最新大学英语四级匹配题+详解
大学英语四级匹配题技巧
阅读步骤:Step2（12min）
第二步：分析题目+查读（scanning）
1）分析题目
找出题目中的关键词和定位词。
关键词是指题目简化后的中心词，最能表示 出句子的含义。
定位词是题目中的专有信息或特殊信息(数字、 时间、地点、人物、特殊字体读步骤:Step2（12min）
2）视域要宽 每一眼看的词要尽量的多。我们阅读表面是 用眼睛看，实际是用脑子读，眼睛只是起了照相机镜头 的作用。努力使自己的眼睛变成“广角镜”，把尽可能 多的词能一眼“尽收眼底”。 (一眼扫过去，看一行也 就两秒，大概了解讲的是什么就过，不要纠结细节)
如何提高阅读技能
3）意群要长 在每个视幅中不是让你把很多的单词都收进 脑子，而是要善于从中摄取有意义的词组，这个有意义 的词组就是意群。
三遍完成后剩下的题目算是比较难的题目，做起来 得不偿失，可以选择放弃，也可以根据题目句子 含义猜测会处于文章的大致位置。
阅读步骤:Step2(12mins)
查读可运用下列技巧: 1、利用章节标题：Title（标题）、Subtitle（ 副标题）和Section heading（段落标题） 2、在浏览每段首句时，如果有的话，可顺手将 本段的关键词用笔圈出。这些起到小标题的作 用。再阅读到该段时可以辅助判断，减少阅读 难度。 3、不断的查读过程中留意掌握文章的大致结构 脉络
2. 数字，包括年代、百分比、特殊事件等 。如四级样卷中的：mid-1970s, 3.9 percent， 20 percent，September 11等。
3. 以连字符连接的特殊词汇。如：universitybased，one-child。这些词是由两个(或三个)单 词连接的新词，一般当成形容词使用。三个单 词的例子如：hard-to-grasp难以理解的。这些 词也属于低频词，一般不会大篇幅出现。需要 注意的是有时候我们需要将这些词拆开来定位 ，如one-child在原文中是没有的，原文是这样 的“They often compromise by having just one child. ”这里的one child就不是整体作为形 容词使用了。
四级匹配题
四级匹配题通常是指大学英语四级考试中的一种题型，也称为信息匹配题或段落匹配题。
这种题型要求考生从文章中找出与题目中给出的细节信息相匹配的段落，并选择正确的答案。
匹配题的常见问题类型包括：
1. 细节信息匹配题：这种题目要求考生从文章中找出与题目中给出的细节信息相匹配的段落。
2. 主旨大意匹配题：这种题目要求考生从文章中找出与题目中给出的主旨大意相匹配的段落。
3. 词汇解释匹配题：这种题目要求考生从文章中找出与题目中给出的词汇相匹配的解释或定义。
为了做好匹配题，考生需要掌握一定的阅读技巧和解题方法。
例如，考生需要快速浏览文章，了解文章的主旨大意和结构，同时注意寻找与题目中给出的细节信息或词汇相匹配的词汇或短语。
在选择答案时，考生需要注意排除与文章内容不符或与题目要求不符的选项，选择最符合文章内容和题目要求的答案。
总之，四级匹配题是大学英语四级考试中的一种重要题型，考生需要通过练习和掌握阅读技巧来提高自己的解题能力。
2023年6月份四级信息匹配题第三套
2023年6月份四级信息匹配题第三套一、理论基础1.1 信息匹配题的定义信息匹配题是指根据所给的一组信息，从另一组信息中找出与之匹配的内容的题目。
在四级考试中，信息匹配题通常包括一篇短文和一组相关信息，考生需要通过阅读短文，将问题与相应的信息进行匹配，以完成题目要求。
1.2 信息匹配题的意义信息匹配题是考查考生对文章内容的理解和抽取信息的能力，能够检验考生对英语语言的理解和运用能力。
通过练习信息匹配题，考生还能提高自己的阅读能力和信息处理能力，对于提高英语水平具有重要意义。
1.3 信息匹配题的特点信息匹配题通常要求考生通过对文章内容的理解，对所给信息进行筛选和匹配。
由于题目所涉及的信息较多，因此对考生的阅读能力和信息处理能力提出了较高的要求。
考生在练习信息匹配题时，需要注重细节的把握和信息的准确理解。
二、应试技巧2.1 预览题目在做信息匹配题之前，考生应该先快速浏览文章，了解文章的主旨和大意，以便在做题时能更快地找到相关信息。
2.2 注意关键词在做信息匹配题时，应该着重关注问题中的关键词，在文章中有针对性地寻找相关信息，避免在海量信息中浪费时间。
2.3 注意选项排除在进行信息匹配时，应该留意排除法，将明显不符合的选项排除，从而减少答题范围，提高答题效率。
2.4 注意语境理解在阅读文章和信息时，应该注意理解整个语境，以避免对信息的片面理解和错误匹配。
三、练习方法3.1 多做练习题针对信息匹配题，考生应该多做练习题，尤其是做真题和模拟题，以增加对该题型的熟悉度和应对能力。
3.2 提高阅读速度信息匹配题对于阅读速度要求较高，考生可以通过提高日常的阅读量和速度来增强自己的阅读能力。
3.3 整合信息在做题时，应该学会对所给信息进行整合和归纳，以便更清晰地理解文章内容和判断信息的匹配程度。
3.4 多维讨论考生可以通过与同学或老师进行多维讨论，加深对信息匹配题的理解，从而提高答题能力。
四、总结信息匹配题是四级考试中一个重要的题型，对考生的阅读和信息处理能力提出了较高的要求。
英语四级段落信息匹配题最详尽解法说明
英语四级段落信息匹配题最详尽解法说明难点分析：1、顺序原则被打破段落细节信息配对题之所以让无数考生闻之色变，主要在于这种题目打破了解答雅思阅读题目传统的阅读技巧和解题思路。
首先，作为匹配题代表，这种题型明显不会遵守其他主流题型的“顺序原则”，考生从*开头到结尾定位的方法显然行不通;2、题目均为长句形式其次，题目当中的表述通常是极其复杂和繁琐的名词短语或者长难句型，在试图寻找合适的定位词之前，考生往往就业已被题干错中复杂的表述搞得云里雾里了;例如四级样卷第51题：The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process.3、定位词模糊即使考生能够排除万难，读懂题目陈述中晦涩难懂的意思，寻找定位词仍然存在很大的障碍，因为这类题目往往不会出现非常明显的可以实践拿来主义的明显定位词(数字、时间、地点、人物、特殊字体和特殊符号等等)，即使侥幸被我们碰到一个，这个定位词也通常和*主题联系密切，且出现多次，所以并没有太大实用意义，例如上题中的U.S.;4、两题对一段的可能性增加干扰性最后，一般选择题至少是一对一进行对应的，如果能够成功选出一对，那么就至少可以排除一个选项。
但是在段落细节信息对应题当中，四六级样卷明确提醒：You may choose a paragraph more than once.一段可能被用两次。
这样最有效的排除法在这里也就再无用武之地了。
所以，从上面四个特点不难看出，如果想从根本上解决这种题型，考试方的思路是希望考生能够从头到尾读完一遍*，从宏观和微观两个方面全面掌握*的结构和细节信息之后再进行解题的，但是这种思路对于阅读水平和单词量都有限的四六级考生来说有些难针对四级样题，我们对四级考生提出以下做题建议：段落信息匹配题的做题攻略一、先看题再看*1、段落细节信息配对题的陈述虽然都是*细节信息，但是表述基本都是围绕*标题或者每一段落的主题进行描述的，通过快速阅读题干部分表述，可以迅速了解*主旨大意。
四级匹配题真题及答案解析
四级匹配题真题及答案解析1. Passage A:Key ideas: advancements in technologyAnswer: BIn this passage, the key idea is the advancements in technology. The author talks about how technology has influenced various aspects of our lives, including communication, transportation, and entertainment. The passage highlights the convenience and efficiency that technology has brought to society. For example, the passage mentions how smartphones enable people to connect with each other instantly, how online shopping has made shopping easier, and how streaming services have revolutionized the way we consume media.2. Passage B:Key ideas: benefits of volunteeringAnswer: DPassage B discusses the benefits of volunteering. The author emphasizes how volunteering can have a positive impact on both the volunteers and the communities they serve. The passage mentions that volunteering not only helps individualsdevelop new skills and gain valuable experiences but also allows them to make a difference in the lives of others. Additionally, the passage states that volunteering can improve mental well-being and foster a sense of belonging in society.3. Passage C:Key ideas: environmental issues and responsibilityAnswer: APassage C focuses on environmental issues and our responsibility to address them. The author highlights the importance of taking action to protect the environment to ensure a sustainable future. The passage discusses various environmental problems, such as pollution, deforestation, and climate change. It emphasizes the role of individuals and governments in addressing these issues through initiatives like conservation efforts, renewable energy use, and sustainable practices.4. Passage D:Key ideas: challenges of globalizationAnswer: CPassage D explores the challenges brought about by globalization. The author discusses how globalization has influenced economies, cultures, and societies worldwide. Thepassage mentions issues like economic inequality, cultural homogenization, and loss of local traditions. It also discusses the impact of globalization on job markets and the need for individuals to adapt and acquire new skills in the face of rapid changes.Answer analysis:B: Advancements in technology - Passage A clearly discusses the advancements in technology and their effects on various aspects of our lives. The passage provides examples to support this idea.D: Benefits of volunteering - Passage B highlights the benefits of volunteering, such as personal development, making a difference in society, and improving mental well-being. The passage provides reasons and examples to support this idea.A: Environmental issues and responsibility - Passage C focuses on environmental issues, emphasizing theresponsibility individuals and governments have in addressing them. The passage discusses environmental problems and the need for sustainable practices.C: Challenges of globalization - Passage D explores the challenges brought about by globalization, including economic inequality, cultural homogenization, and the need for individuals to adapt to rapid changes. The passage discusses the negative aspects of globalization.In conclusion, the four passages and their key ideas have been analyzed, and the correct answers have been provided. The article aims to familiarize readers with the concept of matching questions and their answers, providing insights into various topics without delving into any political content.。
英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案
英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案 1There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed. The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. 1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______.A.if we complete our short-range goalsB.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsC.if we write down the datesD.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______.A.two yearsB.long-term goalsC.current activitiesD.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______.A.we will win final successB.we are overwhelmedC.we should build up confidence of successD.we should strong desire for setting new goals 4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______.A.we should stick to them until we complete themB.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesC.we had better wait for the exciting news of successD.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.A.those who habe long-term goals will succeedB.writing down the dates may discourage youC.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationD.every should have a goal答案：adcbc英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案 2If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan. Sagan believes that before the earths resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there. Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen andcarbon. When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus. -1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____ a.it might be possible to change its atmosphere b.its atmosphere is the same as the earthsc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______. a.the algae have done their work -b.