2018年杭州余杭区中 考一模卷(扫描)
2018年浙江省杭州市中考英语一模试卷
2018年浙江省杭州市中考英语一模试卷听下面5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试题的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题．每段对话仅读一遍．1．How much should the man pay？A．3 dollars．B．8 dollars．C．24 dollars．2．What's the weather like today？A．It's sunny．B．It's rainy．C．It's windy．3．Which sign will the man see？A．NO PARKING!B．NO SMOKING!C．NO PHOTOS．4．Where is the man？A．On the street．B．At a restaurant．C．In a hospital．5．How will the boy go to school today？A．He will take the school bus．B．He will go in his mother's car．C．He will go by bike．听下面三段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置．听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5 秒钟的作答时间．每段对话或独白读两遍．听对话，回答下列各小题．现在，你有15 秒钟的时间阅读这个小题．6．（1）How many hours does the woman probably spend on the Internet a week？A．About 2 or 3 hoursB．About 3 or 4 hoursC．About 3 or 5 hours（2）What does the woman like to do ？A．To surf the InternetB．To read e﹣mailC．To write letters in ink（3）What do we know about the woman？A．She's too busy to send any e﹣mailB．She gets some information on the Internet．C．She is looking through books in the library听对话，回答下列小题．现在，你有15 秒钟的时间阅读这个小题．7．（1）Why does the man come there？A．To talk with Mr．Brown．B．To attend an interview．C．To look at a new product．（2）How long has the meeting lasted？A．For an hour．B．For half an hour．C．For one and a half hours．（3）What does the woman most probably do？A．A waitress．B．A secretary．C．A manager．听独白，回答下列各小题．现在，你有20 秒钟的时间阅读这个小题．8．（1）Who is the speaker？A．A teacher of the school．B．A member of the club．C．The founder of the club．（2）Why does Henry tell Lisa about the club？A．Because she cares about the environment．B．Because she is interested in school clubs．C．Because she once asked him about clubs．（3）What does the website that the club has provide？A．The information of the members．B．What things the members should do．C．Information about environmental problems and protection．（4）Which of the following is not true？A．The club started in 2008．B．The club is called Green Activity．C．There are only ten members in the club．第二部分阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中选出最佳选项．9．What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt？Here are some steps you should follow．But always remember to look for medical care after first aid if the wound is serious．Broken bones：Take away clothing from the wound．Use an ice pack．Don't move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive．Animal bites：Wash the bite area with soap and water．Pack the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding．If the bleeding has stopped，cover the area with a bandage and take the person to the hospital．Make sure you remember what kind of animal it is，so the doctor can find the right way to treat him or her at once．Fainting ：Have him or her lie with feet lifted a little．Don't move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall．Make sure he or she can breathe and let in fresh air．Clean the person's face with a cool cloth．Nosebleeds：Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted（倾斜）forward a little．Do nothave the person tilt his or her head back because this may cause heavy breathing or coughing．Pinch（捏）the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes．（1）What should we do first when an animal bite happens？A．Put an ice pack on the wound．B．Wash the bite area with soap and water．C．Try to stop the bleeding with a clean cloth．D．Take the hurt person to the hospital．（2）Which of the following is NOT right when a boy's nose bleeds？A．Let his head not tilt back．B．Let his head tilt forward a little．C．Let him sit up．D．Pinch his nose for less than l0minutes．（3）What does the underlined word "fainting" most probably mean in Chinese？A．触电B．昏厥C．中毒D．溺水（4）What's the main idea of the passage？A．First aid for some accidental wounds．B．Steps of looking for medical care．C．Advice on ways not to get hurt．D．Ways to ask for help in getting hurt．10．The first time I ever really noticed a disabled person，I was studying in the third grade．I saw some disabled people before，but I never really knew or cared about what those persons go through．When a new student arrived in my third grade class，I thought it would just be a common student，but this student was different．His name was Derek and he had autism（孤独症）．He sometimes had random outbursts（随意发作）during class and we would stand there，doing nothing because we didn't know why he was doing that．When he sat down at desk，we would try to get away from him．After class，we would play jokes on each other，imitating Derek，and laughing about it．Then one day，Derek's mom came to our class and talked with us．She told us that Derek wasn't just having random outbursts﹣﹣he was trying to communicate．Then she chose avolunteer and filled that person's mouth with soft sweets．When we found the volunteer had great trouble in trying to speak，the mother explained that was what Derek was going through every day．We all understood her meaning．After this talk，no one tried to make fun of Derek or run away from him．We accepted his outbursts in class and he became one of our friends．Having a class with Derek has taught me to have an open mind to those who are different from us．My experience in having an autistic classmate has provided me with a good lesson．Now whenever I meet a family with a child who's behaving differently，I always remember what I have learned in my third grade class and go up to him or her．（1）What did the author think of the boy before the mother's talk？A．Friendly．B．Humorous．C．Generous．D．Strange．（2）Which order is RIGHT according to the passage？a．Derek arrived in my class．b．We got on well with Derek．c．Derek's mom talked to us．d．We got away from him．A．c﹣a﹣d﹣bB．c﹣a﹣b﹣dC．a﹣c﹣b﹣dD．a﹣d﹣c﹣b（3）According to Derek's mother，Derek．A．didn't like the way others treated himB．was too shy to be with othersC．had problems in expressing himselfD．was good at communicating with others（4）After Derek's mom's talk，we did the following EXCEPT that．A．we became friendsB．we played togetherC．we played jokes on himD．we communicated with him（5）Which is the best title for the passage？A．Living with an open mind．B．Believing in yourself．C．Behaving in different ways．D．Making friends with the disabled．11．Every living thing on Earth is either a plant or an animal，right？Wrong!Many organisms（有机体）in our world are neither．Some of them float through the air，and some lie hidden in the ground．They do not need sunlight to survive，and if the weather becomes too cold，they can become inactive until conditions improve．What are these？They are called fungi（菌类），and you see them almost every day．Many kinds of fungi seem disgusting，such as the green black things that appear on the food which are left too long in the refrigerator．But other kinds are not so bad．For example，the yeast that is used to make bread and mushrooms （蘑菇）are both fungi．What makes fungi different from plants and animals？An animal can move around by itself．Fungi get around too，but they don't have feet，wings，or tails．They have to wait for wind or some other outside force to move them．Plants are different from fungi because they have chlorophyll（叶绿素）．It helps them make food from the energy in sunlight．Fungi do not have chlorophyll．Some fungi are bad，while others are not．Some fungi cause diseases，such as athlete's foot，which makes feet uncomfortable．Other kinds of fungi can be used to make medicines，which have saved many lives．Fungi clean up more than wounds，though．They are the world's first recyclers．Without fungi，our world would be a mess．Since fungi cannot make their own food as plants do，they must get their food elsewhere．Many fungi get their food from dead plants．They break them down and turn them into soil．The fungi get a meal，and the world gets a housecleaning．（1）What does the underlined word"disgusting"most probably mean？A．strongB．unpleasantC．activeD．small（2）According to the passage，．A．fungi can move everywhere by themselvesB．fungi are unable to survive in cold conditionsC．some fungi can make food from the energy in sunlight．D．some fungi are useful to humans and the environment（3）Where can you most probably find this passage？A．In a social report．B．In a biology book．C．In geography magazine．D．In a farming book．12．When did you last see a polar bear？On a trip to a zoo，perhaps？If you had attended a winter activity in New York a few years ago，you would have seen a whole polar bear club．These "Polar Bears" are people who meet frequently in the winter to swim in freezing cold water．That day，the air temperature was 3℃，and the water temperature was a little higher．The members of the Polar Bear Club at Coney Island，New York are usually about the age of 60．Members must satisfy two requirements．First，they must get along well with everyone else in the group．This is very important because there are so many different kinds of people in the club．Polar Bears must also agree to swim outdoors at least twice a month from November through February．Doctors do not agree about the medical effects of cold﹣winter swimming．Some are worried about the dangers of a condition in which the body's temperature drops so low that finally the heart stops．Other doctors，however，point out that there is more danger of a heart attack during summer swimming because the difference between the air temperature and water temperature is much greater in summer than in winter．The Polar Bears themselves are satisfied with the benefits （or advantages）of cold﹣water swimming．They say that their favorite form of exercise is very good for the circulatory system（循环系统）because it forces the blood to move fast to keep the body warm．Cold ﹣water swimmers usually turn bright red after a few minutes in the water．A person who turns blue probably has a very poor circulatory system and should not try cold﹣water swimming．The main benefits （or advantages）of cold﹣water swimming are probably mental．