中考一轮复习之动词不定式

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2024年中考英语一轮复习-动词不定式的用法及语法功能

2024年中考英语一轮复习-动词不定式的用法及语法功能

动词不定式的用法及语法功能不定式中所谓“不定”,是指不受主语的人称和数的变化的影响。

动词不定式的基本形式有两种,一种是带to的不定式,另一种是不带to的不定式。

动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分——主语,表语,定语,状语和宾语补足语。

动词不定式仍然保留动词的特点,即有自己的宾语和状语,也就是说,动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成它自己的不定式短语。

不定式的语法功能不定式在句子中有各种作用,不定式具有名词,形容词和副词的特征。

不定式作名词的用法不定式在句子中的作用,有时和名词相同,在句子中担当主语,表语,宾语和宾语补足语。

不定式作主语:常用句型 It is … to …不定式作主语的句子通常用 It is … to+不定式的句型来代替,在句子中it 作形式主语,真正的主语式后面的动词不定式。

在这里,不定式被视为第三人称单数,所以动词要用 is (现在时) 或was (过去时)。

如以下例句所示:It is important to learn English well.It is dangerous to play in the street.It is hard to say goodbye with you.不定式作表语:To do 不定式作表语e.g. The best plan is to leave here. 最好的计划是离开这里。

不定式作宾语:不定式在及物动词后作宾语,常见的及物动词有:Ask, decide, begin, fail, continue, forget, hate, help, like, long, want, wait, manage, need, start, pretend, refuse, try, dare, agree, know, wish, afford 等不定式作副词的用法:不定式有时起副词作用,修饰动词或形容词,在句子中相当于状语,表示目的和原因表目的:-不定式在不及物动词后担当状语e.g. My mom came to see me yesterday evening.-针对why的疑问句回答时,如果表示目的,可用不定式来代替。

初三英语动词不定式知识精讲

初三英语动词不定式知识精讲

初三英语动词不定式【本讲主要内容】动词不定式【知识总结归纳】-.构成:to +动词原形二.特征:1.不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,同时也保留动词的特征,它有自己的宾语和状语,来构成不定式短语。

eg .1want to go there by bike .2.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,但有时态的变化。

(1)动词不定式的一般式:“to +动词原形”eg .I am glad to meet you again. I want to go to the concert.(2)动词不定式的完成式:“to have +动词的过去分词”。

eg .I am sorry to have kept you waiting for a 10ng time.二.用法:1.作主语(如果不定式短语过长,可以把此短语放在句尾,主语的位置可以用it来替换,叫做形式主语)eg .\ To go surfing is exciting .I It is exciting to go surfing .To set up the new building will take them a year and a half .It will take them a year and a half to set up the new building .To learn all the subjects well is important.It is important to learn all the subjects well.▲在it作形式主语的句子中,某些形容词之后,不定式之前常带有for sb,这类形容词有:easy, difficult, hard, interesting, necessary 等。

而在某些形容词之后,不定式之前常带有 of sb,这类形容词有:nice,good,kind,clever,foolish,careful,polite 等。

中考复习:英语动词不定式十大考点解析

中考复习:英语动词不定式十大考点解析

初中英语动词不定式十大考点解析动词不定式是初中英语的语法重点之一,也是每年中考英语试题的考点之一。

它是动词的一种非谓语形式,没有人称和数的变化,不能单独作句子的谓语。

其构成形式为"to+动词原形",to为动词不定式的符号,本身无意义。

动词不定式具有两大特点:1.具有动词的特点,因此,后面可以跟表语、宾语或状语,构成动词不定式短语。

2.具有名词、形容词或副词的特点,可以在句子中用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语、表语及同位语等。

下面以近几年全国部分省市的中考英语试题为例,对不定式的难点以及它在中考英语中的考查点,作一简要的总结和分析,供同学们学习时参考。

一、动词不定式作主语1. It's our duty _________ the room every day.A. to cleanB. cleanedC. cleanD. cleans(甘肃省)2. It's hard for us _________ English well.A. learnB. learnsC. to learnD. learning(江西省)3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。

