常用物理单词的中英文对照表
物理名词中英文对照
物理名词中英文对照必修1力学mechanics质点mass point参考系reference frame坐标系coordinate system路径path位移displacement矢量vector标量scalar速度velocity平均速度average velocity瞬时速度instantaneous velocity速率speedv~t图像v~t graph加速度acceleration匀变速直线运动uniform variable rectilinear motion初速度initial velocity自由落体运动free fall motion自由落体加速度free fall acceleration 重力加速度gravitational acceleration 力force重力gravity重心center of gravity万有引力gravitation电磁相互作用electromagnetic interaction强相互作用strong interaction弱相互作用weak interaction形变deformation弹性形变elastic deformation弹性限度elastic limit弹力elastic force劲度系数coefficient of stiffness胡克定律Hooke law摩擦力frictional force静摩擦力static frictional force滑动摩擦力sliding frictional force动摩擦因数dynamic friction factor合理resultant force分力components of force力的合成composition of forces平行四边形定则parallelogram rule共点力concurrent force力的分解resolution of force三角形定则triangular rule运动学kinematics动力学dynamic牛顿第一定律Newton first law惯性定律law of inertia牛顿第二定律Newton second law 单位制system of units作用力action反作用力reaction牛顿第三定律Newton third law超重overweight失重weightlessness必修2曲线运动curvilinear motion切线tangent抛体运动projectile motion抛物线parabola线速度linear velocity匀速圆周运动uniform circular motion 角速度angular velocity弧度radian向心加速度centripetal acceleration向心力centripetal force引力常量gravitational constant万有引力定律law of universal gravitation宇宙第一速度first cosmic velocity能energy势能potential energy动能kinetic energy功work功率power重力势能gravitational potential energy 弹性势能elastic potential energy动能定理theorem of kinetic energy机械能mechanical energy机械能守恒定律law of conservation of mechanical energy能量守恒定律law of energy conservation高考相关的物理学史内容（1）落体理论：亚里士多德：物体下落的快慢是由它们的重量决定，越重的物体下落的越快；伽利略：物体做自由落体运动时与物体本身的重量无关（2）胡克定律：弹力与弹簧形变量成正比（3）亚里士多德认为必须有力作用在物体上，物体才能运动；没有力的作用，物体就要静止在一个地方。
物理词汇-英汉对照.(DOC)
Aa.c. generator 交流发电机aberration 光行差，像差absolute index of refraction 绝对折射率absolute refractive index 绝对折射率absolute temperature scale 绝对温标absolute zero 绝对零度absorber 吸收体absorbing power 吸收能力，吸收本领absorptance 吸收比absorption 吸收absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption line 吸收谱线absorption spectrum 吸收光谱，吸收谱accelerate 加速acceleration 加速度acceleration due to gravity 重力加速度acceleration-time graph 加速度—时间关系线图accelerator 加速器acceptor 接受体acceptor doping 受体掺杂acceptor impurity 受体杂质accommodation 调节，视觉调节accumulator 蓄电池accuracy 准确度acetate strip 醋酸酯条片achromatic 消色差的achromatic aberration 消色差achromatic condenser 消色差聚光透镜achromatic light 消色差光，白光acoustic blur 声响模糊acoustic board 吸音板，吸声板acoustic navigation 声响导航acoustic pressure 声压acoustics 声学act on 施于action 作用量，作用，作用力action of point 尖端作用activation 激活，活化activation energy 激活能，活化能active nucleus 活性核，放射性核activity 放射强度，放射性adapter 接合器adder 加法器adhesion 附着力，附着，黏附adhesive force 附着力adiabatic 绝热的adiabatic expansion 绝热膨胀adiabatic process 绝热过程aerial 天线aerial induction 天线调谐电感aerial network 天线网络aerodynamic force 气动力，空气动力aerodynamics 气体动力学，空气动力学aerofoil 机翼agent 剂air blower 吹风器air column 空气柱，气柱air cushion 气垫air damping 空气阻尼air film 气膜air track 气垫导航air wedge 气楔alignment 对准，校整alpha decay α衰变alpha particle α粒子alpha particle scattering analogue α粒子放射模拟alternating current 交流电alternating voltage 交变电压，交流电压alternator 交流发电机altimeter 高度计，测高仪americiumammeter 安培计amorphous 非结晶的，无定形的ampere 安培，安ampere-hour 安培小时，安时amplification 放大，放大率amplifier 放大器amplify 放大amplitude 振幅amplitude modulation 调幅，振幅调剂amyl acetate 醋酸戊酯anaemia 贫血analogue 模拟analogue experiment 模拟实验analogue signal 仿真讯号，非数字讯号analogue-to-digital conversion 模拟转换analyser 检偏振器AND gate 「与」门anemometer 风速计aneroid barometer 无液气压计，空盒气压计angle of contact 接触角angle of deviation 偏向角angle of diffraction 衍射角，绕射角angle of dip 倾角angle of elevation 仰角angle of emergence 出射角angle of incidence 入射角angle of inclination 倾角angle of minimum deviation 最小偏向角angle of projection 投射角angle of reflection 反射角angle of refraction 折射角angle of twist 扭转角angstrom 埃angular acceleration 角加速度angular aperture 孔径张角angular displacement 角位移angular frequency 角频率angular impulse 角冲量angular magnification 角度放大，角放大率angular momentum 角动量，动量矩angular motion 角向运动，角运动angular seed 角速率angular velocity 角速度angular width 角宽度annealing 退火，韧化anode 阳极，正极anomalous expansion 反常膨胀antenna 天线anticlockwise moment 逆时针力矩antifreeze 防冻剂antinodal line 腹线antinode 波腹antiparticle 反粒子antiphase 反相，逆相aperture 孔径，口径，孔apparent depth 视深apparent expansion 表观膨胀，视膨胀apparent frequency 表观频率，视频率apparent loss in weight 表观失重apparent weight 表观重量Appleton layer 阿普顿层，F电离层aqueous layer 水层Archimedes' principle 阿基米得原理area 面积argon 氩armature 电枢artificial disintegration 人工蜕变artificial radioactivity 人工放射astable 非稳态的astable circuit 非稳态电路astable multivibrator 非态多谐振荡器astigmatism 像散，散光astronomical telescope 天文望远镜at infinity 在无穷远处at rest 静止atmosphere 大气，大气层，大气压atmospheric pressure 大气压强atom 原子atomic bomb 原子弹atomic bond 原子键atomic density 原子密度atomic diameter 原子直径atomic energy 原子能atomic mass 原子质量atomic mass unit 原子质量单位atomic model 原子模型atomic nucleus 原子核atomic number 原子序数atomic radius 原子半径atomic separation 原子间距atomic spacing 原子间距atomic structure 原子结构atomic theory 原子论atomizer 喷雾器attenuation 衰减attraction 吸引attractive force 吸力audible frequency range 听频范围audible signal 可听讯号audio frequency 声频autofocus 自动聚焦，自动对焦avalanche 电子雪崩average acceleration 平均加速度average power 平均功率average speed 平均速率average velocity 平均速度Avogadro constant 阿佛加德罗常数，阿佛加德罗常量Avogadro number 阿佛加德罗数Avogadro's law 阿佛加德罗定律axial 轴向的，沿轴的axial field 轴向场axial search coil 轴向探察线图axis 轴axis of rotation 转轴Bback e.m.f. 反电动势background radiation 本底辐射Bainbridge mass spectrometer 班布里奇质谱仪balance 天平，秤，平衡balance arm 秤杆，平衡臂balance point 平衡点balance bridge 平衡电桥balanced force 平衡力ball bearing 球轴承，滚珠轴承ballistic galvanometer 冲击电流计，冲击检流计ballistic pendulum 冲击摆Balmer series 巴耳末系，巴耳末光谱band spectrum 带状光谱，带状谱bandwidth 带宽bar code 条形码bar magnet 磁棒bare wire 裸线barium 钡barometer 气压计barrier 障碍物barrier layer 阻档层，耗尽层barrier potential difference 阻档层电势差，阻档层电位差Barton's pendulums 巴尔通摆base 基极base current 基极电流battery 电池组battery charger 电池充电器battery holder 电池座beaker 烧杯beam splitter 分束器，射束分离器beat 拍beat frequency 拍频becquerel 贝克勒耳，贝克bel 贝尔，贝bell jar 钟形罩bench mat 实验台垫Bernoulli's theorem 伯努利定律beryllium 铍beta decay β衰变beta particle β粒子biasing circuit 偏压电路biasing voltage 偏压biconcave lens 双凹透镜biconvex lens 双凸透镜bicycle dynamo 自行车发电机，脚踏车发电机bifilar pendulum 双线摆bifocal lens 双焦距透镜big bang model 大爆炸模型bimetallic strip 双层金属片，双金属片binary adder 二进加法器binary system 二进制binding 结合binding energy 结合能binoculars 双筒望远镜Biot-Savart law 毕奥—萨伐尔定律bipolar 双极的birefraction 双折射bistable 双稳态的，双稳器bistable circuit 双稳电路bistable multivibrator 双稳态多谐振荡器bit 二进制制，位black body radiation 黑体辐射block and tackle 滑轮组block diagram 方框图blocking capacitor 隔直流电器容blooming 敷霜，表面加膜Bohr atom 玻尔原子Bohr radius 玻尔半径Bohr theory 玻尔理论boil 沸腾，煮沸boiler 锅炉boiling point 沸点bolometer 辐射热计Boltzmann constant 玻耳兹曼常数，玻耳兹曼常量bombardment 轰击bond energy 键能bonding 键合Bourdon gauge 布尔登气压计bow wave 弓形波，舷波Boyle's law 博伊尔定律Brackett series 布喇开系，布喇开光谱Bragg angle 布喇格角Bragg diffraction 布喇格衍射，布喇格绕射Bragg plane 布喇格平面Bragg's law 布喇格定律brake 制动器breakdown potential 击穿电势，击穿电位breaking point 断点breaking strength 抗断强度breaking stress 致断应力breeder reactor 增殖反应堆bremsstrahlung 轫致辐射Brewster's law 布鲁斯特定律bridge circuit 桥式电路bridge rectifier 桥式整流器bright fringe 亮纹brightness 亮度brittle 脆的，易碎的bromine 溴Brownian movement 布朗运动brush 电刷bubble chamber 气泡室bubble raft model 泡筏模型buffer 缓冲器buffer circuit 缓冲电路bulk modulus 体积弹性模量Bunsen burner 本生灯buoyancy 浮力burette 滴定管burette stand 滴定管架burglar alarm 防盗警报器，防盗警钟buzzer 蜂鸣器by-pass 旁路byte 二进制组，字节Ccable 电缆cadmium sulphide 硫化镉caesium 铯calcite 方解石calibrate 校准，标上刻度calipers 测径器，卡钳calorie 卡路里，卡calorimeter 量热器camera 照相机cancer cell 癌细胞candela 坎德拉cantilever 悬臂capacitance 电容capacitance substitution box 换值电容箱capacitive circuit 电容电路capacitive component 电容性分量capacitive coupling 电容耦合capacitive discharge 电容性放电capacitive reactance 容抗capacitor 电容器capacitor-input filter 电容输入滤波器capacity 容量，载量capillarity 毛细现象，毛细作用capillary depression 毛细下降capillary rise 毛细上升capillary tube 毛细管capsule 囊capture 俘获carbon 碳carbon granule 碳颗粒carbon paper disc 圆形碳纸carbon-14 dating 碳14年代测定法carburettor 化油器，汽化器carrier wave 载波carry 进位castor oil 蓖麻油cataract 白内障cathode 阴极，负极cathode ray 阴极射线cathode ray deflection tube 阴极射线偏转管cathode-ray oscilloscope 阴极射线示波器，示波器cathode-ray tube 阴极射线管cavity resonator 空腔共振器celestial telescope 天体望远镜cell 电池，细胞Celsius temperature scale 摄氏温标centimetre 厘米centralized low voltage power supply unit 中央控制低压电源箱centre of curvature 曲率中心centre of gravity 重心centre of mass 质心centre of oscillation 振荡中心centre-tapped transformer 中心抽头变压器centrifugal force 离心力centrifuge 离心机centripetal acceleration 向心加速度centripetal force 向心力Chadwick 查德威克chain reaction 连锁反应change of state 物态变化change-over switch 换向开关characteristic 特性，特征characteristic curve 特性曲线characteristic line 特征线，特征谱characteristic spectrum 特征光谱，特征谱charge 电荷，充电，起电charge carrier 载荷子charge conservation 电荷守恒charge density 电荷密度charge distribution 电荷分布charge to mass ratio 荷质比charged particle 带电粒子charging by contact 接触起电charging by friction 摩擦生电charging by induction 感应起电charging by sharing 授受起电charging time constant 充电时间常数，充电时间常量Charles's law 查理定律choke 扼流，抗流，扼流圈，抗流圈choke circuit 扼流电路，抗流电路chromatic aberration 色差chromatic dispersion 色散cinefilm soundtrack 电影胶片声迹circle of least confusion 最少模糊圈，明晰圈circuit 电路circuit board 电路板circuit breaker 断路器circuit symbol 电路符号circular coil 环形线圈circular motion 圆周运动circular orbit 圆周轨道circular pulse 圆形脉冲circular wave 圆形波circular wavefront 圆形波阵面，圆形波前clamp 夹钳，夹紧clap-echo method 「拍掌—回声」法cleave 裂开clinical thermometer 体温计clip 夹子clockwise moment 顺时针力矩closed circuit 闭合电路closed pipe 闭管closed tube 闭管closed-loop control system 死循环控制系统closed-loop gain 死循环增益closed-loop voltage gain 死循环电压增益closely packed 密堆积的cloud chamber 云室cloud chamber track 云室径迹coaxial 共轴，同轴coaxial cable 同轴电缆，同轴cobalt 钴code 编码coder 编码器coefficient of dynamic friction 动摩擦系数coefficient of friction 摩擦系数coefficient of restitution 恢复系数coefficient of static friction 静摩擦系数coefficient of viscosity 黏滞系数coherent 相干的cohesion 内聚力，内聚cohesive force 内聚力coil 线圈collector 集电极，集极collector current 集电极电流，集极电流collimator 准直管，准直仪collision 碰撞colour 颜色colour code 色码，色标combinational logic 组合逻辑common emitter 共发射极common-mode voltage 共模电压commutator 换向器compass 指南针，罗盘complete circuit 完整电路component 组件，分量，组分component of force 分力compound microscope 复式显微镜compound pendulum 复摆compressed gas 压缩气体compressibility 可压缩性，压缩系数，压缩率compressible fluid 可压缩性流体compression 密部，压缩compression spring balance 压缩弹簧天平concave 凹concave lens 凹透镜concave mirror 凹镜，凹面镜concentric capacitor 同心电容器condensation 凝结，凝聚condensation nucleus 凝结核，凝聚核condensation point 凝点，凝结点condenser 聚光器，电容器，冷凝器conductance 电导conductivity 传导性，传导率conductor 导体conical pendulum 锥摆conjugate foci 共轭焦点conservation of angular momentum 角动量守恒conversation of charge 电荷守恒conservation of energy 能量守恒conservation of mechanical energy 机械能守恒conservation of momentum 动量守恒conservative force 守恒力，保守力conserved 守恒constant