英国文学思潮与文学流派

Active Romanticts
特点：held out an ideal, though a vague one, of a future society 代表人物：Byron, Shelley and Keats.

4.Romantic Prose and Novel

Romantic prose Lamb, Hazlitt, De Quincey and Hunt. Novel----Waltictoria
(1837-1901)
time: Critical realism is one of the literary genres that flourished mainly in the 19th century. English criticism flourished in the 1840s and early 1850s, declined in the 1850s and 1860s
“flux of conscious and subconscious
thoughts and impressions moving in the mind at any given time independently of the person’s will.


tried to apply the “laws” of scientific determinism to fiction. reflect a deterministic universe
a person is a biological creature controlled by environment and heredity.
ideas: criticize the corrupting influence of
the rule of cash upon human nature.
The English critical realists not only gave a satirical portrayal of the bourgeoisie and all the ruling classes, they also show great sympathy to the lower classes, to stress on their goodness, honesty.
an escape from the prosaic, sordid daily life
symbolic pictures
2. stress the spiritual and emotional life
Nature plays an important role The passions of man

Robert Louis Stevenson (1850-1894)
"Treasure Island"
Time prevail in Europe at the middle of the 19th century. Idea "art for art's sake"
The New Century: Social and Historical Background
Major writers include
Crane. Dreiser, Norris, and O’Neill in America ; Zola in France; Hardy and Gissing in England.

.
the invention of exciting adventures , fascinating stories
The Mid and Late 19th Century
Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-1895):
controversy between science and religion
Dramatic Monologue

Browning's Main Achievement in Poetry: a dramatic story in his work is not told through action but by the monologues of the characters


3. Poetry, of course, is the best medium.
Passive romanticits : 特点：turning to nature for protection. 代表人物：“Lake Poets”:Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey
(modern psychological fiction)
put emphasis on the description of the characters' psychological activities,

wrence
Stream of Consciousness

a psychological term
writing techniques:
satire, humor
limitation or weakness:
didn’t find a way to social problems; advocate reform not revolution
representatives:
Dickens Thackeray
文学思潮 与 文学流派
时间：1798-1832
历史背景（Background）
A. the Industrial Revolution B the French Revolution：（liberty, equality and fraternity）

1 a dissatisfaction with the bourgeois society
1.After the Chartist Movement British capitalism witnessed a period of rapid growth.


2. the outbreak of World War I (1914-1918)

3. In 1917, the October Revolution broke out in Russia and the U.S.S.R. emerged.

Bases irrational philosophy the theory of psychoanalysis
Imagism
an
Anglo-American poetic movement flourishing in the 1910s. American poet, Ezra Pound (18851972)
the
"the greatest poet of our age --certainly the greatest in this (i.e. English) language".

William Butler Yeats (1865-1939)
The Psychological Fiction

4. India, Egypt, Ireland a demanded independence. -------the decline of the British Empire.

5. In 1929-1931, an economic crisis

6. The Second World War broke out in 1939