2020-2021年中考英语语法填空知识点总结1

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2020-2021年中考英语语法填空知识点总结1
一、初三中考语法填空(含答案详细解析)
1.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

About ten years ago when I was at university, I worked at my university's museum. One day ________ I was working in the gift shop, I saw two old people come ________ with a little girl in a wheelchair (轮椅).
As I looked closer ________ this girl, I realized she had no arms or legs, just a head, neck and body. She was ________ (wear) a little white dress. When the old people pushed her up to me, I was looking down at the desk. I turned my head and gave ________ (she) a smile. As I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back at the girl, who was giving me the cutest, ________ (happy) smile I had ever seen.
Just at that ________ , her physical handicap (生理缺陷)was gone. All I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just impressed me ________ almost gave me a completely new idea of what life is all about. She took me from a poor, unhappy university student and brought me into her world, a world of smiles and love.
That was ten years ago. I'm a ________ (success) business person now and whenever I feel frustrated and think about the trouble of the world, I will think of that little girl and the unusual lesson about life that she ________ (teach) me.
【答案】when/while;in;at;wearing;her;the happiest;time/moment;and;successful;taught
【解析】【分析】文章大意:大学期间遇到的一个坐轮椅的小女孩,她的可爱的乐观的微笑改变了我的人生观。

十多年以来,她的微笑始终激励着我。

(1)句意:有一天,我在礼品店工作时,看到两个老人带着一个坐轮椅的小女孩进来。

分析句式结构可知,I was working in the gift shop是一个时间状语从句,要用when或while 来引导;第一空格故填when或while;因I was working in the gift shop,因此two old people需要进来,我才能看到。

固定短语come in,进来,第二个空格故填in。

(2)句意:当我走近这个女孩时,我发现她没有胳膊或腿,只有头、脖子和身体。

根据后面语句I realized she had no arms or legs, just a head, neck and body. 可知,我近距离地看到了这个小女孩。

固定短语look at,看到,故填at。

(3)句意:她穿着一件白色的小裙子。

wear,穿,动词,根据前面的was可知,此句要用过去进行时,故填wearing。

(4)句意:我转过头对她笑了笑。

she,人称代词主格,她;固定短语give sb. sth.给某人某物,人称代词作give的宾语要用宾格,故填her。

(5)句意:她给了我一个我所见过的最可爱、最快乐的微笑。

happy,开心,快乐。

根据语句中的the cutest与I had ever seen可知此空要用最高级,故填the happiest。

(6)句意:就在那时,她的生理缺陷消失了。

固定短语at that time,at that moment,在那时,故填time或moment。

(7)句意:我看到的只是一个美丽的女孩,她的微笑给我留下了深刻的印象,几乎让我对生活的意义有了全新的认识。

分析句式结构impressed me与almost gave me a,……是小
女孩的微笑给我的影响,二者表示并列,故填and。

(8)句意:我现在是一个成功的商人。

success,名词,成功。

根据语境中的business person可知此空需要形容词,故填successful。

(9)句意:每当我感到沮丧,想到世界上的麻烦时,我就会想起那个小女孩,以及她教给我的关于生活的不寻常的教训。

teach,动词,教。

根据语境可知此句要用过去时,故填taught。

【点评】考查语法填空。

答题时要跳过空格通读全文,了解大意,然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答,注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素,最后通读一遍,并逐一验证。