acceleration 恒加速度constant angular acceleration 恒角加速度constant angular velocity 恒角速度constant force 恒力constant motion 恒速运动constant pressure 定压constant speed 恒速率constant temperature 定温constant velocity 恒速度constant volume 定容constant volume gas thermometer 定容气体温度计constantan 康铜constriction 颈缩constructive interference 相长干涉contact angle 接触角contact area 接触面积contact force 接触力continuity equation 连续性方程continuous spectrum 连续光谱，连续谱continuous wave 连续波contract 收缩control experiment 对照实验，比对实验control grid 控制栅极control rod 控制棒control system 控制系统convection 对流converge 会聚converging lens 会聚透镜converging mirror 会聚镜convex 凸convex lens 凸透镜convex mirror 凸镜，凸面镜coolant 冷却剂cooling by evaporation 蒸发致冷cooling correction 冷却修正cooling curve 冷却曲线cooling effect 冷却效应cooling system 冷却系统，散热系统coplanar forces 共面力core 心，核心Coriolis force 科里奥利力corkscrew rule 螺旋法则cornea 角膜corona discharge 电晕放电corpuscular theory of light 光的微粒学说correction 矫正，修正cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射coulomb 库伦Coulomb's law 库伦定律count rate 计数率counter 计数器counter weight 平衡锤，配重couple 力偶coupled oscillation 耦合振荡coupling 耦合covalent bond 共价键crane magnet 起重磁铁creep 蠕变crest 波峰critical angle 临界角critical damping 临界阻尼critical mass 临界质量critical point 临界点critical temperature 临界温度critical velocity 临界速度crocodile clip 鳄鱼夹cross hairs 十字丝，叉丝cross-sectional area 截面积Crova's disc 克罗瓦盘crystal 晶体crystal diffraction 晶体衍射，晶体绕射crystal lattice 晶体点阵，晶体格子，晶格crystal planes 晶面crystalline 结晶的crystallization 结晶crystallography 晶体学cubical expansivity 体积膨胀系数，体积膨胀率curie 居里current 电流current amplification 电流放大current amplification factor 电流放大因素current amplifier 电流放大器current balance 电流天平current density 电流密度current gain 电流增益current intensity 电流强度current pulse 电流脉冲current sensitivity 电流灵敏度current stabilizer 稳流器current transfer characteristic 电流转移特性current-carrying conductor 载电流导体current-voltage characteristic curve 电流—电压特性曲线curved mirror 曲面镜cyclotron 回旋加速器cylindrical concave lens 柱面凹透镜cylindrical concave mirror 柱面凹镜cylindrical convex lens 柱面凸透镜cylindrical convex mirror 柱面凸镜cylindrical lens 柱面透镜cylindrical mirror 柱面镜Dd.c. generator 直流发电机d.c. motor 直流电动机Dalton's law of partial pressures 道尔顿分压定律damped harmonic motion 阻尼谐动damped harmonic oscillation 阻尼谐振damped oscillation 阻尼振荡damping 阻尼damping force 阻尼力dark fringe 暗纹data 数据dating 年代测定daughter nucleus 子核daughter nuclide 子核素de Broglie relation 德布罗意关系式de Broglie wave 德布罗意波dead time 失效时间decade capacitance box 十进电容箱decade resistance box 十进电阻箱decay 衰变decay analogue 衰变模拟decay constant 衰变常数，衰变常量decay curve 衰变曲线decay law 衰变定律decay product 衰变产物decelerate 减速deceleration 减速度decibel 分贝decode 译码，解碼decoder 译码器，译码器deflection 偏转deflection plate 偏转板deflection system 偏转系统deflection tube 偏转管deformation 形变degradation of energy 能量退降，能量递降degree 度degree Celsius 摄氏度degree of freedom 自由度demagnetization 去磁，退磁demonstration diode 演示用二极管demonstration meter 演示用电表density 密度depletion layer 耗尽层，阻挡层depth of field 景深derived quantity 导出量derived unit 导出单位destructive interference 相消干涉detection 探测detector 探测器detector of radiation 辐射探测器deuterium 氘，重氢deuteron 氘核，重氢核deviation 偏向，偏差device 装置，设计，器件diamagnetism 抗磁性diaphragm 光阑，膜片diatomic molecule 双原子分子dielectric 电介质，介电的dielectric constant 介电常数，介电常量，电容率dielectric polarization 电介质极化dielectric strength 电介质强度differential equation 微分方程differential input voltage 差动输入电压diffracted ray 衍射线，绕射线diffraction 衍射，绕射diffraction grating 衍射光栅，绕射光栅diffuse reflection 漫反射diffusion 扩散，漫射diffusion cloud chamber 扩散云室digital 数字的digital display 数字显示digital signal 数字讯号digital-to-analogue conversion 数模转换dimension 量纲，因次，维，大小dimensional analysis 量纲分析，因次分析diminished 缩小diode 二极管diode probe 二极管微波探测器dioptre 屈光度，焦度dipole 偶极子direct current 直流电direction 方向，方位direction of propagation 传播方向directly heated cathode 直热式阴极discharge 放电disintegration 蜕变dislocation 位错dispersion 色散dispersive power 色散能力，色散本领，色散率displacement 位移，排量displacement can 排水罐displacement-time graph 位移—时间关系线图dissipative force 耗散力distance 距离distance-time graph 距离—时间关系线图distortion 失真，扭曲，畸变disturbance 干扰diverge 发散diverging lens 发散透镜diverging mirror 发散镜division of amplitude 振幅分割division of wavefront 波阵面分割，波前分割domain 畴，域domestic circuit 家居电路donor 给予体doped semiconductor 掺杂半导体doping 掺杂Doppler broadening 多普勒谱线增宽Doppler effect 多普勒效应Doppler shift 多普勒频移dosage 剂量dose 剂量dose rate 剂量率double pulley 双滑轮double refraction 双折射double slit 双缝double-pole-double-throw switch 双刀双掷开关doublet 双重线drag force 阻力，曳力drift velocity 漂移速度driver circuit 驱动电路driver frequency 驱动频率driving cell 驱动电池driving force 驱动力driving mirror 行车后视镜dry battery 干电池组dry cell 干电池dual trace oscilloscope 双迹示波器ductile 延性的Dulong-Petit law 杜隆—珀替定律dynamic equilibrium 动态平衡dynamic friction 动摩擦dynamic resistance 动态电阻dynamics 动力学dynamo 发电机Eearth 接地，地线earthquake waves 地震波ebonite 硬橡胶，硬质胶ebonite rod 硬橡胶棒，硬质胶棒echo 回声，回波eddy current 涡电流，涡流eddy current damping 涡流阻尼eddy current loss 涡流损耗effective mass 有效质量efficiency 效率effort 施力Einstein's mass-energy relation 爱因斯坦质能关系式elastic collision 弹性碰撞elastic constant 弹性常数，弹性常量elastic deformation 弹性形变elastic hysteresis 弹性滞后elastic limit 弹性极限elastic strain energy 弹性应变能elasticity 弹性electric bell 电铃electric charge 电荷electric current 电流electric field 电场electric field intensity 电场强度electric field pattern 电场图形electric fire 电暖炉electric line of force 电力线electric motor 电动机electric potential 电势，电位electric power 电功率electric shock 电震electrical appliance 电器electrical conductivity 导电率electrical energy 电能electrical oscillation 电振荡electrical potential energy 电势能，电位能electrical resonance 电共振electricity 电，电学electrode 电极electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质electrolytic 电解质的，电解的electrolytic capacitor 电解质电容器electromagnet 电磁铁，电磁体electromagnetic coil 电磁感应圈electromagnetic contact 电磁触点electromagnetic force 电磁力electromagnetic induction 电磁感应electromagnetic moment 电磁矩electromagnetic oscillation 电磁振荡electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射electromagnetic spectrum 电磁波谱electromagnetic wave 电磁波electromagnetism 电磁学electrometer 静电计electromotive force 电动势electron 电子electron beam 电子束electron cloud 电子云electron diffraction 电子衍射，电子绕射electron drift 电子漂移electron energy level 电子能级electron gun 电子枪electron transition 电子跃迁electron tube 电子管electron-volt 电子伏特，电子伏electronics 电子学electrophorus 起电盘electroscope 验电器electrostatic bond 静电键electrostatic field apparatus 静电场仪器electrostatic precipitation 静电沉淀法electrostatics 静电学element 元素，组件elliptic orbit 椭圆轨道elongation 伸长度emergent ray 出射线emission 发射emission line 发射谱线emission spectrum 发射光谱，发射谱emissivity 发射率，比辐射率emit 发射emitter 发射极，射极emitter current 发射极电流，射极电流enamelled wire 漆包线encode 编码encoder 编码器end-correction 端部修正，管口校正量end-on collision 同向碰撞，尾追碰撞energetic particle 高能粒子energy 能量，能energy band 能带energy conversion 能量转换energy conversion efficiency 能量转换效率energy input 能量输入energy level 能级energy output 能量输出energy transfer 能量转移enriched uranium 浓缩铀equation of continuity 连续性方程equation of state 物态方程equation of uniformly accelerated motion 匀加速运动方程equatorial orbit 赤道轨道equilibrium 平衡equilibrium condition 平衡条件equilibrium spacing 平衡间距equipartition of energy 能量均分equipotential 等势的，等位的equipotential line 等势线，等位线equipotential surface 等势面，等位面equivalent capacitance 等效电容equivalent inductance 等效电感equivalent resistance 等效电阻erect 正立escape velocity 逃逸速度ether 以太，醚evacuation 抽成真空evaporation 蒸发excess pressure 超压，逾电压excitation 激发excitation energy 激发能excitation potential 激发电势，激发电位excitation voltage 激发电压excited 受激excited energy level 受激能级excited state 受激态expansion 膨胀expansivity 膨胀系数，膨胀率exponential change 指数式改变exponential decay 指数式衰变exposure 曝光量，照射extension 伸长external force 外力external work 外功extra high tension 超高电压extra-nuclear structure 核外结构extraordinary ray 非常光线extrapolation 外推，外推法extrinsic semiconductor 含杂质半导体eyepiece 接目镜，目镜Ff-number f数，光圈数f-stop f制光圈far point 远点farad 法拉Faraday constant 法拉第常数，法拉第常量Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction 法拉第电磁感应定律fast breeder reactor 快中子增殖反应堆feedback 反馈feedback amplifier 反馈放大器feedback resistance 反馈电阻ferromagnetic substance 铁磁性物质ferromagnetism 铁磁性fictitious force 假力，伪力fidelity 保真性，保真度field coil 场线圈field effect transistor 场效应晶体管field intensity 场强field lines 场力线field magnet 场磁铁，场磁体field of view 视场，视野field strength 场强figure of merit 优值，灵敏值filament 灯丝，丝极filter capacitor 滤波电容器filter circuit 滤波电路filter pump 滤泵final state 终态，末态final velocity 末速度fine-adjustment 微调，细调fire alarm 火警警报器，火警钟first law of thermodynamics 热力学第一定律first order spectrum 第一级光谱，第一级谱fission 裂变fission reactor 裂变反应堆fixed point 定点fixed pulley 定滑轮fixed resistor 定值电阻器flat coil 扁平线圈flat solenoid 扁平螺线管flat-bottomed flask 平底烧瓶Fleming's left hand rule 弗林明左手定则Fleming's right hand rule 弗林明右手定则floating body 浮体fluid 流体fluid dynamics 流体动力学fluorescence 荧光fluorescent screen 荧光屏，荧光幕flux 通量flux density 通量密度fly-back 回扫flywheel 飞轮focal length 焦距focal plane 焦平面focus 焦点，聚焦，对焦focus control 聚焦控制follower circuit 跟随电路foot pump 脚踏泵force 力force constant 力常数，力常量force polygon 力多边形force resolution 力的分解force triangle 力三角形force-extension curve 施力—伸长关系曲线forced oscillation 受迫振荡former 框forward biased 正向偏压forward current 正向电流fossil fuel 化石燃料Foucault's rotating mirror method 傅科旋转镜法frame of reference 参考坐标系，参考系Franck-Hertz experiment 弗兰克—赫兹实验Fraunhofer diffraction 夫琅和费衍射，夫琅和费绕射Fraunhofer lines 夫琅和费谱线free electron 自由电子free fall 自由下坠，自由下落free falling body 自由落体free oscillation 自由振荡free path 自由程free space 自由空间freeze 凝固freezing point 凝固点freon 氟利昂，二氯二氟甲烷frequency 频率frequency modulation 调频，频率调制frequency response 频率响应Fresnel diffraction 菲涅耳衍射，菲涅耳绕射Fresnel's biprism 菲涅耳双棱镜friction 摩擦，摩擦力friction compensated 补偿摩擦作用frictionless motion 无摩擦运动fringe 条纹fringe pattern 条纹图形fuel rod 燃料棒fulcrum 支点full adder 全加法器full-scale deflection 满标偏转full-wave rectification 全波整流full-wave rectifier 全波整流器fundamental frequency 基频fundamental mode of vibration 基谐振动模式fundamental note 基音fundamental quantity 基本量fundamental unit 基本单位fuse 保险丝fuse rating 保险丝额定值fusion 熔解，聚变fusion point 熔点fusion reactor 聚变反应堆GG - clamp G-形钳gain 增益gain control 增益控制galaxy 星系Galilean telescope 伽利略望远镜Galileo's thought experiment 伽利略假想实验galvanometer 电流计，检流计gamma radiation 伽玛辐射gamma ray 伽玛射线gap 隙gas 气，气体gas pressure 气体强压，气压gaseous phase 气相gaseous state 气态gauge 规，计Gauss theorem 高斯定理Geiger counter 盖革计数器Geiger-Marsden scattering experiment 盖革—马斯登散射实验Geiger-Muller counter 盖革—弥勒计数器Geiger-Muller tube 盖革—弥勒管general gas equation 普适气体方程general gas law 普适气体定律generator 发电机genetic effect 遗传效应geometrical optics 几何光学germanium 锗ghost effect 迭影效应glancing angle 掠射角glass fibre 玻璃纤维glycerine 甘油gold foil 金箔fold leaf electroscope 金箔验电器gradient 斜率，梯度graduated cylinder 量筒Graham's law of diffusion 格拉哈姆散定律grain 粒，晶粒gramophone record 唱片，唱碟graph 图，线图，图表graphical method 图解法grating 光栅grating spectrometer 光栅光谱仪，光栅分光计gravitational acceleration 重力加速度gravitational attraction 引力，重力gravitational constant 引力常数，引力常量gravitational field 