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C#编程语言外文文献翻译中英文
C# 编程语言概述外文文献翻译(含：英文原文及中文译文)文献出处：Barnett M. C# Programming Language Overview [J]Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2016, 3(4):49-59.英文原文C# Programming Language OverviewBarnett M1. History of C, C++, C#The C# programming language is based on the spirit of the C and C++ programming languages. This account has powerful features and an easy-to-learn curve. It cannot be said that C# is the same as C and C++, but because C# is built on both, Microsoft has removed some features that have become more burdensome, such as pointers. This section looks at C and C++ and tracks their development in C#.The C programming language was originally defined in the UNIX operating system. In the past, we often wrote some UNIX applications, including a C compiler, and finally used to write UNIX itself. It is generally accepted that this academic competition extends to the world that contains this business. The original Windows API was defined to work with C using Windows code, and until now at least the core Windows operating system APIS maintains the C compiler.From a defined point of view, C lacks a single detail, like thelanguage Smalltalk does, and the concept of an object. Y ou will learn more about the contents of the object. In Chapter 8, "Write Object-Oriented Code," an object is collected as a data set and some operations are set. The code can be completed by C, but the concept of the object cannot be Forced to appear in this language. If you want to construct your code to make it like an object, that's fine. If you don't want to do this, C will really not mind. The object is not an intrinsic part. Many people in this language did not spend a lot of time in this program example. When the development of object-oriented perspectives began to gain acceptance, think about the code approach. C++ was developed to include this improvement. It is defined to be compatible with C (just as all C programs are also C++ programs and can be compiled by a C++ compiler) The main addition to the C++ language is to provide this new concept. C++ additionally provides a derivative of the class (object template) behavior.The C++ language is a modified version of the C language. Unfamiliar, infrequent languages such as VB, C, and C++ are very low-level and require a lot of coding to make your application run well. Reason and error checking. And C++ can be handled in some very powerful applications, the code works very smoothly. The goal is set to maintain compatibility with C. C++ cannot break the low-level features of C.Microsoft defined C# retains a lot of C and C++ statements. The code can also want to identify the code quickly. A big advantage for C# is that its designers did not make it compatible with C and C++. When this may seem like a wrong treatment, it is actually good news. C# eliminates something that makes C and C++ difficult to work with. Beginning with quirks and defects found in C. C# is starting a clean slate and does not have any compatibility requirements. So it can maintain the strengths of its predecessors and discard weaknesses that make C and C++ programs difficult to survive.2. Introduce C#C#, the new language introduced in the .NET system, is derived from C++. However, C# is a popular, object-oriented (from beginning to end) type-safe language.Language featuresThe following section provides a quick perspective on some of the features of the C# language. If some of them are unfamiliar to you, don't worry, everything will be explained in detail in the following sections. In C#, all code and data must be attached to a class. Y ou cannot define a variable outside the class, nor can you write any code that is not in the class. When a class object is created and run, the class is constructed. When the object of the class is released, the class is destroyed. The class provides single inheritance, and all the classes eventually get from thebase class is the object. Over time, C# provides versioned techniques to help with the formation of your classes to maintain code compatibility when you use code from your earlier classes.Let's look at an example of a class called Family. This class contains two static fields to hold the first and last names of family members. In the same way, there is a way to return the full name of a family member.Class Class1{Public string FirstName;Public string LastName;Public string FullName(){}Return FirstName + LastName;}Note: Single inheritance means that a C# class can only inherit from a base class.C# is a collection that you can package your class into a namespace called the namespace class. And you can help arrange collection of classes on logical aggregations. When you started learning C#, it was clear that all namespaces were related to .NET type systems. Microsoft also chose to include channels that assist in the compatibility of previouscode and APIs. These classes are also included in Microsoft's namespace.Type of dataC# lets you work with two types of data: value types and reference types. The value type holds the actual value. The reference type saves the actual value stored elsewhere in the memory. Raw data types, such as character, integer, float, enumeration, and structure types, are all value types. Objects and array types are treated as reference types. C# predefines reference types (objects and strings) New, Byte, Unsigned Short, Unsigned Integer, Unsigned Long, Float, Double-Float, Boolean, Character, and The value type and reference type of the decimal type will eventually be executed by a primitive type object. C# also allows you to convert a value or a type to another value or a type. Y ou can use an implicit conversion strategy or an explicit conversion strategy. Implicit conversion strategies are always successful and do not lose any information (for example, you can convert an integer to a long integer without losing any information because long integers are longer than integers) Some data is lost because long integers can hold more value than integers. Conversion occurs.Before and after referenceRefer to Chapter 3 "Working with V ariables" to find out more about explicit and implicit conversion strategies.Y ou can use single-dimensional and multidimensional arrays in C#at the same time. Multidimensional arrays can become a matrix. When this matrix has the same area size as a multidimensional array. Or jagged, when some arrays have different sizes.Classes and structures can have data members called attributes and fields. Y ou can define a structure called Employee. For example, there is a field called Name. If you define an Employee type variable called CurrenrEmployee, you can retrieve the employee's name by writing . What should happen after the code assignment? If the employee's name must be read by a database, for example, you can write a code "When some people ask for the value of the name attribute, read the name from the database and return the name with the string type".FunctionA function is a code that can be used at any time, code. An example of a function will appear earlier than the FullName function, in this chapter, in the Family class. A function is usually combined with some code that returns information, and a method usually does not return information. However, for us, we generally attribute them to functions.The function can have four parameters:•The input parameters have values passed into the function, but the function cannot change their values.•The output parameters have no value when they are passed to thefunction, but the function can give them a value and pass the value back to its caller. ,•The reference parameter passes another value by reference. They have a value into the function, and this value can be changed in the function.•The parameter parameter defines an array variable in the list.C# and CLR work together to provide automatic storage management. Or "Leave enough space for this object to use" code like this. The CLR monitors your memory usage and automatically retrieves it when you need it.C# provides a large number of operators that allow you to write a large number of mathematical and bitwise expressions. Many (but not all) of them can be redefined, and you can change the job of these operators.C# provides a long list of reports that you can define through a variety of processing paths through your code. Through the report's operations, using keywords like switch, while, for, break, and continue enables your code to be split into different paths depending on the value of the variable.Classes can contain code and data. Visibility of each member to other objects. C# provides such accessible ranges as public, protected, internal, protected internal, and private.V ariableV ariables can be defined as constants. The constant has a fixed value and cannot be changed during the execution of your code. The value of PI, for example, is a good example of a constant because her value will not be changed while your code is running. The enumeration type defines a specific name for the constant. For example, you can define an enumerated type of planet using Mercury V in your code. If you use a variable to represent the planet, using the names of this enum type can make your code easier to read.C# provides an embedded mechanism to define and handle some events. If you write a class that performs a long operation, you may want to call an event. When the event ends, the client can sign this time and grab the event in their own code, he can let them be notified When you have completed this long budget, this event handling mechanism uses delegates in C#, a variable that references a function.Note: Event processing is a program in your code that determines what action will take place when a time occurs.For example, the user clicks on a button. If your class holds a value, write some code called a protractor that your class can be accessed as if it were an array. Suppose you write a class called Rainbow. For example, it contains a set of colors in this rainbow. Visitors may want some MYRainbow to retrieve the first color in the rainbow. Y ou can write an indexer in your Rainbow class to define what will be returned when thevisitor accesses your class as if it were an array of values.InterfaceC# provides an interface that aggregates properties, methods, and events that describe a set of functions. The class of C# can execute the interface. It tells the user through the interface a set of function files provided by this class. What existing code can have as few compatibility issues as possible. Once there was an interface exposed, it could not be changed, but it could evolve through inheritance. C# classes can perform many interfaces, even if the class can only inherit from a base class.Let's look at an example of a very clear rule in the real world of C# that helps illustrate the interface. Many applications use the additions provided today. There is the ability to read additional items when executed. To do this, this added item must follow some rules. DLL add items must display a function called CEEntry. And you must use CEd as the beginning of the DLL file name. When we run our code, it scans the directories of all the DLLs that are starting with CEd. When it finds one, it is read. Then it uses GetProcAddress to find the CEEntry function in the DLL. This proves that it is necessary for you to obey all the rules to establish an addition. This kind of creating a read addition is necessary because it carries more unnecessary code responsibility. If we use an interface in this example, your DLL additions can be applied to an interface. This ensures that all necessary methods, properties, and eventsappear in the DLL and are specified as files.AttributesThe attribute declares additional information about your class for the CLR. In the past, if you wanted to describe your classes yourself, you would have to use a few decentralized ways to store them in external files, such as IDL or event HTML files. Through your efforts, the property solves this problem. The developer has constrained some information in the class and any kind of information, for example, in the class, defines how it acts when it is used. The possibilities are endless, which is why Microsoft will contain a lot of predefined attributes in the .NET framework.Compile C#Running your C# code generates two important types of information through the C# compiler: code and metadata. The next section describes these two topics and completes a binary review built on .NET code, which is assembly.Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL)The code output by the C# compiler is written in an intermediate language called Microsoft. MSIL is your code that is used to construct a detailed set of instructions to guide you on how to perform. It contains instructions for operations, such as initialization of variables, methods for evoking objects, error handling, and declaring something new. C# is notjust a language from the MSIL source code that changes during the writing process. All .NET-compatible languages, including and C++ management, generate MSIL when their source code is compiled. All .NET languages use the same runtime, so code from different languages and different compilers can easily work together.For physical CPUs, MISL is not a set of explicit instructions. It doesn't know anything about your machine's CPU, and your machine doesn't know anything about MSIL. Then, when your CPU can't read MSIL, explain the code. This sinking is called just enough to write, or JIT. The job of the JIT compiler is to translate your universal MSIL code to the machine so that the CPU can execute your code.Y ou may want to know what an extra step is in the process. When a compiler can immediately generate CPU-interpreted code for why MSIL was generated, the compiler does this later. There are many reasons for this. First, MSIL makes it easier for you to write code as it moves to a different piece of hardware. Suppose you have written some C# code and you want it to run on your desktop and handheld devices at the same time. It is very likely that these two devices have different CPUs. If you only have one C# compiler whose goal is a clear CPU, then you need two C# compilers: one with the desktop CPU and the other with the handheld device CPU. Y ou have to compile your code twice to ensure that your correct code is used on the right device. With MSIL, you only write once.The .NET Framework is installed on your desktop and it contains a JIT compiler that translates your MSIL-specific CPU code to your machine. The .NET Framework is installed on your handheld device and it contains a JIT compiler that translates the same MSIL-specific CPU-specific code to your handheld device. To run MSIL code base on any device that has a .NET JIT compiler. Y ou now have only one MSIL basic code that can run on any device that has a .NET JIT compiler. The JIT compiler on these devices can take care of your code and make them run smoothly.Another reason why the compiler uses MSIL is that the settings of the instruction can be easily read by an authenticated proximity. Part of the compiler's job is to verify your code to make it as clear as possible. When properly accessed, these checks ensure that your code does not execute any instructions that can cause your code to crash. The definition of MSIL directives makes this check process easier to understand. CPU-specific instruction settings are optimized for fast code execution. However, they make the code difficult to read and therefore difficult to check. Having a C# compiler that can output CPU-specific code at once can make code inspection difficult or even impossible. Allow the .NET Framework's JIT compiler to verify your code to ensure that your code accesses memory through a buggy path and that the variable types are used correctly.MetadataThe assembly process outputs the same amount of metadata. This is a very important part of the .NET code sharing story. Whether you use C# to build a client application or use C# to build a library that some people use for your application, you will want to take advantage of some compiled .NET code. That code may have been provided by Microsoft as part of the .NET framework, or it may be provided by some online users. The key to using a foreign code is to let the C# compiler know that the class and that variable are in another base code so that it can be found in the precompilation of your work and match the code you write with the source code.Look at the metadata for the directory for your compiled code. The number of bits of source code compiled by C# exists in the compiled code along with the generation of MSIL. The types of methods and variables are completely described in the metadata and are ready to be read by other applications. For example, can read metadata from a .NET library to provide intelligent sensing of all the methods that can be used effectively for a particular class.If you have already worked with COM, you may be familiar with type libraries. The goal of the type library is to provide the same directory functionality to COM objects. However, the type library is provided from a few limitations, and in fact not all data about the target can be put into the type library. Metadata in .NET does not have this disadvantage. Allthe code used to describe the class's information is placed in the metadata.memberSometimes you need to use C# to build a terminal application. These applications are packaged into an executable file and use .EXE as an extension. C# completely supports the creation of .EXE files. However, there are also times when you do not want to be used in other programs. Y ou may want to create some useful C# classes, such as a developer who wants to use your class in a application. In this case, you will not create an application, instead you will build a component. A component is a metadata package. As a unit to configure, these classes will share the same level of version control, security information, and dynamic requirements. Think of a component as a logical DLL. If you are familiar with Microsoft's translation services or COM+, then you can think of components as equivalent to .NET packages.There are two kinds of components: private components and global components. When you build your own component, you don't need to specify whether you want to create a global component or a private component. Y ou can only make your code accessible by a separate application. Y our component is a package similar to a DLL and is installed into the same directory when your application runs it. The application is only executable when it is in the same directory as yourcomponent.If you want to share your code, more global components in more applications. Global components can be used by any system's .NET application regardless of the directory in which it is installed. Microsoft installs components as part of the .NET structure, and each Microsoft component is installed as a global component. The Microsoft Architecture SDK contains the public functionality to install and remove artifacts from global widget storage.C# can be viewed to some extent as a programming language for the .NET Windows-oriented environment. In the past ten years, although VB and C++ have finally become very powerful languages, some of the content has come. For Visual Basic, its main advantage is that it is easy to understand. Many programming tasks are easy to accomplish and basically hide the connotations of the Windows API and the COM component structure. The downside is that Visual Basic has never implemented an early version of object-oriented, real-world (BASIC is primarily intended to make beginners easier to understand than to write large commercial applications), so it cannot really be structured or object-oriented. Programming language.On the other hand, C++ has its own root in the ANSI C++ language definition. It is not fully compatible with ANSI because Microsoft wrote the C++ compiler before the ANSI definition was standardized, but it isalready quite close. Unfortunately, this leads to two problems. First, ANSI C++ was developed under technical conditions more than a decade ago, so it does not support current concepts (such as Unicode strings and generating XML documents), and some of the older grammatical structures were designed for previous compilers ( For example, the declaration and definition of member functions are separate.) Second, Microsoft also tried to evolve C++ into a language for performing high-performance tasks on Windows - avoiding the addition of large numbers of Microsoft-specific keywords and libraries in the language. The result is that in Windows, the language becomes a very messy language. Let a C++ developer talk about how many strings are defined in this way: char*, LPTSTR, (MFC version), CString (WTL version), wchar_t*, OLECHAR*, and so on.Now entering the .NET era - a new environment, it has made new extensions to both languages. Microsoft added many Microsoft-specific keywords to C++ and evolved VB to , retaining some basic VB syntax, but it is completely different in design. From a practical application perspective, is a New language. Here, Visua l C# .NET. Microsoft describes C# as a simple, modern, object-oriented, type-safe, and C and C++-derived programming language. Most in dependent commentators are “derived from C, C++, and Java” from their claims. C# is very similar to C++ and Java. It uses parentheses ({})to mark blocks of code, and semicolons separate lines of statements. The first impression of C# code is that it is very similar to C++ or Java code. But after these seeming similarities, C# is much easier to learn than C++ but harder than Java. Its design and modern development tools are more adaptable than other languages. It also has Visua Basic's ease of use, high performance, and low memory accessibility of C++. C# includes the following features:●Full support for class and object-oriented programming, including interface and inheritance, virtual functions, and operator overloading.●Define a complete, consistent set of basic types.●Built-in support for automatically generating XML document descriptions.●Automatically clean dynamically allocated memory.●Classes or methods can be marked with user-defined properties. This can be used for documentation purposes and has a certain impact on compilation (for example, marking a method to compile only when debugging).●Full access to the .NET base class library and easy access to the Windows API.●Y ou can use pointers and direct memory access, but the C# language can access memory without them.●Supports attributes and events in VB style.●Changing compiler options, ActiveX controls (COM components) are called by other code in the same way. ●C# can be used to write dynamic Web pages and XML Web services.It should be noted that for most of these features, and Managed C++ are also available. But since C# used .NET from the beginning, support for .NET features was not only complete, but also provided a more suitable syntax than other languages. The C# language itself is very similar to Java, but there are some improvements because Java is not designed for use in a .NET environment. Before ending this topic, we must also point out two limitations of C#. One is that the language is not suitable for writing time-critical or very high-performance codes, such as a loop that runs 1000 or 1050 times, and immediately clears the resources they occupy when they are not needed. In this regard, C++ may still be the best of all low-level languages. The second is that C# lacks the key functions needed for very high-performance applications. The parcels guarantee inlining and destructor functions in specific areas of the code. However, such applications are very few.中文译文C# 编程语言概述作者：Barnett M1. C,C++,C#的历史C#程序语言是建立在C 和C++程序语言的精神上的。
