人教版高中英语必修四学练测精练：Unit 2 Working the land Section Ⅰ含答案

Unit 2 Working the land
Section ⅠWarming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
You're in a bit of a dilemma standing in front of the produce section of your local supermarket. In one hand, you're holding a conventionally grown Granny Smith apple. In your other hand, you have one that's been organically grown. Both apples are firm, shiny and green. Both provide vitamins and fiber, and both are free of fat, sodium and cholesterol.
The conventionally grown apple costs less and is a proven family favorite. But the orga nic apple has a label that says “USDA Organic”. Does that mean it's better? Safer? More nutritious? Become a better informed consumer for your next trip to the supermarket. Several differences between organic and non-organic foods exist. The word “organic” refers to the way farmers grow and process agricultural products, such as fruits, vegetables, grains, dairy products and meat. Organic farming practices are designed to encourage soil and water conservation and reduce pollution. Farmers who grow organic produce and meat don't use conventional methods to fertilize, control weeds or prevent livestock disease.
Here are other differences between conventional farming and organic farming：
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has established an organic certification program that requires all organic foods to meet strict government standards. These standards regulate how such foods are grown, handled and processed. Any farmer or food manufacturer who labels and sells a product as organic must be USDA certified as meeting these standards. Only producers who sell less than $ 5，000 a year in organic foods are exempt (免除) from this certification.
If a food bears a USDA Organic label, it means it's produced and processed according to the USDA standards. The seal is voluntary, but many organic producers use it.
【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。

“有机食品”一词对我们来说耳熟能详。

但有机食物和普通的食物在农业生产过程中到底有怎样的差异，并不是每一个人都很清楚。

1．The main purpose of the passage is to________．
A．promote the sales of organic foods
B．inform people that organic foods are better for their health
C．compare conventional and organic foods
D．persuade people to become informed consumers
【解析】选C主旨大意题。

该题目实际上是在考查文章是围绕什么内容展开的。

文章的第一段就提出了“conventional apple”和“organic apple”的不同概念，下文就这两种事物进行了对比，故该文章的写作目的是告诉人们传统食品与有机食品的差别。

2．According to the passage, organic farming is intended to________.
A．improve the quality of the soil and water
B．take the place of the traditional agriculture entirely
C．prevent livestock from getting disease more effectively
D．adopt environmentally­friendly methods to grow plants and feed animals
【解析】选D细节理解题。

文章表格中对有机农业和传统农业做法的对比体现了有机农业的优势：在对环境有益的基础上生产健康的食品。

由此可知，有机农业旨在通过对环境有益的方法进行生产。

3．Which of the following methods belongs to organic farming?
A．Using chemicals to kill insects and prevent disease.
B．Using rotted plants as fertilizers to promote plant growth.
C．Using growth hormones to speed up animals' growth.
D．Using pests to reduce insects and disease.
【解析】选B细节理解题。

根据表格右栏中的“Apply natural fertilizers to feed soil and plants.”可知，B项正确。

4．From the passage we know the organic certification program________．
A．is not meant for produce of all producers
B．makes it a must to attach a USDA Organic label
C．sets restrictions on the sales of organic produce
D．requires all foods to satisfy the strict government standards
【解析】选A细节理解题。

根据最后一段可知，并非所有农产品的生产商都要给他们的产品进行有机认证。

B
Gwendolyn Brooks was the first African American to win a Pulitzer Prize for Literature. Gwendolyn Brooks wrote hundreds of poems during her lifetime. She had more than 20 books published. She was known around the world for using poetry to increase understanding about black culture in America.
Her poems described conditions among the poor, racial inequality and drug use in the black community. She also wrote poems about the struggles of black women. But her skill was more than her ability to write about struggling black people. She was
an expert at the language of poetry. She combined traditional European poetry styles with the African American experience.
In her early poetry, Gwendolyn Brooks wrote about the South Side of Chicago. The South Side of Chicago is where many black people live. In her poems, the South Side is called Bronzeville. It was A Street in Bronze v ille that gained the attention of literary experts in 1945. Critics praised her poetic skill and her powerful descriptions about the black experience during the time. The Bronzeville poems were her first published collection.
In 1950, Gwendolyn Brooks became the first African American to win the Pulitzer Prize for Literature. She won the prize for her second book of poems called Annie Allen. Annie Allen is a collection of poetry about the life of a Bronzeville girl as a daughter, a wife and mother. She experiences loneliness, loss, death and being poor. Ms. Brooks said that winning the prize changed her life.
Her next work was a novel written in 1953 called Maud Martha. Maud Martha received little notice when it was first published. But now it is considered an important work by some critics. Its main ideas about the difficult life of many women are popular among female writers today.
In some of her poems, Gwendolyn Brooks described how what people see in life is affected by who they are. One example is this poem, Corners on the Cur v ing Sky.
By the end of the 1960s, Gwendolyn Brooks's poetry expanded from the everyday experiences of people in Bronzeville. She wrote about a wider world and dealt with important political issues.
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了非裔美国女诗人Gwendolyn Brooks在诗歌文学上的成就和贡献。