It will _________ the workers over a year _________ _________ the flyover.(北京市海淀区)4. It's very nice _________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup.A. for,ofB. of,forC. to,forD. of,to(安徽省)Keys:1. A 2. C 3. take,to,build 4. B[简析]动词不定式作主语时,可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置,也可以用先行词it 作形式主语,而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。

【中考英语一轮复习语法一点通】语法专题九 非谓语动词(学生版及答案)

【中考英语一轮复习语法一点通】语法专题九 非谓语动词(学生版及答案)

语法专题九、非谓语动词(必考)非谓语动词,是指在句子中不能做谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。

现在分词用于进行时,过去分词用于现在完成时和被动语态。

初中阶段主要考查不定式和动名词,本文就讲解这两大考点。

分词详见后面的时态和语态专题。

考点1:不定式to do (中考必考)定义和用法: 不定式to 可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾补、状语(表目的)、定语(to 放后修饰前面的名代)。

常考点就是to do 做宾语或宾补,哪些动词后加to do ,背下面的搭配。

① 后面常用动词不定式作宾语的搭配有: ② 后面常用动词不定式作宾补的搭配有: ask sb. to do sth. (叫某人做某事) tell sb. to do sth. (告诉某人做某事) allow sb. to do sth. (允许某人做某事) wish sb to do sth (希望做某事) want sb. to do sth. (想要某人做某事) advise sb to do sth (建议某人做某事) invite sb. to do sth. (邀请某人做某事) expect sb to do sth (期待某人做某事) Encourage sb to do sth (鼓励某人做某事) Teach sb to do sth (教某人做某事)考点2省略to 的动词不定式(1) 使役动词和感官动词,动词不定式做宾补时,主动语态时不定式省“to ”, 被动语态时要补回“to ”,这点详见被动语态专题。

下面我们识记一些常见搭配:make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 see sb. do / doing sth 看见某人做/ 正做某事 let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事watch sb do / doing sth 观看某人做/ 正做某事 would like to do sth(乐意做某事)want to do sth (想要做某事) decide to do sth (决定做某事)plan to do sth (计划做某事)begin / start to do sth(开始做某事)Try to do sth (设法做某事)pretend to do sth(假装做某事) hope to do sth (希望做某事) a gree to do sth (同意做某事) learn to do sth (学会做某事) need to do sth (需要做某事)promise to do sth(答应做某事)refuse to do sth (拒绝做某事) used to do sth(过去常做某事)afford to do sth(负担得起做某事) 考点精讲have sb. do sth. 请某人做某事find sb do / doing sth.发现某人做/ 正做某事had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事Hear sb do / doing sth. 听见某人做/ 正做某事prefer to do rather than do sth. 宁愿…而不愿would rather do sth. than do sth.宁愿做……而不愿Why don’t you do …?=Why not do sth.?为什么不做……?Would / could you please (not) do sth.?请你(不)……好吗?考点3 动名词(动词ing形式,作用相当于名词)动名词,顾名思义就是动词作名词用,在句中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。

中考 动词不定式用法

中考 动词不定式用法

中考动词不定式用法在中考英语中,动词不定式是一个重要的语法点。

对于同学们来说,掌握好动词不定式的用法,不仅能够在语法题中拿到高分,还能在写作中准确表达自己的意思,让文章更加出彩。

动词不定式的构成非常简单,就是“to +动词原形”,比如“to do”“to play”“to study”等等。

但它的用法可不少,咱们一个一个来看。

首先,动词不定式可以作主语。

比如说“To learn English well is very important”(学好英语非常重要。

)这时候,为了避免句子头重脚轻,常用 it 作形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式,就变成了“It is very important to learn English well” 这样的句子更符合英语的表达习惯,读起来也更顺畅。

