Unit 15 Learning (I)

9．approach
（1）接近，靠近
e.g.He cautiously approached the house.
他小心地走近那房子。
approach one's home 快到家
（2）近乎，即将达到
e.g.Few writers can ever approach Shakespeare in greatness.
（2）vi. 受惊(+at)
e.g.My horse scares easily.
我的这匹马容易受惊。
（3）n. 惊恐；惊吓
e.g.You did give me a scare.
你可真把我吓了一跳。
（4）adj. 很少的
e.g.Real old houses are scare.
7．lay off 解雇，停止工作，休息，划出
y off my books.
别动我的书。
Lay your hands off!
请勿手摸。
The company laid off 100 workers last week.
公司上周解雇了一百名工人。
Just lay off me, will you?
e.g.The singer is gaining in popularity.
这歌手越来越受到人们的欢迎。
（8）获得；增加；获利[U][C] (n.)
e.g.No pains, no gains.
不辛苦，无收获。
The baby had a gain of half a pound.
略加惩处对他们将大有好处。
（4）训练，训导(vt.)
e.g.He disciplined the new soldiers.
他训练新兵。
（5）惩戒(vt.)
e.g.The boss is not going to discipline anybody.
老板不会惩罚任何人。
他们纪律严明。
labo(u)r discipline 劳动纪律
（2）训练，修养[U]
e.g.It takes years of discipline to become a pianist.
要成为钢琴家需经多年训练。
（3）惩戒，惩罚[U]
e.g.A little discipline would do them a lot of good.
e.g.He has a trick of repeating himself.
他有重复自己话的习惯。
（4）窍门，招数，手法
e.g.Daily practice is the trick in learning a foreign language.
每天练习是学会一门外语的诀窍。
（5）戏法，把戏；特技，妙计
e.g.No one understood how I did the card trick.
谁也没有看出来我是怎样玩纸牌戏法的。
trick vt.
（1）哄骗
e.g.They tricked me into making a mistake.
他们骗我犯错。
（4）装出，假装
e.g.He assumed a look of surprise.
他装出吃惊的神色。
6．scare
（1）vt. 惊吓，使恐慌；吓唬，吓跑(away, off)；
把……吓出来；把……吓出隐蔽处(out, up)
e.g.They are scared that the ship might be wrecked.
真正的老房子很少。
习惯用语：be scared to death 吓得要死
be scared of 害怕
throw a scare into sb．[美]使……吓一大跳，吓坏……
scare away/off 把……吓跑
scare into [out of] doing 吓得做[不敢做]某事
3．gain
（1）得到；获得，赢得(战争、诉讼等)（vt.）
e.g.He who gains time gains everything.
赢得时间，赢得一切。
Our army gained the battle.
我们的军队赢得了那场战役。
（2）使得到（vt.）
e.g.He had gained himself a reputation for unfairness.
请不要老缠着我，好吗？
Lay off an area for a garden.
划出一块区域作为花园。
Lay off! You're messing up my hair!
走开，你把我的头发都弄乱了!
8．discipline n.
（1）纪律，风纪；教养[U]
e.g.They have good discipline.
e.g.get nothing in reward for one's hard work
辛苦工作而无任何报酬
receive a title as a reward for one's services to the nation
因对国家有贡献而获得光荣称号
(2) give sb. a reward of ￥100 给某人一百元的报酬
（2）装饰，打扮[(+out/up/off)]
e.g.She tricked herself up for the banquet.
她打扮整齐去赴宴会。
2．bits of
e.g.The bits of paper blew out.
纸屑被风吹了出去。
mop up the last few bits of work 完成最后的几件工作
（5）(钟、表等)快（vt.）
e.g.My watch gains five minutes a day.
我的表一天快五分钟。
（6）获利，赚钱；得益 (vi.)
e.g.We all gained from/by the experience.
我们都从这次经验中获益。
（7）取得进展；得到改善；增进健康(vi.)
玛丽找你商量过有关借钱给她的事吗?
（4）着手处理，开始对付
e.g.He approached the question as a scientist.
他从科学家的角度来处理这一问题。
He approached the new job with enthusiasm.
他满怀热情地去干新的工作。
（5）接近，靠近；即将达到[U][(+of)] （n.）
e.g.Snow announced the approach of winter.
雪宣告了冬季的来临。
the approach of summer 夏天将至
（6）通道,入口[C][(+to)] （n.）
e.g.an approach to the school
很少有作家比得上莎士比亚伟大。
（3）找……商量(或联系)
e.g.Have you approached the manager about taking a day off next week?
你是否同经理谈过下周请一天假的事?
Did Mary approach you about lending her some money?
（7）方法,方式;态度[C] （n.）
e.g.I like her approach to the problem.
我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。
习惯用语：at the approach of 在……快到的时候
be approaching (to)与……差不多，大致相等
5．assume
vt.
（1）以为；假定为；(想当然地)认为
e.g.I assumed that he had gone for a stroll.
我想他去散步了。
assume this to be true 假定这是真的
I assume you always get up at the same time.
我想你总是在同一个时间起床。
He's not such a fool as you assumed him to be.
他并非你所以为的那样愚蠢。
（2）承担；就任；取得
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
e.g.The prince assumed power when he was only fifteen.
be difficult of approach (指地方)难到达的；(指人)难于接近的
make an approach to 对……进行探讨
make approaches to sb.设法接近某人，想博得某人的好感
approach sb. on sth. 向某人接洽[商量、交涉]
王子在十五岁时就掌权了。
assume office 就职
assume a leading position 担任领导职务
assume responsibility 承担责任
（3）呈现；采取；采用
e.g.The motion of matter always assumes certain forms.
一、重难点单词讲解
1．trick n.
（1）诡计；骗局；谋略；花招
e.g.He got into the castle by a trick.