Chockfast-主机-齿轮箱-中间轴承要点
主机减速齿轮箱 GW系统列使用说明书 C (1)
SERVICE MANUALGWGW265000.2817kw/r/minGW15GW PrefaceGW series marine gearboxes are designed and manufactured according to the license from LOHMANN & STOLTERFOHT, Germany GW series marine gears have minimum space requirements. In case of reduction ratio from 2 to 6 and input speed ranging from 500 to 1800r/min, the torque transmission capacity shall be 0.28 to 17kw/r/min, however the exact torque depends on the center distance and reduction ratio.GW series gears have eight different models four reverse reduction gears two reduction gears without reversing function one reverse double-reduction gears and one double-reduction gears without reversing function, each can be divided into fifteen sizes according to center distance or classified as coaxial and offset type as per relative arrangement of input and out-put shafts. For reasons of low-cost manufactureand less spare parts, GW series gears adoptmodular design, which can form differingvariant products with the same modules tomeet various Classification Societies.SERVICE MANUAL1()2345678910111213Content 1.Technical data (as per specific type)2.Description of gearbox 3.Installation and operating instructions 4.Intermediate storage, transportation and foundation 5.Gearbox alignment 6.Gearbox mounting 7. Remote control systems for gearbox 8.Initial & emergency operation 9.Lubrication requirements 10.Maintenance 11.Special notes 12.Trouble shooting 13.Standard accessoriesSERVICE MANUAL1./Technical Data1.General dataEngine manufacturerEngine typeOutput power of engine P= kw()Input speed of gearbox n= r/min(/)l ()Direction of rotation of engine (facing the flywheel:)Classification Society/Shipyard:Hull No2.Gearbox dataProduct NoType and size GWGear ratio i=3Cooling water flow rate V= m h ()Cooling water inlet temperature t 32Weight G= kg()Lubrication oil capacity L= L()Lub oil group CD30,CD401.List of Technical Data (double-reduction gearbox) i1 low speed =i2 high speed =i3 reverse speed ={SERVICE MANUAL Gear Components1 23 4 5 67 8 9 1011 12 13 142Description of gearbox1.Input shaft2.Helical gear3.Helical gear4.Intermedaite shaft5.Multiple-plate clutch6.Hollow pinion shaft7.Helical gear8.Ouput shaft9.utput flange10.Helical gear11.Helical gear12.Intermediate shaft13.Multipce-plate clutch14.Hollow pinion shaftOInput stageReduction stageReversing stage26 23 22 28 21 6 20 10 5 31942118171213112524141615972729GWC(fold out section for GWC series gearbox )SERVICE MANUAL1516. *1723.24. **25. **26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.*49545259**49545259Gear components2Description of Gearbox 15,16: rolling bearing*17 ~ 23: rolling bearing 24 Thrust bearing**25 Thrust bearing**26 Gear set for driving gear pump 27 Gear pump 28 Gear controller (pneumatic)29 Gear housing 30.Helical gear 31.Helical gear 32.Multiple-plate clutch 33.Intermediate shaft 34.Hollow pinion shaft *)for gear sizes up to 49.54. for gear size larger than 52.59, plain bearings are used.**)for gear sizes up to 49.54.for gear sizes larger than52.59, Michel-type thrust bearings are used GWM (fold out section for GWM series gearbox )41921182017123 13 25 24 14 16 15 9 7 Driving stage2Description of Gearbox2Description of Gearbox2Description of Gearbox2Description of gearbox3.Installation and operating instructionsThe gearbox is delivered without oil.The gearbox is protected internally with preservative oil, effective against corrosion for a period of six months when the gearbox is stored in a dry area at an even temperature.The gearbox is painted externally. Flanges and shaft ends have a preservation paint.The connections for the air pipes, oil tubes and water pipes to be assembled at the site are sealed by means of flange or plugs.Pipelines, pipe connections etc. to the gearbox which have to be installed after having left our works, must be carefully pickled and cleaned before they are mounted. The direction of rotation is shown by an arrow.The adjustable parts of the gearbox (such as pressure control valves, variable nozzles etc.) are set before they are delivered. According to particular circumstances on board further adjustments may be necessary.Our liability is invalid when the gearbox is opened without our authorization.4.Intermedi a te storage, transportati o n and foundati o nIntermediate storageIf the gearbox is stored outside it must be protected from the atmospheric conditions by a protective cover or canopy.TransportationThe gearbox is suitably suspended on cables for transportation. Therefore, all cables taking the gearbox weight should be clear of the fittings. Slowly lift the gearbox and place in position. The lifting lugs on the upper part of the housing serve only to remove the upper section. T o lift the complete gearbox the transportation lugs are to be used.For safety, cables are to be used with shackles.FoundationIn order to facilitate the changing of oil and washing-out of the gearbox the foundation has been constructed so that there is sufficient space for the installation of an oil-collector below the drain plug.4.Intermedi a te storage, transportati o n and foundati o nThe aligning screws are to be inserted Installation in the engine roominto the tapped holes in the mounting feet.Via the aligning screws the gearbox restson the to plates.=5Maximum permissiblepermanent installationangle fore and aft =5Aligning screw4.Intermedi a te storage, transportati o n and foundati o n205 Alignment of the gearboxThe propulsion unit shall only be aligned when the vessel is afloat and it is definitely ensured it is not in contact with the ground. At first, the gearbox is placed in position in order to roughly align the unit. Now the holes for the fastening bolts shall be drilled through the holes in the mounting brackets.Alignment of the propeller shaftThe completely assembled propeller shaft shows s deflection between the supporting bearing and the flange due to shaft gravity. The extent of the deflection in relation to the shaft overhang and diameter can be seen in the diagram. This deflection is to be compensated.The distance between the bearing and flange1.51.00.5(m m )(mm)Overhanging length of shaft10002000100mm 0.01mmAligning the gearbox begins with eliminating the angular displacement.The illustration shows how this is to be done with the help of feeler gauges. It is important for this measurement that the shafts be turned in one direction only. The accuracy of axial parallelism should be no more than 0.01mm for 100mm of flange diameter.The above illustration shows how the deflection is eliminated for gearbox alignment. A roller block is placed underneath the end flange of the propeller shaft and raised by the amount of deflection ascertained. There are, however, cases where the free end of the propeller shaft due to additional loads is bent more than is required by natural deflection. In this case an additional dial gauge can be installed near the bearing which indicates the amount of lift required at the shaft end to ensure that the shaft in the bearing is evenly raised. The reading thus taken at the shaft flange dial gauge is twice the value of the actual deflection. Raising the roller block by half of this value corrects exactly the position of the propeller shaft flange.5 Alignment of the gearbox0.05mmIn the illustration it shows the procedure to be followed. Here direction only. A dial gauge can as well be mounted in a suitable manner on the propeller shaft flange to ensure correct and true measurements. Propeller shaft flange and gearbox flange are turned simultaneously so 5 Alignment of the gearbox5 Alignment of the gearbox6.Gearbox Mounting6.Gearbox MountingStop wedgesStopperGearbox footChockGearbox foundationStop wedges after beingsecured by screws or by weldingWeldedStopper faces on gearboxPneumatic gearbox controllerGearbox controllerGearbox housing7. Remote control systems for gearboxGW 1GWM21113A dependable remote control is of great importance for a ships driving system.GW series gearboxes are supplied, as standard, with one pneumatic gearbox switch. However, GWM gearboxes are normally equipped with two sets of pneumatic gearbox switches, one for switching over between ahead-stop-astern and another for switching between high and low speeds. Electrical gearbox controllers are also available.Pneumatically operated controller is provided with a return to the stop position through main air. Manual emergency operation is provided when cut off the air.Further details of the gearbox controllers paragraph also see in paragraph 13 of this manual.7. Remote control systems for gearbox(GWM)()16022.12.22.3(2-3)34 1.05Requirements of the control system (notsuitable for GWM)Even though the tuning of motorgovernor gearbox coupling and ifsupplied shaft brake is difficult it isnecessary to perform the following steps tocheck the system:T h e s w i t c h i n g s e q u e n c e f o r a l lswitching systems should conform to thefollowing specifications.Bridge controlController positions:Full Ahead onto AsternOrFull Astern onto AheadOrFull Ahead onto Full AsternOrFull Astern onto Full AheadSequence1 Control unit onto low speedlet the propeller shaft speed drop to60% of the rated speed or below2 Coupling in zero position2.1 Propeller shaft brake engages2.2 Propeller shaft brake stops2.3 Propeller shaft brake disengages(In case without brake the controller shouldbe retained at zero position for approx.2-3 sec.)3.Engage coupling4.Retain switch position for approx.1.0 sec.5.Increase speed.The control system must be carefullymaintained. Any faults must be immediatelyrepaired. The control units must be handledvery carefully.(GWM)()(i1i2)(i1i2)1602()2.12.22.33()2 3)4 1.05Requirements of the control system ( for GWM model only)Even though the tuning of motor governor gearbox coupling and if supplied shaft brake is difficult it is necessary to perform the following steps to check the system:The switching sequence for all switching system should conform to the following specifications.Bridge controlController positions:Full Ahead (i1 or i2) onto AsternorFull Ahead (i1 or i2) onto Full Astern Sequence1.Control unit onto low speedLet the propeller shaft speed drop toa minimum of 60% of the rated speed2.Coupling in zero position(Put both controllers in neutral position)2.1Propeller shaft brake engages2.2Propeller shaft stops2.3Propeller shaft brake disengages3.Engage coupling(Put the ahead-astern controller in the astern position and the high-low speed controller is kept in the neutral position)(In case without brake the controller should be retained at zero position for approx.2-3 sec.)4.Retain switch position for approx.1.0sec.5.Increase speed7. Remote control systems for gearbox(i1i2)(i1i2)160%2() 2.12.22.3(23s)3(i1i2)4 1.05Bridge controlController positionFull Astern onto Ahead (i1 or i2)orFull Astern onto Full Ahead (i1 or i2)Sequence1.Control unit onto low speedlet the propeller shaft speed drop toa minimum of 60% of the rated speed2.Clutch in zero position(Put both controllers in the neutral position)2.1 Propeller shaft brake engages2.2 Propeller shaft stops2.3 Open propeller shaft brake2.4 Put the ahead-astern controller in the ahead position(In case without brake the controller should be retained at zero position for approx.2-3sec.)3.Engage clutch(Put the high-low speed controller in the i1 or i2 position)4.Retain switch position for approx.1.0 sec.5.Increase speed7. Remote control systems for gearboxi1i2i2i1(i1)(i2)(i2)(i1)160%23i1i21 4 1.05!Bridge controlController positionFull Ahead (i1) onto Ahead (i2)orFull Ahead (i2) onto Ahead (i1)orFull Ahead (i1) onto Full Ahead (i2)orFull Ahead (i2) onto Full ahead (i1) Sequence1.Control