动词不定式作宾语也是常见的用法。

有些动词后面只能跟动词不定式作宾语,比如“want”“decide”“hope”“expect”“plan”等等。

例如,“I want to go shopping”(我想去购物。

)“He decided to study harder”(他决定更努力学习。

)然后是作宾语补足语。

常见的动词有“ask”“tell”“want”“allow”“encourage”等。

比如“Our teacher asks us tofinish our homework on time”(我们老师要求我们按时完成作业。

)“My parents encourage me to learn a musical instrument”(我父母鼓励我学一门乐器。

)接着说作定语。

动词不定式作定语时,要放在被修饰词的后面。

例如,“I have a lot of homework to do”(我有很多作业要做。

)“There is nothing to worry about”(没什么可担心的。

)还有作状语。

它可以表示目的、结果、原因等。

2022年中考英语总复习之动词不定式

2022年中考英语总复习之动词不定式

中考英语总复习之动词不定式一、基本概念: 动词不定式是不被限定的动词,不受人称、数量和时态的变化而变化,不定式属于非谓语动词形式。

不定式表示的是将来(即没有做的事),将来发生的事情还不确定,故简称为不定式。

如:I want to make much money.我想赚很多钱。

to make much money,赚很多钱,接下来我能否赚到很多钱,还不确定,所以不定式表示的是将来。

二、基本结构:1.肯定式:to + do (动词原形)2.否定式:not to +do(动词原形)三、基本用法:在句中除了不能做谓语以外,能够作其他如何成分。

还能拥有自己的宾语和状语,构成不定式短语。

1.作主语:常用It + be + 形容词+ ( of / for sb. ) + to do sth.结构,也可直接用不定式(to + 动词原形)做主语。

如:It`s easy for me to study English well.=To study English well s easy for me.2.做宾语:常见的动词有:want, agree, choose, try, decide, hope, wish, learnI want to go to senior high school.3.作表语:常用在be动词等系动词后面。

His job is to repair computers.He seems to be interested in the game.4.作定语:放在被修饰的名词或代词之后,如果不定式与所修饰的名词有动宾关系,这个不定式必须是及物动词。

如:I was the first to come.He has no wine to drink. (动宾关系)5.作状语:1). 表目的:She was here to visit her daughter.2). 表原因:I`m sorry to trouble you.3). 表结果:The box is too heavy to carry.4). 表示程度:This classroom is big enough to hold 50 students.6.作宾语补足语:1).必须使用to的动词有:ask, tell, order, take, invite, want, wish, follow, wait for, teach, would like, allow sb. to do sth.2). 不能使用to的动词有:have, make, let, see, watch, hear, notice sb. do sth 注意:在主动语态中,to 要省略;而在被动语态中,to 必须加上3). 可以使用to,也可以不用to的动词:helpHe helped me(to)clean the room.7. 下列动词后面不能跟动词不定式,只能跟动名词(动词的–ing 形式)作宾语:enjoy, finish, mind, excuse, practice, keep, miss, spend, can’t help,be busy,be worth, keep on, carry on8. 感官动词后面的动词不定式要省去不定式符号to. 如:I saw someone take your book just now.9. 下列动词后面可以跟动词不定式也可以跟动名词:begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, plan , forget, remember, stop, see, hear, go on注意:had better (not) do sth,would rather (not) do sth (不用to)10. 动词不定式的否定形式直接在不定式前面加to. 如:He told me not to smoke here.四.动词不定式特殊用法:1.不定式的进行式:to be doing , 谓语所表示的动作和不定式所表示的动作同时发生。

初三英语语法复习之动词不定式

初三英语语法复习之动词不定式

动词不定式一. 重点难点精讲动词不定式是一种非限定动词,分为带to的不定式和不带to的不定式。

动词不定式不能单独用作谓语动词,不受主语的人称和数的限制,但它具有动词的特点:可以有自己的宾语和状语,既有一般式,又有进行式、完成式及被动语态的变化。

动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前面加not,如:to make的否定形式为not to make。

