四级指南-答案
华研外语英语四级真题考试指南电子版
华研外语英语四级真题考试指南电子版全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Big Test for English LearnersHey there fellow English learners! Have you heard about the scary College English Test Band 4 exam? It's a huge test that many students have to take to show they are really good at English. I'm still just a kid, but my older brother had to take it and he told me all about it. Let me share what I learned so you can prepare well for this big challenge!First of all, don't panic! I know it sounds super difficult, but if you practice hard it's definitely something you can conquer. The test has two main parts - listening and reading. That's just like the exercises you do in class, but much longer.The Listening SectionIn the listening part, you will hear recordings of different situations and conversations in English. Things like college lectures, news reports, interviews and more. After each recording,you'll get some multiple choice questions to answer about the main ideas and details you heard.My brother said one of the hardest parts was keeping focused the whole time since the recordings can be really long, like 20 minutes! He recommended practicing with English podcasts, movies and shows to build up your stamina for concentrating that long. Smart idea, right?You'll also need to listen very carefully for details like names, numbers, facts and idioms or slang expressions. The speakers might use tons of synonyms instead of just repeating the same words too. Taking good notes while listening can really help with these challenges.The Reading SectionThen comes the reading portion, which tests your skills at understanding all kinds of written English materials. You might read excerpts from books, newspapers, magazines and academic essays on topics like science, culture, economics and more.The reading passages are long, around 800-1000 words each. And there will be multiple passages to read through with questions after every one. You'll get asked about main ideas, details, vocab in context, making inferences and more.My brother's advice was to read, read, read as much English as possible beforehand. From novels to news articles, blogs, instructions - anything to experience different writing styles. He also underlined keywords and made notes in the margins while practicing to help comprehend and locate important points quickly.Another huge part is getting familiar with common question types for the listening and reading sections. Things like:Main idea questionsInference questionsDetails and fact-based questionsVocabulary in contextPurpose or tone questionsLots of sample tests with different passages and questions are available online to drill these. Doing practice tests timed to simulate real exam conditions is super helpful too.Don't Forget About the Writing Section!Oh and I almost forgot - there is also a writing task on the test! You'll need to write a short essay of around 200 words in response to a given prompt or question. The graders will checkyour ability to organize ideas logically, use grammar accurately and have appropriate vocabulary.To get ready for this part, my brother wrote practice essays every week on different topics from sample prompts he found online. He made sure to follow proper essay structure with clear intros, body paragraphs and conclusions too.Be sure to leave enough time at the end for this writing task. You don't want to have to rush through it after running out of time on the listening and reading sections!Other Helpful TipsPhew, I know that's a ton of information already! But I've got a few more tips that can boost your chances at success:• Get plenty of rest before the test day so you can stay focused and energized• Study English vocabulary using flashcards or apps - you'll need a solid range of words• Time management is crucial, so get used to budgeting your time strictly for each section• Stay calm and don't stress too much - remind yourself that you prepped hard for this!The College English Test is no joke, but with the right preparation strategy, you can knock it out of the park. Just take it step-by-step, utilize all the practice resources you can find, and believe in yourself!You've got this, English Learners! If a kid like me can understand what it takes, you'll be more than ready when your test day arrives. Wishing you the best of luck!篇2The Big English Test: A Kid's Guide to the Huayen Level 4 ExamHey kids! Are you getting ready to take the big Huayen English Level 4 test? This huge exam can feel super scary, but don't worry – I'm here to help make it seem a whole lot easier. Let me take you through what this test is all about and how you can get ready to knock it out of the park!What Is the Huayen Level 4 Exam?The Huayen Level 4 is a major English test that checks just how well you can read, write, listen to, and speak English. It's a really important exam because doing well on it can help you get into a great middle school or open up other excitingopportunities. Lots of schools and programs want to see you have strong English skills!This test has four huge sections that get more and more challenging as you go: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. We're going to break down each part so you know just what to expect.The Listening SectionIn this first part, you'll put on some headphones and listen really carefully to different recordings of people speaking English. There will be conversations between two or more people as well as speeches, announcements, and other types of longer recordings.As you listen, you'll have to answer multiple choice questions that test if you understood the main ideas, details, and implied meanings in what you heard. The questions get trickier towards the end, so stay focused!The Reading SectionNext up is the reading portion where you read all sorts of passages and answer questions proving you understood the main points, details, vocabulary words, and overall meanings. The passages start out pretty simple with some ads, emails, andinstruction manuals. But then they get harder with longer articles, stories, and essays.You'll need to scan the passages quickly but carefully to find the evidence and context clues to choose the right answers. Don't get stuck on words you don't know – use the other info in the passage to piece together the meaning.The Writing SectionThis part always makes kids nervous, but you've got this! In the writing section, you'll have two big tasks: writing a short composition piece (like a letter or narrative story) and then writing a longer essay response to a question.For the composition, just follow the prompts giving you the situation and audience. Make sure you organize your ideas into clear paragraphs with descriptive details to make your writing shine.The essay is where you really get to show off your English skills. You'll get an open-ended question asking your opinion on a certain topic. Plan out your essay first with an intro, body paragraphs, examples, and conclusion. Use transition words to connect your ideas and be sure to give clear reasons supporting your perspective.The Speaking SectionPhew, you made it to the last section! The speaking part has two parts as well. First is the verbal response where you get a prompt about a topic or situation. You'll have 30 seconds to prepare, then 60 seconds to speak and give your response out loud in English.Speak slowly, clearly, and give as many details as you can to fully answer the question or describe the situation. Don't panic if you get stuck – it's okay to pause and reorganize your thoughts.Then in the conversation part, you'll have a mock discussion with a trained evaluator about a casual topic. This is meant to test your English conversational skills. Ask them follow-up questions, share your experiences and opinions, and have a friendly back-and-forth chat to show how well you can speak spontaneously.Tips and Tricks to Ace the TestOkay, now that you know what's coming on test day, here are some of my top tips for doing your best:•Practice, practice, practice with English listening and reading materials as much as you can - watch movies, read kids'books and magazines, listen to songs, etc. The more you expose yourself to English, the better!•For writing, have a parent, teacher, or friend give you sample prompts to practice composing letters, stories, and essays. Work on your mechanics like grammar, spelling, and organization.•To get ready for speaking, look in a mirror and record yourself responding to open-ended topics or having mock conversations. Listen back to hear your pace, clarity, and vocabulary.•Take practice tests! Your school should have some official Huayen Level 4 practice exams you can take to get used to the format, timing, and types of questions.•In the weeks before the test, get plenty of rest and eat healthy meals to keep your energy and focus up.•On test day, read all the questions carefull y and try to stay relaxed. If you don't know an answer, don't get stuck – make your best guess and move on.I know it's a huge test, but now you know what skills the Huayen Level 4 exam is looking for and how to get ready for each section. As long as you prepare properly, you'll do great!Remember, this is a chance to show off your incredible English abilities. You've got this – now get studying!篇3The Awesome CET-4 Exam Adventure Guide for Kids!Hey kids! Are you getting ready to take the super cool CET-4 exam? It's a big English test that can help show how awesome you are at reading, writing, listening and speaking English. While it might seem a little scary, just think of it as your next great adventure!This guide will be your map to get ready for the journey ahead. We'll go over all the different parts of the test so you know just what to expect. Then I'll share some tips and tricks I've learned to get prepared. Let's get started!Part 1: The Reading SectionIn this part, you'll read a bunch of different passages and answer questions about them. There will be passages about different topics like science, culture, daily life, and more.The key thing is to read carefully and try your best to understand all the main ideas and details. If you come acrosswords you don't know, use context clues or break the word into parts you recognize to figure it out.Part 2: The Listening SectionHere's where your ears get a workout! You'll listen to recordings of conversations, lectures, news, and other audio clips. As you listen, you need to answer questions testing if you understood the main ideas, details, and speakers' opinions.My advice? Practice listening to all kinds of audio in English - movies, songs, podcasts for kids. The more you listen, the easier it will become!Part 3: The Writing SectionTime to put pencil to paper and show off your writing skills! You'll have two writing tasks - the first is a short response to a given situation. The second is a longer essay on a broad topic.For the short writing, just imagine the scenario and write a clear, natural response. For the essay, make sure to state your main idea, give reasons and examples to support it, and tie it all together nicely.Part 4: The Speaking SectionLast but not least, you'll get a chance to prove your English speaking abilities. You'll see some pictures and get questions about them that you have to answer out loud.The key things are to relax, think about your answers briefly, and then explain your thoughts clearly and completely. Don't be afraid to take your time if you need it.Tips for Rocking the TestOkay, now that you know what's coming in each section, here are some of my favorite tips for getting totally ready:Take practice tests! There are lots of free ones online you can try out. The more familiar you are with the format and types of questions, the less stressful it will be.Study vocabulary, vocabulary, vocabulary! Knowing lots of words makes everything easier.Practice writing responses and giving your opinion out loud. It really helps build your confidence.In the weeks before, do lots of reading, listening, writing, and speaking in English to get your skills razor sharp.The night before, get a good sleep and eat a healthy breakfast to fuel your brain.During the test, don't panic! If you're stumped, move on and come back to it later.Manage your time wisely in each section so you can get to every question.Stay positive and believe in yourself. You've got this!By following this nifty guide, you'll transform into an unstoppable CET-4 Exam Warrior! So get studying, keep practicing, and get ready to embark on an amazing English adventure. The treasures of success await those who persevere!篇4The Big HSKK English Test: A Guide for KidsHey kids! Are you getting ready to take the big HSKK English Level 4 test? Don't worry, this guide will help you feel super prepared! The HSKK test is a way for you to show off how awesome you are at English. It's kind of like a big game or challenge, but instead of winning a prize, you get a fancy certificate that proves you're an English master!Before we dive in, let me introduce myself. My name is Claude, and I'm going to be your guide through this whole HSKKadventure! I'll explain everything you need to know about the test, from the different sections to how you can study like a pro.Now, let's start with the basics. The HSKK English Level 4 test has four main parts: Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking. In each part, you'll have to show off your English skills in different ways. It's like a super fun obstacle course for your brain!The Listening SectionIn this part, you'll hear all sorts of English conversations, stories, and instructions. Your job is to listen very carefully and answer questions about what you heard. It's like a game of "Telephone," but without the whispering! You might hear people talking about their day, or maybe even a fun story about a brave knight slaying a dragon. Just make sure you're paying close attention!The Reading SectionThis is where you get to flex your reading muscles! You'll read different texts, like stories, articles, or even comics, and then answer questions about what you've read. It's like being a mini detective, searching for clues and important details in the text. Pretty cool, right?The Writing SectionTime to grab your pencils and get creative! In this part, you'll have to write something in English, like a short story, a letter to a friend, or even a description of your favorite superhero. Don't worry if you make a few mistakes – the important thing is to try your best and let your imagination run wild!The Speaking SectionLast but not least, it's time to show off your English speaking skills! You'll have to answer questions, describe pictures, or even have a little conversation with the test administrator. Imagine you're a famous TV host or a radio DJ – just speak clearly and confidently, and you'll do great!Now that you know what to expect, let's talk about how you can prepare for this epic English adventure!First things first, practice makes perfect! The more you read, write, listen to, and speak English, the easier it will become. Read your favorite books or comics in English, watch English movies or TV shows (with subtitles at first, if you need them), and try to have conversations in English with your friends or family members.Another great idea is to take practice tests. There are lots of HSKK practice materials out there, like sample questions, mocktests, and even online resources. Practicing with these will help you get used to the format of the test and boost your confidence.Don't forget to take breaks, too! Studying is important, but it's also crucial to give your brain a rest. Go outside and play, do some exercises, or just relax and daydream for a little while. A well-rested mind is a powerful mind!Finally, on the day of the test, remember to stay calm and confident. You've prepared well, and you've got this! Take a few deep breaths, think positive thoughts, and just do your best. Even if you make a few mistakes, it's not the end of the world. The important thing is that you tried your hardest and had fun along the way.Well, there you have it, kids! With this guide, you're now ready to take on the HSKK English Level 4 test like a true champion. Just remember to practice, stay positive, and believe in yourself. You've got this!Good luck, and happy testing!