unit onto low speedlet the propeller shaft speed drop toa minimum of 60% of the rated speed2.Clutch in zero position(Put the high-low speed controller at the neutral position and ahead-astern controller is kept in the ahead position)(Don t use brake if propeller with brake.)3.Engage clutch(Put the high-low speed controller for approx.1 sec. in position il or i2)4.Retain switch position for approx.1.0 sec.5.Increaee speedThe control system must be carefully maintained. Any faults must be immediately repaired. The control units must be handled very carefully.7. Remote control systems for gearbox60%GWM124613141516217 (10kp cm)192427Pneumatic remote controlWhen the gearbox is equipped with the standard controller, pneumatic remote controls can be used. The reversal speed, the clutch and the shaft brake are essential for a smooth operation over a long period.The illustrated single-level control system offers safe operation for the clutch engagement and engine speed adjustmentA control for the shaft brake can be connected if required. The system if wanted can be operated from numerous control positions. And the control time would not be altered.When planning the remote control system attention should be paid to:The switching speed by which the reversal follows should not amount to more than 60% of the motor rated speed. An agreement between the supplier and Chongqing Gearbox Co.,Ltd must be made for the requirements of the Crash-Stop manoeuvre design.Design example for pneumatic control of the ships drive (suitable for GWM gears only)Position Description1 Pressure reducing station2 Air reservoir4 Stopcock6 Control valve13 Pressure reducing valve14 Double non-return valve15 Double non-return valve for oil16 Non-return valve217 3-way valves 10kp/cm19 Adjustable 3-way valves.24 Multi-way valve hydraulic-pneumatic27Control unit7. Remote control systems for gearbox7. Remote control systems for gearboxAheadAsternGearboxEnginepneumatic remotoe control (only valid forGWM model)GWM Cabin Stationi1 i21315241416 1719AheadAsternAsternGearboxEngine16161414 1316194214212724161616151724i 1i 2GWMRemote Pneumatic lontrol (not suitable for GWM mode)Design example for pneumatic control of ship drives (for GWM model only)7. Remote control systems for gearbox(GWM)8.Initial operation, Emergency operation8.Initial operation, Emergency operation70101.2.3.4.,""""5.6.7.8.9.10The gearbox should be slowly run-in until an oil temperature of 70 is reached under a partial loading. Then all joints and connections of the oil pipelines and connecting faces should be checked for leakage and re-tighten if necessary. The cooling system must then be adjusted so that the operating temperature is kept constant within normal range under full load. After a total of 10 operating hours the foundation bolts must be checked and if required tighten again. All pipe connections must also be checked. The following table describes the sequence of operation in an abbreviated form.1.Check the oil and water supply systems according to oil circuit diagram2.Fill the gearbox with lubrication oil according to the enclosed lubrication oil specification table3.Turn the engine and propeller shaft when gearbox in "Stop" position.4.Start the motor, engage Ahead and Astern for a short period.5.Check the oil level.6.Operate under partial loading until the operating temperature is reached.7.Check the connections of the pipelines for leakage.8.Run at full loading and adjust the cooling water flow.9.After a total of 10 operating hours under full load re-tighten the connections of the pipelines and the foundation bolts.8.Initial operation, Emergency operation0.2-0.6MPa2.0MPa(3639 1.3MPa)1/30.04MPaThe control oil pressure has been set in the workshop. When the control valve keeps in "stop" position the average working oil pressure is 0.2-0.6MPa and increases to 2.0 MPa (1.3MPa for 36.39 model) when engaging.The lowest allowed lubrication oil pressure is 0.04MPa at the permissible working temperature and 1/3 rated speed.To raise the working oil pressure when the gearbox is switching is by means of a built-in two-stage switch. This stage-switch guarantees a smooth engagement and shock-free change of the drive installation and therefore protecting the complete drive system.The two-stage switch is described in a separate section. The filter must be checked at regular intervals and kept clean.Emergency operation of the gearboxIf for any reason the hydraulic switching of the gearbox is not possible, then there is always the possibility to block the clutch mechanically.Do as follows.8.Initial operation, Emergency operation8.Initial operation Emergency operation9.Lubrication Instructions9.Lubrication Instructions9.Lubrication Instructions9.Lubrication InstructionsPressure relationships in the clutch control pipeline during the gearbox controller engaging and disengaging phases.2.0MPaThe illustration shown is valid for gearbox of which the working oil pressure is 2.0MPa at rated speed.1.3MPaThe illustration shown is valid for gearbox of which the working oil pressure is 1.3MPa at rated speed.Add or thicken the washer of 2-stage valve can increase the final oil pressure.2.01.81.61.41.21.00.80.60.40.2ToIerance area1.21.00.80.60.40.200.20.5t ( )sect ( )secM p aM p a<0.2MPa250200012Daily: Check oil levelCheck the pressure differential before and after the filter (<0.2MPa)Check the gearbox for leakagesCheck the oil pressures and temperatures.Weekly: Clean the oil filterCheck the remote control operation systemCheck oil for cooling waterYearly: Check all exterior screw connectionsCheck the protection covering of the seawater cooler if usedOil change: Under normal service conditions, the first oil change must be after 250 working hours approximately.Further oil changes must be completed after approximately 2000 service hours, however, not longer than 12 months.Before filling with new oil in accordance with the enclosed lubricant specifications the gearbox must be cleaned with flushing oil.10.Gearbox maintenance11.Special Notes11.Special Notes() 1.2.Sealing Strips1.General InformationIt is absolutely necessary to observe that the colour marking on the side of the sealing strip lies on the bottom of the sealing strip groove. The total length of the fabric sealing strip has this colour marking. When the sealing strip is incorrectly inserted with the fabric side to the shaft can this fabric sealing strip be damaged. This sealing is inoperative. If there is no colour coding then the assembly is arbitary. To cut the sealing strip a good sharp knife is required. The cut must be at right-angle to the length.2.Measuring and FittingThe measurement of the sealing strip must be done with great care. Under no circumstances must there be a gap between two adjoining butts of the sealing strips. There must be a slight compression between the two butting ends so as to give a good seal.11.Special Notes3.4.()1.5-2mm 3.Runing-in conditionsThe sealing area of the sealing strip must be lubricated before the first run. It must be continuously lubricated to avoid the strip drying-up. When systems have an adjustable speed, the running-in of the sealing strip must always be at the lowest possible speed.4.Treatment of sealing stripsStore in a cool room. During storage the strips must not he exposed to a highly humid atmosphere nor must they come into contact with any kind of liquid.If the sealing strip is wound then the beginning of the winding must be located away from the shaft. The start of the winding can be determined by the frontal cut edge.With weaved sealing strips the assembly is arbitrary. Apply oil to the slide way of the sealing strip prior to installation. Press the sealing strip uniformly into the receiving groove using the handle of a hammer.After pressing in the sealing strip cut off the ends at the joint leaving 1.5-2mm margin.11.Special Notesrotation(sketch).11.Special Notes12.Trouble-Shooting12.Trouble-Shooting12.Trouble-Shooting12.Trouble-Shooting12.Trouble-Shooting12.Trouble-Shooting13.Standard Accessories 18.Lubrication pressure regulating valve。
齿轮箱定位 台阶轴
齿轮箱定位与台阶轴在机械工程中，齿轮箱是一种常用的传动装置，主要用于传递扭矩和转速。
齿轮箱是由多个齿轮组成的机械装置，通过齿轮的嵌合来实现转动的传输。
在齿轮箱中，定位是一个关键性的步骤，它确保了齿轮箱的正常工作和高效运行。
而台阶轴作为齿轮箱的一个组成部分，也起着重要的作用。
齿轮箱的定位主要包括两个方面的内容，即轴向定位和径向定位。
轴向定位是指齿轮轴的轴向位置确定，而径向定位则是指齿轮轴的径向位置确定。
在齿轮箱中，轴向定位主要通过轴承来实现。
轴承是一种用于支撑轴的机械元件，可以在齿轮的旋转中减少摩擦和磨损。
通过合理地选择和安装轴承，可以实现齿轮轴的准确定位。
一般来说，轴承的选型应根据负荷大小、转速要求等进行选择，以确保轴承在工作过程中具备足够的承载能力和稳定性。
同时，正确的安装轴承也非常重要，可以采用调整垫片、调整齐齿槽等方式来实现轴向定位。
径向定位是指齿轮轴在齿轮箱壳体内的径向位置确定。
与轴向定位类似，径向定位也是通过轴承来实现的。
合理地选择和安装轴承，可以控制齿轮轴的径向偏移量，确保齿轮和齿轮轴之间的配合尺寸。
此外，还可以采用定位销等方式来实现径向定位，通过固定齿轮轴的位置，使其不能产生径向移动。
台阶轴是齿轮箱中常用的一种小型齿轮轴，它具有多个不同直径的台阶。
台阶轴的设计可以有效地减小齿轮箱的尺寸和重量，提高整机的传动效率。
而在齿轮箱的定位中，台阶轴也起到重要的作用。
对于台阶轴的定位，可以采用轴套等方式来实现。
轴套是一种用于安装齿轮轴的套筒状零件，通过外径与齿轮箱壳体配合，内径与台阶轴配合，以实现台阶轴的准确定位。
在安装轴套时，应根据齿轮箱壳体上的设定孔进行安装，以确保台阶轴的定位位置正确。
总而言之，齿轮箱定位与台阶轴是齿轮箱传动系统中的重要环节。
通过合理地选择和安装轴承、轴套等零件，可以实现齿轮轴的准确定位，确保齿轮箱的正常工作和高效运行。
只有在定位准确的情况下，才能保证齿轮的正常嵌合和传递扭矩的稳定性，提高齿轮箱的工作效率和可靠性。
汽车类机械翻译词汇重点讲义资料
中间齿轮intermediate gear(counter gear)副轴齿轮counter shaft gear副轴counter shaft变速器输入轴transmission imput shaft变速器输出轴transmission output shaft变速器主动齿轮轴transmission drive gear shaft变速器主轴transmission main shaft变速器中间轴transmission countershaft变速器轴的刚度rigidity of shaft变速齿轮比（变速比）transmission gear ratio传动比gear ratio主压力line pressure调制压力modulated pressure真空调制压力vacuum modulator pressure速控压力governor pressure缓冲压力compensator or trimmer pressure限档压力hold presure前油泵front pump (input pump )液力传动装置充油压力hydrodynamic unit change pressure 后油泵gear pump (output pump )回油泵scavenge oil pump调压阀pressure -regulator vavle电磁阀调压阀solenoid regulator valve液力变矩器旁通阀converter bypass valve速控阀governor valve选档阀selectro valve换档阀shift valve信号阀signal valve继动阀relay valve换档指令发生器shift pattern generator档位指示器shift indicator(shift torwer)先导阀priority valve流量阀flow valve重迭阀overlap valve液力减速器控制阀retarder control valve液力起步fluid start零速起动stall start液力变矩器锁止converter lockup全液压自动换档系统hydraulic automatic control system电液式自动换档系统electronic -hydraulic automatiec换档shift升档upshift降档downshift动力换档power shfit单向离合器换档freewheel shfit人工换档manual shfit自动换档automaitc shfit抑制换档inhibited shift超限换档overrun shift强制换档forced shift换档点shift point叶片转位blade angle shift换档滞后shift hysteresis换档循环shift schedule换档规律process of power shift动力换档过程timing换档定时property of automatic shift换档品质property of automatic shft换档元件engaging element换档机构gearshift操纵杆control lever变速杆stick shift(gear shift lever)（副变速器）变速杆range selector变速叉shifting fork (gear shift fork)分动箱控制杆transfer gear shift fork变速踏板gear shift pedal变速轨（拨叉道轨）shift rail直接变速direct change(direct control)方向盘式变速column shift (handle change)按钮控制finger-tip control槽导变速gate change空档位置neutral position直接驱动direct drive高速档top gear(high gear)低速档bottom gear(low speed gear)第一档first gear第二档second gear超速档overdirve gear经济档economic gear倒档reverse gear爬行档creeper gear驱动特性drive performance反拖特性coast performance定输入扭矩特性constant input torque performance 全油门特性full throttle performance寄生损失特性no load (parasitic losses)performance 原始特性primary characteristic响应特性response characteristic吸收特性absorption characteristic全特性total external characteristic输入特性characteristic of enhance输出特性characteristic of exit力矩特性torque factor(coefficient of moment)过载系数overloading ratio变矩系数torque ratio能容系数capacity factorr几何相似geometry similarity运动相似kinematic similarity动力相似dynamic similarity透穿性transparency万向节和传动轴universal joint and drive shaft万向节universal joint非等速万向节nonconstant velocity universal joint 等速万向节constant velocity universal joint准等速万向节near constant velocity universal joint 自承式万向节self-supporting universal joint非自承式万各节non self suporting universal joint 回转直径swing diameter等速平面constant velocity plane万向节夹角true joint angle十字轴式万向节cardan (hookes)universal joint万向节叉yoke突缘叉flange york滑动叉slip yoke滑动节，伸缩节slip