2.He was ________ (mention) in the letter.
【答案】 mentioned
【解析】【分析】句意:他在这封信里被提到了。

mention是及物动词,根据句子机构可知是被动语态,be已经给出,行为动词使用过去分词mentioned,故答案是mentioned。

【点评】考查一般过去时,注意动词过去式的变化规则。

3.语法填空
The British love sending text messages. They________(send)more than 2.5 billion messages every month. And most people now understand the language of text, with its numbers and missing letters. In fact, when a student at a Scottish school wrote the whole article "in txt", his/her teacher________(give)him/her "C+4 f4t"("C+for effort").
Although texting is a cheap way of________in touch with your friends, it can also bring problems. In 2005, a British teenager became the________(one)person in the world to receive treatment for an addiction(沉)to text messaging. In one year, the nineteen-year-old spent about £4, 5005________ texts.
For some people, text messaging has ________(change)their lives. For example, James Trusler from Sussex in England travels around the world taking part in texting competitions and TV shows. He's the world's________(fast)texter and recently set a new world record while he________(appear)on Australian TV. He texted, "The razor-toothed piranhas of the genera Serraslmus and Pygocentrus are the most ferocious freshwater fish in the world. In reality they seldom attack humans."________took him 67 seconds. James sends a lot of text messages-about 2, 500 a month. But he doesn't get big bills ________(because)he works for a large mobile phone company!
【答案】 send;gave;staying;first;on;changed;fastest;was appearing;It;because 【解析】【分析】这篇短文讲述的是在英国很多人喜欢发短信,在发短信时使用的一些数字和省略的单词形式,现在很多人也都能看明白了。

发短信是一种比较便宜的方式,但同时也能带来问题,它甚至还改变了一些人的生活。

(1)句意:英国人喜欢发短信。

他们每月发送超过25亿条短信。

根据every month,可知时态是一般现在时,主语是they复数,故谓语是动词原形,故填send。

(2)句意:事实上,当苏格兰学校里的一个学生在整篇文章里写文本语言的时候,他的老师会给他一个C+ for effort(这也是一种文本语言)。

根据when a student at a Scottish school wrote 可知从句时态是一般过去时,give的过去式是gave,故填gave。

(3)句意:虽然发短信是一个和你的朋友们保持联系的比较便宜的方式,但是它也能带来问题。

stay in touch with,固定搭配,与......保持联系,of是介词其后是动名词,故填staying。

(4)句意:句意:在2005年,英国的一个青少年成为了世界上第一个因为沉溺于发短信而接受治疗的人。

根据the定冠词可知此处是序数词,first,第一,是序数词,故填first。

(5)句意:在一年里,一个19岁的青少年在发短信上花费了4,500英镑。

spend +金钱+on sth.,在某事上花费多少钱,故填on。

(6)句意:对于一些人们来说,发短信改变了他们的生活。

change是一个动词根据助动词has,可知时态是是现在完成时,故填changed。

(7)句意:他是世界上发短信最快的人。

根据 the world's 可知是最高级的标志,fastest,最快的,故填fastest。

(8)句意:最近他在参加澳大利亚的一个电视节目的时候,又创造了一个新的世界纪录。

根据while可知用过去进行时表示动作的持续,主语是he,助动词是was,故填was appearing。

(9)句意:只花费了他67秒的时间就发送了一篇短信。

It takes sb. +一段时间+to do sth,花费某人时间做某事,It是一个形式主语,故填It。

(10)句意:但是他不用付大额的账单,因为他在一个大型的手机公司工作。

James是世界上发短信最快的人,他发短信不用付账,这是因为他在手机公司工作,表示的是原因,because,因为,故填because。

【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,语态,非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。

4.语法填空
I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. Because of his great achievements, he was thought to be more creative than the common person. When he ________(ask)why he was able to do this, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with his mother when he was about three years old." I ________(try)to get a bottle of milk from the fridge when I dropped the bottle and it fell. spilling(滋出)the milk all over the floor-a sea of milk!I was frightened and I didn't know what to do!" he said.
His mother heard the noise and got into the kitchen. "I ________(consider)how to explain all this to you. Mum." he said. Instead of ________him, she said. "Robert, what a great mess you have made! I ________(not see)such a huge sea of milk before! Well, since the milk has already been spilled, would you like ________(play)in the milk for a while? We ________(clean)it up after that." Then, he did so. After a few minutes. His mother said. "You know. Robert. whenever you ________a mess like this, finally you have to clean it up." He used a
sponge(海绵)and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.
His mother then said. "You know, we ________how to successfully carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands just now. Let's go to the yard and fill the bottle with water to see if you ________(discover)a way to carry it." Then the little boy learned that if he grasped (抓紧)the bottle at the top with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it.
What a wonderful lesson!
【答案】was asked;was trying;am considering;punishing;haven't seen;to play;will clean;make;failed;can discover
【解析】【分析】大意:本文讲述一位著名科学家的故事,作者从冰箱里拿牛奶时,不小心把奶瓶掉下地了,牛奶溅到到处都是,但是他妈妈并没有因此惩罚他,而是借此教育了他,他学会了如果他抓紧瓶子顶部,他便可以把它拿起而不会掉下它。

