二轮培优测试8
外研版九年级英语上册Module 8 培优测试卷含答案
外研版九年级英语上册Module 8 培优测试卷第一部分听力(四大题，20分)一、短对话理解(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)1. What does the woman suggest?2. What sport does George like?3. Who is playing basketball?A. Carla.B. Mario.C. Bill.4. What sport does Ben enjoy?A. Swimming.B. Playing tennis.C. Playing volleyball.5. What did the man think of the football game?A. He liked it very much.B. It wasn't exciting.C. He regretted missing the end.二、长对话理解(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面一段对话，回答第6、7小题。
6. Which sport does the girl enjoy?A. Swimming.B. Running.C. Playing table tennis.7. Where will they meet?A. In the school.B. In the park.C. In the sports center.听下面一段对话，回答第8至10小题。
8. What team will the school set up?A. A basketball team.B. A soccer team.C. A swimming team.9. How many students will be chosen from each class?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.10. When will the first match be held?A. This afternoon.B. Tomorrow morning.C. Tomorrow afternoon.三、短文理解(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)11. What's the speaker mainly talking about?A. Outdoor sports.B. Indoor activities.C. Sports camp plans.12. Which of the following aren't mentioned in the passage?A. Gloves.B. Shorts.C. Sports suits.13. How many pairs of sports shoes does each child need?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.14. How long is the lunchtime?A. 1 hour.B. 2 hours.C. 1. 5 hours.15. Where do they buy snacks?A. In a sports center.B. In a supermarket.C. In a shopping center.四、信息转换(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)第二部分语言知识运用(三大题，35分)五、单项填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)21. I want to keep my old things because they bring back sweet ____. They canalways remind me of my childhood.A. explanationsB. memoriesC. thoughtsD. changes22. —Mum, must I be a teacher like you when I grow up?—No, you needn't. You can make your own ____.A. differenceB. discussionC. discoveryD. decision23. —Less than 60 points? Oh Pat, be ____；the poor girl's trying her best!—Do you mean I'm not a good judge?A. fairB. patientC. strictD. calm24. The restaurant is popular ____ teenagers because its food is cheap and delicious.A. withoutB. duringC. amongD. across25. —I really like this movie about Chinese history.—So do I. From it, I have learned that we Chinese always have ____ to face difficulties.A. courageB. agreementC. expressionD. influence26. We still know little about the moon ____ men have landed on it.A. butB. thoughC. becauseD. if27. —Which teacher will you miss the most after graduation?—Mrs. Chen. She encouraged me a lot when I ____ the English exam.A. failB. was failingC. failedD. have failed28. It's a long time! I can't remember when this picture ____ in Xuanwu Lake Park.A. was takenB. takeC. is takenD. took29. —Smoking is bad for people's health.—That's true. A report says that lots of smokers are ____ lung disease.A. suffering fromB. getting fromC. coming fromD. leaving from30. —Dad, may I watch TV this evening?—____ You have watched it for a whole day.A. No way!B. Of course.C. All right.D. Nice work.六、完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)AFor most children, the most useful way of spending their time is playing a game. It doesn't matter __31__ the game is. Things become better when they need a(n) __32__ to play with. On the one hand, it is quite __33__ for the development of a child's personality(个性) and helps him to __34__ the best ways to compete. On theother hand, if a child only cares about __35__，then for him, playing a game is funny only when he wins. Or if he finds a better partner, he will get __36__ and he doesn't want to go on playing.It's parents' __37__ to make their children know that: you can't always win and there are many unpleasant moments __38__ when you have to learn how to lose. The idea is to compete, to prove you are good, not only to win.In a word, playing a game is funny __39__ you enjoy it and try your best to win. If you are just a little bit unlucky, don't __40__ a lot. You will surely prove your abilities some other day.31. A. how B. whyC. whatD. when32. A. owner B. workerC. studentD. partner33. A. useful B. simpleC. correctD. special34. A. pay attention B. take pride inC. jump out ofD. think of35. A. playing B. studyingC. winningD. losing36. A. unhappy B. lonelyC. relaxedD. excited37. A. rule B. dutyC. planD. habit38. A. in life B. in the endC. in timeD. in the way39. A. or B. andC. whenD. before40. A. worry B. believeC. wishD. imagineBIf you are a football fan, you have probably seen referees(裁判)show yellow or red cards. These cards have been __41__ in football for more than 50 years. A yellow card is used to warn a player. A red card, on the other hand, __42__ a player being sent off.A few years ago, the Portuguese Football Federation introduced the use of __43__ cards. You might think that a white card must be for something even __44__. But in fact, it is used to praise good __45__ in football matches. The FPF hopes that the white card will encourage sportsmanship and __46__ matches.On January 21, a football match was held in Lisbon, Portugal. It was between two women's football teams. Catarina Campos was the __47__ of the match. During the match, a football fan there fell ill. Medical workers of both teams __48__ went to treat this person. After that, Catarina Campos held up a white card. The card was used to praise the work of the medical __49__. Seeing that, many fans in the match __50__ and applauded(鼓掌).Portugal is the only country that has introduced the white card in football. Do you think more countries should copy this idea?41. A. used B. storedC. mixedD. searched42. A. depends on B. results inC. looks forD. wakes up43. A. purple B. yellowC. redD. white44. A. less B. worseC. earlierD. simpler45. A. acts B. numbersC. plansD. programs46. A. lively B. privateC. fairD. funny47. A. host B. refereeC. coachD. player48. A. quickly B. bravelyC. politelyD. proudly49. A. university B. companyC. researchD. team50. A. cheered B. doubtedC. regrettedD. separated七、补全对话(有两项多余)(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分) A: Look! Those young children are playing ping-pong so well.B: Yes, ping-pong is popular with people of all ages in our country. A: 51. ________B: No. It's said that it was first played in England in the 1800s.A: Wow, it really has a long history. 