joint花键轴叉slip shaft yoke轴管叉（焊接叉）tube(weld yoke)十字轴cross(spider)十字轴总成cross assembly挠性元件总成flexible universal joint球销式万向节flexible member assembly双柱槽壳housing球环ball球头轴ball head球头钉button中心球和座centering ball and seat球笼式万向节rzeppa universal joint钟形壳outer race星型套inner race保持架cage可轴向移动的球笼式万向节plunging constant velocity joint筒形壳cylinder outer race柱形滚道星形套inner race withcylinder ball grooves 偏心保持架non-concentric cage滚动花键球笼式万向节ball spline rzeppa universal joint外壳outer housing内壳体inner housing球叉式万向节weiss universal joint球叉ball yoke定心钢球centering ball三球销万向节tripod universal joint三柱槽壳housing三销架spider双联万向节double cardan universal joint凸块式万向节tracta universal joint凸块叉fork yoke榫槽凸块tongue and groove couplijng凹槽凸块groove coupling传动轴drive shaft(propeller shaft)传动轴系drive line传动轴形式drive shaft type两万向节滑动的传动轴two -joint inboard slip ddiveshaft 两万向节外侧滑动传动轴two joint ouboard slip drive shaft 单万向节传动轴single joint coupling shaft组合式传动轴unitized drive shaft传动轴减振器drive shaft absorber传动轴中间轴承drive shaft center bearing传动轴管焊接合件weld drive shaft tube assembly 传动轴特征长度drive shaft length传动轴谐振噪声resonant noise of rive shaft传动轴的临界转速critical speed of drive shaft传动轴总成的平衡balance of drive shaft assembly 允许滑动量slip相位角phase angle传动轴安全圈drive shaft safety strap驱动桥drive axle(driving axle)类型type断开式驱动桥divided axle非独立悬架式驱动桥rigid dirve axle独立悬架式驱动桥independent suspension drive axle转向驱动桥steering drive axle贯通式驱动桥tandem axles“三速”贯通轴"three-speed" tandem axles单驱动桥single drive axle多桥驱动multiaxle drive减速器reducer主减速器final drive单级主减速器single reduction final drive双级主减速器double reduction final drive前置式双级主减速器front mounted double reduction final drive后置式双级主减速器rear mounted double reduction final drive上置式双级主减速器top mounted double reducton final drive行星齿轮式双级主减速器planetary double reduction final drive贯通式主减速器thru-drive双速主减速器two speed final drive行星齿轮式双速主减速器two speed planetary final drive双级双速主减速器two speed double reduction final drive轮边减速器wheel reductor(hub reductro)行星圆柱齿轮式轮边减速器planetary wheel reductor行星锥齿轮式轮边减速器differential geared wheel reductor(bevelepicyclick hub reductor) 外啮合圆柱齿轮式轮边减速器spur geared wheel reductor差速器differential锥齿轮式差速器bevel gear differential圆柱齿轮式差速器spur gear differential防滑式差速器limited -slip differential磨擦片式自锁差速器multi-disc self -locking differential凸轮滑滑块自锁差速器self-locking differential with side ring and radial cam plate 自动离合式自锁差速器automotive positive locking differential强制锁止式差速器locking differential液压差速器hydraulic differential轴间差速器interaxial differential差速器壳differential carrieer(case)主降速齿轮final reduction gear驱动轴减速比axle ratio总减速比total reduction ratio主降速齿轮减速比final reduction gear ratio双减速齿轮double reduction gear差速器主齿轮轴differential pinion-shaft差速器侧齿轮differential side gear行星齿轮spider gear(planetary pinion)螺旋锥齿轮spiral bevel gear双曲面齿轮hypoid gear格里林齿制gleason tooth奥林康型齿制oerlikon tooth锥齿轮齿数number of teeth in bevel gears and hypoid gears锥齿轮齿宽face width of tooth in bevel gears and hypoid gears 平面锥齿轮plane bevel gear奥克托齿形octoid form平顶锥齿轮contrate gear齿面接触区circular tooth contact齿侧间隙backlash in circular tooth差速器十字轴differential spider差速器锁止机构differential locking -device差速器锁止系数differential locking factor差速器壳轴承carrier bearing桥壳axle housing整体式桥壳banjo housing可分式桥壳trumpet-type axle housing组合式桥壳unitized carrier-type axle housing对分式桥壳split housing冲压焊接桥壳press-welding axle housing钢管扩张桥壳expanded tube axle housing锻压焊接桥壳forge welding axle housing整体铸造式桥壳cast rigid axle housing半轴axle shaft全浮式半轴full-floating axle shaft半浮式半轴semi-floating axle shaft四分之三浮式半轴three-quarter floating axle shaft 驱动桥最大附着扭矩slip torque驱动桥额定桥荷能力rating axle capactiy驱动桥减速比driveaxle ratio驱动桥质量drive axle mass单铰接式摆动轴single-joint swing axle双铰接式摆动轴double joint swig axle悬架系suspension system悬架suspension类型type非独立悬架rigid axle suspension独立悬架independent suspension平衡悬架equalizing type of suspension 组合式悬架combination suspension可变刚度悬架variable rate suspension纵置板簧式parallel leaf spring type上置板簧式over slung type下置板簧式under slung type双横臂式double with-bone arm type横置板簧式transversal leaf spring type 双纵臂式double trailing arm type单横臂式single transverse arm type 双横臂式double -wishbone type单横臂式singe trailing arm type双纵臂式double-trailing arm type单斜臂式single oblique arm tyep四连杆式four link type扭矩套管式torque tube drive type第迪安式De Dion type烛式sliding pillar type麦弗逊式MacPherson type金属弹簧式metal spring type空气弹簧式air spring type油气弹簧式hydro-pneumatic spring type 橡胶液体弹簧式hydro-rubber spring type橡胶弹簧式rubber spring type液体弹簧式hydraulic spring type三点悬架three-point suspension四点悬架four-point suspension部件assembly and parts悬架臂suspension arm上悬架臂upper suspension arm控制臂control arm上控制臂upper control arm下控制臂lower control arm纵臂trailing arm横臂transverse arm斜臂oblique arm支撑梁support beam横向推力杆lateral rod纵向推力杆longitudinal rod拉杆tension rod压杆strut bar支撑杆strut bar扭矩套管torque tube变截面弹簧tapered spring钢板弹簧leaf spring(laminated spring) 副钢板弹簧auxiliary spring非对称钢板弹簧unsymmetrical leaf spring单片式钢板弹簧single leaf spring多片式钢板弹簧muotileaved spring纵向钢板弹簧longitudinal leaf spring螺旋弹簧coil spring (helicalspring)空气弹簧air spring囊式空气弹簧bellow type air spring膜式空气弹簧diaphragm typeair spring橡胶弹簧rubber spring type液体弹簧hydraulic spring油气弹簧hydro-pneumatic spring type单气室油气弹簧single chamber hydragas spring双气室油气弹簧double chamber hydragas spring液体弹簧hydraulic spring底盘弹簧chassis spring四分之一椭圆形弹簧quarter elliptic spring半椭圆形弹簧half-elliptic spring(semi-elliptic spring) 四分之三椭圆形弹簧three quarter elliptic spring全椭圆形弹簧full elliptic spring悬臂弹簧cantilever spring簧上质量sprung weight簧下质量unsprung weight垫上弹簧载荷量spring capacity at pad地面弹簧载荷量spring capacity at ground弹簧静挠度spring static deflection弹簧跳动间隙bump clearance of spring弹簧中心距distance between spring centers减振器shock absorber筒式减振器telescopic shock absorber油压缓冲器hydraulic buffer负荷调平式减振器load -levelling shock absorber 液压减振器dydraulic shock absorber可调减振器adjustable shock absorber摇臂式减振器lever type shock absorber磨擦式减振器frictional shock absorber充气减振器gas-filled shock absorber动力减振器dynamic shock absorber减振器卸荷阀shock absorber relief valve减振器进油阀shock absorber intake valve 减振器示功图damper indicator diagram减振器液damper fluid横向稳定器stabilizer anti-roll bar滑动座sliding seat滑板sliding plate弹簧架spring bracket弹簧主片spring leaf钢板弹簧吊耳leaf spring shackle钢板弹簧衬套leaf spring bushing钢板弹簧销leaf spring pin弹簧卷耳spring eyeU 型螺栓U bolt钢板弹簧中心螺栓leaf spring center bolt橡胶衬套rubber bushing缓冲块buffer stopper限位块limiting stopper平衡轴trunnion shaft平衡轴支座trunnion base臂轴arm shaft平横臂equalizer螺纹衬套screw bushing（车身）高度阀levelling valve车架auxiliary tank整体车架unitized frame上弯式梁架upswept frame (kick up frame) 短型车架stub frame发动机支架engine mounting半径杆radius rod平衡杆stabilizer bar制动反应杆brake reaction rod分开式车身和车架separated body and frame车轮wheel车轮尺寸名称wheelsize designation车轮类型wheel type单式车轮single wheel双式车轮dual wheel整体轮毂式车轮wheel with integral hub 组装轮辋式车轮demountable rim wheel 对开式车轮divided wheel可调车轮adustable wheel辐板式车轮disc wheel可反装式车轮reversible wheel辐条式车轮wire wheel安装面attachment face安装面直径attachment face diameter 双轮中心距dual spacing半双轮中心距half dual spacing轮缘flange固定轮缘fixed flange轮缘规格代号flange size disignation 轮缘高度flange height轮缘半径flange radius轮级端部半径flange edge radius轮级宽度flange width内轴承座肩inner bearing cup shoulder 内移距inset横向跳动lateral run-out外移距outset径向跳动radius run-out轮辋rim轮辋尺寸名称rim size disignation轮辋宽度rim width标定轮辋宽度specified rim width轮辋直径rim diameter标定轮辋直径specified rim diameter轮辋类型rim types整体式（深槽式）one-piece(drop -center DC) 半深槽式semi-drop center (SDC)二件式two-piece三件式three-piece四件式four-piece轮毂座hub seat五件式five-piece轮辋轮廓类型rim contour classification深槽轮辋drop center rim(DC)深槽宽轮辋wide drop center rim(WDC) 半深槽轮辋semi-drop center rim(SDC)平底轮辋flat base rim平底宽轮辋wide flat base rim (WFB)全斜底轮辋full tapered bead seat rim (TB) 可拆卸轮辋demountable rim wheel对开式轮辋divided rim(DT)轮辋基体rim base轮辋基体偏移距rim base offset轮辋偏移距rim bevel distance气门嘴孔valve hole气门嘴孔的位置rim hole location锁圈槽gutter锁圈槽沟gutter groove锁圈槽顶gutter tip隔圈spaceband隔圈宽度spacerband width标定轮辋直径specified rim diameter标定轮辋宽度specified rim width花键spline弹性锁圈spring lock ring辐条式车轮轮毂shell (wire shell)轮辋槽well槽角well angle槽深well depth槽底半径well iner radius槽的位置well position槽顶圆角半径well radius top槽宽度well width中心孔center hole中心线center line夹紧块clamp夹紧螺栓clamping bolt锥型座（螺帽定位用）cone seat (for retaining nut)可拆卸档圈detachable endless flange可拆卸弹簧档圈detachable spring flange可拆卸锥形座圈detachable endless taper bead seat ring 轮辐disc辐条wire spoke零移距zeroset弯距bending moment动态径向疲劳试验dynamic radial fatigue test横向疲劳试验cornering fatigue test轴安装axel mounting轴颈安装journal mounting孔径bore轮胎tyre (tire)轮胎系列tyre series轮胎规格tyre size轮胎标志tyre marking速度符号speed symbol胎面磨耗标志tread wear indicator骨架材料framework material层数number of plies层级ply rating外胎cover内胎inner tube胀大轮胎grown tyre充气轮胎pneumatic tyre新胎new tyre有内胎轮胎tubed tyre无内胎轮胎tubeless tyre水胎curing bag保留生产轮胎reserved old series of tyre 普通断面轮胎conventional section tyre 低断面轮胎low section tyre超低断面轮胎super low section tyre宽基轮胎wide base tyre斜交轮胎diagonal tyre子午线轮胎radial ply tyre活胎面轮胎removable tread tyre越野轮胎cross-country tyre沙漠轮胎sand tyre浇注轮胎cast tyre调压轮胎adjustable inflation tyre海棉轮胎foam filled tyre常压轮胎atomospheric pressure tyre 内支撑轮胎internal supporter tyre拱形轮胎arch tyre椭圆形轮胎elliptical tyre实心轮胎solid tyre粘结式实心轮胎cured on solid tyre非粘结式实心轮胎pressed on solid tyre圆柱实心轮胎cylindrical base solid tyre 斜底实心轮胎conical base solid tyre抗静电实心轮胎anti-static solid tyre导电实心轮胎conductive solid tyre耐油实心轮胎oil-resistance solid tyre高负荷实心轮胎high load capacity solid tyre 胎面花纹treadpattern纵向花纹circumferetial pattern横向花纹transverse pattern公路花纹highway tread pattern越野花纹cross-country tread pattern 混合花纹dual purpose tread pattern 定向花纹directional tread pattern雪泥花纹mud and snow pattern花纹细缝pattern sipe花纹块pattern block花纹条pattern rib花纹沟groove花纹加强盘tie-bar of pattern花纹角度pattern angle花纹纹深度pattern depth花纹展开图patttern plan光胎面smooth tread胎冠crown胎面tread胎面行驶面tread cap胎面基部tread base胎面基部胶tread slab base胎面过渡胶transition rubber of tread 缓冲层breaker带束层belt缓冲胶片breaker strip包边胶tie-in strip完带层cap ply胎体carcass帘面层cord ply隔离胶insulation rubber封口胶sealing rubber胎里tyre cavity内衬层inside liner气密层innerliner胎肩shoulder胎肩区shoulder area胎肩垫胶shoulder wedge胎侧sidewall屈挠区flexing area胎侧胶sidewall rubber装饰胎侧decorative sidewall装饰线decorative rib装配线fitting line防擦线胎圈bead钢丝圈bead ring钢丝包胶wire covering胎圈座bead seat胎圈座角度beat seat angle胎圈座圆角半径bead seat radius胎圈座宽度bead seat width可选择的胎圈座轮廓bead seat optional contours 凹陷型center-pente(CP)平峰型flat hump(FH)凸峰型round hump(RH)特殊座架special ledge(SL)胎圈芯bead core三角胶apex胎圈补强带bead reinforcing strip胎圈包布chafer胎圈外护胶bead filler rubber胎踵bead heel胎趾bead toe胎圈底部bead base内胎胎身tube body断面宽度断面高度section height高宽比（H/S）aspect ratio(H/S)外直径overall diameter自由半径free radius转向系steering system类型type机械转向系manual steering system动力转向系power steering system转向操纵机构steering control mechanism直列式转向器in-line steering gear四边联杆式转向机构parallelogram linkage steering整体式动力转向机构integral type power steering总成和部件assemblies and parts转向万向节steering universal joint转向传动轴steering inner articulated shaft转向管柱steering column球轴承套管式转向管柱tube and ball type steering column 可伸缩式转向管柱telescopic steering column折叠式转向管柱collapsible steering column倾斜和缩进式转向管柱tilt and telescopic steering column 吸能式转向管柱energy-absorbing steering column 网络状转向柱管转向轴steering shaft转向横轴cross shaft转向盘steering wheel倾斜式方向盘tilt steering wheel机构转向器manual steering gear蜗杆滚轮式转向器worm and roller steering gear转向器盖cover of steering gear壳体housing转向蜗杆steering worm滚轮roller滚轮轴roller shaft侧盖side cover摇臂轴pitman arm shaft循环球式转向器recirculating ball steering gear循环球和螺母式转向器recirculating ball and nut steering gear循环球齿条齿扇式转向器recirculating ball-rack and sector steering gear 转向螺母steering nut钢球ball转向螺杆steering screw循环球-曲柄销式转向器recirculating ball-lever and peg steering gear 指销stud蜗杆指销式转向器转向齿轮steering pinion转向齿条steering rack动力转向器power steering stgear整体式动力转向器integral power steering gear常压式液压动力转向器constant pressure hydraulic power steering gear 常流式液压动力转向器constant flow hydraulic power steering gear螺杆螺线式转向器screw and nut steering gear蜗杆指销式转向器worm and peg steering gear齿轮齿条式转向器rack and pinion steering gear变传动比转向器steering gear with variable ratio转向控制阀steering control valve滑阀式转向控制器spool valve type阀体valve housing滑阀valve spool转阀式转向控制阀rotary