虚拟语气详解(自用版)

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(完整word版)虚拟语气用法详解(word文档良心出品)

(完整word版)虚拟语气用法详解(word文档良心出品)

虚拟语气用法详解一、条件句中的虚拟语气1. 条件句中虚拟语气的形式从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件,主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。

条件句中的2. 条件句中的虚拟语气的举例(1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。

如:If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话,他就会充分利用他的时间了。

If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话,他会通知我们一声。

(2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。

如:If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话,它会帮助我们的。

If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话,它会对你很熟悉。

(3)过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。

如:If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影,我会把电影内容告诉你了。

If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿,我就会会到了李先生。

3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时,须注意的几个问题(1)当从句的主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词若是系动词be时,可用was 代替were。

但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were 中,只能用were。

如:Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我还年轻十岁的话,我会去国外学习。

If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话,我要尽力抓住这次机会。

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。

虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。

一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。

例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。

例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。

例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。

高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法和情况

高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法和情况

高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法和情况虚拟语气是英语中的一种特殊语气,用于表达与事实相反、与现实相反或与说话人的愿望、建议、命令等相反的假设情况。

在高中英语学习中,掌握虚拟语气的正确用法对于理解和准确表达意思至关重要。

本文将归纳总结高中英语中虚拟语气的用法和情况。

一、虚拟语气的基本情况1. 过去虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)过去虚拟语气用于表示与现在事实相反的虚拟状态或行为。

例如:If I were you, I would study harder.如果我是你,我会更努力学习。

2. 现在虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)现在虚拟语气用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟状态或行为。

例如:I wish I lived in a big city.我希望我住在一个大城市。

3. 将来虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)将来虚拟语气用于表示与现在或将来事实相反的虚拟状态或行为。

例如:If it should rain tomorrow, we would cancel the picnic.如果明天下雨,我们会取消野餐。

二、虚拟语气的具体用法1. 虚拟条件语句虚拟条件语句用于表示与现实相反的条件情况。

例如:If she were here, she would help you.如果她在这里,她会帮助你。

2. 虚拟愿望语句虚拟愿望语句用于表达对于现在或将来不可能实现的愿望。

例如:I wish I had more free time.我希望我有更多的空闲时间。

3. 虚拟建议语句虚拟建议语句用于表示对于过去的事情提出建议。

例如:I wish you had listened to me earlier.我希望你早点听我的话。

4. 虚拟命令语句虚拟命令语句用于表示对于过去的事情给出命令或要求。

例如:I demanded that he apologize immediately.我要求他立即道歉。

(完整版)虚拟语气详解

(完整版)虚拟语气详解

虚拟语气详解虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望(往往与客观事实相反),或是表示假象和猜测。

虚拟语气无论从形式上还是时态上都比较复杂,需要归类记忆。

虚拟语气大体分为三类:(1) be型虚拟(2) were型虚拟(3) if 条件句及主句虚拟下面会详细说每种虚拟形式的特征和规律,考试时先判断属于哪种虚拟类型,剩下的皆是套路~(1)be型虚拟(基本是套路)形式:should + 动词原形,should可以省略用法:1)表示“命令、建议、要求”等意义词语之后的宾语从句用be型虚拟,常见的词如下: demand, desire, insist, order, ask, command, propose, recommend, suggest, prefer, require, request等最常见的形式是这类动词后面接着一个宾语从句,则宾语从句的谓语部分要用(should)+ 动词原形来虚拟例: We demand that the meeting(should)be postponed.The manager suggested that we (should) work together.注意:有时候你所见到不一定是上述动词引导的宾语从句,而是由上述词变体后所引导主语从句(it做形式主语,如:it is advised/ suggested/ requested/ ordered/ proposed that…)、表语从句或同位语从句例如:It is required that the students (should) learn a foreign language. (主语从句) The requirement is that all the equipment in the meeting room (should) be checked twice before. (表语从句)We didn’t stand for his proposal that the meeting (should)be postponed. (同位语从句)只要看到句中有上述动词或其变体,不管词性怎么变、句型怎么变,都用be型虚拟!特例:suggest和insist这两个比较特殊,当suggest作“暗示、表明、说明”讲,insist作“坚持说”讲,后面一般跟的是客观事实,不需要虚拟~这是一个比较重要的考点,体会下面两组句子:We all suggest that a lab (should) be built. 我们都建议建一个实验室。