引力场，重力场gravitational force 引力，重力gravitational mass 引力质量gravitational potential 引力势，重力势gravitational potential difference 引力势差，重力势差gravitational potential energy 引力势能，重力势能gravity 重力grazing incidence 掠入射，切入射greenhouse effect 温室效应grid 栅极grid control 栅极控制grid system 电力网groove 纹道，针槽，开槽ground 接地ground state 基态guinea and feather experiment 「硬币与羽毛」实验Hhair spring 游丝half adder 半加法器half-life 半衰期half-silvered mirror 半镀银镜half-wave rectification 半波整流half-wave rectifier 半波整流器Hall effect 霍耳效应Hall probe 霍耳探测器Hall voltage 霍耳电压hand stroboscope 手动式频闪观测器harmonic 谐音harmonic motion 谐运动harmonic oscillation 谐振荡head-on collision 对正碰撞，正碰heat 热，热量，加热，热学heat absorbent 吸热剂heat absorber 吸热器heat absorption 吸热，热吸收heat capacity 热容量heat conduction 热传导heat exchange 热交换heat flow 热流heat gain 热增益，得热heat insulation 热绝缘，隔热heat loss 热损耗，失热heat proof 耐热的，隔热的heat pump 热泵heat radiation 热辐射heat reservoir 热库，储热器heat sink 热壑heat transfer 热传递，热转移heater 发热器，加热器heating effect 热效应heating element 发热组件Helmholtz coils 亥姆霍兹线圈henry 亨利，亨hertz 赫兹，赫high dispersion prism 高色散棱镜high tension 高电压hole 空穴，空子hollow plastic lens 空心塑料透镜hollow plastic prism 空心塑料棱镜hologram 全息图holography 全息术，全息学Hooke's law 虎克定律horizontal 水平horizontal component 水平分量horizontal deflection 水平偏转horseshoe magnet 蹄形磁铁hot cathode 热阴极hour 小时Huygens' principle 惠更斯原理hydraulic press 水压机hydroelectric power 水力发电hydrogen bomb 氢弹hygrometer 湿度计hyperbolic orbit 双曲线轨道hypodermic needle 皮下注射针头hypodermic syringe 皮下注射针筒hypothesis 假说，假设hysteresis 滞后现象Iideal gas 理想气体ideal gas equation 理想气体方程ideal gas temperature scale 理想气体温标ideal machine 理想机械illuminate 照明，照亮image 像image distance 像距immerse 浸没immersion heater 浸没式电热器impact 碰撞impedance 阻抗impulse 冲量impurity 杂质in focus 焦点对准in parallel 并联in phase 同相in series 串联incident ray 入射线incident wavefront 入射波阵面，入射波前inclined plane 斜面incoherent 不相干的incompressible fluid 非压缩性流体indicator 指示器indirectly heated cathode 旁热式阴极induced charge 感生电荷induced current 感生电流induced e.m.f. 感生电动势induced voltage 感生电压inducing charge 施感电荷inducing current 施感电流inductance 电感inductance capacitance coupled circuit 感容耦合电路inductance coil 电感线圈induction 感应induction heating 感应生热inductive circuit 电感电路inductive component 电感性分量inductive reactance 感抗inductor 电感器，感应器inelastic collision 非弹性碰撞inert gas 惰性气体inertia 惯性，惯量inertia balance 惯性秤inertial frame 惯性坐标系，惯性系inertial mass 惯性质量infra-red detector 红外线探测器infra-red radiation 红外辐射infra-red ray 红外线initial state 初态initial velocity 初速度input 输入input bias current 输入偏压电流input characteristic 输入特性input current 输入电流input offset current 输入补偿电流input power 输入功率input resistance 输入电阻input voltage 输入电压input-output voltage characteristic 输入—输出电压特性instantaneous acceleration 瞬时加速度instantaneous angular velocity 瞬时角速度instantaneous current 瞬时电流instantaneous power 瞬时功率instantaneous speed 瞬时速率instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度instantaneous voltage 瞬时电压insulation 绝缘insulator 绝缘体integrated circuit 集成电路intensity 强度intensity control 强度控制intensity of current 电流强度interaction 相互作用interatomic force 原子间力interatomic potential 原子间势，原子间位interatomic separation 原子间距intercept 截距，截段interconversion 互换interference 干涉interference pattern 干涉图形internal energy 内能internal force 内力internal resistance 内电阻internal work 内功international system of units 国际单位制，公制，十进制interval 间隔intrinsic semiconductor 纯半导体，本征半导体inverse-square law 平方反比定律inverted 倒立的inverter 反相器，倒换器inverting input 反相输入ion 离子ion-pair 离子偶，离子对ionic bond 离子键ionic structure 离子结构ionization 电离作用ionization chamber 电离室ionization current 电离电流ionization energy 电离能ionization potential 电离电势，电离电位ionization voltage 电离电压ionize 电离ionized atom 离子ionized layer 电离层ionizing power 致电离能力，致电离本领ionizing radiation 致电离辐射ionosphere 电离层iris 虹膜，可变光阑iron core 铁心iron filings 铁粉irreversible process 不可逆过程isobar 等压线，同质异序素isobaric expansion 等压膨胀isobaric process 等压过程isochronous oscillation 等时振荡isotherm 等温线isothermal process 等温过程isotope 同位素isovolumetric process 等容过程JJaegers method 耶格法jet propulsion 喷气推进jockey 滑动触头joule 焦耳joulemeter 焦耳计junction 连接，接头junction diode 面结型二极管junction transistor 面结型晶体管KKaleidoscope 万花筒Kelvin 开尔文，开Kelvin temperature scale 开氏温标Kepler's law 开普勒定律key 电键kilogram 千克kilowatt 千瓦特，千瓦kilowatt-hour 千瓦小时，千瓦时kilowatt-hour meter 电表，千瓦时计kinematics 运动学kinetic energy 动能kinetic friction 动摩擦kinetic theory 分子运动论kinetic theory model 分子运动模型kinetic theory of gases 气体分子运动论Kirchhoff's law 基尔霍夫定律kit 套件knife-edge 刃形支承，刀刃，刀边kryton 氪Kundt's tube 孔脱管Llagging 保温套laminar flow 层流laminated 分层的，迭片的laser 激光，激光器laser beam 激光束laser material 激光材料latch 闩锁latent heat 潜热lateral 横向，侧向，旁向lateral inversion 横向倒置lateral magnification 横向放大，横向放大率lateral search coil 横向探察线圈。
(完整版)中学物理学名词中英文对照
中学物理学名词中英文对照中文词汇英文对照A安培Ampere凹透镜concave lensB比热容specific heat变阻器variable resistor并联电路parallel circuit不可再生能源nonrenewable energy sourceC超重overweight超声波supersonic wave超导体superconductor次声波infrasonic wave参照物frame of reference参照系reference frame测量measure长度length串联电路series磁场magnetic field磁感线magnetic induction line磁体magnetD动力学dynamics动能kinetic energy动能定理theorem of kinetic energy 动摩擦因数dynamic friction factor第一宇宙速度first cosmic velocity第二宇宙速度second cosmic velocity第三宇宙速度third cosmic velocity导体conductor电池cell电灯electric light电流electric current电流表ammeter电路electric current电压voltage电压表voltmeter电源power supply电阻resistance动滑轮movable pulley定滑轮fixed pulley短路short circuit断路open circuit地磁场germagnetic field电磁波electromagnetic wave电磁波谱electromagnetic spectrum电磁感应electromagnetic induction电动机motor电功率electric power电话telephone电能electrical energy电能表kilowatt-hour meterE额定电压rated voltage额定功率rated powerF分minute非惯性系noninertial system 反射reflection非晶体non-crystal沸点boiling point分贝decibel伏特V olt发电机electric generatorG惯性inertia惯性系intertial system惯性力inertial force杠杆lever功work功率power光速velocity of light 光源light source感应电流induction current光导纤维optical fiberH赫兹Hertz红外线infrared rays滑轮pulley滑动摩擦sliding friction核反应堆nuclear reactor核能nuclear energyJ机械运动mechanical motion加速度acceleration静止rest机械功mechanical work机械能mechanical energy机械效率mechanical efficiency机械能守恒定律law of conservation ofmechanical energy焦点focus晶体crystal镜面反射mirror reflection焦耳Joul焦耳定律Joule law绝缘体insulator交变电流alternating current聚变fusion静摩擦因数static friction factorK开关switch可再生能源renewable energy sourceL力force力的合成composition of forces力的分解resolution of forces力矩moment of force棱镜prism连锁反应Chain reaction裂变fission螺旋管solenoidM米metre秒second漫反射diffuse reflection摩擦力friction forceN牛顿Newton牛顿第一定律Newton first law牛顿第二定律Newton second law牛顿第三定律Newton third law能量、能energy凝固solidification内能internal能量的转化和守恒定律Law of conservation of energyO欧姆OhmP平均速度average velocity平均速率average speed平衡状态equilibrium state频率frequency平面镜plane mirrorQ曲线运动curvilinear motion汽化vaporization千瓦时kilowatt-hourR熔点melting point熔化melting热量heat热值heat value熔丝fuseS时间time速度velocity速率speed瞬时速度instantaneous velocity失重weightlessness势能potential energy色散dispersion升华sublimation声波sound wave声音sound实像real imageT弹力elastic force弹性势能elastic potential energy透镜lens凸透镜convex lens图像graph太阳能solar energyW位移displacement万有引力universal gravitational万有引力定律Law of universal gravitation望远镜telescope温度temperature温度计thermometer瓦特Watt微波microwaveX向心力centripetal force向心加速度centripetal acceleration显微镜microscope响度loudness像image虚像virtual imageY运动学kinematics匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion 圆周运动circular motion引力常数gravitational constant液化liquefaction音调pitch音色musical quality乐音musical sound用电器electric appliance因特网InternetZ重力gravity重心center of gravity自由落体freely falling body重力加速度acceleration due to gravity 重力势能gravitational potential energy 周期period噪声noise折射refraction振动vibration振幅amplitude蒸发evaporation紫外线ultraviolet rays指南针compass质点mass point直线运动rectilinear motion。
初中物理部分中英文词汇对照表
温度 temperature 温度计 thermometer 摄氏度 degree centigrade 体温计 clinical thermometer 分子 molecules
分子运动 molecular motion 物质 substance 物体 object 状态 state 固体 solid 液体 liuid 气体 gas
l 测量范围 measuring range 最小刻度 division value 实验 experiment 实验室 laboratory 误差 error 刻度尺 metetion line 长度 length 单位 unit 面积 area 千米 kilometer 米 meter
平方米 suare meter 立方米 cubic meter 分米 decimeter 厘米 centimeter 毫米 millimeter 微米 micron 纳米 nanometer 时间 time 小时 hour 分钟 minute 秒 second 毫秒 millisecond 体积 volume 升 Liter 毫升 Milliliter 天平 balance 砝码 weights 游码 rider 质量 mass
吨 ton 千克 kilogram 克 gram 毫克 milligram 停表 stop watch
力 force 牛顿 Newton 测力计 dynamometer 弹簧秤 spring balance
Ⅱ、运动（simple motion）
相对运动 relative motion 方向 direction 位置 position 路程 path 静止 rest
参照物 reference 速度 velocity
中学物理学名词中英文对照
中学物理学名词中英文对照中文词汇英文对照A安培Ampere凹透镜concave lensB比热容specific heat变阻器variable resistor并联电路parallel circuit不可再生能源nonrenewable energy sourceC超重overweight超声波supersonic wave超导体superconductor次声波infrasonic wave参照物frame of reference参照系reference frame测量measure页脚内容1长度length串联电路series磁场magnetic field磁感线magnetic induction line磁体magnetD动力学dynamics动能kinetic energy动能定理theorem of kinetic energy 动摩擦因数dynamic friction factor第一宇宙速度first cosmic velocity第二宇宙速度second cosmic velocity第三宇宙速度third cosmic velocity导体conductor电池cell电灯electric light电流electric current电流表ammeter电路electric current页脚内容2电压voltage电压表voltmeter电源power supply电阻resistance动滑轮movable pulley定滑轮fixed pulley短路short circuit断路open circuit地磁场germagnetic field电磁波electromagnetic wave电磁波谱electromagnetic spectrum 电磁感应electromagnetic induction 电动机motor电功率electric power电话telephone电能electrical energy电能表kilowatt-hour meterE额定电压rated voltage页脚内容3额定功率rated powerF分minute非惯性系noninertial system反射reflection非晶体non-crystal沸点boiling point分贝decibel伏特Volt发电机electric generatorG惯性inertia惯性系intertial system惯性力inertial force杠杆lever功work功率power光速velocity of light页脚内容4光源light source感应电流induction current光导纤维optical fiberH赫兹Hertz红外线infrared rays滑轮pulley滑动摩擦sliding friction核反应堆nuclear reactor核能nuclear energyJ机械运动mechanical motion加速度acceleration静止rest机械功mechanical work机械能mechanical energy机械效率mechanical efficiency机械能守恒定律law of conservation of页脚内容5mechanical energy 焦点focus晶体crystal镜面反射mirror reflection焦耳Joul焦耳定律Joule law绝缘体insulator交变电流alternating current聚变fusion静摩擦因数static friction factorK开关switch可再生能源renewable energy sourceL力force力的合成composition of forces力的分解resolution of forces力矩moment of force页脚内容6棱镜prism连锁反应Chain reaction裂变fission螺旋管solenoidM米metre秒second漫反射diffuse reflection摩擦力friction forceN牛顿Newton牛顿第一定律Newton first law牛顿第二定律Newton second law牛顿第三定律Newton third law能量、能energy凝固solidification内能internal能量的转化页脚内容7和守恒定律Law of conservation of energyO欧姆OhmP平均速度average velocity平均速率average speed平衡状态equilibrium state频率frequency平面镜plane mirrorQ曲线运动curvilinear motion汽化vaporization千瓦时kilowatt-hourR熔点melting point熔化melting页脚内容8热量heat热值heat value熔丝fuseS时间time速度velocity速率speed瞬时速度instantaneous velocity 失重weightlessness势能potential energy色散dispersion升华sublimation声波sound wave声音sound实像real imageT弹力elastic force弹性势能elastic potential energy页脚内容9透镜lens凸透镜convex lens图像graph太阳能solar energyW位移displacement万有引力universal gravitational万有引力定律Law of universal gravitation 望远镜telescope温度temperature温度计thermometer瓦特Watt微波microwaveX向心力centripetal force向心加速度centripetal acceleration显微镜microscope响度loudness页脚内容10像image虚像virtual imageY运动学kinematics匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion 圆周运动circular motion引力常数gravitational constant液化liquefaction音调pitch音色musical quality乐音musical sound用电器electric appliance因特网InternetZ重力gravity重心center of gravity自由落体freely falling body重力加速度acceleration due to gravity页脚内容11重力势能gravitational potential energy 周期period噪声noise折射refraction振动vibration振幅amplitude蒸发evaporation紫外线ultraviolet rays指南针compass质点mass point直线运动rectilinear motion页脚内容12。