(1)句意:当他被问为什么他会这样做,他给了答案。

根据was,可知用过去时,ask 问,he和ask之间是被动关系,用过去时的被动语态,其结构为be+过去分词,主语是he,be动词用was,ask的过去分词是asked,故填was asked。

(2)句意:我正在努力从冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶的时候,突然我落下的瓶子,并且它掉了下来。

此处表示我正在努力去牛奶的时候,恰好这时另一件事发生了,主句用过去将来时,主语是I,be动词用was,故填was trying。

(3)句意:他说“妈妈,我正在考虑怎样向你解释整个这件事。

”consider考虑,动词,他妈妈金厨房时,他正在考虑怎样向妈妈解释,直接引语用现在进行时,其结构为be+现在分词,主语是I,be动词用am,consider的现在分词是considering,故填am considering。

(4)句意:没有惩罚他,她说。

“罗伯特,你搞得多么乱啊!我以前没有看见如此多的牛奶。

根据常识,一般弄掉了牛奶,应该会受到惩罚,但是主人公的母亲并没有惩罚他,punish惩罚,动词,instead of后接动名词,punish的动名词是punishing,故填punishing。

(5)句意:没有惩罚他,她说。

“罗伯特,你搞得多么乱啊!我以前没有看见如此多的牛奶。

see看见,描述过去的动作对现在造成影响,用现在完成时,其结构为have+过去分词,根据not,可知用否定句,主语是I,构成否定句要借助助动词haven't,see的过去分词是seen,故填haven't seen。

(6)句意:因为牛奶已经被溅出,你想玩一会儿牛奶吗?would like to do sth想做某事,play玩,故填to play。

(7)句意:我们然后将会把它打扫干净。

描述将要发生的事情,用一般将来时,其结构为will+动词原形,clean打扫,故填will clean。

(8)句意:无论什么时候你向这样搞得乱七八糟,最终你必须打扫干净。

make a mess搞得乱七八糟,固定搭配,描述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语是you,动词用原形,故填make。

(9)句意:他妈妈然后说。

”你知道,我们刚才不能用两个小手成功的拿两个大奶瓶。

由于寻找拿奶瓶的方法,可知不能用小手拿起奶瓶,用fail,失败,fail to do sth不能做某事/失败做某事,根据just now可知,用一般过去时,fail的过去式是failed,故填failed。

(10)句意:我们一起去院子里用水装满这个瓶子看是否你能发现一种拿它的方法。

用水
填瓶子的目的是看是否可以发现拿它的方法,discover发现,can可以,能,此次用can discover,可以发现,故填can discover。

【点评】考查语法填空。

首先理解文章大意,答题的过程中,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素,最后得出正确的答案。

5.语法填空
Last night I went to a concert of Chinese folk music. ________ piece which was played on the echo especially moved me. I was made________(feel)sad and painful ________(strong).The piece ________(name)Erquan Yingyue, but it was one of ________(move)pieces of music that I've ever heard. The echo sounded so sad ________ I almost cried along with it as I listened. Abing, ________ was a folk musician, wrote the music. He could play many musical ________(instrument) with his father's help. By age 17, he was known ________ his musical skills. Today, Abing's Erquan Yingyue is a piece which all the greatest echo masters play and praise. It ________(become)one of China's national treasures.
【答案】 The;to feel;strongly;was named;the most moving;that;who;instruments;for;has become
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者对二泉映月这首曲子的感受和了解。

