容词的用法及位置⑴作定语时放在名词的前面，做定语．．．．．．．．．．．．．．。

形容词修饰名词。

⑵作表语时放在连系动词之后，构成系表结构。

如：The idea sounds great.连系动词主要有：①be动词(am, is, are), ②感官动词look(看起来), sound（听起来）, smell（闻起来）, taste（尝起来）, feel（感到，摸起来）③表状态变化的词become, get, grow, come, turn, fall等. ④表持续remain, stay, keep,continue等。

⑤表状态特征appear to be, seem to be 等。

⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。

如：★①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。

如：Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故)②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。

如：He’s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。

)The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里)（二）、副词：用来说明事情发生时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。

*副词的词形副词的词形分单纯性和派生性。

单纯性副词如：today, rather, there, however等等。

派生性副词由形容词加—ly变过来的。

它们的转换方式有：（1）一般由形容词加—ly构成，如：bad—badly, clear—clearly（2）当形容词以—y结尾时，将y改为i再加—ly,如：easy—easily, lucky—luckily而名词加ly通常是形容词，如：friendly, lovely, lively, daily, weekly, motherly等。

（3）有些形容词和副词同形，如：hard, early, late, enough等，既可以作形容词，也可以作副词，如：It’s hard to say what the weather will be like tomorrow.The conductor works hard to satisfy the passengers.*副词在句子中的位置以及作用：★（副词可以修饰动词、形容词或副词，也可放句首修饰整个句子。

）（三）、形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级1、分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。

原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

2、规则变化:(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。

a)直接加-er,-estb)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加-er,-est：c)以不发音的e结尾直接加-r, -st.d)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上-er,-est：(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more / most.3、不规则变化:4、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法：有些形容词，如dead,empty,round,sure,woolen等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。

5、形容词原级、比较级与最高级的特殊用法举例：It is important for us to learn English.It is nice of you to help me. （It is + adj. + for/ of sb. to do. adj表人的品质时用of，adj.表事的性质是用for.）His bike is newer than hers. (见到than 必须用比较级)③Jim is the tallest in our class.(在班集等集体内用介词in来表示比较的范围) Jim is the tallest of all (the students). (见到of all 要用最高级) = Of all the students, Jim is the tallest.④ Jim is the tallest of the three. (见到of the three要用最高级)⑤Which is bigger, a tiger or a monkey ? (两者选择用比较级)⑥Which is the biggest, a tiger, a dog or a monkey ?（三者或三者以上选择用最高级）⑦This ruler is short , Please give me a longer one.⑧I’d like the bigger (one) of the two cakes.（两者中“较……”用“the+比较级”）⑨Tom is two years older than I. 汤姆比我大两岁。

Tom is twice as old as I. 汤姆的年龄是我的两倍。

⑾The number of the students in our school is bigger/larger/smaller than yours.我们学校的学生数目比你们学校大/小。

（两个数量/目只级比较大小，不能比较多少(价格price只能比较高低，用“high”或“low”，不能比较贵或便宜)6、比较级与最高级的互换①Jim is taller than any other boy in our class.(吉姆比我们班上任何一个男孩都高)= Jim is taller than the other boys in our class.(在我们班上吉姆其它的男孩高)= Jim is the tallest boy in our class.（吉姆是我们班最高的）②. Jim is taller than any girl in our class.（吉姆比我们班的任何一个女孩都高）③.Tom isn’t as/so tall as Mike. = Tom is shorter than Mike.= Mike is taller than Tom.④.This book isn’t as/so interesting as that book.=This book is less interesting than that book =That book is more interesting than this book. 7、比较级前常用的修饰语:比较级前常用a bit/a little（一点），much/a lot（非常）,even/far(更加),still等词语表示程度。

而表示数量的more之前还可以加some/ any/ no/ one/ two/ many/ several/ a lot等词。

例如：①She is a little taller than I (me).②Rose is much more careful than Tom..③Would you like some more coffee?(你还要些咖啡吗？)He did not eat any more.(他没有再吃)8、注意事项:1. than必须放在形容词比较级的后面。

