2020年郑州市第八中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案解析

2020年郑州市第八中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
WashingtonD.C.Sightseeing
With the information below, you’re not missing anything in D.C.! Click Here to find the perfect hotel for your stay as well.
TheOldTownTrolley Tour
It offers something for the whole family. Not only will it give them something fun to do, but it will give them a history lesson. This tour will last about three hours and it’s proper for people of all ages.
African American History Tour
Be sure to take this tour because African Americans have had an important role in the making of our country. Take this historical four-hour tour, where you will visit some important sites includingMuseumofAfrican American Historyand Culture.
Comedy WalksWashingtonD.C.
This is a great experience allowing you to enjoy the capital in a new way. The walking tour lasts for about one hour and thirty minutes, which takes place in less than a mile journey from the starting place.
D.C. Twilight Tour
Check out the D.C. Twilight Tour for a unique view of some of the most famous sites! What makes this two-hour guided tour truly unique is that you can view many wonderful sites at night time!
1. Which tour is recommended to a tourist who is fond of hiking?
A. TheOldTownTrolley Tour
B. African American History Tour
C. Comedy WalksWashington
D.C. D. D.C. Twilight Tour
2. Which tour lasts longest?
A. TheOldTownTrolley Tour
B. African American History Tour
C. Comedy WalksWashington
D.C. D. D.C. Twilight Tour
3. Where will you read this text most likely?
A. In a guidebook.
B. In a magazine.
C. In a newspaper.
D. On the Internet.
B
“Snowplow(扫雪机) parenting” is the newest parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, calling their college kids to wake them up so that they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.
“‘Helicopter (直升机) parenting’ means monitoring their kids’ every activity,which is out of date.” Claire Cain Miller and Jonah Engel Bromwich wrote in The New York Times. “Some rich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: clearing any problems in their children’s path to success so that they don’t have to meet failure or lose opportunities.”
There is a mother who started a charity in her son’s name to try to raise his chances of being accepted to the college. Another parents spent years helping their daughter avoid foods with sauce, which she didn’t like. Once she got to college, she had problems with the food in her school because it was all covered in sauce.
A survey says that three-quarters of parents of children between the ages of 18 and 28 ask for doctor visits or haircuts for their children, and 11% say they would call their kids’ bosses whether their children are having an issue at work.
As reported, wealthy parents try to get their children into top colleges by giving a large amount of money to a school, such as paying for a building. This parenting has become the most popular way to raise children, whatever the income, education, or race is.
Julie, a teacher at Stanford, told the Times that “snowplow parenting” is not a reasonable approach. “The parents should prepare the kid for the road, instead of preparing the road for the kid,” she said.
4. How does Julie like “snowplow parenting”?
A. It is unreasonable.
B. It is advanced.
C. It is accepted by teachers.
D. It is refused by rich people.
5. What is the character of “helicopter parenting”?
A. Parents make kids popular.
B. Parents provide little money for kids.
C. Parents ask kids to care for themselves.
D. Parents watch over kids’ every activity.
6. What should parents do according to Julie?
A. Do as wealthy parents do.
B. Make kids be prepared.
C. Make roads be prepared.
D. Do as little as possible.
7. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Helicopter Parenting.
B. The Similarity in Parenting.
C. A Research on Parenting.
D. A New Kind of Parenting.
C
You run into the grocery store to quickly pick up your item. You grab what you need and head to the front of the store. After quickly sizing up the check-out lines, you choose the one that looks fastest. You chose wrong. People getting in other lines long after you have already checked out and headed to the parking lot. Why does this seem to always happen to you?
Well, as it turns out, it's just math that is working against you. A grocery store tries to have enough employees at the checkout lines to get all their customers through with minimum delay. But sometimes, like on a Sunday afternoon, they get super busy. Because most grocery stores don't have the physical space to add more checkout lines, their system becomes overburdened. Some small interruption — a price check, a particularly talkative customer — will have downstream effects, holding up the entire line behind them.
If there are three lines at the store, these delays will happen randomly at different registers (收银台). Think about the probability. The chances of your line being that fastest one are only one in three, which means you have a two-thirds chance of not being in the fastest line. So it's not just in your mind: Another line is probably moving faster thanyours.