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案 3Like a needle climbing up a bathroom scale, the number keeps rising. In 1991, 15% of Americans were obese(肥胖的); by 1999, that proportion had grown to 27%. Youngsters, who should have age and activity on their side, are growing larger as well: 19% of Americans under 17 are obese. Waistbands have been popping in other western countries too, as physical activity has declined and diets have expanded. By and large, people in the rich world seem to have lost the fight against flab(松弛).Meanwhile, poorer nations have enjoyed some success in their battles against malnutrition and famine. But, according to research presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, it is more a case of being out of the frying pan and into the fire. The most striking example actually in the poor world comes from the Pacific islands, home of the world’s most obese communities. In 1966, 14% of the men on this island were obese while 100% of men under the age of 30 in 1996 were obese.This increase in weight has been uneven as well as fast. As a result, undernourished and over-nourished people frequently live cheek by jowl(面颊). The mix can even occur within a single household. A study of families in Indonesia found that nearly 10% contained both the hungry and the fat. This is a mysterious phenomenon, but might have something to do with people of different ages being given different amounts of food to eat.The prospect of heading off these problems is bleak. In many affected countries there are cultural factorsto contend with, such as an emphasis on eating large meals together, or on food as a form. ofhospitality.Moreover, there is a good measure of disbelief on the part of policymakers that such a problem Could existin their countries. Add to that reluctance on the part of governments to spend resources on promoting dietand exercise while starvation is still a real threat, and the result is a recipe for inaction. Unless something is done soon, it might not be possible to turn the clock back.英语四级阅读模拟试题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.The first sentence of the passage most probably implies that ______.A.many Americans are obsessed with the rising temperature in their bathroomB.more people are overweighed in the United StatesC.people are doing more physical exercises with the help of scalesD.youngsters become taller and healthier thanks to more activities2.As physical exercise declines and diet expands, ______.A.other western countries has been defeated by fatB.obesity has become an epidemic(流行病)of the rich worldC.waistbands begin to be popular in other western countriesD.western countries can no longer fight against obesity3.Which is NOT the point of the example of the Pacific Islands?A.The poor community has shaken off poverty and people are well-fed now.B.Obesity is becoming a problem in the developing world too.C.Excessive weight increase will cause no less harm than the food shortage.D.The problem of overweight emerges very fast.4.Of tackling obesity in the poor world, we can learn from the passage that____A.the matter is so complex as to go beyond our capacityB.no matter what we do, the prospect will always be bleakC.it is starvation, the real threat, that needs to be solvedD.we should take immediate actions before it becomes incurable5.What is the main idea of this passage?A.Obesity is now a global problem that needs tackling.B.The weights increase fast throughout the whole world.C.Obesity and starvation are two main problems in the poor world.D.Obesity has shifted from the rich world to the poor world.英语四级阅读参考答案1.[B] 推理判断题。
英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案解析(11)
英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案解析（11）Jaguars Don't Live Here AnymoreA)Earlier this month, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service announced it would appoint" critical habitat" for the endangered jaguar. Jaguars--the world's third-largest wild cats, weighing up to 250 pounds, with distinctive black rosettes ( 玫瑰花色) on their fur--are a separate species from the smaller, tawny (黄褐色的) mountain lions, which still roam large areas of the American West in the United States and take the first steps toward mandating (批准) a jaguar recovery plan. This is a policy reversal and, on the surface, it may appear to be a victory for the conservation community and for jaguars, the largest wild cats in the Western Hemisphere.B) But as someone who has studied jaguars for nearly three decades, I can tell you it is nothing less than a slap in the face to good science. What's more, by changing the rules for animal preservation, it stands to weaken the Endangered Species Act.C)The debate on what to do about jaguars started in 1997, when, at the urging of many biologists ( including me), the Fish and Wildlife Service put the jaguar on the United States endangered species list, because there had been occasional sightings of the cats crossing north over the United States-Mexico border. At the same time, however, the agency ruled that it would not be "prudent" (谨慎的) to declare that the jaguar has critical .habitat--a geographic area containing features the species needs to survive--in the United States. Determining an endangered species' critical habitat is a first step toward developing a plan for helping that species recover.D)The 1997 decision not to determine critical habitat for the jaguar was the right one, because even though they cross the border from time to time, jaguars don't occupy any territory in our country--and that probably means the environment here is no longer ideal for them.E)In prehistoric times, these beautiful cats inhabited significant areas of the western United States, but in the past 100 years, there have been few, if any, resident breeding populations here. The last time a female jaguar with a cub ( 幼兽) was sighted in this country was in the early 1900s.F)Two well-intentioned conservation advocacy groups, the Center for Biological Diversity and Defenders of Wildlife, sued the Fish and Wildlife Service to change its ruling. Thus in 2006, the agency reassessed the situation and again determined that no areas in the United States met the definition of critical habitat for the jaguar. Despite occasional sightings, mostly within 40 miles of the Mexican border, there were still no data to indicate jaguars had taken up residence inside the United States.G ) After this second ruling was made, an Arizona rancher ( 牧场主), with support from the state Game and Fish Department, set infrared-camera (红外摄像机) traps togather more data, and essentially confirmed the Fish and Wildlife Service's findings. The cameras did capture transient jaguars, including one male jaguar, nick named Macho, B, who roamed the Arizona borderlands for more than a decade. But Macho B, now dead, might have been the sole resident American jaguar, and his extensive travels indicated he was not having an easy time surviving in this dry, rugged region.H) Despite the continued evidence, the two conservation advocacy groups continued to sue the government. Apparently, they want jaguars to repopulate the United State seven if jaguars don't wan! to. Last March, a federal district judge in Arizona ordered the Fish and Wildlife Service to revisit its 2006 determination on critical habitat.I)The facts haven't changed: there is still no area in the United States essential to the conservation of the jaguar. But, having asserted this twice already, the service, nowunder a new president, has bent to the tiresome litigation (诉讼). On Jan. 12, Fish and Wildlife officials, claimed to have evaluated new scientific information that had become available after the July 2006 ruling. They determined that it is now prudent to appoint critical habitat for the jaguar in the United States.J)This means that Fish and Wildlife must now also formulate a recovery plan for the jaguar. And since jaguars have not been able to reestablish themselves naturally over the past century, the government will likely have to go to significant expense to attempt to bring them back--especially if the cats have to be reintroduced.K)So why not do everything we can, at whatever cost, to bring jaguars back into the United States? To begin with, the American Southwest is, at best, marginal habitat for the animals. More important, there are better ways to help jaguars. South of our border, from Mexico to Argentina, thousands of jaguars live and breed in their true critical habitat. Governments and conservation groups (including the one I head) are already working hard to conserve jaguar populations and connect them to one another through an initiative called the Jaguar Corridor.L).The jaguars that now and then cross into the United States most likely come from the northernmost population of jaguars, in Sonora, Mexico. Rather than demand jaguars return to our country, we should help Mexico and other jaguar-range countries conserve the animals' true habitat itM )The recent move by the Fish and Wildlife Service means that the rare federal funds devoted to protecting wild animals will be wasted on efforts that cannot help save jaguars. It also stands to weaken the Endangered Species Act, because if critical habitat is redefined as any place where a species might ever have existed, and where you or I might want it to exist again, then the door is open for many other sense less efforts to bring back long-lost creatures.N)The Fish and Wildlife officials whose job is to protect the country's wild animals need to grow a stronger backbone--stick with their original, correct decision and save their money for more useful preservation work. Otherwise, when funds are needed to preserve all those small, ugly, non-charismatic endangered species at the back of the line, there may be no money left.1. It is still a fact that there is no suitable place for jaguars to live safely in the United States.2. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service should be more determined and saving for the conservation work.3. Jaguars were regarded as endangered species because of their rare appearance at the United States-Mexico border.4. Money was not spent effectively in helping save jaguars in the recent move by the Fish and Wildlife Service.5. It can be inferred that the United States is not the best choice for jaguars to live from the evidence that they don't settle anywhere here.6. South of the United States' border, from Mexico to Argentina, is the true critical habitat for jaguars.7. The number of jaguars breeding populations in significant areas of the western United States has deceased in the past century.8. It is necessary for the government to invest lots of funds in order to help jaguars to reestablish.9. It didn't indicate that jaguars had settled down in the United States even though they were seen within 40 miles of the Mexican border at times.10. Fish and Wildlife officials were sure enough to appoint critical habitat for the jaguar in the United States.1.I)。
CET4信息匹配及答案整合(DOC)
(一).The Touch-Screen GenerationA.On a chilly day last spring, a few dozen developers of children's apps (应用程序) for phones andtablets (平板电脑) gathered at an old beach resort in Monterey, California, to show off their games.The gathering was organized by Warren .Buckleitner, a longtime reviewer of interactive children'smedia. Buckleitner spent the breaks testing whether his own remote-control helicopter could reachthe hall's .second story, while various children who had come with their parents looked up in awe(敬畏) and delight. But mostly they looked down, at the iPads and other tablets displayed around thehall like so many open boxes of candy. I walked around and talked with developers, and severalquoted a famous saying of Maria Montessori's, "The hands are the instruments of man's intelligence."B. What, really, would Maria Montessori have made of this scene? The 30 or so children here were notdown at the shore poking (戳) their fingers in the sand or running them along stones or pickingseashells. Instead they were all inside, alone or in groups of two or three, their faces a few inchesfrom a screen, their hands doing things Montessori surely did not imagine.C. In 2011, the American Academy of Pediatrics updated .its policy on very young children and media- In1999, the group had discouraged television viewing for children younger than 2, citing research onbrain development that showed this age group's critical need for "direct interactions with parents andother significant care givers." The updated report began by acknowledging that things had changedsignificantly since then. In 2006, 90% of parents said that their children younger than 2 consumedsome form of electronic media. Nevertheless, the group took largely the same approach it did in1999, uniformly discouraging passive media use, on any type of screen, for these kids. (For olderchildren, the academy noted,"high-quality programs" could have"'educational benefits.") The 2011report nentioned"smart cell phone" and"new screen" technologies, but did not address interactive- apps. Nor did it bring up the possibility that has likely occurred to those 90% of American parentsthat some good might come from those little swiping (在电子产品上刷) fingers.D. I had come to the developers' conference partly because I hoped that this particular set of parents,enthusiastic as they were about interactive media, might help me out of this problem, that they mightoffer some guiding principle for American parents who are clearly never going to meet the academy'sideals, and at some level do not want to. Perhaps this group would be able to express clearly some benefits of the new technology that the more cautious doctors weren't ready to address.E. I fell into conversation with a woman who had helped develop Montessori Letter Sounds, an app thatteaches preschoolers the Montessori methods of spelling. She was a former Montessori teacher and amother of four. I myself have three children Who are all fans of the touch screen. What games didher kids like to play, I asked, hoping for suggestions I could take home."They don't play all that much."Really? Why not?"Because I don't allow it. We have a rule of no screen time during the week, unlessit's clearlyeducational."No screen time? None at all? That seems at the outer edge of restrictive, even by the standards ofovercontrolling parents."On the weekends, they can play. I give them a limit of half an hour and then stop. Enough."F. Her answer so surprised me that I decided to ask some of the other developers who were alsoparents what their domestic ground rules for screen time were. One said only on airplanes and longcar rides. Another said Wednesdays and weekends, for half an hour. The most permissive said halfan hour a day, which was about my rule at home. At one poing I sat with one of the biggestdevelopers of e-book apps for kids, and his family. The small kid was starting to fuss in her highchair, so the morn stuck an iPad in front of her and played a short movie so everyone else couldenjoy their lunch. When she saw me watching, she gave me the universal tense look of mothers whofeel they are being judged. "At home," she assured me, "I only let her watch movies in Spanish."G. By their reactions, these parents made me understand the problem of our age: as technology becomesalmost everywhere in our lives, American parents are becoming more, not less, distrustful of what itmight be doing to their children. Technological ability has not, for parents, translated into comfortand ease. On the one hand, parents want their children to swim expertly in the digital s~ream thatthey will have to navigate (航行) all their lives; on the other hand, they fear that too much digitalmedia, too early, will sink them. Parents end up treating tablets as precision surgical (外科的)instruments, devices that might perform miracles for their child's IQ and help him win some greatrobotics competitionbut only if they are used just so. Otherwise, their child could end up one of~ those sad, pale creatures who can't make eye contact and has a girlfriend who lives only in thevirtual world.H. Norman Rockwell, a 20th-century artist, never painted Boy Swiping Finger on Screen, and our ownvision of a perfect childhood has never been adjusted to accommodate that now-common scene. Addto that our modern fear that every parenting decision may have lasting consequences--that everyminute of enrichment lost or mindless entertainment indulged (放纵的) will add up to somepermanent handicap (障碍) in the futureand you have deep guilt and confusion. To date, no bodyof research has proved that the iPad will make your preschooler smarter or teach her to speakChinese, or alternatively that it will rust her nervous system--the device has been out for only threeyears, not much more than the time it takes some academics to find funding and gather researchsubjects. So what m a parent to do?注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.46. The author attended the conference, hoping to find some guiding principles for parenting in theelectronic age.47. American parents are becoming more doubtful about the benefits technology is said to bring to theirchildren.48. Some experts believe that human intelligence develops by the use of hands.49. The author found a former Montessori teacher exercising strict control over her kids' screen time.50. Research shows interaction with people is key to babies' brain development.51. So far there has been no scientific proof of the educational benefits of iPads.52. American parents worry that overuse of tablets will create problems with their kids' interpersonalrelationships.53. The author expected developers of children's apps tospecify the benefits of the new technology.54. The kids at the gathering were more fascinated by the iPads than by the helicopter.55. The author permits her children to use the screen for at most half an hour a day.Section C触屏一代A)在去年一个寒冷的春日，几十家研发手机及平板电脑儿童应用程序的开发商聚集在加州蒙特利的一个旧海滨度假村，展示他们的游戏应用。