valve type扭杆torsion bar转向动力缸power cylinder转向油泵power steerig pump转向油罐oil reservoir转向传动杆系steering linkage动力转向系布置power steering system layout反作用阀reactive valve梯形转向机构ackerman steering整体式转向梯形杆系ackerman steering linkdage分段式转向梯形杆系divided ackerman steering linkage 中间转向杆intermediate steering rod转向摇臂pitman arm转向直拉杆steering drag link中间转向联杆center steering linkdage端部螺塞end plug球头销ball stud球头座ball cup压缩弹簧compression spring梯形机构tie rod linkage梯形臂tie rod arm转向横拉杆steering tie rod接头socket横拉杆端接头tie rod end分段式梯形机构split tie rod type tie rod linkage摆臂swing arm动力转向power steering气压式动力转向air-power steering液压式动力转向hydraulic power steerig液压常流式动力转向hydraulic constant flow type power steering 液压储能式动力转向hydraulic accumulator power steering慢速转向slow steeirng快速转向fast steering (quick steering)过度转向oversteering转向不足understeering转向系刚度steering system stiffness转向盘自由行程free play of steering wheel转向器转动力矩rotating torque of steering gear转向力矩steering mometn转向阻力矩steering resisting torque转向力steering force转向传动比steering gear ratio (steering ratio0恒定转向传动比constant ratio steering可变转向传动比variable ratio steering转向系角传动比steering system angle ratio转向器角传动比steering gear angle ratio转向传动机构角传动比steering linkage angle ratio转向器传动效率steerign gear efficiency正效率forward efficiency逆效率reverse efficiency转向器扭转刚度torsional stiffness of steering gear转向盘总圈数total number of steering wheel turns转向器总圈数total turns of steering gaer转向器传动间隙steering gar cleanrance摇臂轴最大转角max.rotating angle of pitman arm shaft转向摇臂最大摆角max. Swing angle of steering pitman arm转向器反驱动力矩reverse rotating torque of steering gear转向器最大输出扭矩steering gear max. Output torque最大工作压力max. Working pressure额定工作压力rated working pressure转向油泵理论排量theoretical displacement of pump限制流量limited flow转向控制阀预开隙pre-opened play of steering contol valve转向控制阀全开隙totally -opened play of steering control valve转向控制阀内泄漏量internal leakage in steering control valve转向控制阀压力降pressure loss in steering control valve转向器角传动比特性steering gear angle ratio characteristic转向器传动间隙特性steering gear clearance characterstic转向器传动效率特性steering gear efficeieny characteristic转向力特性steering force characteristic动力转向系灵敏度特性power steering systme response characteristic转向控制阀压力降特性steeirn gcontrol valve presrue loss characteristtic 前桥front axle工字梁I-beam双工字梁twin I-beam非驱动桥dead axle转向节steering knuckle挂车转向装置steering system of trailer中央主销式转向装置central king pin type steering systme 无主销转向装置no king pin type steering system全杆式转向装置all linkage tyep steering system球销式转向节ball and socket steering knuckle转向节止推轴承steering knuckle thrust bearing前轮轴front wheel spindle转向盘轴steering spindle转向节轴knuckle spindle转向节臂steering knuckle arm（转向节）主销knuckle pin(King pin)反拳式前桥reverse elliott axle反拳式转向节reverse elliott steering knuckle叉式前桥elliott type axle叉式转向节elliott steering knuckle制动系braking ssytem类型tyep行车制动系统service braking sytem应急制动系统secondary (emergency )braking sytem 驻车制动系统parking braking system辅助制动系统auxiliary braking system自动制动系统automatic braking sytem人力制动系统muscular energy braking sytem助力制动系统energy assisted braking system动力制动系统non-muscular energy braking system 惯性制动系统inertial braking styem重力制动系统gravity braking sytem单回路制动系统single-circuit braking system双回路制动系统dual -ciurcuit braking system单管路制动系统single-line braking system双管路制动系统dual braking sytem多管路制动系统multi-line braking sytem连续制动系统continuous braking sytem半连续制动系统semi-continuous braking sytemm非连续制动系统non-continuous braking system伺服制动系统servo braking system液压制动系统hydraulic braking sytem电磁制动系统electormagnetic braking sytem机械制动系统mechanical braking sytem组合制动系统combination braking sytem基本术语bsic terms制动装备braking equipment组成部件constituent elements制动力学braking mechanics渐进制动gradual braking制动能源braking energy source制动力矩braking torque总制动力total braking force干扰后效制动力矩distrubing residual braking torque总制动距离total braking distance有效制动距离active braking distance制动力分配率braking force distaribution rate制动效能因素（制动强度）braking efficiency factro制动力braking work瞬时制动功率instantaneous braking power保护压力rptection pressure报警压力alarm pressure制动系滞后braking system hysteresis制动效果百分数percentage of the braking efficiency停车距离（制动距离）stopping distance充分发出的平均减速度mean fully developed braking deceleration (MFDD) 制动反应时间reaction time促动时间actuating time初始反应时间initial response time制动力增长时间build-up time of braking force 有效制动时间active braking time释放时间release time驾驶员反应时间reaction time of driver机构滞后时间mechanism hysteresis time增长时间build-up time of braking force 主制动时间main braking time总制动时间total braking tiem停车时间stopping tiem开启行程opening travel空行程spare travel中间行程mid-travel制动储备行程reserve brake travel断油行程cut-off travel行程损失loss of travel缩小比（减压比）reduction ratio回缩retraction两片法two-plate method单片法single-plate method含水量moistrue content单轮控制individual wheel control多轮控制multi wheel control轴控制axle control边控制side control对角控制diagonal control组合多轴控制combined multi-axle control 可变选择variable selection最低控制速度minimum control speed传感器信号选择sensor signal低选择select -low高选择select-high预定选择predetermined selectin车轮选择selection by wheel平均选择average selecton分辨率resolution rate控制周期control cycle控制频率control frequency控制力control force作用力control froce制动器效能因素application force制动器材的滞后brake hysteresis制动器输出力矩brake output torque制动器额定力矩brake rating torque制动蹄效能因素brake shoe efficiency factro制动蹄作用压力application pressure of brake shoe assebmly 制动蹄释放压力release pressure of brake shoe最大制动蹄中心升程maximum shoe centre lift制动鼓直径drum diameter制动鼓宽度drum width制动鼓厚度drum thickness制动盘厚度disc thickness（鼓或盘）的摩擦面积swept area制动衬片吸收功率power absorption of lining制动衬片包角lining arc制动衬片单位面积制动力lining drag衬片摩擦系数lining mu衬片摩擦面积/每轴lining area/axle衬片摩擦面积/每个制动器lining area/brake踏板行程pedal travel踏板自由行程free pedal travel踏板最大行程maximum pedal travel踏板力pedal effort有效踏板长度effective pedal length踏板速比pedal velocity ratio踏板回位弹簧力pedal return spring load踏板回位弹簧刚度pedal return spring rate制动初速度initial speed of braking制动减速度braking deceleration瞬时制动减速度instantaneous braking deceleration 平均制动减速度mean braking deceleration最大制动减速度maximum braking deceleration石油基制动液petroleum base brake fluid非石油基制动液non-petroleum base brake fluid最低湿沸点minimum wet boiling point防冻液anti-freeze liquid冷却液cooling liquid供能装置energy supplying device真空泵vacuum pump喷射器ejector真空罐（筒）vacuum tank空压机air compressor气缸盖cylinder head气缸体cylinder block活塞piston火塞环piston ring连杆connecting rod活塞销piston pin曲轴crank shaft进气阀intake valve排气阀exhaust valve储气罐（筒）air storage reservoir调压阀pressure regulating valve单向阀single check valve止回阀、单向阀check valve滤清器filter进气滤清器air intake filter排气滤清器air exhaust filter管路滤清器line filter滤网（芯）strainer油水分离器oil and water seperator防冻器aiti-freezer空气干燥器air dryer排放阀drain valve压力保护阀pressrue protection valve控制装置control device行车制动踏板装置service braking pedal device 制动踏板braking pedal踏板护套pedal pad踏板支架pedal brackeet衬套bushing套管collar销轴axis pin回位弹簧retruen spring驻车制动操纵装置parking brake control device 操纵杆control lever操纵杆支架control lever bracket操纵杆导套control lever guide collar齿杆（棘轮）rod rack(ratchet)棘抓ratchet pawl操纵揽绳control cable平衡臂equalizer拉杆（拉绳）pull rod(pull wire)拉杆导套pull rod guide collar制动杆brake lever手制动杆hand lever气制动阀aire brake valve单腔气制动阀single-chamber air brake valve 推杆plunger气阀air valve平衡弹簧equalizing spring膜片diaphragm双腔气制动阀dual-chamber air brake valve串列式双腔气制动阀series dual -chamber air brake valve并列式双腔气制动阀parallel dual-chamber air brake valve三腔气制动阀triple-chamber air brake valve三通路控制阀three way control valve双向止回阀（双通单向阀）dual way check valve继动阀relay valve快放阀quick release valve继动快放阀relay and quick release valve挂车制动阀trailer braking valve挂车制动应急继动阀trailer braking relay emergency valve挂车制动保护阀trailer braking protecton valve挂车制动放松阀trailer braking relax valve手控制动阀hand braking valve传能装置transmission device制动主缸brake master cylinder有补偿孔式制动主缸compensating brake master cylinder无补偿孔式制动主缸portless brake master cylinder串列双腔式制动主缸series dual chamber brake master cylinder 盘式制动器制动缸disc brake cylinder双腔制动主缸tandem master cylinder主腔。
fast双中间轴系列变速器使用说明
fast双中间轴系列变速器使用说明一 fast 双中间轴系列变速器的结构1.双中间轴结构fast双中间系列变速器的主、副变速器均采用两根结构完全一样的中间轴，相间180°。
动力从输入轴输入后，分流到两根中间轴上，然后汇集到主轴输出，副变速器也是如此。
在理论上每根中间轴只传递1/2的扭矩，所以采用双中间轴可以使变速器的中心距减少，齿轮的宽度减薄，轴向尺寸缩短，质量减轻。
采用了双中间轴以后，主轴上的各档必须同时与两只中间轴齿轮啮合。
为了满足正确的啮合并使载荷尽可能地平均分配，主轴齿轮在主轴上呈径向浮动状态，主轴则采用铰接式浮动结构。
主轴轴颈插入输入轴的孔内，孔内压入含油导套，主轴轴颈与导套之间有足够的径向间隙。
主轴后端通过渐开线花键插入副变速器驱动齿轮孔内，副变速器驱动齿轮轴颈支撑在球轴承上。
在细齿变速器中，副箱驱动齿轮轴颈有两个凹槽，槽内装有O型橡胶圈，与轴承形成弹性支承。
因为主轴上各档齿轮在主轴上浮动，这样就取消了传统的滚针轴承，使主轴总成的结构更简单。
在工作时，两个中间轴齿轮对主轴齿轮所加的径向力大小相等，方向相反，相互抵消，使主轴只承受扭矩，不承受弯矩，改善了主轴和轴承的受力状况，并大大提高了变速器的使用可靠性和耐久性。
2.“对齿”及对齿程序为了解决双中间轴齿轮与主轴齿轮的正确啮合，必须进行“对齿”。
所谓“对齿”，即组装变速器时，将两根中间轴传动齿轮上印有标记的轮齿分别插入输入轴（一轴）齿轮上印有标记的两组轮齿（每组包括相邻的两个牙齿）的齿槽内。
副变速器“对齿”也按上述方法。
通常是选用后面一对齿轮进行“对齿”。
对齿程序:（1）先在一轴齿轮的任意两个相邻齿上打上记号，然后在与其相对称的另一侧两相邻齿上打上记号。
两组记号间的齿数相等。
（2）在每只中间轴传动齿轮上与齿轮键槽正对的那个齿上打上记号，以便识别。
（3）装配时，是两只中间轴传动齿轮上有标记的齿分别啮入一轴齿轮左右两侧标有记号的两齿之中。
齿轮箱部分培训教材
第4章齿轮箱培训教材风力发电机组中的齿轮箱是一个重要的机械部件，其主要的功能是将风轮在风力作用下所产生的动力传递给发电机并使其得到相应的转速。
风轮的转速很低，远达不到发电机组的要求，必须通过齿轮箱齿轮副的增速作用来实现，故也将齿轮箱称之为增速箱。
从上图可以看出，本齿轮箱由如下极大局部组成：〔1〕传动轴〔俗称大轴〕：传动轴的作用就是将风轮的动能传递到齿轮机箱的齿轮副。
FL1500风力发电机组齿轮箱最大的特点就是将主轴置于齿轮箱的内部。
这样设计可以使风机的构造更为紧凑、减少机舱的体积和重量、有利于对主轴的保护。
〔2〕箱体局部：箱体由三局部组成：前机体、中机体和后机体。
齿轮箱的箱体承受来自风轮的作用力和齿轮传动时产生的反作用力,并将力传递到主机架。
箱体局部采用QT400铸造而成，这种材料具有减震性和易于加工等特点〔3〕齿轮副：齿轮箱的增速机构——齿轮副，采用了两级行星和一级平行轴传动。
采用行星机构可以进步速比、减小齿轮箱的体积。
驱动端输出端从上图可知，齿轮箱主轴的前端法兰与风轮相连，风作用到叶片上驱动风轮旋转，风轮带动齿轮箱主轴旋转，从而主轴带动后面的增速机构开场运转。
这样齿轮箱就把风轮所吸收的低转速、大扭矩的机械能转化成高转速、小扭矩的机械能传递到齿轮箱的输出轴上。
齿轮箱的输出轴通过弹性联轴器与电机轴相连，驱动发电机的转子旋转，将能量输入给发电机。
发电机将输入的动能转化成电能并输送到电网上。
齿轮箱通过加紧法兰和楔块被固定到主机架上。
在齿轮箱与于加紧法兰、齿轮箱与主机架之间均有减噪板弹簧。
这使齿轮箱和主机架之间没有任何的刚性连接。
这种方式可以最大程度上吸收齿轮箱所产生的震动，减小振动对主机架的影响。
在齿轮箱的前端设有转子锁定装置，当对系统进展检修时可以通过此装置锁定风轮，确保风力发电机处于平安状态。
如下列图所示,当需要所定风轮时,用手将在齿轮箱的前部和后局部别设有三个加热器。
当齿轮箱工作环境温度较低时，为确保齿轮箱内部的光滑油保持在一定的粘度范围，可使用加热器对齿轮箱光滑油进展加热。
重齿风电齿轮箱知识
FL800A FL850 FL1000D FL1250 FL1500A FL2000D FL2000H FL2000B FL2000S FL2000T
一、齿轮箱基本认识
1、风电齿轮箱的结构 该结构同一级行星二级 平行结构都是较常见风 电齿轮箱结构形式。该 结构用一组平行齿轮代 替一组行星传动，从而 降低了行星齿轮及轴承 的失效风险，增强了齿 轮箱整体的可靠性；不 足之处在于增加体积与 重量。
滚动轴承装配时，游隙不能太大，也不能太小。游隙太大，会造成同时承受载荷的滚动体 数量减少，单个滚动体的载荷增大，从而降低轴承的旋转精度，减少使用寿命；游隙太小， 会使摩擦力增大，产生的热量增加，加剧磨损，同样能使轴承的使用寿命减少。
一、齿轮箱基本认识
4、风电齿轮箱的润滑
1.原理图：
排气口 5#管 OUT1 单 向 阀 1 OUT3 单 向 阀 单 向 阀
0.17~0.23
0.4
0.17~0.37
0.4-0.6
0.90~1.20
1.5-1.8
1.10~1.40
1.4-1.7
0.25-0.35
0.20~0.30
一、齿轮箱基本认识 2、风电齿轮箱的齿轮基础
齿轮的特性： 2、机械性能： 风力发电机组齿轮受风力负荷，此负荷变化极大，因此，齿轮采用 抗低温冲击，韧性高的渗碳淬火材料。内齿圈根据设计载荷分别采 用软齿面（调质）中硬齿面（调质+表面氮化）硬齿面（渗碳淬火）， 精度为6GB10095。其他所有齿轮均为渗碳淬火硬齿面齿轮，渗碳淬 火后磨齿，齿面硬度为60±2HRC，精度5-6 GB10095。 根据等强度原则使各级传动中的承载能力大致相等，齿轮几何尺寸计 算按照GB1356进行计算。齿轮接触疲劳强度，弯曲疲劳强度按照 GB3480渐开线圆柱齿轮承载能力计算方法进行计算。
倾动齿轮箱的工作原理
倾动齿轮箱的工作原理
齿轮箱是一种常见的传动装置，常用于汽车、机械设备等领域。
其工作原理主要涉及两个主要部分——齿轮和轴承。
齿轮是齿轮箱的核心部件，负责实现传动功能。
齿轮箱通常由多个齿轮组成，每个齿轮都有一定的模数和齿数。
齿轮的齿数和模数的不同决定了不同齿轮的传动比例。
当齿轮之间咬合时，通过转动一个齿轮，其他齿轮也会跟随转动。
轴承则负责支撑和减少摩擦力。
齿轮箱中的轴承通常采用滚动轴承，例如球轴承和滚子轴承。
这些轴承能够在齿轮旋转时减少摩擦和磨损，确保齿轮的平稳运转。
整个齿轮箱工作的过程如下：
1. 齿轮箱的输入轴（通常是发动机的输出轴）带动齿轮的旋转。
2. 输入轴上的齿轮与相邻齿轮咬合，将转动力传递给它们。
3. 相邻的齿轮也开始转动，并将动力传递给下一个齿轮，依此类推。
4. 输出轴上的齿轮由此而转动，将最终的力量输出给机械设备。
齿轮箱通过改变输入轴和输出轴的齿轮组合来实现不同的传动比例。
通过设计不同齿轮的齿数和模数，齿轮箱可以提供不同的速度和扭矩输出，以满足各种应用需求。
总而言之，齿轮箱的工作原理是通过齿轮和轴承配合工作，将输入轴的动力传递到输出轴，实现力量的转换和传递。
中英文齿轮基本术语