Now, mathematicians have come up with a good solution, which they call queuing theory, to this problem: Just make all customers stand in one long snaking line, called a serpentine line, and serve each person at the front with the next available register. With three registers, this method is about three times faster on average than the more traditional approach. This is what they do at most banks, Trader Joe's, and some fast-food places. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow everyone down a little bit.
8. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?
A. Queuing in a line.
B. A shopping experience.
C. A rush in the morning.
D. Cutting in a line.
9. According to the article, what may cause delays in checking out?
A. The lack of employees in the grocery store.
B. Some unexpected delays of certain customers.
C. The increasing items bought by customers.
D. A worsening shopping system of the store.
10. What is the solution given by mathematicians?
A. Employing more workers for checking out.
B. Limiting the number of queuing people.
C. Making only one line available.
D. Always standing in the same line.
11. What's the principle behind the queuing theory?
A. To pursue the maximum benefit.
B. To leave success or failure to luck.
C. To avoid the minimum loss.
D. To spread the risk equally among everyone.
D
Did you know that the average child has heard the word "no" over 20,000 times before they turn the age of three? Ironically, it is also around this time that children begin to develop enough personal character to refuse to obey. The "terrible twos" are categorized by a lack of understanding. Somewhere between three and four, children begin to acquire the skills to reason. It is during this time they watch how other children and adults reason. If we're not careful, the children will watch us model a world of "NOs".
By the time a person turns eighteen, how many times have they been told no? I haven't found any studies that even attempted to track this statistic, but I'm sure if the number is 20,000 by three, then at eighteen that number has multiplied. You can do the math.
Anyway, I think I know why we say no. We say no to protect. We say no to direct. We say no to stop potential confusion. However, do we sometimes say no just for the sake of saying no? Do we say no because we have internalized(内在化)all of the "NOs" we've heard over the years and we feel it is finally our time to say no to someone else?
The internalized no can damage the growth process of dreams in infancy as quickly as it can weaken a three-year-old. And we wonder why we run intopeople with big, un-accomplished dreams who have a bit of a chip on their shoulder. They have to take on the 20,000 NOs. However, the thing that keeps them going is the possibility of the power of ONE YES! Just as it only takes one book to make a writer a Pulitzer Prize Winner, it only takes one word to change the course of your day. That word is YES!
12. What do we know about two- year- olds?
A. They understand well.
B. They often say no to others.
C. They think logically.
D. They don't do all they're told.
13. What effect does saying no have on children?
A. They lose all their dreams.
B. They aren't easy to succeed.
C. They don't make mistakes.
D. They never say yes to others.
14. Which word best describes the author's attitude to a world of "NOs"?
A. Tolerant.
B. Disapproving.
C. Favorable.
D. Carefree.
15. What is the text?
A. A how-to guide.
B. A survey report.
C. An opinion essay.
D. A short story.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different color1 s.___16___
According to scientists, fruit color1 s actually come from their different pigments (色素), such as red or yellow carotenoid (类胡萝卜素) and blue or purple anthocyanin (花青素). These pigments appear in different amounts, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color1 ,
___17___They found that red fruit tends to grow in cooler places. Instead of just growing in one place, you can find them growing in many places around the world. Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warm places._____18_____The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator, the darker its color1 will be.
___19___Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. However, animals see color1 s in a different way. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develops color1 s that are easy for animals to see. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can.___20___The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red-green color1 blind. Many yellow fruit can be found in their habitats, as they can easily see this color1 .
A. Why do different kinds of fruit have so many color1 s?
B. Animals have also had an impact on the evolution of fruit color1 s.
C. How does temperature influence fruit color1 s?
D. However, a darker color1 doesn’t mean a better kind of fruit.
E.These fruits tend to grow a lot it just one specific area.
F. So there tends to be more red fruit in areas where birds live.
G. Scientists studied more than 280 different fruit color1 s to find out how environment affects fruit color1 s.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Draper, the owner of a secondhand bookstore,was sorting through a pile of old books when an envelop fell from one. Inside was an undated____21____and a faded photo of a woman holding a little girl on her lap. The letter said if Bethany was____22____it, it meant the author had died.
Tears were welling up in Draper’s eyes. These were a____23____woman’s last words to her child. He had to____24____Bethany. “Whoever it is will____25____this,” he thought. “You wouldn’t____26____a letter like that.”