2023年3月英语四级阅读信息匹配部分真题及答案(第一套)
Hyphenating your last name after marriage?答案速查36-40：HDIAJ41-45：BEGLF题干、答案和定位处36. Many people today still find name hyphenation upon marriage unacceptable.36.H 【定位】If you care about outside opinions on your name, you should know that a large portion of today's society is annoyed by the hyphenated name.37.As a compromise,a bride will in most cases adopt a name that combines the couple' s last names.37.D【定位】Most of the time，though，the most popular compromise is to hyphenate your last name and the last name of your groom.38.The bride should consider adopting her groom's last name whether he feels strongly about it or not.38.I 【定位】Whether your future husband insisting on your adopting his last name is a red flag to you or not, it is still something that you should take into consideration.39.Making preparations for marriage causes a lot of stress.39.A 【定位】While being married is great and wonderful,the act of getting married can be quite stressful.40.Hyphenating the last names could be a win-win solution should arguments arise about what name to adopt upon marriage.40.J 【定位】One spouse wants a complete name change. The other spouse wants no name change. Hyphenating the two names is a way for each person to,at least a little bit,"win"the argument.41.It used to be considered socially unacceptable for a bride to retain her maiden name.41.B 【定位】The act of keeping her own last name was considered taboo and people' s eyebrows would raise right of their faces...42.The bride who adopts a hyphenated last name after marriage can maintain connections with their past achievements.42.E【定位】It allows you to stay connected to accomplishments that you achieved before you got married.43.Hyphenating names allows the bride to preserve her own identity while respecting tradition.43.G 【定位】At the the time，your name is associated with the identity you' ve built up and hyphenation allows you to respect that while also respecting tradition and your husband's family 's identity.44. No matter what name the bride adopts, it is most important that the newly weds truly love each other.44.L 【定位】At the end of the day，whether you each keep your names,... what matters is that you love each other and are going to be joining your lives together.45.Legally speaking,the bride is free to choose whatever name she prefers.45.F 【定位】While tradition is one thing，there isn' t any logical reason to completely change your name.。
大学英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(2)
大学英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(2)导读：本文大学英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(2)，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
Section BDirections：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each smtement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.1ndentify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Creative Book Report Ideas A.Are you at a loss for creative book report ideas for your students?If yes.then this article will help you make reading and reviewing books more creative for your class.In an age of PSPs，Xbox，anime and gaming arcades，reading has lost its foothold in the list of hobbies that children tend to cite.Most of the reading that kids do today,comes in the form of compulsory books that they need to read for school and maybe that is the reason they find reading to be an insurmountable and boring task.If you want to inculcate the love for languages and literary masterpieces in your students and want them to devour books everyone should read，then a good way of going about the same would be to get them to start working on creative book report ideas.While working on creative ideas for book reports，your students will have to understand the book in a way that allows them to come up with new ways to present to the class，the essence of the book.B.As a teachel while egging your students to activate their creative gray cells.you will have to help them out with basic ideas that they can work on.Depending on the age bracket that your students belong to，the creative book report ideas will vary.This is so，not just because of the varying attention spans that children of various age groups posses but also because of the amount of work that kids can put into the report.While a middle school student wiIl be comfortable handling a handy cam，a student from elementary school will be more fascinated if he is working with paints and puppets.So do you want to know how to write a book report creatively?In this article.we will list out for you，a couple of good creative book report ideas for elementary students and for middle school students.C.A book report sandwich is a good creative idea for book reports.As a teacher you can get drawings of a sandwich on sheets of Paper that are of the color of the ingredients of your sandwich，for example，a cream sheet of paper to resemble mayonnaise，red to represent tomato and likewise.Ob.viously,each ingredient should be cut in a way that when assembled together,it looks like a sandwich.Now,give each of your students one of these book sandwiches to create their book report.It can start with the name of the book and the author’s name on the top slice of the sandwich.The second ingredient can have the summary of the book on it.Each subsequent ingredient can have a description of the main characters，the setting of the book，the plot，and then his or her views about the book.Once they are done with their book reports，they can staple the book sandwich together and then，you can create a class bulletin board with all the book report sandwiches on display.D.One of the good techniques to retell a story,it is also one of the favorite creative book report ideas among students.The job that the student will have is to read the book and then pick a few objects at his/her home which will allow him/her to retell the story in a way that makes it interesting for his/ her audience.Every time he/she picks out an object from the bag to report the book he/she has read，there has to be a valid connection between the book and the object，which the student can first ask the audience to guess and then go ahead and explain it.This idea is spin—off on the normal show and tells and allows for an interactive book report session.E.This is one of the creative ideas for book reports in which.as the teacher, you will have to divideyour class into groups and give them one book each.The students can then read the book and get together and write a play and act it out for the class.To give a deeper insight into the book，one of the students can play the role of the author and as a group，the students can try and recreate the thought Drocess of the author.The student playing the role of the author can then interrupt the play at lmportant iunctllres and talk about the reasons for these twists in the play and how he/she came up with these plot lines.F.As a voung adult，your student’s fascination may go beyond the immediate concerns of the book.He/she may want to understand the circumstances in which the book was written，the times then，the events happening in the world and get the author’s perspective about the book.Encourage your students to mink on those lines.Divide the class into pairs and give each pair one book to read.Let them then do the roles of the author and a journalist.You can have an interview session in front of the class.enabling them todissect the book and get a peek into the author’s world.G.In a technology—obsessed world，it maybe a very tiny minority of your class that does not get excited with the Drospect of shooting a film.One of the best creative book report ideas for middle school，you will need to divide the class into groups and give them at least two months to adapt the book that thev have been assigned，into a film.The movie should have a well—adapted screenplay,and allother prerequisites，like a lighting engineer,sound engineer, costume designer,etc.At the end of the given time，the film can be screened in front of the class and then discussed.H.If you are on the lookout for good