高中英语之虚拟语气详细讲解

高中英语之虚拟语气详细讲解

虚拟语气(1)——倒推时态类定义:虚拟语气是一种动词形式,有两种意思 1.表示说话人所说的不是事实,而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(非真实条件状从和让步状从)2.表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议(名词性从句:主宾表同)使用情景 1.用来表达一个假设或纯粹的意愿(与事实相反或不太可能实现)(如果我是宇航员,我要在月球上跳舞)2.用来缓和语气,使句子更委婉、礼貌、得体(如果你能接受我的邀请,我将不胜感激)3.表示烦恼、不耐烦等情绪(你要是能考上大学,全家都烧高香了)4.表示适度的责备或批评(如果你那时更耐心点,现在我们都成功了)5.表示美好的祝愿或祝福(祝你成功)1.虚拟条件句一般虚拟条件句混合虚拟语气(错综时间条件句)定义:条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为发生的时间不一致例子:If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.如果那时你听了我的建议,现在已经好了If it hadn’t been for you, I would have to make another trip there tomorrow.如果不是你的话,我明天还要再走一趟。

If you had studied hard before,you would be a college student now.如果你以前努力学习的话,你现在就是大学生了。

省略+倒装当虚拟条件句的谓语动词中含有were,should,had时,if可以省略,并将were,should,had提前于句首,变为倒装句。

如果虚拟条件句是否定句,not 保留在原处If he should agree to go there, we should send him there.= Should he agree to go there,we should send him there.If she were there,she would agree with us.= Were she were, she would agree with us.If he had learnt about computers,we would have hired him.= Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him.含蓄虚拟条件句定义:有时为了表达的需要,在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件状语从句,而是通过其他手段来代替条件从句分类:1) but for....=(If it+be not for) ;without;Without your help ,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.= But for your help,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.= If it hadn’t been for your help,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.没有你的帮助,我们不可能完成任务。

(完整word版)虚拟语气

(完整word版)虚拟语气

虚拟语气
一、虚拟语气的概念
陈述语气:表示客观真实,语气较强
虚拟语气:表示主观假设,语气较弱
一般使用的情态动词为would/could/should/might简写为wcsm 解题步骤:①判断那种类型的虚拟②判断主句/从句③判断时态二、一般条件句的虚拟语气
三、特殊条件句的虚拟语气
①错综条件句(从句过去式,主句现在式)
②省略条件句(从句倒装,主句正常)
③含蓄条件句
without/but for的含蓄条件句一般翻译为:要是没有。

.。

but的含蓄条件句一般翻译为:...。

但是。

.
or/otherwise的含蓄条件句一般翻译为:。

.。

否则。

.四、其他句型的虚拟语气
①时间型
②should型。

高中必备知识点解析虚拟语气的形式与用法

高中必备知识点解析虚拟语气的形式与用法

高中必备知识点解析虚拟语气的形式与用法虚拟语气是高中英语必备的语法知识点之一。

它在英语中经常被用于表达假设、愿望、建议、命令和推测等情态,通过使用虚拟语气,可以使语言更加丰富和准确。

本文将深入解析虚拟语气的形式与用法。

一、虚拟语气的形式1. 虚拟语气的一般现在时:用于表示与现在事实相反的情况。

其结构为:主语+动词原形(倒装)。

例如:If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更加努力学习。

)2. 虚拟语气的一般过去时:用于表示与过去事实相反的情况。

其结构为:主语+动词过去式(倒装)。

例如:If I had seen her yesterday, I would have said hello.(如果我昨天见到她,我会问好的。

)3. 虚拟语气的过去完成时:用于表示对过去情况的猜测或不可能发生的情况。

其结构为:主语+动词过去完成式(倒装)。

例如:I wish I had studied harder for the exam.(我希望我为考试努力学习。

)二、虚拟语气的用法1. 表达假设与条件:If I were you, I would travel around the world.(如果我是你,我会环游世界。