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offuel燃料费用Cost of u pkeep日常费用、维护费用Cou pler联轴器Coupl ing 耦合、联轴Coup le CP L 联轴器Cra ne 起重机Cr itica l 临界的Cri tical spee d 临界速度Cr usher碎渣机Curr ent t ransf ormer CT 电流互感器Cube立方（体）Cu bicle illu minat ion 箱内照明Curdl e 凝固Curr ent 电流、当前Curs or 光标Cur ve 曲线Cus tom 习惯、海关Cust om ke ys 用户键Cu tter切削工具Cyan ic 青色、深蓝色Cycl e 循环、周期、周波Cym omete r 频率表Cyc lomeclass ifier旋风分离器Cy linde r CYL汽缸DDa ily l oad c urve日负荷曲线Dai ly lo ad 日负荷Da mage损坏、破坏Dam per D MPR 阻尼器、挡板Dan ger 危险、危险物Dan k 潮湿Dang er zo ne 危险区Da ta 数据Dat a bas e 数据库Dat a acq uisit ion s ystem DAS数据采集系统Da ta hi ghway数据高速公路D ate 日期Da ta po ol 数据库Dc luboil p ump 直流润滑油泵Dea d ban d 死区Deae rator DEA/DEAE/DEAER除氧器Deci meter分米Decre ase D EC 减少Dee p 深度、深的、深Defa ult 默认、缺席Degr ee 度、等级D emand要求、查问De lay 延迟De lay t ime 延时De lete删除D emine raliz ed wa ter 除盐水D emine raliz er 除盐装置D eposi t 沉积结垢De salt除盐设备Desc ripti on 说明、描述Desti natio n 目标、目的地Desup erhea ter 减温器D esupe rheat er wa ter D SH WT E 减温水Det ail 细节De tect发现、检定Dev iate偏离、偏差Dev ice 设备、仪器Diag nosis诊断Diagr am 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m 电力系统El ectro nic 电子的、电子学的E lectr otech nics电工学、电工技术Elect rosta ic pr ecipi tator静电除尘器El ectro stati c 静电的Ele ment元件、零件、单元Eleva tionELEV标高E levat or 升降机El lipse椭圆Emerg encydecre e 安规Emer g lub oil事故润滑油Eme rg of f 事故停／关闭Emerg seal oil事故密封油Eme rgenc y EME RG 紧急事故E merge ncy d rain事故疏水Emer gency gove rnet／inter cepte r 危急遮断器E mploy ee 雇员Emp ty 排空Enc losur e 外壳、包围E nd 末端、终结End c over端盖E nergi ze 激励、加电Energ y 能、能量En ergymeter电度表Ener gy so urce能源E ngine er ke yboar d 工程师键盘E ngine er st ation工程师站Eng ineer's co nsole工程师操作站E ngine ering工程Enter开始、使进入E ntry输入E quali zer v alve平衡线Equip ment设备E rase删除E rror错误E scape valv e 安全线Eva porat e 蒸发、冷化E vapor ating蒸发量Even t 事件Exce ss 超过、过度Exces s com busti on ai r 过剩燃烧空气Excit ation励磁Excit er 励磁机Ex haust EXH排汽E xhaus t por tion排汽段Exit出口E xpans ion E XP 膨胀Exp ansio n tan k 扩容箱Exp endit ure 费用Ex pert专家、能手Exp losio n 爆炸Expo nent指数幂Exter nal 外部的、表面的Ex tingu isher灭火器Exti nguis hingmediu m 灭弧介质Ex tract ion c heckvalve EXTR CHKVLV 抽汽逆止阀Extr a-hig h vol tage超高压Exten d 扩展、延伸E xtera l 外部的、表面的Extr pres s 抽汽压力Ex tr te mp 抽汽温度E xtrac tionEXTR抽汽FFac tor 因素、因数Fahr enhei t 华式温标Fa ilure FAIL失败FALSE假的、错误的F an 风扇、风机Fan d uty 风机负荷Fastcut b ack F CB 快速切回F ault故障F aulty oper ation误操作Feat ures特点F eed 馈、供给Feedb ack 反馈Fe ed fo rward前馈Feedwater给水Feed-water make up 补给水Fi ber o ptic光纤F ield磁场、现场Fie ld op erato r 现场运行人员Figur e 数字、图案F ile 文件Fi lter滤网、过滤器Fi lterdiffe renti al pr essur e FIL TR DP滤网压差Fin al 最后的Fi nal s uper-heate r FSH末级过热器、高过Fine ashsilo细灰库Fire燃烧、火焰Fir e-pro of 耐火的、防火的Fir e-ext ingui sher灭火器Fire-hose消防水带Fire hydr ant 消防栓F ire-f ight灭火F irepr oof 防火的、阻燃的Fi re pu mp 消防水泵F irststage第一级、首级F irststage guid e van e 第一级导叶F lame火焰F lamecheck火检Flame dete ct ca ble F LM DE T CAB火检电缆Fla nge 法兰Fl angejoint法兰结合面Fl ank 侧翼、侧面Flas h 闪光、闪烁、闪蒸Fla sh la mp 闪光灯Fl ash l ight闪光F lashe r 闪光装置Fl exibl e 灵活的、柔性的Flex iblejoint弹性联接器Fl ip-fl op 触发器、双稳态电路F loat-charg e 浮充电Flo ppy d isk 软磁盘F loppy driv er 磁盘机Fl ow 流量、流动Flowm eter流量计Flue烟道F ormat形式、格式Fl ue ga s 烟气Flui d 液体Flyash 飞灰Fo llow跟随F orbid禁止Force强制Force circ ulati on 强制循环F orcedraft fan送风机Forne y 福尼（公司）Forwa rd 向前Fre e end自由端Freq uency频率From从、来自Fron t 前面的Fue l 燃料Fuel safe ty 燃料保护F ull s peed额定频率Full y 充分的、完全的Func tion功能F uncti on gr oup 功能组F urnac e 炉膛Fuse保险丝、熔断器Fuseholde r 保险盒Fus iblecutou t 熔断开关Fw bypa ss 给水旁路GGAI N 增益Gang班、组Gas气体、烟气Gat e 闸门Gate damp er 闸门式挡板Gatew ay 入口、途径Gauge仪表、标准Ga uge f loat水位、指示、浮标Gear齿轮G ear p ump 齿轮泵G ear s hifthousi ng 变速箱Ge n mai n bre aker发电机出口总开关Gener al co ntrol pane l 总控制屏Ge neral vlv总阀G enera te 引起、产生Gener ator发电机、发生器G land密封套Gland heat er GL AND H TR 轴封加热器Gland seal轴封Glass-pape r 砂纸Goal目的、目标Go on 继续Go vernvlv G V 调速器、调节器Grap hics调节阀Greas e 图形Gree n 绿色Grid高压输电网、铅板Grid syst em 电网系统G rossratin g 总出力、总额定值Gro und/e arth地、大地Grou p 组、群Gro up li brary组库HHa lt in struc tion停机指令Hang ers 悬吊管H ardwa re 硬件Har dness硬度、困难的H azard ous 危险的、冒险的He ader联箱H eat 热、加热Heate r 加热器Hea ting加热H eat r ate 热效率H eat s oak 暖机He rtz H Z 赫兹Hesi tateHESI暂停、犹豫Hig h 高的、高等的、高大的H igh p ressu re HP高压Highpress ure h eater HPH高压加热器His tory历史H istor icaldaterepor ter H DR 历史数据报告Hist orica l sto rage& ret rieva l uni t HSR历史数据报告存储与检索单元Hold保持Home家、处所Hopp er 漏斗、料斗Horivib(v ibrat ion)水平振动Hori zonta l 水平的、横式Horse powe r 马力Hose软管、水龙带H ot 热的Hot air热风H ot rh再热（器）热段Hot s tart热态启动Hotwell热水井Hour小时H p cyl cros s pip e 高压缸短管Hp tu rb ex h pre ss 高压缸排汽压力Hyb rid 混合物H ydrau lic 液压Hy droge n 氢（H）Hy droge n pur ity 氢气纯度Hydro bin/dewat ering bin脱水仓IId iosta ic 同电位的I dle 空载的、无效的Ig nitio n lig ht oi l 轻油点火Ig nitio n 引燃、电火I gnito r 电火器Ign ore 忽视Il lustr ate 说明Im pelle r 推进器、叶轮Imped ance阻抗I mport进口、引入Im pulse脉冲、冲击、冲量Inch IN 英寸In ching缓动、点动In come进线I ncrea se IN C 增加Inde x 索引、指示I ndica tor 指示器I ndivi dual单个的、独立的I nduct ive r eacta nce 感抗In put/o utput I/O输入／输出Ind uceddraft fanIDF 引风机I nduct ance电感I nduct ion m otor异步电动机Ind ustri al wa ter 工业水Indus try 工业In flata ble s eal 充气密封Inhi bit 禁止In itial最初的Inle t 入口Inpu t gro up 输入组In sert插入I nside内侧、内部In spect ion 观察、检查Inst all 安装In spect ion h ole 检查孔、人孔Ins talle d cap acity装机容量Ins tanta neous即时的、瞬时的Insta ntane ous p ower瞬时功率Inst ructi on 说明书、指南、指导I nstru ment仪器I nstru mentpanel仪表盘Insu late绝缘、绝热、隔离Insul ator绝缘子Intak e 输入端、进线Integ er 整数Int egral积分Inten sity强度I nterp ole 换向板I nter-stage extr actio n 中间抽头In terfa ce 接口Int erfer ence干扰、干涉Int erloc k 联锁<, /P>,Inte rmedi ate 中间的I ntern al 内部的In terro gatio n 质问、问号I nterr upt 中断In terva l 间隔Inte rlock auto on 联锁投自动Inve rter逆变器、反向器、非门Inv oiceINV 发票、发货单、托运Inter media te pr essur e IP中压I nterm ediat e rel ay 中间继电器Inval id 无效的、有病的Inv estme nt 投资Ion-exch ange离子交换器IP.cyl 中压缸I solat ion 隔离Is olato r 隔离、刀闸JJac kingoil 顶轴油J ackin g pum p 顶轴泵Job工作Jumpe r 跳线、跨接J uncti on bo x 接线盒KKey 键销、钥匙、键槽K eyboa rd 键盘Key libr ary 键库Ke y swi tch 键开关K ilovo lt-am pereKVA 千伏安K ink 弯曲、缠绕Knac k 技巧、窍门、诀窍Kni fe-sw itch闸刀开关LL abel标号、标签Lab orato ry 实验室La byrin th se al 迷宫密封L adder梯子、阶梯La dderdiagr am 梯形图La mp 灯、光源L argeplate n LAR GE PL T 大屏Last最后的Latc h 止动销、挂闸、插锁Le ak 泄漏（动词）Leak age 泄漏（名词）Lef t 左Lengt h 长度Leve l 液位、水平L ifebe lt 安全带、保险带Lif t 提、升Lig ht 光亮、点、点燃、照亮Light ning雷电L ightrun 空转Li ghtni ng ar resto r 避雷器Lim it LM T 极限、限制L imite r 限制器、限位开关Lin e 线、直线Li ne im pedan ce 线路阻抗L ining衬层、内衬Li nkage连杆List列表L iter公升L jungs tromtrise ctorair p rehea ters容克式空预器Lo ad 负荷Loa d dem and c omput e LDC负荷指令计算L oad i mpeda nce 负荷阻抗Loadlimit负荷限制Loa d rej ectio n 甩负荷Loa d she dding甩负荷Load ing 加负荷L oad t hrown on 带负荷L ocal局部L ocalatten dant现场值班员Loc al re pair现场检修Loca l sta rt 就地启动L ocalstop就地停止Loca tion处所、位置Loc k 闭锁、密封舱、固定Lo gger记录器、拖车Lo gic 逻辑Lo ng 长Loop环、回路Los s 损失、减少L oss o f exc itati on 励磁损失L oss o f pha se 失相Low低L ow pr ess L P 低压Lowpress heat er LP H 低压加热器L ow-ha lf 下半Low er 较低的、降低Lowe r hea tingvalue低位发热量Lo w pre ssure cyli nderLPC/L P CYL低压缸Lowtempe ratur e sup erhea ter L T SH低温过热器Lub oil润滑油Lub o il pu mp 润滑油泵L ubric ate L UB 润滑MMagen ta 品红色Ma gnet磁Ma in 主要的/主蒸汽的/电力网Mai n oil tank主油箱Main scre en 主屏Mai n ste am 主蒸汽Ma in tr ansfo rmer主变压器Main tenan ce 维护、检修、小修Ma inten ancemanua l 检修手册Ma jor o verha ul 大修Mak e up补充（补给）Ma kersworks制造厂Malf uncti on 出错、误动、失灵Ma nagem ent 管理、控制、处理M anhol e 人孔、检查孔、出入孔M anifo ld 各式各样的联箱、集气管Mano meter压力表Man-machi ne in terac tion人机对话Manu al 手动、手册Manua l rej ect M RE 手动切换M anual/Auto stat ion M/A ST ATION手动／自动切换站Mark型号、刻度、标志、特征M ass m emory大容量存储器M aster主要、控制者M aster cont rol r oom 主控室、中央控制室Maste r fue l tri p MFT主燃料跳闸Ma ximum最高的、最大M aximu m con tinue rate MCR最大连续率Mec hanoc alori c 热机的Mea n 平均值、中间的Mean wate r lev el 平均水位M easur e 量度、测量M echan ical机械的、力学的M echan icaltripvlv 机械跳闸阀Mech anism机械、力学、方法Medi al 中间的、平均的Med iate间接的、调解Me dium装置、介质、工质Megaw att 兆瓦Me mory存储M etal金属M eter集量器、仪表、米Meter swit ch 仪表开关M ethod方法、规律、程序Meth od of oper ation运行方式Mic a 云母Mica diel ectri c 云母电介质M icroc allip ers 千分尺M icrop hone麦克风、话筒Mi ddleMID 中间的M iddle-temp eratu re rh MT R H 中温再热器M ill 磨、磨煤机、铣刀M inimu m 最小的Min or ov erhau l 小修Minu s 减、负号Mi nus p hase负相位Minut e 分钟Miss oper ation误动作、误操作Misstrip拒跳闸Mista ke 错误、事故Mixed bed混床M ixtur e 混合物Man-mach ine i nterf ace M MI 人机接口M odem调制解调器Mod ify 修改Mo dulat ing c ontro l 调节控制Mo dulat ing v alve调节阀Modul e 模件Mois ture湿度、湿汽Mon itor监视器、监视Mo noxid e 一氧化物Mo nth 目Mot or MT R 马达Moto r con trolcente r MCC马达控制中心M otorwindi ng 电动机组绕组Moul dproo f 防霉的Mou nt 安装、固定Mount ain c ork 石棉Mo use 鼠标Mo ve 移动Mul tidro p 多站Mult ispee d 多速Mult-mult i 多、多倍Mu ltime ter 万用表M ultip licat ion 乘Mul tivib rator多谐振荡器NName名、名字Nat ural自然的Naugh t lin e 零线Need lepoi nt vl v 针阀Nega tive负的N egati ve pr essur e NEG PRES S 负压Neon test er 试电表Ne t rat ine/n et ou tput净出力Netwo rk 网络Neu tralline中性线Neutr al 中性的Ne utral poin t 中性点Nex t 其次的Nig ht sh ift 夜班Ni pper钳子、镊子Noi se 噪音No-loadi ng 空载Nom inal标称的、额定的N omina l pow er 额定功率N omina l rat ing 标称出力、额定出力Non-r eturn vlv逆止线Non-w ork 非工作的Norma l 正常的、常规的Norm al cl osedconta ct 常闭触点N ormal make up wt r 正常补水No t ava ilabl e 无效、不能用No to uch r elay无触点继电器No n-wor k pad / n-workpad 非工作瓦Nozzl e 喷嘴Numb er 数字、号码、数目Nu mberof tu rns 匝数N ut 螺母、螺帽OOc cur 发生Od d 奇数Offi ce 办公室Oi l 油Oil b reake r 油开关Oil er 注油器Oi l fue l tri p OFT油燃料跳闸Oi l gun油枪Oil i mmers ed na tural cool ing 油浸自然冷却Oil puri fier油净化装置On-line在线、联机的On-load test带负荷试验On/off开／关Onset开始、发作Op en 开、打开O pen-a ir 露天的、开启的Ope n-loo p 开环Open work户外作业Ope ratin g pan el 操作盘Op erati on 操作、运行Opera tiona l log运行记录Ope rator操作员Oper atorkeybo ard 操作员键盘Oper atorstati on 操作员站O perat or'salarm cons ole 操作员报警台Opt imal最优的、最佳的O ptima l val ue 最佳值Op tiona l 可选的Opt ion s witch选择开关Ori ficeplate孔板Origi nal 初始的、原始的Os cilla tor 振荡器O scill oscop e 示波器Out出、出口Out age 停用Ou t-of-servi ce 为投入运行的Outl et 出口Out put 产量、产品、输出O utput grou p 输出组Out side外边、外面Ove r cur rent过流O ver l oad 过负荷O verlo ad pr otect ion 过载保护Overa ll de sign总体设计Over volt age 过压Ov erflo w 溢流Over flowvlv s tatio n 溢流阀门站O verha ul 大修Ove rhaul life大修间隙Ove rhead顶部Overh ead l ine 架空线O verri de 超越Ove rspee d 超速Over speed trip超速跳闸Ove rview概述、总述Ow n dem and 厂用电量Oxide film氧化膜、氧化层Oxyge n 氧PPa ckage组件、包Pac ked g roup组合组Pad 瓦、衬垫Page页Pa nel 屏、盘P arame ter 参数Pa rt 部分、部件Partper m illio n PPM百万分率Pas sword口令Path路线P eak 峰值Pe ak lo ad 峰值负荷P endan t 悬吊Pend ant p ull s witch拉线开关Pen thous e 顶棚Penu matic s 汽动装置Pe rcent PCT百分数Perce ntage百分比Perf ect 完全的、理想的Pe rfect comb ustio n 完全燃烧Pe rform ance完成、执行、性能Perfo rmanc e cal culat ion 性能计算Perfo rmanc e cur ve 性能曲线P eriod ic 周期的、循环的Per iodic insp ectio n 定期检查Pe riphe ral 周围的P eriph eralequip ment外围设备Perm anent永久的、持久的Perma nentmagne tic g enera tor 永磁发电机Perm it 允许Per mit t o wor k 允许开工Pe trol汽油。
叁叁3d中英文互译A-C
Along Visible Edges沿可见的边
Alphabetical按字母顺序
Always总是
Ambient阴影色；环境反射光
Ambient Only只是环境光；阴影区
Ambient Only Toggle只是环境光标记
ActiveShade实时渲染视图；着色；自动着色
ActiveShade(Scanline)着色(扫描线)
ActiveShade Floater自动着色面板；交互渲染浮动窗口
ActiveShade Viewport自动着色视图
Adaptive适配；自动适配；自适应
Adaptive Cubic立方适配
Archive文件归档
Area区域
Array阵列
Array Dimensions阵列尺寸；阵列维数
Array Transformation阵列变换
ASCII Export输出ASCII文件
Aspect Ratio纵横比
Asset Browser资源浏览器
Assign指定
Bezier Scale贝塞尔比例；贝兹缩放
Bezier Scale Controller贝塞尔缩放控制器
ACIS Options ACIS选项
Activate活动；激活
Activate All Maps激活所有贴图
Activate Grid激活栅格；激活网格
Activate Grid Object激活网格对象；激活网格物体
Activate Home Grid激活主栅格；激活主网格
Adaptive Degradation自动降级
服装面料术语中英文 翻译.