52. ________B: China, Japan, Australia, Germany and Russia. 53. ________ A: That's right! They're really excellent.B: 54. ________A: Good idea. I know you're good at it. 55. ______B: How about this Sunday afternoon?A: OK! See you then.第三部分阅读(两节，40分)八、阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)第一节:A) and the top three winners56. Players of the event have to sign up by ____.A. May 27thB. May 17thC. June 1stD. June 14th57. People who want to find out the results of the lucky draw may ____.A. visit the websiteB. check their emailC. make a phone callD. receive messages58. What's the main purpose of the event?A. To encourage people to jog every day.B. To teach people how to make friends.C. To let people visit the community clubs.D. To help people keep fit and live healthily.BTeenager Jake Denham was skiing (滑雪) with his family in the USA when he fell over and lost one of his skis. His family didn't know that he had a problem. They kept on skiing. When they got to the foot of the mountain, there was no sign of Jake.Jake couldn't find his ski anywhere. In the end, he decided to take off his other ski and walk down the mountain. But he couldn't work out the right way to go.It was now getting dark and he was a long way from any place of safety. He knew that he might die that night in the cold temperatures. But Jake kept calm (镇定的). At home，Jake watched a lot of TV programmes about living in difficult situations. He remembered the advice from these programmes and knew that he should build a hole in the snow. He made a hole and pointed it up the hill so the wind couldn't blow into it. Outside his hole, the temperature fell to －15℃that night, but inside it Jake was safe from the cold.But he had to get down the mountain. The TV programmes always said，“If you are lost, you should find someone else's tracks (足迹) through the snow and follow them. ” “I wanted to live my life，” remembers Jake. “So I got up and I found some ski tracks and I followed those. ” He walked and walked and finally he saw l ights. Nine hours after he lost his ski, he found a team of workers who came to save him. He was safe!His mum was very happy when she heard the news. Amazingly, Jake didn't even have to go to hospital. He got through the terrible experience without any injuries.So，the next time someone says that watching TV is a waste of time, think of Jake. Sometimes TV can save your life.59. Jake's parents didn't know that he was missing until____.A. they reached the foot of the mountainB. they began to ski down the mountainC. a team of workers found JakeD. Jake lost one of his skis60. What was the most important decision Jake made for his safety?A. To go skiing with his family in the USA.B. To search for the ski that he had lost in the snow.C. To take off his other ski and walk down the mountain.D. To build a hole in the snow to keep himself warm.61. What was the correct order in which these events happened?a. Jake made a hole in the snow.b. Jake lost one of his skis.c. Jake finally saw lights.d. Jake skied with his family.A. d—b—a—cB. a—b—c—dC. b—a—d—cD. c—b—a—d62. Facing the difficulties, Jake was____.A. polite and hard-workingB. calm and cleverC. outgoing and helpfulD. warm and friendlyCAt some point in our lives during c hildhood, we were told to “jump more” in order to grow taller. A couple in China encouraged their 12-year-old son to jump 1，000 times a day. They offered him 10 yuan for every 1，000 jumps he did. Why would the parents want their child to jump a thousand times every single day? This kid was 145 cm, and the average height for kids of that age was 152 cm. As typical Asian parents, they wanted him to grow taller and they also believed that jumping could help.The boy's father gave him a jump rope and managed to convince (说服) him to start jumping. From that day on, he used the jump rope every day unless he fell sick,and he even jumped up to 3，000 times per day. After one whole year of jumping, the parents rewarded him with a total of 4，000 yuan. However, the boy not only did not grow taller, but he ended up being the shortest student in his class.It turned out that he had been spending the money that he earned on unhealthy snacks like potato chips! This explained why he often lost his appetite (食欲) at the dinn er table and the “unexplainable” weight gain. His parents thought he was going through a hard time with study, but he was actually just snacking endlessly.Learning from this clear example, parents should really just accept that height is affected by not only doing proper sports but also the parents' genes, and a healthy, balanced diet.63. Why did the parents ask their kid to jump more?A. To build up his body.B. To let their kid lose weight.C. To let their kid grow taller.D. To give him more pocket money.64. What surprised the parents?A. Their kid almost jumped every day.B. Their kid fell ill because of jumping rope.C. Their kid became taller and taller.D. Their kid became the shortest one in his class.65. Why did the boy eat less at the dinner table?A. Because he ate too many snacks.B. Because he didn't like the food at home.C. Because he wasn't good at his study.D. Because he got