(一) 作主语To say something is one thing;to do is another thing. 说是一回事,做是另一回事。

To see is to believe. 眼见为实。

不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式要放在后面。

例如:It is great fun to swim in the river in summer. (=To swim in the river in summer is great fun.)夏天在河里游泳真是乐事。

(二) 作表语My dream is to become a scientist. 我的理想是当一各科学家。

Her job is to look after the sick children. 她的工作是照看那些生病的孩子。

(三) 作宾语不定式作宾语的情况较多,而且又是中考考查的重点。

许多及物动词后面都可以接动词不定式作宾语。

这些动词有:agree(同意), want(想要), decide(决定),hope(希望), like(喜欢), learn(学习), try(试图), wish(希望), begin(开始), start(开始)等。

例如:I am learning to drive a car. 我在学开汽车。

注意:1.不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,通常用it作形式宾语,而不定式则放在宾语补足语后。

例如:I find it pleasant to work with her. 我发现和她一起工作很愉快。

初三英语中考语法一轮复习讲义(四十八)动词不定式知识点总结与整理

初三英语中考语法一轮复习讲义(四十八)动词不定式知识点总结与整理

2021届初三英语中考语法一轮复习讲义(四十八)动词不定式知识点总结与整理非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词。

非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化,不受主语人称和谓语动词的时态变化干扰,但是有时态和语态的变化。

