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定语从句和同位语从句解析

定语从句和同位语从句解析

定语从句和同位语从句解析定语从句和同位语从句解析导语:同位语从句指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句,属于名词性从句的范畴,同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明,被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。

下面是店铺给大家整理的定语从句和同位语从句解析的相关内容,希望能给你带来帮助!(一)定语从句解析定语从句,一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。

在主句中充当定语成分。

[1]被修饰的词叫先行词。

定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。

定语从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导,关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。

定义关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1)who, whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。

(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

3)which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:A prosperitywhich / thathad never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。

同位语从句与定语从句的区别

同位语从句与定语从句的区别

同位语从句与定语从句的区别一、性质不同同位语从句和主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句同属于名词性从句,表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容,它的作用相当于名词,对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释。

定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

二、引导词不同同位语从句的引导词多是that,whether,也有连接代词what,who,连接副词how, when, where等。

切记,if, which 不能引导同位语从句。

引导词在句中不充当任何成分。

定语从句的引导词有关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as等(没有what),关系副词where, when, why等。

引导词有连接定语从句、代替主句中的先行词,甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句及在定语从句中充当句子成分等作用。

三、先行词不同同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限,通常是抽象名词,有一定的内涵。

常见的有idea, situation thought, fact, evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question, theory, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, truth, possibility, promise, order,news, order, ability等等。

定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛,可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分甚至整个句子。:四、位置区别一般情况下同位语从句跟在先行词后,用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容;有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后,而被别的词语隔开,在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。

定语从句一般跟在它所修饰的先行词后面,有限定性和非限定性之分。

定语从句和同位语从句的区别

定语从句和同位语从句的区别

定语从句和同位语从句的区别1.同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系,即说明它前面名词的内容;而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或补充一些情况。

如:The news that l have passed the exam is true.我通过了考试这一消息是真的。

(同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。

)The news that he told me just now is true.他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。

(定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息。

)2.引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充当任何成份,而引导定语从句的that 是关系代词,除起连接作用外,还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。

如:The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。

(that在从句中不充当任何成份。

)The idea that he gave surprises many people.他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。

(that在从句中作gave的宾语。

)一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰,限定或说明,这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。

同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致,并常常紧挨在一起。

1:和先行词的关系不同。

同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容,二者是同位关系;定语从句修饰限定先行词,二者是修饰关系。

The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国.(第一个that引导的从句是定语从句,that在从句中作宾语)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.汤姆要出国的消息是他讲的.(同位语从句,that在句中不作任何成分)2:定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导,关系词在从句中担当相应的句子成分,作宾语时经常被省略。

同位语从句与定语从句

同位语从句与定语从句

同位语从句与定语从句同位语从句和定语从句一样通常都放在由名词充当的先行词后面, 且其先行词和关联词特点与定语从句先行词及关联词特点十分相似,极易混淆,不过两者的区别还是十分明显的。

1. 从句性质不同同位语从句属于名词性从句,是用来进一步解释或补充说明前面的名词;而定语从句是用来说明先行词的性质或特征,起修饰或限制的作用,与先行词的关系是修饰与被修饰的关系,从句相当于形容词。

例1:The plan that you will go there next week has to be changed.你准备下周去那里的计划得改变.析:认真分析语境含义及句子结构可知,从句为The plan的具体内容,因此该句为同位语从句。

例2:The news that he told me was false.他告诉我的消息是假的。

析:认真分析语境含义和句子结构可知,从句是用来修饰The news的, 因此该句为定语从句。

2.关联词作用不同定语从句的关联词在从句中作主语、宾语、时间状语、地点状语和原因状语等,而同位语从句的关联词在从句中不担任成分。

例1:The plan t hat I”ll stay there for a week can”t come true.我要在那儿呆一周的计划不能实现。

析:分析句子成分可知,that在从句中不作任何成分,因此该句为同位语从句。

例2:The plan that he raised was reasonable.他提出的计划合理。

析:that在从句中作宾语,因此该句为定语从句。

3.同位语从句先行词不同同位语从句的先行词就是被同位语从句解释说明的名词,因为它和同位语从句在内容上相同,因此常为一些体现一定内容的名词,如:hope, plan, fact, news, problem, truth, idea, information等,此时同位语从句具体介绍这些名词的内容。

同位语从句的先行词虽然体现同位语从句的内容,但在同位语从句中并不充当成分。

同位语从句与定语从句的区别

同位语从句与定语从句的区别

一、意义的不同同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的,它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号;而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的,它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来。