hurt while jumping.DEvery day in newspapers and magazines there are articles telling us we should exercise more. And scientists now say that running is one of the best ways to keep fit. It can make you feel better and look better. Some say it can even make you live longer.All you need for running are some comfortable clothes and a pair of trainers(运动鞋). And remember you should always buy trainers for running one size larger than your usual shoes.Some people find running tiresome,__so go cycling or swimming instead sometimes. Also, you shouldn't exercise every day. It's very important to rest two or three times a week. You should eat well and drink lots of water and you can still have nice things like chocolate sometimes.If you are a beginner, there are lots of ways to make exercise fun. You can join a club or exercise with a friend. Another idea is to enter a race. This can give you a reason to train and keep you interested in running.66. How many advantages of running are mentioned in the first paragraph?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Five.67. How can we make the exercise fun according to the text?①By joining a club.②By exercising with a friend.③By competing with others.④By setting a goal.A. ①②③B. ①③④C. ①②④D. ②③④68. What does the underlined word “tiresome” mean?A. Interesting.B. Boring.C. Helpful.D. Difficult.69. In which part of a magazine can we read the text?A. Business.B. Science.C. Medical care.D. Sports.EHave you ever jumped on a trampoline(蹦床)? Today many peopleuse it for exercise.Back in the 1980s, researchers found that jumping on a trampoline was a good way to help astronauts regain their strength. Actually, trampolining has many advantages. It helps bones and muscles grow and improves your balance by stimulating the inner ear. It is especially useful for increasing the flow of the lymphatic (淋巴的) system, which helps your body get rid of harmful toxins. Trampolining has benefits similar to those of running, but without too much stress on knees or ankles.If you would like to start trampolining, you may first need to ask a doctor to make sure it's a safe activity for you. It's easy to find an inexpensive trampoline, but it should be well-made and strong enough to support your weight. To avoid accidents, some trampolines have a safety net around them. Remember: whenever you are on a trampoline, be careful not to jump near the edge of it.Here are a few exercises for beginners:•High Knee Lift. Raise one knee at a time. Lift your knee higher than you usually do when you are running.•Star Jump. Jump into the air and spread your arms and legs into a star shape. As you gain more confidence, practice more difficult levels.•Tuck Jump. At the top of your jump, bring the knees to the chest, with the arms holding the legs.•Pike Jump. Jump high, bring the legs up, and point the toes forward. Touch your toes with hands.There are many more exercises you can try. Happy trampolining!70. According to the passage, what benefit can we get from trampolining?A. It helps with bone growth.B. It cures illnesses in our knees.C. It helps reduce stress on muscles.D. It prevents ears from being hurt.71. How can we do trampolining safely?A. By buying an expensive trampoline.B. By jumping in the center of a trampoline.C. By choosing a trampoline without a net.D. By losing weight before starting trampolining.72. This passage introduces____.A. an exercise to improve our fitnessB. an exercise to gain self-confidenceC. a way to keep balance when we jumpD. a way to avoid accidents when we exercise第二节:阅读下面的短文，并用英语回答问题(请注意每小题后面的词数要求)。
外研版八年级英语下册Module 2 培优测试卷含答案
外研版八年级英语下册Module 2 培优测试卷60分钟100分一、单项选择(每小题1.5 分, 共15 分)1. — Before I go to the competition, I want to know the _______.—The winner can get a gold medal.A. priceB. prizeC. reasonD. exam2. [2023 青岛市南区月考] I like the computer but it is too expensive. I can’t_______ it.A. cleanB. driveC. startD. afford3. After school we spent much time practicing playing basketball hard in order to_______ Class Five.A. winB. beatC. loseD. catch4. [2023 天津河西区质检] He can speak four languages. He finds it fun to _______them.A. mixB. moveC. missD. buy5. [2023 云南] China is one of _______ countries in the world. We are all proud of it.A. olderB. the olderC. oldestD. the oldest6. —Did you go out with Mike last night?—Yes. He invited me _______ a new movie.A. watchB. to watchC. watchedD. watching7. When the teacher entered the classroom, we were talking loudly. The teacher askedus to stop _______.A. talkingB. to talkC. talkedD. talk8. [2023 河北] This book must be great. My sister _______ it five times.A. readsB. has readC. is readingD. was reading9. [2023 天津河东区期中] He likes trying lots of new activities, _______ climbing,sailing and playing the piano.A. as well asB. such asC. as soon asD. and so on10. [2022 合肥瑶海区质检]—We lost 3 points in the football competition.—_______. But never say die!A. That sounds wonderfulB. It’s your lucky dayC. That’s a pityD. Sure, no problem二、完形填空(每小题1.5 分, 共15 分)I went to Beijing to study Chinese last year. I was 11_______ about all the chances to improve my language skills, walk on the Great Wall, and most of all, eat real Chinese food! I 12_______ remember my first jianbing, jiaozi and Peking duck. Each of them was amazing in its own way.I knew that real Chinese food would be different from the Chinese food I had eaten in the USA. I couldn’t wait to 13_______ all the delicious dishes. One of my favorites is hotpot(火锅).My first-ever hotpot 14_______ in Beijing was unforgettable(难忘的). As a first-timer, I was moved by the waiters’ warmth of welcome. They 15_______ to introduce all of the oils and spices (调味香料)to me.Looking around, I found that everyone had their own favorite sauce combinations (酱料组合), ingredients and styles(食材和风格). Some