篇5Getting Ready for the Big English TestHi there friends! I'm here to tell you all about this big English test called the CET-4. It's a really important exam for students in college. Even though I'm just a kid, I've been learning a ton about it because my big sister is getting ready to take it soon. She's been studying like crazy!The CET-4 is all about testing your English listening, reading, writing, and translating skills. It covers things like vocabulary, grammar, cloze passages, and conversations. Basically, it wants to see how well you understand and can use the English language. Pretty cool, right?My sister says the listening part is one of the toughest sections. You have to listen really carefully to conversations and passages, then answer multiple choice questions about what you heard. The recording only plays one time, so you can't daydream or get distracted! Good listening skills are super important.Then there's the reading comprehension section where you read different passages and answer questions testing if you understood the main ideas, details, and vocabulary used. My sister has been reading all sorts of articles, essays, and stories to get ready. Some of the passages are pretty long too, so you need to have strong reading stamina!Another big part is the cloze passage, where certain words are removed from a passage and you have to choose the right word to fill in the blanks. My sister groans whenever she practices these because they're so tricky! You really have to understand context clues and have a solid grasp of vocab and grammar.The writing section requires you to write an essay or report based on a given prompt. You need to organize your ideas clearly, use proper grammar and sentence structures, and have a wide range of vocabulary. My sister's essays always end up covered in red ink from her teacher's corrections! Ouch.Then finally, there's translation, where you translate sentences between English and Chinese. You have to really understand both languages deeply to get these right. My sister says the translations can be pretty confusing sometimes!Whew, that's a lot of challenging stuff packed into one exam! No wonder my sister has her head buried in textbooks and practice tests all the time lately.To prepare well, she's been following a study plan her teacher gave her class. It involves reviewing grammar rules, building vocabulary through flashcards and reading, doing tons of practice questions and mock tests, and getting feedback onher writing. Consistency is key - you can't just cram at the last minute!She's also been working on her test-taking skills, like keeping a steady pace, managing her time wisely per section, and staying focused for the full 3 hours. I can't even sit still for 3 hours! My sister has to fight feeling tired, anxious, or distracted during the long exam. Pacing herself with snacks and breaks is important.Despite how tough the CET-4 seems, I know my sister is working super hard because it's really valuable for her future. A passing score shows universities and employers that you have excellent English abilities. It can open doors for great jobs and opportunities later on.My sister says preparing for this test hasn't been easy, but she's discovered she's stronger and more determined than she thought. Tackling this big challenge now will pay off in the long run. She's been inspirational to watch, to be honest! I can't wait to congratulate her when she passes.Well, there you have it friends - everything I've learned about the CET-4 from observing my sister's journey with it so far. It's definitely no walk in the park, but focused preparation overtime is the key to conquering this important English exam. I'm rooting for all of you to ace it when your turn comes around!Just think of how proud your families will be. And imagine the places your English skills could take you - traveling the world, exploring cool jobs, or making new international friends. The possibilities are endless when you put in the hard work. So keep studying hard, believe in yourselves, and happy testing!篇6Hey there! Are you getting ready to take the CET-4 exam? Don't worry, I've got your back! This English test can seem super scary, but with a little preparation, you'll be ready to ace it. Let me break it all down for you in a way that's easy to understand.First up, what even is the CET-4? It stands for College English Test Band 4, and it's a big exam that lots of university students in China have to take. It tests your English listening, reading, writing, and translating skills. Scoring well on it can really help with getting jobs or getting into grad school later on. No pressure though!The test has two main parts – listening and reading/writing. The listening part has about 35 multiple choice questions. You'll hear conversations, lectures, and other audio clips in English andhave to answer questions about what you heard. The reading part has passages you have to read, then answer comprehension questions about them. There are also cloze passages where words are missing and you have to fill in the blanks.For the writing section, you'll have to write a short essay of around 150 words. The topics can be anything from your opinion on something to describing an experience you had. Don't stress too much about this part – just practice writing clearly and stick to the word count!Translating is the final section. You'll have to translate a short passage from Chinese into English. My advice? Practice, practice, practice those translation skills! It's key for this part.Feeling overwhelmed yet? Don't be! There are tons of tips and tricks that can help you get a great score:ListeningGet used to different English accents by watchingmovies/showsPractice listening without reading transcriptsLearn common phrases and idiomsReadingRead, read, read! Books, magazines, anything to build vocabularyLook for main ideas in passages rather than little detailsMake educated guesses if you're unsure about an answerWritingPractice timed essay writingHave a clear introduction, body, conclusion structureUse transition words like "however", "moreover", etc.TranslatingKnow common English grammar patternsLearn common Chinese-to-English translation issuesUse examples, not word-for-word translationsOne of the biggest keys is taking lots of practice tests! Try to simulate real test conditions - find a quiet space, stick to time limits, etc. That way, you'll get used to the test format and types of questions.Don't cram at the last minute either. Doing a little bit of English practice consistently is much better than a marathon study sesh right before the test. Set up a schedule and stick to it!On test day, get a good night's sleep and have a healthy breakfast to fuel your brain. Stay positive - you've prepared and you've got this! Take breaks if you need to during the test. Don't get stuck on any one question for too long either.The CET-4 is definitely challenging, but putting in the work to prepare will pay off hugely. Follow these tips, take practice tests, and let your skills shine through! You've got an awesome opportunity to prove your English prowess.Phew, that was a lot of info! Let me know if any part was confusing or if you need any other CET-4 tips and tricks. With the right preparation, you'll be more than ready to conquer this test. Ain't no thang but a chicken wang!。
华研英语四级考试指南电子版2024
华研英语四级考试指南电子版2024The Hua Yan English Level 4 Examination Guide is an essential resource for students preparing for the English Level 4 exam in 2024. This comprehensive guide provides a detailed overview of the exam structure, key topics to focus on, and effective strategies for success.Understanding the Exam Structure:The English Level 4 exam is divided into several sections, each designed to assess different language skills. These include listening comprehension, reading comprehension, writing, and speaking. Familiarizing yourself with the format and time constraints of each section is crucial for effective exam preparation.Key Topics to Focus On:Vocabulary and grammar are the cornerstones of the English Level 4 exam. A strong command of common idiomatic expressions, phrasal verbs, and collocations is necessary. Additionally, students should be comfortable with various grammatical structures, particularly those that are frequently tested.Effective Strategies for Success:One of the most effective strategies for exam success is regular practice. This involves completing practice tests under timed conditions, which helps students develop time management skills and become accustomed to the exam's pace. It is also beneficial to engage in active reading and listening exercises that cover a wide range of topics.Writing Skills Enhancement:For the writing section, clarity and coherence are paramount. Students should practice organizing their thoughts logically and expressing ideas concisely. It is advisable to review model essays and pay attention to the use of transitional phrases that contribute to a smooth flow of ideas.Speaking Skills Development:The speaking part of the exam requires students to think on their feet and communicate ideas clearly. Regular conversation practice, preferably with native speakers or qualified instructors, can significantly improve fluency and pronunciation.Test-Taking Tips:On the day of the exam, it is important to remain calm and focused. Reading instructions carefully and allocating time wisely can make a significant difference in performance. If uncertain about an answer, it is better to make an educated guess rather than leave a question blank.Conclusion:Preparation for the English Level 4 exam demands dedication and a strategic approach. By utilizing the Hua Yan English Level 4 Examination Guide, students can enhance their language skills, familiarize themselves with the exam format, and develop confidence to achieve a high score. Remember, consistent practice and a positive mindset are the keys to success.。
大学英语四级新题型考试指南答案
大学英语四级新题型考试指南答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Guide to New Types of Questions in College English Test Band 4IntroductionThe College English Test Band 4 (CET-4) is a standardized English proficiency test in China. It is widely used as a requirement for graduation and employment. In recent years, the test has undergone some changes in its format, including the introduction of new types of questions. This guide aims to provide examinees with an overview of these new question types and some strategies to tackle them effectively.New Types of Questions1. Multiple-choice questions with more than one correct answer: In these questions, examinees are required to select all the correct answers from a list of options. This type of question tests not only the examinee’s understanding of the content but also their ability to distinguish between correct and incorrect information.2. Sentence completion questions: These questions require examinees to complete a sentence with an appropriate word or phrase. Examinees should pay attention to the context of the sentence and choose the most suitable option that fits the meaning.3. Reading comprehension questions with multiple answers: Instead of selecting one correct answer, examinees are required to choose more than one answer that best matches the information presented in the text. This type of question assesses the examin ee’s ability to comprehend and analyze information.4. Short answer questions: Examinees are asked to provide brief responses to questions based on the reading passage. This type of question requires examinees to demonstrate their understanding of the text and their ability to articulate their thoughts concisely.5. Matching questions: In these questions, examinees are required to match items from two columns based on their relationships or similarities. Examinees should carefully consider the connections between the items before making their choices.Strategies for Tackling New Types of Questions1. Read the instructions carefully: Make sure to read the instructions for each question type thoroughly to understand what is expected of you. Pay attention to the number of correct answers required and the format of the response.2. Skim the text: Before answering the questions, take a few minutes to skim through the reading passage to get an overview of the content. This will help you identify key information and main ideas that will guide your answers.3. Eliminate wrong choices: If you are unsure about a question, try to eliminate the options that are clearly incorrect. This will increase your chances of selecting the correct answer from the remaining choices.4. Use context clues: When completing sentences or answering questions, use context clues from the text to guide your choice of words or phrases. Pay attention to the surrounding text to determine the most suitable answer.5. Practice regularly: Familiarize yourself with the new question types by practicing sample questions and past papers. This will help you become more comfortable with the format and improve your performance on test day.ConclusionThe introduction of new types of questions in the CET-4 test requires examinees to adapt their test-taking strategies accordingly. By familiarizing themselves with the new question types and practicing regularly, examinees can enhance their performance and achieve better results. Remember to approach each question with a clear understanding of the instructions and use effective strategies to tackle them confidently. Good luck with your preparation for the CET-4 test!篇2College English Core 4 New Question Type Exam Guide and AnswersWith the continuous development and innovation in education, the College English Core 4 (CET-4) exam has also introduced new question types to better assess students' English proficiency. In this guide, we will discuss the new question types that you may encounter in the CET-4 exam, and provide sample answers to help you better prepare for the test.1. Multiple-choice ClozeIn the multiple-choice cloze question, you will be presented with a passage where several words are missing. Your task is to choose the correct word from the given options to fill in theblanks. To excel in this question type, pay attention to the context and the overall meaning of the passage. Here is a sample question:Example:In today's fast-paced world, it is important to ___________ stress and find ways to relax.A) induceB) reduceC) increaseD) maintainAnswer: B) reduce2. Reading Comprehension with Multiple QuestionsThis question type requires you to read a passage and answer multiple questions based on the information in the passage. Make sure to carefully read the questions before reading the passage to have a better understanding of what to look for. Here is a sample question:Example:According to the passage, what is the main cause of global warming?A) DeforestationB) Industrial pollutionC) Greenhouse gasesD) Ozone depletionAnswer: C) Greenhouse gases3. Sentence TransformationIn this question type, you will be given a sentence with a specific instruction on how to rewrite it. You must maintain the original meaning of the sentence while using the given word or phrase. Practice different sentence structures to excel in this question type. Here is a sample question:Example:The teacher asked the students to finish their homework by Friday.Transform the sentence using "have".Answer: The teacher insisted that the students have their homework finished by Friday.4. Error RecognitionIn the error recognition question, you will be presented with a sentence where one part contains an error. Your task is to identify the error and choose the correct option to correct it. Pay attention to grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. Here is a sample question:Example:I have visit my grandparents last weekend.A) have visitB) myC) lastD) visitedAnswer: C) last5. Short Answer QuestionsIn this question type, you will be asked to provide a short answer to a question based on the information provided in the passage. Make sure to be concise and directly address the question. Here is a sample question:Example:What are the benefits of regular exercise?Answer: Regular exercise improves physical health, reduces stress, and boosts mood.By familiarizing yourself with these new question types and practicing with sample questions, you can better prepare for the CET-4 exam. Remember to manage your time effectively during the exam and stay calm and focused. Good luck!(Note: The sample questions and answers provided in this guide are for illustrative purposes only and may not reflect actual questions in the CET-4 exam.)篇3College English Test Band Four (CET-4) is one of the most important English proficiency exams in China. The test is widely recognized by universities and employers across the country. In recent years, a new test format has been introduced to better assess students' English skills. In this guide, we will discuss the new test format and provide answers to some commonly asked questions.The new test format for CET-4 consists of four sections: Listening, Reading, Writing, and Translation. Each sectionassesses different aspects of the test-taker's English proficiency. Here is a brief overview of each section:1. Listening: This section contains a series of recorded conversations, monologues, and lectures. Test-takers are required to listen carefully and answer multiple-choice questions based on the audio clips. This section tests the student's listening comprehension skills.2. Reading: In this section, test-takers are presented with a series of reading passages, including short articles, essays, and news reports. They must read the passages carefully and answer multiple-choice questions to test their reading comprehension skills.3. Writing: This section requires test-takers to write two short essays on given topics. They must demonstrate their ability to express ideas clearly and coherently, as well as their proficiency in grammar and vocabulary.4. Translation: In this section, test-takers are required to translate a short English passage into Chinese. This section tests the student's translation skills and their understanding of both languages.Now let's move on to some commonly asked questions about the new test format:Q: How should I prepare for the Listening section?A: To prepare for the Listening section, you should practice listening to English audio clips regularly. You can watch English movies, listen to English podcasts, and take online listening comprehension tests to improve your listening skills.Q: What can I do to improve my reading comprehension skills?A: To improve your reading comprehension skills, you should read English articles, books, and news reports regularly. Make note of new words and phrases that you encounter, and practice summarizing the main ideas of each passage.Q: How can I improve my writing skills for the Writing section?A: To improve your writing skills, you should practice writing essays on a variety of topics. Focus on organizing your ideas logically, using proper grammar and vocabulary, and supporting your arguments with examples and evidence.Q: How can I prepare for the Translation section?A: To prepare for the Translation section, you should practice translating English passages into Chinese and vice versa. Focus on maintaining the original meaning of the text while also using accurate grammar and vocabulary.In conclusion, the new test format for CET-4 is designed to better assess students' English skills and provide a more comprehensive evaluation of their proficiency. By following the tips and strategies outlined in this guide, you can improve your performance on the exam and achieve a high score. Good luck!。