齿轮基本术语（中英文对照)齿轮 Toothed gear；Gear齿轮副 Gear pair平行轴齿轮副 Gear pair with parallel axes 相交轴齿轮副 Gear pair with intersecting axes齿轮系 Train of gears行星齿轮系 Planetary gear train 齿轮传动 Gear drive；Gear transmission配对齿轮 Mating gears小齿轮 Pinion大齿轮 Wheel；Gear主动齿轮 Driving gear从动齿轮 Driven gear行星齿轮 Planet gear行星架 Planet carrier太阳轮 Sun gear内齿圈 Ring gear；Annulus gear外齿轮 External gear内齿轮 Internal gear中心距 Centre distance轴交角 Shaft angle连心线 Line of centres减速齿轮副 Speed reducing gear pair增速齿轮副 Speed increasing gear pair齿数比 Gear ratio传动比 Transmission ratio轴平面 Axial plane基准平面 Datum plane节平面 Pitch plane端平面 Transverse plane法平面 Normal plane分度曲面 Reference surface节曲面 Pitch surface齿顶曲面 Tip surface齿根曲面 Root surface基本齿廓 Basic tooth profile基本齿条 Basic rack产形齿条 Counterpart rack产形齿轮 Generating gear of a gear产形齿面 Generating flank基准线 Datum line轮齿 Gear teeth；Tooth齿槽 Tooth space右旋齿 Right-hand teeth左旋齿 Left-hand teeth变位齿轮 Gears with addendum modification;X-gears高度变位圆柱齿轮副 X-gear pair with reference centre distance 角度变位圆柱齿轮副 X—gear pair with modified centre distance 高度变位锥齿轮副 X-gear pair without shaft angle modification 角度变位圆柱齿轮副 X-gear pair with shaft angle modification变位系数 Modification coefficient变位量 Addendum modification径向变位系数 Addendum modification coefficient 中心距变位系数 Centre distance modification coefficient圆柱齿轮 Cylindrical gear顶圆 Tip circle根圆 Root circle齿距 Pitch齿距角 Angular pitch公法线长度 Base tangent length分度圆直径 Reference diameter节圆直径 Pitch diameter基圆直径 Base diameter顶圆直径 Tip diameter根圆直径 Root diameter齿根圆角半径 Fillet radius齿高 Tooth depth工作高度 Working depth齿顶高 Addendum齿根高 Dedendum弦齿高 Chordal height固定弦齿高 Constant chord height齿宽 Facewidth有效齿宽 Effective facewidth端面齿厚 Transverse tooth thickness法向齿厚 Normal tooth thickness端面基圆齿厚 Transverse base thickness法向基圆齿厚 Normal base thickness端面弦齿厚 Transverse chordal tooth thickness固定弦齿厚 Constant chord端面齿顶厚 Crest width法向齿顶厚 Normal crest width端面齿槽宽 Transverse spacewidth法向齿槽宽 Normal spacewidth齿厚半角 Tooth thickness half angle槽宽半角 Spacewidth half angle压力角 Pressure angle齿形角 Nominal pressure angle圆弧圆柱蜗杆 Arc—contact worm；hollow flank worm；ZC-worm 直廓环面蜗杆 Enveloping worm with straight line grneratrix；TA worm平面蜗杆 Planar worm wheel；P—worm wheel平面包络环面蜗杆 Planar double enveloping worm;TP-worm 平面二次包络蜗杆 Planar double-enveloping worm wheel；TP-worm wheel 锥面包络环面蜗杆 Toroid enveloping worm wheel；TK-worm wheel渐开线包络环面蜗杆 Toroid enveloping worm hich involute holicoid generatrix；TI-worm锥蜗杆 Spiroid锥蜗轮 Spiroid gear锥蜗杆副 Spiroid gear pair中平面 Mid—plane齿面 Tooth flank右侧齿面 Right flank左侧齿面 Left flank同侧齿面 Corresponding flank异侧齿面 Opposite flank工作齿面 Working flank非工作齿面 Non-working flank相啮齿面 Mating flank共轭齿面 Conjugate flank可用齿面 Usable flank有效齿面 Active flank上齿面 Addendum flank下齿面 Dedendum flank齿根过渡曲面 Fillet齿顶 Crest;Top land槽底 Bottom land齿廓 Tooth profile端面齿廓 Transverse profile法向齿廓 Normal profile轴向齿廓 Axial profile背锥齿廓 Back cone tooth profile齿线 Tooth trace齿棱 Tip;Tooth tip模数 Module端面模数 Transverse module法向模数 Normal module轴向模数 Axial module径节 Diametral pitch齿数 Number of teech当量齿数 Virtual number of teeth头数 Number of starts;Number of threads螺旋线 Helix；Circular helix圆锥螺旋线 Conical spiral螺旋角 Helix angle；Spiral angle导程 Lead导程角 Lead angle阿基米德螺旋线 Archimedes spiral外摆线 Epicycloid长幅外摆线 Prolate epoicycloid短幅外摆线 Curtate epoicycloid摆线 Cycloid长幅摆线 Prolate cycloid短幅摆线 Curtate cycloid内摆线 Hypocycloid直齿轮 Spur gear斜齿轮 Helical gear；Single-helical gear直齿条 Spur rack斜齿条 Helical rack人字齿轮 Double-helical gear渐开线齿轮 Involute cylindrical gear摆线齿轮 Cycloidal gear圆弧齿轮 Circular-arc gear；W—N gear双圆弧齿轮 Double-circular-arc gear假想曲面 Imaginary surfance任意点法向压力角 Normal pressure angle at a point 任意点端面压力角 Transverse pressure angle at a point 啮合角 Working pressure angle顶隙 Bottom clearance圆周侧隙 Circumferential blacklash法向侧隙 Normal blacklash径向侧隙 Radial blacklash锥齿轮 Bevel gear锥齿轮副 Bevel gear pair准双曲面齿轮副 Hypoid gear pair准双曲面齿轮 Hypoid gear冠轮 Crown gear端面齿轮 Contrate gear直齿锥齿轮 Straight bevel gear斜齿锥齿轮 Skew bevel gear；Helical bevel gear曲面齿锥齿轮 Curved tooth bevel gear弧齿锥齿轮 Spiral bevel gear摆线齿锥齿轮 Enicycloid bevel gear零度齿锥齿轮 Zerot bevel gear圆柱齿轮端面齿轮副 Contrate gear pair锥齿轮的当量圆柱齿轮 Virtual cylindrical gear of bevel gear8字啮合锥齿轮 Octoid gear圆柱齿弧锥齿轮 Spiral bevel gear with circle arc tooth profile分度圆锥面 Reference cone节圆锥面 Pitch cone齿顶圆锥面 Face cone；tip cone齿根圆锥面 Root cone背锥面 Back cone前锥面 Front cone中锥面 Middle cone分锥顶点 Reference cone apex轴线交点 Crossing point of axes公共锥顶 Common apex齿根圆环面 Root tosoid咽喉面 Gorge喉平面 Gorge plane喉圆 Gorge circle分度圆蜗旋线 Reference helix螺纹 Thread蜗杆齿宽 Worm facewidth蜗轮齿宽 Worm wheel facewidth直径系数 Diametral quotient咽喉半径 Gorge radius齿宽角 Width angle长幅内摆线 Prolate hypocycloid短幅内摆线 Curtate hypocycloid渐开线 Involute；Involute to a circle延伸渐开线 Prolate involute缩短渐开线 Curtate involute球面渐开线 Spherical involute渐开螺旋面 Involute helicoid阿基米德螺旋面 Screw helicoid球面渐开螺旋面 Spherical involute helicoid圆环面 Toroid圆环面的母圈 Generant of the toroit圆环面的中性圈 Middle circle of the toroid圆环面的中间平面 Middle—plane of the toroid圆环面的内圈 Inner circle of the toroid啮合干涉 Meshing interference切齿干涉 Cutter interference齿廓修型 Profile modification；Profile correction修缘 Tip relief修根 Root relief齿向修形 Axial modification;Longitudinal correction齿端修薄 End relief鼓形修整 Crowning鼓形齿 Crowned teeth挖根 Undercut瞬时轴 Instantaneous axis瞬时接触点 Point of contact瞬时接触线 Line of contact端面啮合线 Transverse path of contact啮合曲面 Surface of action啮合平面 Plane of action啮合区域 Zone of action总作用弧 Total arc of transmission端面作用弧 Transverse arc of transmission纵向作用弧 Overlap arc总作用角 Total angle of transmission端面作用角 Transverse angle of transmission 纵向作用角 Overlap angle总重合度 Total contact ratio端面重合度 Transverse ratio纵向重合度 Overlap ratio标准齿轮 Standard gears非变位齿轮 X-gero gear标准中心距 Referencr centre distance名义中心距 Nominal centre distance 分度圆柱面 Reference cylinder节圆柱面 Pitch cylinder基圆柱面 Basic cylinder齿顶圆柱面 Tip cylinder齿根圆柱面 Root cylinder节点 Pitch point节线 Pitch line分度圆 Reference circle节圆 Pitch circle基圆 Basic circle定位面 Locating face外锥距 Outer cone distance内锥距 Inner cone distance中点锥距 Mean cone distance背锥距 Back cone distance安装距 Locating distance轮冠距 Tip distance；crown to back冠顶距 Apex to crown偏置距 Offset齿线偏移量 Offset of tooth trace分锥角 Reference cone angle节锥角 Pitch cone angle顶锥角 Tip angle根锥角 Root angle背锥角 Back cone angle齿顶角 Addendum angel齿根角 Dedendum angle任意点压力角 Pressure angle at a point任意点螺旋角 Spiral angle at a point中点螺旋角 Mean spiral angle大端螺旋角 Outer spiral angle小端螺旋角 Inner spiral angle蜗杆 Worm蜗轮 Worm wheel蜗杆副 Worm gear pair圆柱蜗杆 Cylindrical worm圆柱蜗杆副 Cylindrical worm pair环面蜗杆 Enveloping worm环面蜗杆副 Enveloping worm pair阿基米德蜗杆 Straight sided axial worm；ZA—worm 渐开线蜗杆 Involute helicoid worm;ZI—worm法向直廓蜗杆 Straight sided normal worm；ZN-worm 锥面包络圆柱蜗杆 Milled helicoid worm；ZK-worm椭圆齿轮 Elliptical gear非圆齿轮副 Non—circular gear pair 圆柱针轮副 Cylindsical lantern pinion and wheel 针轮 Cylindsical tan tein gear ；pin—wheel谐波齿轮副 Harmoric gear drive波发生器 Wave generator柔性齿轮 Flexspine刚性齿轮 Circular spline非圆齿轮 Non—circular gear分度圆环面 Reference tosoid模具成形不良用语英汉对照aberration 色差 bite 咬入blacking hole 涂料孔(铸疵） blacking scab 涂料疤blister 起泡 blooming 起霜blow hole 破孔 blushing 泛白body wrinkle 侧壁皱纹 breaking-in 冒口带肉bubble 膜泡 burn mark 糊斑burr 毛边 camber 翘曲cell 气泡 center buckle 表面中部波皱check 细裂痕 checking 龟裂chipping 修整表面缺陷 clamp—off 铸件凹痕collapse 塌陷 color mottle 色斑corrosion 腐蚀 crack 裂痕crazing 碎裂 crazing 龟裂deformation 变形 edge 切边碎片edge crack 裂边 fading 退色filler speak 填充料斑 fissure 裂纹flange wrinkle 凸缘起皱 flaw 刮伤flow mark 流痕 galling 毛边glazing 光滑 gloss 光泽grease pits 污斑 grinding defect 磨痕haircrack 发裂 haze 雾度incrustation 水锈 indentation 压痕internal porosity 内部气孔 mismatch 偏模mottle 斑点 necking 缩颈nick 割痕 orange peel 橘皮状表面缺陷overflow 溢流 peeling 剥离pit 坑 pitting corrosion 点状腐蚀plate mark 模板印痕 pock 麻点pock mark 痘斑 resin streak 树脂流纹resin wear 树脂脱落 riding 凹陷sagging 松垂 saponification 皂化scar 疤痕 scrap 废料scrap jam 废料阻塞 scratch 刮伤/划痕scuffing 深冲表面划伤 seam 裂痕shock line 模口挤痕 short shot 充填不足shrinkage pool 凹孔 sink mark 凹痕skin inclusion 表皮折叠 straightening 矫直streak 条状痕 surface check 表面裂痕surface roughening 橘皮状表皮皱折 surging 波动sweat out 冒汗 torsion 扭曲warpage 翘曲 waviness 波痕webbing 熔塌 weld mark 焊痕whitening 白化 wrinkle 皱纹实验与试验用语air permeability test 透气性试验 austenitic steel 沃斯田铁钢brinell hardness 布耐内尔硬度 brinell hardness test 布氏硬度试验charpy impact test 夏比冲击试验 conical cup test 圆锥杯突试验cup flow test 杯模式流动度试验 dart drop impact test 落锤冲击试验Elmendorf test 埃罗门多撕裂强度试验 environmental stress cracking test环境应力龟裂试验ericessen test 埃留伸薄板拉伸试验 falling ball impact test 落球冲击试验fatigue test 疲劳试验 ferrite 纯铁体gantt chart 甘特图 heat cycle test 热循环试验histogram 柱状图 hot bend test 热弯试验izod impact test 埃左德冲击试验 loop tenacity 环结强度martens heat distortion temperature test 马顿斯耐热试验martensite 马氏体 mullen bursting strength tester 密廉式破裂强度试验机nol ring test 诺尔环试验 normal distribution 常态分配ozone resistance test 抗臭氧试验 pareto diagram 柏拉图peeling test 剥离试验 pinhole test 针孔试验机rattler test 磨耗试验rockweel hardness test 洛氏硬度试验rockweel hardness 洛氏威尔硬度 rolinx process 罗林克斯射出压缩成形法rossi-peakes flow test 罗西皮克斯流动试验 sampling inspection 抽样检查scratch hardness 抗刮硬度 shore hardness 萧氏硬度spiral flow test 螺旋流动试验 surface abrasion test 表面磨耗试验taber abraser 泰伯磨耗试验机 tensile impact test 拉伸冲击试验tensile strength 抗拉强度 tension test 张力试验thermal shock test 冷热剧变试验 torsion test 扭曲试验ubbelohde viscometer 乌别洛德黏度计 vicat indentation test 维卡针压陷试验Vickers hardness test 维氏硬度试验 warpage test 翘曲试验weatherometer 人工老化试验机 weissenberg effect 威森伯格回转效应锻铸造关连用语accretion 炉瘤 acid converter 酸性转炉acid lining cupola 酸性熔铁炉 acid open—hearth furnace 酸性平炉aerator 松砂机 air set mold 常温自硬铸模airless blasting cleaning 离心喷光 all core molding 集合式铸模all round die holder 通用模座 assembly mark 铸造合模记号back pouring 补浇注 backing sand 背砂base bullion 粗金属锭 base permeability 原砂透气度belling 压凸 billet 坏料bleed 漏铸 blocker 预锻模膛blocking 粗胚锻件 blow hole 铸件气孔board drop hammer 板落锤 bottom pour mold 底浇bottom pouring 底注 boxless mold 脱箱砂模break—off core 缩颈砂心 brick molding 砌箱造模法buckle 剥砂面 camber 错箱camlachie cramp 铸包 cast blade 铸造叶片casting flange 铸造凸缘 casting on flat 水平铸造chamotte sand 烧磨砂 charging hopper 加料漏斗cleaning of casting 铸件清理 closed—die forging 合模锻造core compound 砂心黏结剂 core template 砂心模板core vent 砂蕊排气孔 corner gate 压边浇口counter blow hammer 对击锻造 counter lock 止口镶嵌方式depression 外缩凹孔 die approach 模口角度draw out 锻造拔长 draw plate 起模板draw spike 起模长针 dummying 预锻embedded core 加装砂心 erosion 冲砂fettling 铸件清理 filling core 埋入砂心~filling in 填砂 film play 液面花纹finishing slag 炼后熔渣 flash gutter 锻模飞边槽flask molding 砂箱造模 forging roll 辊锻机formboard 进模口板 gutter 锻模飞边槽hammer man 锻工 heading machine 顶镦机impacter 卧式锻造机 inblock cast 整体铸造ingot 铸锭 ingot blank 铸坯inlay casting 镶铸法 investment casting 失模铸造isothermal forging 恒温锻造 loose piece 木模活块molding pit 铸模地坑 pouring process 浇注法recasting 重铸 roll forging 轧锻rolled surface 轧制表面 rough sand 粗砂roughing forge 粗锻 sand crushing 塌箱seamless forging 无缝锻造 separate 分离shave 崩砂 shrinkage fit 收缩配合shut height 闭合高度 sieve mesh 筛孔sintering of sand 铸砂烧贴 slag 熔渣slag inclusion 夹渣 stickness 黏模性strip layout 带状胚料排样法 tap casting 顶注top gate 顶注浇口 unworked casting 不加工铸件upender 翻转装置 upending 顶锻uphill casting 底铸 white cast iron 白口铸件品质、生产名称类QC quality control 品质管理人员FQC final quality control 终点品质管制人员IPQC in process quality control 制程中的品质管制人员OQC output quality control 最终出货品质管制人员IQC incoming quality control 进料品质管制人员TQC total quality control 全面质量管理POC passage quality control 段检人员QA quality assurance 质量保证人员OQA output quality assurance 出货质量保证人员QE quality engineering 品质工程人员品质保证类：FAI first article inspection 新品首件检查FAA first article assurance 首件确认TVR tool verification report 模具确认报告3B 3B 模具正式投产前确认CP capability index 能力指数CPK capability index of process 模具制程能力参数SSQA standardized supplier quality 合格供应商品质评估OOBA out of box audit 开箱检查QFD quality function deployment 品质机能展开FMEA failure model effectiveness analysis 失效模式分析8 disciplines 8项回复内容FA final audit 最后一次稽核CAR corrective action request 改正行动要求corrective action report 改正行动报告。
机械轴承及齿轮的分类
机械轴承和动力传送部件齿轮的分类一、轴承的分类轴承（Bearing）是当代机械设备中一种重要零部件。
它的主要功能是支撑机械旋转体，降低其运动过程中的摩擦系数，并保证其回转精度。
按运动元件摩擦性质的不同，轴承可分为滚动轴承和滑动轴承两大类。
其中滚动轴承已经标准化、系列化，但与滑动轴承相比它的径向尺寸、振动和噪声较大，价格也较高。
滚动轴承一般由外圈、内圈、滚动体和保持架四部分组成。
按滚动体的形状，滚动轴承分为球轴承和滚子轴承两大类。
轴承分类滑动轴承滑动轴承不分内外圈也没有滚动体，一般是由耐磨材料制成。
常用于低速，重载及加注润滑油及维护困难的机械转动部位。
关节轴承关节轴承的滑动接触表面为球面，主要适用于摆动运动、倾斜运动和旋转运动。
滚动轴承滚动轴承按其所能承受的载荷方向或公称接触角的不同分为向心轴承和推力轴承。
其中径向接触轴承为公称接触角为0的向心轴承，向心角接触轴承为公称接触角大于0到45的向心轴承。
轴向接触轴承为公称接触角为90的推力轴承，推力角接触轴承为公称接触角大于45但小于90的推力轴承。
按滚动体的形状可分为球轴承和滚子轴承。
滚子轴承按滚子种类分为：圆柱滚子轴承、滚针轴承、圆锥滚子轴承和调心滚子轴承。
按其工作时能否调心分为调心轴承----滚道是球面形的,能适应两滚道轴心线间的角偏差及角运动的轴承和非调心轴承(刚性轴承)----能阻抗滚道间轴心线角偏移的轴承。
按滚动体的列数分为单列轴承、双列轴承和多列轴承。
按其部件（套圈）能否分离分为可分离轴承和不可分离轴承。
按其结构形状(如有无装填槽,有无内、外圈以及套圈的形状,挡边的结构,甚至有无保持架等)还可以分为多种结构类型。
按其外径尺寸大小分为微型轴承（<26mm)、小型轴承（28-55mm）、中小型轴承（60-115）、中大型轴承（120-190mm）、大型轴承（200-430mm）和特大型轴承（>440mm）。
按应用领域分为电机轴承、轧机轴承、主轴承等。
重齿风电齿轮箱知识(A版)
一、齿轮箱基本认识
1、风电齿轮箱的结构 3）单级行星（半直驱） 目前我公司有的型号： FLD1500F
一、齿轮箱基本认识 1.1、风电齿轮箱的结构
4）两级行星 目前我公司有的型号： FLW3000J FLW3000C
一、齿轮箱基本认识 1.1、风电齿轮箱的结构
5）renk 目前我公司有的型号： FLA800 FLC750 该结构常见于Renk系列， 重点在于齿圈输入，行星 轮轴通过轴承连接到箱体 上，该结构的好处就是行 星齿轮上轴承外圈与箱体 连接，改进了轴承工作环 境，增加了轴承的使用寿 命；但不足是该结构加工 精度和装配要求高
一、齿轮箱基本认识 3、风电齿轮箱的轴承