)I wish I had a million dollars.(我希望我有一百万美元。

)2. 表达愿望与建议:I wish you would stop smoking.(我希望你戒烟。

)It's important that she arrive on time.(她按时到达很重要。

)3. 表达命令与要求:The teacher ordered that the students be quiet.(老师要求学生们保持安静。

)She insisted that he leave immediately.(她坚持要他立刻离开。

)4. 表达推测与猜测:He looks as if he were sick.(他看起来像是生病了。

英语学习_非常详细的虚拟语气讲解_必备

英语学习_非常详细的虚拟语气讲解_必备

虚拟语气讲解虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

如:①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。

②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。

③May you succeed!祝您成功!虚拟语气在语法里算得上是个难点。

让我们就从最简单的开始吧。

第二部分:简单句中的虚拟语气一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气,常用于日常会话中。

如:⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗?⑵.It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好别熬夜到很晚。

二、表祝愿。

1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿,但愿,此时may须置于句首(多用于正式文体中)。

⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好运!⑵、May you be happy!祝你快乐!⑶、May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就!⑷、May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。

⑸、May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。

⑹、May you be happy. (注意那个be ) 祝你幸福。

2、用动词原形。

例如:(1).Long live the people! 人民万岁!(2).“God bless you,”sai d the priest.牧师说:“愿上帝保佑你!”(3).Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快!三、表示强烈愿望。

(该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形,第三人称单数也不加“s”)(1).God save me.(2).Heaven help us.四、表命令1.命令虚拟语气只能用在第二人称(you),而且通常省略主语(也就是you)。

初中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的种类与用法

初中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的种类与用法

初中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的种类与用法虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)是英语中的一种特殊语气形式,用于表示非现实的情况、假设、愿望、建议等。

虚拟语气主要有以下几种种类和用法。

1. 条件虚拟语气(Conditional Subjunctive)条件虚拟语气用于描述与现实情况相反或不可能实现的假设条件。

它通常由if引导,用以表示与现实情况相反的假设。

条件虚拟语气的句子通常由主语+谓语动词的过去式构成,次要句则使用过去完成时。

例如:- If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky.(如果我是一只鸟,我就会在天空中飞翔。

)2. 建议虚拟语气(Subjunctive for Suggestions)建议虚拟语气用于表示建议、要求、命令、主动要求等含义。

它通常由动词原形构成,谓语动词后不加s或es。

例如:- I suggest that he study harder.(我建议他更加努力学习。

)3. 祝愿虚拟语气(Subjunctive for Wishes)祝愿虚拟语气用于表示对于现在或过去事实的一种虚构愿望,无法实现或不可实现。

它通常由动词原形构成。

例如:- I wish I were a famous singer.(但愿我是一名著名歌手。

)4. 委婉语气(Subjunctive for Politeness)委婉语气用于表示礼貌、客气、委婉的说法,常用于祈使句、建议句、感谢句等。

它通常由动词原形构成。

例如:- Would you mind closing the window?(您介意关上窗户吗?)5. 愿望虚拟语气(Subjunctive for Desires)愿望虚拟语气用于表示对于将来可能的愿望,但很少说成真的可能性。

它通常由动词原形构成,常与情态动词“would”连用。

例如:- I hope she would come to my party.(我希望她能来参加我的派对。

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)if+主语+had+过去分词+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词+其他例:1.XXX,XXX如果我知道你要来,我就会准备些食物的。