would carefully 16_______ the ingredients into the hotpot one after another. Others would impatiently put the whole plate into the bubbling(冒泡的)oil. You can learn a lot from the 17_______ people eat hotpot.When I went back to the USA, I 18_______ to prepare a hotpot meal for my family. It allowed me to not only share the culture that I had learned about, but also 19_______ others a chance to experience China like I had. It is amazing that 20_______ could bring so much to life!11. A. sorry B. excited C. tired D. interested12. A. still B. never C. hardly D. seldom13. A. try B. like C. cook D. watch14. A. sale B. place C. experience D. smell15. A. kept smiling B. warmed upC. had a great timeD. tried their best16. A. play B. put C. wash D. take17. A. way B. tool C. price D. interest18. A. hated B. refused C. decided D. liked19. A. help B. build C. offer D. bring20. A. jiaozi B. hotpot C. Peking duck D. jianbing三、阅读理解(每小题3 分, 共30 分)ASunny Middle School is going to have an English speaking competition. Let’s learn about it.21. Sunny Middle School has had the English speaking competition _______.A. onceB. twiceC. three timesD. four times22. The competition will begin on _______.A. 24th MarchB. 25th MarchC. 26th MarchD. 6th April23. If Tony wants to enter the competition, he must _______.①be interested in English and do well at school②study at Sunny Middle School as a Grade 8 student③make sure his speech is between three and five minutes④talk about his travelling experience or school life in the speechA. ①②③B. ①③④C. ②③④D. ①②③④24. All the winners will get a as the prize_______.A. penB. notebookC. dictionaryD. watch25. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Students have two ways to get the form.B. The passage doesn’t tell us where the competition is.C. We won’t know who wins the competition till 6th April.D. We can only get information about the competition on the noticeboard.BWhen people travel in another city or country, they sometimes stay in the homes of the local people. This is called homestay. It is a great experience because you can meet people from a different country or city and learn something new about that place.I am Wan Li from China. I came to the UK with my friends for a short visit. We are living with an English couple, Mr and Mrs Green, in the west of London. They have a wonderful four-bedroom house. This is a new house. It has two bathrooms and a garden with many beautiful flowers. I have a bedroom of my own.There are some shopping centers and restaurants near the house, and the house is close to an underground station. It takes about thirty minutes to get to the centre of London by underground.I think a homestay may be a good choice for you if it is your first time to go abroad. The local people are friendly and helpful. If you happen to celebrate the holidays with them, you will get to know more about Western culture and customs.26. What does the underlined word “homestay” in Pa ragraph 1 mean?A. The stay at home.B. The stay in the homes of one’s friends.C. The stay in the homes of one’s relatives.D. The stay in the homes of the local people.27. Who are Wan Li and his friends living with in London?A. Mr and Mrs Bush.B. Mr and Mrs Green.C. Mr and Mrs Clinton.D. Mr and Mrs Brown.28. What is near the house?A. B.C. D.29. How long does it take Wan Li to get to the centre of London from the house byunderground?A. About ten minutes.B. About thirty minutes.C. About forty minutes.D. About fifty minutes.30. When travelers to the Great Britain happen to celebrate the holidays with the localpeople they will learn more about _______.A. Western culture and customsB. world culture and customsC. Eastern culture and customsD. southern culture and customs答案26—30四、词汇运用(每小题1 分, 共10 分)A) 根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成句子。
外研版八年级英语下册Module 8 培优测试卷含答案
外研版八年级英语下册Module 8 培优测试卷60分钟100分一、单项选择(每小题1.5 分，共15 分)1. —Do you know Kunming, Lily?—Yes, I do. It is the capital of Yunnan Province. It is famous _______ the “Spring City”.A. forB. ofC. asD. at2. — Which hobby do you think _______ the least time?—Collecting stamps.A. takes upB. tidies upC. gives upD. makes up3. My mother often tells me not to _______ time on something useless, for example,computer games.A. wasteB. mindC. loseD. save4. [2023 江西改编] —Kevin, could you pass me some water? It’s so hot today. I’mreally _______.—OK. Here you are.A hungry B. thirsty C. tired D. sleepy5. My father promises _______ me a new mobile phone if I get good grades in theexam.A. boughtB. buyingC. to buyD. buy6. —I found _______ at home. Where have they gone?—They’ve gone to Dave’s birthday party.A. somebodyB. nobodyC. anybodyD. everybody7. The Yangtze River is the third _______ river in the world.A. longB. longerC. the longestD. longest8. [2023 营口] Hearing the 19th Asian Games would be held in Hangzhou, China, wecould_______ control our feeling of pride.A. reallyB. hardlyC. nearlyD. clearly9. [2023 无锡一模]“I was afraid that kids from other schools _______ at me,” heexplained uncomfortably.A. will laughB. laughC. would laughD. laughing10. —Is Tom in the next room?—Well, it’s hard to say. But I heard him _______ loudly when I passed by just now.A. speakB. to speakC. spokenD. speaking二、完形填空(每小题1.5 分，共15 分)Maxime and Lisa are a young French couple. They are ready to travel across China from Beijing to Yunnan on a tandem (双人自行车). They have two main purposes (目的) and one of them is that they want to encourage green 11_______ through it.Maxime works on helping farmers raise their cows, 12_______ his wife Lisa is a teacher. The two also like sharing their travel stories on the Internet.“We choose a tandem because it makes it 13_______ to communicate with each other about interesting people and things during the journey. 