(1)句意:回声中播放的那首曲子尤其打动我。

根据which was played on the echo可知做piece的后置定语,故piece表示特指用定冠词,位于句首首字母大写,故填The。

(2)句意:我强烈地感到悲伤和痛苦。

was made to do,固定搭配,被迫做,故填to feel。

(3)句意:我强烈地感到悲伤和痛苦。

副词修饰动词feel,strongly,是副词,强烈地,故填strongly。

(4)句意:这首曲子叫二泉映月,但它是我听过的最动人的乐章之一。

name和piece是被动关系,描述过去用一般过去时,主语是piece名词单数故助动词是was,故填was。

(5)句意:这首曲子叫二泉映月,但它是我听过的最动人的乐章之一。

one of是最高级的标志,was是系动词其后是形容词,修饰物用ing结尾的形容词,故此处是moving是多音节单词,最高级是the most+moving的形式,故填the most moving。

(6)句意:回声听起来如此悲伤,我听着几乎要哭了。

so...that,固定搭配,如此……以至于,引导结果状语从句,故填that。

(7)句意:阿炳是一名民间音乐家,他创作了这首音乐。

定语从句中缺少主语指代人阿炳故用who,故填who。

(8)句意:在他父亲的帮助下,他可以演奏许多乐器。

many修饰名词复数,故填instruments。

(9)句意:到17岁时,他的音乐技能已经广为人知。

be known for,固定搭配,因……而出名,故填for。

(10)句意:它成为中国的国宝之一。

现在完成时表示对现在的影响,或现在的结果,主语是it第三人称单数,故助动词是has,故填has become。

【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,语态,非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用
法。

6.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

In Britain you aren't allowed ________ (drive) a car until you are seventeen. You have to get a special driving license ________ you can drive, When you're learning, someone with a full license always has to be in the car ________ you. You aren't allowed to drive the car on the road alone.
You don't have to go to a driving school. A friend can teach you. The person who teaches you isn't allowed to take money ________ the lesson unless he has got a teacher s license.
You have to take a ________ (drive) test to have a full license. If you don't pass the test, you will be allowed to take it again a few weeks later if you want to. In 1970, a woman passed her ________ (forty)test after 212 driving lessons! When you have passed your test, you are allowed to go on driving as long ________ you like, if you are ________ (health). Britain's ________ (old) driver was a man who drove in 1974 at the age of 100. Before 1904, everyone was allowed to drive, even ________ (child). From then on car drivers must have licenses.
【答案】 to drive;before;with;for;driving;fortieth;as;healthy;oldest;children 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了英国在开车上路之前考取驾照的情况。

(1)句意:在英国,直到17岁你才被允许开车。

be allowed to do,固定搭配,允许做某事,故此处是不定式,故填 to drive。

(2)句意:你必须得到一张特殊的驾驶执照才能开车。

根据常识,开车前要考驾照,之前before,故填before。

(3)句意:当你学习的时候,一个有驾照的人总是必须在你的车里和你在一起。

根据has to be in the car可知是和某人在车里,是介词,with,故填with。

(4)句意:除非有教师执照,否则教你的人不允许为了钱上课。

for,介词表示目的,为了,故填for。

(5)句意:必须参加驾驶考试才能获得驾照。

test是名词其前是形容词,此处是动名词做定语,表示用途,故填driving。

(6)句意:1970年,一名女子经过212节驾驶课,通过了第40次考试!根据限定词her 可知此处是序数词,forty是基数词,fortieth是序数词,故填fortieth。