(事实:我不知道)2.XXX,XXX.如果我当时研究更努力些,我就能通过考试了。

(事实:我没有用功研究)3、表示与将来事实相反的情况:if+主语+were/should+动词原形+其他+主语+would/could/might+动词原形+其他例:1.IfIwereyou,XXX.如果我是你,我不会那样做。

(将来:我不可能成为你)2.XXX,XXX.如果下雨了,带上这把伞。

(将来:不一定会下雨)1.If I had arrived earlier。

I would have been able to meet her。

(Fact: I arrived late)2.If he had XXX my advice。

he would not have made such a mistake。

(Fact: He didn't listen to me)3.If he were to come here tomorrow。

I would talk to him。

(Fact: It's XXX he will come)In expressing ns。

orders。

requests。

etc。

the subjunctive mood is often used in the object clause。

with the verb in the form of "should + infinitive," which can be omitted.Other uses of XXX:1.The subjunctive mood is used in the object clause after "wish" to express a XXX fact。

虚拟语气the subjunctive mood 考点总结(自用)

虚拟语气the subjunctive mood 考点总结(自用)
II.半真半假:(真:时态、语态;假:虚拟)
but for, without,现/将:would/could/should/might+V.(原形)
otherwise( unless otherwise
stated,……), or ,but:过去:would/could/ should /might have done
1.建议、要求、请求、命令
V. should + V.(原形) 2. It is important/necessary/natural/essential/strange/a shame/a pity/a decision…that
3. It is (high/about) time (that)+ clause (did/should V.(原形)
现/将:were / did
III.would rather + clause
过去:had done
注:would ratherdosth.
. I wish were / did
as if had done
if only would/could/should/might+V.(原形)
注:only if
should + V.(原形)
were to+ V.(原形)
would/could/ should /might +V.(原形)
1.
2.错综虚拟句:
3. if的省略倒装虚拟句:Were/ Had /Should
4. If there were not for……→Were it not for……
If there had not been for……→Had it not been for……

英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳

英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳

英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳虚拟语气(Subjunctive mood)是英语中一种特殊的语气形式,用于表示说话人的假设、愿望、建议、要求、命令等非真实情况。

虚拟语气在句子中通常与动词的调整和语法结构上的变化相关。

以下是对虚拟语气的语法知识的总结归纳:1.条件句中的虚拟语气:1.1 条件句中表示对现在的假设:使用虚拟语气的一般公式是:if + 主语 + 过去式,主句使用would/could/should/might + 动词原形。

例如:- If I were you, I would go to the meeting.(如果我是你,我会去开会。

)注意,这里的"were"是一个特殊的虚拟语气形式,用于所有人称和数。

- If she had studied harder, she might have passed the exam.(如果她努力学习,她可能会通过考试。

)1.2 条件句中表示对过去的假设:使用虚拟语气的一般公式是:if + 主语 + 过去完成时,主句使用would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词。

例如:- If I had known it, I would have told you.(如果我知道了,我会告诉你的。

)- If she had arrived earlier, she might have caught the bus.(如果她早点到,她可能会赶上公共汽车。

)2.虚拟条件句中的特殊情况:2.1 在虚拟条件句中表示命令、建议时,主句中的动词可以使用动词原形(而不是would/could/should/might + 动词原形)。