14_______, bicycling is healthier. And it’s a cheaper and more environment-friendly way of traveling than 15_______ cars, motorbikes and so on, ” they said.As for the other 16_______ of their journey, the two said they wanted to get people’s good ideas on topics such as health, the economy (经济) and politics. When people asked them 17_______ they chose to visit China, they said it was because they often talked about its long history.“We know China is a country with a large population and will be the 18_______ of the economy around the world in the future. We want to get a better understanding of the country and its people. We 19_______ the country,” they said.The couple will be on their journey to China soon. We hope they can make more people further 20_______ China by sharing what they see and hear on the way. Meanwhile, we hope they enjoy their travel in China.11. A. food B. farming C. travel D. drink12. A. while B. though C. because D. so13. A. busier B. easier C. earlier D. later14. A. But B. Instead C. However D. Besides15. A. buying B. using C. making D. having16. A. order B. result C. purpose D. cause17. A. how B. why C. when D. where18. A. leader B. player C. learner D. teacher19. A. need B. miss C. love D. want20. A. dream about B. hear aboutC. know aboutD. think about三、阅读理解(每小题3 分，共30 分)A21. What makes Hong Kong Disneyland special?A. There are more than 1,800 trees.B. The ticket price is higher.C. It’s the biggest Disneyland.D. It has real mountains and sea.22. The oldest tree in Hong Kong Disneyland is from _______.A. ThailandB. MalaysiaC. ChinaD. Australia23. If 5-year-old Tom and his parents visit Hong Kong Disneyland this summerholiday, they should pay _______.A. HK $2087B. HK $1753C. HK $1847D. HK $199324. About Hong Kong Disneyland, we can know _______ after reading the passage.A. how many visitors go there every yearB. how many trees there are in itC. when people started to build itD. how long it took to build it25. The text is probably from _______.A. a storybookB. a reportC. a guidebookD. a diaryBSpain and Greece are now more popular than France and Italy. Traveling to both places is cheaper in early summer. It is also cheaper to go by plane than to go by train, and it’s easier to get a ticket in May than in June, July or August.Most people think that Greece is prettier. Others say Spain is hotter and more expensive. Certainly hotels in Spain are far more expensive than the ones in Greece, but they are more comfortable. Greece is much more interesting and it is far quieter than Spain.Spain is nearer and people can get there more quickly. But Spain can be verycrowded. Some people feel that Greece is more beautiful, the air is cleaner and the sea is bluer. Also the food is simpler in Greece.People prefer Greece this summer. Greece is the better choice.26. Traveling to _______ is cheaper in early summer.A. France and ItalyB. Spain and GreeceC. China and JapanD. Germany and England27. Which month is the best time to get a ticket if you want to travel to Spain orGreece?A. May.B. June.C. July.D. August.28. People like to go to _______ because it’s prettier, more interesting and quieter.A. FranceB. ItalyC. GreeceD. Spain29. Hotels _______ are more expensive and comfortable than the ones in Greece.A. in FranceB. in ItalyC. in GreeceD. in Spain30. Where should you go for your vacation if you like simple food and don’t like toomany people?A. To France.B. To Italy.C. To Greece.D. To Spain.四、词汇运用(每小题1 分，共10 分)A) 根据句意及汉语提示完成句子。
初二年级第二次培优测试物理试卷
初二年级第二次培优测试物理试卷一、填空题（共16分，每空1分）1、电子式单相电能表已经广泛使用，其重要参数imp／kW·h表示用电1 kW·h耗电指示灯闪烁的次数。
小明家的电能表标明“6400imp／(kW·h)”，当某用电器单独接在该表上，用电器正常工作5min，指示灯闪烁了640次，则5min内该用电器消耗的电能为__________kW·h，该用也器的额定功率为__________W。
2、路灯灯丝容易烧断，电工小张在原来电灯的位置，再接入一盏相同的白炽灯，虽然这两盏灯的亮度比原来一盏灯还要暗，但是能解决路灯容易烧坏的问题。
你认为这两盏灯的连接方式是_________；这样做与原来相比_________省电（填“能”或“不能”）。
3、如图所示，某电热器的工作原理如图所示（已知两电阻丝的阻值相等，电源电压和电阻丝的阻值保持不变），它有加热和保温两个工作状态。
当开关S1接a，S2闭合时，它是处于_________状态，此时电路总功率为P1；当开关S1接b，S2断开时，电路总功率为P2，则P1∶P2＝_________。
4、如图所示，若甲、乙两表为电压表，当S闭合时，两表示数之比为U甲︰U乙＝3︰2.若甲、乙两表为电流表，当S断开时，两表示数之比为I甲︰I乙＝_________，此时R1和R2消耗的功率之比P1︰P2＝_________。
5、家庭电路中“超负荷”是指电路中_________过大．出现上述情况时，电路中的熔断器或空气开关会自动切断电路．熔断器中的熔丝熔断是电流的_________效应引起的．右图是空气开关的原理图，它切断电路则是电流的_________效应引起的．6、依据下左图甲所示的现象为原理可以制成_________机，依据图乙所示的现象为原理可以制成_________机。
7、图所示的电路中，R1、R2均为定值电阻．电源电压不变．闭合开关S1、S2，两电表均有示数；再断开开关S2，则电压表示数________，电流表示数________，电压表与电流表示数之比________。
外研版八年级英语上册Module 8 培优测试卷含答案
外研版八年级英语上册Module 8 培优测试卷英语八年级上册（WY版）时间：45分钟满分：100分一、单项选择。
(共10小题, 每小题1分, 共10分)1. You have to ____ your ticket to the ticket inspector (检票员) before you enter the cinema.A. bringB. showC. buyD. sell2. —Students begin to pay more attention ____ subjects of art education.—That's true. They will be tested in the senior high school entrance examination.A. atB. toC. forD. with3. He took off his expensive watch to ____ the fact that he was rich.A. tellB. takeC. hideD. miss4. [易错题]—How is your little brother feeling today?—Much ____. He can't go to work today.A. badB. worseC. betterD. good5. —I'm sorry, Miss Green. I left my math book at home.—It doesn't matter. Please remember ____ it here tomorrow.A. takingB. to takeC. bringingD. to bring6. The doctor came ____ to save his life.A. in timeB. on timeC. at timesD. for a time7. —Why are you late for school today?—I'm sorry. I didn't catch the early bus and I had to ____ the next one.A. wait forB. ask forC. care forD. look for8. [易错题]—What's your plan for the holiday?—I'll go to Chengdu as soon as the school term ____.A. endB. endsC. will endD. ended9. Mr Green was talking on the phone ____ I arrived at his office.A. whileB. whenC. afterD. where10. Bill was listening to the radio while Ann ____ TV.A. watchedB. was watchingC. is watchingD. will watch二、完形填空。
2020新高考文科数学二轮培优基础保分强化试题六及答案解析点拨(30张)
α＋π4
cos
π 4
＋
sinα＋π4sinπ4＝102.故选 D.