如:We are glad at the news that he will come. 听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。

(news的内容就是that he will come,故that引导的是同位语从句) We are glad at the news that he told us. 听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。

(that从句是限制the news的内容的,即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news,故that从句为定语从句)二、引导词的不同what, how, if, whatever 等可引导名词性从句,但不引导定语从句。

三、引导词的功能上的不同that引导同位语从句时,它不充当句子成分,而引导定语从句时,它作为关系代词,要么充当定语从句的主语,要么充当定语从句的宾语。

如上例that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。

四、被修饰词语的区别同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限,通常有hope, wish, idea, news, fact, p romise, opinion, suggestion, truth等,而定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛。

另外,when和where 引导定语从句时,通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词,而它们引导同位语从句时却不一定;又如why引导定语从句,它通常只修饰名词t he reason,而它引导同位语从句时则不一定。

如:I have no idea when they will come . 我不知道他们什么时候来。

(同位语从句)I’ll never forget the days when I lived there.. 我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。

(完整版)同位语从句与定语从句的区别(很经典的区别,有配套练习与答案)

(完整版)同位语从句与定语从句的区别(很经典的区别,有配套练习与答案)

同位语从句与定语从句的区别(配练习与答案)一、复习定语从句1.定义:该句子在复合句中作定语,像形容词一样起修饰作用。

2.特点:1)用陈述句语序。

2) 去掉从句主句仍是一个完整的句子。

3.位置:位于所修饰的名词之后,该名词叫做先行词。

4.引导词:1)关系代词:a) 在从句中可做主语,宾语,定语。

b) 分为:先行词为人:who(主,宾),whom(宾),whose(定), that(主,宾)先行词为物:which(主,宾), that(主,宾),whose(定)eg:The lady who is standing behind Tom is my sister.This is the book which I bought yesterday.c) 关系代词在从句中作宾语常常省略。

2)关系副词:a)在从句中作状语。

b)分为:when , where, whyeg:He came last night when I was out.新内容:1.词类:同从的名词只能是抽象名词;定从可是名词也可是代词I can’t stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly.His mother did all she could to help him with his study.2.性质:同从对前面的抽象名词进一步解释说明;定从对先行词进行修饰和限制。

The news that our team has won the game was true.The news that he told me yesterday was true.3.引导词: a. 同为that引导:同从中,that不充当任何成分,不可省;定从中,that作主,宾。

作宾语时可省。

b. 同为疑问词引导,同从可用what ,whether,how等,定从不可;同从引导词表疑问,定从不表疑问I have no idea what has happened to him.I remember the day when he told me that he loved me.一,单选。

同位语从句与定语从句

同位语从句与定语从句

先行词1.定语从句的先行词是名词或代词;而同位语从句的先行词只能是名词,而且仅限于idea,plan,fact,theory,promise,hope,news,doubt,truth,information,suggestion,question,thought,belief,conclusion等少数名词。

例如:①The boy (who is playing football)is my classmate.在本句中,括号部分是定语从句,其先行词是名词boy,它不能用作同位语从句的先行词。

②Those (who work hard)will succeed.在本句中,括号部分也是定语从句,其先行词是代词those,代词不能用作同位语从句的先行词。

③The fact (that he had not said anything),surprised everybody.在本句中,括号部分是同位语从句,其先行词是名词fact,它同样可以用作定语从句的先行词,④The fact (that you are talking about)is important.本句便是一例。

由以上分析可见,同位语从句的先行词一定可以用作定语从句的先行词,但定语从句的先行词不一定能用作同位语从句的先行词。

2.when,where,why引导的定语从句的先行词一定分别是表示时间、地点和原因的名词,而三者引导的同位语从句的先行词则肯定不是表示时间、地点和原因的名词。

例如:①I still remember the day (when I first came to Beijing).②I have no idea (when she will be back).在①句中,括号部分是when引导的定语从句,其先行词day是表示时间的名词;在②句中,括号部分是when引导的同位语从句,其先行词idea则不是表示时间的名词。

如何区别定语从句与同位语从句

如何区别定语从句与同位语从句

如何区别定语从句与同位语从句
定语从句和同位语从句有一些区别,可以从以下几个方面进行区分:
1.位置:定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词之后,而同位语从句通常
紧跟在所解释的名词或名词性短语之后。

例句:
- 同位语从句:Her hope, that she would pass the exam, motivated her to study hard.(她希望通过考试,这激励她努力学习。