轴承选用准则： 风力发电机组振动大，对轴承的安装有严格的工业标准规定。 振动会传到轴承滚道内产生磨损毛刺，破坏轴承滚道的润滑，造成 轴承失效。由于不同材料之间不易产生磨损破坏，箱体采用了球墨 铸铁，利用球墨铸铁较高的韧性、塑性、低温抗冲击值减少对轴承 的有害影响，我们根据轴承的动静负荷的计算方法，按照风电发电 机组对轴承寿命的要求，对轴承寿命进行校核计算。 目前风电行业多选用进口轴承（SKF、FAG、NSK、NKE、 TIMKEN等）。随着国内轴承技术的逐步提高，将来齿轮箱的轴承国 产化将会完全实现。
一、齿轮箱基本认识 2、风电齿轮箱的齿轮基础
齿轮材料的特性： 1、化学成分：
C（碳） 42CrMo A 17CrNiMo6 20CrMnMo 0.38-0.45 0.15-0.2 0.17~0.23 Si（硅） 0.17-0.37 0.4 0.17~0.37 Mn（锰） 0.5-0.8 0.4-0.6 0.90~1.20 Cr（铬） 0.9-1.2 1.5-1.8 1.10~1.40 1.4-1.7 Ni（铌） Mo（钼） 0.15-0.25 0.25-0.35 0.20~0.30
法士特双中间轴变速器培训讲义
勇于实践，争当人先，不断奋进。
我靠法士特生存，法士特靠我发展。
厂标 法士特：英文为 FAST 原意为快速的 可靠的、牢固的。
寓意为: 公司在未来将非常快速、可靠、稳定的发展。
法士特源自英文FAST的谐音,寓意是
法士特双中间轴变速器-----魅力无穷
陕西法士特齿轮有限责任公司（SFGW）(原陕西汽车齿轮总 厂)是中国最大的重型汽车变速器、分动器、取力器、汽车齿轮 和汽车锻件的大型专业化生产基地。
陕西法士特齿轮有限责任公司有 西安西郊、宝鸡蔡家坡和西安高新区 三大厂区。总部设于西安西郊厂内。 宝鸡蔡家坡厂区距总部120公里，有 高速公路直达，西安高新区厂区距总 部约10公里。
¾84年加入中国重型汽车集团:济汽、川汽、陕汽生产的重型车选用 RT-11509C变速器； ¾99年我公司脱离中国重型汽车集团后，法士特双中间轴变速器被广泛的 使用. ¾我们的用户:一汽、二汽、济汽、川汽、陕汽、欧曼重卡、北方奔驰、 十通厂、柳汽厂、徐重、浦沅的吊车、宝工、襄樊轨道车、上海汇众、 南汽、春兰汽车、三一重工、安徽星马、江淮格尔发重卡、洛阳富赛特、 一汽青岛、一汽长春专用车厂、一汽柳特,浙江青年、四川南俊、成都王 牌、白俄罗斯马兹汽车、俄罗斯卡马兹汽车等。
总经理李大开
● 员工
● 企业
● 市场
市场竞争就象是 爬坡，唯有全体员工 的共同努力，才能使 企业不断向上。
公司形象雕塑
企业精神
团结、务实、顽强、开拓
¾团结就是我们要上下一心，相互支持，具有团队精神。 ¾务实就是一切从实际出发，扎实工作，不搞浮夸，不骄不躁，
一步一个脚印，踏踏实实工作。 ¾顽强就是要有拼搏精神，敢于面对任何困难和压力，不屈服，
(完整版)汽车类机械翻译词汇讲解
中间齿轮intermediate gear(counter gear)副轴齿轮counter shaft gear副轴counter shaft变速器输入轴transmission imput shaft变速器输出轴transmission output shaft变速器主动齿轮轴transmission drive gear shaft变速器主轴transmission main shaft变速器中间轴transmission countershaft变速器轴的刚度rigidity of shaft变速齿轮比（变速比）transmission gear ratio传动比gear ratio主压力line pressure调制压力modulated pressure真空调制压力vacuum modulator pressure速控压力governor pressure缓冲压力compensator or trimmer pressure限档压力hold presure前油泵front pump (input pump )液力传动装置充油压力hydrodynamic unit change pressure 后油泵gear pump (output pump )回油泵scavenge oil pump调压阀pressure -regulator vavle电磁阀调压阀solenoid regulator valve液力变矩器旁通阀converter bypass valve速控阀governor valve选档阀selectro valve换档阀shift valve信号阀signal valve继动阀relay valve换档指令发生器shift pattern generator档位指示器shift indicator(shift torwer)先导阀priority valve流量阀flow valve重迭阀overlap valve液力减速器控制阀retarder control valve液力起步fluid start零速起动stall start液力变矩器锁止converter lockup全液压自动换档系统hydraulic automatic control system电液式自动换档系统electronic -hydraulic automatiec换档shift升档upshift降档downshift动力换档power shfit单向离合器换档freewheel shfit人工换档manual shfit自动换档automaitc shfit抑制换档inhibited shift超限换档overrun shift强制换档forced shift换档点shift point叶片转位blade angle shift换档滞后shift hysteresis换档循环shift schedule换档规律process of power shift动力换档过程timing换档定时property of automatic shift换档品质property of automatic shft换档元件engaging element换档机构gearshift操纵杆control lever变速杆stick shift(gear shift lever)（副变速器）变速杆range selector变速叉shifting fork (gear shift fork)分动箱控制杆transfer gear shift fork变速踏板gear shift pedal变速轨（拨叉道轨）shift rail直接变速direct change(direct control)方向盘式变速column shift (handle change)按钮控制finger-tip control槽导变速gate change空档位置neutral position直接驱动direct drive高速档top gear(high gear)低速档bottom gear(low speed gear)第一档first gear第二档second gear超速档overdirve gear经济档economic gear倒档reverse gear爬行档creeper gear驱动特性drive performance反拖特性coast performance定输入扭矩特性constant input torque performance 全油门特性full throttle performance寄生损失特性no load (parasitic losses)performance 原始特性primary characteristic响应特性response characteristic吸收特性absorption characteristic全特性total external characteristic输入特性characteristic of enhance输出特性characteristic of exit力矩特性torque factor(coefficient of moment)过载系数overloading ratio变矩系数torque ratio能容系数capacity factorr几何相似geometry similarity运动相似kinematic similarity动力相似dynamic similarity透穿性transparency万向节和传动轴universal joint and drive shaft万向节universal joint非等速万向节nonconstant velocity universal joint 等速万向节constant velocity universal joint准等速万向节near constant velocity universal joint 自承式万向节self-supporting universal joint非自承式万各节non self suporting universal joint 回转直径swing diameter等速平面constant velocity plane万向节夹角true joint angle十字轴式万向节cardan (hookes)universal joint万向节叉yoke突缘叉flange york滑动叉slip yoke滑动节，伸缩节slip joint花键轴叉slip shaft yoke轴管叉（焊接叉）tube(weld yoke)十字轴cross(spider)十字轴总成cross assembly挠性元件总成flexible universal joint球销式万向节flexible member assembly双柱槽壳housing球环ball球头轴ball head球头钉button中心球和座centering ball and seat球笼式万向节rzeppa universal joint钟形壳outer race星型套inner race保持架cage可轴向移动的球笼式万向节plunging constant velocity joint筒形壳cylinder outer race柱形滚道星形套inner race withcylinder ball grooves 偏心保持架non-concentric cage滚动花键球笼式万向节ball spline rzeppa universal joint外壳outer housing内壳体inner housing球叉式万向节weiss universal joint球叉ball yoke定心钢球centering ball三球销万向节tripod universal joint三柱槽壳housing三销架spider双联万向节double cardan universal joint凸块式万向节tracta universal joint凸块叉fork yoke榫槽凸块tongue and groove couplijng凹槽凸块groove coupling传动轴drive shaft(propeller shaft)传动轴系drive line传动轴形式drive shaft type两万向节滑动的传动轴two -joint inboard slip ddiveshaft 两万向节外侧滑动传动轴two joint ouboard slip drive shaft 单万向节传动轴single joint coupling shaft组合式传动轴unitized drive shaft传动轴减振器drive shaft absorber传动轴中间轴承drive shaft center bearing传动轴管焊接合件weld drive shaft tube assembly 传动轴特征长度drive shaft length传动轴谐振噪声resonant noise of rive shaft传动轴的临界转速critical speed of drive shaft传动轴总成的平衡balance of drive shaft assembly 允许滑动量slip相位角phase angle传动轴安全圈drive shaft safety strap驱动桥drive axle(driving axle)类型type断开式驱动桥divided axle非独立悬架式驱动桥rigid dirve axle独立悬架式驱动桥independent suspension drive axle转向驱动桥steering drive axle贯通式驱动桥tandem axles“三速”贯通轴"three-speed" tandem axles单驱动桥single drive axle多桥驱动multiaxle drive减速器reducer主减速器final drive单级主减速器single reduction final drive双级主减速器double reduction final drive前置式双级主减速器front mounted double reduction final drive后置式双级主减速器rear mounted double reduction final drive上置式双级主减速器top mounted double reducton final drive行星齿轮式双级主减速器planetary double reduction final drive贯通式主减速器thru-drive双速主减速器two speed final drive行星齿轮式双速主减速器two speed planetary final drive双级双速主减速器two speed double reduction final drive轮边减速器wheel reductor(hub reductro)行星圆柱齿轮式轮边减速器planetary wheel reductor行星锥齿轮式轮边减速器differential geared wheel reductor(bevelepicyclick hub reductor) 外啮合圆柱齿轮式轮边减速器spur geared wheel reductor差速器differential锥齿轮式差速器bevel gear differential圆柱齿轮式差速器spur gear differential防滑式差速器limited -slip differential磨擦片式自锁差速器multi-disc self -locking differential凸轮滑滑块自锁差速器self-locking differential with side ring and radial cam plate 自动离合式自锁差速器automotive positive locking differential强制锁止式差速器locking differential液压差速器hydraulic differential轴间差速器interaxial differential差速器壳differential carrieer(case)主降速齿轮final reduction gear驱动轴减速比axle ratio总减速比total reduction ratio主降速齿轮减速比final reduction gear ratio双减速齿轮double reduction gear差速器主齿轮轴differential pinion-shaft差速器侧齿轮differential side gear行星齿轮spider gear(planetary pinion)螺旋锥齿轮spiral bevel gear双曲面齿轮hypoid gear格里林齿制gleason tooth奥林康型齿制oerlikon tooth锥齿轮齿数number of teeth in bevel gears and hypoid gears锥齿轮齿宽face width of tooth in bevel gears and hypoid gears 平面锥齿轮plane bevel gear奥克托齿形octoid form平顶锥齿轮contrate gear齿面接触区circular tooth contact齿侧间隙backlash in circular tooth差速器十字轴differential spider差速器锁止机构differential locking -device差速器锁止系数differential locking factor差速器壳轴承carrier bearing桥壳axle housing整体式桥壳banjo housing可分式桥壳trumpet-type axle housing组合式桥壳unitized carrier-type axle housing对分式桥壳split housing冲压焊接桥壳press-welding axle housing钢管扩张桥壳expanded tube axle housing锻压焊接桥壳forge welding axle housing整体铸造式桥壳cast rigid axle housing半轴axle shaft全浮式半轴full-floating axle shaft半浮式半轴semi-floating axle shaft四分之三浮式半轴three-quarter floating axle shaft 驱动桥最大附着扭矩slip torque驱动桥额定桥荷能力rating axle capactiy驱动桥减速比driveaxle ratio驱动桥质量drive axle mass单铰接式摆动轴single-joint swing axle双铰接式摆动轴double joint swig axle悬架系suspension system悬架suspension类型type非独立悬架rigid axle suspension独立悬架independent suspension平衡悬架equalizing type of suspension 组合式悬架combination suspension可变刚度悬架variable rate suspension纵置板簧式parallel leaf spring type上置板簧式over slung type下置板簧式under slung type双横臂式double with-bone arm type横置板簧式transversal leaf spring type 双纵臂式double trailing arm type单横臂式single transverse arm type 双横臂式double -wishbone type单横臂式singe trailing arm type双纵臂式double-trailing arm type单斜臂式single oblique arm tyep四连杆式four link type扭矩套管式torque tube drive type第迪安式De Dion type烛式sliding pillar type麦弗逊式MacPherson type金属弹簧式metal spring type空气弹簧式air spring type油气弹簧式hydro-pneumatic spring type 橡胶液体弹簧式hydro-rubber spring type橡胶弹簧式rubber spring type液体弹簧式hydraulic spring type三点悬架three-point suspension四点悬架four-point suspension部件assembly and parts悬架臂suspension arm上悬架臂upper suspension arm控制臂control arm上控制臂upper control arm下控制臂lower control arm纵臂trailing arm横臂transverse arm斜臂oblique arm支撑梁support beam横向推力杆lateral rod纵向推力杆longitudinal rod拉杆tension rod压杆strut bar支撑杆strut bar扭矩套管torque tube变截面弹簧tapered spring钢板弹簧leaf spring(laminated spring) 副钢板弹簧auxiliary spring非对称钢板弹簧unsymmetrical leaf spring单片式钢板弹簧single leaf spring多片式钢板弹簧muotileaved spring纵向钢板弹簧longitudinal leaf spring螺旋弹簧coil spring (helicalspring)空气弹簧air spring囊式空气弹簧bellow type air spring膜式空气弹簧diaphragm typeair spring橡胶弹簧rubber spring type液体弹簧hydraulic spring油气弹簧hydro-pneumatic spring type单气室油气弹簧single chamber hydragas spring双气室油气弹簧double chamber hydragas spring液体弹簧hydraulic spring底盘弹簧chassis spring四分之一椭圆形弹簧quarter elliptic spring半椭圆形弹簧half-elliptic spring(semi-elliptic spring) 四分之三椭圆形弹簧three quarter elliptic spring全椭圆形弹簧full elliptic spring悬臂弹簧cantilever spring簧上质量sprung weight簧下质量unsprung weight垫上弹簧载荷量spring capacity at pad地面弹簧载荷量spring capacity at ground弹簧静挠度spring static deflection弹簧跳动间隙bump clearance of spring弹簧中心距distance between spring centers减振器shock absorber筒式减振器telescopic shock absorber油压缓冲器hydraulic buffer负荷调平式减振器load -levelling shock absorber 液压减振器dydraulic shock absorber可调减振器adjustable shock absorber摇臂式减振器lever type shock absorber磨擦式减振器frictional shock absorber充气减振器gas-filled shock absorber动力减振器dynamic shock absorber减振器卸荷阀shock absorber relief valve减振器进油阀shock absorber intake valve 减振器示功图damper indicator diagram减振器液damper fluid横向稳定器stabilizer anti-roll bar滑动座sliding seat滑板sliding plate弹簧架spring bracket弹簧主片spring leaf钢板弹簧吊耳leaf spring shackle钢板弹簧衬套leaf spring bushing钢板弹簧销leaf spring pin弹簧卷耳spring eyeU 型螺栓U bolt钢板弹簧中心螺栓leaf spring center bolt橡胶衬套rubber bushing缓冲块buffer stopper限位块limiting stopper平衡轴trunnion shaft平衡轴支座trunnion base臂轴arm shaft平横臂equalizer螺纹衬套screw bushing（车身）高度阀levelling valve车架auxiliary tank整体车架unitized frame上弯式梁架upswept frame (kick up frame) 短型车架stub frame发动机支架engine mounting半径杆radius rod平衡杆stabilizer bar制动反应杆brake reaction rod分开式车身和车架separated body and frame车轮wheel车轮尺寸名称wheelsize designation车轮类型wheel type单式车轮single wheel双式车轮dual wheel整体轮毂式车轮wheel with integral hub 组装轮辋式车轮demountable rim wheel 对开式车轮divided wheel可调车轮adustable wheel辐板式车轮disc wheel可反装式车轮reversible wheel辐条式车轮wire wheel安装面attachment face安装面直径attachment face diameter 双轮中心距dual spacing半双轮中心距half dual spacing轮缘flange固定轮缘fixed flange轮缘规格代号flange size disignation 轮缘高度flange height轮缘半径flange radius轮级端部半径flange edge radius轮级宽度flange width内轴承座肩inner bearing cup shoulder 内移距inset横向跳动lateral run-out外移距outset径向跳动radius run-out轮辋rim轮辋尺寸名称rim size disignation轮辋宽度rim width标定轮辋宽度specified rim width轮辋直径rim diameter标定轮辋直径specified rim diameter轮辋类型rim types整体式（深槽式）one-piece(drop -center DC) 半深槽式semi-drop center (SDC)二件式two-piece三件式three-piece四件式four-piece轮毂座hub seat五件式five-piece轮辋轮廓类型rim contour classification深槽轮辋drop center rim(DC)深槽宽轮辋wide drop center rim(WDC) 半深槽轮辋semi-drop center rim(SDC)平底轮辋flat base rim平底宽轮辋wide flat base rim (WFB)全斜底轮辋full tapered bead seat rim (TB) 可拆卸轮辋demountable rim wheel对开式轮辋divided rim(DT)轮辋基体rim base轮辋基体偏移距rim base offset轮辋偏移距rim bevel distance气门嘴孔valve hole气门嘴孔的位置rim hole location锁圈槽gutter锁圈槽沟gutter groove锁圈槽顶gutter tip隔圈spaceband隔圈宽度spacerband width标定轮辋直径specified rim diameter标定轮辋宽度specified rim width花键spline弹性锁圈spring lock ring辐条式车轮轮毂shell (wire shell)轮辋槽well槽角well angle槽深well depth槽底半径well iner radius槽的位置well position槽顶圆角半径well