大学英语四级专项指南答案
大学英语四级专项指南答案English:For mastering the English Language Proficiency Test (ELPT), also known as the College English Test (CET-4), it's crucial to adopt a systematic approach that encompasses various aspects of language learning. Firstly, focus on building a strong foundation in vocabulary and grammar. Utilize vocabulary lists, flashcards, and mnemonic techniques to expand your word bank systematically. Additionally, practice grammar exercises regularly to enhance your understanding of sentence structure and usage. Secondly, prioritize reading comprehension skills by immersing yourself in English texts of various genres. Read extensively, covering newspapers, magazines, novels, and academic articles to improve your reading speed and comprehension. Take note of unfamiliar words and phrases, and strive to understand their meanings within context. Thirdly, hone your listening skills through exposure to authentic English audio materials. Listen to podcasts, watch English movies or TV shows, and engage in English conversations whenever possible to familiarize yourself with different accents and speech patterns. Moreover, make use of listening comprehension exercises to sharpen your ability tograsp main ideas and specific details. Fourthly, focus on developing writing proficiency by practicing different types of writing tasks, such as essays, reports, and emails. Pay attention to coherence, cohesion, and clarity in your writing, and seek feedback from peers or instructors to improve. Finally, dedicate sufficient time to exam preparation by familiarizing yourself with the test format, practicing past papers, and simulating exam conditions to build confidence and reduce test anxiety.中文翻译:要精通英语语言能力测试（ELPT），也称为大学英语四级考试（CET-4），关键是采取系统化的方法，涵盖语言学习的各个方面。
大学英语四级详细参考答案(全三套)【最新整理】
英语四级详细参考答案（全三套）四级听力1听力第一套Section ANews Report OneA message in a bottle sent out to sea by a New Hampshire man more than five decades ago was found 1500miles away and he’s been returned to his daughter. The long lost message was discovered by Clint Buffington of Utah while he was vacationing. Buffington says he found a soda bottle half-buried in the sand that looked like it had been there since the beginning of time.The note inside the bottle said, "Return to 419 Ocean Street and receive a reward of $150 from Richard and Tina Pierce, owners of the beach Comber motel.The motel was owned by the Paula Pierce in 1960. Her father had written the notes as a joke and had thrown it into the Atlantic Ocean. Buffington flew to New Hampshire to deliver that message to Pola Pierce. She held up to her father's promise giving Buffington that reward. But the biggest reward is the message in a bottle finding its way back home.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. What is the news report mainly about?2. Why did Paula Pierce give Clint Buffington the reward?News Report TwoMillions of bees have died in South Carolina during aerial insect spraying operations that were carried out to combat the Zika virus. The insects spraying over the weekend left more than 2 million bees dead on the spot in Dorchester county South Carolina, where four travel-related cases of Zika disease have been confirmed in the area. Most of the deaths came from Flower Town Bee farm, a company in Somerville that sells bees and honey products. Juanita Stanley who owns the company said the farm looks like it's been destroyed. The farm lost about 2.5 million bees. Dorchester county officials apologized for the accidental mass killing of bees.Dorchester County is aware that some beekeepers in the area that was sprayed on Sunday lost their bee colonies.County manager Jason Ward said in a statement. “I'm not pleased that so many bees were killed.”Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. Why was spraying operations carried out in Dorchester County?4. What does the news reports say about Flower Town Bee farm?News Report ThreeThe world's largest aircraft has taken to the skies for the first time. The Airlander 10 spent nearly 2 hours in the air having taken off from Coddington airfield in Bedfordshire. During its flight it reached 3000 feet and performed a series of gentle turns all over a safe area. The aircraft is massive as long as a football field and as tall as 6 double decker buses and capable of flying for up to 5 days. It was first developed for the US government as a long range spy aircraft, but was abandoned following budget cutbacks. The aircraft cost25 million pounds and can carry heavier loads than huge jet planes while also producing less noise and omittingless pollution. The makers believe it's the future of aircraft and one day we'll be using them to go places. But there's still a long way to go. The Airlander will need to have 200 hours flying time before being allowed to fly by the aviation administration if it passes though we can hope we'll all get some extra legroom.Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. What do we learn about the first flight of the Airlander 10?6. What caused the US government to abandon theAirlander 10 as a spy aircraft?7. What is the advantage of the Airlander 10 over huge jet planes?Section BConversation OneM: Do you feel like going out tonight？W：Yeah，why not，we haven’t been out for ages, what’s on?M: Well, there’s a film about climate change. Does it sound good to you?W: No, not really, it doesn’t really appeal to me. What’s it about? Just climate change?M: I think it’s about how climate change affects everyday life. I wonder how they make it entertaining.W: Well, it sounds really awful, it’s an important subject I agree. But I am not in the mood for anything depressing. What else is on?M：There’s a Spanish dance festival.W: Oh, I love dance. That sounds really interesting.M: Apparently, it’s absolutely brilliant. Let’s see what it says in the paper. A leads an exciting production of the great Spanish love story Kamen.W: Ok, then. What time is it on?M: At 7:30.W: Well, that’s no good. We haven’t got enough time to get there. Is there anything else?M: There’s a comedy special on.W: Where’s it on?M: It’s at the city theater. It’s a charity comedy night with lots of different acts. It looks pretty good. The critic in the local the paper says it’s the funniest thing he’s ever seen. It says here Roger Whitehead is an amazing host to a night of fun performances.W: Em.. I am not keen on him. He is not very funny.M: Are you sure your fancy going out tonight? You are not very enthusiastic.W: Perhaps you are righ t. Okay, let’s go to see the dance. But tomorrow, not tonight.M: Great, I’ll book the tickets online.Questions 8 and 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. What does the women think of the climate change?9. Why do the speakers give up going to the Spanish dance festival tonight?10. What does the critic say about the comedy performed at the city theater?11. What does the woman decide to do tomorrow?Conversation TwoW: Good morning Mr. Lee, May I have a minutes of your time?M: Sure Katherine, what can I do for you?W: I’m quiet anxious about transferring over to our college, I’m afraid I won’t fit in.M: don't worry Katherine, it’s completely normal for you to be nervous about transferring schools, this happens to many transfer students.W: Yes, I know, but I’m younger than most students in my year and that worries me a lot.M: Well, you may be the only younger one in your year, but you know, we have a lot of after-school activities you can join in, and so, this way, you will be able to meet new friends of different age groups.W: That’s nice, I love games and hobby groups.M: I’m sure you do, so will be just fine, don’t worry so much and try to make the most of what we have on offer here, also, remember that you can come to me anytime of the day if you need help.W: Thanks so much, I definitely feel better now, as a matter of fact, I’ve already contacted one of the girls who will be living in the same house with me, and she seemed really nice. I guess living on campus, I'll hav e a chance to have a close circle of friends, since we'll be living together.M: All students are very friendly with new arrivals. Let me check who would be living with you in your flat.Okay. There are Hannah, Kelly, and Bree. Bree is also a new student h ere, like you, I’m sure you two ‘ll have more to share with each other.Questions 12 and 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. Why does Katherine feel anxious?13. What does Mr. Lee encourage Katherine to do?14. What does Mr. Lee promised to do for Katherine?15. What do we learn about Katherine’ schoolmate Bree?Section CPassage OneHave you ever felt like you would do just about anything to satisfy your hunger? A new study in mice may help to explain why hunger can feel like such a powerful motivating force. In the study, researchers found that hunger outweighed other physical drives, including fear, thirst and social needs.To determine which feeling won out, the researchers did a series of experiments. In o ne experiment, the mice were both hungry and thirsty. When given the choice of either eating food or drinking water, the mice went for the food, the researchers found. However, when the mice were well-fed but thirsty, they opted to drink, according to the study. In the second experiment meant to pit the mice's hunger against their fear, hungry mice were placed in a cage that had certain "fox-scented" areas and other places that smelled safer (in other words, not like an animal that could eat them) but also had food. It turned out that, when the mice were hungry, they ventured into the unsafe areas for food. But when the mice were well-fed, they stayed in areas of the cage thatwere considered "safe." Hunger also outweighed the mice's social needs, the resear chers found. Mice are usually social animals and prefer to be in the company of other mice, according to the study. When the mice were hungry, they opted to leave the company of other mice to go get food.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. What is the researchers’ purpose in carrying out the serious experiment with mice?17. In what circumstances, do mice venture into unsafe areas?18. What is said about mice at the end of the passage?Passage TwoThe United States has one of the best highway systems in the world. Interstate highways connect just about every large and mid-sized city in the country. Did you ever wonder why such a complete system of excellent roads exists? For an answer，you would have to go back to the early 1920s. In those years, just after World War I, the military wanted to build an American highway system for national defense. Such a system could, if necessary, move troops quickly from one area to another. It could also get people out of cities in dan ger of being bombed. So-called roads of national importance were designated, but they were mostly small country roads. In 1944, Congress passed a bill to upgrade the system, but did not fund the plan right away. In the 1950s, the plan began to become a reality. Over $25 billion was appropriated by congress, and construction began on about 40,000 miles of new roads. The idea was to connect the new system to existing expressways and freeways. And though the system was built mostly to make car travel easier, defense was not forgotten. For instance, highway overpasses had to be high enough to allow trailers carrying military missiles to pass under them. By 1974, this system was mostly completed. A few additional roads would come later. Quick and easy travel between all parts of the country was now possible.Questions 19 and 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. What does the speaker say about the American highway system?20. What was the original purpose of building a highway system?21. When was the interstate highway system mostly completed?Passage ThreeTexting while driving was listed as a major cause of road deaths among young Americans back in 2013. A recent study said that 40% of American teens claim to have been in a car when the driver used a cell phone in a way that put people in danger. This sounds like a widespread disease but it's one that technology may now helped cure. T.J. Evarts, a 20- year-old inventor, has come up with a novel solution that could easily put texting drivers on notice. It's called Smart Wheel, and it's designed to fit over the steering wheel of most standard vehicles to track whether or not the driver has two hands on the wheel at all times. Evarts’ invention warns the drivers with the light and the sound when they hold the wheel with one hand only, but as soon as they place the other hand back on the wheel the light turns back to green and the sound stops. It also watches for what's called “close by hands”, where both hands are close together near the top o f the wheel so the driver can type with both thumbs and drive at the same time. All the data Smart Wheel collects is also sent to a connected app. So any parents who install Smart Wheel can keep track of the teens’ driving habits. If they try to remove or damage the cover, that's reported as well.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. What is a major cause of road deaths among young Americans?23. What is Smart Wheel?24. What happens if the driver has one hand on the wheel?25. How do parents keep track of their teens’ driving habits?参考答案：ABBCA CDADC BDCAD BACDB ABACB2听力第二套参考答案：Section A1. B) Scared.2. D) It was covered with large scales.3. A) A Study of the fast-food service.4. C) Increased variety of products.5. C) US government’s approval of private space missions.6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon.7. B) It is promising.Section B8. D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach.9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage10. D)His phone is running out of power.11. C ) He collects things from different countries.12. D) Trying out a new gym in town.13. C) A discount for a half-year membership.14. D) The operation of fitness equipment.15. C) She knows the basics of weight-lifting.Section C16. B) They often apply for a number of positions.17. A) Get better organized.18. D) Apply for more promising positions.19. B) If not forced to go to school, kids would be out in the streets.20. D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays.21. D)Take kids out of school to learn at first hand22. C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion.23 D) It offers people a chance to socialize.24 A) Their state of mind improved.25 B) It is life.2018年6月四级阅读1阅读第一套Section A26. E) constructed27. O) undertaken28. F) consulted29. C) collection30. N) scale31. I) eventually32. K) necessarily33. L) production34. A) cheaper35. J) heightSection B36. K）A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News that she normally…37. D）“When we talk about the access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly(垄断), a new way to lock students around this system,”…38. M）Harper, a poultry（家禽）science major, is taking chemistry again this year and had to buy a new access code to hand in her homework…39. G）The access codes may be another financial headache for students, but for textbook businesses, they’re the future…40. B）The codes—which typically range in price from ＄80 to ＄155 per course—give students online access to systems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson…41. L）Benjamin Wolverton, a 19-year-old student at the University of South Carolina, told BuzzFeed News that…42. H）A Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that “dig ital materials are less expensive and a good investment” that offer new features,…43. F）She decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck, which was typically $150-$200, to pay for the code…44. J）David Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University, which has rolled out digital textbooks across its math and psychology departments,…45. C）But critics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seeking ethos(观念) of the textbook business, and are even harder for students to opt out of…Section CPassage One开头英语为：Losing your ability46. A) Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.答案出处:There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.47. C) Communication within our brain weakens.答案出处:Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain.48. A) Totally forgetting how to do one's daily routines.答案出处:Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.49. C) Turn to a professional for assistance.答案出处:Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory.50. D) Staying active both physically and mentally.答案出处:And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent by building up your brain's cognitive reserve.In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster.Passage Two文章开头是A letter51. What happened to Darwin's letter in the 1970s?B) It was stolen more than once.答案出处：“We realized in the mid-1970s that it was missing,”…. likely taken by an intern (实习生)”… “The intern likely took the letter again once nobody was watching it.”52. What did the FBI do after the recovery of the letter?A) They proved its authenticity.