10．已知四边形 ABCD 为矩形，且 AB＝2BC，点 E，F 在平面 ABCD 内 的射影分别为 B，D，且 BE＝DF，若△ABE 的面积为 4，若 A，B，C，D， E，F 这六个点都在球 O 的表面上，则球 O 的表面积的最小值为( )
14．已知过抛物线 C：y2＝2px(p>0)的焦点 F 的直线 l 交抛物线于 A，B 两点，过点 A 作 AA1⊥y 轴，垂足为 A1，连接 A1B 交 x 轴于点 C，若当|AB| 长度最小时，四边形 AA1CF 的面积为 6，则 p＝________.
答案 4
解析 因为当|AB|长度最小时，AB⊥x 轴，垂足为 F，且|AF|＝|BF|＝p， △BFC 与△BAA1 相似，且相似比为 1∶2，因为四边形 AA1CF 的面积为 6， 所以 S△AA1B＝8，又因为 S△AA1B＝12×p2×2p，所以 p＝4.
3．已知向量 a，b 的夹角为 60°，|a|＝2，|b|＝4，则(a－b)·b＝( ) A．－16 B．－13 C．－12 D．－10
答案 C
解析 ∵向量 a，b 的夹角为 60°，|a|＝2，|b|＝4，∴a·b＝|a||b|·cos60°＝ 2×4×12＝4，∴(a－b)·b＝a·b－b2＝4－16＝－a1>0，a2n－1＋a2n＝a1q2n－2(1＋q)<0⇒1＋q<0⇒q<－1⇒q<0，而 a1>0，q<0，取 q＝－12，此时 a2n－1＋a2n＝a1q2n－2(1＋q)>0.故“q<0”是“对任意 的正整数 n，a2n－1＋a2n<0”的必要不充分条件．
人教版八年级英语上册Unit 2 培优测试卷含答案
人教版八年级英语上册Unit 2 培优测试卷限时: 60 分钟满分: 100 分一、单项选择(共10 分)1. —There is something wrong with my teeth.—Why don’t you go to see a(n) ________?A. dentistB. teacherC. writerD. actor2. It is healthy to eat when you are hungry and to stop when you are ________.A. fullB. busyC. youngD. free3. —Eric often does some ________ after dinner.—Me too. I wash the dishes every day.A. exerciseB. shoppingC. homeworkD. housework4. We walked ________ a forest and got to a small village.A. throughB. acrossC. onD. over5. —You felt sleepy in class this morning, didn’t you?— Yes, I did. I ________ slept well last night.A. reallyB. almostC. nearlyD. hardly6. [2023 人大附中期中]—________ do students do sports these days?—Almost every day.A. How longB. How oftenC. How muchD. How soon7. Sam got up late this morning. ________, he missed the early bus.A. For exampleB. As a resultC. Such asD. Because of8. —David, do you ________ do sports after school?—Yes, I run in the morning every weekday.A. alwaysB. neverC. hardly everD. seldom9. If you keep learning English for ________ half an hour each day, your English will be gradually improved.A. at leastB. at presentC. at onceD. at first10. [2024 上海大学附中期中] —It’s clouding up.—________ it’ll rain soon.A. May beB. MaybeC. Must beD. Must二、完形填空(15 分)Tony was a middle school student. He liked watching TV. In the evening, he always 11 for more than two hours. Then he used the Internet and stayed up late. The next day, he woke up 12 and didn’t have breakfast. He didn’t like 13. He only exercised once or twice a week. He often felt tired, 14 he didn’t think it was a big problem.One day, he had a 15 test in a P. E. class. All his classmates ran 16 but only he was slow. He was not happy with that. After class, he asked 17 best friend Jim for help. Jim said Tony was in bad health. He told Tony to 18 his bad habits and start good ones.Tony listened to him. Now he 19 stays up late. He usually 20 early and has a good breakfast. After school, he always plays sports with his friends.Now he feels well every day and does well in all his subjects.11. A. read books B. watched TV C. shopped online D. did housework12. A. early B. soon C. late D. fast13. A. exercising B. cooking C. waiting D. sleeping14. A. so B. but C. if D. and15. A. singing B. jumping C. dancing D. running16. A. fast B. slowly C. quietly D. loudly17. A. her B. your C. his D. my18. A. stop B. save C. pick D. use19. A. usually B. often C. always D. never20. A. puts up B. gets up C. gives up D. gets lost三、阅读理解(共20 分)AHow do people from all over the world spend their free t ime? Let’s have a look.·Internet People from Canada spend about 43. 5 hours online every week, 8hours longer than Americans. Canada has long cold winters, so people spend lots of time at home.·Outdoors People from New Zealand spend most of their free time outdoors. The countryside there is great for mountain climbing and water sports.·Bars Spain has a lot of bars. In Spain, a bar is for families, not just drinkers. It’s a meeting place and often an eating place. When none of your family or friends are free, you can still go to a bar by yourself. People around you in the bar may ask you to join them.·Museums The UK has six of the top 20 most visited museums in the world, such as the National Gallery, the British Museum and Tate Modern.