2.释义关系:定语从句是为了对被修饰名词进行限定、修饰或描述,
起到修饰定语的作用;同位语从句是对所解释名词的解释、说明或进一步
阐述。

例句:
- 定语从句:The movie that I watched last night was very exciting.(昨天晚上我看的电影非常刺激。


- 同位语从句:The fact that he passed the exam surprised everyone.(他通过考试的事实让每个人都感到惊讶。


3.引导词:定语从句一般由关系代词或关系副词引导,而同位语从句
一般由“that” 引导。

例句:
- 定语从句:The girl who is standing over there is my sister.(正在那边站着的女孩是我妹妹。


- 同位语从句:The news that he won first prize made me happy.(他获得一等奖的消息让我很开心。


综上所述,通过定语从句和同位语从句的位置、释义关系和引导词等方面的区分,可以准确判断两者之间的区别。

同位语从句与定语从句

同位语从句与定语从句

同位语从句与定语从句的区别(一)同位语从句与定语从句形相似而实质不同,具体表现在以下几个方面:1. 被修饰的词不同:同位语从句的前面一般是数量有限的、表示抽象意义的名词;而定语从句的先行词是无数的指人或物名词。

2. 从句的作用不同:同位语从句表示同位名词的具体内容,而定语从句是对先行词的限制、描绘或说明。

3. 引导词不同:what, how, whether等不能用引导定语从句,但可用于引导同位从句。

4. 引导词的作用不同:引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充当任何成分;而引导定语从句的that为关系代词,在从句中充当一定的句子成分。

5. 判定定语从句和同位语从句的方法:由于同位语从句是用以说明被修饰名词的具体内容的,所它可以转换同位名词的表语;而定语从句则不能作这种转换。

同位语从句与定语从句的区别(二)一、从句法功能上来看同位语从句中连接词that在从句中不作句子成分,也没有词汇含义,只起连接作用,其作用大致相当于一个冒号;而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,且在句中充当句子的成分(主语或宾语)。

如:I hold the belief that where there is a will, there is a way. (that引导的是同位语从句,它在从句中不充当句子成分)The letter that I received yesterday was from my sister. (that引导的是定语从句,它在从句中充当宾语)二、从意义上来看同位语从句所表达的内容与作为中心词的名词所表达的内容是一样的,两者之间可以划等号;而定语从句则是限制或修饰中心词的,中心词所表达的内容不等于定语从句所表达的内容。

如:He told me the news that his uncle would come home from abroad on National Day. (that引导的是同位语从句,其中the news = his uncle would come home from abroad on National Day)This is the factory that we visited last month. (that引导的是定语从句,其中thefactory≠we visited last month.)三、从中心名词上来看同位语从句中的中心名词常是一些表示概括意义的抽象名词,这类名词有fact, idea, view, thought, order, suggestion, news, truth, hope, promise, answer, belief, condition, doubt, fear, problem, proof, question 等。

定语从句和同位语从句

定语从句和同位语从句

与定语从句相比,同位语从句有4大特点:1.从句和被修饰词的关系不一样。

定语从句: 修饰、描述、限定所修饰的名词。

同位语从句:补充说明前面的名词的具体内容。

2.定语从句的先行词一般没有特殊性,而同位语从句前的名词往往是以下这些:belief, fact, hope, idea, doubt, news, rumor, conclusion, evidence, suggestion, problem, order, answer, decision, discovery, explanation, information, opinion, possibility, truth, promise, report, statement3.如果是由that来引导,that在定语从句中作代词,而在同位语从句中作连词。

4.同位语从句一般由that引导,why,where,what等词也可以引导,但很少见。

which 不能引导同位语从句。

同位语从句与定语从句1.The news that they had won the match inspired us greatly.他们赢得了比赛的消息极大地鼓舞了我们。

2.The news that they told us yesterday proved true.他们昨天告诉我们的消息结果证明是真的。

析:判断that从句是定语从句还是同位语从句,方法是去掉that后,从句结构完整的,是同位语从句,不完整的是定语从句。

如句1,去掉that,从句为they had won the match,结构完整,所以句1中的从句为同位语从句;句2,去掉that,从句为they told us yesterday,缺少直接宾语,结构不完整,所以句5中的从句为定语从句。