(7)句意:如果你健康,当你通过考试后,只要你喜欢你可以继续驾驶。

as long as,固定搭配,只要,故填as。

(8)句意:如果你健康,当你通过考试后,只要你喜欢你可以继续驾驶。

are系动词后是形容词,health是名词,healthy是系动词,故填healthy。

(9)句意:英国最老的司机是1974年100岁时开车的人。

driver是名词其前是形容词,此处根据100岁可知是最老的司机,用形容词最高级,故填oldest。

(10)句意:1904年以前,每个人都被允许开车,甚至是小孩。

此处是名词复数表示泛指,child的复数是children,故填children。

【点评】考查语法填空,注意非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。

7.阅读下面短文,在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

每空1个单词。

Dear Ms. Zhang,
Last week, my friend Liu Lei came round with a new computer game and asked to play it on my dad's computer. I was worried, ________(连词)I should ask my dad before I use his computer. He uses it for ________(he) work, and I can only use it for my homework. The reason is that he thinks something will go wrong if I play ________(game) on it.
Well, while my dad was out, we decided to ________(try) out Liu Lei's game. We copied it to the computer, and after we finished ________(play), we took it off the computer. However, when I________(start) the computer again to check if everything was OK, some of my dad's documents were missing. Then, when my dad used the computer last night, he was ________ (real) angry. He could no longer find the important documents anywhere.
I did not tell him about________(冠词)computer game because I did not want him to be angry ________(介词)me. Now I feel terrible. I am not sure whether a computer repair ________(shop) can get the documents back. Should I tell him about the computer game?
Should I pay to repair it?
Your student,
Feng Guoxing 【答案】 because/since/as;his;games;try;playing;started;really;the;with;shop 【解析】【分析】大意:短文主要介绍了学生Feng Guoxin在他爸爸的电脑上打游戏,结果导致了一些重要文件的丢失。

爸爸很生气,因此Feng Guoxin不知道是否该向爸爸坦白游戏的事,他为此烦恼并向张老师倾诉。

(1)句意:我很担心,因为我在使用电脑之前应该问一下我爸爸。

根据I was worried我很担心,可知是因为我在使用电脑之前应该问一下我爸爸,应用连词because/since/as表“因为”。

故答案为 because/since/as 。

(2)句意:他用电脑来工作。

根据形容词修饰名词,可知此处应用he的形容词性物主代词his来修饰名词work。

故答案为his。

(3)句意:如果我在上面玩游戏。

根据前面无不定冠词和单数限定词,可知此处应用名词game的复数形式games。

故答案为games。

(4)句意:我们决定试试刘磊的游戏。

根据固定搭配decide to do sth.决定去做某事,可知此处应用动词try的原形。

故答案为try。

(5)句意:在我们玩完游戏之后。

根据固定搭配finish doing sth.完成做某事,可知此处应用动词play的ing形式playing。

故答案为playing。

(6)句意:然而,当我重启电脑去检查一切是否正常的时候,我爸爸的一些重要文件不见了。

根据上文谓语took,可知动作为过去发生,本句时态应为一般过去时,此处应用动词start的过去式started。

故答案为started。

(7)句意:他真的很生气。

根据副词修饰形容词,可知此处应用形容词real的副词形式really修饰形容词angry。

故答案为really。

(8)句意:我没有告诉他关于电脑游戏的事。

根据computer game电脑游戏,可知此处特指刘磊的电脑游戏,表特指应用定冠词the。

故答案为the。

(9)句意:因为我不想他对我生气。

根据固定搭配be angry with sb.对某人生气,可知此处应用介词with。

故答案为with。

(10)句意:我不确定电脑维修店能不能找回不见的文件。

根据不定冠词a,可知此处应用可数名词单数shop。

故答案为shop。

【点评】考查语法填空,注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。

8.语法填空
The Chinese first ________ (make)paper about 2,000 years ago. China still has pieces ________paper which were made as long ago as that. But Chinese paper was not made from the wood of trees. It was made from the hair-like parts of certain plants.
Paper was not made in ________ (south)Europe until about the year 1100. Scandinavia (斯堪的纳维亚半岛),which now makes a great deal of the ________ (world) paper, did not begin to make it until 1500. It was a German ________ (name) Schaeffer who found out that one could make the best paper from trees. After that, the forest countries of Sweden, Norway, Finland, and the United States ________ (become)the largest paper producers. Today in Finland, which makes the ________ (good) paper in the world, the paper industry is the biggest on the land. New papermaking machines are very big, and ________ (them) make paper very fast. The biggest machines can make a piece of paper that is 300 metres long and 6 metres wide ________ one minute.
When we think of paper, we think of newspapers, books, letters, envelopes and writing paper. ________there are many other uses. Only half of the paper that is made is used for books and newspapers, etc.
【答案】 made;of;southern;world's;named;became;best;they;in;But
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了全世界的造纸工艺。