物理单词中英对照
物理单词中英对照1. 力（Force）在物理学中，力是使物体产生加速度的原因。
2. 质量（Mass）质量是物体所含物质的量，是衡量物体惯性大小的物理量。
3. 速度（Velocity）速度是描述物体位置变化快慢和方向的物理量。
4. 加速度（Acceleration）加速度是描述速度变化快慢的物理量。
5. 动能（Kinetic Energy）动能是物体由于运动而具有的能量。
6. 势能（Potential Energy）势能是物体由于位置关系而具有的能量。
7. 功（Work）功是力在物体上产生位移的过程，是能量转化的量度。
8. 功率（Power）功率是单位时间内做功的多少，表示能量转化速率。
9. 温度（Temperature）温度是衡量物体冷热程度的物理量。
10. 压强（Pressure）压强是单位面积上受到的力的大小。
11. 密度（Density）密度是单位体积内物质的质量。
12. 摩擦力（Friction）摩擦力是两个接触物体在相对运动时产生的阻力。
13. 重力（Gravity）重力是地球对物体产生的吸引力。
14. 电荷（Electric Charge）电荷是物质的一种基本属性，表现为物体间的电磁相互作用。
15. 电流（Electric Current）电流是电荷在单位时间内通过导体截面的量。
16. 电压（Electric Voltage）电压是推动电荷流动的电势差。
17. 电阻（Electric Resistance）电阻是导体对电流阻碍作用的物理量。
18. 磁场（Magnetic Field）磁场是描述磁力作用范围的物理量。
19. 振动（Vibration）振动是物体围绕平衡位置做周期性运动的现象。
20. 波（Wave）波是振动在介质中传播的过程。
物理单词中英对照（续）21. 频率（Frequency）频率是指单位时间内完成振动的次数，是描述波动特性的基本参数。
22. 波长（Wavelength）波长是波在一个周期内传播的距离，它与频率共同决定了波的速度。
常用物理单词的中英文对照表
常用物理单词的中英文对照表常用物理单词的中英文对照表物理（Physics）能量（Energy）质量（Mass）力（Force）速度（Velocity）加速度（Acceleration）角度（Angle）力学（Mechanics）热力学（Thermodynamics）电动力学（Electrodynamics）电磁场（Electromagnetic Field）光学（Optics）原子（Atom）分子（Molecule）导体（Conductor）绝缘体（Insulator）电容器（Capacitor）电阻器（Resistor）电感器（Inductor）电子（Electron）质子（Proton）中子（Neutron）原子核（Atomic Nucleus）波动（Wave）频率（Frequency）振动（Vibration）周期（Period）波长（Wavelength）位移（Displacement）力与运动（Force and Motion）牛顿（Newton）牛顿第一定律（Newton's First Law）牛顿第二定律（Newton's Second Law）牛顿第三定律（Newton's Third Law）滑动摩擦力（Kinetic Friction）静摩擦力（Static Friction）离心力（Centrifugal Force）滑块（Block）滑轮（Pulley）杠杆（Lever）重力（Gravity）重心（Center of Gravity）摆动（Pendulum）机械波（Mechanical Wave）电磁波（Electromagnetic Wave）声波（Sound Wave）光波（Light Wave）磁场（Magnetic Field）电场（Electric Field）电流（Electric Current）电压（Voltage）电能（Electric Energy）电荷（Electric Charge）磁极（Magnetic Pole）超导体（Superconductor）布里渊区（Brillouin Zone）各向同性（Isotropy）晶体学（Crystallography）紫外线（Ultraviolet）紫外光（Ultraviolet Light）紫外灯（Ultraviolet Lamp）量子力学（Quantum Mechanics）相对论（Relativity）黑洞（Black Hole）穿越（Wormhole）时间旅行（Time Travel）弦理论（String Theory）。
中学物理名词(中英文对照)
Ⅰ、测量(measurement)物理学physics误差error游码rider测量measure (vt.)实验experiment温度temperature长度length实验室laboratory摄氏度degree centigrade单位unit面积area温度计thermometer千米kilometer平方米square meter体温计clinical thermometer米meter体积volume时间time分米decimeter立方米cubic meter小时hour厘米centimeter升Liter分钟minute毫米millimeter毫升Milliliter秒second微米micron质量mass毫秒millisecond纳米nanometer吨ton停表stop watch测量工具measuring tool千克kilogram力force刻度尺meter ruler克gram牛顿Newton最小刻度division value毫克milligram测力计dynamometer零刻度线zero graduation line天平balance弹簧秤spring balance测量范围measuring range砝码weightsⅡ、运动（simple motion）相对运动relative motion方向direction路程path静止rest直线运动rectilinear motion速度velocity参照物reference曲线运动curvilinear motion变速直线运动variable rectilinear motion 位置position匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion 平均速度average velocityⅢ、热（heat）分子molecules熔化melting液化liquefaction分子运动molecular motion熔点melting point升华sublimation扩散diffusion凝固solidification凝华condensation排斥力repulsive force凝固点solidifying point冰箱refrigerator吸引力attractive force晶体crystal热传递heat transfer物质substance非晶体noncrystal热传导heat conduction物体object吸收absorb(v.)热对流heat convection状态state放出release(v.)热辐射heat radiation固体solid汽化vaporization热量heat液体liquid蒸发evaporation比热（容）specific heat（capacity）气体gas沸腾boiling物态变化state transformation沸点boiling pointⅠⅠ、光（light）光源light source入射角incident angle焦距focal length光的直线传播rectilinear propagationof light 反射角reflection angle会聚converge(v.)小孔成像image byping hole镜面反射mirror reflection发散diverge(v.)日食solar eclipse漫反射diffuse reflection光屏（屏幕）screen月食lunar eclipse平面镜plane mirror照相机camera光速velocity of light潜望镜periscope幻灯机slide projector真空vacuum蜡烛candle电影放映机film projector空气air光的折射refractionof light放大镜magnifier玻璃glass折射光线refracted ray倒立的inverted水water折射角refraction angle正立的erected均匀介质well-distributed medium透镜lens缩小的reduced光的反射reflectionof light凸透镜convex lens放大的amplified反射定律reflection law凹透镜concave lens实像real image入射光线incident ray（主）光轴principal optical axis虚像virtual image反射光线reflected ray光心optical centerof lens海市蜃楼mirage法线normal焦点focus光的色散dispersion of lightⅤ、磁（magnetism）磁体agnet小磁针magneticneedle磁场magnetic field天然磁体natural magnet磁极magnetic pole地磁场geomagnetic field人造磁体man-made magnet南极north pole电流的磁场magnetic field of electric current 条形磁铁bar magnet北极South pole磁感线magnetic induction line蹄形磁铁horseshoe magnet磁化magnetization电磁铁electromagnet三、声音（sound）振动vibrate声波wave of sound振幅amplitude介质medium音调pitch噪音noise传播travel响度loudness乐音voice声速velocity of sound音色musical quality分贝decibel（dB）回声echo频率frequency四、力（force）重力ravity惯性inertia动力motive force重心center of gravity平衡equilibrium阻力resistance摩擦力friction force压强pressure动力臂power arm滑动摩擦sliding friction帕斯卡ascal(Pa)阻力臂resisting arm滚动摩擦rolling friction液体压强hydraulicpressure作用线action-line静摩擦static friction大气压强atmosphericof pressure滑轮pulley压力pressure force标准大气压standardatmospherepressure 定滑轮fixed pulley浮力buoyancy force气压计barometer动滑轮movable pulley力的图示force diagram托里拆利Torricelli滑轮组pulley block力的大小magnitude of force阿基米德原理Archimedes principle功work力的方向direction of force密度density功率power力的作用点acting point of force 潜水艇submarine机械效率mechanical efficiency合力resultant force热气球fire balloon有用功useful work分力omponent force飞艇airship额外功extra wok力的合成composition of forces简单机械simple mechanics总功total work形变deformation杠杆lever斜面inclined plane牛顿第一定律Newton’s First Law 支点pivot五、电（electricity）电荷electric charge正极positive plate电压voltage带电体charged body负极negative plate伏特Volt摩擦起电electrificationby friction 电路electric circuit伏特计voltmeter正电荷positive charge通路closed circuit电阻resistance负电荷negative charge开路open circuit欧姆Ohm导体conductor短路short circuit变阻器rheostat绝缘体insulator电路图ircuit map滑动变阻器slide wire rheostat半导体semiconductor串联series connection欧姆定律Oh m’s law电源power source并联parallel connection电功electric work导线wire电量electric quantity电功率electric power 电键key(switch)电流electric current 额定电压rated voltage 干电池dry cell安培Ampere额定电功率rated power 蓄电池torage plate安培计ammeter。
物理单词中英对照
Terminology in Physics (English-Chinese)1 Solid and LinquidCrystal 晶体Elasticity 弹性Non-crystal 非晶体Elastic deformation 弹性形变Soakage 浸润Surface tension 表面张力2 Gases, Ideal Gases EquationFluid 流体Pressure 压强Density 密度Kelvin 凯尔文Thermodynamic 热力学温度Ideal gas 理想气体Internal energy 内能Thermal energy 热能Molecule 分子Attraction 引力Repulsion 斥力Kinetic energy 动能Potential energy 势能Joule 焦耳Control variable method 控制变量法Absolute zero 绝对零度Atmospheric pressure 大气压3 Linear Motionscalar 标量vector 矢量velocity 速度Uniform rectilinear motion 匀速直线运动Instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度Average velocity 平均速度acceleration 加速度Galileo Galilei 伽俐略Free fall 自由落体运动translation 平动rotation 转动particle 质点Motion of projected竖直上抛运动vertically upwardMotion of projected平抛运动horizontallyProjectile motion 抛体运动4 Composition and resolution of Force gravity 重力Elastic gravity 弹力Friction force 摩檫力Static friction force 静摩檫力Sliding friction force 滑动摩檫力Parallelogram law 平行四边形定则Component force 分力Net force 合力Concurrent force 共点力Equilibrium condition 平衡条件5 Newton’s LawIsaac Newton 牛顿inertia 惯性unit 单位Albert Einstein 爱因斯坦Acting force 作用力Reacting force 反作用力overweight 失重zero gravity 超重6 Work and EnergyMechanical work 机械能power 功率Watt 瓦特Law of conservation of能量守恒定律energywork 功Mechanical energy 机械能Gravitational energy 重力势能Elastic energy 弹性势能Law of conservation of机械能守恒定律mechanical energymomentum 动量impulse 冲量collision 碰撞recoil 反冲7 Circular motionperiod 周期Circular motion 圆周运动Linear velocity 线速度Angular velocity 角速度Centripetal force 向心力Kepler 开普勒Law of universal万有引力定律gravitationvibration 振动amplitude 振幅frequency 频率pendulum 单摆resonance 共振Centrifugal force 离心力8 Electric and Magnetic Fieldsfield 场charge 电荷Elementary charge 基本电荷Uniform electric field 匀强电场Electric potential 电势Electric potential电势差differenceMagnetic field 磁场Michael Faraday 法拉第Eletrostastic force 静电力Nikola Tesla 特斯拉Left-hand rule 左手定则9 Electric currentand Electric circuitsGeorg Simon Ohm 欧姆Electric current 电流Ampere 安培Resistance 电阻Resistivity 电阻率Conductor 导体Insulator 绝缘体Semiconductor 超导体Transistor 晶体管Diode 二机管Pile 电池组Electric work 电功Electric power 电功率Joule’s law 焦耳定律Series 串联Parallel 并联Branch 支流Batterry 电池Ammeter 安培表voltmeter 电压表voltage 电压Circuit 电路Circuit diagram 电路图Lead 导线Direct current 直流电Equivalent resistance 等效电阻Anode 阳极cathode 阴极10 Waves and light Longtitudinal wave 纵波Transverse wave 横波Wavelength 波长Wave velocity 波速Interferrence 干涉Diffraction 衍射Reflection 反射Medium 介质Crest 波峰Trough 波谷Refractive index 折射率Dispersion 色散Spectrum 光谱Radar 雷达Photon 光子Photon-electron 光电子Conpuscular theory 微粒说Infrared 红外线Ultraviolet ray 紫外线Critical angle 临界角Electromagnetic wave 电磁波Atomic spectra 电子光谱11 Atom nucleusElectron 电子Proton 质子Nucleus 中子Isotope 同位素Nuclear energy 核能Chain reaction 链式反应Fusion 聚变Hydrogen bomb 氢弹Radiating object 放射性物质Atomic bomb 原子弹Reactor 核反应堆Radioactive decay 反射性的衰变The photoelectric effect 光电现象同学们，你们好，当你们收到这个物理专业词汇表的时候，你们已经很庆幸地来到这门直接却曲折，清晰却模糊，简单却又深奥的物理学科的学习大门。
常用物理单词的中英文对照表