The Polar Bears love to swim all year round．They find it fun and relaxing．As one 70﹣year﹣old woman says．"When I go into water，I pour my troubles into the ocean and let them float away．"（1）The members of the Polar Bear Club must meet the following requirements EXCEPT that．A．they must reach the age of 60B．they should be easy to make friends withC．they must swim outdoors at least 8 times in the four cold monthsD．they must agree to swim outdoors from November through February（2）According to the passage，some doctors believe it is true that．A．you are healthy if cold﹣water swimming turns your skin color blueB．cold﹣water swimming causes more heart attacks in summer than in winterC．cold﹣water swimming can make the body temperature dangerously highD．Polar Bears are bears swimming in freezing water（3）The Polar Bears like to swim all the year round，for．A．they can remain youngB．it is an easy way to keep the body warm in winterC．they find it enjoyable and interestingD．they might meet fewer troubles in life根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有一项为多余选项．13．You can't choose your child's friends for him，but you can help him learn to choose friends wisely．（1）Here are a few ways to help your child make friends．●Build your child's self﹣confidence．When he succeeds or has made a great choice，tell him you're proud of him．（2）Your child is going through many changes and may feel like he isn't "good enough"．Building hisself﹣confidence will help him feel more confident and will make it easier for him to form healthy friendships．（3）Give him your full attention when he talks，and really listen to what he has to say．●Discuss the Qualities in a friend with your child．Discuss with your child the qualities that matter most，such as being reliable and kind，and making good choices when it comes to avoiding alcohol and tobacco．●Get to know your child's friends．（4）It's more important to talk with them and find out what they like to do．Allow your child to invite his friends over and get to know the better．（5）After school clubs and sports programs are good places for meeting new people．Be open to exploring different activities with your child to find something that he enjoys．A．Friends are very important for us．B．Introduce your child to new groups of people．C．Talk with your child every day and listen to his concerns．D．Try not to judge your child's friends based on how they dress．E．When he does not succeed，help him feel better and keep trying．F．You can teach him ways to find friends who will have a positive influence on him．第三部分英语知识运用完形填空通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中选出一个最佳选项．14．I remember my hardest homework was in science．I had to make a small（1）of a cell （细胞）．Science is one of my favorite subjects，but I am not that good at （2）things．（3），I used clay（陶土）．I made the clay into a ball，and cut off the top．This was to be the "cell （4）"．The problems began quickly．The "cell" broke into pieces every time I put my hand on it，and turned to mud every time it got（5）．It wasn't working．So，I used cement（水泥）to make a new cell wall．This one was strong，but it （6）had problems．First，it was the size of a basketball and was very heavy．It would be hard to （7）．Second，I couldn't（8）the other parts of the cell on to the cell wall ﹣the cement was too hard．Third，I wanted to use the tape to give（9）to the parts，but it would not stick to the cement．There was （10）I could do about the first problem．（11）the second problem，I put a wire（金属丝）around the cell wall and I used glue to stick parts on to it．Instead of tape，I used paint to name the （12）．There was one more （13）．The cell had to be full of clear water，like a real cell．I filled it with water and brought it to school，but soon the table was wet．I checked，and the cell had a（14）in it．That day，I got a B+ for my （15）．Although my cell didn't look good，my teacher could tell how hard I'd worked．Today，as a teacher myself，I keep the model in my classroom as a reminder that hard work should be rewarded（奖励）．（1）A．picture B．example C．model D．part（2）A．making B．shaping C．inventing D．dealing（3）A．At once B．At first C．At last D．At least（4）A．door B．floor C．wall D．material（5）A．wet B．clear C．hard D．strong（6）A．instead B．already C．also D．only（7）A．play B．fill C．take D．carry（8）A．move B．fix C．draw D．see（9）A．answers B．cover C．names D．choices（10）A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything （11）A．For B．As C．In D．To（12）A．cell B．parts C．wire D．model（13）A．problem B．mistake C．feeling D．change（14）A．card B．hole C．hit D．rock（15）A．homework B．show C．exam D．report语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的内容（1 个或 2 个单词），或括号内单词的正确形式．将答案填在答题纸的相应位置．15．While I was waiting for a bus at a bus stop，I saw a young man walk into the pay telephone nearby．After a while，he came out and looked very worried．When he saw me（1）（stand）there，he walked up to me in （2）hurry "Good morning，sir，" he said．"Do you know when Abraham Lincoln was born？" I felt a little （3）（surprise）at his words．"Something must be wrong with the poor young man，" I thought and didn't answer him．"Could you please tell me in（4）year Abraham Lincoln was born？" he repeated politely．Now I understood that he was not（5）（joke），so I smiled and told him that Abraham Lincoln was born in 1809．"Oh，yes! That is it!Thank you，" he said．Then he turned around and（6）（rush）into the pay telephone again．A few minutes later，he came out （7） a smile．He thanked me again and explained that he wanted to call his friend，（8）he forgot the telephone number．"You helped （9）（I）to remember it，" he said．"You see，his telephone number is 180909．It can be（10）（easy）remembered if you know when Abraham Lincoln was born．"第四部分写作第一节单词拼写根据下列句子及所给首字母，写出各单词的完全形式（每空限填一词）．16．The desk feels hard．It's made of m．17．Never fail to be t to the people around you．18．He has no c to face anything difficult．19．He c his birthday with his family every year．20．I looked t my drawer，but I could not find my keys．21．Prices are r fast nowadays．85 dollars can't go a long way．22．﹣Which country has the l population，China，India or USA？﹣China．23．It's twelve m walk from my school to that restaurant．24．They were s married last week without telling anybody．25．The cleaner cleans the street and e the dustbins along the street every day．书面表达26．假如你是Li lei，请你结合自己对三年初中生活与学习的感悟，用英语给即将入学的七年级新生提些建议．要求：1．语句通顺，时态正确，符合逻辑．2．字数70 个左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）．内容要点如下：1．初中学习任务更多，合理安排时间很重要；2．积极参加体育运动，保持健康；3．参加社团活动，使学校生活丰富；4．多交好友，互帮互学；5．（补充一两点个人想法）Welcome to our school!We will graduate from my school．Therefore I'd like to share something with you．．I hope you will have a wonderful school life．2018年浙江省杭州市中考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析听下面5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试题的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题．每段对话仅读一遍．1．How much should the man pay？A．3 dollars．B．8 dollars．C．24 dollars．【分析】略【解答】【答案】C【解析】【原文】M：How much are these postcards？W：3 dollars each．M：I'd like eight of them，please．【点评】略2．What's the weather like today？A．It's sunny．B．It's rainy．C．It's windy．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略3．Which sign will the man see？A．NO PARKING!B．NO SMOKING!C．NO PHOTOS．【分析】略【解答】【答案】C【解析】【原文】M：Oh，wow! Mona Lisa! It's such a famous painting．I must take a photo of it．W：Sorry，sir．I'm afraid you can't do that．Look at the sign on the wall．【点评】略4．Where is the man？A．On the street．B．At a restaurant．C．In a hospital．【分析】略【解答】【答案】C【解析】【原文】W：Here's the medicine for you．Take two tablets each time and three times daily．Drink more water and take a good rest．You will soon be OK．【点评】略5．How will the boy go to school today？A．He will take the school bus．B．He will go in his mother's car．C．He will go by bike．【分析】略【解答】【答案】B【解析】【原文】W：Hurry up，Jack! You are running out of time．The school bus is arriving in three minutes．M：Oh，no! I haven't even brushed my teeth yet．Mom．Could you please give me a lift today？W：All right．It seems I have to．【点评】略听下面三段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置．听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5 秒钟的作答时间．每段对话或独白读两遍．听对话，回答下列各小题．现在，你有15 秒钟的时间阅读这个小题．6．（1）How many hours does the woman probably spend on the Internet a week？A．About 2 or 3 hoursB．About 3 or 4 hoursC．About 3 or 5 hours（2）What does the woman like to do ？A．To surf the InternetB．To read e﹣mailC．To write letters in ink（3）What do we know about the woman？A．She's too busy to send any e﹣mailB．She gets some information on the Internet．C．She is looking through books in the library【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略听对话，回答下列小题．现在，你有15 秒钟的时间阅读这个小题．7．（1）Why does the man come there？A．To talk with Mr．Brown．B．To attend an interview．C．To look at a new product．（2）How long has the meeting lasted？A．For an hour．B．For half an hour．C．For one and a half hours．（3）What does the woman most probably do？A．A waitress．B．A secretary．C．A manager．【分析】略【解答】【答案】（1）A （2）A （3）B【解析】【原文】W：Good morning，this is Mr．Brown's office．May I help you？M：Yes．Mr．Brown will meet me at 4：30 this afternoon．We'll talk my company's new products．．W：I'm sorry，but he is at a meeting now．He was asked to go to the meeting at 3：30 p．m．unexpectedly and left in a hurry．He didn't tell you about the meeting，right？M：Right．How long do you think the meeting will last？W：Well，it's 4：30 p．m．Now．I don't think the meeting will go on for much longer．Could you wait here for a while？M：OK．W：Would you like something to drink，Mr．Brown？M：Just a glass of cold water，please．It's kind of hot today．W：OK．Just a moment，please．【点评】略听独白，回答下列各小题．现在，你有20 秒钟的时间阅读这个小题．8．（1）Who is the speaker？A．A teacher of the school．B．A member of the club．C．The founder of the club．（2）Why does Henry tell Lisa about the club？A．Because she cares about the environment．B．Because she is interested in school clubs．C．Because she once asked him about clubs．