答案出处：Their art crime team recovered the letter but were unable to press charges because the time oflimitations had ended. The FBI worked closely with the Archives to determine that the letter was both authentic and definitely Smithsonian’s property.53. What is Darwin's letter about?D) His acknowledgement for help from a professional.答案出处：The letter was written by Darwin to thank an American geologist, Dr. Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden, for sending him copies of his research into the geology of the region that would become Yellowstone National Park.54. What will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do with the letter according to Kapsalis?D) Make it available online.答案出处：After it is repaired, we will take digital photos of it and that will be available online.55. What has the past half century witnessed according to Kapsalis?B) Radical changes in archiving practices.答案出处：…“Archiving practices have changed greatly since the 1970s,”says Kapsalis, “and we keep our high value documents in a safe…”2阅读第二套Section A26-30 M N C J F 31-35 K L B I E26. M) pollutants27. N) restricted28. C) consequence29. J) innovation30. F) detail31. K) intended32. L) outdoor33. B) collaborating34. I) inhabitants35. E) creatingSection BAs Tourists Crowd Out Locals, Venice Faces “Endangered” List36. E Just beyond St. Mark’s Square…37. J Earlier this year …38. G Venice’s deadline passed with …39. C Venice is one of…40. N Then it hits him…41. F For a time, UNESCO, …42. B “People are cheering and holding …”43. L The city’s current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro …44. D Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, …45. H But UNESCO didn’t even hold a vote …Section CPassage one46. C) Help them build a positive attitude towards life.47. A) Earn more money.48. C) How long its positive effect lasts.49. D) Their communication with others improved.50. A) Find financial support.Passage Two51. C) They all experienced terrible misfortunes.52. B) The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.53. A) It was a mere piece of decoration.54. D) The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.55. A) She was used to carry troops.3阅读第三套Section A26. C) cast27. L) replaced28. F) efficient29. J) professionals30. E) decorative31. G) electrified32. I) photographed33. B) approach34. K) quality35. H) identify长篇阅读n-American students have been eager participants…37.C.But instead of bringing families together…38.I.The issue of the stresses felt by students in elites school…39.E.The district has become increasingly popular with..40.B.With his letter…41.K.Not all public opinion…42.H.Jennifer Lee…43.D.About 10 minutes44.A.This fall…45.G.Both Asian-American and white families…Section C仔细阅读Passage One46. A) Senesa’s thinking is still applicable today.47. B) It is a teaching tool under development.48. C) It helps them learn their academic subjects better.49. D) They use various ways to explain the materials.50. B) Their emotional involvement.Passage Two51:D) They are beter educated than their counterparts.52 C ) They think it needs further improving.53. B) Job stability and flexibility.54. D) The balance between work and family.55. A) They still view this world as one dominated by males.2018年6月四级翻译1翻译第一套：过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。
英语专业四级考试指南第二版潘鸣威pdf
英语专业四级考试指南第二版潘鸣威pdfThe English Major CET-4 Examination Guide Second Edition PDF by Pan Mingwei is an essential resource for students preparing for the English major CET-4 exam in China. This comprehensive guide provides a detailed overview of the exam format, tips for each section, and practice questions to help students improve their English proficiency.The guide begins with an introduction to the CET-4 exam, including information on the exam structure, scoring system, and important dates. It then covers each section of the exam in detail, with tips on how to approach different types of questions and strategies for maximizing performance.One of the key features of this guide is the extensive practice section, which includes sample questions for each section of the exam. These practice questions are designed to help students familiarize themselves with the types of questions they will encounter on the actual exam and improve their test-taking skills.In addition to the practice questions, the guide also includes tips on improving English listening, reading, writing, and speaking skills. These tips are based on the author's extensiveexperience teaching English and working with students preparing for the CET-4 exam.Overall, the English Major CET-4 Examination Guide Second Edition PDF by Pan Mingwei is a valuable resource for students preparing for the English major CET-4 exam. With its comprehensive coverage of exam topics, practice questions, and tips for improving English skills, this guide is sure to help students achieve success on the exam.。
编高校英语专业四级考试指南及模拟试题答案
编高校英语专业四级考试指南及模拟试题答案Guide to College English Major Level 4 Exam and Answer Sheet for Practice QuestionsIntroduction:The College English Major Level 4 Exam is an important assessment for students studying English. It tests their proficiency in listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills. In this guide, we will provide an overview of the exam format, offer tips for preparation, and provide a set of practice questions with answers.Exam Format:The Level 4 exam consists of four sections: Listening, Reading, Writing, and Translation. Each section is designed to test different aspects of the students' language proficiency.Listening: This section includes a series of recordings of dialogues, monologues, and speeches. Students are required to answer multiple-choice questions based on the audio clips.Reading: In this section, students are given a set of passages to read. They must answer comprehension questions to demonstrate their understanding of the texts.Writing: The writing section involves tasks such as essay writing, summarizing, and responding to prompts. Students are expected to demonstrate their ability to organize ideas coherently and use appropriate language.Translation: This section tests students' ability to translate between English and their native language. They must accurately convey the meaning of the given texts.Tips for Preparation:1. Practice regularly: Consistent practice is key to improving English language skills. Set aside time each day to work on listening, reading, writing, and translation exercises.2. Focus on vocabulary: Expand your vocabulary by learning new words and phrases regularly. Use flashcards, apps, or online resources to help you memorize and review words.3. Improve listening skills: Listen to English podcasts, radio programs, or audiobooks to enhance your listening comprehension. Pay attention to different accents and familiarize yourself with various speaking styles.4. Read extensively: Read English newspapers, books, and articles to improve your reading comprehension and vocabulary. Take notes on key points and practice summarizing the texts.5. Practice writing: Write essays, letters, or journal entries regularly to improve your writing skills. Pay attention to grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure.Practice Questions and Answers:1. Listening Section:Audio clip: A conversation between two students discussing their weekend plans.Question: What does the male student plan to do on Saturday?A. Go to a concertB. Study at the libraryC. Watch a movieD. Play soccerAnswer: C. Watch a movie2. Reading Section:Passage: A brief history of Shakespeare's plays.Question: What is the main focus of Shakespeare's comedies?A. Tragic love storiesB. Political intrigueC. Humorous situationsD. Historical eventsAnswer: C. Humorous situations3. Writing Section:Question: Write a letter to your friend inviting them to a party you are hosting next weekend. Include details such as the date, time, location, and any special instructions.Answer: (Sample answer)Dear [Friend's name],I hope this letter finds you well. I am writing to invite you to a party I am hosting next Saturday at my place. The party will start at 7 p.m. and will be a casual gathering with friends and family. Please bring a snack to share, and feel free to invite anyone else you would like to bring along. I look forward to seeing you there!Best regards,[Your name]4. Translation Section:English text: "The early bird catches the worm."Translation: [Translate into your native language]Answer: [Translate answer]Conclusion:The College English Major Level 4 Exam is a challenging but rewarding assessment that can help students demonstrate their language skills. By following this guide, practicing regularly, and utilizing the provided practice questions, students can improve their chances of success on the exam. Good luck!。
新向标大学英语四级考试专项指南答案大全
新向标大学英语四级考试专项指南答案大全English:"The book 'New Target University English Level 4 Exam Special Guide' is a comprehensive resource designed to help students prepare for the CET-4 examination in China. It covers a wide range of topics, including listening, reading, writing, and speaking, with a focus on improving both the test-taking skills and overall English proficiency of the students. The guide provides detailed explanations, practice questions, and mock tests to help learners familiarize themselves with the exam format and question types. Additionally, it offers tips and strategies to enhance performance on each section of the exam. The book aims to build a solid foundation in English grammar, vocabulary, and comprehension, which are crucial for success in the CET-4 exam. By engaging with this guide, students can gain the knowledge and confidence needed to excel in their university English studies and the CET-4 examination."中文翻译:"《新向标大学英语四级考试专项指南》是一本为帮助学生准备中国大学英语四级考试（CET-4）而设计的综合性资源。
四级指南-答案
第一章人力资源规划二、简答题1．答：第一阶段，调研准备阶段。
调研人员通过对企业有关情况、信息、情报、资料的初步分析和非正式调研，确定调研的主题内容和范围。
（1）初步情况分析。
（2）非正式调研。
（3）确定调研目标。
第二阶段，正式调研阶段。
这是最主要和最关键的阶段。
调研人员应确定获取相关信息的手段与方法。
（1）决定采集资料信息的来源和方法（2）设计调查问卷和抽样方法（3）实地调查，又称现场调查。
2．答：工作岗位写实分为三个阶段。
第一阶段，岗位写实前的准备工作。
（1）根据岗位写实的目的，确定写实对象。
（2）进行初步岗位调查。
（3）制定出写实工作计划，规定好具体的写实程序何步骤，设计出写实调查表，做好书写板、计时器等所需仪器的准备工作，明确规定划分工作事项的标准，以及各类工时消耗的代号、编码，以便于登记记录数据资料。
（4）培训写实人员，使其熟练掌握岗位写实的技术和技巧。
（5）写实人员要把写实的意图和要求向写实对象讲清楚，以便取得他们的积极配合。
第二阶段，实地观察记录。
从上班开始，一直到下班结束，将整个工作日的活动情况毫无遗漏地记录下来，以保证写实的完整性。
第三阶段，写实资料的整理汇总。
（1）计算各活动事项消耗的时间。
（2）对所有观察事项进行分类，通过汇总计算出每一类工时的合计数。
（3）编制岗位写实汇总表，在分析、研究各类工时消耗的基础上，分别计算出每类工时消耗占全部工作时间和作业时间的比重。
（4）分析岗位工作的内外环境和条件，掌握关联工作活动的各种信息。
（5）根据写实结果，写出岗位综合分析报告。
3．答：（1）为合理安排作业计划和定岗定员提供依据。
（2）为企业产品成本核算提供依据。
（3）为合理发放工作报酬、考核、奖励、晋升提供依据。
（4）为提高工作效率提供依据。
4．答：企业人力资源费用包括人工成本和人力资源管理费用。
（1）人工成本是指企业在一个生产经营周期（一般为一年）内，支付给员工的全部费用，主要包括三个方面的内容：工资项目、保险福利项目和其他项目（如“其他社会费用、非奖励基金的奖金等）。
2021年6月英语四级答案
未知驱动探索，专注成就专业2021年6月英语四级答案第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解Passage 11.C2.A3.D4.C5.B6.A7.D8.B9.A10.C11.B13.C14.D15.A Passage 216.D17.C18.A19.B20.D21.A22.D23.B24.C25.B26.C28.D29.A30.B Passage 331.A32.B33.D34.C35.A36.D37.C38.B39.A40.B41.D43.A44.D45.B Passage 446.C47.B48.C49.A50.D51.A52.B53.D54.C55.B56.A未知驱动探索，专注成就专业57.C58.D59.B60.A第三部分完形填空Passage 161.D62.B63.A64.C65.A66.D67.B68.D69.C70.B72.A73.C74.B75.D Passage 276.C77.D78.A79.B80.C81.A82.B83.D84.A85.B87.D88.A89.C90.B Passage 391.C92.A93.B94.D95.A96.C97.B98.D99.A100.D102.B103.D104.A105.C Passage 4106.B107.A108.D109.C110.B111.A112.C113.B114.D115.C117.B118.A119.D120.C第四部分翻译121.In recent years, online shopping has become increasingly popular in China. With the development of e-commerce platforms and the improvement of logistics services, more and more people choose to shop online for its convenience and wide range of choices.122.However, online shopping also brings about various problems. For example, some consumers may receive counterfeit or poor-quality products. Others may fall for online scams and lose their money. In addition, the excessive packaging used for online deliveries has also become a serious environmental issue.123.To address these problems, the government and relevant departments should improve supervision and regulation of the e-commerce industry. Online platforms should strengthen product quality control and crack down on counterfeit products. Consumers should also enhance their awareness of online shopping risks and be cautious when making purchases.124.Apart from the challenges, online shopping has greatly changed people’s lives. It provides moreconvenience and saves time for consumers. It alsopromotes competition among businesses and stimulateseconomic growth. In the future, with the continuousimprovement of online shopping services, it is believed that more and more people will choose to shop online.第五部分写作作文题目：如何通过旅游了解不同的文化和风俗习惯旅游是一种了解不同文化和风俗习惯的绝佳方式。
全新英语专业四级考试指南
全新英语专业四级考试指南第三章完形填空Practice 2(17) A. was B. were C. had D. has(18) A. skidded B. swerved C. slipped D. glided(19) A. closely B. nearly C. almost D. narrowly(20) A. ahead B. before C. ago D. beforehandPractice 3Television — that most pervasive and persuasive of modern (1)_____, marked by rapid change and growth — is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary (2) _____ and versatility, which (3)_____ to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic (4)_____, made possible by the (5) _____of television and computer sciences.The word "television", (6)_____ from its Greek (tele:distant) and Latin (visio : sight) roots, can (7) _____be interpreted as sight from a distance. Very simply (8)_____, it works in this way; through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the (9)_____ of converting an image into electronic (10) _____, which can be sent through a wire or cable. These impulses, when (11) _____ into a receiver (television set), can (12) _____ be electronically reconstituted into that same (13)_____.Television is more than just an electronics system, however. It is (14) _____of expression, as well as a (15) _____ for communication, and as (16) _____ becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.The field of television can be divided into two (17) _____ determined by its means of transmission. First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television (18)_____. Second, there is nonbroadcast television, which provides (19)_____ the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through (20) _____ transmission techniques.(1) A. techniques B. skills C. developments D. technologies(2) A. specification B. sophistication C. unusualness D. complexity(3) A. suggests B. promises C. appears D. pledges(4) A. evolution B. reformation C. transformation D. revolution(5) A. marriage B. synthesis C. association D. unification(6) A. came B. stemmed C. derived D. resulted(7) A. accurately B. precisely C. exactly D. literally(8) A. said B. put C. expressed D. described(9) A. capability B. competence C. ability D. proficiency(10) A. impulses B. currents C. pulses D. waves(11) A. feeding B. having fed C. feed D. fed(12) A. then B. now C. later D. shortly(13) A. image B. picture C. scene D. graph(14) A. a mean B. a means C. mean D. means(15) A. channel B. apparatus C. vehicle D. mechanism(16) A. if B. though C. such D. so(17) A. classes B. sections C. categories D. groups(18) A. signals B. signs C. images D. pictures(19) A. for B. with C. to D. on(20) A. controlled B. restricted C. limited D. commanded Practice 4Many instructors believe that an informal, relaxed classroom environment is(1)_____ to learning and innovation. It is not uncommon for students to have(2) _____and friendly relationships with their professors. The (3) _____ profes-sor is not necessarily a poor one and is still (4) _____ by students. Although studentsmay be in a(n) (5)_____ position, some professors treat them as (6)_____.However, no matter how (7) _____ professors would like to be, they still are in aposition of (8)_____.Professors may (9)_____ social relationships with students outside of the class-room, but in the classroom they (10) _____ the instructor's role. A professor mayhave coffee one day with students (11) _____ the next day expect them to(12)_____a deadline for the (13) _____ of a paper or to be prepared(14) _____ a discussion or an exam. The professor may give (15)_____ attentionoutside of class to a student in (16)_____ of help but probably will not treat him orher differently when it (17)_____ evaluating school work. Professors have severalroles (18) _____ students; they may be counselors and friends as well as teachers.Students must (19)_____ that when a teacher's role changes, they must appropriately(20)_____ their behavior and attitudes.(1) A. instructive B. conducive C. constructive D. healthy(2) A. easygoing B. comforting C. carefree D. relaxing(3) A. consultative B. informal C. easy D. casual(4) A. despised B. respected C. neglected D. overlooked(5) A. inferior B. minor C. low D. subordinate(6) A. peers B. colleagues C. friends D. equals(7) A. democratic B. formal C. relaxed D. strict(8) A. authority B. expert C. supervisor D. superior(9) A. build B. set C. get D. establish(10) A. sustain B. support C. maintain D. retain(11) A. but B. hence C. nevertheless D. then(12) A. match B. fulfill C. meet D. satisfy(13) A. submission B. presentation C. delivery D. handing(14) A. for B. with C. against D. of(15) A. due B. extra C. sufficient D. supplementary(16) A. quest B. need C. search D. view(17) A. gets to B. comes to C. reaches D. touches(18) A. with regard to B. in view of C. in relation to D. with reference to(19) A. suppose B. suggest C. realize D. assume(20) A. adopt B. adapt C. adept D. conformPractice 5A superficial (1) _____ of Roget's Thesaurus (^^CN^-) of the English Lan-guage (2) _____ the following facts: the word BLACKNESS has 120 synonyms, 60(3)_____ are distinctly unfavorable, and none even mildly (4) _____.