·Parties As for parties, most people will think of Brazil. Its carnival (狂欢节) is famous all around the world. Bangkok and Berlin are two of the best cities for partying. In Bangkok, you can meet friendly people and visit great nightclubs. In Berlin, you can enjoy beautiful music on the streets.·Exercising In Greece and Estonia, over 80 percent of the people exercise every day. The Olympic sports are very popular in these two countries, but Estonia has a very special game: ice cricket (冰上板球) !21. Americans spend about ________ online every week.A. 35. 5 hoursB. 43. 5 hoursC. 51. 5 hoursD. 59. 5 hours22. People from New Zealand spend most of their free time ________.A. having partiesB. visiting museumsC. having fun in the barsD. doing outdoor activities23. More than 80% of the people from ________ do exercise every day.A. SpainB. BritainC. GreeceD. Canada24. We can learn from the passage that ________.A. Tate Modern is a museum in the UKB. people from Brazil often play ice cricketC. people can enjoy music on the streets in BangkokD. the weather in Canada is always sunny and warm25. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To tell the reasons why people in Spain love bars.B. To introduce how people from different countries spend their free time.C. To help people know which country they can go to for holiday.D. To teach people how to play ice cricket in their free time.BThese years, people show all kinds of things on the Internet: good food, nice clothes, wonderful vacations and so on. Now showing the number of steps is becoming popular.People find it important to be in good health. To keep healthy, many people go to work on foot. When they start walking, they open the step counter app on their phones to record how many steps they walk that day. After a day’s walk, some people show the number on the Internet. This can make them learn from each other and keep exercising.“This helps me to exercise much and keep a good habit,” Miss Liu said. “I ca n also talk about how to keep healthy with my friends on the Internet. We are in the same group to encourage each other to keep exercising.”Mr. Wu likes to exercise. But in the past he was kind of lazy and didn’t want to exercise every day. “After I use the step counter app, everything is different. It’s great to exercise with my friends. Sometimes there are prizes for those who walk more steps. I really like it,” he said.Walking is a relaxing and useful way to exercise. Both the old and the young like it. Recording the steps helps people develop a good habit of walking and showing the number can make people more interested in walking. But don’t take the number too seriously.26. What can we not learn from the second paragraph?A. Why many people go to work on foot.B. How they use the step counter app.C. In which places they use the app.D. Why they show the number online.27. What does the writer think of recording the number of steps?A. It can make people stop driving cars.B. It can make fewer people want to keep fit.C. It can make people much more relaxed.D. It can help people develop a good habit.28. The underlined word “it” refers to “________”.A. exercising every dayB. exercising with friendsC. getting more prizesD. the step counter app29. Which of the following is TRUE?A. More people go to work on foot to save money.B. People usually show the number of steps in the morning.C. Miss Liu and Mr. Wu like to exercise with their friends.D. To be healthy, the number of your steps is very important to you.30. What does the passage mainly want to tell us?A. People like to show the number of steps on the Internet.B. Most people like to be in good health through taking walks.C. It’s important to record how many steps y ou walk every day.D. Many people like to use their mobile phones when walking.四、词汇运用(共10 分)(一) 根据句意及汉语或首字母提示写单词。
初二下培优辅导资料8 半期复习(学生版)