（3）What does the website that the club has provide？A．The information of the members．B．What things the members should do．C．Information about environmental problems and protection．（4）Which of the following is not true？A．The club started in 2008．B．The club is called Green Activity．C．There are only ten members in the club．【分析】略【解答】【答案】（1）B （2）A （3）C （4）C【解析】【原文】Hi，Lisa．This is Henry speaking．Since you care about environment，you may be interested in the school club I am in．Now I'll tell you something about it．The club is called Green Activity．It was started in 2008．It is very popular in our school．At the beginning，there were only ten members．Now there are over two hundred members．First，the club has a website．It provides the latest information about environmental problems and protection．Members should find such reports on the Internet and post them on the club's website．Second the club gives lectures on environment twice each term．Members should help organize them．Third ，members will take part in a cleaning activity once a year，starting with the most polluted places．Members usually meet on the last Friday of each month．【点评】略第二部分阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中选出最佳选项．9．What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt？Here are some steps you should follow．But always remember to look for medical care after first aid if the wound is serious．Broken bones：Take away clothing from the wound．Use an ice pack．Don't move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive．Animal bites：Wash the bite area with soap and water．Pack the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding．If the bleeding has stopped，cover the area with a bandage and take the person to the hospital．Make sure you remember what kind of animal it is，so the doctor can find the right way to treat him or her at once．Fainting ：Have him or her lie with feet lifted a little．Don't move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall．Make sure he or she can breathe and let in fresh air．Clean the person's face with a cool cloth．Nosebleeds：Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted（倾斜）forward a little．Do nothave the person tilt his or her head back because this may cause heavy breathing or coughing．Pinch（捏）the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes．（1）What should we do first when an animal bite happens？BA．Put an ice pack on the wound．B．Wash the bite area with soap and water．C．Try to stop the bleeding with a clean cloth．D．Take the hurt person to the hospital．（2）Which of the following is NOT right when a boy's nose bleeds？DA．Let his head not tilt back．B．Let his head tilt forward a little．C．Let him sit up．D．Pinch his nose for less than l0minutes．（3）What does the underlined word "fainting" most probably mean in Chinese？BA．触电B．昏厥C．中毒D．溺水（4）What's the main idea of the passage？AA．First aid for some accidental wounds．B．Steps of looking for medical care．C．Advice on ways not to get hurt．D．Ways to ask for help in getting hurt．【分析】当我们的同班同学突然生病或者受伤我们应该怎么办？短文为我们介绍了一些意外伤害的急救办法．【解答】（1）B．细节理解题．根据第三段"Wash the bite area with soap and water．"可知被动物咬伤后先要用肥皂水清洗伤口，故选B．（2）D．细节理解题．根据"Do not have the person tilt his or her head back"可知不要让他的头往后仰，故A正确；根据"Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted（倾斜）forwarda little．"可知让他做起来，头稍微前倾，故B、C项正确；根据"Pinch（捏）the lower partof the nose for at least 10 minutes．"可知要捏住鼻子下部至少十分钟而不是少于十分钟，故D不正确，结合题干，故选D．（3）B．词义猜测题．根据第四段"Make sure he or she can breathe and let in fresh air．Clean the person's face with a cool cloth．"确保其呼吸新鲜空气，用凉布擦脸，可以推测该词意为"昏厥"，故选B．（4）A．主题归纳题．根据首段What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt？Here are some steps you should follow．如果我们的一个同学突然生病或者受伤了，我们该怎么办？这里有一些步骤你应该遵循．结合文章主要介绍了骨折、昏厥、动物咬伤等意外伤害的急救方法，故选A．【点评】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题．10．The first time I ever really noticed a disabled person，I was studying in the third grade．I saw some disabled people before，but I never really knew or cared about what those persons go through．When a new student arrived in my third grade class，I thought it would just be a common student，but this student was different．His name was Derek and he had autism（孤独症）．He sometimes had random outbursts（随意发作）during class and we would stand there，doing nothing because we didn't know why he was doing that．When he sat down at desk，we would try to get away from him．After class，we would play jokes on each other，imitating Derek，and laughing about it．Then one day，Derek's mom came to our class and talked with us．She told us that Derek wasn't just having random outbursts﹣﹣he was trying to communicate．Then she chose a volunteer and filled that person's mouth with soft sweets．When we found the volunteer had great trouble in trying to speak，the mother explained that was what Derek was going through every day．We all understood her meaning．After this talk，no one tried to make fun of Derek or run away from him．We accepted his outbursts in class and he became one of our friends．Having a class with Derek has taught me to have an open mind to those who are different from us．My experience in having an autistic classmate has provided me with a good lesson．Now whenever I meet a family with a child who's behaving differently，I always remember what I have learned in my third grade class and go up to him or her．（1）What did the author think of the boy before the mother's talk？DA．Friendly．B．Humorous．C．Generous．D．Strange．（2）Which order is RIGHT according to the passage？Da．Derek arrived in my class．b．We got on well with Derek．c．Derek's mom talked to us．d．We got away from him．A．c﹣a﹣d﹣bB．c﹣a﹣b﹣dC．a﹣c﹣b﹣dD．a﹣d﹣c﹣b（3）According to Derek's mother，Derek C．A．didn't like the way others treated himB．was too shy to be with othersC．had problems in expressing himselfD．was good at communicating with others（4）After Derek's mom's talk，we did the following EXCEPT that C．A．we became friendsB．we played togetherC．we played jokes on himD．we communicated with him（5）Which is the best title for the passage？AA．Living with an open mind．B．Believing in yourself．C．Behaving in different ways．D．Making friends with the disabled．【分析】本文讲述了作者的新同学Derek有孤独症，从嘲笑他到跟他最朋友，在这个过程中，作者明白了，对于那些不同于我们的人要有一个开放的心态．【解答】（1）D．推理判断题．根据第二段When a new student arrived in my third grade class…we didn't know why he was doing that，作者认为德里克不是正常学生及对他发病后作者及同学们的表现，可以推断作者对Derek的评价不是褒义词，对比选项：A．Friendly 友好的；B．Humorous幽默的；C．Generous．豁达的；D．Strange奇怪的，可知A、B、C项为褒义词，故选D．（2）D．细节理解题．根据第二段When a new student arrived in my third grade class，可知，是Dered到了班级，所以a排在第一．根据第二段When he sat down at desk，we would try to get away from him，Derek有时随意发作，同学们远离他，所以d排在第二．根据第三段Then one day，Derek's mom came to our class and talked with us，一天，Derek的妈妈来跟同学们谈话，所以c排在第三．根据第四段We accepted his outbursts in class and he became one of our friends，在跟Derek的妈妈谈过话之后，同学们明白了，接纳了他并跟他成为了朋友，所以b排在第四．正确的顺序为a﹣d﹣c﹣b．故选D．（3）C．细节理解题．根据第三段When we found the volunteer had great trouble in trying to speak，the mother explained that was what Derek was going through every day．可知，Derek 在设法说话时有困难，即表达时有困难，故选C．（4）C．细节理解题．根据第四段After this talk，no one tried to make fun of Derek or run away from him．We accepted his outbursts in class and he became one of our friends．可知，Derek妈妈的谈话后，学生们接受了他的随意发作，并和他成为朋友，学生们不再开他的玩笑．对比选项，可知C项不是德里克妈妈谈话后学生们做的事情，故选C．（5）A．标题归纳题．根据第四段Having a class with Derek has taught me to have an open mind to those who are different from us．My experience in having an autistic classmate has provided me with a good lesson，这篇短文中作者通过讲述自己接纳孤独症的同学的经历，认识到当遇到和我们不同的人的时候我们要有开放的包容的态度．对比四个选项：A．Living with an open mind以开放，接纳的心态生活；B．Believing in yourself．相信自己；C．Behaving in different ways．以不同的方式表现；D．Making friends with the disabled．和残疾人交朋友．结合短文大意，A选项是最符合本文标题．故选A．。
2018年浙江省杭州市中考语文一模试卷
2018年浙江省杭州市中考语文一模试卷一、选择题（共2小题，每小题3分，满分6分）1．（3分）下列各句中，没有错别字且加点字的注音正确的一项是（）A．夜间滥用远光灯是人们深恶。
（è）痛绝的违法行为之一，极易引发恶性交通事故B．很难想像他看上去一副儒雅书生的模。
（mú）样，竟然是一位驰聘警界的风云人物C．“中国好字帖。
（tiě）“大赛起动以来，便有许多书法爱好者踊跃访问网站参与互动D．徘徊。
（huái）在古镇的街头巷口，游客们仿佛置身于岁月的繁华、沧桑中，感慨万分。
2．（3分）下列句子中加点的词语使用恰当的项是（）A．朗读时必需．．真正理解文句的意思，否则音质再好、语言再流畅也是枉然无功；甚至还会产生歧义。
B．“一带一路”构想传承和延续了古丝绸之路的精神，被赋予了时代的新内涵，为地区和全球可持续增长开辟．．了新空间。
C．一位退休女护土跪地30 分钟救人的举动被热心人拍了下米，并发送到了朋友圈，很快成为了人们道听途说．．．．的热门话题。
D．清晨，在高大茂密的树林里。
我边走边学着噪鹃的叫声，很快就听见它们鳞．次栉比．．．的应和声，美妙极了。
二、解答题（共1小题，满分3分）3．（3分）阅读下面的文字，完成（1）（2）两小题。
①随着五水共治工作的不断推进，西湖区将开展新一轮污水“零直排”小区创建工作，以改善污水入河情况。
所谓“零直排”，指的是将原先的雨水立管进行顶部割接后作为废水管纳入污水管网，同时新增一根雨水立管，接入城市雨水管网。
②这样做是为了防止废水里的氮，磷成分引发河水富营养化，进而造成水体污染为目的。
③去年，莲花东村通过这种方式，彻底实现了小区内部的雨污分流；解决了困扰已久的阳台水治理，成果明显。
2018 年西湖区将在去年的工作经验基础上，扩大试点范园，最终确认了四个小区“零直排”整治。
它们分别是翠苑街道的学院路99 号、保亭东二村，古荡街道的嘉禾花苑，三墩镇的港湾家园。
2018年浙江省杭州市余杭区中考生物一模试卷(J)
2018年浙江省杭州市余杭区中考生物一模试卷(J)副标题题号一二三四总分得分一、选择题（本大题共5小题，共5.0分）1.2017年，世界首例体细胞克隆猴“中中”在中国科学院神经科学研究所诞生。
下列生物的生殖类型与“中中”相似的是（）A. 青蛙体外受精B. 人类的剖腹产C. 扦插柳树枝条D. 小麦种子萌发出麦苗【答案】C【解析】解：2017年，世界首例体细胞克隆猴“中中”在中国科学院神经科学研究所诞生，克隆猴是用体细胞作为供体细胞进行细胞核移植的，它利用了胚胎细胞进行核移植的传统方式，没有经过雌雄交配，不需要精子和卵子的结合，只需从动物身上提取一个单细胞，用人工的方法将其培养成胚胎，再将胚胎移植到雌性动物子宫内，就可孕育出新的个体，“中中”的获得利用了克隆技术。
下列生物的生殖类型与“中中”相似的是扦插柳树枝条，也属于无性生殖，而青蛙体外受精、人类的剖腹产、小麦种子萌发出麦苗，均经过两性生殖细胞的结合，属于有性生殖。
故选：C。
克隆指的是先将含有遗传物质的供体细胞的核移植到去除了细胞核的卵细胞中，然后促使这一新细胞分裂繁殖发育成胚胎，当胚胎发育到一定程度后，再被植入动物子宫中使动物怀孕，便可产下与提供细胞者基因相同的动物。
解答此类题目的关键是理解掌握克隆技术的特点以及克隆的过程。
2.如图所示的4种细胞来自同一人体，则下列有关叙述中，错误的是（）A. 因为来自同一人体，所以4中细胞的细胞核中都有DNAB. 在神经细胞和上皮细胞中，DNA的基本单位都是脱氧核苷酸C. 4种细胞的形态和功能不相同是细胞分化的结果D. 4种细胞的形态、结构和功能相适应是自然选择的结果【答案】A【解析】解：A、卵细胞是经过减数分裂而来，其中的DNA含量减半，并且成熟的红细胞中没有细胞核（无核DNA），A错误；B、在神经细胞和上皮细胞中，DNA的基本单位都是脱氧核苷酸，B正确；C、4种细胞的形态和功能不相同是细胞分化的结果，C正确；D、4种细胞的形态、结构和功能相适应是自然选择的结果，D正确。
2018年浙江省杭州市余杭区中考生物一模试卷
2018年浙江省杭州市余杭区中考生物一模试卷一、选择题1．(★★)2017年，世界首例体细胞克隆猴“中中”在中国科学院神经科学研究所诞生。
下列生物的生殖类型与“中中”相似的是（）A．青蛙体外受精 B．人类的剖腹产C．扦插柳树枝条 D．小麦种子萌发出麦苗2．(★★)如图所示的4种细胞来自同一人体，则下列有关叙述中，错误的是（）A．因为来自同一人体，所以4中细胞的细胞核中都有DNAB．在神经细胞和上皮细胞中，DNA的基本单位都是脱氧核苷酸C．4种细胞的形态和功能不相同是细胞分化的结果D．4种细胞的形态、结构和功能相适应是自然选择的结果3．(★★)如图所示，某同学在一个保温瓶中放入葡萄糖和酵母菌溶液，用带有双孔的塞子封口，随着反应的进行，可以观察到锥形瓶中指示剂的颜色发生变化。