radius top槽宽度well width中心孔center hole中心线center line夹紧块clamp夹紧螺栓clamping bolt锥型座（螺帽定位用）cone seat (for retaining nut)可拆卸档圈detachable endless flange可拆卸弹簧档圈detachable spring flange可拆卸锥形座圈detachable endless taper bead seat ring 轮辐disc辐条wire spoke零移距zeroset弯距bending moment动态径向疲劳试验dynamic radial fatigue test横向疲劳试验cornering fatigue test轴安装axel mounting轴颈安装journal mounting孔径bore轮胎tyre (tire)轮胎系列tyre series轮胎规格tyre size轮胎标志tyre marking速度符号speed symbol胎面磨耗标志tread wear indicator骨架材料framework material层数number of plies层级ply rating外胎cover内胎inner tube胀大轮胎grown tyre充气轮胎pneumatic tyre新胎new tyre有内胎轮胎tubed tyre无内胎轮胎tubeless tyre水胎curing bag保留生产轮胎reserved old series of tyre 普通断面轮胎conventional section tyre 低断面轮胎low section tyre超低断面轮胎super low section tyre宽基轮胎wide base tyre斜交轮胎diagonal tyre子午线轮胎radial ply tyre活胎面轮胎removable tread tyre越野轮胎cross-country tyre沙漠轮胎sand tyre浇注轮胎cast tyre调压轮胎adjustable inflation tyre海棉轮胎foam filled tyre常压轮胎atomospheric pressure tyre 内支撑轮胎internal supporter tyre拱形轮胎arch tyre椭圆形轮胎elliptical tyre实心轮胎solid tyre粘结式实心轮胎cured on solid tyre非粘结式实心轮胎pressed on solid tyre圆柱实心轮胎cylindrical base solid tyre 斜底实心轮胎conical base solid tyre抗静电实心轮胎anti-static solid tyre导电实心轮胎conductive solid tyre耐油实心轮胎oil-resistance solid tyre高负荷实心轮胎high load capacity solid tyre 胎面花纹treadpattern纵向花纹circumferetial pattern横向花纹transverse pattern公路花纹highway tread pattern越野花纹cross-country tread pattern 混合花纹dual purpose tread pattern 定向花纹directional tread pattern雪泥花纹mud and snow pattern花纹细缝pattern sipe花纹块pattern block花纹条pattern rib花纹沟groove花纹加强盘tie-bar of pattern花纹角度pattern angle花纹纹深度pattern depth花纹展开图patttern plan光胎面smooth tread胎冠crown胎面tread胎面行驶面tread cap胎面基部tread base胎面基部胶tread slab base胎面过渡胶transition rubber of tread 缓冲层breaker带束层belt缓冲胶片breaker strip包边胶tie-in strip完带层cap ply胎体carcass帘面层cord ply隔离胶insulation rubber封口胶sealing rubber胎里tyre cavity内衬层inside liner气密层innerliner胎肩shoulder胎肩区shoulder area胎肩垫胶shoulder wedge胎侧sidewall屈挠区flexing area胎侧胶sidewall rubber装饰胎侧decorative sidewall装饰线decorative rib装配线fitting line防擦线胎圈bead钢丝圈bead ring钢丝包胶wire covering胎圈座bead seat胎圈座角度beat seat angle胎圈座圆角半径bead seat radius胎圈座宽度bead seat width可选择的胎圈座轮廓bead seat optional contours 凹陷型center-pente(CP)平峰型flat hump(FH)凸峰型round hump(RH)特殊座架special ledge(SL)胎圈芯bead core三角胶apex胎圈补强带bead reinforcing strip胎圈包布chafer胎圈外护胶bead filler rubber胎踵bead heel胎趾bead toe胎圈底部bead base内胎胎身tube body断面宽度断面高度section height高宽比（H/S）aspect ratio(H/S)外直径overall diameter自由半径free radius转向系steering system类型type机械转向系manual steering system动力转向系power steering system转向操纵机构steering control mechanism直列式转向器in-line steering gear四边联杆式转向机构parallelogram linkage steering整体式动力转向机构integral type power steering总成和部件assemblies and parts转向万向节steering universal joint转向传动轴steering inner articulated shaft转向管柱steering column球轴承套管式转向管柱tube and ball type steering column 可伸缩式转向管柱telescopic steering column折叠式转向管柱collapsible steering column倾斜和缩进式转向管柱tilt and telescopic steering column 吸能式转向管柱energy-absorbing steering column 网络状转向柱管转向轴steering shaft转向横轴cross shaft转向盘steering wheel倾斜式方向盘tilt steering wheel机构转向器manual steering gear蜗杆滚轮式转向器worm and roller steering gear转向器盖cover of steering gear壳体housing转向蜗杆steering worm滚轮roller滚轮轴roller shaft侧盖side cover摇臂轴pitman arm shaft循环球式转向器recirculating ball steering gear循环球和螺母式转向器recirculating ball and nut steering gear循环球齿条齿扇式转向器recirculating ball-rack and sector steering gear 转向螺母steering nut钢球ball转向螺杆steering screw循环球-曲柄销式转向器recirculating ball-lever and peg steering gear 指销stud蜗杆指销式转向器转向齿轮steering pinion转向齿条steering rack动力转向器power steering stgear整体式动力转向器integral power steering gear常压式液压动力转向器constant pressure hydraulic power steering gear 常流式液压动力转向器constant flow hydraulic power steering gear螺杆螺线式转向器screw and nut steering gear蜗杆指销式转向器worm and peg steering gear齿轮齿条式转向器rack and pinion steering gear变传动比转向器steering gear with variable ratio转向控制阀steering control valve滑阀式转向控制器spool valve type阀体valve housing滑阀valve spool转阀式转向控制阀rotary valve type扭杆torsion bar转向动力缸power cylinder转向油泵power steerig pump转向油罐oil reservoir转向传动杆系steering linkage动力转向系布置power steering system layout反作用阀reactive valve梯形转向机构ackerman steering整体式转向梯形杆系ackerman steering linkdage分段式转向梯形杆系divided ackerman steering linkage 中间转向杆intermediate steering rod转向摇臂pitman arm转向直拉杆steering drag link中间转向联杆center steering linkdage端部螺塞end plug球头销ball stud球头座ball cup压缩弹簧compression spring梯形机构tie rod linkage梯形臂tie rod arm转向横拉杆steering tie rod接头socket横拉杆端接头tie rod end分段式梯形机构split tie rod type tie rod linkage摆臂swing arm动力转向power steering气压式动力转向air-power steering液压式动力转向hydraulic power steerig液压常流式动力转向hydraulic constant flow type power steering 液压储能式动力转向hydraulic accumulator power steering慢速转向slow steeirng快速转向fast steering (quick steering)过度转向oversteering转向不足understeering转向系刚度steering system stiffness转向盘自由行程free play of steering wheel转向器转动力矩rotating torque of steering gear转向力矩steering mometn转向阻力矩steering resisting torque转向力steering force转向传动比steering gear ratio (steering ratio0恒定转向传动比constant ratio steering可变转向传动比variable ratio steering转向系角传动比steering system angle ratio转向器角传动比steering gear angle ratio转向传动机构角传动比steering linkage angle ratio转向器传动效率steerign gear efficiency正效率forward efficiency逆效率reverse efficiency转向器扭转刚度torsional stiffness of steering gear转向盘总圈数total number of steering wheel turns转向器总圈数total turns of steering gaer转向器传动间隙steering gar cleanrance摇臂轴最大转角max.rotating angle of pitman arm shaft转向摇臂最大摆角max. Swing angle of steering pitman arm转向器反驱动力矩reverse rotating torque of steering gear转向器最大输出扭矩steering gear max. Output torque最大工作压力max. Working pressure额定工作压力rated working pressure转向油泵理论排量theoretical displacement of pump限制流量limited flow转向控制阀预开隙pre-opened play of steering contol valve转向控制阀全开隙totally -opened play of steering control valve转向控制阀内泄漏量internal leakage in steering control valve转向控制阀压力降pressure loss in steering control valve转向器角传动比特性steering gear angle ratio characteristic转向器传动间隙特性steering gear clearance characterstic转向器传动效率特性steering gear efficeieny characteristic转向力特性steering force characteristic动力转向系灵敏度特性power steering systme response characteristic转向控制阀压力降特性steeirn gcontrol valve presrue loss characteristtic 前桥front axle工字梁I-beam双工字梁twin I-beam非驱动桥dead axle转向节steering knuckle挂车转向装置steering system of trailer中央主销式转向装置central king pin type steering systme 无主销转向装置no king pin type steering system全杆式转向装置all linkage tyep steering system球销式转向节ball and socket steering knuckle转向节止推轴承steering knuckle thrust bearing前轮轴front wheel spindle转向盘轴steering spindle转向节轴knuckle spindle转向节臂steering knuckle arm（转向节）主销knuckle pin(King pin)反拳式前桥reverse elliott axle反拳式转向节reverse elliott steering knuckle叉式前桥elliott type axle叉式转向节elliott steering knuckle制动系braking ssytem类型tyep行车制动系统service braking sytem应急制动系统secondary (emergency )braking sytem 驻车制动系统parking braking system辅助制动系统auxiliary braking system自动制动系统automatic braking sytem人力制动系统muscular energy braking sytem助力制动系统energy assisted braking system动力制动系统non-muscular energy braking system 惯性制动系统inertial braking styem重力制动系统gravity braking sytem单回路制动系统single-circuit braking system双回路制动系统dual -ciurcuit braking system单管路制动系统single-line braking system双管路制动系统dual braking sytem多管路制动系统multi-line braking sytem连续制动系统continuous braking sytem半连续制动系统semi-continuous braking sytemm非连续制动系统non-continuous braking system伺服制动系统servo braking system液压制动系统hydraulic braking sytem电磁制动系统electormagnetic braking sytem机械制动系统mechanical braking sytem组合制动系统combination braking sytem基本术语bsic terms制动装备braking equipment组成部件constituent elements制动力学braking mechanics渐进制动gradual braking制动能源braking energy source制动力矩braking torque总制动力total braking force干扰后效制动力矩distrubing residual braking torque总制动距离total braking distance有效制动距离active braking distance制动力分配率braking force distaribution rate制动效能因素（制动强度）braking efficiency factro制动力braking work瞬时制动功率instantaneous braking power保护压力rptection pressure报警压力alarm pressure制动系滞后braking system hysteresis制动效果百分数percentage of the braking efficiency停车距离（制动距离）stopping distance充分发出的平均减速度mean fully developed braking deceleration (MFDD) 制动反应时间reaction time促动时间actuating time初始反应时间initial response time制动力增长时间build-up time of braking force 有效制动时间active braking time释放时间release time驾驶员反应时间reaction time of driver机构滞后时间mechanism hysteresis time增长时间build-up time of braking force 主制动时间main braking time总制动时间total braking tiem停车时间stopping tiem开启行程opening travel空行程spare travel中间行程mid-travel制动储备行程reserve brake travel断油行程cut-off travel行程损失loss of travel缩小比（减压比）reduction ratio回缩retraction两片法two-plate method单片法single-plate method含水量moistrue content单轮控制individual wheel control多轮控制multi wheel control轴控制axle control边控制side control对角控制diagonal control组合多轴控制combined multi-axle control 可变选择variable selection最低控制速度minimum control speed传感器信号选择sensor signal低选择select -low高选择select-high预定选择predetermined selectin车轮选择selection by wheel平均选择average selecton分辨率resolution rate控制周期control cycle控制频率control frequency控制力control force作用力control froce制动器效能因素application force制动器材的滞后brake hysteresis制动器输出力矩brake output torque制动器额定力矩brake rating torque制动蹄效能因素brake shoe efficiency factro制动蹄作用压力application pressure of brake shoe assebmly 制动蹄释放压力release pressure of brake shoe最大制动蹄中心升程maximum shoe centre lift制动鼓直径drum diameter制动鼓宽度drum width制动鼓厚度drum thickness制动盘厚度disc thickness（鼓或盘）的摩擦面积swept area制动衬片吸收功率power absorption of lining制动衬片包角lining arc制动衬片单位面积制动力lining drag衬片摩擦系数lining mu衬片摩擦面积/每轴lining area/axle衬片摩擦面积/每个制动器lining area/brake踏板行程pedal travel踏板自由行程free pedal travel踏板最大行程maximum pedal travel踏板力pedal effort有效踏板长度effective pedal length踏板速比pedal velocity ratio踏板回位弹簧力pedal return spring load踏板回位弹簧刚度pedal return spring rate制动初速度initial speed of braking制动减速度braking deceleration瞬时制动减速度instantaneous braking deceleration 平均制动减速度mean braking deceleration最大制动减速度maximum braking deceleration石油基制动液petroleum base brake fluid非石油基制动液non-petroleum base brake fluid最低湿沸点minimum wet boiling point防冻液anti-freeze liquid冷却液cooling liquid供能装置energy supplying device真空泵vacuum pump喷射器ejector真空罐（筒）vacuum tank空压机air compressor气缸盖cylinder head气缸体cylinder block活塞piston火塞环piston ring连杆connecting rod活塞销piston pin曲轴crank shaft进气阀intake valve排气阀exhaust valve储气罐（筒）air storage reservoir调压阀pressure regulating valve单向阀single check valve止回阀、单向阀check valve滤清器filter进气滤清器air intake filter排气滤清器air exhaust filter管路滤清器line filter滤网（芯）strainer油水分离器oil and water seperator防冻器aiti-freezer空气干燥器air dryer排放阀drain valve压力保护阀pressrue protection valve控制装置control device行车制动踏板装置service braking pedal device 制动踏板braking pedal踏板护套pedal pad踏板支架pedal brackeet衬套bushing套管collar销轴axis pin回位弹簧retruen spring驻车制动操纵装置parking brake control device 操纵杆control lever操纵杆支架control lever bracket操纵杆导套control lever guide collar齿杆（棘轮）rod rack(ratchet)棘抓ratchet pawl操纵揽绳control cable平衡臂equalizer拉杆（拉绳）pull rod(pull wire)拉杆导套pull rod guide collar制动杆brake lever手制动杆hand lever气制动阀aire brake valve单腔气制动阀single-chamber air brake valve 推杆plunger气阀air valve平衡弹簧equalizing spring膜片diaphragm双腔气制动阀dual-chamber air brake valve串列式双腔气制动阀series dual -chamber air brake valve并列式双腔气制动阀parallel dual-chamber air brake valve三腔气制动阀triple-chamber air brake valve三通路控制阀three way control valve双向止回阀（双通单向阀）dual way check valve继动阀relay valve快放阀quick release valve继动快放阀relay and quick release valve挂车制动阀trailer braking valve挂车制动应急继动阀trailer braking relay emergency valve挂车制动保护阀trailer braking protecton valve挂车制动放松阀trailer braking relax valve手控制动阀hand braking valve传能装置transmission device制动主缸brake master cylinder有补偿孔式制动主缸compensating brake master cylinder无补偿孔式制动主缸portless brake master cylinder串列双腔式制动主缸series dual chamber brake master cylinder 盘式制动器制动缸disc brake cylinder双腔制动主缸tandem master cylinder主腔。
C F K S齿轮马达使用说明书