非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,但仍保留动词的特点,即可以有自己的宾语和状语。

典型例句:1.To hear your voice is so nice.(听到你的声音真高兴。

)(动词不定式)典型例句:2.Reading books makes one wise.(读书使人明智。

)(动词-ing形式)典型例句:3.This is a book written by Balzac.(这是巴尔扎克写的一本书。

)(过去分词)动词不定式动词不定式是一种动词的非谓语形式,可在句中充当多种成分,是初中英语学习中必须掌握的重要语法项目。

1.动词不定式的类型动词不定式有两种表现形式,一种是“to+动词原形”,另一种是“疑问词+to+动词原形”,详见后面的举例。

2.动词不定式的句法功能A.动词不定式作主语To learn a foreign language is not easy.(学习外语不是一件容易的事。

)B.动词不定式作表语Her job is to look after the children.(她的工作就是照顾孩子。

)C.动词不定式作宾语He wants to buy some stamps.(他想买一些邮票。

)D.动词不定式作宾语补足语The doctor told me to have a rest.(医生叫我休息一下。

)E.动词不定式作定语I want something to eat.(我想要一些吃的。

)F.动词不定式作状语Yesterday they came to visit us.(昨天他们来拜访我们。

)3.动词不定式的时态和语态A.一般式:to do表示不定式的动作发生在谓语的动作之后,或同时发生。

2025年中考英语一轮复习之动词不定式

2025年中考英语一轮复习之动词不定式

2025年中考英语一轮复习之动词不定式一.选择题(共15小题)1.—I'm new here.—Don't worry.I'll do what I can _______you.()A.to help B.help C.invite D.to invite2.In order ________ for the competition,my sister got up early this morning.()A.not to be late B.not being lateC.to be late3.—Why did you get up so early today?—the first bus,I get up at 5 o'clock every morning.()A.To catch B.Catch C.Catching4.____________the Earth,we shouldn't use too much plastic.()A.Protect B.To protectC.Protecting D.Protected5.All Chinese are working hard to prepare___________ our Chinese Dream come true.()A.to make B.making C.make6.It is cheaper a car than to have a personal car.()A.share B.sharing C.shared D.to share 7.—Jane was heard ________ just now.What happened?—Jack was telling a joke.()A.crying B.laughing C.to laugh8.He expects me_______him to the station.()A.to drive B.driveC.driving D.will drive9.—Have you heard of the YAU Mathematical Sciences Leaders Program?—Of course.Its aim is top math talents in China.()A.training B.to train C.trained10.It is not good for your eyes ________ TV too much every day.()A.watching B.to watchingC.to watch11.My friend asked me ________ two big suitcases to Africa for her.()A.take B.to take C.taking D.took12.Lucy and Lily are tired.They need _________ enough rest.()A.to get B.get C.getting D.gets13.I expected your friend,but my car broke down on the way.()A.meet B.meetingC.to meeting D.to meet14.It's 7:00 am now.It's time breakfast.()A.to have B.having C.have D.had15.Tony will just buy some fast food because he is too lazy ________.()A.to cook B.cooks C.cooking二.单词拼写(共10小题)16.Something is wrong with the radio.He is helping his father (检查)the radio. 17.Please check your answers again before handing your English paper.It can help you (try not to do something)mistakes.18.The boy is often heard(唱)English songs in the next room.19.They built the green wall to (避免)soil being washed away.20.Parents should teach their children how to b in public places.21.It's a dangerous thing to (燃烧)leaves in the fields.22.We should think about continuing to (发展)this wonderful project.23.It is difficult for the old man (攀、爬)up the mountain.24.Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to b(击打,敲击)heavily against the windows.25.We decided (打电话)five teachers and ask them to come to our weekend party.2025年中考英语一轮复习之动词不定式参考答案与试题解析一.选择题(共15小题)1.—I'm new here.—Don't worry.I'll do what I can _______you.()A.to help B.help C.invite D.to invite【考点】不定式作状语.【答案】A【分析】—我是新来的.—别担心。

中考英语一轮复习之不定式的用法

中考英语一轮复习之不定式的用法

中考英语一轮复习之不定式的用法动词不定式分为带to的不定式和不带to的不定式。

其基本形式是“to+动词原形”。

这里to是动词不定式符号,本身没有词义。

动词不定式仍保持动词的特性,即可以有自己的宾语和状语。

不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。

例如:to do some cooking, to come to school early等。

1.作主语词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种:(1)把不定式置于句首。

如:To get there by bike will take us half an hour.骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时。

To make up for lost time is not possible.要弥补失去的时光是不可能的。

To lean out of the window is dangerous.身子探出窗外很危险。

To save money now seems impossible.现在好像不可能存钱。

(2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。

如:①It+be+名词+to doIt's our duty to take good care of the old.照顾老人是我们的责任。

It is an offence to drop litter in the street.在马路上乱丢废物是违章的。

②It takes sb+some time+to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?你花了多少时间来完成这项工作?③It+be+形容词+for sb+to doIt is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.我们难以在四分之一小时内完成这篇作文。

2.作宾语I want to tell you a story.我想给你讲个故事They begin to work at eight every morning.他们每天早晨8点开始工作。

中考英语语法动词不定式知识点

中考英语语法动词不定式知识点

中考英语语法动词不定式知识点以下是中考英语语法中常见的动词不定式知识点:1.动词不定式的结构:- to + 动词原形:例如 to eat, to sleep。

- 动词原形:用于口语中,或在一些情况下省略 to,例如 Let me go。

2.动词不定式作主语:- It + be + 形容词 + to do:例如 It is important to study hard.- To do 表达强调:例如 To meet her is my dream.3.动词不定式作宾语:- 动词 + to do:例如 I want to play basketball.- 动词 + 不定式,如希望 hope, plan, decide, promise等:例如 I hope to see you again.4.动词不定式作补语:- 动词 + 名词/形容词 + to do:例如 She is happy to help her friend.- 动词 + 不定式,如 want, wish, like, love, hate, prefer等:例如 I want you to clean your room.5.情态动词后接动词不定式:- can, could, may, might 后接动词不定式表达能力或可能性。

- must, have to, need to 后接动词不定式表达必要性或需要。

6.动词不定式的否定形式:- not + to do:例如 I decided not to go to the party.- 动词 + not to do:例如 She asked me not to tell anyone.7.动词不定式形式的变化:- 过去式:to do → to h ave done- 完成式:to do → to be done- 进行式:to do → to be doing以上只是动词不定式的一些基本知识点,但需要根据具体语境和句子结构进行灵活运用。

