中级口译练习题

中级口译练习题
SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing; that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse; and that the cause is human activity, in the form of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.
世界上大多数气候科学家不但自己确信，也说服了很多外行人士（其中包括一些政界人士）-- 地球的气候正在改变；这种改变，从人类角度来看，是消极的；这种改变的始作俑者是人类，是由于排放超量的诸如二氧化碳等温室气体而造成的。

A minority, though, are sceptical. Some think that recent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end. Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be.
少数人对此表示怀疑。

一些人认为，最近有充分的数据表明地球平均气温上升是由于太阳辐射的自然波动，而且这种变化已接近尾声。

另一些人认为并没有决定性证据表明近现代的地球温度高于古代。

We believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it. That is the job of the politicians. But we do not believe that climate change is a certainty. There are no certainties in science. Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again. That is the job of the scientists.
我们深信，全球气候变暖是一个严峻的威胁，全人类都需要采取行动改变这种状况--这是政治家的职责。

但是我们并不认为气候变化已成定局。

科学无绝对。

流行的理论必须反复经过验证，才能下定论—这是科学家的工作。

【解析】
本次中口英译汉的文章节选自《经济学人》（The Economist）网站2009年11月26日的文章 A heated debate，配合当时的哥本哈根气候大会，属于事实热点，文字难度偏低。

第一段里的laymen是一个难点，这里的laymen是指不具有专业科学知识的外行，其中还包括政治家。

另外，后文的“for the worse”表示“事情在向坏的方面发展”。

第二段，有第一句统摄，后面分述两种情况，并列关系需要发出来，没有太多难点。

第三段给出了报刊自己的观点，分别对政治家和科学家提出了期望。

倒数第二段翻译被动语态时，需要注意，表达时要符合汉语习惯。

SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
豫园是上海著名的古典园林，已有400多年的历史。

花园设计独特，具有明清两代南方的建筑艺术的风格。

园内共有40余景，景色自然迷人，亭台楼阁、假山池塘和谐对称、协调均衡，其布局之精致自古闻名江南。

Renowned as a classical garden in Shanghai, the Yuyuan Garden dates back over 400 years. Its unique design is characterized by the styles of both the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which features the ancient southern architectures. The garden is dotted with 40 attractive scenic spots fascinating the tourists with its pavilions, pagodas, ponds and rockeries. The layout of the garden, which is harmoniously coordinated, has been earning the fame in South China for its delicacy since ancient times.
豫园原为明代一位大官的私家花园，始建于1559年，直到20年后才建成。

此后曾几经变迁，屡遭摧残。

所幸的是，从1949年上海解放时，园内的主要景点尚完好无损。

从1956年开始，豫园经过多次修缮，重现其昔日光彩。

The garden used to be the private garden of a prestigious government official in the Ming Dynasty. Founded in 1559, its construction was not completed until 20 years later. The vicissitudes and ravages ensued. Fortunately, the major scenic spots in the garden remained intact when Shanghai was liberated in 1949. The Yuyuan Garden managed to attain its rejuvenation after several renovations.
【解析】
本段是典型的对外宣传材料，文章以短句为主，很有汉语的音律美。

面对这类文章，我们应从意群出发，摆脱句式结构的限制。

这样才能写出符合英文习惯的译文。

例如：“园内共有40余景，景色自然迷人，亭台楼阁、假山池塘、和谐对称、协调均衡，其布局之精致自古闻名江南。

”，这里的四字短语，如果逐字逐句翻译的话，就不太好处理了。

译文将其处理成两个句子，利用英语的句子成分使语义丰满，这种翻译技法，大家可以借鉴学习。

2011年3月中级口译英译汉原文和参考答案
A majority of the world’s climate scientis ts have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing; that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse; and that the cause is human activity, in the form of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.
世界上大部分气候学家已经使他们自己及许多普通民众（包括一些政界人士）确信，地球的气候正处于变化之中；对人类而言，这一变化正日趋严重；罪魁祸首是人类活动，其表现形式为过量排放二氧化碳之类的温室气体。

A minority, though, are sceptical. Some think that recent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end. Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be.
但是，仍有一小部分人对此持怀疑态度。

一些人表示，虽然近期的数据表明地球的平均气温正在升高，但其原因是太阳辐射的自然波动，这一趋势可能临近结束。

另一些人认为并没有决定性证据表明近现代的地球温度高于古代。

we believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it. That is the job of the politicians. But we do not believe that climate change is a certainty. There are no certainties in science. Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again. That is the job of the scientists.
我们认为，全球变暖是人类面临的严重威胁，世界各国需要采取措施，竭力避免这一问题。

这是政治家的职责。

但是我们也相信气候变化并不是必然的。

科学无绝对。

盛行的理论必须不断得到实际证据的检验。

一旦搜集到了新的证据，就需要进行再次验证。

这是科学家的任务。

SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (45 minutes)
Part A: Spot Dictation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.
My topic for today’s lecture is communication, culture and work. When most people use the word culture, they think of people from different national backgrounds. National cultures certainly do exist and they play an important role in shaping the way people communicate, but there are other dimensions of culture too. Within a nation, regional differences can exert a powerful influence on communication. New Yorkers and Alaskans may find one another’s styles of behaving so different that they might as well be from different countries. Race and ethnicity can also shape behavior. So can age. The customs, values and attitudes of a twenty-year-old girl may vary radically from those of her parents who were raised in the 1960s or her grandparents who lived through the Great Depression and World War Ⅱ. Still, other differences can create distinctive cultures. Gender, sexual orientation, physical disabilities, religion and socio-economic background are just a few. All of these factors lead to a definition of culture as a set of values, beliefs, norms, customs, rules and codes that lead people to define themselves as a distinct group, giving th em a sense of commonality. It’s important to realize that culture is learned, not innate. A Korean-born infant adopted soon after her birth by American parents and raised in the United States will think and act differently than his or her cousins who grew up in Seoul. An African American who grew up in the inner city will view the world differently than he or she would if raised in the suburbs or in a country like France where African heritage has different significance than it does in the United States. The norms and values we learn as part of our cultural conditioning shape the way we view the world and the way we interact with one another. In short, culture has such an overwhelming influence on communication that famous anthropologist Edward Hall once rem arked, ‘culture is communication and communication is culture.’
【解析】
作为中口笔试听力第一题Spot Dictation，考试选用了文化题材的内容，考生对此类型题材应该并不陌生，但若不集中注意力，也会比较难把握文章的层次。

全文围绕关键信息“other dimensions of culture”，字面意思是其他的文化维度，指的是除国籍外其他造成文化差异的因素。

文章首先给出纽约人和阿拉斯加人在交流过程中行事风格不同的例子，提出了地域性差异造成文化差异的概念。

而后补充道不同人种和种族同样是形成文化交流差异的因素，紧接着文章便通过老中青三代人不同的思想意识观念的例子抛出了另外一个关键隐私——年龄。

文章还提出了一个较传统观念所不同的观点，It’s important to realize that culture is learned, not innate，即文化差异并非与生俱来，而是通过后天环境的影响逐渐形成的。

韩裔和非裔美国人的例子说明了这一点。