(5)_____ the offending 60 were such words (6) _____: blot, blotch, smut,smudge, sully, begrime, soot, becloud, obscure, dingy, murky, low-toned, threaten- ing, frowning, foreboding, sinister, baneful, dismal, thundery, evil, wicked, deadly, unclean, dirty, etc. ... not to (7) _____20 synonyms (8) _____related to race,such as: Negro, Negress, nigger, darky, blackamoor, etc.When you consider the fact (9) _____ thinking itself is subvocal speech - inother (10) _____, one must use words in order to think at all — you will(11) _____the enormous heritage of racial prejudgment that (12)_____ in waitfor any child born into the English Language. (13)_____ teacher good or bad,white or black, Jew or Gentile, (14) _____ uses the English Language as a(15)_____ of communication is forced, willy-nil^^lI'M^^Mil.^^r^'fP'P , toteach the Negro child 60 ways to (16)_____ himself, and the white child 60 ways to(17) _____ and abet (^t^)him in the crime.Who speaks to me in my mother tongue damns me indeed! ... the English Lan-guage — in which I cannot conceive myself (18) _____ a black man without, at the same time, debasing myself ... my enemy, with which (19)_____ at all I must con- tinually be (20) _____war.第四章语法与词汇Practice 31. The aged _____ now being provided with free medical care in this country.A. isB. areC. wasD. were2. In 1939, _____ in 1941, there was a great surge of patriotic feeling.A. likeB. asC. the same asD. similar to3. The plane flies too _____ to be seen.A. highlyB. higherC. highD. highest4. _____ some countries have ruined their agriculture, squandering money on uneconomic factories,the Ivory Coast has stuck to what it is good at.A. AfterB. DuringC. WhenD. While5. Apparently one person _____ ten now attends a university in this country.A. ofB. overC. inD. from6. All of the plants now raised on farms have been developed from plants _____wild.A. once they grewB. they grew onceC. that once grewD. once grew7. This is the best book _____ this year.A. appearingB. having appearedC. to appearD. appeared8. What annoys me is that tomorrow _____ the third time I _____ take my car in to be repaired.A. is ... have toB. will be ... have had toC. is ... will have toD. will be ... have to9. Our neighbours have _____ ours.A. as a big house asB. as big a house asC. a big house as same asD. a house the same big as10. She is _____ biting her nails.A. oftenB. usuallyC. continuallyD. hardly11. It is ten years since I _____ you last.A. seeB. sawC. didn't seeD. haven't seen12. _____ is such a spitfire.A. His that third brotherB. His third that brotherC. That third brother of hisD. That his third brother13. I owe a special debt of _____ to my wife and child for their willingness to put up with my frequent bouts of ill temper or sheer absent-mindedness while I was writing the book.A. thankB. thankingC. thanksD. thankings14. Which of the following is CORRECT?A. Not on any account should such disasters be repeated.B. On no account should such disasters be repeated.C. Not on any account such disasters should be repeated.D. On no account such disasters should be repeated.15. An application to join this scheme places you under no obligation _____.A. indeedB. eventuallyC. apartD. whatsoever16.We covered a wide _____ of topics in the interview.A. extentB. collectionC. numberD. range17. What you say is true, but you could have _____ it more tactfully.A. talkedB. phrasedC. observedD. remarked18. If you are under 18, you are not _____ to join this club.A. legitimateB. legibleC. eligibleD. permissible19. When I arrived in this country I had to start learning the language from _____.A. scratchB. introductionC. ignoranceD. blank20．I spoke to him, but he was too _____ to hear what I said.A. preoccupiedB. concentratedC. attentiveD. thoughtful21. To _____ greater accuracy, we will double-check all invoices before they leave the office.A. assureB. ensureC. insureD. ascertain22.His letter was so confused that I could hardly make any _____ of it at all.A. interpretationB. messageC. senseD. meaning23. According to the weather forecast, which is usually _____, it will snow this afternoon.A. accurateB. preciseC. exactD. perfect24. I cannot bear the noise of my brother's radio; it _____ me from my work.A. disturbsB. perturbsC. interruptsD. distracts25. I congratulate you on your _____ in jewelry.A. selectionB. choiceC. flavourD. taste26. Even though the football match was not very exciting, the _____ managed to make it soundinteresting.A. commentatorB. newscasterC. announcerD. narrator27. Ask the publishers to send you their latest _____ of English textbooks.A. catalogueB. brochureC. pamphletD. booklet28. I haven't the _____ idea of what you mean.A. lightestB. dimmestC. faintestD. smallest29. — I'm glad to see you looking so well.— Yes, I feel as _____ as a fiddle.A. wellB. straightC. fitD. fine30. I only know that it is true that he has broken _____ his engagement to Pamela.A. offB. withC. upD. downPractice 41. He lost his job _____ no fault of his own.A. throughB. byC. withD. over2. He didn't know anyone at the wedding _____ than the bride and groom.A. exceptB. otherC. apartD. rather第五章阅读理解20. The purpose of the last paragraph is to indicate _____.A. a link between success in interview and personalityB. connections between work abilities and personalityC. differences in interview experienceD. differences in personal behaviour————————PRACTICE 3 ——————————In this section there are several passages followed by several questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer.TEXT AAll Eskimos live most of their lives close to sea or fresh water. They may follow game inland for several hundred miles, but they always return to the shores of rivers, lakes, or seas. Eskimo land has a bare look. Large rocks, pebbles, and sand cover much of the surface. Plants called lichen (地衣) grow right on rock. And where there is enough soil, even grass, flowers, and small bushes manage to live. No trees can grow on Eskimo land, so geographers sometimes call this country the Arctic plains. Some animals, such as rabbits, eat the plants. Others, like the white fox and gray wolf, eat the rabbits. The Eskimo is a meat-eater, too, and may even eat a wolf when food is scarce.The Eskimo year has two main parts; a long, cold winter and a short, cool summer. Spring and fall are almost too short to be noticed. Summer is the good time, when food is usually plentiful. But it is also the time when the Eskimos are very busy. Winter is never far away, and the men must bring home extra meat for the women to prepare and store. For seldom can enough animals be killed in winter to feed a family.The Far North is sometimes called the land of the midnight sun. This is true in the middle of summer, for between April 21st and August 21st the sun never sets in Northern Greenland. But in midwinter the Far North is a land with no sun shining at all. Around Oct. 21st the Eskimos of Northern Greenland see the sun setting straight south of them, and they don't see it again until February 22nd. All places on earth get about the same amount of daylight during a year. As a result, if summer is lighter, winter has to be darker.Winter nights in the Far North are seldom pitch-black. As in the rest of the world, the stars and moon provide a little light. The northern lights also help the Eskimo to see. And with the ground covered with snow, even a little light is reflected back to the Eskimo's eyes.1. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Eskimos do not normally eat wolves.B. Eskimos like to chase one another.C. Eskimos depend heavily on water.D. Eskimos are meat-eaters.2. In the Eskimo year, _____.A. there are no spring and fallB. winter is cold and summer is hotC. summer is a time for growing foodD. winter comes early and goes late3. From the passage, we can infer all EXCEPT that _____.A. Eskimos are more likely to eat wolves in summerB. Eskimo women are responsible for houseworkC. animal meat is Eskimos' main source of foodD. hunting is an important part of Eskimo life4. In midwinter there is no sun shining in the Far North because _____.A. the Far North is too far away from the sunB. the sun is not seen again for six monthsC. the sun never sets in midsummerD. people see the sun setting straight south of themTEXT BConcern with money, and then more money, in order to buy the conveniences and luxuries of modern life, has brought great changes to the lives of most Frenchmen. More people are working than ever before in France. In the cities the traditional leisurely midday meal is disappearing. Offices, shops, and factories are discovering the greater efficiency of a short lunch hour in company lunchrooms. In almost all lines of work emphasis now falls on ever-increasing output. Thus the typical Frenchman produces more, earns more, and buys more consumer goods than his counterpart of only a generation ago. He gains in creative comforts and ease of life. What he loses to some extent is his sense of personal uniqueness, or individuality.Some say that France has been Americanized. This is because the United States is a world symbol of the technological society and its consumer products. The so-called Americanization of France has its critics. They fear that "assembly-line life" will lead to the disappearance of the pleasures of the more graceful and leisurely (but less productive) old French style. What will happen, they ask, to taste, elegance, and the cultivation of the good things in life — to joy in the smell of a freshly picked apple, a stroll by the river, or just happy hours of conversation in a local cafe?Since the late 1950's life in France has indeed taken on qualities of rush, tension, and the pursuit of material gain. Some of the strongest critics of the new way of life are the young, especially university students. They are concerned with the future, and they fear that France is threatened by the triumph of this competitive, goods-oriented culture. Occasionally, they have reacted against the trend with considerable violence.In spite of the critics, however, countless Frenchmen are committed to keeping France in theforefront of the modern economic world. They find that the present life brings more rewards, conveniences, and pleasures than that of the past. They believe that a modern, industrial France is preferable to the old.5. Which of the following is NOT given as a feature of the old French way of life?A. Leisure.B. Elegance.C. Efficiency.D. Taste.6. Which of the following is INCORRECT about Frenchmen?A. Many of them prefer the modern life style.B. They enjoy working at the assembly line.C. They are more concerned with money.D. They are more competitive than before.7. The passage suggests that _____.A. in pursuing material gains the French are suffering lossesB. it's now unlikely to see a Frenchman enjoying a stroll by the riverC. the French are fed up with the smell of freshly picked applesD. great changes have occurred in the life style of all Frenchmen8. Which of the following is TRUE about the critics?A. Critics are greater in number than people enjoying the new way of life.B. Student critics are greater in number than critics in other fields.C. Student critics have, on occasion, used violent means against the trend.D. Critics are concerned solely with the present and not the future.TEXT CDid you know that all human beings have a "comfort zone" regulating the distance they stand from someone when they talk? This distance varies in interesting ways among people of different cultures.Greeks, others of the Eastern Mediterranean, and many of those from South America normally stand quite close together when they talk, often moving their faces even closer as they warm up in a conversation. North Americans find this awkward and often back away a few inches. Studies have found that they tend to feel most comfortable at about 21 inches apart. In much of Asia and Africa, there is even more space between two speakers in conversation. This greater space subtly lends an air of dignity and respect. This matter of space is nearly always unconscious, but it is interesting to observe.This difference applies also to the closeness with which people sit together, the extent to which they lean over one another in conversation, how they move as they argue or make an emphatic point. In the United States, for example, people try to keep their bodies apart even in a crowded elevator; in Paris they take it as it comes!Although North Americans have a relatively wide "comfort zone" for talking, they communicate a great deal with their hands — not only with gesture but also with touch. They put asympathetic hand on a person's shoulder to demonstrate warmth of feeling or an arm around him in sympathy; they nudge a man in the ribs to emphasize a funny story; they pat an arm in reassurance or stroke a child's head in affection; they readily take someone's arm to help him across a street or direct him along an unfamiliar route. To many people — especially those from Asia or the Moslem countries — such bodily contact is unwelcome, especially if inadvertently done with the left hand. (The left hand carries no special significance in the U.S. Many Americans are simply left-handed and use that hand more.)9. In terms of bodily distance. North Americans_____.A. are similar to South AmericansB. stand farthest apartC- feel ill at ease when too close D. move nearer during conversations10. For Asians, the comfort zone_____.A, is deliberately determined B. measures 21 inchesC. varies according to statusD. implies esteem11. When Americans tell a joke, they often _____.A. pat people on the headB. give people a hugC. dig people in the ribsD. touch people on the arm12. The passage mainly concerns _____.A. distance and bodily contactB. body languageC. cultural differencesD. hand signalsTEXT DApple Computer, Inc. is an American personal computer manufacturer with headquarters in California. Apple designs, produces, and sells personal computer systems for use in business, education, government, and the home. Its products are sold in more than 120 countries.Apple was formed by Steven Jobs and Stephen Wozniak in 1976 to market the Apple I, a computer circuit board. They abandoned their plan to sell the board alone when Jobs's first sales order was for 50 units. They were, however, sold without monitor or keyboard. In January 1977 Mike Markkula became chairman of the company.He brought credibility, maturity, engineering and product management experience, and an extremely broad-based knowledge of the business world, as well as investment cash of his own and business contacts.In 1977 and years afterwards, Apple introduced the Apple II and the Lisa, personal computers able to generate colour pictures, with their own keyboard, power supply, and eight slots for peripheral devices. In 1982 it became the first personal computer company to reach an annual sales rate of $1 billion. The Lisa was followed by the Macintosh personal computer. In 1986 Apple entered the office market with the introduction of its Mac Plus and LaserWriter Printer, a combination that contributed to the desktop publishing revolution.The late 1980' s and early 1990^ were a time of change at Apple. In the late 1980^ Apple's net income increased substantially, and in 1990 Apple introduced a new line of Macintosh computers,priced at 50 percent less than previous models to attract new customers to the Macintosh. In addition to the expansion of the Macintosh line, Apple extended its system software. In 1992 Apple introduced the family of Macintosh PowerBook computers and the multimedia software Quicklime, which allowed computer applications to incorporate text, pictures, video, and sound.In 1993 the company introduced the Newton, a hand-held communications device with several functions including the ability to translate handwriting into typewritten text. In 1994 Apple formed a new partnership with IBM to produce the PowerPC, a computer capable of running both companies' software. After a year of solid growth, Apple's fortunes declined again in 1995. A string of problems led to slow sales and a $ 69 million loss in the last quarter of 1995.In February 1996 Gilbert F. Amelio became chief executive officer of Apple Computer. Despite a $ 740 million loss in the first quarter of 1996, Apple rejected a number of proposed mergers. In May 1996 Amelio announced a plan for revitalizing the company. Apple plans to encourage other companies to develop applications for the Apple platform, reduce the number of Macintosh product lines, and focus on improved crossplatform Internet and multimedia capabilities.13. The difference between Apple I and Apple II is that _____.A. Apple I was a complete unit with certain accessoriesB. Apple I was just a circuit board without other devicesC. Apple II was mainly aimed at professional usersD. Apple II was sold with add-on peripheral devices14. Which of the following Apple products incorporates multimedia functions?A. The Lisa.B. PowerBook.C. Quicklime.D. The Newton.15. Which of the following statements about Apple is NOT true?A. Apple's business in computer manufacturing was superb in mid 1980's.B. Apple's Macintosh was a breakthrough in desktop publication technology.C. Power PC is a compatible product developed in cooperation with IBM.D. Apple continued to be successful in the computer industry throughout 1990's.TEXT EEvery year thousands of people are arrested and taken to court for shop-lifting. In Britain alone, about HK$ 3,000,000's worth of goods are stolen from shops every week. This amounts to something like HK$ 150 million a year, and represents about 4 per cent of the shops' total stock. As a result of this "shrinkage” as the shops call it, the honest public has to pay higher prices.Shop-lifters can be divided into three main categories: the professionals, the