individual creative book report ideas，then this one could be for you.Assign every student a book and then ask them to start maintaining a diary,from the author’sDoint of vie w.Ask them to come up with imaginary incidents from the author’s life and use historical events to explain why the author wrote the book in a certain manner.Alternately, you can also ask your students to give a surrogate ending to the story.I)、These are just few of the options that you could use to inspire your students to come up with creative book report ideas.As kids we tend to be more imaginative and creative .Encourage your students to mink om of the box and appreciate them for their efforts.This will help you have a class that is not only lively and inquisitive by nature but also a class that will cultivate a love for words.46.11eachers can create a class bulletin board to display all the book report sandwiches after their students finish their reports.47.Adopting the method of knowing your author,teachers can encourage students to think beyond the immediate concerns of the book.48.Asking me students to write from their own point of view is suitable for teachers who are on the lookout for good individual creative book report ideas.49.Retelling a story is one of the favorite creative book report ideas among students and it tells and allows for an interactive book report session.50.Nowadays，most of book children read are those they need to read for school.51.Teachers tend to be more imaginative and creative as kids.52.While working on creative ideas for book reports，students will have to understand the book.53.The creative book report ideas vary according to ages because children in different age groups have different attention span.54.If teachers ask their students to shoot a film about a book，they should give them no fewer than two months.55.Teachers have to divide their class into groups and give them one book each is a good creative book report ideas.46.Teachers can create a class bulletin board to display all the book report sandwiches after their students finish their reports.在学生完成他们的读书报告后，老师可以设立一个班级布告板，把所有的三明治读书报告展示出来。
12月英语四级信息匹配答案解析(三套全)
20XX年12月英语四级信息匹配答案解析（三套全）英语四级信息匹配答案解析第一套The Perfect Essay46. I 该选项明确提到“She had no patience for brilliant but irrelevant figures of speech”。
47. C 该选项谈论的就是作者母亲对他过于得意的形象的批评，并且指出了他“看似完美”的*中的很多缺陷。
48. K 在该选项中指出，想要写出“没有缺陷”的*很难，但是我们不能放弃“不断完善”的过程，不断地接近完美理想。
49. E 从该选项最后一句看出“I was not able to produce anything for three years”.50. B 该选项说作者美梦成真(拿到了一个“完美”的评价)，不过他说他只是slightly taken aback，也就是没什么吃惊的。
51. F 该选项明确提到“raise objections against another mans speech， it is a very easy matter; butto produce a better in its place is a work extremely troublesome”。
52. A 该选项描述的就是作者敬佩其母亲，而其母亲正是其英文老师.53. H 该选项中提到其母亲的批评“the type that changed me asa person”.54. J 该选项提到“She trimmed back my flowery language”，最后“slowly my writing improved”。
55. G 该选项最后一句提到“Genuine criticism creates a precious opening for an author to becomebetter on his own terms”。
英语四级段落匹配真题及答案
英语四级段落匹配真题及答案英语四级段落匹配真题及答案在平时的学习、工作或生活中，大家都接触过英语吧，下面是店铺帮大家整理的英语四级段落匹配真题及答案，希望对大家有所帮助。
英语四级段落匹配真题及答案Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Can Burglars Jam Your Wireless Security System?[A]Any product that promises to protect your home deserves careful examination. So it isn’t surprising that you’ll find plenty of strong opinions about the potential vulnerabilities of popular home-security systems.[B]The most likely type of burglary (入室盗窃) by far is the unsophisticated crime of opportunity, usually involving a broken window or some forced entry. According to the FBI, crimes like these accounted roughly two-thirds of all household burglaries in the US in 2013.The wide majority of the rest were illegal, unforced entries that resulted from something like a window being left open. The odds of a criminal using technical means to bypass a security system are so small that the FBI doesn’t even track those statistics.[C]One of the main theoretical home-security concerns iswhether or not a given system is vulnerable to being blocked from working altogether. With wired setups, the fear is that a burglar (入室盗贼) might be able to shut your system down simply by cutting the right cable. With a wireless setup, you stick battery-powered sensors up around your home that keep an eye on windows, doors, motion, and more. If they detect something wrong w hile the system is armed, they’ll transmit a wireless alert signal to a base station that will then raise the alarm. That approach will eliminate most cord-cutting concerns—but what about their wireless equivalent, jamming? With the right device tuned to t he right frequency, what’s to stop a thief from jamming your setup and blocking that alert signal from ever reaching the base station?[D]Jamming concerns are nothing new, and they’re not unique to security systems. Any device that’s built to receive a wireless signal at a specific frequency can be overwhelmed by a stronger signal coming in on the same frequency. For comparison, let’s say you wanted to “jam” a conversation between two people—all you’d need to do is yell in the listener’s ear.[E] Security devices are required to list the frequencies they broadcast on—that means that a potential thief can find what they need to know with minimal Googling. They will, however, need so know what system they’re looking for. If you have a sign in your yard declari ng what setup you use, that’d point them in the right direction, though at that point, we’re talking about a highly targeted, semi-sophisticated attack, and not the sort forced-entry attack that makes up the majority of burglaries. It’s easier to find and acquire jamming equipment for some frequencies than it is for others.[F] Wireless security providers will often take steps to helpcombat the threat of jamming attacks. SimpliSafe, winner of our Editor’s Choice distinction, utilizes a special system that’s capable of separating incidental RF interference from targeted jamming attacks. When the system thinks it’s being jammed, it’ll notify you via push alert(推送警报).From there, it’s up to you to sound the alarm manually.[G] SimpliSafe was singled out in one recent article on jamming, complete with a video showing the entire system being effectively bypassed with handheld jamming equipment. After taking appropriate measures to contain the RF interference to our test lab, we tested the attack out for ourselves, and were able to verify that it’s possible with the right equipment. However, we also verified that SimpliSafe’s anti-jamming system works. It caught us in the act, sent an alert to my smartphone, and also listed our RF interference on the system’s event log. The team behind the article and video in question make no mention of the system, or whether or not in detected them.[H]We like the unique nature of that software. It means that a thief likely wouldn’t be able to Google how the system works, then figure out a way around it. Even if they could, SimpliSafe claims that its system is always evolving, and that it varies slightly from system to system, which means there wouldn’t be a universal magic formula for cracking it. Other systems also seem confident on the subject of jamming. The team at Frontpoint addresses the issue in a blog on its site, citing their own jam protection software and claiming that there aren’t any documented cases of successful jam attack since the company began offering wireless security sensors in the 1980s.[I] Jamming attacks are absolutely possible. As said before, with the right equipment and the right know-how, it’s possibleto jam any wireless transmission. But how probable is it that someone will successfully jam their way into your home and steal your stuff?[J] Let’s imagine that you live in a small home with a wireless security setup that offers a functional anti-jamming system. First, a thief is going to need to target your home, specifically. Then, he’s going to need to k now the technical details of your system and acquire the specific equipment necessary for jamming your specific setup. Presumably, you keep your doors locked at night and while you’re away. So the thief will still need to break in. That means defeating the lock somehow, or breaking a window. He’ll need to be jamming you at this point, as a broken window or opened door would normally release the alarm. So, too, would the motion detectors in your home, so the thief will need to continue jamming once he’s insi de and searching for things to steal. However, he’ll need to do so without tripping the anti-jamming system, the details of which he almost certainly does now have access to.