下列有关该实验的叙述中，正确的是（）A．锥形瓶中指示剂的颜色变成蓝色B．保温瓶中的所有酵母菌是一个群落C．影响酵母菌呼吸类型的重要因素是保温瓶中氧气的含量D．本实验可以用来精确测定酵母菌细胞呼吸释放的CO2量4．(★★★)下列有关人体新陈代谢及生命活动调节的叙述中，正确的是（）A．人体在炎热的环境中，汗液分泌量增加，此时人体产热量远远高于散热量B．大脑主要负责呼吸、心跳等重要的生命中枢C．发烧的病人消化不良，主要原因是体温过高减弱了消化酶的活性D．糖尿病是由于胰岛素分泌过多引起的5．(★★)某校科学兴趣小组探究大豆种子在萌发成幼苗的过程中，将其鲜重和干重的变化分别绘制成甲、乙两条曲线，有关叙述不正确的是（）A．大豆种子萌发过程受多种激素共同调节B．d点之后植物开始进行光合作用C．曲线甲中a→b变化的主要原因是种子萌发吸收了大量的水分D．曲线乙中a→c变化的主要原因是种子萌发时，呼吸作用消耗了有机物二．填空题6．(★★★)如图的漫画表示人体受到某种病原体感染时发生的免疫反应，请据图回答：（中只填序号）（1）图中②代表人体内的淋巴细胞，则表示病原体的是①．若该病原体没有细胞结构，只由蛋白质外壳和内部的遗传物质组成，则它是病毒；若它是某种细菌，则属于原核（选填真核/原核）生物。
2018年浙江省杭州市中考数学一模试卷
2018年浙江省杭州市中考数学一模试卷一、选择题：本题有10小题，每小题3分，共30分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合要求的．1．（3分）已知⊙O的半径是5cm，点O到同一平面内直线a的距离为4cm，则直线a与⊙O 的位置关系是（）A．相交B．相切C．相离D．相交或相离2．（3分）二次函数y＝2（x﹣1）（x﹣2）的图象与y轴的交点坐标是（）A．（0，1）B．（0，2）C．（0，4）D．（0，﹣4）3．（3分）如图，已知Rt△ABC中，∠C＝90°，AC＝4，tan A＝，则BC的长是（）A．2B．8C．2D．44．（3分）酒店厨房的桌子上摆放着若干碟子，小辉分别从三个方向上看，把它们的三视图画了下来（如图所示），则桌子上共有碟子（）A．17 个B．12 个C．10 个D．7 个5．（3分）已知如图：（1）、（2）中各有两个三角形，其边长和角的度数已在图上标注，图（2）中AB、CD交于0点，对于各图中的两个三角形而言，下列说法正确的是（）A．都相似B．都不相似C．只有（1）相似D．只有（2）相似6．（3分）已知二次函数的图象（0≤x≤4）如图，关于该函数在所给自变量的取值范围内，下列说法正确的是（）A．有最大值2，有最小值﹣2.5B．有最大值2，有最小值1.5C．有最大值1.5，有最小值﹣2.5D．有最大值2，无最小值7．（3分）如图，AB是⊙O的直径，AC是⊙O的切线，连接OC交⊙O于点D，连接BD，∠C＝40°．则∠ABD的度数是（）A．30°B．25°C．20°D．15°8．（3分）如图，在纸上剪下一个圆形和一个扇形的纸片，使之恰好能围成一个圆锥模型，若圆的半径为r，扇形的圆心角等于120°，则围成的圆锥模型的高为（）A．r B．2r C．r D．3r9．（3分）已知点（x0，y0）是二次函数y＝ax2+bx+c（a＞0）的一个点且x0满足关于x的方程4ax+2b＝0，则下列选项正确的是（）A．对于任意实数x都有y≥y0B．对于任意实数x都有y≤y0C．对于任意实数x都有y＞y0D．对于任意实数x都有y＜y010．（3分）已知如图，Rt△ABC中，∠ACB＝90°，E是斜边AB的中点，D是线段AC延长线上的一点，连结DB、DE，DE与BC交于点G．给出下列结论：①若AD＝BD，则AC•AD＝AE•AB；②若AB＝BD，则DG＝2GE；③若CD＝BE，则∠A＝2∠ADE．其中正确的是（）A．①②B．①③C．②③D．①②③二、填空题：本题有6个小题，每小题3分，共24分．第10题图11．（3分）某校九年1班共有45位学生，其中男生有25人，现从中任选一位学生，选中女生的概率是．12．（3分）若0°＜α＜90°，tanα＝1，则sinα＝．13．（3分）一个圆锥的主视图是底边为12，底边上的高为8的等腰三角形，则这个圆锥的表面积为cm2．14．（3分）如图，△ABC内接于⊙O，DA、DC分别切⊙O于A、C两点，∠ABC＝114°，则∠ADC的度数为．15．（3分）若抛物线y＝ax2﹣x+c与y＝2（x﹣3）2+1对称轴相同，且两抛物线的顶点相距3个单位长度，则c的值为．16．（3分）如图，边长为12的正△ABC中，D是BC边的中点，一束光线自D发出射到AC上的点E后，依次反射到AB、BC上的点F和G（根据光学原理∠DEC＝∠AEF，∠AFE＝∠BFG）．（1）若∠FGB＝45°，CE＝；（2）若BG＝9，则tan∠DEC的值是．三、解答题：本题有7小题，共66分．解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或推演步骤．17．（8分）已知二次函数y＝x2+2x+m的图象过点A（3，0）．（1）求m的值；（2）当x取何值时，函数值y随x的增大而增大．18．（10分）一个直四棱柱的三视图如图所示，俯视图是一个菱形，求这个直四棱柱的表面积．19．（10分）如图，在△ABO中，OA＝OB，C是边AB的中点，以O为圆心的圆过点C．（1）求证：AB与⊙O相切；（2）若AB＝16，sin A＝，求⊙O的面积．20．（10分）如图，已知CD为Rt△ABC斜边上的中线，过点D作AC的平行线，过点C 作CD的垂线，两线相交于点E．（1）求证：△ABC∽△DEC；（2）若CE＝3，CD＝4，求CB的长．21．（10分）如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠ACB＝90°，E是边BC上的点，过点E作AB的垂线交AB于点F，交射线AC于点D，连结AE，（1）若S△AFD：S△EFB＝2，求sin∠BAE的值；（2）若tan∠BAE＝，AC＝2，AF＝4，求BE的值．22．（12分）在平面直角坐标系xOy中，抛物线y＝2x2﹣8x+6与x轴交于点A、B（点A在点B的左侧），与y轴交于点C．点D的坐标为（0，m），过D作y轴垂线与抛物线相交于点P（x1，y1），Q（x2，y2）（点P在点Q的左侧），与直线BC相交于点N（x3，y3）．（1）在同一坐标系内画出抛物线y＝2x2﹣8x+6与直线BC的草图；（2）当2＜m＜4时，比较x1，x2，x3的大小关系；（3）若x1＜x2＜x3，求x1+x2+x3的取值范围．23．（12分）如图，在边长为4的等边△ABC中，点D是射线BC上的任意一点（不含端点C），连结AD，以AD为边作等边△ADE（E与B在直线AD的两侧），连结CE．（1）当点D在线段BC上时，①求证：∠ABD＝∠ACE．②记△DCE的面积为s，问s是否有最大值？请说明理由．（2）当△ABD的面积是△DCE面积的两倍时，求线段DE的长．2018年浙江省杭州市中考数学一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题：本题有10小题，每小题3分，共30分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合要求的．1．（3分）已知⊙O的半径是5cm，点O到同一平面内直线a的距离为4cm，则直线a与⊙O 的位置关系是（）A．相交B．相切C．相离D．相交或相离【分析】设圆的半径为r，点O到直线l的距离为d，若d＜r，则直线与圆相交；若d＝r，则直线与圆相切；若d＞r，则直线与圆相离，从而得出答案．【解答】解：设圆的半径为r，点O到直线l的距离为d，∵d＝4，r＝5，∴d＜r，∴直线l与圆相交．故选：A．【点评】本题考查的是直线与圆的位置关系，解决此类问题的关键是通过比较圆心到直线距离d与圆半径大小关系完成判定．2．（3分）二次函数y＝2（x﹣1）（x﹣2）的图象与y轴的交点坐标是（）A．（0，1）B．（0，2）C．（0，4）D．（0，﹣4）【分析】代入x＝0求出y值，进而即可得出二次函数图象与y轴的交点坐标．【解答】解：当x＝0时，y＝2（x﹣1）（x﹣2）＝2×（0﹣1）（0﹣2）＝4．∴二次函数y＝2（x﹣1）（x﹣2）的图象与y轴的交点坐标是（0，4）．故选：C．【点评】本题考查了二次函数图象上点的坐标特征，代入x＝0求出y值是解题的关键．3．（3分）如图，已知Rt△ABC中，∠C＝90°，AC＝4，tan A＝，则BC的长是（）A．2B．8C．2D．4【分析】根据锐角三角函数定义得出tan A＝，代入求出即可．【解答】解：∵tan A＝＝，AC＝4，∴BC＝2，故选：A．【点评】本题考查了锐角三角函数定义的应用，注意：在Rt△ACB中，∠C＝90°，sin A ＝，cos A＝，tan A＝．4．（3分）酒店厨房的桌子上摆放着若干碟子，小辉分别从三个方向上看，把它们的三视图画了下来（如图所示），则桌子上共有碟子（）A．17 个B．12 个C．10 个D．7 个【分析】从俯视图中可以看出最底层的碟子个数及形状，从主视图可以看出每一层碟子的层数和个数，从而算出总的个数．【解答】解：由图可看出，桌子上的碟子可以分成三摞，他们的个数分别是5，4，3，因此桌子上碟子的个数应该是4+5+3＝12个．故选：B．【点评】本题考查对三视图的理解应用及空间想象能力．可从主视图上分清物体的上下和左右的层数，从俯视图上分清物体的左右和前后位置，综合上述分析数出碟子的个数．5．（3分）已知如图：（1）、（2）中各有两个三角形，其边长和角的度数已在图上标注，图（2）中AB、CD交于0点，对于各图中的两个三角形而言，下列说法正确的是（）A．都相似B．都不相似C．只有（1）相似D．只有（2）相似【分析】图（1）根据三角形的内角和定理，即可求得△ABC的第三角，由有两角对应相等的三角形相似，即可判定（1）中的两个三角形相似；图（2）根据图形中的已知条件，即可证得，又由对顶角相等，即可根据对应边成比例且夹角相等的三角形相似证得相似．【解答】解：如图（1）∵∠A＝35°，∠B＝75°，∴∠C＝180°﹣∠A﹣∠B＝70°，∵∠E＝75°，∠F＝70°，∴∠B＝∠E，∠C＝∠F，∴△ABC∽△DEF；如图（2）∵OA＝4，OD＝3，OC＝8，OB＝6，∴，∵∠AOC＝∠DOB，∴△AOC∽△DOB．故选：A．【点评】此题考查了相似三角形的判定．注意有两角对应相等的三角形相似与对顶角相等，即可根据对应边成比例且夹角相等的三角形相似的定理的应用．6．（3分）已知二次函数的图象（0≤x≤4）如图，关于该函数在所给自变量的取值范围内，下列说法正确的是（）A．有最大值2，有最小值﹣2.5B．有最大值2，有最小值1.5C．有最大值1.5，有最小值﹣2.5D．有最大值2，无最小值【分析】直接利用利用函数图象得出函数的最值．【解答】解：∵二次函数的图象（0≤x≤4）如图，关于该函数在所给自变量的取值范围内，∴x＝1时，有最大值2，x＝4时，有最小值﹣2.5．故选：A．【点评】此题主要考查了二次函数的最值，利用数形结合分析是解题关键．7．（3分）如图，AB是⊙O的直径，AC是⊙O的切线，连接OC交⊙O于点D，连接BD，∠C＝40°．则∠ABD的度数是（）A．30°B．25°C．20°D．15°【分析】根据切线的性质求出∠OAC，结合∠C＝40°求出∠AOC，根据等腰三角形性质求出∠B＝∠BDO，根据三角形外角性质求出即可．【解答】解：∵AC是⊙O的切线，∴∠OAC＝90°，∵∠C＝40°，∴∠AOC＝50°，∵OB＝OD，∴∠ABD＝∠BDO，∵∠ABD+∠BDO＝∠AOC，∴∠ABD＝25°，故选：B．【点评】本题考查了切线的性质，三角形外角性质，三角形内角和定理，等腰三角形性质的应用，解此题的关键是求出∠AOC的度数，题目比较好，难度适中．8．（3分）如图，在纸上剪下一个圆形和一个扇形的纸片，使之恰好能围成一个圆锥模型，若圆的半径为r，扇形的圆心角等于120°，则围成的圆锥模型的高为（）A．r B．2r C．r D．3r【分析】首先求得围成的圆锥的母线长，然后利用勾股定理求得其高即可．【解答】解：∵圆的半径为r，扇形的弧长等于底面圆的周长得出2πr．设圆锥的母线长为R，则＝2πr，解得：R＝3r．根据勾股定理得圆锥的高为2r，故选：B．【点评】本题主要考查圆锥侧面面积的计算，正确理解圆的周长就是扇形的弧长是解题的关键．9．（3分）已知点（x0，y0）是二次函数y＝ax2+bx+c（a＞0）的一个点且x0满足关于x的方程4ax+2b＝0，则下列选项正确的是（）A．对于任意实数x都有y≥y0B．对于任意实数x都有y≤y0C．对于任意实数x都有y＞y0D．对于任意实数x都有y＜y0【分析】由x0满足关于x的方程4ax+2b＝0，可得出点（x0，y0）是二次函数y＝ax2+bx+c 的顶点坐标，再由a＞0利用二次函数的性质即可得出对于任意实数x都有y≥y0，此题得解．【解答】解：∵x0满足关于x的方程4ax+2b＝0，∴x0＝﹣，∴点（x0，y0）是二次函数y＝ax2+bx+c的顶点坐标．∵a＞0，∴对于任意实数x都有y≥y0．故选：A．【点评】本题考查了二次函数的性质，牢记“当a＞0时，顶点是抛物线的最低点”是解题的关键．10．（3分）已知如图，Rt△ABC中，∠ACB＝90°，E是斜边AB的中点，D是线段AC延长线上的一点，连结DB、DE，DE与BC交于点G．给出下列结论：①若AD＝BD，则AC•AD＝AE•AB；②若AB＝BD，则DG＝2GE；③若CD＝BE，则∠A＝2∠ADE．其中正确的是（）A．①②B．①③C．②③D．①②③【分析】根据直角三角形的性质、等腰三角形的三线合一、三角形的外角的性质计算即可判断．【解答】解：①∵AD＝BD，E是斜边AB的中点，∴DE⊥AB，又∠ACB＝90°，∠A＝∠A，∴△AED∽△ACB，∴＝，即AC•AD＝AE•AB，①正确；②∵AB＝BD，∠ACB＝90°，∴BC是△ABD的中线，又DE是△ABD的中线，∴点G是△ABD的重心，∴DG＝2GE，②正确；③连接CE，∵∠ACB＝90°，E是斜边AB的中点，∴EC＝EA＝EB，∴∠A＝∠ECA，CD＝CE，∴∠CDE＝∠CED，∵∠ECA＝∠CDE+∠CED＝2∠ADE，∴∠A＝2∠ADE，③正确；故选：D．【点评】本题考查的是相似三角形的性质、直角三角形的性质，掌握相似三角形的判定定理和性质定理是解题的关键．二、填空题：本题有6个小题，每小题3分，共24分．第10题图11．（3分）某校九年1班共有45位学生，其中男生有25人，现从中任选一位学生，选中女生的概率是．【分析】先求出女生的人数，再用女生人数除以总人数即可得出答案．【解答】解：∵共有45位学生，其中男生有25人，∴女生有20人，∴选中女生的概率是＝；故答案为：．【点评】此题考查了概率公式，用到的知识点为：概率＝所求情况数与总情况数之比．12．（3分）若0°＜α＜90°，tanα＝1，则sinα＝．【分析】由0°＜α＜90°、tanα＝1知∠α＝45°，据此可得sinα＝．【解答】解：∵0°＜α＜90°，tanα＝1，∴∠α＝45°，则sinα＝，故答案为：．【点评】本题主要考查特殊锐角三角函数值，解题的关键是熟记特殊锐角的三角函数值．13．（3分）一个圆锥的主视图是底边为12，底边上的高为8的等腰三角形，则这个圆锥的表面积为96πcm2．【分析】首先求得底面的周长、面积，利用勾股定理求得圆锥的母线长，然后利用扇形的面积公式即可求得圆锥的侧面积，加上底面面积就是表面积．【解答】解：底面周长是12πcm，底面积是：π×（12÷2）2＝36πcm2．母线长是：＝10cm，则圆锥的侧面积是：π×（12÷2）×10＝60πcm2，则圆锥的表面积为36π+60π＝96πcm2．故答案是：96π．【点评】本题考查了圆锥的计算，勾股定理，圆的面积公式，圆的周长公式和扇形面积公式求解．注意圆锥表面积＝底面积+侧面积＝π×底面半径2+底面周长×母线长÷2的应用．14．（3分）如图，△ABC内接于⊙O，DA、DC分别切⊙O于A、C两点，∠ABC＝114°，则∠ADC的度数为48°．【分析】如图，在⊙O上取一点K，连接AK、KC、OA、OC．求出∠AOC的角度，即可解决问题；【解答】解：如图，在⊙O上取一点K，连接AK、KC、OA、OC．∵∠AKC+∠ABC＝180°，∵∠ABC＝114°，∴∠AKC＝66°，∴∠AOC＝2∠AKC＝132°，∵DA、DC分别切⊙O于A、C两点，∴∠OAD＝∠OCB＝90°，∴∠ADC+∠AOC＝180°，∴∠ADC＝48°故答案为48°．【点评】本题考查切线的性质、圆周角定理、圆内接四边形的性质等知识，解题的关键是学会添加常用辅助线，灵活运用所学知识解决问题，属于中考常考题型．15．（3分）若抛物线y＝ax2﹣x+c与y＝2（x﹣3）2+1对称轴相同，且两抛物线的顶点相距3个单位长度，则c的值为或﹣．【分析】根据题意求出a＝，y＝x2﹣x+c的顶点坐标为（3，4）或（3，﹣2），代入计算即可．【解答】解：y＝2（x﹣3）2+1对称轴是x＝3，顶点坐标为（3，1），∵抛物线y＝ax2﹣x+c与y＝2（x﹣3）2+1对称轴相同，∴﹣＝3，解得，a＝，∵两抛物线的顶点相距3个单位长度，∴y＝x2﹣x+c的顶点坐标为（3，4）或（3，﹣2），把（3，4）代入y＝x2﹣x+c得，c＝，把（3，﹣2）代入y＝x2﹣x+c得，c＝﹣，故答案为：或﹣．【点评】本题考查的是二次函数的图形和性质，正确求出二次函数的对称轴、顶点坐标、灵活运用分情况讨论思想是解题的关键．16．（3分）如图，边长为12的正△ABC中，D是BC边的中点，一束光线自D发出射到AC上的点E后，依次反射到AB、BC上的点F和G（根据光学原理∠DEC＝∠AEF，∠AFE＝∠BFG）．（1）若∠FGB＝45°，CE＝3+3；（2）若BG＝9，则tan∠DEC的值是．【分析】（1）根据光学原理和等边三角形的性质及三角形的内角和定理，先求出∠DEC 的度数，再利用直角三角形求出CE的长；（2）先证明△AFE∽△BFG，△AEF∽△CED，利用相似三角形的性质求出当BG＝8时CE的长，再利用直角三角形求出∠DEC的正切．【解答】解：过点D作DM⊥CE，垂足为M（1）∵△ABC是正三角形，∴∠A＝∠B＝∠C＝60°，AB＝AC＝BC＝12，∵∠FGB＝45°，∴∠BFG＝∠AFE＝180°﹣60°﹣45°＝75°，∴∠DEC＝∠AEF＝∠180°﹣75°﹣60°＝45°∵D是BC边的中点，∴DC＝6，在Rt△DMC中，∵∠C＝60°，∴DM＝3，CM＝3，在Rt△DME中，∵∠DEC＝45°，∴EM＝DM＝3，∴CE＝CM+EM＝3+3故答案为：3+3．（2）∵△ABC是正三角形，∴∠A＝∠B＝∠C＝60°，AB＝AC＝BC＝12，∵∠DEC＝∠AEF，∠AFE＝∠BFG∴△AFE∽△BFG，△AEF∽△CED∴△AEF∽△BFG∽△CED∴设CE＝x，F A＝y，∵BG＝9则＝∴解得x＝7，即CE＝7．在Rt△DMC中，∵∠C＝60°，DC＝6∴DM＝3，CM＝3，在Rt△DME中，tan∠DEC＝＝＝＝【点评】此题是一个综合性很强的题目，主要考查等边三角形的性质、三角形相似、解直角三角形、函数等知识．难度较大，有利于培养同学们钻研和探索问题的精神．三、解答题：本题有7小题，共66分．解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或推演步骤．17．（8分）已知二次函数y＝x2+2x+m的图象过点A（3，0）．（1）求m的值；（2）当x取何值时，函数值y随x的增大而增大．【分析】（1）把A（3，0）代入y＝x2+2x+m，根据待定系数法即可求得；（2）化成顶点式即可求得．【解答】解：（1）∵二次函数y＝x2+2x+m的图象过点A（3，0）．∴9+6+m＝0，∴m＝﹣15；（2）∵y＝x2+2x﹣15＝（x+1）2﹣16，∴二次函数的图象的对称轴为x＝﹣1，∵a＝1＞0，∴当x≥﹣1时，函数值y随x的增大而增大．【点评】本题考查了二次函数图象上的坐标特征，二次函数的性质，熟练掌握二次函数的性质是解题的关键．18．（10分）一个直四棱柱的三视图如图所示，俯视图是一个菱形，求这个直四棱柱的表面积．【分析】计算两个底面的菱形的面积加上侧面四个矩形的面积即可求得直四棱柱的表面积．【解答】解：∵俯视图是菱形，∴底面菱形边长为＝2.5cm，面积为×3×4＝6，则侧面积为2.5×4×8＝80cm2，∴直棱柱的表面积为92cm2．【点评】本题考查了由三视图判断几何体的知识，解题的关键是能够了解该几何体的形状，难度不大．19．（10分）如图，在△ABO中，OA＝OB，C是边AB的中点，以O为圆心的圆过点C．（1）求证：AB与⊙O相切；（2）若AB＝16，sin A＝，求⊙O的面积．【分析】（1）首先连接OC，然后由OA＝OB，C是边AB的中点，根据三线合一的性质，可证得AB与⊙O相切；（2）首先求得OC的长，继而可求得⊙O的面积．【解答】（1）证明：连接OC，∵在△ABO中，OA＝OB，C是边AB的中点，∴OC⊥AB，∵以O为圆心的圆过点C，∴AB与⊙O相切；（2）∵OA＝OB，AB＝16，sin A＝，设OC＝r，由sin A＝，则AC＝3r，∵AC＝，由勾股定理可得：r2+82＝（3r）2，解得：r2＝8∴⊙O的面积为：π×r2＝8π．【点评】此题考查了切线的判定、等腰三角形的性质以及三角函数的性质．此题难度不大，注意掌握辅助线的作法，注意掌握数形结合思想的应用．20．（10分）如图，已知CD为Rt△ABC斜边上的中线，过点D作AC的平行线，过点C 作CD的垂线，两线相交于点E．（1）求证：△ABC∽△DEC；（2）若CE＝3，CD＝4，求CB的长．【分析】（1）根据直角三角形斜边上的中线等于斜边的一半可得出CD＝AD，进而可得出∠A＝∠ACD，由平行线的性质可得出∠CDE＝∠ACD＝∠A，再结合∠ACB＝∠DCE ＝90°，即可证出△ABC∽△DEC；（2）在Rt△DCE中，利用勾股定理可求出DE的长度，再根据相似三角形的性质即可求出CB的长．【解答】（1）证明：∵CD为Rt△ABC斜边上的中线，∴CD＝AB＝AD，∴∠A＝∠ACD．∵DE∥AC，∴∠CDE＝∠ACD＝∠A．又∵∠ACB＝∠DCE＝90°，∴△ABC∽△DEC．（2）解：在Rt△DCE中，CE＝3，CD＝4，∴DE＝＝5．∵△ABC∽△DEC，∴＝，即＝，∴CB＝．【点评】本题考查了相似三角形的判定与性质、直角三角形斜边上的中线、等腰三角形的性质、平行线的性质以及勾股定理，解题的关键是：（1）根据等腰三角形的性质结合平行线的性质，找出∠CDE＝∠ACD＝∠A；（2）利用相似三角形的性质，求出CB的长．21．（10分）如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠ACB＝90°，E是边BC上的点，过点E作AB的垂线交AB于点F，交射线AC于点D，连结AE，（1）若S△AFD：S△EFB＝2，求sin∠BAE的值；（2）若tan∠BAE＝，AC＝2，AF＝4，求BE的值．【分析】（1）证明△AFD∽△EFB，推出＝（）2＝2，推出＝，设EF ＝a，则AF＝a，AE＝a，根据sin∠EAB＝计算机可解决问题．（2）由△EFB∽△ACB，推出＝，设EB＝x，则AB＝2x，BF＝2x﹣4，由勾股定理构建方程即可解决问题．