2. 形容词的最高级前必须有the, 而副词的最高级前the可以省略。

3. 在进行比较时，必须是同类事物相比较。

①His ruler is longer than I. (错) ②His ruler is longer than mine.(对)①The weather here is hotter than that in Beijing.(that不能少)二、形容词词义辨析(增加)（一）、形容词短语1. 与about搭配be careful about 对…..小心be sure aboutbe crazy about be curious aboutbe worried about be strict about sth. 对某事要求严格与at搭配be surprised at be angry atbe mad at be annoyed at与for搭配be famous for be well-known forbe sorry for be fit for与from 搭配be absent from be different frombe separated from与in 搭配be interested in be weak in be poor in与of 搭配be afraid of be certain ofbe fond of be proud ofbe tired of be short of与to搭配be close to be kind tobe rude to be polite tobe useful to be related tobe similar to1.与with 搭配be angry with be careful withbe busy with be filled withbe satisfied with be pleased withbe happy with be patient withbe strict with sb.（二）ing 形容词和-ed形容词1. surprising 令人惊讶的surprised 感到惊讶的2.interesting有趣的interested感兴趣的3.exciting令人兴奋的excited感到兴奋的4.pleasing令人愉快的pleased感到愉快的5.frightening令人恐惧的frightened感到恐惧的6.moving令人感动的moved受感动的7.amazing令人惊奇的amazed感到惊奇的三、2016真题1. Mr Black’s memory is getting _____. As a result, he often leaves his keys at home.A. olderB. poorerC. greaterD. better2.Don’t hurt him. You will just have to be ____and wait until he finishes the work.A. activeB. carefulC. patientD. famous3._______, Chinese people celebrate the Mid- Autumn Festival by enjoying the full moon and eating moon cakesA. QuicklyB. SuddenlyC. SecretlyD. Traditionally2017年真题( )1. My deskmate is really . She likes to attend different activities after school.A. activeB. quiteC. lazyD. honest( )2. There are many beautiful places to visit in Anhui, Mount Huang in autumn.A. simplyB. finallyC. luckilyD. especially四、随堂巩固( )1. It was __________ weather that they decided to go out for a picnicA. such fineB. such a fineC. so fineD. so fine a( )2. My parents will go there by taxi because it is raining____________.A. badlyB. hardlyC. probablyD. heavily( )3. Daniel is a careful driver, but he drives _______ of my friends.A. more carefullyB. the most carefullyC. less carefullyD. the least carefully( )4. The girl's voice sounds_____. Maybe she can become a good singer when she grows up. A.good B. well C. better D.best( )7. —How are you today, Bob?—I'm even_______now. I don't think the medicine is good for me.A. betterB. worseC. badD. badly( )8. Billy has all kinds of different ideas. He is________to be a famous writer.A.enough creativeB. creative enoughC. energetic enoughD. enough energetic( )9. Helen learns to dance three times a week. Now she dances________Anita does.A. so good asB. as well asC. as good asD. so well as( )10. When the fire broke out, many people were so________that they ran________.A.frightening; wildB. frightened; wildC. frightened; wildlyD. frightening; wildly( )11. The work is too difficult for Mr Zhu to finish in a week. He needs________days.A. more twoB. two otherC. two anotherD. another two( )12. In the Science Museum, the children felt________to see so many________things.A.surprised; amazedB. surprising; amazingC.surprising; amazedD. surprised; amazing( )13. It was ______________ song that I lost myself in it.A. such a beautifulB. so a beautifulC. so beautifulD. such beautiful( )14. Be ________. Make sure not to make the same spelling mistake next time.A. peacefulB. carefulC. helpfulD. thankful( )15. When an earthquake happens, and you are outdoors, you should keep calm and go to an open area as ________as possible.A. slowlyB. quietlyC. widelyD. quickly( )16. I'm much _____ than my two friends, but I jump _____ of us three.A. taller; higherB. shorter; higherC. taller; highestD. shorter; highest( )17. I like the pop star _____ that I never miss his concert.A. very muchB. too muchC. quite much D so much( )18. Lily is ______ hard—working than any other student in her class.A. muchB. moreC. mostD. the most( )19 . Grandma, you must feel _________after cleaning the house. Let's take a rest.A. tiredB. wellC. goodD. angry( )20. Curing sick people is ________ important________ doctors must be careful.A. too, toB. so, thatC. enough, toD. such, that( )21. —John sings so well. Has he ever been trained?—No. He learns all by himself. He____________ goes to any training class.A. usuallyB. oftenC. neverD. even( )22.—Mark speaks English well, but you________ him.—Thank you. .A. speak as bad asB. speak worse thanC. don’t speak so badly asD. speak much better than( )23. Love will ______ last if we love the whole fine things around us.A. seldomB. alwaysC. neverD. sometimes( )24. I'm his best friend. I know him well probably ______ than anyone else.A. lessB. widerC. betterD. deeper( )25. That lady is a vegetarian(素食主义者). She _______ eats meat.A. oftenB. sometimesC. seldomD. usually( )26. Li Lianjie often donates much money to poor people. He is a well—known _____actor.A. creativeB. generousC. modestD. confident( )27．We arrived_________late that there were no seats left．A．much B．too C．so D．very( )28．Of the two T—shirts，I’d choose the_________one to save some money for a book．A．cheapest B．cheaper C．more expensive D．most expensive ( )29. —Was Henry late for the concert yesterday?—No. He got there even ten minutes ___________ than us two.A. earlierB. earliestC. laterD. latest( )30. The question is_________ that nobody can answer it.A. very hardB. too difficultC. strange enoughD. so strange。