[K]At the end of the day, these kinds of systems are primarily designed to protect against the sort of opportunistic smash-and-grab attack that makes up the majority of burglaries. They’re also only a single layer in what should ideally be a many-sided approach to securing your home, one that includes common sense things like sound locks and proper exterior lighting at night. No system is impenetrable, and none can promise to eliminate the worst case completely. Every one of them has vulnerabilities that a knowledgeable thief could theoretically exploit. A good system is one that keeps that worst-case setting as improbable as possible while also offering strong protection in the event of a less-extraordinary attack.36. It is possible for burglars to make jamming attacks with the necessary equipment and skill.37. Interfering with a wireless security system is similar to interfering with a conversation.38. A burglar has to continuously jam the wireless security device to avoid triggering the alarm, both inside and outside the house.39. SimpliSafe provides devices that are able to distinguish incidental radio interference from targeted jamming attacks.40. Only a very small proportion of burglaries are committed by technical means.41. It is difficult to crack SimpliSafe as its system keeps changing.42. Wireless devices will transmit signals so as to activate the alarm once something wrong is detected.43. Different measures should be taken to protect one’s home from burglary in addition to the wireless security system.44. SimpliSafe’s device can send a warning to the house owner’s cellphone.45. Burglars can easily get a security device’s frequency by Internet search.【段落匹配答案】Section B36. [I]37. [D]38. [J]39. [F]40. [B]41. [H]42. [C]43. [K]44. [G]45. [E]【解析】36. [I]对应关键词jamming attacks, 和equipment and skill在I 段落中同时出现了两个关键词。
12月英语四级考试段落匹配真题答案及解析
xx年12月英语四级考试段落匹配真题答案及解析
xx年12月英语四级考试段落匹配真题答案及解析
xx年12月大学英语四级考试于今日上午开考,文都教育老师及时为大家提供英语四级段落匹配真题答案及解析,共大家参考,详细如下: 【段落匹配答案】
Section B
36. [I]
37. [D]
38. [J]
39. [F]
40. [B]
41. [H]
42. [C]
43. [K]
44. [G]
45. [E]
【解析】
36. [I]对应关键词jamming attacks, 和equipment and skill在I段落中同时出现了两个关键词。
37. [D]对应关键词wireless security system, 和conversation 在原文中有复现.
38. [J] 选项中wireless security system,和triggering the alarm可以在J选项中找到对应.
39. [F]SimpliSafe, 大写名词很好定位,在加上复现的distinguish,radio interference可以锁定F.
40. [B]根据small proportion可以确定唯一的选项B
41. [H]对应关键词keeps changing
42. [C]对应关键词transmit signals, 和activate.
43. [K]根据选项different measures只在K段落中出现了。
44. [G]选项cellphones是最关键的.定位词,可以在G选项中找到复现。
45. [E]选项frequent对应了段落的frequency。
大学英语四级专项匹配题
2021/5/24
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解题技巧
大多数情况下，每个题目只能选一个选项 有些选项可能会用两次以上 有的选项可能用不上 第一题的答案往往在文章的后面，最后一题的答案
往往在文章的前面
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做题步骤
看看文章题目及副标题，抓住重点 分析各题题干，划出关键词 以文章段落顺序做题，把题目当选项 该段不能确定，先看其他段
2021/5/24
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定位方法
含有数据，时间，地点，人名，国家名等专有名词， 比较好定位
拼写比较有特点的词语，带连接符的词汇；拼写较 长的词汇；自己不是很认识的较生僻词汇
如若题干中以上词汇都不具备，就按排除法，优先 阅读其余没选的段落，尤其是段落的第一二句和末 尾句
一切以时间和速度为基准，不要过多纠结于某一个 题干
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应对措施
1. 题干中的细节往往会反映文章主旨ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้段落主题， 考生可据此了解原文内容。
在段落—信息配对题中，题干中的信息虽然陈述的都是 文章中的细节，但其内容基本都是围绕文章主题或是某 一段落的主题进行描述的。通过快速阅读题干中的若干 条细节信息，考生可以迅速了解原文的主旨大意，从而 能够在回头阅读原文时加快阅读速度，节省定位时间。 掌握原文的主旨有利于考生对原文的结构进行预测或对 原文的逻辑顺序进行预判。即使题干中的细节信息表述 的并非文章的主旨，其肯定也是与文章主旨息息相关的 内容，有助于考生在预览原文时提高阅读速度。
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应对措施
2. 题干提供的细节信息中往往暗含一些说明文所 必须的逻辑关系，考生可以利用这种关系预先对一 些表述进行排序。
文章体裁通常都是自然或科技类说明文，而这类文 章最显著的特点就是要有严密的逻辑性。所以，在 介绍一个新事物的时候，文章通常会采用循序渐进、 前因后果的方法来叙述，而根据这种逻辑进行解题 之前的预先排序对于解答段落信息配对题有着非常 重要的意义。
大学英语四级新题型(匹配题)
大学英语四级新题型（匹配题）Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section B（原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。
篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。
每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。
）Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statementcontains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions bymarking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Caring for elderly parents catches many unprepared[A ] Last July, Julie Baldocchi，s mother had a massive stroke and was paralyzed. Baldocchi suddenly had to become a family caregiver, something that she wasn"t prepared for. “I was flying by the seat of my pants,”says Baldocchi, an employment specialist in San Francisco. Both of her parents are 83, and she knew her father couldn’t handle her mother’s care. The hospital recommended putting her mother in a nursing home. Baldocchi wasn’t willing to do that. But moving her back into her parents’ home created other problems. Baldocchi, 48, is married and lives about a mile away from her parents. She has a full-time job and has back problems that make it difficult for her to lift her mother. “I couldn’t do it all,” she says. “But I didn’t even know how to find help.”[B] With help from the Family Caregiver Alliance, she eventually hired a live-in caregiver. “But even if you plan intellectually and legally, you’re never ready for the emotional impact,”Baldocchi says. In the first two months after her mother’s stroke, she lost about 30 pounds as stress mounted. More than 42 million Americans provide family caregiving for an adult who needs help with daily activities, according to a 2009 survey by the AARP. An additional 61.6 million provided at least some care during the year. And many are unprepared.[C] While many parents lack an advance care directive, it’s the most basic and important step they can take. The directive includes several parts, including: a durable power of attorney, which gives someone legal authority to make financial decisions on another’s behalf; a health care proxy, which is similar to the power of attorney, except it allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment; and a living will that outlines instructions for end-of-life care. (For example, parents can say if th ey want to be kept alive by artificial measures.) “It’s invaluable for the kids, because it’s hard to make those decisions for a parent,” says Jennifer Cona, an elder- law attorney at Genser Dubow Genser & Cona in Melville, N.Y. An advance care directive is the first line of defense if a situation arises, says Kathleen Kelly, executive director of the Family Caregiver Alliance, which supports and educates caregivers. Without an advance directive, the family will have to petition the court to be appointed th e parent’s legal guardian, says .[D] It’s important for families to talk about long-term care so the adult children know their parents，preferences, wishes and goals, says Lynn Feinberg, a caregiving expert at AARP. But it’s not an easy conversation. Elderly parents are sometimes suspici ous of their children’s financial motives, says Susan John, a financial planner at Financial Focus in Wolfeboro, N.H. One client asked John to hold a family meeting because they needed an intermediary to talk about financial issues, she says. And when there are many siblings, the family decisions can become a three-ring circus with much acrimony, says Ann-Margaret Carrozza, an elder-law attorney in Glen Cove, N.Y. Families who need information and help sorting out disagreements can call on elder-law attorneys, financial planners, geriatric care managers and caregiver support groups. In February, AARP said it will offer its members a new caregiving support service through financial services firm Genworth.[E] Many families are unprepared for quick decision s, especially when they find out that Medicare doesn’t pay for long-term care, Feinberg says. The median cost of a year in a private room at a nursing home in 2011 was $77,745, according to Genworth. And only those who have spent most of their assets can qualify for Medicaid to pay for the nursing home.[ F] Assisted living is another option. Residents can have their own apartment to maintain some independence. But the facilities generally provide personal care services, such as meals, housekeeping and assistance with activities. Still, it’s not cheap: The national median cost in 2011 was $39,135, according to Genworth. Assisted living isn’t covered by Medicaid.[G ] If they have a choice, at least 90% of elderly parents prefer to stay at home as long as they can, according toAARP research. But if the parents can no longer safely live at home, it can be hard for children to move them into an adult care facility. There may be another option. Sometimes the home can be modified so a parent can stay there. For example, Baldocchi put in a chair lift for her mother. She also arranged for a home caregiver.