C/F/K/S齿轮马达使用说明书08/2021重要提示1 安全说明2 技术说明 2.1 铭牌说明2.2 型号表示方法2.3 齿轮马达的噪声水平 2.4 温升2.5 注意事项3 安装与拆卸 3.1 安装前的注意事项 3.2 准备工作3.3 齿轮马达的整机安装 3.4 齿轮马达空心轴的安装 3.5 齿轮马达空心轴的拆卸 3.6 扭力臂的安装3.7 输入部分和马达间的安装3.8 齿轮马达的拆卸4 安装方位 4.1 安装方位的说明4.2 安装方位页面的说明5 润滑/冷却/加热 5.1 润滑油的选择5.2 润滑油的注油量5.3 润滑油的更换5.4 加热5.5 逆止机构6 使用 6.1 润滑油添加6.2 设备检查6.3 起动7 检查与维护 7.1 定期检查与维护7.2 检查与维护的周期7.3 检查与维护的注意事项8 故障处理9 马达概述 9.1 说明9.2 产品适用范围01 02 02 02 03 05 05 05 06 06 06 06 07 08 09 09 10 10 10 10 17 17 17 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 21 21 21 21 22 22 22 2210 一般要求 10.1 起动11 使用说明 11.1 运行环境11.2 安全要素11.3 遵守规则12 管理 12.1 储存12.2 运输13 电气联接 13.1 概述13.2 接线指示图（标配）14 维护 14.1 概论14.2 轴承润滑14.3 制动器的维护14.4 变频马达的维护特点15 售后服务23 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 25 27 27 27 27 28 32有害情况：可能产生的后果：损坏传动装置和环境在安装操作过程中，请注意本说明书中的安全提示和警告提示！使用建议和有用的信息遵守本手册的规定可以让装置无故障运行，同时也满足质量缺陷索赔的要求，因此在使用传动装置进行工作之前，请您先阅读本说明书；◆本说明书包含重要的安装维护提示，请将说明书保管在靠近设备的位置，以便安装维护参阅。
齿轮箱基础知识培训讲义
船用齿轮箱常识
（三）、齿轮箱安装知识 输入端与柴油机的联接一般采用弹性联轴器联结.输
出端一般采用刚性联轴器联结
（四）、船用齿轮箱结构简介
➢主要功能：
• 倒、顺车
并联两套离合器布置，液压操纵换向
• 减速
减速比：大齿轮齿数/小齿轮齿数
• 离合
多片湿式摩擦离合器，接排柔和，减小换向冲击
• 承受螺旋桨推力
2.齿轮、齿轮轴类零件一般采用优质低碳合金钢 （20CrMnMoH、20CrMnTi、17CrNiMo6）锻造、 渗碳淬火处理。齿轮精度一般要求7级以上，齿轮 箱传递效率在96％以上
3.离合器采用液压操纵湿式多片摩擦离合器 4.箱体一般选用灰铸铁（HT200、HT250），单件
生产时用（Q235）钢板焊接
MG32.35、MG36.39、MG39.41、 MG42.45、MG45.49、MG49.54、 MG49.0.76、 MG66.75、MG70.85、MG75.90。
船用齿轮箱常识
（二）、齿轮箱主要零件
1.轴、联轴节类零件一般采用优质合金钢（40Cr、 42CrMoA）锻造、调质处理
扭振计算需要参数
• 主机参数： 厂家、型号、额定功率、额定转速、最低 稳定转速、缸径、缸数、曲柄半径、连杆 长度、单缸往复质量、机械效率、发火顺 序、曲轴曲柄销内、外直径及曲轴材料抗 拉强度、当量系统示意图、转动惯量及扭 转刚度
• 明确信号类型、数量。 • 常用开关量控制器（压力控制器参数：
YWK-50-C，温度控制器参数：型号： WTZK-50-C，触头容量：交流 380V/3.0A、直流220V/2.5A ） • 模拟量传感器（报警信号为无源开关量 信号（触点容量：24V/5A），压力/温 度信号输出为4～20mA标准输出 ）
主轴承和齿轮箱故障的逻辑诊断
主轴承和齿轮箱故障的逻辑诊断1、功能简介驱动组件的关键部分是主轴承，同时也是TBM主机最关键部件。
由传动轴传输的动力，通过主轴承传递给刀盘，进而带动刀盘旋转。
刀盘破岩时的巨大推力由主轴承的双排推力滚子承受，而主轴承自身重量则由轴承径向滚子承担。
主轴承内部机件一旦损坏，在洞内几乎无法更换，隧道掘进工程将陷于瘫痪。
2、结构组成及工作原理2.1结构组成主轴承由8个小驱动齿轮轴组件、大齿圈（轴承内圈，与刀盘相连接）、前部单排推力滚子、后部双排推力滚子、径向支承滚子、保持架、内外迷宫密封等主要部件构成（结构图详见《TBM技术资料》第四卷3010249号图）。
为保证轴承工作正常，专门设计了轴承的油润滑系统及相应的油冷却系统，轴承内外迷宫的脂润滑系统，以及定期监测轴承滚子、滚道、保持架磨损情况的电涡流ECMS系统。
2.2工作原理（1）动力传递路线：传动轴动力经小齿轮轴组件传递给主轴承内圈上的大齿圈（该大齿圈与刀盘通过液压张紧螺栓连接成一个整体），进而带动刀盘旋转；（2）主轴承的润滑方式有浸油润滑和强制压力润滑二种，分别润滑小齿轮轴组件两端轴承、大小啮合齿轮、各类滚子、滚道。
润滑原理图见《TBM技术资料》第四卷3109113号图；（3）为避免刀盘旋转时粉尘、石渣侵入主轴承结构内部，在主轴承与刀盘连接处内外迷宫部位设置了润滑脂密封系统，润滑系统图见《TBM技术资料》第四卷3109113号图；（4）为防止轴承长期高温工作，使润滑油的运动粘度始终保持在合理的工作范围，特设了润滑油冷却系统，工作原理见《TBM技术资料》第四卷号图31091133、状态检测附注：主轴承光谱、铁谱分析标准主轴承光谱、铁谱趋势分析标准主轴承光谱分析05101520253002004006008001000hourμg /g (p p m )主轴承光谱分析-0.0500.050.10.150.20.250.30.350.40.45hourμg /g (p p m )主轴承光谱分析-0.500.511.522.533.544.55hourμg /g (p p m )主轴承光谱分析051015202502004006008001000hourμg /g (p p m )主轴承铁谱分析00.10.20.30.40.50.6020040060080010001200hour主轴承铁谱分析-5000500100015002000250030003500hour4、 故障现象及故障原因逻辑分析4.1主轴承运转是否异常的故障现象分类如下表：主轴承铁谱分析020406080100120140050010001500hour4.2 故障原因逻辑分析1、主轴承润滑系统工作异常故障现象1.1 油温过高故障现象1.2 流量不足故障现象2.3滤芯堵塞2、主轴承脂润滑系统故障（祥见油润滑、脂润滑系统故障的逻辑诊断）故障现象2.1脂泵系统故障故障现象2.2 脂泵气路故障。
齿轮箱中间轴轴承结构
齿轮箱中间轴轴承结构
齿轮箱中间轴轴承结构通常采用滚动轴承或滑动轴承。
滚动轴承通常采用圆柱滚子轴承或角接触球轴承。
圆柱滚子轴承可以承受较大的径向和轴向负荷，适用于高速运转的齿轮箱。
角接触球轴承具有较高的刚度和较小的运动惯量，适用于较高的运转速度。
滑动轴承通常采用滑动螺旋锥面轴承或滑动铜套轴承。
滑动螺旋锥面轴承由由一对内外圆锥面和中和圆柱面组成，利用油膜分离滑动面，具有较大的径向和轴向负荷承载能力。
滑动铜套轴承通常用于低速运转的齿轮箱，具有较好的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性。
齿轮箱中间轴轴承结构还可以根据具体的应用需求，设计成双向或单向的轍形结构，以便实现更高的传动效率和可靠性。
另外，在齿轮箱中间轴承结构中，还常常使用密封装置和润滑系统来保护轴承，延长使用寿命。
Chockfast
CHOCKFAST ORANGEAPPLICATION PROCEDURE 环氧树脂施工工艺主机垫块SHANGHAI GOLTENSMARINE MACHINERY & MAINTENANCE CO., LTD.上海高尔登船舶机械配件有限公司PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version 2014全国一级建造师资格考试备考资料真题集锦建筑工程经济建筑工程项目管理建筑工程法规专业工程管理与实务Chockfast Orange环氧树脂施工工艺高尔登公司Chockfast主机垫块施工工艺一、准备工作1. 轴系对中及曲轴的挠曲度测量数据应符合有关标准和要求。
并将船东、船检认可之轴系对中数据提供给Chockfast 服务商。
2. 由于主机的重量及底脚螺栓的预紧力，Chockfast会有所压缩，压缩量为垫块厚度的0.001倍，即：如果垫块厚度为50mm，则压缩量为50mm×0.001 = 0.05mm，因此，主机中心线的定位应比尾轴中心线高出0.05mm，（当垫块厚度为50mm时），其他厚度时以此类推。
3. 主机两侧止动块座的焊接及其他主要的焊接工作应该完成。
4. 主机座板底平面及基座面板上平面全部清洁干净，在Chockfast接触的表面应无任何油脂、油迹、锈斑、斑剥的油漆和任何应力集中点。
5. 将柔性的泡沫条切割成相应的尺寸，通常泡沫围条的高度应比环氧垫块的厚度要高出5-6毫米。
根据所批准的图纸尺寸塞入主机座与基座平面之间，并紧密贴合上下平面，形成垫块模壳。
6. 在定位螺栓的表面（仅在主机座与基座之间），包覆一层薄薄的泡沫条或者用Sealing Compound一种专用密封胶泥包覆，以便在Chockfast固化后能将定位螺栓取出和防止应力集中点。
7. 将泡沫管条插入底脚螺栓孔内，完全插入后检查泡沫管条是否有凹陷不平处（在主机座及基座之间）并纠正，以防泄漏Chockfast，当Chockfast固化后，螺孔内光顺整齐，便于塞入底脚螺栓。
齿轮基本英语术语
齿轮基本术语(中英文对照)齿轮Toothed gear；Gear齿轮副Gear pair平行轴齿轮副Gear pair with parallel axes相交轴齿轮副Gear pair with intersecting axes 齿轮系Train of gears行星齿轮系Planetary gear train齿轮传动Gear drive；Gear transmission配对齿轮Mating gears小齿轮Pinion大齿轮Wheel；Gear主动齿轮Driving gear从动齿轮Driven gear行星齿轮Planet gear行星架Planet carrier太阳轮Sun gear内齿圈Ring gear；Annulus gear外齿轮External gear内齿轮Internal gear中心距Centre distance轴交角Shaft angle连心线Line of centres减速齿轮副Speed reducing gear pair增速齿轮副Speed increasing gear pair齿数比Gear ratio传动比Transmission ratio轴平面Axial plane基准平面Datum plane节平面Pitch plane端平面Transverse plane法平面Normal plane分度曲面Reference surface节曲面Pitch surface齿顶曲面Tip surface齿根曲面Root surface基本齿廓Basic tooth profile基本齿条Basic rack产形齿条Counterpart rack产形齿轮Generating gear of a gear产形齿面Generating flank基准线Datum line轮齿Gear teeth；Tooth齿槽Tooth space右旋齿Right-hand teeth左旋齿Left-hand teeth变位齿轮Gears with addendum modification；X-gears高度变位圆柱齿轮副X-gear pair with reference centre distance 角度变位圆柱齿轮副X-gear pair with modified centre distance 高度变位锥齿轮副X-gear pair without shaft angle modification 角度变位圆柱齿轮副X-gear pair with shaft angle modification 变位系数Modification coefficient变位量Addendum modification径向变位系数Addendum modification coefficient中心距变位系数Centre distance modification coefficient圆柱齿轮Cylindrical gear顶圆Tip circle根圆Root circle齿距Pitch齿距角Angular pitch公法线长度Base tangent length分度圆直径Reference diameter节圆直径Pitch diameter基圆直径Base diameter顶圆直径Tip diameter根圆直径Root diameter齿根圆角半径Fillet radius齿高Tooth depth工作高度Working depth齿顶高Addendum齿根高Dedendum弦齿高Chordal height固定弦齿高Constant chord height齿宽Facewidth有效齿宽Effective facewidth端面齿厚Transverse tooth thickness法向齿厚Normal tooth thickness端面基圆齿厚Transverse base thickness法向基圆齿厚Normal base thickness端面弦齿厚Transverse chordal tooth thickness固定弦齿厚Constant chord端面齿顶厚Crest width法向齿顶厚Normal crest width端面齿槽宽Transverse spacewidth法向齿槽宽Normal spacewidth齿厚半角Tooth thickness half angle槽宽半角Spacewidth half angle压力角Pressure angle齿形角Nominal pressure angle圆弧圆柱蜗杆Arc-contact worm；hollow flank worm；ZC-worm直廓环面蜗杆Enveloping worm with straight line grneratrix；TA worm平面蜗杆Planar worm wheel；P-worm wheel平面包络环面蜗杆Planar double enveloping worm；TP-worm平面二次包络蜗杆Planar double-enveloping worm wheel；TP-worm wheel锥面包络环面蜗杆Toroid enveloping worm wheel；TK-worm wheel渐开线包络环面蜗杆Toroid enveloping worm hich involute holicoid generatrix；TI-worm 锥蜗杆Spiroid锥蜗轮Spiroid gear锥蜗杆副Spiroid gear pair中平面Mid-plane长幅内摆线Prolate hypocycloid短幅内摆线Curtate hypocycloid渐开线Involute；Involute to a circle延伸渐开线Prolate involute缩短渐开线Curtate involute球面渐开线Spherical involute渐开螺旋面Involute helicoid阿基米德螺旋面Screw helicoid球面渐开螺旋面Spherical involute helicoid圆环面Toroid圆环面的母圈Generant of the toroit圆环面的中性圈Middle circle of the toroid圆环面的中间平面Middle-plane of the toroid圆环面的内圈Inner circle of the toroid啮合干涉Meshing interference切齿干涉Cutter interference齿廓修型Profile modification；Profile correction修缘Tip relief修根Root relief齿向修形Axial modification；Longitudinal correction齿端修薄End relief鼓形修整Crowning鼓形齿Crowned teeth挖根Undercut瞬时轴Instantaneous axis瞬时接触点Point of contact瞬时接触线Line of contact端面啮合线Transverse path of contact啮合曲面Surface of action啮合平面Plane of action啮合区域Zone of action总作用弧Total arc of transmission端面作用弧Transverse arc of transmission纵向作用弧Overlap arc总作用角Total angle of transmission端面作用角Transverse angle of transmission 纵向作用角Overlap angle总重合度Total contact ratio端面重合度Transverse ratio纵向重合度Overlap ratio标准齿轮Standard gears非变位齿轮X-gero gear标准中心距Referencr centre distance名义中心距Nominal centre distance分度圆柱面Reference cylinder节圆柱面Pitch cylinder基圆柱面Basic cylinder齿顶圆柱面Tip cylinder齿根圆柱面Root cylinder节点Pitch point节线Pitch line分度圆Reference circle节圆Pitch circle基圆Basic circle定位面Locating face外锥距Outer cone distance内锥距Inner cone distance中点锥距Mean cone distance背锥距Back cone distance安装距Locating distance轮冠距Tip distance；crown to back冠顶距Apex to crown偏置距Offset齿线偏移量Offset of tooth trace分锥角Reference cone angle节锥角Pitch cone angle顶锥角Tip angle根锥角Root angle背锥角Back cone angle齿顶角Addendum angel齿根角Dedendum angle任意点压力角Pressure angle at a point任意点螺旋角Spiral angle at a point中点螺旋角Mean spiral angle大端螺旋角Outer spiral angle小端螺旋角Inner spiral angle蜗杆Worm蜗轮Worm wheel蜗杆副Worm gear pair圆柱蜗杆Cylindrical worm圆柱蜗杆副Cylindrical worm pair环面蜗杆Enveloping worm环面蜗杆副Enveloping worm pair阿基米德蜗杆Straight sided axial worm；ZA-worm渐开线蜗杆Involute helicoid worm；ZI-worm法向直廓蜗杆Straight sided normal worm；ZN-worm 锥面包络圆柱蜗杆Milled helicoid worm；ZK-worm椭圆齿轮Elliptical gear非圆齿轮副Non-circular gear pair圆柱针轮副Cylindsical lantern pinion and wheel针轮Cylindsical tan tein gear ；pin-wheel谐波齿轮副Harmoric gear drive波发生器We generator柔性齿轮Flexspine刚性齿轮Circular spline非圆齿轮Non-circular gear分度圆环面Reference tosoid。
ChockfastChina
Web:
Tw Polymer Technologies
Ｃｈｏｃｋｆａｓｔ Ｒｅｄ 物 理 特 性 表
线性热胀系数 COEFFICIENT OF LINEAR THERMAL
EXPANSION:Temperature Range
弹性压缩模量
COMPRESSIVE MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
压缩强度 COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
耐火性 FIRE RESISTANCE
弯曲强度 FLEXURAL STRENGTH 弹性弯曲模量 FLEXURAL MODULUS OF ELASTICITY 冲击强度 IZOD IMPACT STRENGTH 线性收缩 LINEAR SHRINKAGE
Foundation Temp. Below Peak Exotherm Temp.
ＣＥＴ曲线从线性热膨胀系数的角度反映 C h o c k fa s t R e d 系列产品与钢和混凝土连接的稳定兼容性
２．ＰＥ曲线反映 C h o c k f a s t R e d 环氧材料自液体至固体的温度变化曲线，以下为 C h o c k fa s t R e d 和其它环氧 产品的ＰＥ曲线比较图
Frequency,Hz
Ｃ ｈ ｏ ｃ ｋ ｆ ａ ｓ ｔ Ｒ ｅ ｄ 比 较无收缩水泥的优势 １．不受油或其它化学物质影响 ２．固化时间减少至少３倍 ３．固定包装和配比 ４．固化后即达平衡要求 ５．物理特性和化学特性极强 ６．与金属式混凝土结合牢固 ７．不受气候影响，材料坚固长久使用 ８．材料强度和抗冲击能力为水泥２－３倍
５
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Web:
Tw Polymer Technologies
Ｃｈｏｃｋｆａｓｔ Ｒｅｄ浇灌注意事项 １．树脂，硬化剂和聚合物须于１８℃－３５℃ 环境下贮存４８小时
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CHOCKFAST ORANGE
APPLICATION PROCEDURE 环氧树脂施工工艺
主机发电机齿轮箱
垫块
SHANGHAI GOLTENS MARINE MACHINERY & MAINTENANCE CO., LTD.
上海高尔登船舶机械配件有限公司
Chockfast垫块施工工艺
一、准备工作
1.轴系对中及曲轴的挠曲度测量数据应符合有关标准和要求。
并将船东、船检认可之
轴系对中数据提供给Chockfast 服务商。
2.由于机器的重量及底脚螺栓的预紧力，Chockfast会有所压缩，压缩量为
垫块厚度的0.001倍，即：如果垫块厚度为50mm，则压缩量为50mm×
0.001 = 0.05mm，因此，机器中心线的定位应比尾轴中心线高出0.05mm，
（当垫块厚度为50mm时），其他厚度时以此类推。
3. 机器两侧止动块座的焊接及其他主要的焊接工作应该完成。
4. 机器座板底平面及基座面板上平面全部清洁干净，在Chockfast接触的表面应无任
何油脂、油迹、锈斑、斑剥的油漆和任何应力集中点。
5. 将柔性的泡沫条切割成相应的尺寸，通常泡沫围条的高度应比环氧垫块的厚度要高
出5-6毫米。
根据所批准的图纸尺寸塞入机器座与基座平面之间，并紧密贴合上下平面，形成垫块模壳。
6.如有定位螺栓的机器，应先把定位螺栓孔及螺栓预配好，然后将螺栓装人
到位，在环氧未浇注前不可上紧螺帽。
在定位螺栓的表面（仅在机器座与
基座之间），包覆一层薄薄的泡沫条或者用Release Agent一种专用脱膜剂
喷向表面，以便在Chockfast固化后能将定位螺栓取出和防止应力集中点。
7.将泡沫管条插入底脚螺栓孔内，完全插入后检查泡沫管条是否有凹陷不平
处（在机器座及基座之间）并纠正，以防泄漏Chockfast，当Chockfast固化后，螺孔内光顺整齐，便于塞入底脚螺栓。
8.两块垫块之间，机座板边缘处设置测量销，销顶为半球状，顶点距机座下
平面约0.5mm，每边设置约3 - 5个，视具体情况而定。
9.将脱模剂PR-225喷入已形成的垫块模壳内，要求是把脱膜剂PR-225摇
晃均匀后沿着浇注口缓慢的来回喷一遍。
并在铁挡板（约2 - 3mm厚）与Chockfast接触的一面喷两层脱模剂，或者将耐高温牛油均匀抹一层在该
表面，Chockfast固化后便于移去挡板，防止粘结。
10.将铁挡板点焊在基座表面，沿机器座边缘，距边缘15-20mm形成浇注口。
11. 在铁挡板的底边，用Sealing Compound密封填料填密缝隙，以防止Chockfast渗漏。
12.将最后的对中、曲轴挠度及下沉间隙测量结果记录在案，便于对照和查证。
13. 供应商提供的都是特殊材料，应妥善保管。
一旦遗失，不可以用其它材料
代替使用，因此而造成的一切后果将有厂方负责。
二、浇注
1.浇注前应备有足够数量的Chockfast在机舱里。
在清洁机座，围海绵，混合Chockfast及浇注过程中，应保持周围环境无打磨、电焊气割等工作的进行。
2. 先打开桶盖，然后根据技术样本692号上的温度/厚度关系曲线图所显示
的相应固化剂用量，将固化剂倒入桶内，请注意：必须按图所示的要求准确倒入固化剂的用量，（切记不可将剩余固化剂累积在一起使用，这样将会引起混合比例的错误，导致质量事故）。
当垫块厚度和环境温度达到曲线图所示分层浇注处，须在现场服务工程师的指导下进行分层浇注。
3.将搅拌桨叶装在低速电钻上（200--500RPM），准备搅拌Chockfast，将已
倒入固化剂的桶用两腿紧紧夹住，然后开始用电钻搅拌Chockfast，搅拌时桨叶必须全部埋入Chockfast里面，以防将空气泡混入Chockfast，用力搅拌2-3分钟，直到桶内的Chockfast全部均匀混合，然后开始倒入到垫块模壳内。
4.混合后的Chockfast应立即进行浇注，倒入时应选择在浇注槽口的最低点，
缓缓倒入，直到液面升至浇口高度为止。
浇口高度一般为垫块厚度+25 - 30mm。
同时，做二只50 x 50 x 50mm的试样。
5.在浇注完成后，应确保所有的垫块模壳内均充满Chockfast，并仔细检查
是否有泄漏，若有应及时迅速地补救，并重新填满已泄漏的部分。
同时，可适当沿泡沫管圆周用手释放空气，避免由于空气释放不够而产生的空泡和间隙。
6.Chockfast完全固化的时间为24小时- 48小时，取决于当时的环境温度，
当冬天环境温度低于13℃时，为了加速固化时间，需要使用加热器以提高周围的温度。
7.将泡沫管条从螺孔中取出，以便放入底脚螺栓。
8.将定位螺栓放松并取出，机器重量完全由Chockfast所承受，将底脚螺栓
塞入螺孔并准备上紧。
9.将所有的底脚螺栓采取扭矩上紧或液压上紧，方法和量值根据机器制造商
的推荐或由Chockfast供应商提供的计算书推荐值。
10.测量并记录机器的对中情况及从测量销用厚薄规片测量垫块的压缩量。
11.移去铁挡板，磨去浇注口的上端尖角，并清除整理垫块四周。
如果在机器
垫块周围有烧焊工作，应用防火布覆盖环氧垫块表面，以防环氧烧熔。
12.用试样进行硬度试验并向船东、船检报验。
巴氏硬度>35、抗压强
度>93N/mm2即合格。