deliberate amateurs, and the people who just can't help themselves. The professionals do not pose much of a problem for the store detectives, who, assisted by closed circuit television, two-way mirrors and various other technological devices, can usually cope with them. The professionals tend to go for high value goods in parts of the shops where security measures are tightest. And, in any case, they account for only a small percentage of the total losses due to shop-lifting.The same applies to the deliberate amateur who is, so to speak, a professional in training. Most of them get caught sooner or later, and they are dealt with severely by the courts.The real problem is the person who gives way to a sudden temptation and is in all other respects an honest and law-abiding citizen. Contrary to what one would expect, this kind of shop-lifter is rarely poor. He does not steal because he needs the goods and cannot afford to pay for them. He steals because he simply cannot stop himself. And there are countless others who, because of age, sickness or plain absent-mindedness, simply forget to pay for what they take from the shops. When caught, all are liable to prosecution, and the decision whether to send for the police or not is in the hands of the store manager.In order to prevent the quite incredible growth in shop-lifting offences, some stores, in fact, are doing their best to separate the thieves from the confused by prohibiting customers from taking bags into the store. However, what is most worrying about the whole problem is, perhaps, that it is yet another instance of the innocent majority being penalized and inconvenienced because of the actions of a small minority. It is the aircraft hijack situation in another form. Because of the possibility of one passenger in a million boarding an aircraft with a weapon, the other 999,999 passengers must subject themselves to searches and delays. Unless the situation in the shops improves, in ten years' time we may all have to subject ourselves to a body-search every time we go into a store to buy a tin of beans!16. Why does the honest public have to pay higher prices when they go to the shops?A. There is a “shrinkage" in market values.B. Many goods are not available.C. Goods in many shops lack variety.D. There are many cases of shop-lifting.17. The third group of people steal things because they _____.A. are mentally illB. are quite absent-mindedC. can not resist the temptationD. can not afford to pay for goods18. According to the passage, law-abiding citizens _____.A. can possibly steal things because of their povertyB. can possibly take away goods without payingC. have never stolen goods from the supermarketsD. are difficult to be caught when they steal things19. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the main types of shop-lifting?A. A big percentage of the total losses are caused by the professionals.B. The deliberate amateurs will be punished severely if they get caught.C. People would expect that those who can't help themselves are poor.D. The professionals don't cause a lot of trouble to the store detectives.20. The aircraft hijack situation is used in order to show that _____.A. the professionals do not pose much of a problem for the stores。
大学英语四级专项指南电子版
大学英语四级专项指南电子版Here is an essay on the topic "A Comprehensive Guide to the College English Test Level 4 (CET-4) in Digital Format" with a word count exceeding 1,000 words, written in English without any additional titles or superfluous punctuation marks.The College English Test Level 4 (CET-4) is a standardized English proficiency examination that is widely recognized in China. It is a crucial assessment for many college students as it serves as a benchmark for their English language abilities. In recent years, the availability of a digital version of the CET-4 guide has become increasingly important, providing students with a comprehensive and accessible resource to prepare for this significant test.One of the primary advantages of the digital format of the CET-4 guide is its convenience. Students can access the guide anytime, anywhere, thanks to the ubiquity of digital devices and the internet. This flexibility allows them to study and practice at their own pace, fitting the preparation into their busy schedules. Additionally, the digital format often includes interactive features, such as practice tests, audio recordings, and video tutorials, which can enhance the learning experience and make the preparation process moreengaging.Another key benefit of the digital CET-4 guide is the breadth of content it offers. Traditional printed guides may be limited in the scope of information they provide, but the digital format allows for a more comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of the test. This includes detailed explanations of the test structure, question types, and scoring criteria, as well as strategies and techniques for effectively tackling each section of the exam. Moreover, the digital guide may provide access to a vast database of practice questions, allowing students to thoroughly prepare and identify their strengths and weaknesses.The digital CET-4 guide also offers the advantage of personalized learning. Many digital platforms incorporate features that enable students to track their progress, receive personalized feedback, and even generate customized study plans based on their individual performance and needs. This level of personalization can be particularly beneficial for students who require more targeted support or who struggle with specific aspects of the test.Furthermore, the digital format of the CET-4 guide often includes additional resources that can supplement the learning process. These may include video lectures, interactive exercises, and online forums where students can connect with peers and instructors to discussquestions, share insights, and receive guidance. This comprehensive approach to learning can help students develop a deeper understanding of the test content and improve their overall English proficiency.One of the notable advantages of the digital CET-4 guide is its environmental sustainability. By transitioning from physical textbooks to digital resources, the environmental impact of producing and distributing printed materials is significantly reduced. This aligns with the growing trend towards more eco-friendly practices in education and contributes to the larger goal of sustainability.Additionally, the digital format of the CET-4 guide allows for frequent updates and revisions, ensuring that the content remains relevant and aligned with the latest test format and requirements. This is particularly important in a constantly evolving assessment landscape, where changes in the test structure or question types can significantly impact a student's preparation strategy.However, it is important to acknowledge that the digital format of the CET-4 guide may not be equally accessible to all students. Some individuals may have limited access to digital devices or stable internet connections, particularly in remote or underdeveloped areas. In such cases, the availability of physical textbooks or alternativelearning resources may still be necessary to ensure equitable access to CET-4 preparation materials.Despite this potential limitation, the overall benefits of the digital CET-4 guide make it a valuable resource for students preparing for this important English proficiency test. The convenience, comprehensive content, personalized learning, and environmental sustainability of the digital format contribute to a more efficient and effective preparation experience.As the demand for digital educational resources continues to grow, the CET-4 guide in digital format will likely become an increasingly essential tool for students seeking to excel in this significant English language assessment. By leveraging the advantages of technology, the digital CET-4 guide empowers students to take control of their learning, optimize their preparation, and ultimately achieve their academic and professional goals.。
大学英语四级新题型考试指南答案
大学英语四级新题型考试指南答案English:In the new format of the College English Test (CET) Band 4, there are several changes that test-takers need to be aware of. Firstly, the new test includes a listening and writing section, in addition to the original reading and writing sections. This means that test-takers will need to not only demonstrate their understanding of written passages, but also their ability to comprehend spoken English and write coherent and well-structured responses. Secondly, the new test places greater emphasis on practical English skills, such as note-taking and summarizing information from listening passages. This shift reflects the real-world demands of English proficiency, as individuals often need to understand and summarize information from meetings, lectures, and presentations in their academic and professional lives. Lastly, the new test requires test-takers to integrate their language skills by synthesizing information from different sources. This means that test-takers will need to demonstrate their ability to draw connections between written and spoken materials, and to effectively communicate their synthesized understanding in writing. Overall, the new format of the CET Band 4test requires test-takers to not only have a strong grasp of English language mechanics, but also to apply their language skills in practical and integrated ways.中文翻译:在大学英语四级考试的新题型中，有几个变化需要考生注意。
新向标大学英语四级考试专项指南答案大全
新向标大学英语四级考试专项指南答案大全A Complete Guide to the New Horizon College English CET-4 ExamIntroduction:The College English Test Level 4 (CET-4) is the most widely taken English proficiency exam in China. It is a crucial requirement for undergraduate students to showcase their English language proficiency in listening, reading, writing, and translation skills.As the exam approaches, it is essential for students to prepare thoroughly to achieve satisfactory results. This comprehensive guide will provide you with all the necessary information, tips, and resources to help you excel in the New Horizon College English CET-4 exam.Exam Format:The CET-4 exam consists of four sections:Listening Comprehension: This section tests your ability to understand spoken English in various contexts, including conversations, lectures, and interviews.Reading Comprehension: This section assesses your reading skills by analyzing your comprehension of short passages and longer texts on various topics.Writing: This section requires you to write essays or reports on assigned topics to demonstrate your ability to express your thoughts clearly and coherently in written English.Translation: This section evaluates your proficiency in translating English sentences into Chinese and vice versa.Exam Tips:Understand the Exam Structure: Familiarize yourself with the exam format and the types of questions that will be asked in each section. Practice past exam papers to get a sense of the exam's difficulty level.Improve Your Vocabulary: Work on expanding your vocabulary by learning new words and phrases in context. Use flashcards or vocabulary apps to help you memorize and retain new words.Practice Listening Skills: Listen to English podcasts, watch English movies or TV shows, and practice listening to different accents to improve your listening comprehension skills.Read Widely: Read English newspapers, magazines, and books on a variety of topics to improve your reading comprehension skills and expose yourself to different writing styles.Practice Writing: Practice writing essays, reports, and summaries on a regular basis to improve your writing skills and develop your ability to express your ideas clearly and concisely.Practice Translation: Practice translating English sentences into Chinese and vice versa to improve your translation skills and familiarize yourself with the types of questions that may appear in this section.Answer Key:Listening Comprehension:Section A:1. C2. B3. A4. B5. ASection B:6. C7. B8. A9. A 10. BReading Comprehension:Passage 1:11. D 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. DPassage 2:16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. CWriting:Essay 1: Advantages and Disadvantages of Social MediaIntroductionSocial media has become an integral part of our daily lives, offering numerous benefits such as instant communication and information sharing. However, it also has its drawbacks, including privacy concerns and the spread of misinformation.Advantages of Social MediaOne of the main advantages of social media is its ability to connect people from all over the world, allowing for easy communication and networking. Social media platforms also provide a platform for businesses to promote their products and services to a global audience. Additionally, social media offers a space for individuals to express themselves creatively and share their thoughts and ideas with others.Disadvantages of Social MediaOn the other hand, social media has several disadvantages, including the potential for the spread of fake news and misinformation. Privacy concerns are another issue, as users may unknowingly share sensitive personal information on social media platforms. Moreover, spending too much time on social media can lead to feelings of isolation and reduced productivity.ConclusionIn conclusion, social media has both advantages and disadvantages. It is essential for users to be aware of the potential risks associated with social media and take precautions to protect their privacy and well-being.Essay 2: The Impact of Technology on EducationIntroductionTechnology has revolutionized the education sector, transforming the way students learn and teachers teach. In recent years, the integration of technology in education has become increasingly prevalent, with schools and universities adopting digital tools and platforms to enhance the learning experience.Impact on LearningOne of the main impacts of technology on education is the ability to personalize learning, allowing students to learn at their own pace and style. Technology also facilitates collaboration among students and teachers, allowing for a more interactive and engaging learning experience. Additionally, digital tools can provide instant feedback on student performance, helping teachers to identify areas of improvement and tailor their teaching methods accordingly.Impact on TeachingTechnology has also had a significant impact on teaching practices, enabling teachers to create interactive lessons and multimedia resources to enhance student engagement. Online platforms and resources provide teachers with access to a wealth of educational materials, making it easier to deliver personalized and relevant content to students. Moreover, technology has enabled educators to connect with students outside the classroom through online forums and virtual learning environments.ConclusionIn conclusion, technology has had a profound impact on education, revolutionizing the way students learn and teachers teach. It is essential for educators to embrace technology andintegrate it effectively into their teaching practices to enhance the learning experience and prepare students for the digital age.Translation:Translate the following sentence from English to Chinese:"The best way to predict the future is to create it."Answer: "预测未来最好的方法就是创造它。
英语专业四级答案「完整版」
xx年英语专业四级答案「完整版」英语专业四级考试的范围包括根底阶段教学大纲所规定的一至四级除读音和说的技能以外的全部内容。
下面是分享的英语专业四级考试答案，欢送大家阅读!Think Positive and Feel PositiveAre you confident or insecure in a difficult situation? / Do you react positively or negatively? / The answer may depend in par t on whom you’re around. / A study found that negative thinking can be contagious in some cases. / For example, the researchers studied 103 college roommates. / They measured each roommate’s tendency towards negative thinking. / It was found that thinking patterns can be contagious. / Students with a negative thinking roommate became more depressed themselves, / and students with more positive thinking roommates / were more likely to bee more positive as well.SECTION A TALK1. suess2. challenging settings3. National Spelling Contest4. passion and perseverance5. future a reality6. marathon7. grittier8. measures of talent9. not fixed / changeable10. a temporary conditionSECTION B CONVERSATIONS1. Why does the woman call the man?答案：[D] To tell the man the procedure of the interview.2. What kind of questions can the man ask in the interview?答案：[A] Questions related to the job.3. Which is the last part of the interview?答案：[C]Presentation from the interviewee.4. What might be expected from the man’s presentation?答案：[D]Company future and his contribution.5. When is the interview scheduled?答案：[B]11 a.m. ，next Thursday.6. What is the interview mainly about?答案：[C] How to handle the problem of college loans.7. How does the cost of college education change every year?答案：[A]It was increased by 6 to 8%.8. What is used to measure student loan debt as a guideline?答案：[B]First year salary after graduation.9. What is the advantage of joining a college savings plan?答案：[D]Students withdraw without paying tax.10. What is the possible social cost of a college loan?答案：[A]Giving up charitable or volunteer work.11. How can I concentrate if you continually me with silly questions?答案：[A] have...interrupted12. Among the four sentences below, Sentence expresses the highest degree of possibility.答案：[D] It should take a long time to find a solution to the problem.13. She is a better speaker than in the class.答案：[A] any boy14. Nobody heard him sing, ?答案：[D] did they15. I can’t put up with .答案：[B] that friend of yours16. There has been an increasing number of in primary schools in the past few years.答案：[D] men teachers17. This is one of the issues that deserve .答案：[B] mentioning18. The audience excited on seeing favorite starglide onto the stage.答案：[A] were...their19. your advice, I would have made the wrong decision.答案：[B] Had it not been for20. The sentence I wish I had been more careful in spending money expresses the speaker’s .答案：[C] regret21. The Attorney General ordered a federal autopsy of Brown’s body, seeking to the family and munity there would be a thorough investigation into his death.答案：[C] assure22. The police department came under strong criticism for both the death of an unarmed man and its handling of the .答案：[D] aftermath23. The Foreign Secretary tried to doubts about his handling of the crisis.答案：[A] dispel24. Mutual funds are thus best for investors who don’t want to take the time to study stocks in detail or who the resources to build a portfolio.答案：[B] lack25. Chris ran John at a sporting-goods trade show and the two quickly struck an easy rapport.答案：[A] into...up26. “I am leaving the country soon,” he told a convened group of reporters.答案：[C] specially27. Israel and Hamas had reached a deal on extending the ceasefire by an extra 24 hours until Tuesday at midnight.答案：[D] temporary28. to unplugging the alarm clock and trusting your ability to wake on time on your own, you should probably ease yourself into the new arrangement by keeping a very regular schedule for several weeks.答案：[B] Prior29. If you are an athlete, strong abdominal muscles help you ensure a strong back and freedom from injury during upper-body movement.答案：[D] vigorous30. Finning is a cruel in which the shark’s fins are lopped off, and the live shark is thrown back to sea.答案：[C] practice。