5．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．The life of Gwendolyn Brooks's.
B．The poems of Gwendolyn Brooks's.
C．The understanding about black culture.
D．The struggle of black women.
【解析】选B主旨大意题。

根据第一段和其余各段的段首可知，本文主要讲了非裔美国女诗人Gwendolyn Brooks在诗歌文学上的成就和贡献。

6．What can we learn about Gwendolyn Brooks's from the second paragraph?
A．She mainly wrote about struggles of black women.
B．She was good at using the language of poetry.
C．Her writing skills were a little worse than her ability.
D．Her poems were mainly about the African experience.
【解析】选B细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“She was an expert at the language of poetry.”可知，Gwendolyn Brooks是诗歌语言的专家。

7．The author develops the passage mainly by_________．
A．providing examples B．using statistics
C．comparing opinions D．describing her experiences
【解析】选A写作手法题。

文中第三至第六段分别列举了Gwendolyn Brooks的一些作品，如诗歌Annie Allen，Corners on the Cur v ing Sky和小说Maud Martha。

故作者主要是用举例法来行文的。

8．In the next part, the author would most probably talk about_________．
A．the difficulties Gwendolyn Brooks's would meet
B．the poems related to political issues
C．the award Gwendolyn Brooks had gained
D．the racial inequality the black had to face
【解析】选B推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后一句可知，Gwendolyn Brooks 的诗歌中涉及政治问题，故接下来最有可能讲的是与政治问题有关的诗歌，故B 项正确。

Ⅱ.语法填空
Tuan was a farmer. For decades, he 1.________ (struggle) to rid his family 2.________ hunger. However，3.________ always confused him 4.________ to expand the output of his crops. This 5.________ (disturb) problem led to his regretting being a farmer. He would rather have chosen another job.
One day, when 6.________ (skim) through a newspaper, Tuan read a comment on Yuan Longping. He underlined Yuan's nationality and occupation, and then focused
on his discovery and the statistics of his research. He found the knowledge Yuan circulated very 7.________ (practice). Therefore, he made a summary and began to build up a new farming method. He planted super grain of rich nutrition and equipped 8.________ (him) to keep his crops roots free from bacteria and pests. He also enriched minerals in the soil while reducing chemical fertilizers. Though it cost him more time and freedom, he was full of hope.
The next year, Tuan was sunburnt but 9.________ (satisfy) with his production very much. 10________ (thank) to Yuan Longping, he not only won the battle against hunger, but he could also export his crops abroad.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一位农民受到袁隆平的激励而努力研制农业新品种，提高农作物产量的故事。

1．【解析】根据For decades和was可知，应用过去完成进行时。

【答案】had been struggling
2．【解析】rid sb. of ...“摆脱，除去”。

【答案】of
3．【解析】it为形式主语。

【答案】it
4．【解析】“how to expand the output of his crops”是真正的主语。

【答案】how
5．【解析】用形容词来修饰后面的名词problem，意为“令人烦恼的”。

【答案】disturbing
6．【解析】此处为状语从句的省略，补全句子为“when (he was) skimming ...”。

【答案】skimming
7．【解析】形容词practical作宾语knowledge的补足语。

【答案】practical
8．【解析】和主语He为同一人，此处用反身代词加强语气。

【答案】himself
9．【解析】be satisfied with“对……满意”。

【答案】satisfied
10．【解析】Thanks to“由于，多亏了”。

【答案】Thanks
1．dilemma n．困境；窘境2．conventionally ad v.传统地3．organically ad v.有机地4．label n．标签5．fertilize v．使肥沃6．livestock n．家畜7．regulate v．指导8．voluntary adj.自愿的
The U．S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has established an organic certification program that requires all organic foods to meet strict government standards.
[分析]关系代词that在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词program。

[翻译]美国农业部已经制定了一个有机认证计划，它要求所有的有机食品都要满足严格的政府要求。