服装面料术语中英文翻译关于面料的缩写C:Cotton 棉W:Wool 羊毛M:Mohair 马海毛RH:Rabbit hair 兔毛AL:Alpaca 羊驼毛S:Silk真丝J:Jute 黄麻L:linen 亚麻Ts:Tussah silk 柞蚕丝YH:Yark hair 牦牛毛Ly:lycra莱卡Ram:Ramine 苎麻Hem:Hemp 大麻T:Polyester 涤纶WS:Cashmere 羊绒N:Nylon 锦纶(尼龙A:Acrylic 腈纶Tel:Tencel 天丝,是Lyocell莱赛尔纤维的商品名La:Lambswool 羊羔毛Md:Model 莫代尔CH:Camel hair 驼毛CVC:chief value of cotton涤棉倒比(涤含量低于60%以下 Ms:Mulberry silk 桑蚕丝R:Rayon 粘胶纤维缩写代号天然纤维丝S麻L人造纤维粘胶纤维R醋酯纤维CA三醋酯纤维CTA铜氨纤维CVP富强纤维Polynosic蛋白纤维PROT纽富纤维Newcell合成纤维碳纤维CF聚苯硫醚纤维PPS聚缩醛纤维POM酚醛纤维PHE弹性纤维PEA聚醚酮纤维PEEK预氧化腈纶PANOF改性腈纶MAC维纶PVAL聚乙烯醇缩乙醛纤维PVB氨纶PU硼纤维EF含氯纤维CL高压型阳离子可染聚酯纤维CDP 常压沸染阳离子可染纤维ECDP 聚乳酸纤维PLA聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯纤维PTT 聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维PBT聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维PEN聚乙烯、聚丙烯共混纤维ES氯纶Pvo聚对本二氧杂环已酮纤维PDS弹性二烯纤维ED同位芳香族聚酰胺纤维PPT对位芳香族聚酰胺纤维PPTA芳砜纶PDSTA聚酰亚胺纤维Pi超高强高模聚乙烯纤维CHMW-PE其他金属纤维MTF玻璃纤维GE服装术语——服装包装产品中英文对照卷杆:RILLING/WINDING散装:LOOSE PACKING编织袋:WEAVING BAG纸箱:CARTON木箱:WODEN CASE中性包装:NEUTRAL PACKING单幅卷杆:ROLLED ON TUBES IN OPEN WIDTH 双幅卷杆:DOUBLE FOLDED ON ROLLS双幅折板:DOUBLE FOLDED ON BOARD腰封:PAPER TAPES纸管:TUBE吊牌:LABLE/HANG TAG唛头:SHIPPING MARK船样:SHIPPING SAMPLE塑料袋:POLY BAG匹长:ROLL LENGTH拼匹:ROLL WITH SEWING/ROLL WITH JOIN 拼箱:LCL整箱:FCL出口包装:EXPORT PACKING服装术语——麻纺原料产品名词术语苎麻ramie荨麻科苎麻属苎麻植物、韧皮、纤维的统称.生苎麻(原麻 raw ramie从苎麻茎上剥下,并经刮制的韧皮.水麻生苎麻脱胶过程中,末经给油的纤维.亚麻flax亚麻科亚麻属亚麻植物、韧皮、纤维的统称(包括油用亚麻.黄麻jute椴树科黄麻属黄麻(圆果种植物和长蒴黄麻(长果种植物、韧皮、纤维的统称. 洋麻(槿麻 Kenaf, Ambari hemp锦葵科木槿属洋麻植物、韧皮、纤维的统称(有关名词实语与黄麻相同.生黄麻从麻茎上剥下,末经脱胶处理的黄麻韧皮.熟黄麻(精洗麻 raw jute生黄麻经脱胶处理所得的纤维.坌麻bach pat由于疏等原因,收剥过早,纤维成熟度差的黄麻.枯黄麻从枯死的黄麻茎上剥下的生黄麻.大麻hemp大麻科大麻属大麻植物、韧皮、纤维的统称.茼麻(青麻、芙蓉麻、天津麻 abutilon锦葵科芙蓉属茼麻植物、韧皮、纤维的统称.剑麻(西沙尔麻 sisal龙舌兰科龙舌兰属剑麻植物及其叶鞘纤维的统称.蕉麻(马尼拉麻 abaca,manila hemp芭蕉科芭蕉属蕉麻植物及其叶鞘纤维的统称.服装术语——针织产品名词术语针织物纬编针织物weft-knitted fabric用纬编针织机编织,将纱线由纬向喂入针织机的工作针上,使纱线顺序地弯曲成圈,并相互穿套而形成的圆筒形或平幅形针织物.经编针织物warp-knitted fabric用经编针织机编织,采用一组或几组经向平行排列的纱线,在经编机的所有工作针上同时进行成圈而形成的平幅形或圆筒形针织物.单面针织物single knit,single jersey在针织机上以单针筒或单针床织成的针织物双面针织秒double knit,double jersey双针筒或双针床针织机织成的针织物纬平针织物plain knit采用纬编平针组织编织的针织物罗纹针织物rib knit采用罗纹组织编织的针织物双罗纹针织物interlock fabric采用双罗纹组织编织的针织物双反面针织物–purl fabric, links-links fabric采用双反面组织的针织物集圈针织物tuck fabric采用集圈组织的针织物起绒针织物rasied knit,knitted fleece表面起绒,具有绒层或毛茸外观的针织物长毛绒针织物high pile knitted fabric纤维毛条或毛纱与地纱一起喂入编织成圈,表面呈现较长绒毛的针织物毛圈针织物terry knitted fabric由地组织纱线圈和拉长的沉降弧延展线或衬垫纱线等在表面形成毛圈的针织物提花针织物jacquard knitted fabric采用提花组组织织成的带有浮线的针织物丝盖棉针织物用添纱集圈等组织编织的一种两面由不同纤维的纱线构成的针织物.常以涤纶丝构成其正面,由棉纱构成其反面.厚绒heavy fleece用中号、细号纱各一根,或两根中号纱作面子纱,两根粗号纱作衬垫纱编织的起绒针织物.薄绒light fleece用中号、细号纱各一根, 或两根中号纱作面子纱,一根粗号纱作衬垫纱编织的起绒针织物.细绒fine fleece用两根细号纱作面子纱,一根中号或粗号作衬垫纱编织的起绒针织物服装术语——纱线纱线Yarns棉及其混纺纱线Cotton, Cotton Mixed & Blended Yarns 棉纱Cotton Yarns涤棉纱T/C & CVC Yarns粘棉纱Cotton/Rayon Yarns棉晴纱Cotton/Acrylic Yarns棉/氨纶包芯纱Cotton/Spandex Yarns棉与其他混纺纱Cotton/Others Blended Yarns毛纺系列纱线Woollen Yarn Series羊绒纱Cashmere Yarn Series全羊毛纱Wool (100% Yarns毛晴纱Wool/Acrylic Yarns毛涤纱Wool/Polyester Yarns毛粘纱Wool/Viscose Yarns毛/丝纱Wool/Silk Yarnss羊毛/其他Wool/Other Yarns兔毛纱Angora Yarns雪兰毛线Shetland Yarns牦牛毛纱Yak Hair Yarns羊仔毛纱Lambswool Yarns真丝系列纱线Silk Yarn Series白厂丝White Steam Filature Yarns双宫丝Duppion Silk Yarns柞蚕丝Tussah Silk Yarns绢丝Spun Silk Yarns柞绢丝Tussah Spun Silk Yarns柚丝Silk Noil Yarns真丝线Silk Threads丝棉混纺纱Silk/Cotton Blended Yarns麻纺系列纱线Halm Yarn Series大麻系列纱线Hemp Yarn Series亚麻系列纱线Linen Yarn Series苎麻系列纱线Ramie Yarn Series黄麻系列纱线Jute Yarn Series其他植物纤维纱线Other Plant Yarns剑麻系列纱线Sisal Yarn Series人造纤维和合成纱线Manmade & Synthetic Yarns 晴纶纱Acrylic Yarns 晴纶仿羊绒Cashmere-like Acrylic Yarns仿兔毛Sunday Angora Yarns锦纶丝Polyamide Yarns涤纶纱/丝Polyester Yarns人造棉纱Spun Rayon Yarns天丝纱Tencel Yarns弹力纱线Elastane Yarns涤粘纱T/R (Polyester/Rayon Yarns人棉混纺纱Spun Rayon Blended Yarns其他化纤纱线Other Synthetic Yarns人造长丝或线Viscose Filament Yarns or Threads花色纱线雪尼尔纱Chenille Yarns大肚纱Big-belly Yarns带子纱Tape Yarns马海毛纱Mohair Yarns羽毛纱Feather Yarns蜈蚣纱Centipede like Yarns项链纱Neckline Yarns辫子纱Pigtail Yarns梯子纱Ladder Yarns圈圈纱Loop YarnsTT 纱TT Yarns结子纱Knot Yarns乒乓纱Ping-Pong Yarns其它花色纱线Other Fancy Yarns金属纱线Metal Yarns绳、索及缆Twine, Cordage, Rope & Cables 服装术语——度尺部位词汇BUST WIDTH 胸阔FRONT CROSS 前胸阔BACK CROSS 后胸阔WAIST WIDTH 腰阔BOTTOM 脚阔SHOULDER ACROSS 肩阔SMALL SHOULDER 小肩长C/B LENGTH 后中长SLEEVE LENGTH 袖长BICEP 袖肥,袖髀宽SLEEVE OPENING 袖口阔CUFF WIDTH 介英宽ARMHOLE(CURVE/STRAIGHT夹圈(弯度/直度 NECK WIDTH 颈阔SLEEVE CROWN HEIGHT 袖山高UPPER ARM WIDTH 袖脾阔COLLAR LENGTH 领长FRONT NECK DROP 前领深UPPER COLLAR HEIGHT 上级领高COLLAR BAND HEIGHT 下级领高COLLAR POINT 领尖长COLLAR POINT SPREAD 领尖距PLACKET WIDTH 前筒宽POCKET HIGH POINT 袋尖高(袋最长的高度WAIST(RELAX腰围(松度WAIST(STRETCHED腰围(拉度HIP 坐围HIGH HIP 上坐围THIGH(UNDER CROTCH脾围LEG OPENING 裤脚围FRONT RISE 前浪BACK RISE 后浪INSEAM LENGTH 内长OUTSEAM LENGTH 外长WAISTBAND 裤头高KNEE 膝围SWEEP(HALF裙阔(裙底半度FLY WIDTH 钮牌阔FLY LENGTH 钮牌长BELTLOOP 裤耳服装术语——口袋专题bellows pocket 风琴袋curved pkt 弯袋coin pkt 表袋double jetted pkt 双唇袋hexagonal pkt 六角袋―J‖ s hape pkt J形袋patch pkt 明贴袋peach shape pkt 杏形袋ruler shape pkt 曲尺袋,鸡翼袋round cornered pkt 圆角袋single jetted pkt 单唇袋slant pkt 斜插袋square shape pkt 方角袋straight pkt 直插袋seam pkt 骨口袋,缝骨袋three points pkt 三尖袋welt pkt 西装袋zipper pkt 拉链袋注:pkt.=pocket服装专业名词国粤英语对照粤语国语ENGLISH及骨锁边OVERLOCK纳膊缝合小肩JOIN THE SMALL SHOULDER埋夹缝合袖底骨和侧缝JOIN THE UNDER ARM SEAM AND SIDE SEAM 夹圈袖窿ARMHOLE担干过肩YOKE介英,鸡英袖口,袖级CUFF侧骨侧缝,摆缝SIDE SEAM纳膊位肩缝SHOULDER SEAM前浪前档FRONT RISE后浪后档BACK RISE坐围臀围HIP脾围横档THIGH耳仔裤带袢BELTLOOP钮门扣眼BUTTON HOLE钮牌门袢FLY布封幅宽FABRIC WIDTH朴衬布INTERLINING急钮四合扣SNAP FAS TENER膊头棉,肩棉肩垫,垫肩SHOULDER PAD魔术贴尼龙搭扣VELCRO挂卡吊牌HANGTAG平车平缝机NORMAL SEWING MACHINE拉冚车绷缝机COVERING STITCH MACHINE及骨车包缝机,锁边机OVERLOCK MACHINE拉筒车门襟机PLACKET MACHINE挑脚车暗缝机BLIND STITCHING MACHINE辘脚车脚口卷边机BOTTOM HEMMING MACHINE 啤机冲压裁剪机DIE CUTTING MACHINE唛架排料图MAKER排唛排料LAYOUT车花绣花EMBROIDERY拉裤头上裤头WAISTBANDING打枣打结BARTACK钮子钮门搭位BUTTON STAND插竹领插角片COLLAR STAY唛头商标LABEL乌蝇扣钩棒扣EYES & HOOKS纵纹斜纹BIOS CUT返针回针BACK STITCH间棉绗缝QUILT针步线步STITCHES止口,子口缝头SEAM ALLOWANCE办样板SAMPLE梭仔梭芯BOBBIN狗牙车牙FEED DOG靴压脚PRESSER FOOT蝴蝶车缝附件SEWING MACHINE ATTACHMENTS 烫斗熨斗IRON 服装术语——颜色丈青:navy玉:jade银:silver沙子色:sand青铜色:gunmetal浅橄榄灰色:stone米灰色:D/melange 米黄色:cream咖啡色:coffee酒红色:wine金:gold黄色:yellow黑色:black橄榄色:olive粉红色:pink古铜色:anti gold 自然色:natural桃色:peach水仙黄:daffod珊瑚色:coral青铜色:gilt蓝灰色:pewter湖水蓝:turq红古铜色:bronze 粉玫色:fuchsia淡黄绿色:pistac彩虹色:rainbow憬红色:shocking red粉红色:pinksalmon pink 橙红色baby pink 浅粉红色shocking pink 鲜粉红色brown 褐色, 茶色beige 灰褐色chocolate 红褐色, 赭石色sandy beige 浅褐色camel 驼色amber 琥珀色khaki 卡其色maroon 褐红色green 绿色moss green 苔绿色emerald green 鲜绿色olive green 橄榄绿blue 蓝色turquoise blue 土耳其玉色cobalt blue 钴蓝色, 艳蓝色navy blue 藏青色, 深蓝色, 天蓝色aquamarine blue 蓝绿色red 红色scarlet 绯红, 猩红mauve 紫红wine red 葡萄酒红purple, violet 紫色lavender 淡紫色lilac 浅紫色antique violet 古紫色pansy 紫罗兰色white 白色off-white 灰白色ivory 象牙色snowy white 雪白色oyster white 乳白色gray 灰色charcoal gray 炭灰色smoky gray 烟灰色misty gray 雾灰色BABY BLUE 浅蓝TIGERLILY 橘红STORM 雾灰WINTER SKY 天蓝VAPOR BLUE 烟灰OYSTER GREY 米灰JESTER RED 大红CANDY PINK 粉红JAFFA ORANGE 橘黄pale taupe 浅灰褐色cracker khaki 杏色tulip yellow 黄色thirsty blue 浅蓝色green mint 浅绿banana cream 香蕉黄Acid blue 湖色Amber 琥珀色Amethyst 紫水晶色Antique 古紫色Apple green 苹果绿Apricot 杏黄Aqua green 水绿色Aquamarine blue 蓝绿色Auburn 赤褐色Azure green 碧绿色Bay 枣色Baby blue 浅蓝色Baby pink 浅粉红色Beige 灰棕色Benzo blue 靛蓝色Black 黑色Blue 蓝色Blue green 竹青色Blue grey 蓝灰色Bluish white 青白色Bluish yellow 青黄色Brick red 青莲色Bronze black 射光黑色Bronze blue 射光绀蓝Bronze violet 射光紫蓝Brown 棕色Buff 浅黄色Calamine blue 淡蓝色Caramel 酱色Cardinal 深红色Carmine 紫红色Carnation 肉色Celeste 天青色Chalky 白垩Charcoal grey 炭灰色Cherry 樱桃红Chestnut 栗褐色Citrine 柠檬黄Cobalt blue 钴蓝色Cochineal 胭脂红Coco 黄棕色Contrast colot 衬色Copper red 铜色Coral 珊瑚色Cream 米色Crystal cream 奶油白Dark green 深绿色Dark grey 深灰色Delicate color 娇色Deep green 墨绿色Deep yellow 深黄色Dun 焦茶色Emerald green 鲜绿色Florid 鲜红French rose 法国红Garnet 暗红Geranium 原色红Gold 金Golden yellow 金黄色Green 绿色Grey 灰Hazel 赤褐色Hepatic 猪肝色Hyacinth 紫蓝色Indigo 靛青色Ivory 象牙黄Jade green 翠绿色Lavender 藕色Lias 淡紫色Light grey 淡灰色Lyons blue 蓝紫色Mandarin blue 深蓝Marine green 海水绿Maroon 枣红;茶色Medium blue 中蓝色Medium yellow 中黄色Milk white 乳白色Ming blue 藏青色Moss green 苔绿色Navy blue 海水蓝Nimbus grey 雨云灰色Ocher 赭色Off white 灰白Olive 橄榄色Olive green 草绿色;橄榄绿Opaque 不透明Orange 橘黄色Oriental ted 大红Peach 桃红色Peacock blue 孔雀蓝Pea green 豆绿色Pied 杂色Pink 粉红色Pitch black 深黑色Protective color 保护色Prussian blue 普鲁士蓝Purple 紫色Purple bronze 紫铜色Red 红Reddish 淡红Reddish yellow 浓黄Rich color 浓色Rose 玫瑰红Royal blue 宝蓝色Rust brown 鼻烟色Sallow 苍黄Salmon 橙红Sandy 淡茶色Sap green 暗绿色Scarlet 绯色Sepia 棕黑色Shade 颜色深浅Shocking pink 鲜粉红Silver 银色Sky blue 天蓝Slate grey 鼠灰色Smoky grey 雾灰色Snow white 雪白Soft color 嫩色Sorrel 