(1)句意:大约2000年前中国制造了第一张纸。

根据2,000 years ago可知2000年前是一般过去时的标志,make的过去式是made,故填made。

(2)句意:中国仍然有在那之前制作的纸。

pieces of,固定搭配,张,故填of。

(3)句意:直到大约1100年,纸才在南欧制造出来。

Europe是名词其前是形容词,south是名词,southern是形容词,故填 southern。

(4)句意:斯堪的纳维亚半岛现在在世界报纸上占有很大份额,直到1500年才开始发行。

paper是名词,此处是所有格,故填 world's。

(5)句意:是一个叫谢弗的德国人发现人们可以用树做最好的纸。

name和German是被动关系,故用过去分词做后置定语,故填 named。

(6)句意:此后,森林国家瑞典、挪威、芬兰和美国成为最大的纸张生产国。

描述过去用一般现在时,become的过去式是became,故填 became。

(7)句意:今天,在世界上造纸最好的是芬兰,造纸工业是世界上最大的。

根据the biggest on the land可知此处是最高级,good的最高级是best,故填 best。

(8)句意:新的造纸机很大,而且造纸很快。

此处缺少主语,故用主格,them是宾格,主格是they,故填 they。

(9)句意:最大的机器可以在一分钟内制造出一张长300米、宽6米的纸。

此处缺少介词表示时间范围,in one minute,在一分钟之内,故填in。

(10)句意:但还有很多其他用途。

此处缺少连词,此处表示前后的对比,故是转折关系连词but,故填But。

【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,语态,非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。

9.阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

In recent years, with the development of technology, many popular apps have been produced. These days, an app has ________(catch)great attention. It is Douyin, a video sharing app. Douyin ________ (one)appeared in 2016. Now it is many people's favorite app, ________(especial) the young.
With Douyin, users can record videos, edit(编辑)them and share them online. It is very easy and interesting. We can record our videos with our friends with just a tap on the mobile phone ________ [skriːn]. What's more, it's a great way to spend our free time ________browsing (浏览)through those film videos.
________, every coin has two sides. The app also has bad things. Some people spend long hours on the app, which is ________ to their health. What's ________ (bad), users can also find some bad things on the app. Such thing is unsuitable and meaningless.
In my opinion, Douyin should monitor videos before they are uploaded(上传), in________ [ˈɔːdə(r)] to keep a healthy environment for its users. Douyin is not good for ________[ˈtiːneɪdʒəz]. We should not use it too often.
【答案】caught;first;especially;screen;in;However;harmful;worse;order;teenagers.
【解析】【分析】大意:近年来,随着技术的发展,已经产生了许多流行的应用程序,抖音就是其中之一。

本文主要介绍了抖音的好处和坏处。

(1)句意:最近,一个应用程序引起了极大的关注。

根据时间状语These days可知,动作过去发生持续到现在,本句的时态应为现在完成时:has/have+动词的过去分词。

catch 的过去分词为caught。

故答案为:caught。

(2)句意:抖音于2016年首次亮相。

根据appeared in 2016可知,抖音应该是于2016年首次亮相,因此用序数词。

one的序数词是first。

故答案为:first。

(3)句意:现在它是很多人最喜欢的应用程序,尤其是年轻人。

根据Now it is many people's favorite app, 现在它是很多人最喜欢的应用程序。

可知,应用副词especially“特别是”来陈述某一事实之后,列举一个具有代表性的例子,作进一步强调。

故答案为:especially。

(4)句意:只需在手机屏幕上轻轻一点,我们就可以与朋友录制视频。

根据音标[skriːn]
提示可知,本空为名词screen。

介词短语on the mobile phone screen,表“在手机屏幕上”。

故答案为:screen。

(5)句意:更重要的是,这是一个花我们的空闲时间浏览那些电影视频很好的方式。

根据固定搭配spend time/money (in)doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事,可知本空应填介词in。