同位语从句一般都是由连词that引导,补充说明前面的某一个名词,与该名词的关系较为松散,有时候为句子的平衡,可以把它们分开。

定语从句与同位语从句的区别

定语从句与同位语从句的区别

定语从句与同位语从句的区别定语从句和同位语从句都是从句的一种类型,它们在句子中起到不同的语法作用。

本文将详细介绍定语从句和同位语从句的区别。

1. 定语从句定语从句用来修饰一个名词,并且在句子中作为这个名词的定语。

它通常用于对名词进行描述、限定或者补充说明。

定语从句的特点是:- 定语从句通常使用关系代词或关系副词引导,如that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where等。

- 定语从句紧跟在名词后面,与名词之间用逗号或者引号分隔。

- 定语从句中的谓语动词通常要有主语,这个主语就是引导词在从句中所指代的名词。

以下是一些定语从句的例子:- The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。

)- The woman who is sitting next to me is my sister.(坐在我旁边的那个女人是我的姐姐。

)2. 同位语从句同位语从句用来说明名词,进一步解释或者补充名词的具体内容。

同位语从句通常由"是"、"为"、"包括"等引导语词引导。

同位语从句的特点是:- 同位语从句通常使用“that”引导,也可以使用“whether”或者“if”引导。

- 同位语从句与其所说明的名词之间用逗号或者引号分隔。

- 同位语从句中的谓语动词通常要有主语,这个主语就是从句中所表示的具体内容。

以下是一些同位语从句的例子:- The fact that he passed the exam made his parents proud.(他通过了考试这个事实让他的父母感到骄傲。

)- I'm not sure whether she will come to the party.(我不确定她是否会来参加派对。

)3. 虽然定语从句和同位语从句在形式上有一些相似之处,但它们在语法功能和用法上有明显的区别。

定语从句 vs 同位语从句(共19张PPT)

定语从句  vs  同位语从句(共19张PPT)

名词为单数)
引导词
that,which,who, whom,whose,wh en,where,why that,who,what,w hen,where,why,h ow,whether, what
Translate sentences below:
1.This was the period when Newton began the research which resulted in the creati on of his famous Theory of Gravity.
引导词的区别
1.引导词that 引导定语从句的that叫做关系代词,它除了起连接作用,还在定语从句中充
当成分(作宾语可省略),并且在意义上代表先行词;引导同位语从句的 that叫做从属连词,它只起连接作用且不可省略。 实例:①The news that you told me yesterday was really exciting. ② No one can deny the essential fact that the traffic problem over the last yea rs has caused wide pubic concern all over the world.
A.where B.which C.that D.at which
Practice makes perfect:
3.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ____________ road conditions need ____________.
语法功能和概念上的区别
实例:*There is a faint chance that you will find him at home. 若用“主+ 系+表”结构来表示,则是“a faint chance is that you will find him at home”,这在逻辑上成立。

定语从句与同位语从句(全)

定语从句与同位语从句(全)

定语从句详细讲解一、定义及相关术语1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。

定语的概念:(用来修饰名词的词)例:A beautiful girl an ugly dogThe girl behind the tree is Kate.The man driving too fast was drunk.定语从句(用一个句子来修饰名词)例:The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.The man who was driving too fast was drunk.2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

The man【who is shaking hands with my father】 is a policeman.该句中,who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句,修饰先行词the man,“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。

关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等;关系副词有when, where, why等。

关系词通常有下列三个作用:A.引导定语从句;B.代替先行词;C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。

The man【who is shaking hands with my father】 is a policeman.二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。

The boys「who are playing football 」are from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。

Those「who want to go to the museum 」must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。

定语从句和同位语从句的区别(完整版)

定语从句和同位语从句的区别(完整版)

1. 定语从句是形容词从句,其句法功能相当于一个形容词,与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或补充一些情况;而同位语从句是名词性从句,其作用相当于一个名词,与前面的名词是同位关系,是对前面的名词作进一步解释,即说明它前面名词的内容。

如:The news that he told me just now is true.他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。

(定语从句)The news that I have passed the exam is true.我通过了考试这一消息是真的。

(同位语从句)2. 同位语从句与其所修饰的名词之间是一种同位关系,二者之间存在逻辑上的系表关系,可用“主系表”结构来表示,而定语从句则没有这种关系。

如:The news that he won the first place is true.他赢得冠军的消息是真的。

(同位语从句)若用“主系表”结构来表示,则是:The news is that he won the first place. 那个消息是他赢得了冠军。

3. 定语从句的先行词可以是各类名词,而可跟同位语从句的名词通常只是news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,possibility 等少数几个。