红棕色Tan 浅棕色Tapestry red 咖啡色Tawny 黄褐色Translucent 半透明Transparent 透明Turquoise 蓝绿色Turquoise blue 土耳其玉色Ultramarine 青蓝色Ultramarine blue 群青Umber 浓茶色Verdigris color 铜绿色Vermilion 桔红;朱砂红Violet 紫罗兰色White 白色Wine red 葡萄红Yellow 黄色York yellow 蛋黄色amber 琥珀色antique violet 古紫色antiquewhite 古董白aqua 浅绿色aquamarine 碧绿色azure 天蓝色baby pink 浅粉红色beige 米色bisque 橘黄色black 黑色blanchedalmond 白杏色blue 蓝色blueviolet 紫罗兰色brown 棕色burlywood 实木色cadetblue 军蓝色camel 驼色charcoal gray 炭灰色chartreuse 黄绿色chocolate 巧克力色cobalt blue 艳蓝色coral 珊瑚色cornflowerblue 菊蓝色cornsilk 米绸色crimson 暗深红色cyan 青色magenta 洋红色maroon 栗色mauve 紫红mediumaquamarine 间绿色mediumblue 间蓝色mediumorchid 间紫色mediumpurple 间紫色mediumseagreen 间海蓝色mediumslateblue 间暗蓝色mediumspringgreen 间春绿色mediumturquoise 间绿宝石色mediumvioletred 间紫罗兰色midnightblue 中灰蓝色mintcream 薄荷色misty gray 雾灰色mistyrose 浅玫瑰色moccasin 鹿皮色moss green 苔绿色navajowhite 纳瓦白navy 藏青off-white 灰白oldlace 老花色olive 橄榄色olivedrab 深绿褐色 orange 橙色 orangered 橙红色 orchid 淡紫色 oyster white 乳白色 palegoldenrod 苍麒麟色 palegreen 苍绿色 paleturquoise 苍绿色 palevioletred 苍紫罗蓝色 pansy 紫罗兰色 papayawhip 番木色 peachpuff 桃色 peru 秘鲁色 pink 粉红plum 杨李色 powderblue 粉蓝色 purple 紫色 red 红色 rosybrown 褐玫瑰红 royalblue 宝蓝色 rubine 宝石红 saddlebrown 重褐色 salmon 鲜肉色 salmon pink 橙红色 sandy beige 浅褐色 sandybrown 沙褐色 sapphire 宝石蓝 scarlet 猩红色 seagreen 海绿色seashell 海贝色 shocking pink 鲜粉红色 sienna 赭色 silver 银白色 skyblue 天蓝色slateblue 石蓝色 slategray 灰石色 smoky gray 烟灰色 snow 雪白色 springgreen 春绿色steelblue 钢蓝色 stone 石色 tan 茶色teal 水鸭色 thistle 蓟色 tomato 番茄色 turquoise 青绿色 turquoise blue 翠蓝色violet 紫色 wheat 浅黄色 white 白色 whitesmoke 烟白色 winered 葡萄酒红 yellow 黄色 yellowgreen 黄绿色 darkblue 暗蓝色 darkcyan 暗青色 darkgoldenrod 暗金黄色darkgray 暗灰色 darkgreen 暗绿色 darkkhaki 暗卡其色 darkmagenta 暗洋红色darkolivegreen 暗橄榄绿色 darkorange 暗桔色 darkorchid 暗紫色 darkred 暗红色darksalmon 暗肉色 darkseagreen 暗海蓝色 darkslateblue 暗灰蓝色 darkslategray 墨绿色 darkturquoise 暗宝石绿 darkviolet 暗紫色 deeppink 深粉色 deepskyblue 深天蓝色dimgray 暗灰色 dodgerblue 闪蓝色 emerald green 艳绿色 firebrick 火砖色 floralwhite 花白色 forestgreen 森林绿 fuchsia 紫红色 gainsboro 淡灰色 ghostwhite 幽灵白 gold 金黄色 goldenrod 金麒麟色gray 灰色 green 绿色 greenyellow 黄绿色 honeydew 蜜色 hotpink 艳粉色indianred 印第安红 indigo 靛蓝色 ivory 象牙色 khaki 卡其色 lavender 淡紫色lavenderblush 淡紫红 lawngreen 草绿色 lemonchiffon 柠檬绸色 lightblue 浅蓝色lightcoral 浅珊瑚色 lightcyan 浅青色 lightgoldenrodyellow 浅金黄色 lightgreen 浅绿色lightgrey 浅灰色 lightpink 浅粉色 lightsalmon 浅肉色 lightseagreen 浅海蓝色lightskyblue 浅天蓝色 lightslategray 浅蓝灰色 lightsteelblue 浅钢蓝色 lightyellow 浅黄色 lilac 浅紫色 lime 酸橙色 limegreen 橙绿色 linen 亚麻色。
keil软件 C 编译器错误信息中文翻译
Structure or union syntax error
结构体或联合体语法错误
Structure size too large
结构体尺寸太大
Sub scripting missing ]
下标缺少右方括号
Superfluous & with function or
allowed
不允许转换近指针
Could not find file ``xxx``
找不到XXX 文件
Declaration missing ;
说明缺少"；"
Declaration syntax error
说明中出现语法错误
Default outside of switch
Default 出现在switch 语句之外
array
函数或数组中有多余的"&"
Suspicious pointer conversion
可疑的指针转换
Symbol limit exceeded
符号超限
Too few parameters in call
函数调用时的实参少于函数的
参数不
Too many default cases
编译预处理ifdef 有语法错
Bit field too large
位字段太长
Call of non-function
调用未定义的函数
Call to function with no
prototype
调用函数时没有函数的说明
Cannot modify a const object
中文翻译 Training and Developing Employees
Chapter 5 Training and Developing Employees 员工培训和发展Why the Training Business Is Booming为什么培训生意兴隆The Five-Step Training and Development Process五个步骤培训和发展过程Why Orientation Is Important为什么岗前培训非常重要Using Orientation to Reduce Stress用岗前培训减少压力On-the-Job Training在职培训Training refers to the methods used to give new or present employees the skills they need to perform their jobs.培训是指给新的或者现有员工完成他们工作的方法 Training might mean showing a new Web designer the intricacies of your site, a new salesperson how to sell your firm’s product, or a new supervisor how to interview and evaluate employees. Training is a hallmark of good management, and a task managers overlook at their peril. Having high-potential employees doesn’t guarantee they’ll succeed. Instead, they have to know what you want them to do and how you want them to do it. If they don’t, they’ll do the jobs their way, not yours. Or they will improvise, or, worse, do nothing productive at all. Good training is vital. 可能意味着显示一个新的Web设计师，您的网站的复杂性，一个新的销售人员如何销售贵公司的产品，或一个新的主管如何面试和评估员工。
2020职称英语词汇C开头：character的中文翻译
2020职称英语词汇C开头：character的中文翻译名词1.[C,U]（人的）品质；性格；（事物的）性质；特性2.不可数名词：好品质；骨气；特色3.可数名词：（小说、戏剧等的）人物，角色4.可数名词：名声，名誉5.可数名词：【口】人；滑稽的人；怪人6.可数名词：（书写或印刷）符号；（汉）字；字体7.不可数名词：【书】身份，地位，资格v. 及物动词：1.描述2.使具有特性词形变化：形容词：characterless；时态：charactered，charactering，characters。
同义词：fictional character，fictitious character；part，persona，role，theatrical role；reference reference；fiber，fibre；eccentric，case，type；grapheme，graphic symbol；lineament，quality。
单词分析：这些名词均有“字母”之意。
alphabet：指整个字母系统或一种语言的字母表，不表单个字母。
letter：指单个的字母。
character：通常指汉语的方块字，也指字符。
script：指书写或印刷的字母。
英语句子Bell character响铃字符Have an insight into character有洞察力To change in form or character; alter.变更在形式或特征上改变,修改Elevated in character; exalted.品德高尚的;崇高的A peculiar or eccentric person; a character.一个奇特或怪癖的人;怪人。
英语解释engrave or inscribe characters onan imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)an actor's portrayal of someone in a play相似短语transmissioncontrol character 【计】传输控制字符character deletion character 删除字符的字符，删去字符，删去字符的字符character-deletion character 字符删除号在终端机输入的一行中的一种字符，规定该字符本身与它的前一个字符从该行中删去。
thatgirl歌词中文翻译
thatgirl歌词中文翻译《That Girl》歌词中文翻译
那女孩
在我们之间没有太多说的话
她和我都在争执中
即使我不是她计划的一部分
她在我心中留下了印记
而当她离开时，我总是希望她会留下
但她只是孤独地走在路上
所以我跟着她，尽我所能
直到她感受到我的虚荣心
她是那个从容不迫的那一个
犹如踌躇满志的领导者
哪怕她早已感觉到了我
她才不会瞧得起我
（C）她是那美好的疑问她一直出现在我的梦里
我知道她的爱是很难得的但我不愿放弃
她就是那个特别的女孩
那女孩噢噢
她总是对我如此充满敌意而我却还是无尽地接近
我真的不明白为什么
她总是我心头的女孩
是不是她感觉到了我的见解我不得而知
但是这个距离让我心神不宁
她是那个从容不迫的那一个犹如踌躇满志的领导者
哪怕她早已感觉到了我
她才不会瞧得起我
（C）她是那美好的疑问她一直出现在我的梦里
我知道她的爱是很难得的但我不愿放弃
她就是那个特别的女孩
（C）她是那美好的疑问她一直出现在我的梦里
我知道她的爱是很难得的但我不愿放弃
她就是那个特别的女孩
她是那个从容不迫的那一个犹如踌躇满志的领导者
哪怕她早已感觉到了我
她才不会瞧得起我
（C）她是那美好的疑问她一直出现在我的梦里
我知道她的爱是很难得的但我不愿放弃
她就是那个特别的女孩
（C）她是那美好的疑问她一直出现在我的梦里我知道她的爱是很难得的但我不愿放弃
她就是那个特别的女孩
（C）她是那美好的疑问她一直出现在我的梦里我知道她的爱是很难得的但我不愿放弃
她就是那个特别的女孩。
experience的中文翻译
experience 名词n. 1. 经验,体验[U][(+of/in)]2. 经历,阅历[C]及物动词vt. 1. ex经历;体验2. 感受;遭受flood 名词n. [C]1. 洪水,水灾[P1]2. 一大批,大量[(+of)]3. 涨潮,满潮及物动词vt. 1. 淹没;使泛滥2. 涌到,涌进3. 充满,充斥[(+with)]不及物动词vi. 1. 为水淹没;溢出2. (大量地)涌cause名词n. 1. 原因;起因[C][U][(+of)]2. 理由,根据;动机[U][(+for)][+to-v]3. 目标,理想,事业[C]]及物动词vt. 1. 导致,使发生,引起[occur 不及物动词vi. 1. 发生2. 出现;存在;被发现[Q]3. 被想起,被想到,浮现[(+to)]wave名词n. [C]1. 波,波浪2. (手之)挥动,挥手示意3. 浪潮;(情绪的)高涨;(活动等的)高潮[(+of)]4. 【物】波;振动5. (头发的)卷曲,烫发及物动词vt. 1. 对...挥(手、旗等)2. 向...挥手示意;挥手表示(致敬、告别等)[O][O1]3. 使成波形;卷(发),烫(发)不及物动词vi. 1. 挥手(或旗等)示意2. 起伏;摇动;飘扬3. (头发等)呈波形;卷曲ruin名词n. 1. 毁灭;崩溃;毁坏[U]2. (建筑物的)断垣残壁[C]3. 废墟;遗迹[P]4. 倾家荡产;丧失地位;堕落[U]5. 祸因[the S]及物动词vt. 1. 使毁灭;毁坏2. 使成废墟3. 使破产;诱奸不及物动词vi. 1. 毁灭,毁坏2. 变成废墟3. 破产;堕落possibility名词n. 1. 可能性[U][S1][(+of)][+that]2. 可能的事,可能发生的事[C]3. 发展前途,潜在价值[P]4. 【口】合适的人(或事物)[C][(+for)]hopefully副词ad. 1. 怀希望地;抱希望地2. (多用来修饰全句)但愿active形容词a. 1. 活跃的;活泼的2. 积极的;勤奋的3. 在活动中的;在进展中的4. 现役的5. 现行的,有效的6. 【语】主动的[Z]名词n. 1. 积极分子[Cdamage名词n. 1. 损害;损失[U][(+to)]2. 赔偿金[P]3. 【口】费用[the S]及物动词vt. 1. 损害,毁坏strength名词n. 1. 力,力量,力气;实力;效力[U]2. 强度;(酒等的)浓度[U][C]3. 长处[C]4. 人数;兵力[U]cycle名词n. [C]1. 周期;循环;一转2. 整个系列;整个过程3. (表现同一主题等的)一组小说(或戏剧,诗歌等)4. 一段长时期,时代5. 脚踏车;摩托车不及物动词vi. 1. 循环,轮转2. 骑脚踏车(或摩托车)及物动词vt. 1. 使循环,使轮转atmosphere名词n. 1. 大气[the S]2. (某特定场所的)空气[S]3. 气氛[S1]4. 情趣;魅力[U]5. (标准)气压[C]concerned形容词a. 1. 挂虑的,担心的,不安的[(+about/for/over)]2. 有关的;参与的[(+in)]3. 关心的,感兴趣的[(+about/for)][+to-v][+that]major形容词a. 1. 较大的;较多的2. 主要的,重要的;一流的[B]3. 主修的[B]4. 成年的,达到法定年龄的名词n. [C]1成年人,已到法定年龄者3. (大学中的)主修科目4. (大学专业的)主修学生不及物动词vi. 1. 主修[(+in)]urgent形容词a. 1. 紧急的,急迫的2. 催逼的;坚持要求的flight flight1名词n. 1. 飞翔,飞行[C][U]2. (飞机的)班次;(某班次的)飞机;搭机旅行;飞机的航程[C]3. (飞鸟的)群;(飞机的)队[C][(+of)]4. 楼梯(或阶梯)的一段[C]5. (时间的)飞逝;(云等的)快速移动[U]6. (才智,想像力等的)焕发,奔放[C][(+of)]不及物动词vi. 1. (鸟等)成群飞行;(候鸟)迁徙及物动词vt. 1. 射击(飞禽)2. 使(鸟)惊起congratulation名词n. 1. 祝贺,庆贺[U][P][(+on/upon)]2. 祝贺词[P][(+on/upon)]aboard副词ad. 1. 在船(或飞机,车)上;上船(或飞机,车)2. 并排在边上介词prep. 1. 在(船,飞机,车)上;进入,上(船,飞机,车)welcome感叹词int. 1. 欢迎(光临)及物动词vt. 1. 欢迎2. 欣然接受形容词a. 1. 受欢迎的2. 令人愉快的3. 被允许的,可随意使用的名词n. 1. 欢迎,款待;欢迎辞[C]achievement名词n. 1. 达成;完成[U]2. 成就,成绩[C]replace及物动词vt. 1. 把...放回(原处)2. 取代;以...代替[(+with/by)]3. 归还;偿还delighted形容词a. 1. 高兴的,快乐的[(+at/with/by)][+to-v][+(that)]part名词n. 1. 一部分,部分[C][U][(+of)]2. 部,篇;分册,分辑;节,段;集[C]3. 部件,零件[C]4.等分之一,...分之一[C]5. 本分,职责,作用[S]6. (争论、交易等中的)一方[U]7. 角色;台词和动作[C [C]及物动词vt. 1. 使分开,使分离[(+from)]2. 使分成几部分,使分裂3. 将(头发)分线不及物动词vi. 1. 告别,分手[(+as)]2. 分成几部分;断裂3. 【口】出钱;付款副词ad. 1. 部分地,多少,有些形容词 a. 1. 部分的,局部的part-belief名词n. 1. 相信;信任,信赖[U][S][(+in)][+(that)]2. 信念,看法[U][S][+(that)]3. 信仰[C][(+in)]4. 信条,教义[C]evidence名词n. 1. 证据;证词;证人;物证[U][(+of/for)][+that][+to-v]2. 迹象[U][C][(+of)][+(that)]3. 清楚,明显[U]及物动词vt. 1. 证明2. 显示,表明review及物动词vt. 1. 再检查,重新探讨;复审2. 批评,评论3. 回顾,回忆4. 检阅5. 复习,温习不及物动词vi. 1. 写评论,写书评2. 复习功课,温习功课名词n. 1. 再检查;复审[C][U]2.批评,评论[U][C]3. 评论杂志(文章)[C]4. 阅兵[C]5. 复习,温习[U][C]6. 时事讽刺剧;轻松歌剧[C][U]found。