大学英语四级新题型考试指南答案
大学英语四级新题型考试指南答案下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor.I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copy excerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!大学英语四级新题型考试全面指南及答题策略一、引言大学英语四级考试，作为中国大学生必备的英语能力测试，其题型的更新旨在更好地评估学生的实际英语应用能力。
英语四级答案2023上半年
英语四级答案2023上半年英语四级答案2023上半年（第一套）一、听力答案1. D) She was accused of violating a city law.2. A) It will take time to solve the rat problem.3. B) Work in an environrment resembling Mars.4. A) Ready-made food.5.C) He bit a softball player s Olympic gold medal..6.D) Pay for the cost of a new one.7.C) Treat them as treasures.8. A) She covered its screen with a plastic sheet.9.B) It includes unnatural light.10.D) He has been burdened with excessive work.11.B) Sleep may be more important than people. assumod.12.A) what they wanted to be when grown up. 13.C) A mechanical engineer.14.C) Imaginative.15.B) Help their kids understand themselves.16. D) Promote Internet-ready phones17. A) They cater to Africans needs18. B) An old-school keypad.19. C) It was cheaper than using fossil fuel plastic.20. D) A rapid increase in U.S. petroleum chemical production.21. D) Take measures to promote the use of recycled plastic.22. B) It rents a place for nap-takers.23. C) To understand the obvious importance of napping24. B) They depend on his ability to concentrate.25. A) Some bosses associate napping with laziness.二、选词填空26-30 L B E N F31-35 0CIKM26.L sew27.B abundant28.E exact29.N statistics30.F increasingly31.O textile32.C awareness33.I nearly34.K reducing35.M shrink三、信息匹配标题The spoken web答案参考36-40 FKHDJ41-45 MCGEJ36.[ F ] The service was designed to be cheap and easy to runsays Mr Dittoh.37.[ K ] Doctors completing online forms about their patients by speech for exampleca……38.[ H ] Even turning your voice into text - autornatic speech recognition - isoneofthe39.[ D ] That is the situation facing illiterate African farmers . They are often denied crucial information the web offers many others .40.[ J ] cThey worry assistants will one day be used to deliver advertising directly to us .41.[ M ] Usingvoicealso makes sensewhen you re doing other things with your hands .42.[ C ] Somethinkvoicecould soon takeove from typing and clicking as the main way to interactonline .43.[ G ] But building the spoken we - web - to veiceand-voice-to - web isn t straight forward .44.[ E ] Yet knowing when its going to rain is vital for farmers wanting to sow seedsirrigate ....45.[ J ] Our phones are always near us and they are collecting data about us……四、仔细阅读第一篇46.B)A reward for industriousness47.A)…… qualities of life flower has become lower.48.A)……moral principle49.D) …… at the expense of the poor.50.C)More public space create for everyone to enjoy.第二篇51.B) They are more ambitious than ordinary people.52.A) Ambitious people may not have a greater chance of success.53.B) Being able to adopt to new stuation.54.C) It means the end of career.55.D) Prioritize health and happiness overMaterial success.英语四级答案2023上半年（第二套）一、听力答案1.A)A man was bitten by a snake.2. D) Who owned the snake.3. A) Taking her trash out in fancy dresses.4. B) To amuse people.5.C) Have a meal even if they have no money.6.C) It originated from a donation to her staff.7.B) More people have been giving than taking.8.A) He is a psychologist.9. D) Why friends break off contact all of a sudden.10. C) They scream to get their parents back..11. A) They may regard any difference as the end of a relationship.12.C) Their quality.14.B) They are natural.16. A) He desires more in life.13.A) Jeans are a typicat American garment.15.D) They are worth the price.17. D) It is relatively predictable.18. D) They are too simple.19. B) it can help connect people.20. B) Make them more open to learning.21. C) Convey fundamental values.22. B) Immigrants have been contributing to the U.S.23. D) More of them are successful business people.24. C) Their level of debt is lower than that of native born Americans.25. A) Keep their traditional values and old habits.二、选词填空26-30: H O I N C; 31-35:L D M A G26.H located27.0 scheduled28.1 mostly29.N rising30.C crucial31.L pioneer32.D depend33.M potential34. A affordable35.G just三、信息匹配36-40 GLDAM41-45 JFCHK36[ G ] Increased digital access for fansa , a more beh - nind - the - scenes experience for broadcast viewers and inno - vation in areas like virtual reality - what is it like to sped around a track inside a Perrari are among the possibilities .37[ L ] He recalled attending Formula One s Monaco race last year and being overwhelmed by the ceremony leading up to the event , the way the race charmed the city for days ahead of the start .38[ D ] Among the goals , Carey said in an interview on Tuesday , is one that just abou tevery global sport seems in - terested in chasing : increasing interest in the United States .39[ A ] For the past four decades the leader of Formula One car racing , one of the biggest annual sporting series in the world , was Bernie Eccle - stone , a former motorcycle parts dealer who built it into an international presence essentially on his own .40[ M ] He was fascinated ." You can t help but be awed ," he said ," and I think that feeling can be translated to the viewer ."41[ J ] At Fox Broadcasting Company , he was a top advisor for years , known for his skill in helping to lead the launch of the company into sports , as well as the start of Fox News Channel .42[ F ]... and second , alter the way fans experience the within the sport both in person and remotely , so that con - nections between the audience and people within the series are easier to make .43[ C ]… Chase Carey - a former executive with Fox Broad - casting Company and Direc TV who by his own admission is not a fierce racing fan ……44[ H ] The larger question , though , is a familiar one : Is there room for Formula One in the ever - crowded sports landscape of the United States ? Opinions vary , particularly because viewing habits among consumers continue to evolve .45[ K ] It s about speed , danger and risk . And Formula One has that more than any other racing series .四、仔细阅读超市46.(B)They have been losing and profits.47.(B)It originated in the Unite States.48.(D)They revolutionized the distribution of goods.49.(C)Induce customers to make more unplanned purchases.50.(A)They use tricky strategies to promote their business.暑假51.(A)Students neededs to help farm work.52(D)It will strengthen their relationship with teacher.53.(D)It contributes to students‘healthy growth.54.(A)It does little good to most students.55.(D)Outdated.英语四级答案2023上半年（第三套）一、听力答案：略二、选词填空答案速查26-30 GNDFH31-35 KECIM26. G) daily27. N) symptoms28. D) classified29. F) come30. H) definitely31. K) inactive32. E) clearing33. C) bond34.I) distractions35.M) reaping三、信息匹配参考答案36-40 FCJEB41-45 LGDIL36.[ F ] Today , the dancers travel across Chinatown going from business to business to bring good luck for the comingyear .37.[ C ] But the club also acts as a recreation center and safe haven (庇护所) for teenagers , with video games readily available .38.[ J ] But what makes you a competent lion dancer is that there sa sense of imagination involved .39.[ E ] It is believed that the lion dance began in the third century . Stories vary about how lion dancing came to be , but most of them includea monster named Nian who would terrorize a village .40.{ B ] Teenagers comprise about half of the group , many of whom began lion dancing at the age of 14.41.[ L ] I value my culture and tradition , being Chinese or Asian - Americanl have a lot of pride in that , he said .42.[ G ] As one person controls the head , a second follows under a train of fabric representing the body .43.[ D ]" We re abigfamily " he said , shaking hands with other members as they walked through the doors You know everyone .44.{ I ] Mr.Chan , who has been involved with the club for nearly 50 years , said that passing the dance from one generation to the next was vital .45.{ L ] Mr.Le comes by the dance as a legacy (传承)." T was born intoit " Mr.Le said , noting that his uncle and father were club members .四、仔细阅读团建46.(A)They consider such exercises annoying.47.(B)They rearranged staff office and space.48.(D)They were regarded as an instruction into employees‘private lives.49.(B)By applying it to employees who volunteer to participate.50.(D)They have to be applied cautiously to be effective.流浪汉51.(A)To combat the county’s homeless.52.(C)They are responsible for their own condition.53.(A)They find it increasing difficult to afford a place to live.54.(C)The increase in new housing falls short of the demand of the growing homeless population.55.(D)They no longer find it shocking.2023年上半年英语四级作文1：社区服务参考范文：Nowadays community service has been placed more importance in our society. As aging society and empty-nest elderly has been proliferating in the entire society, it calls forcommunity service to assist in tending to the elderly and pre-school children.To ensure high-quality community service,relevant administrationshould take the lead inputting forward regulations and order to promote a cooperating environment, so that thecommunity staff can better carry out their work, or engage more people to join their cause, for example, organizing voluntary team to help with caring for the elderly residents and pre-school children in the community. In this way, the community as a whole can enjoy a moreharmonious and secured rapport, which serves as the basis of any possible development.Taking into account what has been mentioned, concerted efforts in the whole society are needed to promote the community’s ability to enhance their service.2：人际关系参考范文：Friendship is an indispensable thing in our lives. On our long journey of life, we will encounter various people and make various friends. We should learn how to maintain good friendships with friends or classmates and experience the benefits that friendship brings to us.In daily life, we can demonstrate the good character of being helpful when our friends or classmates encounter difficulties, and comfort them when they are feeling down. This is beneficial for maintaining friendship between both parties.Having good friendships and getting along well and harmoniously with friends can help us achieve success in our studies. When encountering difficulties in learning, we can not only seek the help of teachers, but also seek the help of friends and classmates. Their answers are also the key to our success in learning. In addition, when encountering difficulties in life that you cannot solve, attentive and enthusiastic friends will also bring warmth to you, which will be something worth remembering for a lifetime.In short, friendship is an essential thing in our lives, and with it, our path of life can be smoother.3：对网课的看法范文参考：Online learning has become an option because it provides flexible learning opportunities. This method has ensured that students do not get left behind on their academic study, however, some problems have also emerged during the course.Since online learning lacks interaction compared with face-to-face teaching, it requires more attention and concentration. Sometimes, students find it so demanding to keep concentrated, and finally turn to some irrelevant online resources instead of academic study. To make sure that they stay tuned, some monitoring software can be ordered to download to ensure they are not browsing other websites while taking online courses. The increasing time students spending in digital devices also pose problems to their health. Thus, schools should encourage their students to do regular exercises such as stretches and eye massages during the break, and some guiding handbooks can be a good start.The advance of technology should not come with the cost of loosing its original purpose, so does remote study. So we should do our utmost in doing away its possible detriments to the young.2023年上半年英语四级翻译1：高等教育改革开放40多年以来，中国政府对高等教育越来越重视，高等教育已经进入稳步发展阶段。
2023年大学生英语四级考试答案(完整版)
2023年大学生英语四级考试答案（完整版）〔作文〕第一套：Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minuites to write an essay on whether technology will make people lay. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Addited to technologyNowadays, there has been a heated discussion over whether people are becoming addicted to technology. Views on the topic vary greatly among people from different walks of life. Some believe that technology is part of our life, but others are concerned that we are too dependent on technology.I agree with the former, and there are two major reasons. Firstly, it is undeniable that people can’t live without technology in the modern society. Things such as our mobile phones, computers, transportation systems are all products of technological development. Secondly, we used to eat at home or restaurants daily, but now online food ordering has become prevalent, especially among full-time workers. The new way of life has brought us much convenience, which is obviously proved during the pandemic in this year.From my perspective, it is crucial that our society should encourage people to embrace the convenience brought byadvanced technologies and use technology in a rational way. Only by doing so can we achieve greater success.作文其次套：Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minuites to write an essay on Do Violent Games Cause Student Violence. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. violence in video gamesNowadays, there has been a heated debate over whether violence depicted in video games can trigger real-world violence. Views on the topic vary greatly. Some believe that video games are harmless, but others are concerned that it might lead to violent behaviors among youngsters.I agree with the latter, and there are two major reasons. Firstly, unlike TV or books, video games are more interactive, thus those who play video games are more likely to be fully engaged, so they probably are unable to tell the difference between the virtual world and the reality. Secondly, children are not as self-disciplined as adults, video games with violence contents can have negative effects on their developing minds. It is possible that they get aggressive in real life. From my perspective, it is crucial that the government should regulate the production and sale of violent video games.What’s more, parents should play an active role in creating a healthy environment for their children. Only by doing so can we ensure the healthy development of children.听力第一套：1.B) Send him to an after-school art class.2.A) Contacted Joe to decorate its dining-room.3.A) Get her pet dog back.4.D) It is offering a big reward to anyone who helps.5.B) Help people connect with each other.6.C) It does not use volunteers7.D)They will find they have something in common8.C) Preparations for Saturdays get-together.9.B) It enables guests to walk around and chat freely.10.A) It offers some big discounts.11.D)Bring his computerand speakers12.D) For convenience at weekends.13.A) They are reliable.14.C) Seek advice from his friend15.B)He can be trusted.16.A) Many escaped from farms and became wild.17.D)They carry a great many diseases.18.C) They fell victim to eagles.19.B) Roast coffee beans in outer space.20.A) They can easily get burned.21.C) They collaborated on building the first space coffee machine.22.B)A race passes through it annually.23.C)It’s tasty fruit pies.24.B) The entire village.25.D) She helped the village to become famous.选词填空第一套:Most animas seek shade when temperatures in the Sahara Desert soar26.C) crawling27.F)hunt28.E) extreme29.K) species30.G) literally31.M) thick32.J) removed33.N)tiny34.0) unique35.A)adaptings.选词填空其次套:Social isolation poses more health risks than obesity...26.1) implication27.B) appointments A pass一天“29.0) touches28.D) debating30.C) consequences31.L) sparked32.F) friendly33.J) pushing34.N) survey35.K) severely选词填空第三套:Nowadays you cant buy anyhing without then being asked to provide...26.E) experience27. B) commonplace28.J) routinely29.D) desperate30.H) prompted31.I) roughly32.K) shining33.0) wonder34.C) confess35.G) optio信息匹配第一套:What happens when a language has no words for numbers ?36.