例如:- If you have any questions, please let me know.(如果你有任何问题,请告诉我。

)- If I were you, I would take a break.(如果我是你,我会休息一下。

虚拟语气的用法和常见句型

虚拟语气的用法和常见句型

虚拟语气的用法和常见句型虚拟语气是英语中一种用于表示假设、愿望、建议或与事实相反的情况的语法结构。

虚拟语气的存在增添了句子的表达层次,丰富了语言的表达能力。

在本文中,我们将探讨虚拟语气的用法和常见句型。

一、表示假设的虚拟语气1. 与现在事实相反的假设:如果我是亿万富翁,我会捐赠大部分财富给慈善机构。

2. 与过去事实相反的假设:如果我选了不同的专业,我的人生可能完全不同。

3. 与将来事实相反的假设:如果明天不下雨,我们就去郊游。

4. 表示过去某个时间点之前的假设:我希望我在展览开幕式上能见到那位艺术家,可惜我错过了。

二、表示愿望的虚拟语气1. 对现在或将来的愿望:我真希望你能成功。

2. 对过去的愿望:我真希望我参加了那个会议。

三、表示建议的虚拟语气1. 建议:他建议我尽早去见医生。

2. 要求:老师要求我们每天完成作业。

四、常见的虚拟语气句型1. If only... (要是...该多好)If only I were younger, I could join the marathon.(要是我年轻些就好了,我就可以参加马拉松了。

)2. It's time... (是时候...了)It's time we started planning for our summer vacation.(是时候我们开始为暑假计划了。

)3. I wish... (我希望...)I wish I had more time to spend with my family.(我希望我有更多时间陪伴家人。

)4. Suppose... (假设...)Suppose it rains tomorrow, what should we do?(假设明天下雨了,我们该怎么办?)5. If it were not for... (要不是因为...)If it were not for your help, I wouldn't have finished the project on time.(要不是因为你的帮助,我不会按时完成这个项目。

虚拟语气的种类及用法详解

虚拟语气的种类及用法详解

虚拟语气的种类及用法详解虚拟语气是英语中一种特殊的语法现象,用来表达与事实相反、与现实相悖或假设情况下的语气。

虚拟语气分为几种不同的形式,每种形式都有其特定的用法和意义。

本文将详细介绍虚拟语气的种类以及相应的用法。

一、虚拟语气的种类1. 条件虚拟语气(the conditional subjunctive)条件虚拟语气用来表达假设情况下的语气,指不太可能或不可能发生的情况。

具体形式上,条件虚拟语气由"if"引导的句子中使用"were"代替"was",虚拟语气的主要动词常为动词不定式。

例句:If I were a bird, I would fly to the highest mountain.(如果我是只鸟,我就飞到最高的山上。

)2. 建议虚拟语气(the subjunctive of suggestion)建议虚拟语气用于表达对他人的建议、命令或要求。

通常以动词原形出现。

需要注意的是,在现代英语中,建议虚拟语气的使用已经相对较少。

例句:I suggest that he eat more fruits and vegetables.(我建议他多吃水果和蔬菜。

)3. 祝愿虚拟语气(the subjunctive of wish)祝愿虚拟语气用来表达对与现实相反的愿望或希望。

主要由"as if"或"as though"引导的从句中使用虚拟语气形式的动词。

例句:I wish I were taller.(但事实上我并不高。

)4. 值得虚拟语气(the subjunctive of value)值得虚拟语气用于表达对某事的怀疑、否认、批评等感觉或观点。

常以"should"引导的从句中使用虚拟语气形式的动词。

例句:It is strange that she should arrive so late.(她竟然这么晚才到,真是奇怪。

虚拟语气讲解(整理)

虚拟语气讲解(整理)

(3)虚拟语气在 在主语从句中
A.在句型 “It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... ” 中,that 后面的从句中的谓语动词 用: should + 动词原形
1. 我们有必要出去散散步。 It’s necessary that we should have a walk now.
2.用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。 insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, require, request, demand, desire etc.
We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
7. It is of the utmost importance that you ______ here on time. a. be b. shall be c. are to be d. must be
三、虚拟语气在其他从句中
1. It is (high / about ) time that…从句中的谓 语动词用过去式或should+动词原形,should 不能省略. It is high time that you went / should go to school.
I would rather you told me the truth. I would rather you had gone there last Sunday.
4. as if ( as though) 看起来 常用虚拟形式,即 表示与现在事实相反,用过去式;与过去事实相反 用过去完成式 (had done).