常用物理单词的中英文对照表Ⅰ、测量(measurement)物理学physics测量measure (vt.)测量工具measuring tool测量范围measuring range最小刻度division value 实验experiment实验室laboratory误差error刻度尺meter ruler零刻度线zero graduation line长度length单位unit面积area千米kilometer米meter 平方米square meter立方米cubic meter分米decimeter厘米centimeter毫米millimeter微米micron纳米nanometer时间time小时hour分钟minute秒second毫秒millisecond体积volume升Liter毫升Milliliter天平balance砝码weights游码rider质量mass吨ton 千克kilogram克gram毫克milligram停表stop watch力force牛顿Newton测力计dynamometer弹簧秤spring balanceⅡ、运动（simplemotion）相对运动relativemotion方向direction位置position路程path静止rest参照物reference速度velocity平均速度average velocity直线运动rectilinear motion曲线运动curvilinear motion变速直线运动variable rectilinear motion匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motionⅡ、热（heat）温度temperature温度计thermometer摄氏度degree centigrade体温计clinical thermometer分子molecules分子运动molecular motion 物质substance物体object状态state固体solid液体liquid气体gas物态变化statetransformation晶体crystal非晶体noncrystal熔化melting凝固solidification熔点melting point凝固点solidifying point汽化vaporization蒸发evaporation沸腾boiling沸点boiling point液化liquefaction升华sublimation凝华condensation扩散diffusion吸引力attractive force排斥力repulsive force冰箱refrigerator热传递heat transfer热传导heat conduction热对流heat convection热辐射heat radiation吸收absorb(v.)放出release(v.)热量heat比热（容）specific heat（capacity）Ⅳ、光（light）光源light source光的直线传播rectilinear propagationof light均匀介质well-distributed medium光速velocity of light小孔成像image byping hole日食solar eclipse月食lunar eclipse光的色散dispersion of light平面镜plane mirror光的反射reflectionof light反射定律reflection law 入射光线incident ray 反射光线reflected ray 法线normal镜面反射mirror reflection漫反射diffuse reflection入射角incident angle 反射角reflection angle 海市蜃楼mirage光的折射refractionoflight折射光线refracted ray折射角refraction angle光屏（屏幕）screen照相机camera潜望镜periscope幻灯机slide projector电影放映机filmprojector空气air真空vacuum蜡烛candle透镜lens凸透镜convex lens凹透镜concave lens会聚converge(v.)发散diverge(v.)焦距focal length焦点focus实像real image虚像virtual image（主）光轴principaloptical axis光心optical centeroflens放大的amplified缩小的reduced正立的erected倒立的inverted放大镜magnifier玻璃glass水waterⅤ、磁（magnetism）磁体magnet小磁针magneticneedle磁场magnetic field天然磁体natural magnet磁极magnetic pole地磁场geomagnetic field人造磁体man-made magnet南极north pole北极South pole电流的磁场magnetic field of electric current条形磁铁bar magnet磁感线magnetic induction line蹄形磁铁horseshoe magnet磁化magnetization电磁铁electromagnet Ⅵ、声音（sound）振动vibrate 声波wave of sound振幅amplitude介质medium音调pitch噪音noise传播travel响度loudness乐音voice声速velocity of sound音色musical quality分贝decibel（dB）回声echo频率frequencyⅦ、力（force）重力gravity惯性inertia动力motive force重心center of gravity平衡equilibrium阻力resistance摩擦力friction force压强pressure动力臂power arm滑动摩擦sliding friction帕斯卡Pascal(Pa)阻力臂resisting arm滚动摩擦rolling friction液体压强hydraulicpressure作用线action-line静摩擦static friction大气压强atmosphericof pressure滑轮pulley压力pressure force标准大气压standardatmospherepressure定滑轮fixed pulley浮力buoyancy force气压计barometer动滑轮movable pulley 力的图示force diagram 托里拆利Torricelli滑轮组pulley block力的大小magnitude of force阿基米德原理Archimedes principle功work力的方向direction of force密度density功率power力的作用点acting point of force潜水艇submarine机械效率mechanical efficiency合力resultant force 热气球fire balloon有用功useful work分力component force飞艇airship额外功extra wok力的合成compositionof forces简单机械simplemechanics总功total work形变deformation杠杆lever斜面inclined plane牛顿第一定律Newton’s First Law支点pivotⅧ、电（electricity）电荷electric charge正极positive plate电压voltage带电体charged body负极negative plate伏特Volt摩擦起电electrificationby friction电路electric circuit伏特计voltmeter正电荷positive charge通路closed circuit电阻resistance负电荷negative charge开路open circuit欧姆Ohm导体conductor短路short circuit变阻器rheostat绝缘体insulator电路图circuit map滑动变阻器slide wire rheostat半导体semiconductor 串联series connection 欧姆定律Ohm’s law 电源power source并联parallel connection 电功electric work导线wire电量electric quantity电功率electric power电键key(switch)电流electric current额定电压rated voltage干电池dry cell安培Ampere额定电功率ratedpower蓄电池storage plate安培计ammeter。
物理名词中英文对照小表
物理名词中英文对照小表机械振动 mechanical vibration简谐振动 simple harmonic oscillation振幅 amplitude周期 period频率 ferquency赫兹 hertz单摆 simple pendulum受迫振动 forced vibration共振 resonnance机械波 mechanical wave介质 medium横波 transverse wave纵波 longitudinal wave波长 wavelength超声波 supersonic wave阿伏加德罗常数 Avogadro constant布朗运动 Brown mation热运动 thermal motion热力学能 thermal energy内能 internal energy热力学第一定律 first law of thermodynamics 能量守恒定律 law of conservation of energy 热力学第二定律 second law of thermodynamics各向同性 isotropy各向异性 anisotropy单晶体 single crystal(monocrystal)多晶体 ploycrystal表面张力 surface tension毛细现象 capillarity液晶 liquid crystal电荷 electric charge电荷量 queantity df electricity正电荷 positive charg负电荷 negative charg库仑定律 Coulomb law静电感应 electrostatic induction感应电荷 inducde charge元电荷 elementary charge电荷守恒定律 law of conservation of charge库仑（电荷单位） coulomb电场 electric fileld电场强度 electric field strength电场线 electric potential电势 electric potential电势差/电压 electric potential difference伏特 volt电容 capacitance电容器 capacitor法拉（电容单位） farad电流 electric current安培（电流单位） ampere电阻 resistance欧姆（电阻单位） ohm电动势 electormotive force(e.m.f.)半导体 semiconductor超导体 superconductor磁性 magnetism磁场 magnetic field磁感线 magnetic induction line安培定则 Ampere rule安培力 Ampere force磁感应强度 magnetic induction左手定则 left-hand rule洛伦兹力 Lorentz force磁通量 magnetic flux电磁感应 elctromagnetic induction感应电流 induction current感应电动势 induction electromotive force电磁感应定律 law of electromagnetic induction 右手定则 right-hand rule自感 self-induction交流 alternating current瞬时值 instantaneous value峰值 peak value有效值 effective value电感 inductance变压器 transformer电能 electric energy电磁场 electromagnetic field电磁波 electromagnetic wave雷达 radar光线 light ray平行光 parallel light实象 real image虚象 virtual image折射 refaction入射角 incident angle反射角 reflection angle折射角 diffraction angle折射率 diffraction index全反射 total reflection临界角 critical angle光导纤维 optical fiber棱镜 prism色散 dispersion光谱 spectrum波的衍射 diffraction of wave波的干涉 interference of waves 红外线 infrared ray紫外线 ultraviolet rayX射线 X-ray电磁波谱 electromagnetic effect 光电效应 photoelectric effect光子 photon普朗克常数 Planck constant波粒二象性 wave-particle duality 概率波 probability wave物质波 matter wave激光 laser电子 electron质子 proton中子 neutron核子 nucleon同位数 isotope原子核 nucleus能级 energy level基态 ground state激发态 excited state跃迁 transition放射性 radioactivityα射线α rayβ射线β rayγ射线γ ray衰变 decay核反应 nuclear reaction核能 nuclear energy质能方程 mass-energy equation 裂变 fission链式反应 chain reaction聚变 fusion热核反应 thermonuclear reaction 介子 meson轻子 lepton强子 hadron。
完整版中学物理学名词中英文对照
中学物理学名词中英文对照英文对照中文词汇AAmpere 安培lens concave 凹透镜Bspecific heat 比热容resistor variable 变阻器circuitparallel 并联电路source energy 不可再生能源nonrenewableCoverweight 超重wave supersonic 超声波超导体superconductorwave infrasonic 次声波of reference frame 参照物参照系reference framemeasure 测量length 长度series串联电路磁场magnetic fieldline induction magnetic 磁感线磁体magnetD1动力学dynamics动能kinetic energy动能定理theorem of kinetic energy 动摩擦因数dynamic friction factor第一宇宙速度first cosmic velocity第二宇宙速度second cosmic velocity第三宇宙速度third cosmic velocityconductor 导体cell电池electric light 电灯current electric 电流电流表ammetercurrent electric 电路voltage 电压voltmeter 电压表电源power supplyresistance 电阻movable pulley 动滑轮pulley fixed 定滑轮短路short circuitcircuit open 断路地磁场germagnetic fieldelectromagnetic wave 电磁波电磁波谱electromagnetic spectrum电磁感应electromagnetic induction电动机motor电功率electric power2telephone 电话energy electrical 电能meter kilowatt-hour 电能表Evoltage rated 额定电压rated power 额定功率Fminute分system noninertial 非惯性系reflection 反射non-crystal 非晶体point boiling 沸点decibel 分贝olt伏特Velectric generator 发电机Ginertia惯性intertial system 惯性系惯性力inertial forcelever 杠杆work 功功率powervelocity of light 光速光源light source3current induction 感应电流fiber optical 光导纤维HHertz 赫兹rays infrared 红外线pulley滑轮sliding friction 滑动摩擦reactor nuclear 核反应堆nuclear energy 核能Jmechanical motion 机械运动加速度accelerationrest静止work mechanical 机械功energy mechanical 机械能efficiency mechanical 机械效率law of conservation of 机械能守恒定律energymechanicalfocus 焦点crystal晶体镜面反射reflection mirrorJoul 焦耳law Joule 焦耳定律绝缘体insulator交变电流alternating current4fusion聚变factor friction static 静摩擦因数Kswitch开关source energy renewable 可再生能源Lforce力forces composition of 力的合成resolution of forces 力的分解force of moment 力矩prism棱镜连锁反应Chain reaction fission 裂变solenoid 螺旋管Mmetre 米秒secondreflection diffuse 漫反射friction force 摩擦力N牛顿NewtonNewton law 牛顿第一定律first牛顿第二定律Newton second law5law third Newton 牛顿第三定律energy 能量、能solidification 凝固internal 内能能量的转化energy of conservation of Law 和守恒定律OOhm 欧姆Paverage velocity 平均速度speed average 平均速率state equilibrium 平衡状态frequency 频率平面镜mirror planeQmotion curvilinear 曲线运动vaporization 汽化千瓦时kilowatt-hourRmelting 熔点point melting 熔化热量heat热值heat value6fuse 熔丝Stime 时间velocity 速度speed速率instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度weightlessness 失重energy potential 势能dispersion 色散升华sublimationwave sound 声波sound 声音image 实像realTforceelastic 弹力energy potential elastic 弹性势能透镜lenslens convex 凸透镜图像graphsolar energy 太阳能W位移displacementgravitational 万有引力universal万有引力定律of Law universal gravitation 7telescope 望远镜temperature 温度thermometer 温度计Watt 瓦特microwave 微波Xcentripetal force 向心力acceleration centripetal 向心加速度microscope 显微镜loudness 响度image 像image virtual 虚像Ykinematics运动学motion uniform rectilinear 匀速直线运动circular motion 圆周运动gravitational constant 引力常数液化liquefactionpitch音调quality musical 音色乐音musical soundappliance electric 用电器因特网InternetZ8重力gravity重心center of gravity自由落体freely falling body重力加速度acceleration due to gravity 重力势能gravitational potential energy 周期period噪声noiserefraction 折射vibration 振动amplitude 振幅evaporation 蒸发rays ultraviolet 紫外线指南针compasspoint mass 质点直线运动rectilinear motion9。
物理名词中英文对照
物理名词中英文对照必修1力学 mechanics质点 mass point参考系 reference frame坐标系 coordinate system路径 path位移 displacement矢量 vector标量 scalar速度 velocity平均速度 average velocity瞬时速度 instantaneous velocity速率 speedv~t图像 v~t graph加速度 acceleration匀变速直线运动uniform variable rectilinear motion初速度 initial velocity自由落体运动 free fall motion自由落体加速度 free fall acceleration 重力加速度gravitational acceleration力 force重力 gravity重心 center of gravity万有引力 gravitation电磁相互作用electromagnetic interaction强相互作用 strong interaction弱相互作用 weak interaction形变 deformation弹性形变 elastic deformation弹性限度 elastic limit弹力 elastic force劲度系数 coefficient of stiffness胡克定律 Hooke law摩擦力 frictional force静摩擦力 static frictional force滑动摩擦力 sliding frictional force动摩擦因数 dynamic friction factor合理 resultant force分力 components of force力的合成 composition of forces平行四边形定则 parallelogram rule 共点力 concurrent force力的分解 resolution of force三角形定则 triangular rule运动学 kinematics动力学 dynamic牛顿第一定律 Newton first law惯性定律 law of inertia牛顿第二定律 Newton second law单位制 system of units作用力 action反作用力 reaction牛顿第三定律 Newton third law超重 overweight失重 weightlessness必修2曲线运动 curvilinear motion切线 tangent 抛体运动 projectile motion抛物线 parabola线速度 linear velocity匀速圆周运动 uniform circular motion 角速度 angular velocity弧度 radian向心加速度 centripetal acceleration向心力 centripetal force引力常量 gravitational constant万有引力定律law of universal gravitation宇宙第一速度 first cosmic velocity能 energy势能 potential energy动能 kinetic energy功 work功率 power重力势能gravitational potential energy弹性势能 elastic potential energy动能定理 theorem of kinetic energy机械能 mechanical energy机械能守恒定律 law of conservation of mechanical energy 能量守恒定律law of energy conservation高考相关的物理学史内容（1）落体理论：亚里士多德：物体下落的快慢是由它们的重量决定，越重的物体下落的越快；伽利略：物体做自由落体运动时与物体本身的重量无关（2）胡克定律：弹力与弹簧形变量成正比（3）亚里士多德认为必须有力作用在物体上，物体才能运动；没有力的作用，物体就要静止在一个地方。
大学物理常用单词中英对照表
已更正Gravitational constant引力常量GGravity acceleration重力加速度gElectron charge电子电荷（元电荷）e Mass of electron电子质量m eMass of Earth地球质量m EOne electron volt1单位电子伏特 1eV Permittivity in vacuum真空电导率（介电常数）ɛ0 Permeability in vacuum真空磁导率μ0angular momemtum conservation角动量守恒axis轴capacitance电容capacitor电容器cavity洞centrifugal离心的centrifugal force离心力centripetal向心的centripetal force向心力charge电荷circular motion转动clockwise顺时针的cnoductor导体collision碰撞compression压缩Coriolis force科里奥利力corrdinates坐标cylindrical圆柱状的density密度diameter直径dielectric绝缘体dipole偶极子displacement位移Dynamics动力学elastic force弹力electrostatic force静电场力elliptical椭圆的EMF电动势equilibrium平衡态equivalent等价的exert施加friction摩擦gravatational force引力horizontally水平的induced感生inertial referance frame惯性参考系initiallly初始的insulate绝缘的Kinematics运动学linear momentum conservation（线性）动量守恒Lorentz force洛伦兹力magneto-static force静磁场力Mechanics力学moment of inertia转动惯量mount装载negative负nonuniform不均匀的normal法向parallel平行particle粒子penetrate穿过plane/flat平面positive正potential势prependicular/vertical垂直的radius半径ratio比例repel排斥respectively分别的rod/stick杆rotate旋转satellite卫星solid固体Special Relativity狭义相对论spherical shell球壳spring弹簧tangential切向torque力矩trajectory轨迹translational motion平动velocity速度voltage电压。