[E] It is worth stressing that these a numeric people arecognitively (在认知方面)normal，well- adapted to the sur-roundings they have dominated for centuries .37.[H] Compared with other mammals ，ournumericalin-st in cts are not as remarkable as many assume .38.[E] It is worth stressing that these a numeric people arecognitively (在认知方面)normal，well- adapted to the sur-roundings they have dominated for centuries .39.[B] But，ina historical sense ，number- conscious peoplelike us are the unusual ones.40.[K] Research on the language of numbers shows ，moreand more ，thatoneofourspecieskey characteristics istremendous linguistic (语言的)andcognitivediversity.41.[D] This and many other experiments have led to a simpleconclusion：When people do not have number words，theystruggle to make quantitative distinctions that probablyseem natural to someone like you orme.42.[G] None of us，then，is really a“numbersperson .”Weare not born to handle quantitative distinctions skillfully .Ipc43.[A] Numbers do not exist in all cultures .44.[I] So，howdidweever invent“unnatural”numbers inthe first place ?Theansweris，literally， at your fingertips .45.[F] This conclusion is echoed by work with a numeric children in industrialized societies .信息匹配其次套:Science of setbacks:How failure can improve career prospects36.[G]One straightforward reason close losers might outper-form narrow winners is that the two groups have comparable ability.37.[D ]Others in the US have found similar effects with National Institutes of Health early-career fellowships launching narrow winners far ahead of close losers.38.[K]In sports and many areas of life,we think of failures as evidence of something we could have done better.39.[B]One way social scientists have probed the effects of career setbacks is to look at scientists of very similar qualifica-tions.40.[]He said the people who should be paying regard tothe Wang paper are the funding agents who distribute government grant money.41.[F]In a study published in. Nature. Communications,North-western University sociologist Dashun Wang tracked more than 1,100 scientists who were on the border between getting a grant and missing out between 1990 and 2023.42.[J] For his part,Wang said that in his own experience, losingdid light a motivating fire.43.[C]A 2023 study published in the Proceedings of the Nation-al Academy of Sciences, for example, followed researchers in the Netherlands.44.[]He said the people who should be paying regard to the Wang paper are the funding agents who distribute government grant money.45.[E]This is bad news for the losers.信息匹配第三套:The start of high school doesn’ t have to be stressful 36.[E]In addition, studies find the first year of high school typically shows one of the greatest increases in depression of any year over the lifespan.37.[G]In one recent study, we examined 360 adolescentsbeliefs about the nature of“ smartness- that is, their fixed mindsets about intelligence.38.[J]These findings lead to several possibilities that we are investigating further.39.[C]In the new global economy, students who fail to finish the ninth grade with passing grades in college preparatory coursework are very unlikely to graduate on time and go on to get jobs.40.[H]We also investigated the social side of the high school transition.41.[E]In addition, studies find the first year of high school typically shows one of the greatest increases in depression of any year over the lifespan.42.[D]The consequences of: doing poorly in the ninth grade can impact more than students’ability to find a good job.43.[A]This month, more than 4 million students across the nation will begin high school.44.[l]Experiment results showed that students who were not taught that people can change showed poor stress respons-es45.[F]Given. all that’s riding on having a successful ninth grade experience, it pays to explore what can be done to meet the academic, social and emotional challenges of thetransition to high school.认真阅读第一套：Educators and business leaders have more in common thanit may seem…46.C) They help students acquire the skills needed for their future success .47.A)By blending them with traditional ，stimulating activi-ties.48.B)By playing with things to solve problems on theirown.49.C) Encourage them to make things with hands .50.B) Develop students creative skills with the resources available .Being an information technology ，or IT，worker is nota job l envy.51.B)It does not appeal to him.52.C) Many employees are deeply frustrated by IT53.D) Employees become more confident in their work .54.D) Think about the possible effects on their employees .55.A)By designing systems that suit their needs .认真阅读其次套:Sugar shocked. That describes the reaction of manyAmericans this week following revalations that, ....46.B) They turned public attention away from the health risks of sugar to fat.47.D) Nearly all of them serve the purpose of the funders.48.A) Exercise is more important to good health than diet.49.C) it rarely reuts in objective fndings.50.D) Think twice about new nutrition research findings.51.C) How people viewed success in his father.s time.52.B) It was a way to advance in their career.53.A) They are often regarded as most treasured talents.54.C) What kind of people can contribute more to them.55.D) It will bring about radical economic and social changes.认真阅读第三套:Boredom has become trendy. Studies point to how boredomis good for creativity ...46.A) It facilitates innovative thinking.47.A) A need to be left alone.48.C) It may prevent people from developing a genuine sense of community. .49.B) Reflect on how they relate to others.50.D) Devote themselves to a worthy cause.Can you remember what you ate yesterday? If asked, most people will be...... !51.A) Calorie consumption had fallen drastically over the decades.52.A) People S calorie intake was far from accurately reported.53.B) They overlook the potential causes of obesity. ;54.A) The growing trend of eating out.55. B)Make sure people eat non-fattening food.翻译第一套：普洱(Puer)茶深受中国人宠爱,最好的普洱茶产自云南的西双版纳(Xishuangbanna)，那里的气候和环境为普洱茶树的生长供应了最正确条件。
大学英语英语四级(答案) (4)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. Large losses may occur from insurance claims made by people _______ legal action.A. sinceB. throughC. toD. until2. Professor Thomason specialises ______ American literature.A. inB. aboutC. onD. concerning3. The police are looking ______ the mysterious disappearance of a well-known banker.A. overB. intoC. ontoD. through4. He is a bad influence ________ the children.A. onB. inC. withD. against5. It is not easy to distinguish ______ an American and a Canadian.A. amongB. betweenC. bothD. from6. Ms Simms is very sensitive ______ criticism.A. ofB. inC. toD. on7. It is an exception ________ the rules.A. ofB. inC. againstD. to8. She solved the problem _________a stroke.A. onB. ofC. atD. through9. Death always taken us _________ surprise, even though we know it is inevitable.A. inB. out ofC. byD. through10. The lady insists on her constitutional right _______ a passport in her maiden name.A. onB. toC. intoD. that11. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, _______ the behavior of a animal depends mainly on instinct.A. whereasB. soC. unlessD. that12. Wood furniture does not depreciate in value _______ properly handled and protected.A. ifB. hasD. that13. I am determined that my son ______ have a better start than I did.A. canB. shallC. mustD. will14. You ________ drive fast, there is a speed limit here. Moreover, we have plenty of time, so you ______ drive so fast.A. mustn't, needn'tB. needn't, needn'tC. mustn't, mustn'tD. needn't, mustn't15. You _______ worry about her. She ______ well already.A. needn't, may getB. don't need, may getC. mustn't, getsD. needn't, may have gets16. They are all favour of his suggestion that the expenses _______ be reduced.A. /B. wouldD. may17. Sharon was supposed to be here at nine o'clock. She ______ have forgotten about our meeting.A. wouldB. shouldC. ought toD. must18. ---Let’s go for a walk.---Yes, today’s weather isn’t as cold as it was yesterday, ____?A. wasn’t itB. was itC. isn’t itD. is it19. _____ their terms, we would go bankrupt.A. If we acceptB. If we should acceptC. If we had acceptD. If we are to accept20. What would happen supposing he _______ here?A. isB. wasC. beD. were二、完型填空（共计20分）Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustratingexperience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps (1) -- the talk with slides, writing upimportant information on the blackboard, (2) -- reading material and giving out (3) -- .The new studentsees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and (4) -- what to write. Very often the studentleaves the lecture (5) -- notes which do not catch the main points and (6) -- become hard even for the (7)-- to understan D.Most institutions provide courses which (8) -- new students to develop the skills they need to be (9)-- listeners and note-takers. (10) -- these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which(11) -- learners to practice these skills (12) -- .In all cases it is important to (13) -- the problem (14) --actually starting your studies.It is important to (15) -- that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills (16) -- incollege study. One way of (17) -- these difficulties is to attend the language and study - skills classeswhich most institutions provide throughout the (18) -- year. Another basic (19) -- is to find a studypartner (20) -- it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support.1.A.extending B.illustrating C. performing D. conducting2.A.attributing B.contributing C.distributing D. explaining3.A.assignments rmation C. content D. definition4.A.suspects B.understands C. wonders D. convinces5.A.without B.with C. on D. except6.A.what B.those C. as D. which7.A.teachers B.classmates C. partners D. students8.A.prevent B.require C. assist D. forbid9.A.effective B.passive C. relative D. expressive10.A.Because B.Though C. Whether D. If11.A.enable B.stimulate C. advocate D. prevent12.A.independently B.repeatedly C. logically D. generally13.A.evaluate B.acquaint C. tackle D. formulate14.A.before B.after C. while D. for15.A.predict B.acknowledge C. argue D. ignore16.A.to require B.required C. requiring D. are required17.A.preventing B.withstanding C. sustaining D. overcoming18.A.average B.ordinary C. normal D. academic19.A.statement B.strategy C. situation D. suggestion20.A.in that B.for which C. with whom D. such as三、阅读理解：(共25分)Years ago the idea of disabled people doing sport was never heard of.But when the annual games for the disabled were started at Stoke Mandeville,England in 1984 by Sir Ludwig Guttmann,the situation began to change.Sir Ludwig Guttmann,who had been driven to England in 1939 from Nazi Gernamy,had been asked by the British government to set up an injuries centre at Stoke Mandeville Hospital near London.His ideas about treating injuries included sport for the disabled.In the first games just tow teams of injured soldiers took part.The next year,1949,five teams took part.From those beginnings,things have developed fast.Teams now come from abroad to Stoke Mandeville every year.In 1960 the first Olympics for the Disabled were held in Rome,in the same place as the normal Olympic Games,although they are organized separately.In other years Games for the Disabled are still held at Stoke Mandeville.In the 1984 wheelchair Olympic Games,1064 wheelchair athletes from about 40 countries took part.Unfortunately,they were held at Stoke Mandeville and not in Los Angeles,along with the other Olympics. The Games have been a great success in promoting international friendshiop and understanding,and in proving that being disabled does not mean you can't enjoy sport.One small source of disappointment for those who organize and take part in the games,however,has been the unwillingness of the International Olympic Committee to include disabled events at the Olympic Games for the able-bodied.Perhaps a few more years are still needed to convince those fortunate enough not to be disabled that their disabled fellow athlets should not be excluded.1.The first games for the desabled were held _____ after Sir LudwigGuttmann arrived in England.A.40 yearsB.21 yearsC.10 yearsD.9 years2.Besides Stoke Mandeville,surely the games for the disabled were once held in _____.A.New YorkB.LondonC.RomeD.Los Angeles3.In Paragraph 3,the word "athletes" means _____.A.people who support the gamesB.people who watch the gamesC.people who organize the gamesD.people who compete in the games4.Which of the following statements in NOT true?A.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an early organizer of the games for the disabled.B.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an injured soldier.C.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is from Germany.D.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is welcomed by the British government.5.From the ,we may conclude that the writer is _____.A.one of the organizers of the games for the disabledB.a disabled person who once took part in the gamesC.against holding the games for the disabledD.in favour of holding the games for the disabled四、书面表达：请起草一份中学学校通知，用一段话说明以下要点：参观日期： 3月25日，星期天时间：早上8点钟出发。
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国家职业资格考试指南企业人力资源管理师(四级)第三篇辅导练习相关知识和能力要求第一章人力资源规划参考答案一、选择题答案略二、简答题1．答：第一阶段，调研准备阶段。
调研人员通过对企业有关情况、信息、情报、资料的初步分析和非正式调研，确定调研的主题内容和范围。
（1）初步情况分析。
（2）非正式调研。
（3）确定调研目标。
第二阶段，正式调研阶段。
这是最主要和最关键的阶段。
调研人员应确定获取相关信息的手段与方法。
（1）决定采集资料信息的来源和方法（2）设计调查问卷和抽样方法（3）实地调查，又称现场调查。
2．答：工作岗位写实分为三个阶段。
第一阶段，岗位写实前的准备工作。
（1）根据岗位写实的目的，确定写实对象。
（2）进行初步岗位调查。
（3）制定出写实工作计划，规定好具体的写实程序何步骤，设计出写实调查表，做好书写板、计时器等所需仪器的准备工作，明确规定划分工作事项的标准，以及各类工时消耗的代号、编码，以便于登记记录数据资料。
（4）培训写实人员，使其熟练掌握岗位写实的技术和技巧。
（5）写实人员要把写实的意图和要求向写实对象讲清楚，以便取得他们的积极配合。
第二阶段，实地观察记录。
从上班开始，一直到下班结束，将整个工作日的活动情况毫无遗漏地记录下来，以保证写实的完整性。
第三阶段，写实资料的整理汇总。
（1）计算各活动事项消耗的时间。
（2）对所有观察事项进行分类，通过汇总计算出每一类工时的合计数。
（3）编制岗位写实汇总表，在分析、研究各类工时消耗的基础上，分别计算出每类工时消耗占全部工作时间和作业时间的比重。
（4）分析岗位工作的内外环境和条件，掌握关联工作活动的各种信息。
（5）根据写实结果，写出岗位综合分析报告。
3．答：（1）为合理安排作业计划和定岗定员提供依据。
（2）为企业产品成本核算提供依据。
（3）为合理发放工作报酬、考核、奖励、晋升提供依据。
（4）为提高工作效率提供依据。
4．答：企业人力资源费用包括人工成本和人力资源管理费用。
（1）人工成本是指企业在一个生产经营周期（一般为一年）内，支付给员工的全部费用，主要包括三个方面的内容：工资项目、保险福利项目和其他项目（如“其他社会费用、非奖励基金的奖金等）。
（2）人力资源管理费用是指企业在一个生产经营周期（一般为一年）内，人力资源部门的全部管理活动的费用支出，它是计划期内人力资源管理活动得以正常运行的资金保证，主要包括三个方面的内容：招聘费用、培训费用和劳动争议处理费用。
三、计算题1．解：改造前，该企业单件产品的工时定额＝日制度工时÷日产量＝480÷30＝16（工分/件）；改造后，该企业单件产品的工时定额＝日制度工时÷日产量＝480÷40＝12（工分/件）。
则，该企业产量定额的提高率＝(40－30)÷30≈33.3％；该企业工时定额的降低率＝(16－12)÷16＝25％。
2．解：年平均人数＝计算年内12个月平均人数之和÷12＝(330×2＋328×3＋323×3＋303×3＋313) ÷12≈320（人）四、案例分析1．答：该公司的组织结构图：2. 答：（1）事业部制结构的主要缺点是：①容易造成组织机构重叠、管理人员膨胀的现象；②各事业部独立性强，考虑问题时容易忽视企业整体利益。
（2）李总究竟该怎么办呢？李总应该重新考虑一下，三个事业部的设置存在怎样的问题。
产生这样的结果，原因在于三个事业部之间的生产、销售业务存在重叠的地方，李总需要重新划分三个事业部，合并相同、相似的职能。
第二章招聘与配置参考答案一、选择题答案略二、简答题1．答：建议该企业采取竞聘上岗的方式。
竞聘上岗是我国企业在经济改革的实践活动中，涌现出来的一件新事物，它对传统体制下“终身制”的劳动人事制度产生了巨大冲击。
这种方法对该公司会带来积极效应。
具体做法：可以通过科学公正的选拔方法，根据能岗匹配的原理，通过公开竞聘，对企业内部应聘人员通过层层筛选，由专家小组集体做出评判，从应聘者中选拔出较为合适的人员。
对于那些不努力的人员，公司可以考虑用降岗的方式来对待处理。
2．答：外部招募的来源：学校招聘、竞争对手与其他单位、下岗失业者、退伍军人、退休人员。
三、改错题1．答：（1）“要对公司的优点做突出的介绍，不提公司的弱点”改为“不要只提公司的优点，也要介绍公司的弱点”。
（2）“应该使公司简介集中使用一种形式，比如语言文字”改为“可以使用多种形式，如文字、图像、声音等”。
（3）“编写公司简介要注意语言的平实”改为“编写公司简介要注意语言的修饰”。
（4）“公司简介要经过华丽的包装才有吸引力”改为“公司简介不能经过华丽的包装，一定要真实客观地反映公司的情况”。
（5）“无需展示相关证书”改为“为保证真实性，需要展示相关证书”。
2．答：（1）“从选拔的全过程来看，可以分为粗选和细选两个阶段”改为“从选拔的全过程来看，可以分为粗选、细选和精选三个阶段”。
（2）“这里的材料就是指简历”改为“这里的材料包括简历、招聘申请表、推荐材料和履历分析等”。
（3）“通过简历，只能做定性分析，然后迅速排除明显不合格的人员”改为“通过简历，不仅能做定性分析，然后迅速排除明显不合格的人员，而且也可以通过加权计算进行定量分析”。
（4）“依据主观”改为“依据客观”。
（5）“因为简历总是本人自己撰写的”改为“因为简历不总是本人自己撰写的”。
四、图表分析题1．答：（1）招聘信息发布的渠道有报纸、杂志、广播电视、互联网、其他印刷品等。
（2）主要方式及原因分析：①行政人员、专业人员、管理人员的招聘信息发布渠道采用杂志的比较多，因为杂志的针对性强，比较适合专业性的人员。
②保洁人员一般需求量比较大，适合在报纸刊登广告，能够在较短的时间内吸引大量人员来应聘。
③网上招聘比较适合专业人员，这些人员使用电脑比较方便，这种方法能够吸引到高素质的人才。
2．答：（1）五、案例分析1．答：（1）盛总应辞退马洪。
由于新计划的影响实在太大，并不具备实施的条件，现在马洪与大家关系恶化到连盛总的影响力可能也发挥不了什么作用的地步。
所以，马洪必须辞职，而且盛总必须尽快亲自处理这件事情，并尽可能向马洪表示同情，以最优待的方式来处理。
同时，盛总应花更多的时间和精力，与原班人马重建信任关系，以渐进的方式推行马洪的新计划。
这或许需要两三年的时间，而不是马洪要求的两三个月。
（2）经验教训：在重要人选的决策中，必须考虑的不仅仅是“他能不能胜任这个工作？”，还有“他是否适合我们以及我们的工作环境？”。
尽管马洪的技术和管理能力很强，但他容易与人产生摩擦的管理风格以及他对工人漠不关心的做法，显然与盛总的管理风格以及整个公司的传统和文化格格不入。
实际上，马洪并不适合天力公司，冲突是迟早的事。
最佳的人选除了能力之外，还必须适应特定的环境；无法挽回的局面必须果断处理；特定的措施，必须评估其各种影响结果。
公司招聘高层管理人员，要注意内部提拔方法的使用。
内部提拔方法具有的很多优点，不可忽视。
2．答：内部招聘的优势在于：①从选拔的有效性和可信性来看，内部招聘较为客观，因为组织员工过去的业绩评价资料通常是很容易获得的，管理者对内部员工的性格、工作动机以及发展潜能等方面也有比较客观、准确的认识，能够做到心中有数。
人事决策比较容易，成功率也较高。
②从组织文化角度来分析，员工在组织中工作过较长一段时间，已融入到组织文化中去，认同组织的价值观，因而对组织的忠诚度较高，离职率低。
③从组织的运作模式来看，现有的员工了解组织及其运作方式，能比通过外部招聘得到的新员工更快地进入角色。
④从激励方面来分析，内部招聘能够给员工提供晋升机会，强化员工为组织工作的动机，也会提高员工的组织承诺，能鼓舞员工士气。
同时，这会在组织内部树立榜样。
通过这样的相互影响，就可以在组织中形成积极进取、追求成功的气氛。
内部招聘也存在一些明显的弊端，主要表现在以下几个方面：①内部招聘需要竞争，而竞争的结果必然有成功与失败，并且失败者占多数。
竞争失败的员工势必心灰意冷，士气低下，不利于组织的内部团结。
有时候甚至出现“提拔了一个，走了两个”的局面。
所以说，有时内部招聘的代价也是很高的。
②同一组织内的员工有相同的文化背景，可能会产生“团体思维”现象，抑制了个体创新，有可能会给组织带来灾难性的后果。
尤其是当企业或组织内部重要职位主要由基层员工逐级升任，就可能会因缺乏新人与新观念的输入，而逐渐产生一种趋于僵化的思维意识，这将不利于企业的长期发展。
③内部招聘有可能是按年资而非能力，从而对组织的人力资源管理机制产生危害。
④有可能出现“裙带关系”的不良现象。
“裙带关系”一方面有悖于招聘的公平、公正原则，另一方面也滋生了组织中的“小团体主义”，引发组织内的政治斗争，从而削弱了组织发展的动力。
外部招聘的利弊：优势：①新员工会带来不同的价值观和新观点、新方法。
从外部招聘来的员工对现有的组织文化有一种崭新的、大胆的视角，而较少有感情的依恋。
典型的内部员工已经彻底地被组织文化同化了，受惯性思维影响，既看不出企业有待改进之处，也没有进行变革、自我提高的意识和动力，整个组织缺乏竞争的意识和氛围，呈现出一潭死水的局面。
通过从外部招聘优秀的技术人才和管理专家，就可以在无形中给组织原有员工施加压力，激发斗志，从而产生“鲶鱼效应”。
②有利于招到一流人才。
外部招聘的人员来源广，选择余地很大，能招聘到许多优秀人才，尤其是一些稀缺的复合型人才。
这样可以节省内部培训费用。
③外部招聘也是一种很有效的交流方式，企业可以借此在潜在的员工、客户和其他外界人士中树立良好的形象。
外部招聘，除了招聘成本和决策风险较大以外，还存在以下不足：①筛选难度大，时间长。
组织希望能够比较准确地测量应聘者的能力、性格、态度、兴趣等素质，从而预测他们在未来的工作岗位上能否达到组织所期望的要求。
②从外部招聘来的组织员工需要花费较长的时间来进行培训和定位，才能了解组织的工作流程和运作方式。
③影响内部员工的积极性。
六、方案设计题答：某公司是一家房地产企业，公司从事该行业已经有10多年历史了，一直稳步发展，公司各方面都符合国家政策的规定。
经公司高层讨论，拟面向社会招聘1名总经理秘书。
岗位要求：全日制大专以上学历，25～40周岁，身体健康，女性，文秘、工商等专业，有较强的组织协调能力，有一定的文字写作基础，有相关工作经验者优先。
有志应聘者请于200X年X月X日到X月X日8:30至16:30（双休日除外）到某公司（XX 路600号）办理报名手续，或电话联系：12345678。
一经录用，试用期三个月。
年收入5万元以上，缴纳“四金”。
联系人：王女士。
报名时请带好学历学位证书原件及复印件、身份证原件及复印件、一寸证件照两张，以及有关资格证书原件及复印件。