英语虚拟语气知识点总结

英语虚拟语气知识点总结

英语虚拟语气知识点总结一、虚拟语气的概念:虚拟语气,是指表示说话者所说的情况并非现实或已经发生,或在说话时还不确定是否实现的一种语态。

其特点是句子中的动词形式属于虚拟语气。

二、虚拟语气的表达:1. 条件虚拟语气:表示与现在或未来事实相反的虚拟情况。

(1)主句用过去时,从句用过去完成时。

If I had known the truth, I would not have believed him.(如果我知道了真相,我就不会相信他了。

)(2)主句用过去式,从句用“had+过去分词”。

If he had worked harder, he would have passed the exam.(如果他更加努力学习的话,他就能够通过这个考试。

)2. 虚拟假设语气:表示想像中与现在或将来相反的事情。

(1)主句用过去时,从句用过去式。

If I knew his address, I would go there and see him now.(如果我知道他的地址的话,我现在就会去找他了。

)(2)主句用were,表示与过去的虚拟情况相反。

If I were you, I would study hard.(如果我是你的话,我会好好学习。

)3. 祝愿虚拟语气:表示转化为现实的愿望。

(1)主句用过去式,从句用过去完成式。

I wish I had known him earlier.(我希望我更早认识他。

)(2)主句用过去式,从句用would / could +动词原形。

I wish he could help me with my English.(我希望他能够帮助我学习英语。

)4. 建议虚拟语气:表示对假设的结果的建议。

If I were you, I would work harder.(如果我是你的话,我会更加努力工作。

)5. 明确表示否定的虚拟语气:If they didn’t arrive on time, they would miss the plane.(如果他们没按时到达,他们将会错过飞机。

初中英语语法知识总结之虚拟语气

初中英语语法知识总结之虚拟语气

初中英语语法知识总结之虚拟语气虚拟语气是英语中的一种特殊语气,用于表示与事实相反的假设、愿望、建议、命令等。

在初中英语中,虚拟语气是一个重要的语法知识点,掌握好虚拟语气的用法可以帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思。

下面是对初中英语虚拟语气的相关知识总结。

一、虚拟语气的用法1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气(与现在事实相反的假设)表示对现在情况的否定、假设或建议。

a) 与现在动作情况相反:If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更加努力学习。

)注意:“were”在这里被用作“was”的虚拟形式,表示与现在事实相反的假设。

b) 与现在实际情况相反:I wish I had more time.(我希望我有更多时间。

)注意:“I wish”后跟的是“had”,表示现在我没有更多时间的愿望。

2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气(与过去事实相反的假设)表示对过去情况的否定、假设或建议。

a) 与过去动作情况相反:If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(如果我当初学得更努力,我就能通过这次考试了。

)b) 与过去实际情况相反:I wish I had listened to my parents.(我希望我当初听了我的父母的话。

)3.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气(与将来事实相反的假设)表示对将来情况的否定、假设或建议。

a) 表示对将来情况的不可能性:If it were to rain tomorrow, we would cancel the picnic. (如果明天下雨,我们就会取消野餐计划。

)b) 表示对将来情况的愿望:I hope I will pass the exam. (我希望我能通过考试。

)二、虚拟语气的常见句型1. If only + 过去式表示很遗憾没有实现过去的愿望。

例如:If only I had listened to my teacher's advice, I would not have made such a mistake.(要是我当初听从了老师的建议,就不会犯这样的错误了。

虚拟语气详细讲解及经典习题 附答案

虚拟语气详细讲解及经典习题 附答案

虚拟语气一、考点聚焦1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中(1)表示与现在事实相反的假设,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be动词的过去式用were)”,而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。

如:If I were a boy, I would join the army.If the had time, she should go with you.(2)表示与过去的事实相反,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句中的谓语动词则用“would / should / might / could + have +过去分词”。

如:If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.(3)表示与将来事实相反,条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形,而主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/could might + 动词原形。

如;If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.(4)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。

如:If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在)Were I a boy, I would join the army.Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。