故答案为:in。

(6)句意:然而,事情都有两面性。

根据下文The app also has bad things. 这个应用程序也有坏处,可知这一段提到了该应用程序的缺点,那么上文提到的是优点,因此用However来表示转折“然而”。

故答案为:However。

(7)句意:有些人花很长时间在应用上,这对他们的健康有害。

根据上文Some people spend long hours on the app, 有些人花很长时间在应用上,可知这对健康是有害的。

根据固定搭配be harmful to“有害于”,可知本空应填形容词harmful。

故答案为:harmful。

(8)句意:更糟糕的是,用户还可以在应用程序上发现一些不好的东西。

根据下文Such thing is unsuitable and meaningless. 有些内容是不合适的和毫无意义的,可知本空应用what's worse 来表示后面的一个更严重/糟糕,因此用形容词bad的比较级worse。

故答案为:worse。

(9)句意:在我看来,抖音应该在上传之前受到监控,以保持用户的健康环境。

根据音标[ˈɔːdə(r)] 提示可知,本空为名词order。

固定搭配in order to,表“为了”。

故答案为:order。

(10)句意:抖音对青少年不好。

根据所给的音标[ˈtiːneɪdʒəz] 提示可知,为可数名词复数teenagers,表“青少年”。

故答案为:teenagers。

【点评】考查语法填空,注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。

10.阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

A wealthy old man lived alone in a big house. He was growing ________ (weak) day by day. Since he was unable to look after ________ (him), he decided to hire (雇佣)a nurse to take care ________ him.
One day, the old man interviewed two ________ (nurse)—Anthony and Peter. Anthony was a handsome young man while Peter looked quite ordinary. The old man asked Anthony to make tea for him. After Anthony left, the old man turned to Peter and said, "Anthony has ________ (give) me a very bad account of you. He said you are rude and untrustworthy. Is this correct?"
Peter thought for a minute and said, "________ Anthony has a bad opinion of me, there must be something wrong with me. I should take some time to change these things."
The old man was very impressed by Peter's words. At the same time, Anthony came back with ________ cup of tea for the old man.
The old man sent Peter to make breakfast for him. He then returned to Anthony and told him. "Peter spoke very poorly of you while you were gone. ________ do you think about this?" After hearing this, Anthony shouted ________ (angry).
In the end, Peter ________ (choose). Peter looked quite common, but he had impressive
inner beauty.
【答案】 weaker;himself;of;nurses;given;If;a;What;angrily;was chosen
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一个老人在录用护士时,故意挑起对方的矛盾,通过两人截然不同的反应,从而判断谁适合。

(1)句意:他一天比一天虚弱。

weak是形容词,形容词修饰系动词grow,根据day by day可知是比较级weaker,故填 weaker。

(2)句意:因为他不能照顾自己,他决定雇一个护士来照顾他。

look after oneself,照顾自己,主语是he,故反身代词是himself,故填 himself。

(3)句意:因为他不能照顾自己,他决定雇一个护士来照顾他。

take care of,固定搭配,照顾,故填of 。

(4)句意:一天,老人面试两个护士——Anthony and Peter 。

two后是可数名词复习,nurse,是可数名词,故填nurses。

(5)句意:安东尼对你的评价很差。

根据助动词has可知此处是现在完成时,故填过去分词,give的过去分词是given,故填given 。

(6)句意:如果安东尼对我有看法,我一定有什么问题。

此处是条件状语从句,故是引导词if,如果,故填If。

(7)句意:同时,安东尼给老人端了杯茶回来。

cup是名词单数,以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a表示泛指,a cup of,固定搭配,一杯……,故填a。

(8)句意:你对此怎么想?此处是特殊疑问句,think后缺少宾语,故用what提问,故填What。

(9)句意:听到这,安东尼生气地大喊。

副词修饰动词shouted,angrily,是副词,生气地,故填angrily。

(10)句意:最后,Peter被录用。

根据Peter looked quite common,可知时态是一般过去时,choose与主语Peter是被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是第三人称单数,故助动词是was,choose的过去分词是chosen,故填was chosen。

【点评】考查语法填空,注意调整词性,时态,主谓一致和名词的数等。

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