2024年中考英语一轮语法专题动词不定式及感官动词课件

2024年中考英语一轮语法专题动词不定式及感官动词课件
2024中考一轮 语法专题复习
动词不定式及
感官动词
一、动词不定式
构成:to+动词原形,其中to是不定式符号,没 有实际意义,有时可以不带to。 否定形式:not to+动词原形
I will try to do the work by myself.
动词不定式的常见用法
用法 作宾语
说明
常接动词不定式作宾语的 动词有want, refuse, decide, hope, agree, wish, learn, choose等。
It’s important to be on time.
作 动词不定式作定语时, 定 应放在被修饰的名词或 语 代词之后。
He is always the first one to get to school.
作 表
常位于连系动词be后面。
His dream is to be a teacher.
river. It’s too dangerous!
A. to not swim B. not to swim
C. not swim
D. not swimming
4.(河北)The trip ____A____ really exciting to me. How I
wish to go!
A. sounds B. smells C. tastes D. feels
B C
3.Your idea A good.Let’s give it a try and see if it
will work.
4.This pair of socks __C_____ soft. I’ll take _______.
A. feel; it B. feels; it C. feels; them D.feels;they

中考英语复习动词不定式用法

中考英语复习动词不定式用法

中考英语复习动词不定式用法英语复习指导:动词不定式用法汇总动词不定式(todo)是初中英语课的一个重点,也是中考要考查的一个工程。

动词不定式属于非谓语动词的一种形式,很多同学经常把它和谓语动词混在一起,掌握起来有困难。

下面我们对动词不定式的用法做简单归纳,帮助同学们记忆:一、动词不定式在句子中不能充当谓语,没有人称和数的变化。

二、动词不定式是由to+动词原形构成(有时可以不带to)。

动词不定式的否认形式是not+动词不定式(not不与助动词连用)。

三、动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能,可在句中用做多种句子成分。

1、主语:常置于句末,而用it代替其做形式主语。

例:Togoinforsportshelpsyoustayfit.(book4,L28)Ithelpsyoustayfittogoinforsports.Itisdangeroustoswimint hedeepseaonyourown.注:此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可由for或of引出,逻辑主语由of引出时,表语的形容词为kind,nice,good,polite,clever,foolish,right,wrong等表示我们猜您可能喜欢以下文章: xx写作题目必要的表达方式怎么提高雅思写作:写作十大考前须知雅思写作高分模板:雅思议论文新说之词汇篇雅思作文技巧议论文中的词汇雅思写作万能模板:如何增强表现力雅思写作题目雅思大作文写作黄金6法那么如何提高雅思写作常见的错误雅思写作万能模板:雅思图表小作文解析雅思写作题目检查雅思作文会有意想不到的收获。

雅思作文范文:图表写作最全攻略中考英语语法:中考英语复习指导动词不定式用法汇总评价的形容词。

例:It’srigh tofhimtorefusetheinvitation.(him为逻辑主语)2、表语:Ourdutyistoprotecttheenviroment.3、动词宾语:此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。

中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略(附答案)

中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略(附答案)

中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略(附答案)中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略动词不定式历来是中考英语命题的热点之一。

它是动词的一种非谓语形式,没有人称和数的变化,不能单独作句子的谓语。

其构成形式为"(not)to+动词原形"。

考点攻略一:动词不定式作主语1)动词不定式直接用在主语位置:To see you is always a pleasure.2)如果主语较长,则可以用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。

①It is +形容词+(of sb.) to do sth. 此处常用careless, clever, foolish, honest, kind, nice, rude, stupid, silly, wrong, wise等形容词,与介词of搭配,这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质。

It’s brave of you to jump into the river to save the boy!② It is +名词或形容词+ (for sb.)to do sth.此处常用necessary, hard, difficult, easy, important, impossible等形容词,与介词for搭配,表示不定式的动作或行为的性质。