【解答】解：（1）∵DF⊥AB，∴∠EFB＝90°，∵∠ACB＝90°，∴∠ECD＝∠EFB＝90°，∵∠CED＝∠FEB，∴∠D＝∠B，∵∠AFD＝∠EFB＝90°，∴△AFD∽△EFB，∴＝（）2＝2，∴＝，设EF＝a，则AF＝a，AE＝a，∴sin∠EAB＝＝．（2）∵tan∠BAE＝＝，AF＝4，∴EF＝1，∵△EFB∽△ACB，∴＝，设EB＝x，则AB＝2x，BF＝2x﹣4，由勾股定理：12+（2x﹣4）2＝x2，解得x＝和（舍弃），∴BE＝．【点评】本题考查相似三角形的判断关系，勾股定理等知识，解题的关键是正确寻找相似三角形解决问题，学会利用参数构建方程解决问题．22．（12分）在平面直角坐标系xOy中，抛物线y＝2x2﹣8x+6与x轴交于点A、B（点A在点B的左侧），与y轴交于点C．点D的坐标为（0，m），过D作y轴垂线与抛物线相交于点P（x1，y1），Q（x2，y2）（点P在点Q的左侧），与直线BC相交于点N（x3，y3）．（1）在同一坐标系内画出抛物线y＝2x2﹣8x+6与直线BC的草图；（2）当2＜m＜4时，比较x1，x2，x3的大小关系；（3）若x1＜x2＜x3，求x1+x2+x3的取值范围．【分析】（1）利用二次函数图象上点的坐标特征求出点A、B、C的坐标，依此画出草图；（2）观察图1，即可找出：当2＜m＜4时，x1＜x3＜x2；（3）根据抛物线的解析式可找出顶点坐标，利用待定系数法可求出直线BC的解析式，观察图2可找出，若x1＜x2＜x3，则﹣2＜m＜0，利用一次函数图象上点的坐标特征可得出3＜x3＜4，由二次函数图象的对称性结合抛物线的对称轴为直线x＝2可得出x1+x2＝4，结合3＜x3＜4即可找出x1+x2+x3的取值范围．【解答】解：（1）当y＝0时，有2x2﹣8x+6＝0，解得：x＝1或x＝3，∴点A的坐标为（1，0），点B的坐标为（3，0）；当x＝0时，y＝2x2﹣8x+6＝6，∴点C的坐标为（0，6）．画出草图如图1所示．（2）由图1可知，当2＜m＜4时，x1＜x3＜x2．（3）∵抛物线的解析式为y＝2x2﹣8x+6，∴抛物线的顶点坐标为（2，﹣2）．设直线BC的解析式为y＝kx+b（k≠0），将B（3，0）、C（0，6）代入y＝kx+b，得：，解得：，∴直线BC的解析式为y＝﹣2x+6．由图2可知，若x1＜x2＜x3，则﹣2＜m＜0，∴3＜x3＜4．∵抛物线的对称轴为直线x＝2，∴x1+x2＝2×2＝4，∴7＜x1+x2+x3＜8．【点评】本题考查了抛物线与x轴的交点、二次函数的图象、二次函数的性质、二次函数图象上点的坐标特征、待定系数法求一次函数解析式以及一次函数图象上点的坐标特征，解题的关键是：（1）利用二次函数图象上点的坐标特征求出点A、B、C的坐标，依此画出草图；（2）观察图1，利用数形结合找出结论；（3）利用一次函数图象上点的坐标特征求出x3的范围．23．（12分）如图，在边长为4的等边△ABC中，点D是射线BC上的任意一点（不含端点C），连结AD，以AD为边作等边△ADE（E与B在直线AD的两侧），连结CE．（1）当点D在线段BC上时，①求证：∠ABD＝∠ACE．②记△DCE的面积为s，问s是否有最大值？请说明理由．（2）当△ABD的面积是△DCE面积的两倍时，求线段DE的长．【分析】（1）①根据等边三角形的性质得出结论，判断出△BAD≌△CAE，即可得出结论；②先求出EH，利用三角形的面积公式即可得出结论；（2）先求出△ABD的面积，再分点D在边BC和BC延长线上，利用△ABD的面积是△DCE面积的两倍，建立方程，即可得出结论．【解答】解：（1）①在等边△ABC和△ADE中，AB＝AC，AD＝AE，∠BAC＝∠DAE，∴∠BAD＝∠CAE＝60°，在△BAD和△CAE中，，∴△BAD≌△CAE，∴∠ABD＝∠ACE＝60°'②如图1，过点E作EH⊥BC于H，设BD＝x，（0＜x＜4）∵△BAD≌△CAE，∴CE＝BD＝x，CD＝BC﹣BD＝4﹣x，∠ACE＝∠ABC＝∠ACB＝60°，∴∠ECH＝60°，在Rt△CMH中，EH＝CE•sin∠ECH＝x，∴s＝DC•EH＝（4﹣x）×x＝﹣（x﹣2）2+，∴x＝2时，即：点D是BC中点时，s最大；（2）如图2，过点A作AG⊥BC于G，在Rt△ABG中，AB＝4，∠ABC＝60°，∴AG＝AB•sin∠ABC＝2，∴S△ABD＝BD•AG＝x，①当点D在边BC上时，由（1）知，S△CDE＝s＝﹣（x﹣2）2+，∵△ABD的面积是△DCE面积的两倍，∴x＝2[﹣（x﹣2）2+]，∴x＝2或x＝0（舍），∴CE＝BD＝2，EH＝，根据勾股定理得，CH＝1，∴DH＝CD+CH＝3，在Rt△DEH中，DE＝2，②当点D在BC的延长线上时，如图3，同①的方法得，∠ECM＝60°，过点E作EH⊥BC于H，在Rt△CEM中，EH＝CE sin∠ECM＝x，∴S△DCE＝（x﹣4）×x＝（x﹣4），∵△ABD的面积是△DCE面积的两倍，∴x＝2×（x﹣4），∴x＝6或x＝0（舍），∴CE＝BD＝6，EH＝3，CH＝3，∴DH＝1，在Rt△DEH中，DE＝2．【点评】此题是三角形综合题，主要考查了等边三角形的性质，全等三角形的判定和性质，勾股定理，用方程的思想解决问题是解本题的关键．。
浙江省杭州市2018年中考英语模拟试卷及答案
2018年中考模拟试卷英语卷考生须知：1．本试卷分试题卷和答题卷两部分。
满分120 分，考试时间 100分钟。
2．答题前，必须在答题卷的密封区内填写校名、班级、学号、姓名、试场号、座位号。
3．所有答案都必须做在答题卷标定的位置上，务必注意试题序号和答题序号相对应。
4．考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。
英语试题卷第I 卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试题的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does the man mean? 【原创】A. He’s sure to pass the test.B. He also thinks the test difficult.C. He hopes the woman can pass the test.2. When will they study together for the English test? 【原创】A. On Thursday.B. On Saturday.C. On Friday.3. Why did the boy sleep late last night?【原创】A. To finish his homeworkB. To see a movieC. To watch a match4. How will Kevin go to London? 【原创】A. By car.B. By bus.C. By train.5. What’s the probable relationship between the man and woman? 【原创】A. Husband and wife.B. Friends.C. Teacher and student.【考点】考察when, how, why, what, where等疑问词在听力中的运用。
最新-2018年浙江杭州市余杭中学高三第一次校本检测数
2018年浙江杭州市余杭中学高三第一次校本检测数 学 试 卷（理）命题人：程厚军第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共50分）一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，有且只有一项是符合题目要求的，请把正确答案涂填在答案纸指定位置． 1．甲：A 1、A 2是互斥事件；乙：A 1、A 2是对立事件，那么A ．甲是乙的充分但不必要条件B ．甲是乙的必要但不充分条件C ．甲是乙的充要条件D ．甲既不是乙的充分条件，也不是乙的必要条件 2．若m 、n 表示直线，α表示平面，则下列命题中，正确的个数为 ①//m n n m αα⎫⇒⊥⎬⊥⎭②//m m n n αα⊥⎫⇒⎬⊥⎭③//m m n n αα⊥⎫⇒⊥⎬⎭④//m n m n αα⎫⇒⊥⎬⊥⎭A ．1个B ．2个C ．3个D ．4个3．从8名女生，4名男生中选出6名学生组成课外小组，如果按性别比例分层抽样，则不同的抽取方法种数为A ．612CB ．3384C C ⋅ C ．4284C C ⋅ D ．4284A A ⋅ 4．过半径为2的球O 表面上一点A 作球O 的截面，若OA 与该截面所成的角是60°则该截面的面积是A ．πB ．2πC ．3πD ．π325．为了了解某地区高三学生的身体发育情况，抽查了该地区100名年龄为17．5岁－18岁的男生体重(kg) ,得到频率分布直方图如下：根据上图可得这100名学生中体重在〔56．5,64．5〕的学生人数是A ．20B ．30C ．40D ．506．甲、乙、丙3位同学用计算机联网学习数学，每天上课后独立完成6道自我检测题，甲答及格的概率为108，乙答及格的概率为106，丙答及格的概率为107，3人各答1次，则3人中只有1人答及格的概率为A ．25047B ．12542C ．203D ．51 7．4名男生3名女生排成一排，若3名女生中有2名站在一起，但3名女生不能全排在一起，则不同的排法种数有A ．1440B ．2880C ．3180D ．36008．如图，正三棱柱111ABC A B C -的各棱长都2，E ，F 分别是11,AB AC 的中点，则EF 的长是A ．2B C ．D 9． 已知||2||0a b =≠,且关于x 的方程2||0x a x a b ++⋅=有实根,则a 与b 的夹角的取值范围是A ．[0,6π] B ．[,]3ππ C ．2[,]33ππ D ．[,]6ππ 10．对于任意的两个实数对(,)a b 和(,)c d ，规定：(,)(,)a b c d =，当且仅当,a c b d ==；运算“⊗”为：(,)(,)(,)a b c d ac bd bc ad ⊗=-+；运算“⊕”为：(,)(,)(,)a b c d a c b d ⊕=++，设,pqR ∈，若(1,2)(,)(5,0)p q ⊗=，则(1,2)(,)p q ⊕=A ．(4,0)B ． (0,2)C ． (2,0)D ． (0,4)-第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共100分）二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题4分，共16分．11．已知向量(1sin )a θ=，，(1cos )b θ=，，则a b -的最大值为 _____▲____。
2018年杭州中考科学一模试卷(含答案)
2018年中考模拟（一）科学考生须知：1．本试卷满分为160分，考试时间为120分钟。
2．答题前，在答题纸上写姓名和准考证号。
3．必须在答题纸的对应位置上答题，写在其他地方无效。
答题方式详见答题纸上的说明。
4．考试结束后，试题和答题纸一并上交。
（可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 O-16 S-32 Mg-24）试题卷一、选择题（每小题3分，共60分，每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1．下列选项是“称量一定量的粗盐并进行提纯”实验的部分操作，其中操作规范的是A B C D2．随着计算化学的发展，研究人员通过“晶体结构预测”模型进行演算发现，一定条件下可实现如下反应：2Na+He Na 2He 。
下列说法正确的是A ．反应物Na 和He 均为金属单质B ．Na 2He 中Na 为+1价，He 为-1价C ．Na 2He 由2个钠元素和1个氦元素组成D ．氦元素既可以组成单质也可以组成化合物3．同一台显微镜，采用不同的物镜和目镜组合观察同一血涂片，出现图甲和图乙两个视野，下列说法正确的是A ．如果目镜一样，图甲的物镜比图乙的物镜长B ．如果物镜一样，图乙的目镜比图甲的目镜短C ．若使用相同的光照、反光镜和通光孔，则乙视野亮度大D ．要使视野中左下方的像移到视野中央，应将玻片往右上方移动 4．如图为某树林中部分生物成分之间的关系，下列说法正确的是A ．图中最长的一条食物链是：植物→虫→鸟→细菌B ．若图中加入阳光、空气等非生物部分，就构成了一个群落C ．虫的体色与栖息环境相近，这体现出生物对环境的适应D ．图中的细菌、真菌能把无机物分解为有机物5．下列相关的量之间的关系，符合如图所示图线的是 A ．物体的重力与质量之间的关系B ．定值电阻电功率与电流之间的关系C ．物质比热与温度变化量之间的关系D ．大气温度与高度之间的关系6．我国自主研发的手足口病EV71疫苗获新药证书，该疫苗对EV71肠道病毒引起的重症手足口病的保护率达到100%，下列说法正确的是A ．EV71肠道病毒引起的“手足口病”属于易传播的遗传病一定条件 粗盐粗盐 x y 0 甲 乙虫 植物鸟 细菌真菌B ．EV71肠道病毒是引起“手足口病”的病原体，从免疫的角度相当于抗体C ．手足口病病人属于传染源，接种手足口病EV71疫苗的目的是为了控制传染源D ．手足口病EV71疫苗接种到人体后，会刺激人体内的淋巴细胞产生抗体7．据图分析，下列说法错误．．的是 A ．甲图表示在玻璃温室内进行植物栽培，一天中室内空气中氧气的浓度随时间的变化曲线B ．乙图是人一次平静呼吸中肺部内外气压差的变化曲线，AB 段表示肺完成一次呼气过程C ．丙图表示人体血液流经肺部时，血液中氧含量的变化D ．丁图表示在不同的pH 下，唾液淀粉酶催化活性的强弱8．如图是7种生物或结构分类的示意图，下列说法错误．．的是 A ．将除流感病毒以外的六种生物或结构归为A 类的依据是细胞结构中都有成形的细胞核 B ．将大肠杆菌、酵母菌、衣藻、草履虫归为B 类的依 据是它们都是单细胞生物 C ．将衣藻和叶肉细胞归为C 类的依据是细胞结构中都 有叶绿体 D ．叶肉细胞和人体口腔上皮细胞的细胞结构中都有流感 病毒 大肠 杆菌 酵母菌 草履虫 衣藻 叶肉细胞 人体口腔 上皮细胞 A B C 铁矿石 生铁 铁制品 废旧金属铁 冶炼 制造 废弃 循环利用 氧气浓度0 6 12 18 24 时间肺内外气压差 A C B 0 血液中的含氧量 血流方向 酶活性 7 pH 甲 乙 丙 丁B AF C ．铁制品废弃后易与周围环境中的水、空气等物质作用而锈蚀D ．废旧金属铁循环利用可节约资源、减少对环境的污染11．探究影响电磁铁磁性强弱的因素时，按图示电路进行实验。
2018年4月浙江省杭州市余杭区中考数学模拟试卷(含答案)
2018年浙江省杭州市余杭区中考数学模拟试卷（4月份）一．选择题（共10小题，满分27分）1．已知某种型号的纸100张厚度约为1cm，那么这种型号的纸13亿张厚度约为（）A．1.3×107km B．1.3×103km C．1.3×102km D．1.3×10km2．（3分）如图是由若干个大小相同的小正方体堆砌而成的几何体，那么其三种视图中面积最小的是（）A．主视图B．俯视图C．左视图D．一样大3．（3分）下面是小林做的4道作业题：（1）2ab+3ab=5ab；（2）（﹣2a）2=﹣2a2；（3）（a+b）2=a2+b2；（4）﹣2（a﹣1）=﹣2a﹣1．做对一题得2分，则他共得到（）A．2分B．4分 C．6分 D．8分4．（3分）下列说法不正确的是（）A．选举中，人们通常最关心的数据是众数B．从1，2，3，4，5中随机抽取一个数，取得奇数的可能性比较大C．甲、乙两人在相同条件下各射击10次，他们的平均成绩相同，方差分别为S甲2=0.4，S乙2=0.6，则甲的射击成绩较稳定D．数据3，5，4，1，﹣2的中位数是45．（3分）某班同学毕业时都将自己的照片向全班其他同学各送一张表示留念，全班共送1035张照片，如果全班有x名同学，根据题意，列出方程为（）A．x（x+1）=1035 B．x（x﹣1）=1035×2 C．x（x﹣1）=1035 D．2x（x+1）=10356．（3分）在平面直角坐标系中，经过点（4sin45°，2cos30°）的直线，与以原点为圆心，2为半径的圆的位置关系是（）A．相交B．相切C．相离D．以上三者都有可能7．（3分）如图，在由边长为1的小正方形组成的网格中，点A，B，C都在小正方形的顶点上，则cos∠A的值为（）A．B．2 C．D．8．（3分）下列说法：①平方等于其本身的数有0，±1；②32xy3是4次单项式；③将方程=1.2中的分母化为整数，得=12；④平面内有4个点，过每两点画直线，可画6条．其中正确的有（）A．1个 B．2个 C．3个 D．4个9．（3分）已知：矩形ABCD中，AB=5，BC=12，点E在对角线AC上，且CE=6，动点P在矩形ABCD的四边上运动一周，则以P、E、C为顶点的等腰三角形有（）个．A．5 B．6 C．7 D．810．（3分）如图，点M是双曲线y1=﹣（x＜0）上一点，直线y2=2x+2分别与x轴、y轴交于点A，B，MC∥x轴交直线y2于点C，MD∥y轴交直线y2于点D，则AC•BD的值为（）A．2B．5 C．D．不能确定二．填空题（共6小题，满分24分，每小题4分）11．（4分）分解因式（xy﹣1）2﹣（x+y﹣2xy）（2﹣x﹣y）=．12．（4分）函数y=的自变量x的取值范围是．13．（4分）若a2+b2﹣2a+6b+10=0，则a+b=．14．（4分）如图，我们把一个半圆与抛物线的一部分围成的封闭图形称为“果圆”．已知点A、B、C、D分别是“果圆”与坐标轴的交点，抛物线的解析式为y=（x﹣1）2﹣4，AB为半圆的直径，则这个“果圆”被y轴截得的弦CD的长为．15．（4分）如图，在△ABC中，∠BAC=90°，AB=4，AC=6，点D、E分别是BC、AD的中点，AF∥BC交CE的延长线于F，则△AFC的面积为．16．（4分）如图，顺次连接圆内接矩形各边的中点，得到菱形ABCD，若BD=10，DF=4，则菱形ABCD的边长为．三．解答题（共7小题，满分54分）17．（6分）先化简，再求值：（+）•，其中x=﹣3．18．（8分）某校九年级开展征文活动，征文主题只能从“爱国”“敬业”“诚信”“友善”四个主题选择一个，九年级每名学生按要求都上交了一份征文，学校为了解选择各种征文主题的学生人数，随机抽取了部分征文进行了调查，根据调查结果绘制成如下两幅不完整的统计图．（1）求共抽取了多少名学生的征文；（2）将上面的条形统计图补充完整；（3）在扇形统计图中，选择“爱国”主题所对应的圆心角是多少；（4）如果该校九年级共有1200名学生，请估计选择以“友善”为主题的九年级学生有多少名．19．（8分）在某市实施城中村改造的过程中，“旺鑫”拆迁工程队承包了一项10000m2的拆迁工程．由于准备工作充分，实际拆迁效率比原计划提高了25%，提前2天完成了任务，请解答下列问题：（1）求“旺鑫”拆迁工程队现在平均每天拆迁多少m2；（2）为了尽量减少拆迁给市民带来的不便，在拆迁工作进行了2天后，“旺鑫”拆迁工程队的领导决定加快拆迁工作，将余下的拆迁任务在5天内完成，那么“旺鑫”拆迁工程队平均每天至少再多拆迁多少m2？20．（10分）对于一个各个数位上的数字均不为零的三位正整数n，如果它的百位数字、十位数字、个位数字是由依次增加相同的非零数字组成，则称这个三位数为“递增数”，记为D（n），把这个“递增数”的百位数字与个位数字交换位置后，得到321，即E（123）=321，规定F（n）=，如F（123）==1．（1）计算：F（159），F（246）；（2）若D（s）是百位数字为1的数，D（t）是个位数字为9的数，且满足F （s）+F（t）=5，记k=，求k的最大值．21．（10分）如图，△ABC内接于⊙O，直径DE⊥AB于点F，交BC于点M，DE的延长线与AC的延长线交于点N，连接AM．（1）求证：AM=BM；（2）若AM⊥BM，DE=8，∠N=15°，求BC的长．22．（12分）在平面直角坐标系xOy中，抛物线y=﹣x2+2mx﹣3+4m﹣m2的对称轴是直线x=1（1）求抛物线的表达式；（2）点D（n，y1），E（3，y2）在抛物线上，若y1＞y2，请直接写出n的取值范围；（3）设点M（p，q）为抛物线上的一个动点，当﹣1＜p＜2时，点M关于y轴的对称点形成的图象与直线y=kx﹣4（k≠0）有交点，求k的取值范围．23．如图，在△ABC中，∠ACB=90°，∠ABC=30°，△CDE是等边三角形，点D在边AB上．（1）如图1，当点E在边BC上时，求证DE=EB；（2）如图2，当点E在△ABC内部时，猜想ED和EB数量关系，并加以证明；（3）如图3，当点E在△ABC外部时，EH⊥AB于点H，过点E作GE∥AB，交线段AC的延长线于点G，AG=5CG，BH=3．求CG的长．2018年浙江省杭州市余杭区中考数学模拟试卷（4月份）参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共10小题，满分27分）1．【解答】解：13亿=13×108，13×108÷100×1=1.3×107cm=1.3×102km．故选：C．2．【解答】解：如图，该几何体正视图是由5个小正方形组成，左视图是由3个小正方形组成，俯视图是由5个小正方形组成，故三种视图面积最小的是左视图．故选：C．3．【解答】解：（1）2ab+3ab=5ab，此题计算正确；（2）（﹣2a）2=4a2，此题计算错误；（3）（a+b）2=a2+2ab+b2，此题计算错误；（4）﹣2（a﹣1）=﹣2a+2，此题计算错误；所以他共得2分，故选：A．4．【解答】解：A、选举中，人们通常最关心的数据为出现次数最多的数，所以A 选项的说法正确；B、从1，2，3，4，5中随机抽取一个数，由于奇数由3个，而偶数有2个，则取得奇数的可能性比较大，所以B选项的说法正确；C、甲、乙两人在相同条件下各射击10次，他们的平均成绩相同，方差分别为S甲2=0.4，S乙2=0.6，则甲的射击成绩较稳定，所以C选项的说法正确；D、数据3，5，4，1，﹣2由小到大排列为﹣2，1，3，4，5，所以中位数是3，所以D选项的说法错误．故选：D．5．【解答】解：∵全班有x名同学，∴每名同学要送出（x﹣1）张；又∵是互送照片，∴总共送的张数应该是x（x﹣1）=1035．故选：C．6．【解答】解：设直线经过的点为A，∵点A的坐标为（4sin45°，2cos30°），∴OA=，∵圆的半径为2，∴OA＞2，∴点A在圆外，∴直线和圆相交，相切、相离都有可能，故选：D．7．【解答】解：如图，过B作BD⊥AC于D，则点D为格点，AD=，由勾股定理知：AB2=32+12=10，∴AB=，∴Rt△ADB中，cos∠A===，故选：C．8．【解答】解：①错误，﹣1的平方是1；②正确；③错误，方程右应还为1.2；④错误，只有每任意三点不在同一直线上的四个点才能画6条直线，若四点在同一直线上，则只有画一条直线了．故选：A．9．