因此,引导两种从句的连接词也不完全一样。

可以引导定语从句的连接词有that,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why 等。

可以引导同位从句的连接词有that,whether,when,where,how 等。

如:The factory which / that we visited yesterday is a chemical one.我们昨天参观的那家工厂是化工厂。

(定语从句)I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.我从王先生那里得知一个消息,他今天下午不能来看你了。

同位语从句和定语从句的区别

同位语从句和定语从句的区别

7. It was my suggestion that he … not be sent abroad.
A. would B. was C. must D. \
8. I will give this dictionary to … wants to have it.
A. whomever B. whoever C. whatever D. wherever
2. Word (News) came that our team won the game. 3. Who will go to find out the information when
they will set out to visit the Great Wall?
三、引导同位语从句的 that, whether,
(that 指代 the news)
Suddenly the thought came to me that he could
go blind. (同位从句)
The thought that he could go blind made me
feel sad. (同位从句)
(定从)
The thought that suddenly came to me is terrible.
同位语从句 与 定语从句的区别
一、同位语从句相当于一个名词,对前面的名词 起解释说明作用,而定语从句相当于一个形容词, 对前面的名词、代词起修饰限制作用。
The fact that they won the game pleased all of them. (that clause = the fact) The news that they told us cheered us all.

从句归纳 区分定语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句

从句归纳 区分定语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句

从句小结从句总述:从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。

由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词,故而这4种从句又通称名词性从句。

1.主语从句(Subject Clause):用作主语的从句叫主语从句。

引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等。

2.表语从句(Predicative Clause):用作表语的从句叫表语从句。

引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大都一样。

3.宾语从句(Object Clause):在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.4. 同位语从句(Appositive Clause):在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。

它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。

其关联词多为that。

状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、方位状语从句和时间状语从句等。

宾语从句学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:时态、语序、连接词。

一:时态和语序1·主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。

2·主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。

3·主句用过去时,从句是真理时,只用一般现在时。

语序:宾语从句只能用陈述句语序,坚决不能用疑问句语序。

二:连接词①从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether. that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.例句:He told that he would go to the college the next year他告诉我他下一年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.②连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.例句:Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?③连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.例句:He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.三:动词的宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.make sure确保make up one’s mind下决心keep in mind牢记例句:Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.四:可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.例句:I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.②有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.例句:I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.五:介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句例句:We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.六:形容词的宾语从句一般来说形容词不能带宾语,更不能带宾语从句。

同位语从句用法详解(含同位语从句与定语从句的区别讲解)

同位语从句用法详解(含同位语从句与定语从句的区别讲解)

同位语从句用法详解(例句丰富)一、同位语从句的引导词引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that,whether,连接代词和连接副词等。

1. 由that引导We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。

They were worried over the fact that you were sick. 他们为你生病发愁。

The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. 明天放假的消息不实。

I’ve come to the conclusion that it was unwise to do that.我得出结论这样做是不明智的。

The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen.那笔钱不见了这一事实并不意味着是被偷了。

He referred to Copernicus’ statement that the earth moves round the sun.他提到了哥白尼关于地球绕太阳转的说法。

【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。

如:They were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished.他们面对废除这个税的要求。

They expressed the wish that she accept the award. 他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。

There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一项建议是布朗应该离队。

The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman.采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。

(完整版)定语从句、同位语从句和强调句

(完整版)定语从句、同位语从句和强调句

必修二Unit1定语从句、同位语从句和强调句➢定语从句和同为语从句的区别1.从词类上区别同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等表示抽象意义的名词。

而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或整个主句。

如:We are looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.我们正在调查的是他是否值得信赖的问题。

(同位语从句)Word came that he had gone abroad.据说他已经出国了。

(同位语从句)The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.你找的那位医生在房间里面。

(定语从句,名词the doctor作先行词)Our team has won the game, which makes us very happy.(定语从句,which代表前面提到的整个句子)His mother did all she could to help him with his study.他妈妈尽最大努力帮他学习。

(定语从句,代词all作先行词)2.从性质上区别定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴。

如:The news that our team has won the game is true.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。

(同位语从句,补充说明news的内容。

)The news (that) he told me yesterday is true.昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。

定语从句与同位语从句的区别

定语从句与同位语从句的区别

同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别(1):整个同位语从句等于先行词,定语从句的引导词等于先行词。