常用物理词汇中英文对照
常用物理词汇中英文对照Aa.c. generator 交流发电机aberration 光行差，像差absolute index of refraction 绝对折射率absolute refractive index 绝对折射率absolute temperature scale 绝对温标absolute zero 绝对零度absorber 吸收体absorbing power 吸收能力，吸收本领absorptance 吸收比absorption 吸收absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption line 吸收谱线absorption spectrum 吸收光谱，吸收谱accelerate 加速acceleration 加速度acceleration due to gravity 重力加速度acceleration-time graph 加速度—时间关系线图accelerator 加速器acceptor 接受体acceptor doping 受体掺杂acceptor impurity 受体杂质accommodation 调节，视觉调节accumulator 蓄电池accuracy 准确度acetate strip 醋酸酯条片achromatic 消色差的achromatic aberration 消色差achromatic condenser 消色差聚光透镜achromatic light 消色差光，白光acoustic blur 声响模糊acoustic board 吸音板，吸声板acoustic navigation 声响导航acoustic pressure 声压acoustics 声学act on 施于action 作用量，作用，作用力action of point 尖端作用activation 激活，活化activation energy 激活能，活化能active nucleus 活性核，放射性核activity 放射强度，放射性adapter 接合器adder 加法器adhesion 附着力，附着，黏附adhesive force 附着力adiabatic 绝热的adiabatic expansion 绝热膨胀adiabatic process 绝热过程aerial 天线??aerial induction 天线调谐电感aerial network 天线网络aerodynamic force 气动力，空气动力aerodynamics 气体动力学，空气动力学aerofoil 机翼agent 剂air blower 吹风器air column 空气柱，气柱air cushion 气垫air damping 空气阻尼air film 气膜air track 气垫导航air wedge 气楔alignment 对准，校整alpha decay α衰变alpha particle α粒子alpha particle scattering analogue α粒子放射模拟alternating current 交流电alternating voltage 交变电压，交流电压alternator 交流发电机altimeter 高度计，测高仪americium镅ammeter 安培计amorphous 非结晶的，无定形的ampere 安培，安ampere-hour 安培小时，安时amplification 放大，放大率amplifier 放大器amplify 放大amplitude 振幅amplitude modulation 调幅，振幅调剂amyl acetate 醋酸戊酯anaemia 贫血analogue 模拟analogue experiment 模拟实验analogue signal 仿真讯号，非数字讯号analogue-to-digital conversion 模拟转换analyser 检偏振器AND gate 「与」门anemometer 风速计aneroid barometer 无液气压计，空盒气压计angle of contact 接触角angle of deviation 偏向角angle of diffraction 衍射角，绕射角angle of dip 倾角angle of elevation 仰角angle of emergence 出射角angle of incidence 入射角angle of inclination 倾角angle of minimum deviation 最小偏向角angle of projection 投射角angle of reflection 反射角angle of refraction 折射角angle of twist 扭转角angstrom 埃angular acceleration 角加速度angular aperture 孔径张角angular displacement 角位移angular frequency 角频率angular impulse 角冲量angular magnification 角度放大，角放大率angular momentum 角动量，动量矩angular motion 角向运动，角运动angular seed 角速率angular velocity 角速度angular width 角宽度annealing 退火，韧化anode 阳极，正极anomalous expansion 反常膨胀antenna 天线??anticlockwise moment 逆时针力矩antifreeze 防冻剂antinodal line 腹线??antinode 波腹antiparticle 反粒子antiphase 反相，逆相aperture 孔径，口径，孔apparent depth 视深apparent expansion 表观膨胀，视膨胀apparent frequency 表观频率，视频率apparent loss in weight 表观失重apparent weight 表观重量Appleton layer 阿普顿层，F电离层aqueous layer 水层Archimedes' principle 阿基米得原理area 面积argon 氩armature 电枢artificial disintegration 人工蜕变artificial radioactivity 人工放射astable 非稳态的astable circuit 非稳态电路astable multivibrator 非态多谐振荡器astigmatism 像散，散光astronomical telescope 天文望远镜at infinity 在无穷远处at rest 静止atmosphere 大气，大气层，大气压atmospheric pressure 大气压强atom 原子atomic bomb 原子弹atomic bond 原子键atomic density 原子密度atomic diameter 原子直径atomic energy 原子能atomic mass 原子质量atomic mass unit 原子质量单位atomic model 原子模型atomic nucleus 原子核atomic number 原子序数atomic radius 原子半径atomic separation 原子间距atomic spacing 原子间距atomic structure 原子结构atomic theory 原子论atomizer 喷雾器attenuation 衰减attraction 吸引attractive force 吸力audible frequency range 听频范围audible signal 可听讯号audio frequency 声频autofocus 自动聚焦，自动对焦avalanche 电子雪崩average acceleration 平均加速度average power 平均功率average speed 平均速率average velocity 平均速度Avogadro constant 阿佛加德罗常数，阿佛加德罗常量Avogadro number 阿佛加德罗数Avogadro's law 阿佛加德罗定律axial 轴向的，沿轴的axial field 轴向场axial search coil 轴向探察线图axis 轴axis of rotation 转轴Bback e.m.f. 反电动势background radiation 本底辐射Bainbridge mass spectrometer 班布里奇质谱仪balance 天平，秤，平衡balance arm 秤杆，平衡臂balance point 平衡点balance bridge 平衡电桥balanced force 平衡力ball bearing 球轴承，滚珠轴承ballistic galvanometer 冲击电流计，冲击检流计ballistic pendulum 冲击摆Balmer series 巴耳末系，巴耳末光谱band spectrum 带状光谱，带状谱bandwidth 带宽bar code 条形码bar magnet 磁棒bare wire 裸线??barium 钡barometer 气压计barrier 障碍物barrier layer 阻档层，耗尽层barrier potential difference 阻档层电势差，阻档层电位差Barton's pendulums 巴尔通摆base 基极base current 基极电流battery 电池组battery charger 电池充电器battery holder 电池座beaker 烧杯beam splitter 分束器，射束分离器beat 拍beat frequency 拍频becquerel 贝克勒耳，贝克bel 贝尔，贝bell jar 钟形罩bench mat 实验台垫Bernoulli's theorem 伯努利定律beryllium 铍beta decay β衰变beta particle β粒子biasing circuit 偏压电路biasing voltage 偏压biconcave lens 双凹透镜biconvex lens 双凸透镜bicycle dynamo 自行车发电机，脚踏车发电机bifilar pendulum 双线摆bifocal lens 双焦距透镜big bang model 大爆炸模型bimetallic strip 双层金属片，双金属片binary adder 二进加法器binary system 二进制binding 结合binding energy 结合能binoculars 双筒望远镜Biot-Savart law 毕奥—萨伐尔定律bipolar 双极的birefraction 双折射bistable 双稳态的，双稳器bistable circuit 双稳电路bistable multivibrator 双稳态多谐振荡器bit 二进制制，位black body radiation 黑体辐射block and tackle 滑轮组block diagram 方框图blocking capacitor 隔直流电器容blooming 敷霜，表面加膜Bohr atom 玻尔原子Bohr radius 玻尔半径Bohr theory 玻尔理论boil 沸腾，煮沸boiler 锅炉boiling point 沸点bolometer 辐射热计Boltzmann constant 玻耳兹曼常数，玻耳兹曼常量bombardment 轰击bond energy 键能bonding 键合Bourdon gauge 布尔登气压计bow wave 弓形波，舷波Boyle's law 博伊尔定律Brackett series 布喇开系，布喇开光谱Bragg angle 布喇格角Bragg diffraction 布喇格衍射，布喇格绕射Bragg plane 布喇格平面Bragg's law 布喇格定律brake 制动器breakdown potential 击穿电势，击穿电位breaking point 断点breaking strength 抗断强度breaking stress 致断应力breeder reactor 增殖反应堆bremsstrahlung 轫致辐射Brewster's law 布鲁斯特定律bridge circuit 桥式电路bridge rectifier 桥式整流器bright fringe 亮纹brightness 亮度brittle 脆的，易碎的bromine 溴Brownian movement 布朗运动brush 电刷bubble chamber 气泡室bubble raft model 泡筏模型buffer 缓冲器buffer circuit 缓冲电路bulk modulus 体积弹性模量Bunsen burner 本生灯buoyancy 浮力burette 滴定管burette stand 滴定管架burglar alarm 防盗警报器，防盗警钟buzzer 蜂鸣器by-pass 旁路byte 二进制组，字节Ccable 电缆cadmium sulphide 硫化镉caesium 铯calcite 方解石calibrate 校准，标上刻度calipers 测径器，卡钳calorie 卡路里，卡calorimeter 量热器camera 照相机cancer cell 癌细胞candela 坎德拉cantilever 悬臂capacitance 电容capacitance substitution box 换值电容箱capacitive circuit 电容电路capacitive component 电容性分量capacitive coupling 电容耦合capacitive discharge 电容性放电capacitive reactance 容抗capacitor 电容器capacitor-input filter 电容输入滤波器capacity 容量，载量capillarity 毛细现象，毛细作用capillary depression 毛细下降capillary rise 毛细上升capillary tube 毛细管capsule 囊capture 俘获carbon 碳carbon granule 碳颗粒carbon paper disc 圆形碳纸carbon-14 dating 碳14年代测定法carburettor 化油器，汽化器carrier wave 载波carry 进位castor oil 蓖麻油cataract 白内障cathode 阴极，负极cathode ray 阴极射线??cathode ray deflection tube 阴极射线偏转管cathode-ray oscilloscope 阴极射线示波器，示波器cathode-ray tube 阴极射线管cavity resonator 空腔共振器celestial telescope 天体望远镜cell 电池，细胞Celsius temperature scale 摄氏温标centimetre 厘米centralized low voltage power supply unit 中央控制低压电源箱centre of curvature 曲率中心centre of gravity 重心centre of mass 质心centre of oscillation 振荡中心centre-tapped transformer 中心抽头变压器centrifugal force 离心力centrifuge 离心机centripetal acceleration 向心加速度centripetal force 向心力Chadwick 查德威克chain reaction 连锁反应change of state 物态变化change-over switch 换向开关characteristic 特性，特征characteristic curve 特性曲线??characteristic line 特征线，特征谱??characteristic spectrum 特征光谱，特征谱charge 电荷，充电，起电charge carrier 载荷子charge conservation 电荷守恒charge density 电荷密度charge distribution 电荷分布charge to mass ratio 荷质比charged particle 带电粒子charging by contact 接触起电charging by friction 摩擦生电charging by induction 感应起电charging by sharing 授受起电charging time constant 充电时间常数，充电时间常量Charles's law 查理定律choke 扼流，抗流，扼流圈，抗流圈choke circuit 扼流电路，抗流电路chromatic aberration 色差chromatic dispersion 色散cinefilm soundtrack 电影胶片声迹circle of least confusion 最少模糊圈，明晰圈circuit 电路circuit board 电路板circuit breaker 断路器circuit symbol 电路符号circular coil 环形线圈circular motion 圆周运动circular orbit 圆周轨道circular pulse 圆形脉冲circular wave 圆形波circular wavefront 圆形波阵面，圆形波前clamp 夹钳，夹紧clap-echo method 「拍掌—回声」法cleave 裂开clinical thermometer 体温计clip 夹子clockwise moment 顺时针力矩closed circuit 闭合电路closed pipe 闭管closed tube 闭管closed-loop control system 死循环控制系统closed-loop gain 死循环增益closed-loop voltage gain 死循环电压增益closely packed 密堆积的cloud chamber 云室cloud chamber track 云室径迹coaxial 共轴，同轴coaxial cable 同轴电缆，同轴??cobalt 钴code 编码coder 编码器coefficient of dynamic friction 动摩擦系数coefficient of friction 摩擦系数coefficient of restitution 恢复系数coefficient of static friction 静摩擦系数coefficient of viscosity 黏滞系数coherent 相干的cohesion 内聚力，内聚cohesive force 内聚力coil 线圈collector 集电极，集极collector current 集电极电流，集极电流collimator 准直管，准直仪collision 碰撞colour 颜色colour code 色码，色标combinational logic 组合逻辑common emitter 共发射极common-mode voltage 共模电压commutator 换向器compass 指南针，罗盘complete circuit 完整电路component 组件，分量，组分component of force 分力compound microscope 复式显微镜compound pendulum 复摆compressed gas 压缩气体compressibility 可压缩性，压缩系数，压缩率compressible fluid 可压缩性流体compression 密部，压缩compression spring balance 压缩弹簧天平concave 凹concave lens 凹透镜concave mirror 凹镜，凹面镜concentric capacitor 同心电容器condensation 凝结，凝聚condensation nucleus 凝结核，凝聚核condensation point 凝点，凝结点condenser 聚光器，电容器，冷凝器conductance 电导conductivity 传导性，传导率conductor 导体conical pendulum 锥摆conjugate foci 共轭焦点conservation of angular momentum 角动量守恒conversation of charge 电荷守恒conservation of energy 能量守恒conservation of mechanical energy 机械能守恒conservation of momentum 动量守恒conservative force 守恒力，保守力conserved 守恒constant acceleration 恒加速度constant angular acceleration 恒角加速度constant angular velocity 恒角速度constant force 恒力constant motion 恒速运动constant pressure 定压constant speed 恒速率constant temperature 定温constant velocity 恒速度constant volume 定容constant volume gas thermometer 定容气体温度计constantan 康铜constriction 颈缩constructive interference 相长干涉contact angle 接触角contact area 接触面积contact force 接触力continuity equation 连续性方程continuous spectrum 连续光谱，连续谱continuous wave 连续波contract 收缩control experiment 对照实验，比对实验control grid 控制栅极control rod 控制棒control system 控制系统convection 对流converge 会聚converging lens 会聚透镜converging mirror 会聚镜convex 凸convex lens 凸透镜convex mirror 凸镜，凸面镜coolant 冷却剂cooling by evaporation 蒸发致冷cooling correction 冷却修正cooling curve 冷却曲线??cooling effect 冷却效应cooling system 冷却系统，散热系统coplanar forces 共面力core 心，核心Coriolis force 科里奥利力corkscrew rule 螺旋法则cornea 角膜corona discharge 电晕放电corpuscular theory of light 光的微粒学说correction 矫正，修正cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射coulomb 库伦Coulomb's law 库伦定律count rate 计数率counter 计数器counter weight 平衡锤，配重couple 力偶coupled oscillation 耦合振荡coupling 耦合covalent bond 共价键crane magnet 起重磁铁creep 蠕变crest 波峰critical angle 临界角critical damping 临界阻尼critical mass 临界质量critical point 临界点critical temperature 临界温度critical velocity 临界速度crocodile