It is our duty to keep our classroom clean. It is important for us to protect the environment.③It takes sb. some time to do sth.It usually takes us about two and a half hours to travel from Shanghai to Japan.考点攻略二:动词不定式作宾语其后常接不定式作宾语的动词有:agree, afford, choose, decide, expect, plan, promise, manage, hope, wish, want, seem, refuse, fail等。

【高分冲刺】冲刺08 非谓语动词之动词不定式(中考真题+各地模拟)-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习

【高分冲刺】冲刺08 非谓语动词之动词不定式(中考真题+各地模拟)-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习

满分冲刺08 非谓语动词之动词不定式在中考语法项目中,主要考查动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语。

动词不定式由“to+动词原形” 构成,有时to省略,直接由动词原形构成。

否定式由“not to+动词原形”构成。

如:We decided to go on hiking though we were tired. 虽然我们很累,但是我们决定继续远足。

The girl tried not to wake up her mother. 这女孩尽量不吵醒她妈妈。

【难点突破1】动词不定式作宾语(1)接不定式作宾语的动词(“动词+to do” 结构)常见的有:learn 学会 plan 计划 decide 决定 try 尽力 choose 选择 agree 同意refuse 拒绝 pretend 假装 offer 主动 would like / want 想要 expect 期望hope / wish 希望 promise 承诺 afford 负担得起 prefer 喜欢help 帮助(help to do / help do) like 喜欢(like to do / doing)continue 继续(continue to do / doing) begin / start 开始(begin / start to do / doing)如:I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。

(2)动词不定式作宾语,置句末,前面用it指代不定式,it是形式宾语。

如:We found it difficult to understand what you said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。

(3)有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词(who,what,which等)作宾语(即“动词+疑问词+to do” 结构),常见的有:show 表明、指示;know 知道;tell 告诉;teach 教;learn 学习;decide 决定。

英语中考语法总复习十一动词不定式

英语中考语法总复习十一动词不定式

动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,有时可以不带to。

动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。

(但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分——主语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语。

)动词不定式仍保留动词的特点,即它可以有自己的宾语和状语。

动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。

第一节知识点概述一、动词不定式的特征及用法1.动词不定式的构成及特征动词不定式是一种非限定动词to “to +动词原形”构成动词不定式也是一种非谓语形式,在句子中不能作谓语,没有人称和数的变化,它具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。

2.动词不定式的用法动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。

1.作主语例如:To learn English well is not easy.或It is not easy to learn English well.动词不定式作主语时,往往用it作形式主语,这种句型可归纳为下面的句型:It is + adj.+ 动词不定式如果要说明不定式表示的动作执行者,可以用forIt is + adj.+ for sb. To do sth.2.作表语My wish is to become a teacher.3.作宾语Most of us like to watch football matches.4.作宾语补足语He told me to be here on time.5.作定语I have nothing to say about that thing.6.作状语He stopped to have a look.3.动词不定式的否定形式动词不定式的否定形式not + to + 动词原形构成例如:He asked me not to make such a mistake.4.动词不定式与疑问词连用疑问词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how, why等后面可以按动词不定式,构成动词不定式短语,可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。