【解答】解：（1）P在BC上：①CP=CE=6＜12，此时有一点P；②CE=PE=6时，过E作EN⊥BC于N，cos∠ACB==，CN=，CP=2CN=＜12，此时有1点P；③CP=EP时，P在CE的垂直平分线MN（M为垂足）上，CM=EM=3，cos∠ACB==，CP=＜12，存在一点P；（2）P在CD上：①PE=PC，此时P在CE的垂直平分线MN（M为垂足）上，CM=EM=3，cos∠ACD==，CP=＞5，即P在CD的延长线上，此时不存在P点；②CE=CP=6＞CD，此时不存在P点；③EP=CE=6，过E作EN⊥CD于N，cos∠ACD==，CN=，CP=2CN=＜CD，即此时存在一点P；（3）P在AD上：①PE=CP，过P作PM⊥AC于M，CM=EM=3，AM=13﹣3=10，cos∠DAC==，AP=＜12，即此时存在一点P；②CE=PC，PD==＜12，此时存在一点P；③PE=CE=6，sin∠DAC==，EM=，AM==，PM==，AP=﹣，AP′=+，即存在2点P；（4）P在AB上：①CP=PE，即P在CE的垂直平分线MN（M为垂足）上，cos∠ACB==，CP=＜12，即CP小于C到AB的最短距离，即此时不存在P点；②CE=CP=6＜12，∵C到AB的最短距离是12，∴此时不存在P点；③CE=PE=6，AE=13﹣6=7，过E作EM⊥AB于M，sin∠BAC==，EM=＞PE，即E到AB的最短距离大于PE，即此时不存在P点；综合上述：共有（1+1+1）+1+（1+1+2）+0=8．故选：D．10．【解答】解：设M（m，n），则D（m，2m+2），C（，n），mn=﹣2，∵直线y2=2x+2分别与x轴、y轴交于点A，B，∴A（﹣1，0），B（0，2），∵AC=，=|n|，BD==|m|，∴AC•BD=×|mn|=5，故选：B．二．填空题（共6小题，满分24分，每小题4分）11．【解答】解：令x+y=a，xy=b，则（xy﹣1）2﹣（x+y﹣2xy）（2﹣x﹣y）=（b﹣1）2﹣（a﹣2b）（2﹣a）=b2﹣2b+1+a2﹣2a﹣2ab+4b=（a2﹣2ab+b2）+2b﹣2a+1=（b﹣a）2+2（b﹣a）+1=（b﹣a+1）2；即原式=（xy﹣x﹣y+1）2=[x（y﹣1）﹣（y﹣1）]2=[（y﹣1）（x﹣1）]2=（y﹣1）2（x﹣1）2．故答案为：（y﹣1）2（x﹣1）2．12．【解答】解：根据题意得2x+1≥0，x﹣3≠0，解得x≥﹣且x≠3．故答案为：x≥﹣且x≠3．13．【解答】解：由a2+b2﹣2a+6b+10=0，得a2﹣2a+1+b2+6b+9=0，即（a﹣1）2+（b+3）2=0∵（a﹣1）2≥0，（b+3）2≥0∴a﹣1=0，b+3=0即a=1，b=﹣3∴a+b=1﹣3=﹣2．故答案为：﹣2．14．【解答】解：当x=0时，y=（x﹣1）2﹣4=﹣3，∴点D的坐标为（0，﹣3），∴OD=3；当y=0时，有（x﹣1）2﹣4=0，解得：x1=﹣1，x2=3，∴点A的坐标为（﹣1，0），点B的坐标为（0，3），∴AB=4，OA=1，OB=3．连接CM，则CM=AB=2，OM=1，如图所示．在Rt△COM中，CO==，∴CD=CO+OD=3+．故答案为：3+．15．【解答】解：∵AF∥BC，∴∠AFC=∠FCD，在△AEF与△DEC中，，∴△AEF≌△DEC（AAS）．∴AF=DC，∵BD=DC，∴AF=BD，∴四边形AFBD是平行四边形，=2S△ABD，∴S四边形AFBD又∵BD=DC，=2S△ABD，∴S△ABC=S△ABC，∴S四边形AFBD∵∠BAC=90°，AB=4，AC=6，=AB•AC=×4×6=12，∴S△ABC=12，∴S四边形AFBD∴△AFC的面积为12÷2=6．故答案为：6．16．【解答】解：连接HG，∵四边形MHNG是矩形，∴∠M=90°，∴HG为圆的直径，∵A、B分别是矩形两边的中点，∴AB=HG，∵BD=10，∴OD=5，又DF=4，∴OF=9，∴HG=18，∴AB=9．故答案为：9．三．解答题（共7小题，满分54分）17．【解答】解：原式=•=﹣，当x=﹣3时，原式=﹣．18．【解答】解：（1）本次调查共抽取的学生有3÷6%=50（名）．（2）选择“友善”的人数有50﹣20﹣12﹣3=15（名），条形统计图如图所示：（3）∵选择“爱国”主题所对应的百分比为20÷50=40%，∴选择“爱国”主题所对应的圆心角是40%×360°=144°；（4）该校九年级共有1200名学生，估计选择以“友善”为主题的九年级学生有1200×30%=360名．19．【解答】解：（1）设“旺鑫”拆迁工程队现在平均每天拆迁x m2．由题意，得﹣=2，解得x=1000，经检验，x=1000是原方程的解并符合题意．（1+25%）×1000=1250（m2）．答：设“旺鑫”拆迁工程队现在平均每天拆迁1250 m2．（2）设“旺鑫”拆迁工程队现在平均每天拆迁y m2．由题意，得5（1250+y）≥10000﹣2×1250解得y≥250．答：“旺鑫”拆迁工程队平均每天至少再多拆迁250m2．20．【解答】解：（1）∵D（159）=159∴E（159）=951∴F（159）=∵D（246）=246∴E（246）=642∴F（246）=（2）设s、t的每个数位上的数字递增数值分别为x、y∵x、y为各个数位上的递增数值，递增后的数值不能使各数位上的数字超过9∴x、y分别取1﹣4的整数∴D（s）=100+10（1+x）+（1+2x）=12x+111D（t）=100（9﹣2y）+10（9﹣y）+9=999﹣210y∴E（s）=100（1+2x）+10（1+x）+1=210x+111E（t）=900+10（9﹣y）+（9﹣2y）=999﹣12y∴F（s）===x同理F（t）=y∵F（s）+F（t）=5∴x+y=5∴y=5﹣x∵k=∴k===26x+19∵1≤x≤4，且x为整数∴当x=4时，k最大值为123．21．【解答】（1）证明：∵直径DE⊥AB于点F，∴AF=BF，∴AM=BM；（2）连接AO，BO，如图，由（1）可得AM=BM，∵AM⊥BM，∴∠MAF=∠MBF=45°，∴∠CMN=∠BMF=45°，∵AO=BO，DE⊥AB，∴∠AOF=∠BOF=，∵∠N=15°，∴∠ACM=∠CMN+∠N=60°，即∠ACB=60°，∵∠ACB=．∴∠AOF=∠ACB=60°．∵DE=8，∴AO=4．在Rt△AOF中，由，得AF=，在Rt△AMF中，AM=BM==．在Rt△ACM中，由，得CM=，∴BC=CM+BM=+．22．【解答】解：（1）∵y=﹣x2+2mx﹣m2﹣3+4m=﹣（x﹣m）2+4m﹣3，对称轴是对称轴是直线x=1，∴m=1，∴抛物线的表达式为：y=﹣x2+2x；（2）如图1：当x=3时，y=﹣x2+2x=﹣9+6=﹣3，∵抛物线的对称轴为x=1，则E（3，y2）关于x=1对称点的坐标为（﹣1，﹣3），由图象可知，﹣1＜n＜3时，y1＞y2；（3）由题意可得M′（﹣p，q），翻折后的函数表达式为y=﹣x2﹣2x，∴结合﹣1＜p＜2，确定动点M及M′，当x=﹣1时，y=﹣3；当x=2时，y=0，因为动点M与M’关于y轴对称，所以图象确定如下，如图2，当过（1，﹣3）时，代入y=kx﹣4，k=1，当过（﹣2，0）时，代入y=kx﹣4，k=﹣2，综上所述：k＞1或k＜﹣2．23．【解答】（1）证明：∵△CDE是等边三角形，∴∠CED=60°，∴∠EDB=60°﹣∠B=30°，∴∠EDB=∠B，∴DE=EB；（2）解：ED=EB，理由如下：取AB的中点O，连接CO、EO，∵∠ACB=90°，∠ABC=30°，∴∠A=60°，OC=OA，∴△ACO为等边三角形，∴CA=CO，∵△CDE是等边三角形，∴∠ACD=∠OCE，在△ACD和△OCE中，，∴△ACD≌△OCE，∴∠COE=∠A=60°，∴∠BOE=60°，在△COE和△BOE中，，∴△COE≌△BOE，∴EC=EB，∴ED=EB；（3）取AB的中点O，连接CO、EO、EB，由（2）得△ACD≌△OCE，∴∠COE=∠A=60°，∴∠BOE=60°，△COE≌△BOE，∴EC=EB，∴ED=EB，∵EH⊥AB，∴DH=BH=3，∵GE∥AB，∴∠G=180°﹣∠A=120°，在△CEG和△DCO中，，∴△CEG≌△DCO，∴CG=OD，设CG=a，则AG=5a，OD=a，∴AC=OC=4a，∵OC=OB，∴4a=a+3+3，解得，a=2，即CG=2．。
2018杭州一模语文试卷及答案
2018杭州⼀模语⽂试卷及答案 语⽂是⼀模第⼀场考试，⼀模是⾼考前对考⽣和家长来说都⾮常重要的⼀次考试。
下⾯由店铺为⼤家提供关于2018杭州⼀模语⽂试卷及答案，希望对⼤家有帮助! 杭州⼀模语⽂试卷⼀、语⾔⽂字 1.下列词语中加点的字，注⾳没有错误的⼀组是 a.憎恨(zēng) 卡壳(qiǎ) 摭拾(zhé) 威风凛凛(lǐn) b.桔梗(jié) 溃脓(kuì) 皴裂(jūn) 博闻强识(qiáng) c.⽑坯(pī) 恫吓(dòng) 旮旯(gā) 如鲠在喉(gěng) d.悭吝(qiān) ⼲瘪(biě) 岿然(kuī) 切肤之痛(qiē) 2.下列各句中，没有错别字的⼀项是 a.他没有避讳“北漂”的经历，那时每天四处奔波，备尝艰⾟，常常遭遇挫折，但他从不⽓馁，坚持追求梦想，终于迎来了展露头⾓的机会。
b.与⼈交往时要⼼胸宽⼴，对与⾃⼰性格不合的⼈要多包容，这样才能消除歧见与隔阂，增进了解，彼此融恰相处。
c.在古典诗词中，我们可以品味“⽆可奈何花落去”的落寞惆怅，感受“蓦然回⾸”的怦然⼼动，体悟“执⼿相看泪眼”的缠绵绯恻。
2016年杭州市⾼三第⼀次⾼考科⽬教学质量检测语⽂试题及参考答案 d.这部经济学家的皇皇巨著结构严谨，前后贯串，推理严密，数据翔实，提⽰了在纷繁芜杂的社会现象背后隐藏着的经济规律和⽣活法则。
3.下列各句中，加点的词语运⽤正确的⼀项是 a.“天下本⽆事，庸⼈⾃扰之”，仔细想⼀想，这究竟真的是过去⼈类历史所留下的阴影，还是⼈们杯⼸蛇影的⼼理在作祟呢? b.在⼊学考试中，我反复捉摸最后⼀道题的解法，但始终没有头绪，不由得有些紧张，额上沁出汗珠，握笔的⼿微微颤抖。
c.南京市出台相关规定，今后有关南京发展的重⼤决策，不能靠“拍脑袋”，要做到“⼀⾔堂”，以此强化集体审议制度。
d.想拿⾼薪就去企业当⾼管，不差钱了就去当官：这种让国企⼲部进退维⾕，毫⽆后顾之忧的机制将随着改⾰的深⼊⽽彻底改观。
浙江省杭州市2018学年高三上学期教学质量检测(一模)语文试题 含答案
2018 学年第一学期杭州市高三年级教学质量检测语文试题参考答案及评分标准一、语言文字运用（共 20 分）1. D2. C3. C4.B5.①注重写实②作画最重要的是形与心要结合③中外艺术传统都注重形神兼备（3 分。
每处 1 分，意思基本符合即可）6.（1）“蹭名牌”是指以不正当手段抢注或者模仿注册名牌商标的行为。
（2 分）（2）示例：我觉得蹭名牌现象是一种恶劣的市场行为。
它反映了部分企业对于产权的不尊重。
长此以往，会阻碍企业的创新。
企业应该独立自主，致力于创造自己的品牌。
（4 分。
观点明确 1 分，阐述分析合理 2 分，表达简洁通畅 1 分）二、现代文阅读（共 30 分，其中选择题每小题 3 分）（一）（10 分）7．C 8．D9．（1）培养优秀的 STEM 教学教师。
（2）设计符合STEM 教学要求的课程。
（3）加强升学录取对STEM 教育的支持。
（4）加强 STEM 教育的硬件保障。
（5）构建 STEM 学习生态系统。
（4 分。
答出 4 点即可，若不是从材料中提炼，则不给分）（二）（20 分）10.从驾驭与反驾驭、征服与反征服的对手关系，转变为合作互助的关系，最后成为了生命的私人密友。
（2 分。
意思基本符合即可）11.（1）画横线部分运用了比喻，把“恐怖”比作“魔鬼”，突出了作者内心的恐惧。
（2）连用三组转折：想叫喊，但是知道没人听；想下马，但下面是泥潭；哭了一声，但又止住了，表达了作者渴望求助但又找不到出路的恐惧。
（3）连用“喘、挣、拔、停、陷”等动词，写出了陷入沼泽后马的挣扎，侧面反映出作者内心的无力与恐惧。
（4）多用短句，节奏快，表现状况变化快，有利于表达紧张和恐惧的心理。
（6 分。
写出一点得 2 分，意思基本符合即可，有欠缺酌扣）12.（1）第一处画波浪线的句子写天色变暗，渲染了人马角力时的紧张气氛，为下文人马迷路做了铺垫。
（2）第二处写山中开始下雨，天气环境愈加恶劣，衬托出了人物的心理：“我”的内心愈加慌乱，马也愈加急躁。
最新-2018学年杭州市余杭中学高三年级第一次模拟考(生
2018学年杭州市余杭中学高三年级第一次模拟考（生物试题卷）考生须知：1．本试卷分试题卷和答题卷，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。
2．答题前，在答题卷密封区内填写班级、姓名和学号。
3．所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试题卷上无效。
4．考试结束，只需上交答题卷。
（2018-8-31）一．选择题I（本题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分。
每小题给出四个选项中，仅一个选项是符合题目要求的）1．如果把细胞搅碎，细胞将死亡；病毒不具有细胞结构，如果把病毒搅碎，病毒也将失去活性；这说明：A. 细胞和病毒失活是因为破坏了它们的化学成分B. 单细胞生物和病毒对环境的适应性很差C. 细胞和病毒被搅碎后都失活，可见两者的特点是一致的D.细胞和病毒都有严整的结构2．将蛋白质分子完全水解，检测所有氨基酸分子中的氨基和羧基，两者的数量关系可能是A. 相等B. 氨基多于羧基C. 氨基少于羧基D.很难预测3. 关于葡萄糖在细胞质内分解成丙酮酸过程的正确叙述是A. 必定在有氧条件下进行B. 反应速度不受温度的影响C.该过程不产生CO2D. 在细胞质的线粒体内进行4. 甘薯种植多年后易积累病毒而导致品种退化。
目前生产上采用茎尖分生组织离体培养的方法快速繁殖脱毒的种苗，以保证该产品的品质和产量水平。
这种通过分生组织离体培养获得种苗的过程不涉及细胞的A. 有丝分裂B. 分化C.减数分裂D. 全能性5. 右图表示某植物正常体细胞的染色体组成，下列可能是该植物基因型的是A.ABCdB.AaaaC.AaBbCcDdD.AaaBbb6．把胰腺细胞培养在含某种氨基酸（用放射性同位素标记）的培养基．．．中，最后测得细胞分泌带有放射性的胰岛素。
如果用仪器追踪上述过程中放射性同位素在细胞内出现的先后顺序，最可能是①线粒体②核糖体③中心体④染色体⑤高尔基体⑥细胞膜⑦细胞核A. ①③④⑦⑥B.⑥②⑤⑥C. ②③⑦④⑤D.⑥②⑦④⑤7. 下列物质变化过程不在动物细胞内进行的是①转氨基作用②脱氨基作用③胰液、肠液分解各种有机物④淀粉转变为麦芽糖⑤血液中尿素的排出⑥葡萄糖转变为脂肪A. ①②③B. ②③④C. ③④⑤D. ④⑤⑥8. 孟德尔的遗传规律不适用于细菌等单细胞生物，其主要原因是A. 细菌等单细胞生物的遗传物质不是DNAB. 细菌等单细胞生物的遗传物质不在染色体上C. 细菌等单细胞生物通常进行无性生殖D. 细菌等单细胞生物无细胞核9. 有关物种的叙述正确的是①不同种群的生物肯定不属于同一个物种②具有一定形态结构和生理功能，能相互交配且产生可育后代的一群生物个体③隔离是形成新物种的必要条件④在物种形成过程中必须有地理隔离和生殖隔离A. ①②④B. ②③④C. ②③D. ①②③④10. 欲得到番茄的无籽果实，需将适宜浓度的生长素溶液滴在番茄花的子房上，处理该花的时期和条件是A.花蕾期，不去雄蕊B.花蕾期，去掉雄蕊C.开花后，不去雄蕊D.开花后，去掉雄蕊11.某食物链a→b→c中，a肯定比b具有A. 更大的个体体积B. 更多的能量C. 更广阔的生存区域D. 更多的个体数12. 有关下列微生物的正确叙述是①酵母菌②乳酸菌③硝化细菌④蓝藻⑤烟草花叶病毒A. 从结构和成分看，①具有成形的细胞核，⑤的遗传物质中不含胸腺嘧啶B. 从同化作用类型看，②是厌氧型，③④是需氧型C. 从生殖方式看，①能出芽生殖，⑤能有性生殖D. 从生态系统中的成分看，①②③是分解者，④是生产者13.下图表示某高等动物个体的四个细胞，下列叙述中不正确．．．的是A. 同时存在四种细胞的器官是卵巢B. 甲和乙图所示的细胞中DNA含量相同C. 正常情况下丙细胞中没有等位基因D. 具有四个染色体组的是图乙14. 正常情况下，某色盲男性的一个次级精母细胞处于分裂后期时，细胞中可能含有A 两个Y染色体，两个色盲基因B 一个X染色体，一个Y染色体，一个色盲基因C两个X染色体，两个色盲基因 D 一个Y染色体，没有色盲基因15. 下列生物技术（方法）使用不．恰当的是A.利用纸层析法分离叶绿体中的色素B.利用光学显微镜观察细胞膜磷脂双分子层C.利用同位素示踪法研究蛙胚层分化D.利用γ射线诱变育种 16. 下列关于神经调节的错误．．叙述是 A ．在刺激丰富的环境中生长的正常孩子神经突起及突触数量将会增多B ．当神经纤维的某一部位受到刺激产生兴奋时，膜内为正电位，膜外为负电位，电流在膜内由兴奋部位流向未兴奋部位，在膜外由未兴奋部位流向兴奋部位C ．在传入神经纤维中兴奋只能由轴突→突触→树突方向传导D ．传出神经元的轴突上某一点受到刺激，兴奋会向轴突两端进行传导 17. 科学研究表明，对幼鼠注射或口服睾丸酮后，出生仅14天的雄鼠就表现出交配行为。
2018年杭州市余杭区中考模拟英语卷(1)
2018 年杭州市余杭区中考模拟英语卷(1>考生须知：1、本试卷分试题卷和答题卷两部分。
满分120 分，考试时间100 分钟。
2、答题前，必须在答题卷的密封区内填写学校、姓名、考生编号。
3、所有答案必须做在答题卷标定的位置上，务必注意试题序号和答题序号相对应。
4、考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。
试题卷一．听力部分(25 分 >Ⅰ .听对话回答问题<共 5 小题，计 5 分）听下面 5 段对话。
每段对话后面有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、 B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
shYsXonlBP1. What ’ s the girl ’ s hobby?A. Playing footballB. Playing the pianoC. Playing cards shYsXonlBP2.What can we know about the woman?A.She lost her dictionary last SundayB.She failed to buy a dictionary.C.She couldn ’ t afford the dictionary.3.Why does the man say sorry to the woman?A.He is keeping her awake.B.He broke down her watch.C.He lost her letter.4.How does the woman feel?A. A littlecold B. A little better C. Very tired shYsXonlBP5. What ’ s the weather like this weekend?A. SunnyB. RainyC. WindyⅡ .听长对话回答问题<共 5 小题，计10 分）听下面一段对话，回答第6 和第 7 两个小题。
杭州市中考数学模拟试题一含答案
适用精选文件资料分享2018 年杭州市中考数学模拟试题一( 含答案 )2018 年杭州市初中毕业升学文化考试数学试题一考生须知： 1. 本试卷满分 120 分，考试时间 100 分钟． 2. 答题前，在答题纸上写姓名和准考证号，并在试卷首页的指定地点写上姓名和座位号． 3. 必然在答题纸的对应答题地点上答题，写在其余地方无效，答题方式详见答题纸上的说明． 4. 如需画图作答，必然用黑色笔迹的钢笔或署名笔将图形线条描黑． 5. 考试结束后，试题卷和答题纸一并上交．参照公式：二次函数： y＝ax2＋bx＋c(a ≠0) 图象的极点坐标公式： ( －b2a，4ac－b24a) ．试题卷一、选择题：本大题有 10 个小题，每题 3 分，共 30 分．在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项为哪一项切合题目要求的． 1.以下实数中，结果最大的是(A. | －3|B. －( －π)C. 7)D. 3 2.以下运算正确的选项是() A.a8÷a2＝ a4 B. b3 ＋b3＝b6 C. a2＋ab＋b2＝(a ＋b)2 D. (a ＋b)(4a －b) ＝4a2＋3ab－b2 3.某学习报经理经过对几种学习报订阅量的统计( 以下表 ) ，得出应该多印刷《数学天地》报，他是应用了统计学中的()学习报《语文期刊》《数学天地》《英语周报》《中学生数理化》订阅数 3000 8000 4000 3000 A. 均匀数 B. 众数 C. 中位数 D. 方差 4.以下几何体中，三视图有两个同样而另一个不同样的是()第4题图A. (1)(2)B. (2)(3)C. (2)(4)D. (3)(4) 5.个格点构成菱形ABCD，则 tan ∠DBC的值为 (如图，网格中的四) 第5题图A. 13B. 22C. 3D. 2 6.现给出四个命题：①等边三角形既是轴对称图形，又是中心对称图形；②相似三角形的面积比等于它们的相似比；③正八边形的每个内角度数为 45°；④一组数据 2，5，4，3，3 的中位数是 4，众数是 3，此中假命题的个数是 () A. 1 个 B. 2个 C. 3 个 D.4 个 7. 如图，在平面直角坐标系中，正方形的中心在原点 O处，且正方形的一组对边与 x 轴平行，点 P(2a，a) 是反比率函数y＝2x 的图象与正方形的一个交点，则图中暗影部分的面积是(适用精选文件资料分享。
2018年杭州市余杭区中考模拟英语卷 (1)