英语的虚拟语气知识点讲解

英语的虚拟语气知识点讲解

英语的虚拟语气知识点讲解一、虚拟语气的概念。

虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,表示所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑、推测或与事实相反的情况等。

二、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法。

1. 与现在事实相反。

- 条件从句的谓语动词用一般过去式(be动词一般用were),主句的谓语动词用“should/would/could/might + 动词原形”。

- 例如:If I were you, I would take an umbrella.(实际上我不是你)2. 与过去事实相反。

- 条件从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”,主句的谓语动词用“should/would/could/might+have +过去分词”。

- 例如:If he had taken my advice, he would have passed the exam.(实际上他没听我的建议,也没通过考试)3. 与将来事实相反。

- 条件从句的谓语动词有三种形式:一般过去式、“should+动词原形”、“were to+动词原形”,主句的谓语动词用“should/would/could/might +动词原形”。

- 例如:If it rained/were to rain/should rain tomorrow, we would not go out.三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。

1. wish后的宾语从句。

- 表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be动词用were)。

例如:I wish I were a bird.(实际上我不是鸟)- 表示与过去事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。

例如:Iwish I had seen the film yesterday.(实际上昨天没看这部电影)- 表示与将来事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。

例如:I wish I could fly to the moon tomorrow.2. 在表示建议、要求、命令等意义的动词后的宾语从句中(如suggest, advise, demand, require, order等)- 从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。

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虚拟语气详解(自用版)虚拟语气是一项语法难点,为了让学员们便于理解与记忆,我们把虚拟语气分成三大块来讨论:1.名词从句中的虚拟语气标志词+should+动词原形2.条件从句中的虚拟语气①三种基本态②倒装虚拟句③混时虚拟句④含蓄虚拟句⑤跳层虚拟句3.其它情形中的虚拟语气(wish/would rather/It’s high time…/If only…/lest)一.三种基本形态(1)表虚拟的时间if从句谓语形式主句谓语形式现在:did / were would (should, might, could)+do过去:had done/ had been would (should/might/could)+have done(been)将来:were to/ should+do would (should, might, could)+do三种基本形态(2)(这是基础,建议牢记下面的例句,争取能脱口而出)与现在事实相反:If I had enough money, I would buy a book.与过去事实相反:If I had had enough money, I would have bought a book.与将来事实相反:If I were to have enough money, I would buy a book.If I should have enough money, I would buy a book.二、倒装虚拟句(只能与过去/将来事实相反,省去if,只有三种倒装形式)Had I had enough money, I would have bought a book.Were I to have enough money, I would buy a book.Should I have enough money, I would buy a book.三、混合时间虚拟语气(主要是抓住时间状语)(对过去事实虚拟+对现在事实虚拟)If I had studied English at school, I could read the English novel now.(对现在事实虚拟+对过去事实虚拟)If she were not so careless, she wouldn’t have made such a mistake.四、含蓄虚拟句(在四级考试中目前还未出现此考点,但在阅读中常见)3. 虚拟语气用在主语从句中。

在句型“It is important (necessar y, strange, natural等) that...” 中,that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用(should) + 动词原形。

It's necessary that we should have a walk now. 我们现在有必要出去散散步。

What would I have done without you?But for their help, I would not have finished the task.But that the doctor arrived on time that day, they would have been dead.Given more time, I would have been able to finish the test.五、跳层虚拟句(即句子一半为虚拟,另一半为陈述语气;but前句用虚拟而or/otherwise 后句用虚拟)(but)He would put on weight, but he doesn't eat much. (与现在事实相反)He would have put on weight, but he didn't eat much. (与过去事实相反)(or, or else, otherwise)I forget where I read the article, or I would show it to you now. (与现在事实相反)Mary couldn't have received my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now. (与过去事实相反)六、名词从句虚拟语气(1) ask, advise, beg, command, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, require, recommend, request, suggest, urge等表示命令、要求、建议等含义的动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词用(should)+动词原形, eg. I suggest / suggested that we (should) go tomorrow.名词从句虚拟语气(2) It is +(形容词/过去分词/特定名词)+that的从句中,形容词主要是表示令人吃惊的、重要的、必要的、关键的等词汇。