clip 鳄鱼夹cross hairs 十字丝，叉丝cross-sectional area 截面积Crova's disc 克罗瓦盘crystal 晶体crystal diffraction 晶体衍射，晶体绕射crystal lattice 晶体点阵，晶体格子，晶格crystal planes 晶面crystalline 结晶的crystallization 结晶crystallography 晶体学cubical expansivity 体积膨胀系数，体积膨胀率curie 居里current 电流current amplification 电流放大current amplification factor 电流放大因素current amplifier 电流放大器current balance 电流天平current density 电流密度current gain 电流增益current intensity 电流强度current pulse 电流脉冲current sensitivity 电流灵敏度current stabilizer 稳流器current transfer characteristic 电流转移特性current-carrying conductor 载电流导体current-voltage characteristic curve 电流—电压特性曲线?? curved mirror 曲面镜cyclotron 回旋加速器cylindrical concave lens 柱面凹透镜cylindrical concave mirror 柱面凹镜cylindrical convex lens 柱面凸透镜cylindrical convex mirror 柱面凸镜cylindrical lens 柱面透镜cylindrical mirror 柱面镜Ff-number f数，光圈数f-stop f制光圈far point 远点farad 法拉Faraday constant 法拉第常数，法拉第常量Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction 法拉第电磁感应定律fast breeder reactor 快中子增殖反应堆feedback 反馈feedback amplifier 反馈放大器feedback resistance 反馈电阻ferromagnetic substance 铁磁性物质ferromagnetism 铁磁性fictitious force 假力，伪力fidelity 保真性，保真度field coil 场线圈field effect transistor 场效应晶体管field intensity 场强field lines 场力线??field magnet 场磁铁，场磁体field of view 视场，视野field strength 场强figure of merit 优值，灵敏值filament 灯丝，丝极filter capacitor 滤波电容器filter circuit 滤波电路filter pump 滤泵final state 终态，末态final velocity 末速度fine-adjustment 微调，细调fire alarm 火警警报器，火警钟first law of thermodynamics 热力学第一定律first order spectrum 第一级光谱，第一级谱fission 裂变fission reactor 裂变反应堆fixed point 定点fixed pulley 定滑轮fixed resistor 定值电阻器flat coil 扁平线圈flat solenoid 扁平螺线管flat-bottomed flask 平底烧瓶Fleming's left hand rule 弗林明左手定则Fleming's right hand rule 弗林明右手定则floating body 浮体fluid 流体fluid dynamics 流体动力学fluorescence 荧光fluorescent screen 荧光屏，荧光幕flux 通量flux density 通量密度fly-back 回扫flywheel 飞轮focal length 焦距focal plane 焦平面focus 焦点，聚焦，对焦focus control 聚焦控制follower circuit 跟随电路foot pump 脚踏泵force 力force constant 力常数，力常量force polygon 力多边形force resolution 力的分解force triangle 力三角形force-extension curve 施力—伸长关系曲线?? forced oscillation 受迫振荡former 框forward biased 正向偏压forward current 正向电流fossil fuel 化石燃料Foucault's rotating mirror method 傅科旋转镜法frame of reference 参考坐标系，参考系Franck-Hertz experiment 弗兰克—赫兹实验Fraunhofer diffraction 夫琅和费衍射，夫琅和费绕射Fraunhofer lines 夫琅和费谱线??free electron 自由电子free fall 自由下坠，自由下落free falling body 自由落体free oscillation 自由振荡free path 自由程free space 自由空间freeze 凝固freezing point 凝固点freon 氟利昂，二氯二氟甲烷frequency 频率frequency modulation 调频，频率调制frequency response 频率响应Fresnel diffraction 菲涅耳衍射，菲涅耳绕射Fresnel's biprism 菲涅耳双棱镜friction 摩擦，摩擦力friction compensated 补偿摩擦作用frictionless motion 无摩擦运动fringe 条纹fringe pattern 条纹图形fuel rod 燃料棒fulcrum 支点full adder 全加法器full-scale deflection 满标偏转full-wave rectification 全波整流full-wave rectifier 全波整流器fundamental frequency 基频fundamental mode of vibration 基谐振动模式fundamental note 基音fundamental quantity 基本量fundamental unit 基本单位fuse 保险丝fuse rating 保险丝额定值fusion 熔解，聚变fusion point 熔点fusion reactor 聚变反应堆GG - clamp G-形钳gain 增益gain control 增益控制galaxy 星系Galilean telescope 伽利略望远镜Galileo's thought experiment 伽利略假想实验galvanometer 电流计，检流计gamma radiation 伽玛辐射gamma ray 伽玛射线??gap 隙gas 气，气体gas pressure 气体强压，气压gaseous phase 气相gaseous state 气态gauge 规，计Gauss theorem 高斯定理Geiger counter 盖革计数器Geiger-Marsden scattering experiment 盖革—马斯登散射实验Geiger-Muller counter 盖革—弥勒计数器Geiger-Muller tube 盖革—弥勒管general gas equation 普适气体方程general gas law 普适气体定律generator 发电机genetic effect 遗传效应geometrical optics 几何光学germanium 锗ghost effect 迭影效应glancing angle 掠射角glass fibre 玻璃纤维glycerine 甘油gold foil 金箔fold leaf electroscope 金箔验电器gradient 斜率，梯度graduated cylinder 量筒Graham's law of diffusion 格拉哈姆散定律grain 粒，晶粒gramophone record 唱片，唱碟graph 图，线图，图表graphical method 图解法grating 光栅grating spectrometer 光栅光谱仪，光栅分光计gravitational acceleration 重力加速度gravitational attraction 引力，重力gravitational constant 引力常数，引力常量gravitational field 引力场，重力场gravitational force 引力，重力gravitational mass 引力质量gravitational potential 引力势，重力势gravitational potential difference 引力势差，重力势差gravitational potential energy 引力势能，重力势能gravity 重力grazing incidence 掠入射，切入射greenhouse effect 温室效应grid 栅极grid control 栅极控制grid system 电力网groove 纹道，针槽，开槽ground 接地ground state 基态guinea and feather experiment 「硬币与羽毛」实验Hhair spring 游丝half adder 半加法器half-life 半衰期half-silvered mirror 半镀银镜half-wave rectification 半波整流half-wave rectifier 半波整流器Hall effect 霍耳效应Hall probe 霍耳探测器Hall voltage 霍耳电压hand stroboscope 手动式频闪观测器harmonic 谐音harmonic motion 谐运动harmonic oscillation 谐振荡head-on collision 对正碰撞，正碰heat 热，热量，加热，热学heat absorbent 吸热剂heat absorber 吸热器heat absorption 吸热，热吸收heat capacity 热容量heat conduction 热传导heat exchange 热交换heat flow 热流heat gain 热增益，得热heat insulation 热绝缘，隔热heat loss 热损耗，失热heat proof 耐热的，隔热的heat pump 热泵heat radiation 热辐射heat reservoir 热库，储热器heat sink 热壑heat transfer 热传递，热转移heater 发热器，加热器heating effect 热效应heating element 发热组件Helmholtz coils 亥姆霍兹线圈henry 亨利，亨hertz 赫兹，赫high dispersion prism 高色散棱镜high tension 高电压hole 空穴，空子hollow plastic lens 空心塑料透镜hollow plastic prism 空心塑料棱镜hologram 全息图holography 全息术，全息学Hooke's law 虎克定律horizontal 水平horizontal component 水平分量horizontal deflection 水平偏转horseshoe magnet 蹄形磁铁hot cathode 热阴极hour 小时Huygens' principle 惠更斯原理hydraulic press 水压机hydroelectric power 水力发电hydrogen bomb 氢弹hygrometer 湿度计hyperbolic orbit 双曲线轨道hypodermic needle 皮下注射针头hypodermic syringe 皮下注射针筒hypothesis 假说，假设hysteresis 滞后现象Iideal gas 理想气体ideal gas equation 理想气体方程ideal gas temperature scale 理想气体温标ideal machine 理想机械illuminate 照明，照亮image 像image distance 像距immerse 浸没immersion heater 浸没式电热器impact 碰撞impedance 阻抗impulse 冲量impurity 杂质in focus 焦点对准in parallel 并联in phase 同相in series 串联incident ray 入射线??incident wavefront 入射波阵面，入射波前inclined plane 斜面incoherent 不相干的incompressible fluid 非压缩性流体indicator 指示器indirectly heated cathode 旁热式阴极induced charge 感生电荷induced current 感生电流induced e.m.f. 感生电动势induced voltage 感生电压??inducing charge 施感电荷inducing current 施感电流inductance 电感inductance capacitance coupled circuit 感容耦合电路inductance coil 电感线圈induction 感应induction heating 感应生热inductive circuit 电感电路inductive component 电感性分量inductive reactance 感抗inductor 电感器，感应器inelastic collision 非弹性碰撞inert gas 惰性气体inertia 惯性，惯量inertia balance 惯性秤inertial frame 惯性坐标系，惯性系inertial mass 惯性质量infra-red detector 红外线探测器infra-red radiation 红外辐射infra-red ray 红外线??initial state 初态initial velocity 初速度input 输入input bias current 输入偏压电流input characteristic 输入特性input current 输入电流input offset current 输入补偿电流input power 输入功率input resistance 输入电阻input voltage 输入电压input-output voltage characteristic 输入—输出电压特性instantaneous acceleration 瞬时加速度instantaneous angular velocity 瞬时角速度instantaneous current 瞬时电流instantaneous power 瞬时功率instantaneous speed 瞬时速率instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度instantaneous voltage 瞬时电压insulation 绝缘insulator 绝缘体integrated circuit 集成电路intensity 强度intensity control 强度控制intensity of current 电流强度interaction 相互作用interatomic force 原子间力interatomic potential 原子间势，原子间位interatomic separation 原子间距intercept 截距，截段interconversion 互换interference 干涉interference pattern 干涉图形internal energy 内能internal force 内力internal resistance 内电阻internal work 内功international system of units 国际单位制，公制，十进制interval 间隔intrinsic semiconductor 纯半导体，本征半导体inverse-square law 平方反比定律inverted 倒立的inverter 反相器，倒换器inverting input 反相输入ion 离子ion-pair 离子偶，离子对ionic bond 离子键ionic structure 离子结构ionization 电离作用ionization chamber 电离室ionization current 电离电流ionization energy 电离能ionization potential 电离电势，电离电位ionization voltage 电离电压ionize 电离ionized atom 离子ionized layer 电离层ionizing power 致电离能力，致电离本领ionizing radiation 致电离辐射ionosphere 电离层iris 虹膜，可变光阑iron core 铁心iron filings 铁粉irreversible process 不可逆过程isobar 等压线，同质异序素isobaric expansion 等压膨胀isobaric process 等压过程isochronous oscillation 等时振荡isotherm 等温线??isothermal process 等温过程isotope 同位素isovolumetric process 等容过程JJaegers method 耶格法jet propulsion 喷气推进jockey 滑动触头joule 焦耳joulemeter 焦耳计junction 连接，接头junction diode 面结型二极管junction transistor 面结型晶体管KKaleidoscope 万花筒Kelvin 开尔文，开Kelvin temperature scale 开氏温标Kepler's law 开普勒定律key 电键kilogram 千克kilowatt 千瓦特，千瓦kilowatt-hour 千瓦小时，千瓦时kilowatt-hour meter 电表，千瓦时计kinematics 运动学kinetic energy 动能kinetic friction 动摩擦kinetic theory 分子运动论kinetic theory model 分子运动模型kinetic theory of gases 气体分子运动论Kirchhoff's law 基尔霍夫定律kit 套件knife-edge 刃形支承，刀刃，刀边kryton 氪Kundt's tube 孔脱管Llagging 保温套laminar flow 层流laminated 分层的，迭片的laser 激光，激光器laser beam 激光束laser material 激光材料latch 闩锁latent heat 潜热lateral 横向，侧向，旁向lateral inversion 横向倒置lateral magnification 横向放大，横向放大率lateral search coil 横向探察线圈lattice 点阵，晶格lattice spacing 点阵间隔，点阵间距law 定律law of conservation of momentum 动量守恒定律law of reflection 反射定律law of refraction 折射定律lead 导线，铅lead-acid accumulator 铅酸蓄电池leakage current 漏泄电流least distance of distinct vision 最小明视距离Leclanche cell 勒克朗谢电池length 长度lens 透镜，晶体，晶状体lens formula 透镜公式lens holder 透镜座lens marker's formula 透镜制造者公式Lenz's law 楞次定律leukaemia 白血病lever 杠杆light 光，光学light beam 光束，光柱light dependent resistor 光敏电阻器light emitting diode 发光二极管light guide 光导light pipe 光导管light ray 光线??light sensitive resistor 光敏电阻器light source 光源lightning 闪电lightning conductor 避雷针limiting angle 极限角limiting friction 极限摩擦line of action 作用线??line of force 力线??line spectrum 线状光谱，线状谱linear air track 线性气垫导航linear electronics 线性电子学linear expansivity 线性膨胀系数，线性胀率linear flow 线流linear momentum 线动量linear voltage amplification 线性电压放大率linearly polarized wave 线偏振波liquefaction 液化liquid 液体liquid crystal 液晶体liquid phase 液相liquid pressure 液体压强liquid-in-glass thermometer 玻管液体温度计Lissajous figure 利萨如图形live 载电，活线，火线Lloyd's mirror 洛埃镜load 负荷lodestone 磁石logic gate 逻辑门logic level 逻辑电平，逻辑级logic level indicator 逻辑电平指示器，逻辑级指示器logic value 逻辑值long sight 远视long wave 长波longitudinal magnification 纵向放大，纵向放大率longitudinal wave 纵波loop 回路，圈Lorentz force 洛兰兹力Lorentz rotating disc 洛兰兹旋转盘loudness 响度loudspeaker 扬声器low frequency a.c. generator 低频交流发电机low voltage 低电压low voltage immersion heater 低压浸没式电热器lower limit 下限lycopodium powder 石松粉Lyman series 赖曼系，赖曼光谱MMach number 马赫数machine 机械macroscopic 宏观的magnadur magnet 玛格纳多尔磁铁magnet 磁铁，磁体magnet keeper 永久磁铁衔铁magnetic domain 磁畴，磁域magnetic effect 磁效应magnetic field 磁场magnetic field board 磁场板magnetic field intensity 磁场强度magnetic field strength 磁场强度magnetic flux 磁通量magnetic flux density 磁通量密度magnetic flux linkage 磁链，磁键，磁通匝数magnetic force 磁力magnetic hysteresis 磁滞magnetic induction 磁感应强度，磁感应magnetic line of force 磁力线??magnetic material 磁性材料magnetic meridian 磁子午线??magnetic moment 磁矩magnetic north pole 磁北极magnetic permeability 磁导率magnetic pole 磁极magnetic screen 磁屏magnetic shield 磁屏magnetic south pole 磁南极magnetic susceptibility 磁化率magnetic tape 磁带magnetic tape recorder 磁带录音机magnetic torque 磁矩magnetic track 磁迹magnetism 磁学，磁性magnetization 起磁，磁化作用magnetize 磁化magnetizing current 磁化电流magnification 放大，放大率magnified 放大的magnifying glass 