[H] Family caregivers take over many responsibilities. One might manage a parent’s finances, while another sibling will take the parent to doctors" appointments and shopping. Those who move in with a parent take on a significant and sustained burden of care. Jan Walker moved into her mother’s home in Leesburg, Fla. After her mother, who is 83, had fallen, she wasn’t able to get around as well. Walker, 55, has three brothers. But she is the only daughter, is divorced and has no children. “I always knew that this was the role that I would have, and I guess my mind was prepared for it,” says Walker, who now is a full-time caregiver and works from home as a tutorial instructor for a digital scrapbooking websit e. “When you get into the trenches, it’s literally baptism by fire,” she says. “New things come up. It’s not just about advance planning for finances or medical care. It’s everything,” she says.[I ] Caregivers need to also watch their own health. “There is such a thing as caregiver burnout, ”Cona says. Among female caregivers 50 and older, 20% reported symptoms of depression, according to a 2010 study on working caregivers by MetLife. “It’s a hard job,” Walker says. “But most worthwhile things are hard. She was always there for me when I needed a helping hand. It’s only natural that I be here for her now.”46. When elderly parents cannot live at home safely, their children can change their home instead of sending them to an adult care facility.47. To talk about long-term care is not easy because sometimes aged parents are suspicious of their children’s financial motives.48. Besides advance planning for finances or medical care, family caregivers take over manyother responsibilities.49. The difference between a durable power of attorney and a health care proxy is that the latter allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment.50. Baldocchi did not want to send her mother to a nursing home, but she had difficulty taking care of her.51. Over 42 million caregivers helped an adult with everyday activities in the USA in 2009.52. If a family needs information or help to sort out disagreements, there are many people they can call on.53. Caregivers should pay attention to their own health, or they may burn out or become depressed.54. One will have to petition the court to be the parent’s legal guardian, if there is no advance directive.55. The national median cost of assisted living in 2011 was $39,135 and it is not covered by Medicaid.。
四级段落匹配阅读练习题及答案解析
四级段落匹配阅读练习题及答案解析A Battle is Looming over Renewable Energy,and Fossil Fuel Interests are LosingA. In state capitals across the country,legislators are debating proposals to roll back environmental rules，prodded by industry and advocacy groupseager to curtail缩减regulations aimed atcurbing greenhouse gases.B.The measures，which have been introduced in about 18 states，lie at the heart of an effort to expand to the state level the battle over fossil fueland renewable energy.The new rules wouldtrim or abolish climate mandates--including those that require utilities to use solar and wind energy,as well as proposed Environmental Protection Agency rules that would reduce carbonemissions from power plants.C.But the campaign—despite its backing from powerful groups such as Americans for Prosperity—has run into a surprising roadblock：the growing political clout of renewable-energy interests，evenin rock-ribbed Republican states such as Kansas.D. The stage has been set for what one lobbyist called“trench warfare”as moneyed interests on both sides wrestle over some of the strongest regulations for promoting renewable energy.And theissues are likely to surface this fall in the midterm elections，as well，with Califomia billionaire Tom Steyer pouring money into various gubernatorial州长的and state and federal legislativeraces to back candidates who support tough rules curbing pollution.E.The multi-pronged conservative effort to roll back regulations，begun more than a year ago，is supported by a loose，well.funded confederation that includes the U.S.Chamber of Commerce，theNational Association of Manufacturers and conservative activist groups such as Americans for Prosperity,a politically active nonprofit organization founded in part by brothers David andCharles Koch.These groups argue that existing government rules violate free-market principles and will ultimately drive up costs for consumers.F.The proposed measures are similar from state to state.In some cases，the legislative language matches or closely resembles model bills and resolutions offered by the American LegislativeExchange CouncilALEC，a free-market.oriented group of state lawmakers underwritten in part by Exxon Mobil，Koch Industries，Duke Energy and Peabody Energy.“Now more than ever is the time forstates to lead the wa y,”ALEC’s top officials told its members at a meeting in December.G.The coalition campaigns have achieyed only symbolic victories in a few states.Nonbinding resolutions critical of the EPA power plant proposals have been approved inAlabama，Georgia，Nebraska，West Virginia and Wyoming.Three otherstates--Louisiana.Missouri and Ohio—are weighing legislation similar to the ALEC model.H.Only one of the 18 state legislatures has approved a more substantive measure that would replace the EPA’s powe r plant rules.And even that bill.in Kentucky,could backfire by giving up achance for the state to design its own program and forcing it to accept a federal compliance program.I.“Clean energy is beginning to become mainstream，”said GabeEisner,executive director of the Energy and Policy Institute，a clean-energy think tank in Washington.“Renewable energy is popularand has increased political power now,”but，he added，“that power is still eclipsed by the resources of the fossil fuel industry.”A surprisingly tough fightJ.Kansas might be the best place to see how these dynamics are unfolding.K.The state was a promising choice for a foray攻击against rules known as renewable-energy standards.which set minimum levels of renewable-energy use by electric utilities.Variations of theserules have been adopted in about 30 states.even though Congress did not pass a federal version of the requirement.In Kansas，a law passed in 2021 requires utilities to use wind and solar powerto generate at least 15 percent of their electricity bv 2021 and 20 percent by 2021.L.The coalition seeking the repeal of the renewable mandate had all the ingredients for success.Financial.muscle came from the Kansas Chamber of Commerce，which lobbied heavily for repeal.Inaddition，the state is home to Koch Industries，the Kochbrothers’Wichita-based energy conglomerate集团.The state representative for Wichita，Republican Dennis Hedke，has called the company“one ofthe greatest success stories in the world”and said“they are makingvery positive contributions.”Hedkechairs the state House’s Energy and Environment Committee.M.Koch Industries，along with the utility industry’s Edison Electric Institute and the nation’s biggest coal company,Peabod y Energy,have supported ALEC.which advised state lawmakers on repealstrategy.N.“Koch has consistently opposed all subsidies and mandates across the board.especially as it relates to energy policy,”Philip Ellendea presidentand chief operating officer of Koch CompaniesPublic Sector,said in a statement，citing the company’s opposition tothe renewable fuel standard，wind production tax credit and ethanol乙醇mandate.“Government should not mandate the allocationor use of natural resources and raw materials in the production of goods.”O.The ideological case was supported by conservative think tanks.Kansansfor Liberty supposed repeal.and the state branch of Americans for Prosperity told supporters that“green energymandates replace the free-market with bureaucratic government oversight，driving up costs for hard—working Kansas families.”The national group has spent$300.000 in the state pushing for therollback of renewable standards.P.Connections to key Kansas politicians also were stron9.Both the Kansas state Senate’s president.Susan Wagle，and the speaker of the state House，Ray Merrick，are members of the ALEC board andbacked repeal.