2018年杭州市余杭区中考模拟英语卷 (1>考生须知：1、本试卷分试题卷和答题卷两部分.满分120分，考试时间100分钟.2、答题前，必须在答题卷地密封区内填写学校、姓名、考生编号.3、所有答案必须做在答题卷标定地位置上，务必注意试题序号和答题序号相对应.4、考试结束后，只需上交答题卷.试题卷一．听力部分(25分>Ⅰ.听对话回答问题<共5小题，计5分）听下面5段对话.每段对话后面有一个小题，从题中所给地A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷地相应位置.听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟地时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.1. What’s the girl’s hobby?A. Playing footballB. Playing the pianoC. Playing cards2. What can we know about the woman?A. She lost her dictionary last SundayB. She failed to buy a dictionary.C. She couldn’t afford the dictionary.3. Why does the man say sorry to the woman?A. He is keeping her awake.B. He broke down her watch.C. He lost her letter.4. How does the woman feel?A. A little coldB. A little betterC. Very tired5. What’s the weather like this weekend?A. SunnyB. RainyC. WindyⅡ.听长对话回答问题<共5小题，计10分）听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题.现在，你有10秒钟地时间阅读这两个小题.6. What is the yellow hat made of?A. WoolB. SilkC. Cotton7. Which hat does the man take at last?A. The yellow oneB. The black oneC. The pink one听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题.现在，你有15秒钟地时间阅读这两个小题.8. Who called Laura?A. BrainB. PaulC. Peter9. Which did the man ask Laura to do with hin?A. Do some sports on Sunday.B. Go to a friend’s party.C. See a classmate in the hospital10. When and where are they going to meet?A. At 2:00pm at the gate of Laura’s houseB. At 3:00pm at the gate of Brain’s houseC. At 3:00pm at the gate of the hospitalⅢ. 听独白回答问题<共5小题，计10分）听下面一段独白，并要求在试卷上完成任务，你可以边听边完成任务.然后你会看到5个问题和相关地选项.请从每个问题A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项.听独白前，你有25秒钟地时间阅读有关材料和5小题.听完独白后，你有25秒钟地时间来选择有关选项.独白连读两遍.<生词：rate比率）11. What trouble is the biggest one in the survey?A. Exam resultsB. Good friends arguingC. Too much homework12. What trouble is Not mentioned by the speaker?A. Not having enough moneyB. Having no friendsC. Good friends arguing13. How many ways are mentioned by the speaker to get over the troubles?A. SevenB. SixC. Five14. What way is chosen to get over the troubles by the most students?A. Telling friensB. Listening to musicC. Playing sports15. What have you learnt about the speaker?A. The speaker is most probably a student.B. The speaker is most probably a teacher.C. The speaker is most probably a parent of a student..笔试部分 (95分>二、单项填空(共15小题，计15分>从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处地最佳答案.16.The underlined part in the word “helped” is pronounced as ______．A．∕t∕B．∕d∕ C．∕Id∕D．∕It∕17．Confucius is a great ___ and thinker whose idea still influences us.A. educatorB. scientistC. inventorD. musician18. ---I hear you have got a ticket_____the Opening Ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games . --- Yes, I got it _____ my uncle.A. of, fromB. to , byC. to, fromD. for, to19. He can’t help ____________ the heavy box for his classmates, for he is ill.A. carryingB. takingC. takeD. to carry20. –--Would you mind opening the window?----________ Go ahead please.A. Certainly.B. Yes. I doC. No, not at all.D. Really?21.---Look! It’s Jenny.---- It ______ be her. She’s gone to Shanghai .A. mustB. mayC. mustn’tD. can’t22. --- Excuse me, could you tell me ______________?----There’s a bank on the left side ,you can make it there .A. where the bank isB. how I can get to the bank.C. if there’s a bank near hereD. where I can change money23. --- Thank you for offering us such a good meal!----_________.A. I’m glad you all enjoy it.B.Forget it.C. Come here next time.D. I didn’t cook well24. I forgot _____ a pen yesterday and bought another one today .A. to buyB. buyC. buyingD. buy25. I’ve told you everything .This is all _______ I have seen and heard.A. whenB. whatC. thatD. who26. To doctors and nurses, the most important thing is ________ lives.A. saveB. to saveC. to savingD. saved27. ____________ can cause air pollution, so we’re encouraged to go on bikes or foot..A. Keeping lights on when sleepingB. Riding in carsC. Using paper towels or napkinsD. Recycling paper28.--- Would you like to have a look at some pants? They may fit you well.---- Well, I’d like to try those blue _____.A. pairsB. oneC. pantD. pair29.It was reported that more than 40 thousand people _______in the tropical storm in Burma(缅甸>.A. were missedB. were missingC. lostD. missed30. How about going shopping on Hunan Road this evening?______,But I’ve to prepare for tomorrow’s exam．A．I can’t B．Sounds great C. That’s right D．No，I’m terribly sorry三、完形填空(共15小题，计15分>通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给地四个选项中选出一个最佳答案.I have had thousands of classes since I started school nine years ago. But only one __31__ was the most important.It happened last term just after I had got a __32__ result in an exam. I was sad and had lost my confidence. I decided to go to a class which can tell me how to be __33__.The speaker walked into the room. But he did not start talking __34__ a teacher. Instead, he held up a twenty yuan note!“Who wants this?” he asked. Unsurprisingly, __35__ of us in the class held up our hands.The speaker smiled. Then he put up the note on the blackboard and asked the same question. Again, we all put up our hands. The speaker smiled again, but __36__ nothing. Suddenly, he threw the note onto the floor! Then he asked the same __37__ a third time.I didn’t __38__ what the speaker was doing. Why was he asking the same question again and again?I didn’t know what to do. I wanted the note, __39__ I put my hand up again. After a while, he __40__ the note and started to laugh. “You have all just told me how to become successful,” __41__ said to us with the note in his hand.“The note is worth twenty yuan. It is __42__ worth twenty yuan, even though I throw it on the floor. You are like the note. No matter __43__ happens to you, you still have your worth.”When I heard those words, I was deeply moved. Suddenly, I __44__ I was worth a lot. I may have done in an exam, but it doesn’t __45__ I can’t do well in the future. If I believe in myself, I will be successful.31. A. classroom B. subject C. classD. school32. A. same B. good C. luckyD. bad33. A. comfortable B. successful C. famousD. rich34. A. like B. for C. aboutD. by35. A. both B. neither C. allD. none36. A. said B. bought C. sawD. wanted37. A. student B. teacher C. questionD. way38. A. remember B. understand C. noticeD. find39. A. so B. though C. ifD. or40. A. took out B. threw away C. picked upD. put down41. A. you B. he C. sheD. they42. A. never B. sometimes C. hardlyD. always43. A. when B. who C. whatD. how44. A. realize B. forgot C. dreamedD. decided45. A. know B. mean C. thinkD. complain四、阅读理解第一节：阅读下面地短文，从每题所给地四个选项中选出最佳选项.We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. “When I got that job, did Jim really feel good about it as a friend?or is he envious of my luc k?” “And Paul…why didn’t you find that he was friendly just because I had a car?” When we look back, thinking about these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it’s too late.Why do we go wrong about our friends—or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hidestheir real meaning. And if we don’t really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. When someone tells you, “You’re a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side? If he says,”You’re a lucky guy.” This is being friendly. But “lucky dog”, there’s a little of envy in those words.How can you tell the real meaning behind someone’s words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words mean the way he looks? His way of speaking? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save mistakes.46. From the first paragraph we know that the writer ____.A. feels happy because his friends are friendly to himB. feels he may not have “read” his friends’ true feel ing rightC. thinks it was a mistake to make friends with Jim and PaulD. feels sad about his friends47. What’s the difference between”You’re a lucky dog” and “You’re a lucky guy”?A. They are the same.B. “A lucky dog” is more friendly than “a lucky guy”C. they both show the expression of envy.D. “A lucky guy” is a kind saying.48. The writer tells us ____.A. how we won’t make mistakes about money and friendsB. how to get an idea of peopleC. how to understand what people tell us without making mistakesD. to keep people friendly without thinking of what they talk49. In listening to a person the important thing is ____.A. not to watch him carefullyB. to listen to his words clearlyC. to look at the “body language” of the person and think abou t the real meaningD. not to mind what he says50. Which of the following is NOTtrue according to the passage?A. It’s not good to think carefully before we talk.B. We make more mistakes about people than about money.C. All those mistakes make us feel unhappy.D. Sometimes we’d better spend some time thinking about the real meaning of what is said tousBFrench doctors and American scientists have reported doing an operation in which the doctor was outside the operating room. This kind of operation is known as robotic operation.Doctor Marescaux did the operation in an fooice in New York City last month, while a sixty-eight-year-old woman patient was in a hospital in Strasbourg, France.A doctor in Strasbourg got the patient ready. He placed medical tools and a small video camera in her stomach area. Doctor Marescaux in New York watched the patient on a video screen. Then he used the computer to send messages to the robot machine. The robot moved the tools that cut the woman’s gallbladder away. The w oman got well soon after the operation and left the hospital two days later.Experts say the main problem with such a robotic operation is based on high-speed telecommunications between the doctor and the robot. Technology must be able to send a doctor’s order to a robot to move the toolsquickly.Experts also say a successsful robotic operation will improve an operation. For example, the robot can make much smaller movements than a person can. A robot machine can turn tolls in ways that a doctor’s hand ca nnot.Doctors say such a robotic operation will make possible safer and better operations in the future. They say it will improve doctor training. It will also mean that doctors could do an operation on people in dangerous places far away. And it could mean that people could have operations done by top doctors without having to travel to the city where doctors work.51. “Robotic operation” means “ _____”.A. a special kind of robot invented by doctorsB. an operation done far awayC. an operation done with the help of a robotD. something done to mend a robot52. We use the robot in the operation because _____.A. it can send messages at a high speedB. even a top doctor can’t do the operation himselfC. it can make the operation safer and betterD. operations can be done without any doctors53. If we want to use the robot in the operation, we must solve the problem of _____.A. top doctorsB. smaller movementsC. doctor trainingD. high-speed telecommunications54. If the smaller movement can’t be done by doctors in the operation, we may use _____ to solve it.A. a robot machineB. more toolsC. a video cameraD. telecommucications55. Which of the following is not NOT true.A. Robotic operation is good for doctor training.B. Robotic operation has been used in the USE.C. Experts speak highly of robotic operation.D. The robot is used to watch the patient clearly.