放大镜magnifying power 放大率magnitude 量，量值mains frequency 市电频率mains immersion heater 市电浸没式热器mains supply 市电电源majority carriers 多数载流子malleable 展性的，韧性的Maltese cross tube 马尔塔十字管manometer 流体压强计mass 质量mass defect 质量亏损mass number 质量数mass spectrometer 质谱仪mass-energy relation 质能关系matter wave 物质波maximum error 最大误差mean free path 平均自由程measurement 测量mechanical advantage 机械利益mechanical efficiency 机械效率mechanical energy 机械能mechanical oscillation 机械振荡mechanical wave 机械波mechanism 机制，机理medium 介质medium wave 中波Melde's experiment 迈尔德实验melt 熔化melting point 熔点meniscus 弯液面，弯月面meniscus lens 凹凸透镜，弯月形透镜mercury 汞，水银metal fatigue 金属疲劳fetal grid 金属珊metallic bond 金属键metastable 亚稳态的，介稳态的method of dimensions 维量法，因次法method of no-parallax 无视差法metre 米metre bridge 滑线电桥，米尺电桥metre rule 米尺mica 云母mica capacitor 云母电容器microammeter 微安培计，微安计microelectronics 微电子学micrometer 测微计micrometer screw gauge 螺旋测微计microphone 微音器，传声器microscope 显微镜microscopic 微观的microwave 微波microwave apparatus 微波仪器microwave receiver 微波接收器microwave transmitter 微波发送器milliammeter 毫安计，毫安计Millikan experiment 密立根实验millimetre 毫米minimum deviation 最小偏向minority carrier 少数载流子minute 分，分钟mirage 海市蜃楼，蜃景mirror 镜mirror formula 球面镜公式mobility 动性，迁移率mode 模式model eye 眼球模型model power line 输电线模型moderator 减速剂，缓和剂modulation 调制，调节module 组件modulus of elasticity 弹性模量modulus of rigidity 刚性模量molar gas constant 摩尔气体常数，摩尔气体常量molar heat capacity 摩尔热容量molar volume 摩尔体积mole 摩尔molecular bombardment 分子撞击molecular force 分子力molecular motion 分子运动molecular polarization 分子极化molecular separation 分子间距molecular structure 分子结构molecule 分子moment 矩moment arm 矩臂，力臂moment of couple 力偶矩moment of dipole 偶极矩moment of force 力矩moment of inertia 转动惯量moment of momentum 动量矩momentum 动量monatomic molecule 单原子分子monochromatic light 单色光motion 运动motor 电动机motor rule 电动机法则movable pulley 动滑轮moving-coil galvanometer 动圈式电流计，动圈式检流计moving-coil loudspeaker 动圈式扬声器moving-coil meter 动圈式电表multiflash photography 多闪照相法multimeter 万用电表，多用电表multiple image 复像multiple reflection 多次反射multiplication process 倍增过程multiplier 倍加器multivibrator 多谐振荡器musical instrument 乐器mutation 突变multiple-slit interference 多缝干涉mutual inductance 互感mutual induction 互感应mutually perpendicular 互相垂直的Nn-type semiconductor n型半导体NAND gate 「与非」门，「非与」门naphthalene ???natural frequency 固有频率，自然频率nature 本质near point 近点necking 颈缩negater 反相器，倒换器negative charge 负电荷negative feedback 负反馈negative ion 负离子negative supply rail 负供电轨negative terminal 负端钮，负接线柱net force 净力network 网络，网络neutral 中性，中线??neutral equilibrium 中性平衡，随遇平衡neutral point 中和点neutrino 中微子neutron 中子neutron number 中子数newton 牛顿Newton's first law of motion 牛顿运动第一定律Newton's law of gravitation 牛顿万有引力定律Newton's ring 牛顿环Newton's second law of motion 牛顿运动第二定律Newton's third law of motion 牛顿运动第三定律Newtonian fluid 牛顿流体Newtonian mechanics 牛顿力学nichrome wire 镍铬线，镍铬合金线??Nicol prism 尼科尔棱镜nitrogen 氮no-parallax 无视差nodal line 节线??node 节点，波节noise 噪音noise level 噪音级noise pollution 噪音污染non-conservative force 非守恒力，非保守力non-inertial frame 非惯性坐标系，非惯性系non-inverting input 非反相输入non-Newtonian fluid 非牛顿流体non-ohmic conductor 非奥姆导体non-ohmic resistor 非奥姆电阻器NOR gate 「或非」门，「非或」门normal 法线??normal incidence 正入射normal reaction 法向反作用力normal stress 法向应力north pole 北极NOT gate 「非」门note 音，乐音，律音nozzle 喷嘴nuclear 原子核的nuclear energy 核能nuclear energy level 核能级nuclear fission 核裂变nuclear force 核力nuclear fusion 核聚变nuclear pile 核反应堆nuclear radiation 核辐射nuclear reaction 核反应nuclear rector 核反应堆nuclear waste 核废料nuclear weapon 核武器nucleon 核子nucleon number 核子数，质量数nucleus 原子核nuclide 核素Oobject 物，物体object distance 物距objective 接物镜，物镜。
(完整版)物理名词(中英文对照)
Ⅰ、测量(measurement)物理学physics误差error游码rider测量measure (vt.)实验experiment温度temperature长度length实验室laboratory摄氏度degree centigrade单位unit面积area温度计thermometer千米kilometer平方米square meter体温计clinical thermometer米meter体积volume时间time分米decimeter立方米cubic meter小时hour厘米centimeter升Liter分钟minute毫米millimeter毫升Milliliter秒second微米micron质量mass毫秒millisecond纳米nanometer吨ton停表stop watch测量工具measuring tool千克kilogram力force刻度尺meter ruler克gram牛顿Newton最小刻度division value毫克milligram测力计dynamometer零刻度线zero graduation line天平balance弹簧秤spring balance测量范围measuring range砝码weightsⅡ、运动（simple motion）相对运动relative motion方向direction路程path静止rest直线运动rectilinear motion速度velocity参照物reference曲线运动curvilinear motion变速直线运动variable rectilinear motion 位置position匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion 平均速度average velocityⅢ、热（heat）分子molecules熔化melting液化liquefaction分子运动molecular motion熔点melting point升华sublimation扩散diffusion凝固solidification凝华condensation排斥力repulsive force凝固点solidifying point冰箱refrigerator吸引力attractive force晶体crystal热传递heat transfer物质substance非晶体noncrystal热传导heat conduction物体object吸收absorb(v.)热对流heat convection状态state放出release(v.)热辐射heat radiation固体solid汽化vaporization热量heat液体liquid蒸发evaporation比热（容）specific heat（capacity）气体gas沸腾boiling物态变化state transformation沸点boiling pointⅠⅠ、光（light）光源light source入射角incident angle焦距focal length光的直线传播rectilinear propagationof light 反射角reflection angle会聚converge(v.)小孔成像image byping hole镜面反射mirror reflection发散diverge(v.)日食solar eclipse漫反射diffuse reflection光屏（屏幕）screen月食lunar eclipse平面镜plane mirror照相机camera光速velocity of light潜望镜periscope幻灯机slide projector真空vacuum蜡烛candle电影放映机film projector空气air光的折射refractionof light放大镜magnifier玻璃glass折射光线refracted ray倒立的inverted水water折射角refraction angle正立的erected均匀介质well-distributed medium透镜lens缩小的reduced光的反射reflectionof light凸透镜convex lens放大的amplified反射定律reflection law凹透镜concave lens实像real image入射光线incident ray（主）光轴principal optical axis虚像virtual image反射光线reflected ray光心optical centerof lens海市蜃楼mirage法线normal焦点focus光的色散dispersion of lightⅤ、磁（magnetism）磁体agnet小磁针magneticneedle磁场magnetic field天然磁体natural magnet磁极magnetic pole地磁场geomagnetic field人造磁体man-made magnet南极north pole电流的磁场magnetic field of electric current 条形磁铁bar magnet北极South pole磁感线magnetic induction line蹄形磁铁horseshoe magnet磁化magnetization电磁铁electromagnet三、声音（sound）振动vibrate声波wave of sound振幅amplitude介质medium音调pitch噪音noise传播travel响度loudness乐音voice声速velocity of sound音色musical quality分贝decibel（dB）回声echo频率frequency四、力（force）重力ravity惯性inertia动力motive force重心center of gravity平衡equilibrium阻力resistance摩擦力friction force压强pressure动力臂power arm滑动摩擦sliding friction帕斯卡ascal(Pa)阻力臂resisting arm滚动摩擦rolling friction液体压强hydraulicpressure作用线action-line静摩擦static friction大气压强atmosphericof pressure滑轮pulley压力pressure force标准大气压standardatmospherepressure 定滑轮fixed pulley浮力buoyancy force气压计barometer动滑轮movable pulley力的图示force diagram托里拆利Torricelli滑轮组pulley block力的大小magnitude of force阿基米德原理Archimedes principle功work力的方向direction of force密度density功率power力的作用点acting point of force 潜水艇submarine机械效率mechanical efficiency合力resultant force热气球fire balloon有用功useful work分力omponent force飞艇airship额外功extra wok力的合成composition of forces简单机械simple mechanics总功total work形变deformation杠杆lever斜面inclined plane牛顿第一定律Newton’s First Law 支点pivot五、电（electricity）电荷electric charge正极positive plate电压voltage带电体charged body负极negative plate伏特Volt摩擦起电electrificationby friction 电路electric circuit伏特计voltmeter正电荷positive charge通路closed circuit电阻resistance负电荷negative charge开路open circuit欧姆Ohm导体conductor短路short circuit变阻器rheostat绝缘体insulator电路图ircuit map滑动变阻器slide wire rheostat半导体semiconductor串联series connection欧姆定律Oh m’s law电源power source并联parallel connection电功electric work导线wire电量electric quantity电功率electric power 电键key(switch)电流electric current 额定电压rated voltage 干电池dry cell安培Ampere额定电功率rated power 蓄电池torage plate安培计ammeter。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
常用物理单词的中英文
对照表
-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
常用物理单词的中英文对照表
Ⅰ、测量(measurement)
物理学 physics
测量 measure (vt.)
测量工具 measuring tool
测量范围 measuring range
最小刻度 division value 实验 experiment
实验室 laboratory
误差 error
刻度尺 meter ruler
零刻度线 zero graduation line
长度 length
单位 unit
面积 area
千米 kilometer
米 meter
平方米 square meter 立方米 cubic meter
分米 decimeter
厘米 centimeter
毫米 millimeter
微米 micron
纳米 nanometer
时间 time
小时 hour
分钟 minute
秒 second
毫秒 millisecond
体积 volume
升 Liter
毫升 Milliliter
天平 balance
砝码 weights
游码 rider
质量 mass
吨 ton 千克 kilogram
克 gram
毫克 milligram
停表 stop watch
力 force
牛顿 Newton
测力计 dynamometer
弹簧秤 spring balance
Ⅱ、运动（simple
motion）
相对运动 relative
motion
方向 direction
位置 position
路程 path
静止 rest
参照物 reference
2
速度 velocity
平均速度 average velocity
直线运动 rectilinear motion
曲线运动 curvilinear motion
变速直线运动 variable rectilinear motion
匀速直线运动 uniform rectilinear motion
Ⅱ、热（heat）
温度 temperature
温度计 thermometer
摄氏度 degree centigrade
体温计 clinical thermometer
分子 molecules
分子运动 molecular motion
物质 substance 物体 object
状态 state
固体 solid
液体 liquid
气体 gas
物态变化 state
transformation
晶体 crystal
非晶体 noncrystal
熔化 melting
凝固 solidification
熔点 melting point
凝固点 solidifying point
汽化 vaporization
蒸发 evaporation
沸腾 boiling
沸点 boiling point
液化 liquefaction
升华 sublimation
凝华 condensation
扩散 diffusion
吸引力 attractive force
排斥力 repulsive force
冰箱 refrigerator
热传递 heat transfer
热传导 heat conduction
热对流 heat convection
热辐射 heat radiation
吸收 absorb(v.)
放出 release(v.)
热量 heat
比热（容） specific heat
（capacity）
Ⅳ、光（light）
光源 light source
光的直线传播
rectilinear propagation
of light
均匀介质 well-
distributed medium
3
光速 velocity of light
小孔成像
image byping hole
日食 solar eclipse
月食 lunar eclipse
光的色散 dispersion of light
平面镜 plane mirror
光的反射 reflectionof light
反射定律 reflection law 入射光线 incident ray
反射光线 reflected ray 法线 normal
镜面反射 mirror reflection
漫反射 diffuse reflection 入射角 incident angle
反射角 reflection angle 海市蜃楼 mirage 光的折射 refractionof
light
折射光线 refracted ray
折射角 refraction angle
光屏（屏幕） screen
照相机 camera
潜望镜 periscope
幻灯机 slide projector
电影放映机 film
projector
空气 air
真空 vacuum
蜡烛 candle
透镜 lens
凸透镜 convex lens
凹透镜 concave lens
会聚 converge(v.)
发散 diverge(v.)
焦距 focal length
焦点 focus
实像 real image
虚像 virtual image
（主）光轴 principal
optical axis
光心 optical centerof
lens
放大的 amplified
缩小的 reduced
正立的 erected
倒立的 inverted
放大镜 magnifier
玻璃 glass
水 water
Ⅴ、磁（magnetism）
磁体 magnet
小磁针 magneticneedle
磁场 magnetic field
天然磁体 natural
magnet
4
磁极 magnetic pole
地磁场 geomagnetic field
人造磁体 man-made magnet
南极 north pole
北极 South pole
电流的磁场 magnetic field of electric current
条形磁铁 bar magnet
磁感线 magnetic induction line
蹄形磁铁 horseshoe magnet
磁化 magnetization
电磁铁 electromagnet Ⅵ、声音（sound）
振动 vibrate
声波 wave of sound 振幅 amplitude
介质 medium
音调 pitch
噪音 noise
传播 travel
响度 loudness
乐音 voice
声速 velocity of sound
音色 musical quality
分贝 decibel（dB）
回声 echo
频率 frequency
Ⅶ、力（force）
重力 gravity
惯性 inertia
动力 motive force
重心 center of gravity
平衡 equilibrium
阻力 resistance
摩擦力 friction force
压强 pressure
动力臂 power arm
滑动摩擦 sliding friction
帕斯卡 Pascal(Pa)
阻力臂 resisting arm
滚动摩擦 rolling friction
液体压强
hydraulicpressure
作用线 action-line
静摩擦 static friction
大气压强 atmosphericof
pressure
滑轮 pulley
压力 pressure force
标准大气压
standardatmospherepres
sure
定滑轮 fixed pulley
浮力 buoyancy force
5。