形容词:astonishing, amazing, advisable, appropriate, crucial, desirable, essential, important, imperative, keen, necessary, natural, normal, odd, proper, preferable, strange, sorry, shocked, surprising, urgent, unusual, vital等。

名词从句虚拟语气(3) 过去分词:decided, desired, demanded, ordered, requested, recommended, suggested等;名词:advice, decision, desire, demand, suggestion, motion, pray, resolution, wish, preference, proposal, recommendation, requirement, idea, order等七、其它虚拟语气Wish…I wish I knew the answer.(与现在事实相反)I wish I had known the answer. (与过去事实相反)I wish you would shut up. (与将来事实相反)If only…If only I were taller. (与现在事实相反)If only he had followed your advice! (与过去事实相反)If only the rain would stop. (与将来事实相反)It is (high/about) time…It is time you thought about your future.would rather…I would rather you didn’t speak rudely to her. (与现在事实相反)I’d rather you hadn’t spoken rudely to her. (与过去事实相反)Lest…, in case…, for fear that…(引导的是目的状语从句,但可归入第六点(名词从句虚拟),这是因它们答案特征相同,即(should)+动词原形。

eg.He took his umbrella lest it should rain.大学英语虚拟语气考题总结:答案的特征1.(should)+动词原形(一般式/被动式/否定式)记住信号词(名词,动词,形容词,分词等)以及lest.2. 一般过去时:wish/If only…/would rather/It’s time (high/about) that….3.基本形式(主要考与过去和将来相反的虚拟语气),特别注意时间状语(混合时间虚拟)4.倒装的两个时间:与过去,与将来相反;三个形式(Had/Were/Should)提前大写,if省去;5.but/or/or else/otherwise(跳层虚拟语气)虚拟语气在四级考试中是一个必考的考点。

其中,最常考的是它在宾语从句中的用法。

一些表示主观判断、推测、建议、命令和要求的动词通常引起虚拟的宾语从句,此类动词后的宾语从句中采用should +do(其中should可以省略)的虚拟语气形式。

该类动词包括:(1)高中词汇:advise(劝告)、ask(要求)、decide(决定)、insist(坚持)、order(命令)、suggest(建议)等。

(2)四级常考词汇:command(命令)、demand(要求)、desire(渴望)、prefer(宁愿)、propose(提议)、recommend(劝告)、require(要求)等。

(3)其他词汇:consent(同意)、maintain(主张)、move(提议)、urge(极力主张)、vote(提议)等。

例句:I recommend that you be diligent if you want to pass the exam.如果你们想考试及格,我劝你们勤奋学习。

特别提示:在复习时,可以把相似用法归类记忆。

当一个动词后面的宾语从句中应使用(should)+do的虚拟语气形式时,则可推理出用法相同的以下一组从句(以动词advise 为例):(1)I advise that we stay and wait here.(动词后的宾语从句)(2)It is advised that we stay here.(It is +动词的过去分词+that引导的主语从句)(3)It is advisable that we stay here.(It is +由该动词派生的形容词+that引导的主语从句)(4)My advice is that we stay here.(由该动词转换的名词后面的表语从句)(5)I offered the advice that we stay here.(由该动词转换的名词后面的同位语从句)(6)I think it advisable that we stay here.(由该动词转换的形容词作宾语补足语,it为形式宾语,真正的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气)以上六类从句中谓语动词都使用了should +do的虚拟语气形式,其中,should可以省略。

由上类动词派生的常考名词有:advice(忠告)、deciion(决定)、demand(要求)、desire (渴望)、order(命令)、preference(偏爱)、proposal(建议)、recommendation(劝告)、requirement(要求)、suggestion(建议)等。

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