I have no idea where he has gone. (同位语从句)idea = where he has gone我不知道他去哪儿了。

This is the school where I studied. (定语从句)这就是我曾经学习过的学校。

the school = whereWe must face the fact that we have spent all our money. (同位语从句)我们必须面对把钱都花完了的事实。

the fact = that we have spent all our moneyWho is the man that is standing by the door? (定语从句)站在门边的那个人是谁呀?the man = that特别注意:若是要判断同位语从句或定语从句仅凭本页的内容就够了,本页的内容已经切中要害了。

同位语从句和先行词是同等的关系;而定语从句是用来修饰先行词,是从属的关系。

The news that your team won the game is true. (that引导的是同位语从句)The news 的意义等同于 that your team won the gameThe news that you’ve heard isn’t true. (that引导的是定语从句)The news 的意义不等同于 that you’ve heard同位语从句和定语从句的区别(3):that在同位语从句中没有词义,不充当句子成分;而在定语从句中充当主语、宾语等句子成分。

We must face the fact (that) we have spent all our money. (同位语从句)我们必须面对把钱都花完了的事实。

定语从句与同位语从句

定语从句与同位语从句

但that还可以作连接代词(同位语从句)定语从句和同位语从句的引导词不同。

引导定语从句的此时关系代词和关系副词;引导同位语从句的词是连词、连接代词和连接副词。

关系代词that引导定语从句时,在从句中要充当一定的句子成分;而连词that和whether引导同位语从句是,只起连接作用,不充当句子成分。

关系副词和连接副词虽然都在从句中充当句子成分,作状语,但关系副词在引导定语从句时,其先行词受到一定的限制,就是说,when的先行词必须是表时间的词语;where的先行词必须是表地点的词语;why的先行词必须是表原因的词语;how的先行词必须是表方式方法的词语。

在同位语从句中,作为连接副词的上述四个词是不受限制的。

是比较下列的定语从句和同位语从句:1) I’ve always longed for the time when I should be able to be independent.我一直在盼望我能够独立的时刻。

(定语)I have no idea when he will return.我不知道他什么时候回来。

(同位语)2) We will start at the point where we left off. 我们将接着停下的地方开始。

(定语)She had no idea where Cork Street was, except that it was near Bond Street. 她不知道科克街在哪里,只知道它靠近证券街。

(同位语)3) Give me one good reason why I should help you. 给我一个应该帮助你的充分理由。

(定语)They have no idea why she left so suddenly. 我不知道她为什么这么突然离开。

(同位语)4) I know the way how they solved the problem. 我知道他们解决这个问题的方法。

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I once lived in the housewhoseroof has fallen in.我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房
子里。
三、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语句
关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。
The school (which / that) he once studiedinis very famous.
The personthat /whomyou introduced to me is very kind.你介绍给我的那个人很友好。
The seasonthat / whichcomes after spring is summer.春天以后的季节是夏季。
Yesterday I received a letterthat / whichcame from Australia.昨天我收到了一封来自澳
This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tenniswithyesterday.
大利亚的信。
5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语。
I visited a scientistwhosename is known all over the country.我拜访了一个全国知名的科
学家。
He has a friendwhosefather is a doctor.他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。
This is the pen( which )he bought yesterday.这是他昨天买的钢笔。
The film( which )they went to see last night was not interesting at all.他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。
4.that指人时,相当于who或whom;指物时,相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。
教案7.21
定语从句详细讲解
一、定义及相关术语
1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有when, where, why等。关系词通常有下列三个作用:
=The schoolin whichhe once studied is very famous.他曾经就读过的学校很出名。
Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you askedfor.
=Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazineforwhichyou asked.明天我将把你要的杂志带来。
注意:关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替,也可省略。
The man (whom / who)you met just now is my old friend.
3.which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。
Football is a gamewhichis liked by most boys.足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
A.引导定语从句;B.代替先行词;C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。
The manwho is shaking hands with my fatheris a policeman.
该句中,who is shaking hands with my father是定语从句,修饰先行词the man,“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。
Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see.明正是我想要见的男孩。
The professor (whom) you are waiting for has come.你正在等的教授已经来了。
The girl (whom) the teacher often praises is our monitor.老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。
The factorywhichmakes computers is far away from here.制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。
He likes to read bookswhichare written by foreign writers.他喜欢外国作家写的书。
The housewhichis by the lake looks nice.湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。
Yesterday I helped an old manwhohad lost his way.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the teacherwhoteaches us physics.那就是教我们物理的老师。
2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。
The boyswhoare playing football are from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Thosewhowant to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
The number of peoplethat / whocome to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
Where is the manthat / whomI saw this morning?我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿?
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