中文翻译The Cross-Section of Expected Stock Returns
The Cross-Section of Expected Stock ReturnsEUGENE F. FAMA and KENNETH R. FRENCH (1992) 摘要：结合两个简单的衡量变量：规模和账面对市价比，获得与市场β、规模、财务杠杆、账面对市价比、收益价格比有关的股票平均回报率横截面变动的关系。
而且，当检验中考虑到β的变动与规模无关时，即使β是唯一解释变量，市场β跟股票平均回报率间的关系是无关的。
Sharpe(1964), Linter(1965), 和 Black(1972)所提出的资产定价模型长期被学术界及实务界用来探讨平均回报率与风险的关系。
这个模型核心预测是财富投资的市场组合是马科维茨提出的均值-方差有效。
效率市场投资组合意味着：(a)证券的预期回报率与市场β（一个证券收益对市场收益的回归斜率）是正的线性函数关系。
(b)市场βs有能力解释预期横截面回报率。
实证上的发现有许多与Sharpe-Lintner-Black(SLB)模型相矛盾的地方。
最突出的是Banz(1981)的规模效应：在给定市场βs下预期股票回报率的横截面，加入市值ME(股票价格乘以流通在外股数)这个解释变量，结果显示在给定他们的β估计下，低市值股票的平均回报率太高；高市值股票的平均回报率则太低。
另一个有关SLB模型的矛盾则是Bhandari(1988)所提出的财务杠杆与平均回报率间的正相关。
财务杠杆与风险及回报率相关看起来似乎合理，但在SLB模型下，财务杠杆风险应已包含于市场β中。
然而Bhandari发现财务杠杆能协助解释包含规模(ME)和β的平均股票回报率的横截面变动。
Stattman(1980), Rosenberg, Reid , and Lanstein (1985)发现美国股票的平均回报率与普通股账面价值(BE)市值(ME)比有正相关。
Chan, Hamao, and Lakonishok(1991)发现账面对市价比(BE/ME)对于解释日本股票的横截面平均回报率也扮演很重要的角色。
sectionc翻译为中文
我的家这是我的家。
在院子中间有一个小花园。
而且花园里有许多美丽的花，但是没有树。
在院子后面有一栋漂亮的房子。
房子里有三个卧室，一个大客厅和一个书房。
我喜欢在书房里玩电脑。
房子旁边有一棵苹果树，一些鸟正在树上唱歌。
院子左边有一个厨房和餐厅。
我们的浴室在院子的右边。
你看见有一个小车在浴室旁边么？那是我父亲的。
我非常爱我的家。
1、section意思是：部分；部门；部件；散件；节；款项；段。
切开；切断；做（动物或植物组织）切片；（依法令精神病人）强制入院治疗。
2、section的读音3、第三人称单数：sections。
4、复数：sections。
5、现在分词sectioning。
6、过去式：sectioned。
7、过去分词：sectioned。
UNIT 6 Topic 2How about exploring the Ming Tombs.让我们去考察十三陵吧,怎么样? P33-Section A 1a Hello! I'd like to speak to Michael. 你好!我想找迈克尔接电话.This is Michael speaking. 我是迈克尔.Oh, Darren! How are you? 噢,是达伦!你好吗?Fine. Glad to receive your postcard. 很好.很高兴收到你的明信片. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams. 你在愉快地游玩时,我正忙着准备考试呢.But now I'm on vacation. 不过现在是假期了.Would you like to come to China for your vacation? 你想来中国度假吗? You bet! And what shall we do? 当然!我们去干些什么呢?Why not explore Beijing on our bicycles? It would be great fun. 为什么不骑自行车去考察北京呢?那会很有趣.Good idea! See you. 好主意!再见.(Forty minutes later, at Kangkang's) （四十分钟后,在康康家）Hey, Kangkang. Darren, my friend from San Francisco, is coming to visit me.嘿,康康.我旧金山的朋友达伦要来拜访我.When he arrives, I'd like you to meet him. 等他到了,我想让你见见他. Great! I'm looking forward to meeting him. 太好了!我正盼着与他见面呢.Before he comes, would you help me making a plan to explore Beijing?在他来之前,你能帮我制定一个考察北京的计划吗?Yes, of course. How about exploring the Ming Tombs? 是的,当然.考察十三陵怎么样?That would be very interesting. 那一定很有趣.P35-Section B 1a Hello, Kangkang. Could you tell me something about the Ming Tombs?你好,康康.你能告诉我一些关于十三陵的事吗?Sure. They are at the foot of the Tianshou Mountains, in the northwest of Beijing.当然.它们在天寿山脚下,位于北京西北部.They must be great. 它们一定很壮观.Yeah. The Tombs spread over an area of 40 square kilometers. 是的.十三陵占地四十多平方公里.The Stone Arch marks the beginning of the Sacred Way to the Tombs. 大石拱门标志着通往陵墓的神道的开端.On both sides of the Way, there are some stone animals and stone officials. 在路的两边,有些石头动物和石头官员.In the old days, only the emperors could ride horses through it. 在过去,只有皇帝可以骑马通过此门.I see. Did most emperors start to build their tombs when they became emperors?我明白了.大多数皇帝在他们当皇帝时就开始建他们的陵墓吗?Yes. They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and had mountains behind them.是的.他们仔细勘查了整个区域,确保这些陵墓是坐北朝南,而且背靠群山.That's interesting! By the way, how far is it from here to the Ming Tombs?那太有趣了!顺便问一下,十三陵离这儿有多远?It's about two and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车大约两个半小时. OK, let's go and explore them. 好的,咱们去考察考察吧.P37-1a.Read and understand After they rode their bikes for two hours and a half, Kangkang, Michael and Darren arrived at the Ming Tombs. 康康,迈克尔和达伦骑了2个半小时车后,到达了十三陵.The parking lot was full of buses, cars, taxis and bicycles, so they had to look for space to park their bikes.停车场里挤满了公交车、汽车、出租车和自行车,所以他们只有找一块空地停放自行车.After they parked their bikes, they walked through the passage into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders.停放好自行车之后,他们穿过通道走进定陵并对那里的奇观感到很惊讶.Darren took out his camera and wanted to take some pictures, 达伦拿出相机,想要拍照,but Kangkang stopped him and said, "No photos here." 但是康康阻止了他：“这儿不许拍照.”As they were exploring happily, the crowd of people became larger and larger.正当他们兴致勃勃地考察时,人群更加拥挤了.While the crowd was pushing him in all directions, someone stepped on Darren's toes .当人群从四面八方挤来时,有人踩到了达伦的脚趾头."Ouch! Don't push!" he shouted. “哎唷!别挤啦!”他大声叫嚷道. When Darren finally pushed his way out, he noticed his friends were both out of sight.当他最后（从人群中）挤出来时,发现他的两个朋友都不见了.He was too frightened to know what to do. 达伦很害怕,不知道该怎么办.His heart was beating fast. 他的心跳得很快.Slowly he walked toward a huge rock beside the road and sat there sadly.他慢慢地朝着路边的一块大岩石走去,然后伤心地坐了下来.He didn't raise his head until someone called him. 直到有人喊他的名字他才抬起头.It was Kangkang. "Oh, Darren! There you are! It's great to see you!"原来是康康.“哦,达伦!你在这儿!见到你太好了!”As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up and down happily.三个男孩一见面,就高兴得跳了起来.P39-Section D Sunday, March 28nd Sunny 星期日,三月二十二日晴It was a fine day today. 今天是个好天气.Darren, Kangkang and I got up early in the morning. 达伦,康康和我一大早就起床了.Then we rode to the Ming Tombs after we checked our bikes and backpacks.在检查了我们的自行车和背包之后我们骑车去了十三陵.After two and a half hours, we arrived at the Great Palace Gate. 两个半小时后,我们到达大宫门.In the old days, even officials had to get off their horses to walk. 在古时候,就是官员也必须下马步行.But now we just paid 30 yuan and rode our bikes along the 7-kilometer Sacred Way.但现在我们只需30元就可以骑自行车穿过7公里长的神道.There are many stone animals along the Way. 沿路有很多石兽.I like them very much, especially the Qilin. 我非常喜欢石兽,尤其是麒麟.It stands for peace in China. 它象征着中国的祥和.After we had lunch, we climbed up the Dragon and Phoenix Gate to take pictures./午饭后,我们爬到龙凤门上拍照.That was a big mistake. 那是一个大错误.A guard came and shouted at us to get off. 一个保安走过来大喊,叫我们下来.We all felt frightened, so we got on our bikes and rode quickly toward the tombs.我们都感到害怕,所以我们骑上自行车,迅速地向陵墓骑去.While we were having fun exploring, I realized Darren was lost. 当我们兴致勃勃地考察时,我发现达伦不见了.Kangkang and I were very worried. We looked for him here and there everywhere./我和康康非常担心.我们到处找他.We even asked a guard for help. Thank goodness! We found him at last.我们甚至请保安帮忙.谢天谢地!最后我们找到了他.We were so excited and happy when we met again. 当我们又见面时是那样的兴奋和高兴.What a special trip! 多么特殊的一次旅行!P40-2a.Grammar focus Adverbial clauses of timeWhile you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams. 你在愉快地游玩时,我正忙着准备考试.When he arrives, I'd like you to meet him. 当他到了,我想让你见见他. Before he comes, would you help me make a paln to explore Beijing?在他来之前,你能帮我制定一个考察北京的计划吗?As they were exploring happily, the crowd of people became larger and larger.正当他们兴致勃勃地考察时,人群更加拥挤了.He didn't raise his head until someone called him. 直到有人喊他他才抬起头来.As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up and down happily.三个男孩一见面,就高兴得跳了起来.Then we rode to the Ming Tombs after we checked our bikes and backpacks.在检查了我们的自行车和背包之后我们骑车去了十三陵.eful expressions You bet! 当然了! Great! 太好了!It would be great fun. 那会很有趣. It's in the southeast of China. 它在中国的东南方.How far is it from here to the Ming Tombs? 十三陵离这儿有多远?It's about two and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车大约两个半小时.Don't push! 别挤啦!It's great to see you! 见到你太好了!We couldn't help playing with them. 我们忍不住要和他们一起玩.I am very satisfied with everything in China. 我对中国的一切都很满意. They walked through the passage into Dingling and were surprised at thewonders.他们穿过通道走进定陵并对那里的奇观感到很惊讶.。
RINEX 3.03部分中文翻译注释
空格
A1 ：1 个
ASCII 字
码
19X ： 19
个空格
PGM / RUN BY / DATE
Name of program creating current file Name of agency creating current file Date and time of file creation Format: yyyymmdd hhmmss zone zone: 3-4 char. code for time zone. 'UTC ' recommended! 'LCL ' if local time with unknown local time system code
DESCRIPTION
FORMAT
RINEX VERSION / TYPE RINEX 版本/类型
Format version : 3.03 File type: O for Observation Data Satellite System:
G: GPS R: GLONASS E: Galileo J: QZSS C: BDS I: IRNSS S: SBAS payload M: Mixed
Azimuth of the zero-direction of a fixed antenna (degrees, from north)