“The repeal of the RPS[Renewable Portfolio Standards]fits in line with the goals of the organization，”said Wagle，who said she joined ALEC in the 1990s in connection with heropposition to health-care reforln led by Hillary Rodham Clinton.then the first lady.Q.Moreover’the Kansas economy relies heavily on fossil fuels.The state iS the nation’s 10th.1argest producer of crude oil and l 2th-largest of natural gas，according to the federal EnergyInformation Administration.In 2021，coal-fired power plants provided 61 percent of the state’s electricity,well above the national aver age.But the strong winds that blow across Kansas havecarried new interests into the state.Kansas ranks sixth in the countryin wind output，which jumped by a third last year and equaled 19 percent of the state’s electricity,the EIA says.R. The growing number of wind farms not only generates power but royalties for landowners.Dorothy Barnett，executive director of the Climate and Energy Project，said that Kansas landownersreceive more than$1 3 million a year.“This issue is an issue that touches rural Kansans，and we have a lot of rural Kansas legislators，”she said.46.Resolutions with no binding force which are picky about the EPA power plant proposals have been accepted in many states such as Alabama and Georgia.47.It is hopeful to gain success if Kansas is chosen as the foray against the rules of renewable-energy standards which minimize the renewable-energy use by power plants.48.Koch Company’s Philip Ellender cited the company’s opposition to the renewable rules to approve its objection to all energy-policy-concerning subsidies and mandates，and advised thatgovernment let go of the allocation or use of materials used in goods production.49.The issue is a problem that concerns the benefits of people in therural Kansas，and we have a great many lawmakers from rural parts of Kansas.50.The requirement to abolish the RPS complies with the organization’s targets.51.The methods adopted by the l 8 states are the kernel of the attempts to level up the battle between fossil fuel and renewable energy.52.The stage is established for the so-called“Wench warfare”，for the monetary benefits of both parts have been violated by the most powerful rules to spread renewable energy.53.The league which requires abolishing the renewable mandate had all the factors to achieve success.54.However,the winds that sweep across Kansas have brought new benefits to the state.55.The all-sided efforts which roll back the renewable rules have been backed by a confederation with abundant capital，the members of which go against the existing govemment rules.46.Resolutions with no binding force which are picky about the EPA power plant proposals have been accepted in many states such as Alabama andGeorgia.那些对EPA电力公司的建议很挑剔的，不具有约束力的决议得到了阿拉巴马和佐治亚等州的支持。
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长篇阅读——匹配题Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questionsby marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Passage 1Paper —More than Meets the EyeA) We are surrounded by so much paper and card that it is easy to forget just how complex it is. There are manyvarieties and grades of paper materials, and whilst it is fairly easy to spot the varieties, it is far more difficult to spot the grades.B) It needs to be understood that most paper and card is manufactured for a specific purpose, so that whilst thecorn-flake packet may look smart, it is clearly not something destined for the archives. It is made to look good, but only needs a limited life span. It is also much cheaper to manufacture than high grade card.C) Paper can be made from an almost endless variety of cellulose（纤维素化合物）-based material which will includemany woods, cottons and grasses of which papyrus is an example and from where we get the word "paper". Many of these are very specialized, but the preponderance of paper making has been from soft wood and cotton or rags, with the bulk being wood-based.Paper from WoodD) In order to make wood into paper it needs to be broken down into fine strands. Firstly by powerful machinery andthen boiled with strong alkalies(碱) such as caustic soda, until a fine pulp of cellulose fibers is produced. It is from this pulp that the final product is made, relying on the bonding together of the cellulose into layers. That, in a very small nutshell, is the essence of paper making from wood. However, the reality is rather more complicated. In order to give us our white paper and card, the makers will add bleach and other materials such as china clay and additional chemicals.E) A further problem with wood is that it contains a material that is not cellulose. Something called lignin. This isessential for the tree since it holds the cellulose fibres together, but if it is incorporated into the manufactured paper it presents archivists with a problem. Lignin eventually breaks down and releases acid products into the paper. This will weaken the bond between the cellulose fibers and the paper will become brittle and look rather brown and careworn. We have all seen this in old newspapers and cheap paperback books. It has been estimated that most paperback books will have a life of no greater than fifty years, not what we need for our archives.F) Since the lignin can be removed from the paper pulp during manufacture, the obvious question is "why is it left inthe paper". The answer lies in the fact that lignin makes up a considerable part of the tree. By leaving the lignin in the pulp a papermaker can increase his paper yield from a tree to some 95%. Removing it means a yield of only 35%. It is clearly uneconomic to remove the lignin for many paper and card applications. It also means, of course, that lignin-free paper is going to be more expensive.G) However, it is nevertheless what the archivist must look for in his supplies. There is no point whatsoever incarefully placing our valuable artifacts in paper or card that is going to hasten their demise. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials, causing them to fade and in some cases simply vanish!H) So, how do we tell a piece of suitable paper or card from one that is unsuitable? You cannot do it by simply looking,and rather disappointingly, you cannot always rely on the label. "Acid-free" might be true inasmuch as a test on the paper may indicate that it is a neutral material at this time. But lignin can take years before it starts the inevitable process of breaking down, and in the right conditions it will speed up enormously.I) Added to this, as I have indicated earlier, paper may also contain other materials added during manufacture such asbleach, china clay, chemical whiteners and size. This looks like a bleak picture, and it would be but for the fact that there are suppliers who will guarantee the material that they sell. If you want to be absolutely sure that you are storing in, or printing on, the correct material then this is probably the only way.J) Incidentally, acids can migrate from material to material. Lining old shoe boxes with good quality acid-free paper will do little to guard the contents. The acid will get there in the end.Paper from RagK) Paper is also commonly made from cotton and rag waste. This has the advantage of being lignin-free, but because there is much less cotton and rag than trees, it also tends to be much more expensive than wood pulp paper. You will still need to purchase from a reliable source though, since even rag paper and card can contain undesirable additives.L) A reliable source for quality rag papers is a recognized art stockiest. Many water color artists insist on using onlyfine quality rag paper and board.M) The main lesson to learn from this information is that you cannot rely on purchasing archival materials from the high street. The only safe solution is to purchase from specialist suppliers. It may cost rather more, but in the end you will know that your important and valuable data and images have the best home possible.1. The corn-flake packet is cheaper than high grade card.2. There are a lot of materials which can be used for making paper, but the superior ones are soft wood, cotton and rags.3. During the whole manufacturing process, the final product is made from a pulp of cellulose fibres.4. In order to make white paper and card, the makers will add bleach.5. Lignin is essential for the tree but it will make paper easy to break.6. Many paper producers will preserve lignin during manufacture, because leaving the lignin will make more paper from a tree.7. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials.8. If the lignin is removed from the paper, the paper will be more expensive.9. Although free of lignin, paper made from cotton and rag waste can also cost more money than wood pulp paper because there is much less cotton and rag than trees.10. What we can learn from “Paper from Rag” is that you had better buy archival materials from specialist suppliers.文章精要：本文主要介绍了我们平常所见所用的纸的复杂性，通过介绍用木头和破布料造纸的过程，使我们对纸的类别、属性有了更深入的了解。