根据短文内容，按照事件发生地先后顺序排序<开始句和结尾句序号已给出）When Julia Somberg eats her favorite food , she feels bad . She knows that chocolate can have a lot of fat and sugar . But Julia says she loves chocolate so much-once she starts eating it , she can’t stop .Julia isn’t the only one who loves chocolate . It is a favorite food for people all over the world . People prefer chocolate over ice cream , cakes , and cookies .The idea of eating chocolate didn’t begin until the 19th century . Before that , people drank chocolate . The habit began in Central America where the Aztecs drank bowls of chocolate to stay watchful . When the liquid<液体）chocolate was brought to Spain in the 1500s , people thought it was medicine because it had a medicine taste . In fact , the people who made chocolate into drinks were doctors .Then people discovered that mixing chocolate with sugar made a wonderful drink . King Ferdinand of Spain loved this drink so much that he put out an order : anyone who talked about chocolate outside the court<法庭）would be killed . For about 100 years , chocolate was a secret in Spain .Finally , people found out about chocolate , and it became a popular drink in Europe . Later , the Swiss mixed milk and chocolate . Today , most Americans prefer milk chocolate , while most Europeans prefer dark chocolate .New research shows that chocolate is actually good for us . “ Chocolate has d ifferent kinds of vitamins , ” says a researcher in France . “ It has more than 300 different chemicals . One chemical works on the part of the brain<大脑）that feels pleasure . People who feel good when they eat chocolate are actually healthier . Feeling pleasure is important for health and can protect against illness . ” “ Good chocolate doesn’t have much fat or sugar . You can enjoy it if you eat a little at a time ! ” says Tara Berish , another chocolate lover .56. Doctors made chocolate into drinks .A The Aztecs drank chocolate to stay watchful .57. Chocolate was a secret in Spain for 100 years .58. Liquid chocolate was brought to Spain from Central America .59. Sugar was mixed with chocolate to make a sweet drink .G Research has shown that chocolate is good for us .60. The Swiss put milk into the chocolate mixture .五、词语填空(共10小题，计10分>The world of out-of-doors is full of secrets .And they are so interesting that quite a lot of people are busy ____61_______them .All around us are birds ,animals ,trees and flowers .The facts about how they live and grow are as interesting as __62____could be .Do you know that one of the presidents of the USA spent hours and hours studying birds ? A businessman ___63_____ lives near New York City became so interested in insects that he began to collect them .He now has over one thousand different kinds carefullykept in glass boxes .Come with me ,and I will help you find some of nature’s secrets into the woods and fields .Here we shall find how a rabit ____64_______the other rabbits that there is __65____ .We shall follow a mother bear and her young ones as they search for food and get ready for their long winter _____66_______.We shall watch bees ___67______in the air to let the other bees know where they can find food .I’ll show you many ___68_____interesting things ,___69___the best things that I can teach you is to keep your eyes and ears ____70____when you go out of doors .Natures tells her secrets only to people who look and listen carefully.六、单词拼写 (共10小题，计10分> 根据下列句子及所给单词地首字母，在答题卷上按题号写出各单词地完全形式 (每空限填一词>.71．My computer is broken. I’ll have it r________.My hobby is collecting stamps. What about y_______?The dearer, the better. It’s not always right when you do some shopping. Sometimes maybe the more expensive, the w____.The opening ceremony of the t____ Summer Olympicswill be held on August 8th in Beijing., The Yellow River lies in the n__________ of China.You will not pass the test u______ you work harder.When she r________ her mistake, it was too late to correct it.Ted’s mother kept t________ Ted not to watch TV for so long,but it didn’t help.If you get burned by oil, cold running water is very h_____.Tom is a good boy, I want to make f________ with him.七、书面表达(共1题，计15分>假如你叫李华，即将初中毕业.班里同学对初三学生该不该照常参加体育活动意见不一，下表注意：1.请写一篇80--100词左右地短文,收信人和写信人地名字已给出，不计入词数；2. 信中不能出现真实地学校、班级和姓名3. 提示词：the most important 最重要地；energetic精力充沛地；tiring令人疲倦地a waste of time浪费时间；get hurt受伤； get down to使…下降Dear editor,___________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua听力材料一、1. 听对话回答问题听下面5段对话.每段对话后面有一个小题，从题中所给地A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷地相应位置.听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟地时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.Text1G: What’s your hobby?B: I like playing foootball with my friends.Do you like it?G: No, I don’t like sports. I like playing the piano.Text 2W: The new dictionaryies were sold out last Sunday.M: Bad luck. But you can try next week.Text 3W: Do you think you could keep the noise down a little?M: I’m sorry. Am I keeping you awake?W: Yes.Text 4W: I’m feeling a little cold today.M: I guess you’ve come down with a cold.. You should have put on more clothes.W: I think so.Text 5W: We won’t go to the park this weekend.M: Why not?W: The radio says it will be rainy.2. 听长对话回答问题.听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题.现在，你有10秒钟地时间阅读这两个小题.W: Good morning Can I help you?M: I’d like to buy a hat for my daughter as a birthday present.W: What about this yellow one? It is $14 and it’s made of cotton.M: She likes yellow, but I think that’s too much for a cotton hat.W: Then how about the black one? It’s…..M: No, my daughter doesn’t like the black hats. Can you show me the pink one?W: Ok. It’s $16, but it’s a woolen one.M: It looks quite nice, though it is a little more expensive. Ok, I’ll take this one.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题.现在，你有15秒钟地时间阅读这两个小题.M: Hello! Could I speak to Laura, plaease?W: I’m sorry she isn’t in. this is Laura’s mother. Can I take a message?M: You’re very kind. This is Brian. I’m sorry to tell you that our classmate, Paul, is ill.He is in hospital. I’d like Laura to go to visit him with me.W: Sorry to hear that. I’ll let laura know. When and where will you meet?M: What about 3:00 this afternoon, at the gate of St. Peter’s hospital?W: OK, I’ll give her the messafge.M: All right. Thank you.3. 听独白回答问题<共5小题，计10分）听下面一段独白，并要求在试卷上完成任务，你可以边听边完成任务.然后你会看到5个问题和相关地选项.请从每个问题A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项.听独白前，你有25秒钟地时间阅读有关材料和5小题.听完独白后，你有25秒钟地时间来选择有关选项.独白连读两遍.Today we did a survey about the troubles students in our class face . The results show the pressure they are under .Now please draw lines between troubles and rates and do the same between ways and rates while you are listening .50 percent of students think there ’s too much homework .They have to spend a long time on it every day .They don’t have much time for fun or sleep .40 percent of them worry about their exam results and don’t want their parents to find it out . 5 percent of students think their biggest problem is their goood friends .Sometimes they argue,which makes them sad .3 percent need more money for food ,clothing and school things .As for how to get over these problems ,40 percent of them choose to tell their friends .30 percent would rather listen to music to relax .10 percent of them think talking to parents ,reading books or playing sports are good ways to help them forget about their problems .一．听力1-5 BBAAB 6-10 CCACC 11-15 CBCAB二、单项填空16-20 A A C D C 21-25 DDACC 26-30 BBABB三、完形填空31---35 CDBAC 36---40 ACBAC 41---45 BDCAB四阅读理解46-50 BDCCA 51-55 CCDAD 56-60 C E B D F五、词语填空61.studying 62 anything 63.who 64.tells 65.danger 66.sleep 67.dancing 68.other69.but70.open六、单词拼写71．repaired 72 yours 73 worse 74 twenty-ninth 75 north 76 unless 77 realized 78 telling 79 helpful 80 friends七、写作<略）申明：所有资料为本人收集整理，仅限个人学习使用，勿做商业用途.。
2018年浙江省杭州市余杭区中考物理一模试卷和答案
2018年浙江省杭州市余杭区中考物理一模试卷一、选择题1．（3分）以下有关物理量的测量，符合生活实际的是（）A．一支2B铅笔的长度约为18cmB．人体感到舒适的气温度约为37℃C．中学生跑完50m用时约为4sD．教室内一盏日光灯额定功率约为200W2．（3分）如图，一个重力为10N的物块，以20m/s的速度冲上了高为5m、长为10m的光滑斜面达到斜面顶端时，物块的速度恰好减小为0．对此过程，以下分析正确的是（）A．物块受到平行于斜面向下的摩擦力B．物块将静止在斜面顶端C．物块克服重力做功为50焦耳D．物块克服重力做功的功率为200W3．（3分）如图所示，对于图片中所描述的物理过程，下列分析中正确的是（）A．图甲，厚玻璃内的空气被压缩时，空气的内能减少B．图乙，瓶子内的空气推动塞子跳起时，空气的内能增大C．图丙，试管内的水蒸气推动了塞子冲出时，水蒸气的内能减少D．图丁，汽缸内的气体推动活塞向下运动时，气体的内能增大4．（3分）学校举行运动会，小明同学在跳远运动的几个阶段如图所示，则他（）A．在助跑阶段机械能不变B．在起跳时机械能为零C．起跳后升空的过程中，动能全部转化为重力势能D．落到沙地停稳后机械能为零5．（3分）两支蜡烛用木棒相连接，设法在其木棒中间插入一枚缝衣针，把针的两端分别放在两个玻璃杯上，将两端同时点燃，发现蜡烛可以绕针轴上下来回摆动，如图所示。
关于此装置，下列说法中正确的是（）A．蜡烛燃烧过程中，化学能只转化为光能B．该装置的转动，已不能用杠杆平衡来解释C．只将蜡烛的一端点燃，蜡烛也可以绕针轴上下来回摆动D．蜡烛转动的动能来源于蜡烛自身的重力对自己做功6．（3分）如图，甲、乙、丙是三个质量和底面积均相同的容器，若容器中都装入等量的水（水不溢出），三个容器底部都受到水的压强（）A．甲最大B．乙最大C．丙最大D．一样大7．（3分）当前，人工智能AI（ArtificialIntelligence）技术正渐渐进入人们的生活，像无人机、家居机器人等。