一个固定天线的起始方位角（度数， 从北）
* ANTENNA: ZERODIR XYZ * ANTENNA: ZERODIR XYZ
Zero-direction of antenna Antenna on vehicle: Unit vector in body-fixed coordinate system Tilted antenna on fixed station: Unit vector in N/E/Up left-handed system
century中文翻译
英语单词century的中文翻译及其相关知识一、century的中文翻译英文单词century的中文翻译有以下几种：世纪，指从公元纪年开始算起的每一百年为一个世纪，如公元前8世纪，15世纪等。
百年，指一百年的时间长度，如一百多年来，半个世纪等。
（板球）一百分，指在板球运动中打出一百分的得分，如他打出了一个世纪。
二、century的英语用法century是一个名词，可以用作可数名词或不可数名词。
它的复数形式是centuries。
它可以用来表示时间、历史、文化、艺术、科学等方面的概念。
下面是一些例句：The city centre has scarcely changed in over a century. 市中心在一百多年来几乎没有变化。
Rome was founded in the eighth century BC. 罗马建于公元前8世纪。
He's an expert on 15th-century Italian art. 他是研究15世纪意大利艺术的专家。
She scored a century in the first innings. 她在第一局打出了一个世纪。
century还可以用来表示世纪之交的时间点，即一个世纪结束而另一个世纪开始的时刻。
这时可以用the turn of the century这个短语，如：The museum reopened at the turn of the century. 这座博物馆在世纪之交重新开放。
三、century的英语发音century的英语发音有两种变体，分别是英式发音和美式发音。
它们的音标分别是：英式发音：/ˈsen.tʃ ə r.i/美式发音：/ˈsen.tʃ ə r.i/它们的发音规则如下：第一个音节sen重读，发清辅音/s/和鼻音/n/，后接前元音/e/。
第二个音节tʃ发爆破音/t/和擦音/tʃ/，后接中元音/ə/。
第三个音节r发颤音/r/和元音/i/。
C编译器错误信息中文翻译
I．Compiling ——compile 编译II．fatal error ——重大错误III．Error executing ——执行错误IV．syntax error ——语法错误1．Expression syntax error ——表达式语法错误2．Declaration syntax error ——声明中出现语法错误3．Compound statement missing{ ——复合语句漏掉"{"4．Illegal character ``x`` ——非法字符x5．undeclared identifier ——未定义的标识符6．redeclaration of ``xxx`` ——重复定义了xxx7．Declaration missing ; ——声明缺少"；"8．Cannot open include file: 'iostram.h': No such file or directory ——打不开包含文件'iostram.h'：没有这个文件或者路径错误9．Could not find file ``xxx`` ——找不到XXX文件10．missing ';' before identifier 'cout' ——在标识符'cout' 之前缺少';'11．unexpected end of file found ——找不到文件结束12．unresolved external symbol _main ——缺少主函数main13．missing ')' before '{' ——在'{' 之前缺少')'14．Call to function with no prototype ——调用函数时没有声明函数15．Call of non-function ——调用未定义的函数16．Function should return a value ——函数必需返回一个值17．Type mismatch in parameter xxx ——参数xxx类型不匹配18．Do statement must have while ——Do-while语句中缺少while部分19．Argument list syntax error ——参数表语法错误20．Division by zero ——用零作除数21．Array size toolarge ——数组尺寸太大22．Case outside of switch ——漏掉了case 语句23．Misplaced break ——此处不应出现break语句24．Code has no effect ——代码执行不到25．Constant expression required ——要求常量表达式26．Constant out of range in comparison ——在比较中常量超出范围27．writing output file ——写输出文件错误28．Unable to create output file ``xxx`` ——无法建立输出文件xxx 29．Illegal initialization ——非法的初始化30．Illegal use of floating point ——非法的浮点运算31．Illegal use of pointer ——指针使用非法32．Incompatible type conversion ——不相容的类型转换33．Lvalue required ——需要逻辑值0或非0值34．Macro argument syntax error ——宏参数语法错误35．Mismatched number of parameters in definition ——定义中参数个数不匹配36．Bad character in paramenters ——参数中有不适当的字符37．Bad file name format in include directive ——包含命令中文件名格式不正确38．Conversion may lose significant digits ——转换时会丢失意义的数字39．Out of memory ——内存不够用40．Parameter ``xxx`` is never used ——参数xxx没有用到41．``x xx`` is assigned a value which is never used ——xxx定义了但没有使用42．Possible use of ``xxx`` before definition ——在定义之前就使用了xxx（警告）43．Possibly incorrect assignment ——赋值可能不正确Ambiguous operators need parentheses -----------不明确的运算需要用括号括起Ambiguous symbol ''xxx'' ----------------不明确的符号Argument list syntax error ----------------参数表语法错误Array bounds missing ------------------丢失数组界限符Array size toolarge -----------------数组尺寸太大Bad character in paramenters ------------------参数中有不适当的字符Bad file name format in include directive --------------------包含命令中文件名格式不正确Bad ifdef directive synatax ------------------------------编译预处理ifdef有语法错Bad undef directive syntax ---------------------------编译预处理undef有语法错Bit field too large ----------------位字段太长Call of non-function -----------------调用未定义的函数Call to function with no prototype ---------------调用函数时没有函数的说明Cannot modify a const object ---------------不允许修改常量对象Case outside of switch ----------------漏掉了case 语句Case syntax error ------------------ Case 语法错误Code has no effect -----------------代码不可述不可能执行到Compound statement missing{ --------------------分程序漏掉"{"Conflicting type modifiers ------------------不明确的类型说明符Constant expression required ----------------要求常量表达式Constant out of range in comparison -----------------在比较中常量超出范围Conversion may lose significant digits -----------------转换时会丢失意义的数字Conversion of near pointer not allowed -----------------不允许转换近指针Could not find file ''xxx'' -----------------------找不到XXX文件Declaration missing ; ----------------说明缺少"；" houjiumingDeclaration syntax error -----------------说明中出现语法错误Default outside of switch ------------------ Default 出现在switch语句之外Define directive needs an identifier ------------------定义编译预处理需要标识符Division by zero ------------------用零作除数Do statement must have while ------------------ Do-while语句中缺少while部分Enum syntax error ---------------------枚举类型语法错误Enumeration constant syntax error -----------------枚举常数语法错误Error directive :xxx ------------------------错误的编译预处理命令Error writing output file ---------------------写输出文件错误Expression syntax error -----------------------表达式语法错误Extra parameter in call ------------------------调用时出现多余错误File name too long ----------------文件名太长Function call missing -----------------函数调用缺少右括号Fuction definition out of place ------------------函数定义位置错误Fuction should return a value ------------------函数必需返回一个值Goto statement missing label ------------------ Goto语句没有标号Hexadecimal or octal constant too large ------------------16进制或8进制常数太大Illegal character ''x'' ------------------非法字符xIllegal initialization ------------------非法的初始化Illegal octal digit ------------------非法的8进制数字houjiumingIllegal pointer subtraction ------------------非法的指针相减Illegal structure operation ------------------非法的结构体操作Illegal use of floating point -----------------非法的浮点运算Illegal use of pointer --------------------指针使用非法Improper use of a typedefsymbol ----------------类型定义符号使用不恰当In-line assembly not allowed -----------------不允许使用行间汇编Incompatible storage class -----------------存储类别不相容Incompatible type conversion --------------------不相容的类型转换Incorrect number format -----------------------错误的数据格式Incorrect use of default --------------------- Default使用不当Invalid indirection ---------------------无效的间接运算Invalid pointer addition ------------------指针相加无效Irreducible expression tree -----------------------无法执行的表达式运算Lvalue required ---------------------------需要逻辑值0或非0值Macro argument syntax error -------------------宏参数语法错误Macro expansion too long ----------------------宏的扩展以后太长Mismatched number of parameters in definition ---------------------定义中参数个数不匹配Misplaced break ---------------------此处不应出现break语句Misplaced continue ------------------------此处不应出现continue语句Misplaced decimal point --------------------此处不应出现小数点Misplaced elif directive --------------------不应编译预处理elifMisplaced else ----------------------此处不应出现else houjiumingMisplaced else directive ------------------此处不应出现编译预处理else Misplaced endif directive -------------------此处不应出现编译预处理endifMust be addressable ----------------------必须是可以编址的Must take address of memory location ------------------必须存储定位的地址No declaration for function ''xxx'' -------------------没有函数xxx的说明No stack ---------------缺少堆栈No type information ------------------没有类型信息Non-portable pointer assignment --------------------不可移动的指针（地址常数）赋值Non-portable pointer comparison --------------------不可移动的指针（地址常数）比较Non-portable pointer conversion ----------------------不可移动的指针（地址常数）转换Not a valid expression format type ---------------------不合法的表达式格式Not an allowed type ---------------------不允许使用的类型Numeric constant too large -------------------数值常太大Out of memory -------------------内存不够用houjiumingParameter ''xxx'' is never used ------------------能数xxx没有用到Pointer required on left side of -> -----------------------符号->的左边必须是指针Possible use of ''xxx'' before definition -------------------在定义之前就使用了xxx（警告）Possibly incorrect assignment ----------------赋值可能不正确Redeclaration of ''xxx'' -------------------重复定义了xxxRedefinition of ''xxx'' is not identical ------------------- xxx的两次定义不一致Register allocation failure ------------------寄存器定址失败Repeat count needs an lvalue ------------------重复计数需要逻辑值Size of structure or array not known ------------------结构体或数给大小不确定Statement missing ; ------------------语句后缺少"；"Structure or union syntax error --------------结构体或联合体语法错误Structure size too large ----------------结构体尺寸太大Sub scripting missing ] ----------------下标缺少右方括号Superfluous & with function or array ------------------函数或数组中有多余的"&" Suspicious pointer conversion ---------------------可疑的指针转换Symbol limit exceeded ---------------符号超限Too few parameters in call -----------------函数调用时的实参少于函数的参数不Too many default cases ------------------- Default太多(switch语句中一个)Too many error or warning messages --------------------错误或警告信息太多Too many type in declaration -----------------说明中类型太多houjiumingToo much auto memory in function -----------------函数用到的局部存储太多Too much global data defined in file ------------------文件中全局数据太多Two consecutive dots -----------------两个连续的句点Type mismatch in parameter xxx ----------------参数xxx类型不匹配Type mismatch in redeclaration of ''xxx'' ---------------- xxx重定义的类型不匹配Unable to create output file ''xxx'' ----------------无法建立输出文件xxx Unable to open include file ''xxx'' ---------------无法打开被包含的文件xxx Unable to open input file ''xxx'' ----------------无法打开输入文件xxx Undefined label ''xxx'' -------------------没有定义的标号xxxUndefined structure ''xxx'' -----------------没有定义的结构xxxUndefined symbol ''xxx'' -----------------没有定义的符号xxxUnexpected end of file in comment started on line xxx ----------从xxx行开始的注解尚未结束文件不能结束Unexpected end of file in conditional started on line xxx ----从xxx 开始的条件语句尚未结束文件不能结束Unknown assemble instruction ----------------未知的汇编结构houjiumingUnknown option ---------------未知的操作Unknown preprocessor directive: ''xxx'' -----------------不认识的预处理命令xxx Unreachable code ------------------无路可达的代码Unterminated string or character constant -----------------字符串缺少引号User break ----------------用户强行中断了程序Void functions may not return a value ----------------- Void类型的函数不应有返回值Wrong number of arguments -----------------调用函数的参数数目错''xxx'' not an argument ----------------- xxx不是参数''xxx'' not part of structure -------------------- xxx不是结构体的一部分xxx statement missing ( -------------------- xxx语句缺少左括号xxx statement missing ) ------------------ xxx语句缺少右括号xxx statement missing ; -------------------- xxx缺少分号houjiumingxxx'' declared but never used -------------------说明了xxx但没有使用xxx'' is assigned a value which is never used ----------------------给xxx赋了值但未用过Zero length structure ------------------结构体的长度为零。
2020考研英语词汇：argument的中文翻译解析
2020考研英语词汇：argument的中文翻译解析 考研英语有许多题目组成，方便大家及时了解，下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2020考研英语词汇：argument 的中文翻译解析”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯! 2020考研英语词汇：argument的中文翻译解析 argument的中文意思 名词 1.[C,U]争论，争吵，争辩，辩论 2.可数名词：论据，理由，论点 3.不可数名词：辩论 单词分析 这组名词均有“争执、不和”之意。
controversy侧重指深刻的意见分歧，多指对引起广泛兴趣或非常重要的问题的辨论。
argument指辩论双方均以事实或理由来说服对方的辨论。
conflict指双方坚持已见、互不妥协，怀有敌意的争论，多暗示分歧极为严重，有时用语言无法解决，只得诉诸武力。
debate通常指经过仔细组织和计划的个人或团体之间的辩论。
dispute普通用词，侧重指长时间，言词激烈，针锋相对的争辩。
quarrel普通用词，既可指言词激烈的争吵，也可指温和的言词上的不和。
strife指因不可缓和的矛盾而引起的争吵或斗殴。
英语解释 a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true a discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal a variable in a logical or mathematical expression whose value determines the dependent variable; if f(x)=y, x is the independent variable a summary of the subject or plot of a literary work or play or movie 例句 Indeed, she had quite a long argument with the lory, who at last turned sulky, and would only say, `I am older than you, and must know better' 你瞧，爱丽丝已经同鹦鹉辩论了好长时间了，最后鹦鹉生气了，一个劲儿地说:“我比你年龄大，也就肯定比你知道得多。
九上英语人教第五单元3a翻译
九上英语人教第五单元3a翻译摘要：I.引言A.介绍九上英语人教第五单元3a 的内容B.强调翻译的重要性II.3a 课文概述A.介绍故事背景B.概述故事情节III.翻译技巧A.直译与意译的运用B.词汇翻译C.语法翻译IV.翻译实践A.给出课文的中文翻译B.分析翻译过程中的难点V.结论A.总结翻译的方法和技巧B.强调翻译在英语学习中的重要性正文：I.引言九上英语人教第五单元3a 的课文讲述了一个有趣的故事。
在学习这篇课文的过程中，翻译是一个重要的环节。
通过翻译，我们可以更好地理解课文内容，提高英语水平。
II.3a 课文概述这篇课文讲述了一个名叫李明的中国学生在美国一所中学学习的故事。
故事中，李明努力适应美国学校的生活，结交了新朋友，并参加了一些课外活动。
通过这个故事，我们不仅可以学习到一些实用的英语表达，还可以了解到中美国校园文化的差异。
III.翻译技巧在翻译过程中，我们需要灵活运用直译与意译。
直译是指将原文逐字逐句地翻译成目标语言，而意译则是根据原文的意思进行翻译。
在翻译九上英语人教第五单元3a 的过程中，我们需要在保持原文意义的基础上，尽量做到语言通顺、自然。
此外，词汇翻译和语法翻译也是翻译过程中不可忽视的环节。
词汇翻译要求我们准确地把握原文中的关键词汇，用恰当的目标语言词汇进行替换。
语法翻译则要求我们根据目标语言的语法规则，对原文的句子结构进行调整。
IV.翻译实践以下是九上英语人教第五单元3a 的课文中文翻译：李明是一名来自中国的学生，他来到了美国的一所中学学习。
刚开始，他感到有些不适应，因为这里的生活方式与他在中国的生活有很大的不同。
然而，他很快就结识了一些新朋友，并参加了一些课外活动，如足球俱乐部和戏剧社。
通过参加这些活动，他不仅提高了自己的英语水平，还了解到了美国的文化和习俗。
V.结论通过翻译九上英语人教第五单元3a 的课文，我们可以更好地理解故事内容，提高英语水平。
在翻译过程中，我们要注意直译与意译的结合，同时关注词汇翻译和语法翻译。
C语言实现翻译功能
C语⾔实现翻译功能本⽂实例为⼤家分享了C语⾔实现翻译功能的具体代码，供⼤家参考，具体内容如下#include<stdio.h>#define number 100struct date{char chinese[30];char English[30];}a[number];void copy(char *str1, char *str2, int counst)//将值赋给trans{int i = 0;if (str2 == ' ' || str2 == '\0'){return;}while (counst--){*str1++ = *str2++;}return;}int panduan(char *d, char *f)//判断是否相等{char *str1 = d, *str2 = f;int xc=0;while (!(xc = *str2 - *str1)&&*str1){str1++;str2++;}if (xc != 0){return 0;}return 1;}char* ry( struct date a[number],char *wordtemp,int x){for (int i = 0;i<x; i++){if (panduan(a[i].English, wordtemp)){return a[i].chinese;}}return "NULL";}int main(){char b;int x;int exit=0;char str[50];printf("[请先输⼊英⽂单词，再输⼊拼⾳，中间以空格隔开，当输⼊*时结束]\n");for (int i=0;; i++){printf("第[%d]组：\t", i+1);scanf("%[^' ']", a[i].English);scanf("%c", &b);scanf("%[^\n]", a[i].chinese);scanf("%c", &b);if (*a[i].English == '*'&&*a[i].chinese == '*'){x = i;break;}}printf("[请输⼊你所要翻译的内容]\n");scanf("%[^\n]", str);printf("|翻译的结果为|:\n");for (int i = 0;; i++){if (str[i] != ' '){char Trans[100];int n = 0;if(str[i]!=' '){while (!(str[i] == ' ' || str[i] == '\0')){n++;i++;if (str[i] == '\0'){exit = 1;}}copy(Trans, &str[i - n], n);Trans[n] = '\0';printf("[%s]", ry(a,Trans,x));}if (exit){break;}}}system("pause");}以上就是本⽂的全部内容，希望对⼤家的学习有所帮助，也希望⼤家多多⽀持。
view中文翻译
view的中文释义及用法noun●想法opinion1 [C] ~ (about/on sth)（个人的）看法，意见，见解；态度a personal opinion about sth; an attitude towards sth to have different/conflicting/opposing views 有不同的/ 矛盾的/ 相反的观点to have strong political views 持强硬的政治观点Eg：His views on the subject were well known.他对这个问题的看法众所周知。
This evidence supports the view that there is too much violence on television.这一证据对电视节目中暴力太多的观点予以支持。
We take the view that it would be wrong to interfere.我们所持的态度是：干涉是错误的。
In my view it was a waste of time.依我看，这是浪费时间。
What is needed is a frank exchange of views .需要的是坦诚地交换意见。
●see also point of view 理解方式way of understanding2 [sing.] ~ (of sth)（理解或思维的）方法，方式a way of understanding or thinking about sthEg：He has an optimistic view of life.他乐观地看待人生。
the Christian view of the world 基督教的世界观Eg：The traditional view was that marriage was meant to last.传统的观念是结成夫妻就要白头到老。
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地球健康的网络建模
背景：社会对发展和使用能够预测地球生态和环境健康的模型感兴趣。
很多科学研究已经得出结论，地球的生态和环境压力正在变得越来越大，但是却很少有模型能够验证这些观点。
联合国支持的《千年生态系统评估同步报告》发现，几乎三分之二的能够支持生命的生态系统，包括干净的水，纯净的空气和稳定的天气，由于不可持续的使用而恶化。
人类要对这些破坏负主要责任。
对食物，淡水，燃料和木材的需求不断上升，这导致了环境的剧烈变化，从燃烧森林开荒到空气、陆地和水污染。
除了某些针对当地居住环境和地区因素的研究以外，现行的研究不能为政策制定者提供足够的信息，以说明地区政策对地球整体健康的影响。
很多研究忽略了复杂的全球因素，不能指明潜在政策的长期影响。
尽管科学家们意识到了，种种环境和生态系统之间的复杂关系和交叉影响会对地球生物圈产生影响，但现行的模型常忽视并简化这些关系。
环境复杂性体现在多种交互，反馈环路，紧急行为，和迫近的状态变化或临界点。
最近的自然杂志发表了22为国家知名的科学家的文章，《应对地球生物圈的状态转变》，列出了很多问题，都需要科学的模型，以及对地球健康系统潜在状态变化的预测。
他们对更好的预测模型提出了两个特别的模型量化要求。
1）要通过一个全球模型来改进生物预测。
这个模型要能反映由于地球上各系统间的交叉影响而带来的复杂性，以及地区条件和全球系统之间的相互影响。
2）要找出导致不健康的全球状态变化的因素，指明如何有效使用生态系统管理来防止或减少这些迫近的变化。
由此提出本课题的问题：我们能否利用地球健康的本地或地区性参数，建立一个全球模型，来预测潜在的状态变化，以政策对地球健康的潜在影响为基础，帮助政策制定者设计出有效的政策。
尽管许多警示性的信号已经出现，没人知道地球是否已经在全球范围内逼近了临界点，以及这样一个极端的状态是否是不可避免的。
要求：
ICM很快将主办一次名为《网络和地球健康》的研讨会。
作为ICM的成员，你的研究团队负责人要求你们在会前进行数学建模建立和分析，完成以下任务：
要求1
通过确定影响地球健康某一方面的本土因素（网络节点），并且通过恰当的方式把这些节点关联起来（网络链接）进行关系和属性影响的跟踪分析，在此基础上建立一个动态的全球网络模型。
由于这些影响是动态变化的，因此重要的一点是，该模式必须包括能够对该健康状况未来发展势头进行预测的动态时间因素。
比如，你的节点可能是国家，大陆，海洋，栖息地，等因素或以上几个因素的结合，这些因素共同构成一个全球模型。
你的链接可能代表随时间变化而变化的节点影响或环境影响，或物理因素（比如污染）的走势。
你所参照的地球健康因子可以是包括人口、生物、环境、社会、政治、物理和（或）化学在内的地球状态的任何要素。
一定要明确定义你的模型中的所有要素，并且解释你在建模过程中界定网络建构考量因素、节点实体和链接特性的科学依据。
如果有足够的数据的话，
确定一个方法来设定参数和解释你如何测试你所建立的模型。
什么类型的数据可以用来证明或验证你所建立的模型的有效性？（注意：如果你缺乏必要的数据来确定参数或进行验证，请不要否决你的模式。
你的导师确信，在这个阶段，有创意的想法和理论和有充分数据支持验证的模型同样重要。
）请在模型中考虑人的因素，并解释人类的行为和政府的政策会在什么方面影响你的模型结果。
要求2：运行你的模型，观察它是如何预测未来地球的健康的。
对通常从数据中中确定出的参数，你可能需要进行评估。
（注意：这只是测试和理解你的模型中的元素，而不是用它来预测或决策。
）
你的模型会得出哪些影响因子？
你的模型能预测地球状况的状态变化或临界点吗？
如果本地条件变化引起全球变化，你的模型能为此提供预警吗？
你的模型能为重要政策的制定者提供参考吗？
在你的解决方案里和网络特征中，你考虑到人的因素了吗？
要求3：使用网络建模的一个重要优势在于你的分析网络结构的能力。
网络特征能否识别关键结点或你的模型中的关系？如果可以，请演示这种分析。
对于缺失环节或变化中的关系，你的模型的敏感度如何？
你的模型使用反馈环或者考虑不确定性了吗？
数据收集的问题是什么？
你的模型是否对各种政府政策做出了反应？它能否有助于计划的制定？
要求4：拟定一篇20页的报告（不包括总结页）来解释你的模型和它的应用前景。
确保指出你的模型的优点和缺点。
在不久以后的研究会上，你的指导教师将以你的报告作为主题，如果你的报告中对于地球健康建模切题，且有独到的见解，你的指导教师将受邀在即将举行的研讨会上发言。
祝你在网络建模工作中取得好成绩。
可能对你有用的参考资料和文献：。