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1.The work demands care and patience. 2. Someone demanded to have a talk with you. 3. These children demanded help from/of the society.
suggest ① suggest +名词/代词 + to sb ② suggest doing sth
区别: 1. Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.
2. We are to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.
三. 宾语
1.You'd better return the books to the library on time. Otherwise, you will be fined. 2. I can't help but wish that nothing would go wrong. 3. They had never seen such delicious food, let alone eat it
(3) 介词+疑问词+to do Can you give me some advice on how to learn English well? (4) 介词but, except之后接不定式做宾语(多用于否定 句) give in (give in). They could do nothing but _______ The enemy had no choice but ___________ to give in (give in).
注意
4) 有些动词后不接不定式做宾补,如 hope, demand, suggest, agree, refuse, insist, welcdo
demand ① demand +名词/代词 ② demand +to do ③ demand sth of/from sb
1.I agree with what you said. The food does not agree with me. 这食物对我不适合。 2. I agree to his idea. 3.They agree on it.= They agree in doing it.
welcome ① sb be welcome to do sth ② welcome (sb) to sp ③ (n) e.g. a warm welcome
1.We suggest this plan to him. 2. He suggests going out for a walk.
agree ① agree to do sth ② agree with sb ③ agree to + 计划,建议,安排等名词 ④ agree on 就…取得一致意见
五.不定式作定语
后面 。 不定式作定语时,应放在被修饰词的_______ 主谓 关系. 1) 不定式与被修饰的名词有_______
1. He is always the first to come to school and the last to leave. 2. He is the right person to do the job.
1. He is looking for a room to live in ______. 2. I am not sure which restaurant to eat at ______. with 3. He is a very nice person to work _______. 4. I want to buy a new pen to write ______. with
5)不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place或 way,不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。 He had no money and no place to live in.
六. 不定式作状语
1) S+be+adj.+to do句型中,做状语用的不定式 与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系,若不定式动 词是不及物动词,动词后要加介词。 1) The sentence is easy to understand ( ). 2) He is easy to get along ( with ). 3) The floor is not soft enough for you to sleep ( on ).
(2).动词+疑问词+ 不定式 常用动词 decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell。 如: I couldn't decide which book to choose. I can tell you where to get this book.
不定式用在介词but, except, 后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词(实义动 词)do的 各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to, 相反则带to.
(1). She could do nothing but cry. (2). I have no choice but to go.
(4)用it 作形式宾语 find/feel/think/consider/make...+it+adj. / n. +to do 1. We think it quite important to learn a foreign language well. 2. He feels it his duty to help the poor.
动宾 关系. 2) 不定式与被修饰的名词有______ He has nothing to do.
同位 关系,说明被修饰名词的 3)不定式与被修饰的名词有______ 具体内容. Last year I had a chance to go abroad for further study.
4)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,或者不定 式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点状 语、时间状语或者所使用的工具等,不定式后 面须有相应的介词。
( V. + to do )
(1)只能跟不定式作宾语 afford (付得起) agree(同意) aim(力求做到) appear(显得) arrange(安排)ask(要求) attempt (试图) care(想要) choose(决定) decide(决定) demand(要求) determine(决心) expect(期待) fail(未履行) help(帮助) hesitate(犹豫) hope(希望) learn(学会) manage(设法) offer(主动提出)plan(计划) prepare(准备) pretend(假装) promise(答应) prove(证明) refuse(拒绝) resolve(解决) seem(觉得好像)tend(往往会) undertake(承担) want(想要) wish(希望)
四.作宾补
1) 动词+宾语+to do 可以用to do 作宾补的常用动词: advise allow believe cause challenge declare encourage forbid force find hire instruct invite like order permit persuade remind request require select send suppose tell train
一.结构 : to do; (否定) not to do
二.动词不定式的功能& 重要考点:
判断不定式在句中的成分。 1.To learn a foreign language is difficult . ( 主 ) 2. His wish is to be a driver . ( 表 ) 3.Tom wanted to have a cup of beer . ( 宾 ) 4.The teacher told us to do morning exercises . ( 宾补 ) 5.I have nothing to say . ( 定 ) 6.They went to see their aunt . ( 宾 ) 7.It’s easy to see their aunt.. ( 主 ) 8.I don’t know what to do next . ( 宾 ) 9.I heard them make a noise . 宾补 ( ) 10. The exercise is difficult to work out. ( 状 )
二. 表语
1.主语为dream,hope , plan, idea等表示目 的,计划,打算的词。 2.主语为work,job等表示工作,任务等词。
①. My job is to drive them to the power station every day. ②. My job is to teach students.
一感觉: feel
不带to的不定式用在下列词组后面: would rather do ...than do (宁愿……也不) had better do ...(最好) can‘t help but do ...(禁不住,不得不) cannot but do ...(禁不住,不得不,必然) may/might as well do ...(还是…的好) let alone do… (更不用说)。
② It+be+形容词+(for/of sb)+to do
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