He supposed if the____27____ended up in his shop then Bethany was likely from around Bishop Auckland. And he thought he____28____recognized the little girl’s face. Even if she’d since left the area, there might be someone in town who would recognize the____29____.
He started with the local newspaper. The Northern Echo ran the story of the_____30_____letter.
_____31_____, Bethany Gash, now 21 and a(n)_____32_____herself, was on Facebook about 10 miles away when a close friend messaged her to check out the_____33_____. As she read her mother’s_____34_____, which she thought had been lost forever, she said she thought she must be_____35_____.
Gash was only 4 when her mother_____36_____. Five years later, her family moved to a new home and the letter, put away in the pages of a book for safe keeping, was unintentionally_____37_____.
She remembers unpacking and looking for the letter, and then_____38_____searching through everything in hopes that it was there. “That’s when I realized it was_____39_____gone by now and I’d never see it again,” she said.
Draper_____40_____the letter in person. He also brought her a children’s book for her son. Gash was greatly moved to have the letter back, and also touched by the stranger’s kindness.
21. A. message B. email C. postcard D. letter
22. A. reading B. destroying C. forgetting D. copying
23. A. determined B. kind C. selfish D. dying
24. A. find B. introduce C. phone D. comfort
25. A. understand B. avoid C. want D. like
26. A. tear open B. cut up C. throw away D. pull out
27. A. girl B. book C. reporter D. news
28. A. hardly B. actually C. unfortunately D. accidentally
29. A. author B. teacher C. picture D. stranger
30. A. lost B. valuable C. wet D. broken
31. A. Meanwhile B. Therefore C. However D. Eventually
32. A. editor B. mother C. daughter D. assistant
33. A. ticket B. magazine C. article D. homework
34. A. vocabularies B. terms C. languages D. words
35. A. writing B. joking C. playing D. dreaming
36. A. came back B. passed away C. died out D. calmed down
37. A. donated B. burned C. dirtied D. robbed
38. A. secretly B. suddenly C. madly D. regularly
39. A. almost B. never C. still D. long
40. A. kept B. delivered C. composed D. published
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
A shark that walks in water, instead of swimming might sound like a creature from a science fiction film. However, that is___41.___four new species of sharks move across the seafloor. They___42.___(discover) by a team of scientists during a 12-year study, led by Dr. Dudgeon from Australia's University of Queensland. The species___43.___(find) in the tropical waters near Australia belong to Herriiscylliurri, the same family as the previously known five species. The sharks have evolved___44.___(survive) in low-oxygen environments. The researchers hold the belief that___45.___ability to use fins to walk across the water gives the sharks a great advantage___46.___the smaller animals they hunt. A DNA analysis of skin samples from the live sharks offers___47.___(evident) that walking sharks broke away from their gliding brothers and sisters___48.___(million) of years ago and gradually became a___49.___(complete) different species. Dudgeon and her team believe walking sharks are the____50.____(young) kind of sharks on Earth!
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中有10处语言错误。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（︿），并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

While in the three grade, I got to like the library in my hometown and the gently librarian. And it occupied a place in my heart since then. I used to spend most of my spare time in a library every weekend. At first I could only chose to read children’s books. Later on, I became interested foreign classic work, which greatly broadened my horizons. Having read plenty of books, and I tried writing articles and contributing them to magazines. I still remember how thrilled it was to see one of my articles publishing in a magazine. It is reading books and writing articles, I think, that adds more pleasure to my life.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你是李华，你的爱尔兰笔友Martin即将作为交换生来你校学习，担心不太适应中国的生活。

请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.给出建议(至少2条)；
3.表达祝愿。

注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考答案
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. A
5. D
6. B
7. D
8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D
12. D 13. B 14. B 15. C
16. A 17. G 18. E 19. B 20. F
21. D 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. A 32.
B 33.
C 34.
D 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B
41. how
42. were discovered
43. found 44. to survive
45. the 46. over
47. evidence
48. millions
49. completely
50. youngest
51.(1).three→third
(2). gently→gentle
(3).it后加has
(4).a→the
(5).chose→choose
(6).work→works
(7).去掉and
(8). thrilled→thrilling
(9). publishing→published
(10).adds→add
52.略。