第4题图 第6题图第7题图初二下培优辅导资料8半期复习题1、下列因式分解正确的是（ ）A ．2249(29)(29)x y x y x y -=+-B ．222)2(42y x y xy x -=+-C ．22235(35)a b a a a b -+=-+D ．2()()(1)(1)k x y x y x y k k +--=++- 2、若一个多边形内角和等于1260︒，则该多边形边数是（ ）A ．8B ．9C ．10D ．11 3、若分式21xx --的值为正，则x 的取值范围是（ ） A ．2x > B ．1x < C ．1x > D ．12x << 4、如图，平行四边形ABCD 的对角线AC 、BD 相交于点O ，点E 、F 分别是线段AO 、BO 的中点．若24AC BD cm +=，COD △的周长为18cm ，则EF 的长为（ ）A ．2cmB ．2.5cmC ．3cmD ．3.5cm 5、若关于x 的方程1222x mx x +=+--有增根，则m 的值为（ ） A ．3 B ．4 C ．5 D ．66、如图，设k =甲图中阴影部分面积乙图中阴影部分面积（0a b >>），则有（ ）A ．2k >B ．12k <<C ．112k << D ．102k << 7、如图，将一个边长分别为4和8的矩形纸片ABCD 折叠，使点C 与点A 重合，则折痕EF 的长是（ ） A ．4.8B ．5 C．D8、如图，平行四边形ABCD 中，AE 平分BAD ∠，交BC 于点E ，且AB AE =，延长AB 与DE 的延长线交于点F ，下列结论中：①ABE △是等边三角形；②ABC △≌ EAD △；③AD BF =；④60DAC DFA ∠+∠=︒；⑤CEF ABE S S =△△，其中正确的结论的个数为（ ） A ．5个 B ．4个 C ．3个 D ．2个第8题图第10题图第11题图 第12题图9、当分式4+4x x -的值为零时，x = ． 10、如图，在平行四边形ABCD 中，DB DC =，65A ∠=︒，CE BD ⊥于点E ，则BC E ∠ 的度数为 ．11、如图，平行四边形ABCD 的周长为32cm ，一组邻边AB ︰3BC =︰5，60B ∠=︒，E 为AB 边上的任意一点，则CED △的面积为 ．12、如图，菱形ABCD 中，4AB =，o60B ∠=，AE BC ⊥，AF CD ⊥，垂足分别为E 、F ，连接EF ，则的AEF △的面积是 .13、关于x 的方程211x ax +=-的解是正数，则a 的取值范围是 ． 14、已知13a a -=，则4221a a a++= ． 15、如图，在坐标系中放置一菱形OABC ，60ABC ∠=︒，1OA =．先将菱形OABC 沿x轴的正方向无滑动翻转，每次均翻转60︒，连续翻转2014次，点B 的落点依次为1B ，2B ，3B ，…，则2014B 的坐标为 ．16、在ABC △中，6AB =，8AC =，10BC =，P 为BC 边上的一动点，PE AB ⊥于E ，PF AC ⊥于F ，M 为EF 中点，那么AM 的最小值为 ．17、（1）因式分解：22222()4a b a b +- （2）解方程：224124x x x -+=+-第15题图MBCE FA第16题图18、先化简，再求值：22823(1)11x x x x x +---÷+-，其中3x =19、近几年来，重庆高速公路建设飞速发展，有力地促进了经济的发展．欲修建的高速公路要招标．现有甲、乙两个工程队，若甲、乙两队合作，24天可以完成，费用为120万 元；若甲单独做20天后剩下的工程由乙做，还需40天才能完成，这样所需费用110万 元，问：（1）甲、乙两队每天的费用各为多少万元？ （2）甲、乙两队单独完成此项工程，各需多少天？（3）甲队单独做5天后，接到通知尽快赶去参加另一条高速公路的修建工作，剩下的工程由乙队单独完成，但该工程必须在三个月内（按90天计算）完工．问：甲队至 少还要单独做几天后才能撤离？B CDEFOA 20、如图，菱形ABCD 的对角线交于点O ，E 为AD 上一点，连接BE 交AC 于点F ，且AE AF =．（1）求证：1()2AO AB AE =+； （2）若5AB =，3AE =，求ABF S △︰AEF S △的值．21、【问题情境】张老师给爱好学习的小军和小俊提出这样一个问题：如图1，在ABC △中，AB AC =，点P 为边BC 上的任一点，过点P 作PD AB ⊥，PE AC ⊥，垂足分别为 D 、E ，过点C 作CF AB ⊥，垂足为F ．求证：PD PE CF +=．小军的证明思路是：如图2，连接AP ，由ABP △与ACP △面积之和等于ABC △的面 积可以证得：PD PE CF +=．小俊的证明思路是：如图2，过点P 作PG CF ⊥，垂足为G ，可以证得：PD GF =，PE CG =，则PD PE CF +=．【变式探究】如图3，当点P 在BC 延长线上时，其余条件不变，求证：PD PE CF -=． 请运用上述解答中所积累的经验和方法完成下面的题目：【结论运用】如图4，将矩形ABCD 沿EF 折叠，使点D 落在点B 上，点C 落在点'C 处，点P 为折痕EF 上的任一点，过点P 作PG BE ⊥、PH BC ⊥，垂足分别为G 、H ，若8AD =，3CF =，求PG PH +的值．图1图2图3ABCFEDADBE CGADECGFB图3图2图122、在平行四边形ABCD 中，BAD ∠的平分线交直线BC 于点E ，交直线DC 于点F ． （1）在图1中证明CE CF =；（2）若90ABC ∠=︒，G 是EF 的中点（如图2），直接写出BDG ∠的度数；（3）若120ABC ∠=︒，FG CE ∥，FG CE =，分别连结DB 、DG （如图3），求BDG ∠的度数．。
人教版七年级英语下册UNIT 8 培优测试卷含答案
人教版七年级英语下册UNIT 8 培优测试卷一、单项选择。
(每小题1分，共10分)1. —Excuse me. Where is the shopping center?—It's in ____ front of the police station. You can find it ____ your left.A. /; inB. /; onC. the; atD. the; to2. I want to have lunch with my friends. Where can I find a ____？A. libraryB. restaurantC. bankD. office3. You can walk ____ the street when traffic lights are green.A. crossB. acrossC. alongD. down4. —How much are the hamburgers?—We don't need to buy them. They are ____.A. busyB. freeC. rightD. early5. —____ can I get to your school?—Go down this street and turn right.A. WhereB. WhatC. HowD. When6. —John, do you ____ go to the zoo?—Yes. I go there every weekend.A. againB. soonC. neverD. often7. —What are you doing, Lisa?—I'm watching the cat____ up the tree.A. to climbingB. climbsC. to climbD. climbing8. Linda thinks the math homework is ____ and she can finish it ____.A. easy; easyB. easily; easilyC. easily; easyD. easy; easily9. —Is there any soup in the kitchen?—____. But there is some salad.A. Yes, there isB. No, there isn'tC. Yes, it isD. No, it isn't10. —Thank you for helping me. —____.A. No problemB. No, thanksC. Sounds goodD. You, too二、完形填空。
人教版九年级英语上册Unit 8 培优测试卷含答案
人教版九年级英语上册Unit 8 培优测试卷一、单项选择。
(每小题2分，共20分)1. —Are you free on weekends?—Yes, I am going to have____picnic on____ Sunday.A. the; anB. a; theC. a；/D. an; /2. The pink hair band must belong to____.A. Linda'sB. LindaC. hersD. she3. —The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it?—It____ be Mary. None of us except her is able to do it.A. canB. mustC. needD. might4. —Do you know the saying “Lost years are worse than lost dollars”？—Yes, it tells us that nothing is more____than time.A. terribleB. valuableC. educationalD. ordinary5. —I____ a strange gift yesterday, and I still don't know who it was from.—Maybe it's from me. Aha!A. tookB. acceptedC. receivedD. bought6. —What do you think of your math teacher, Sam?—Well, I'm afraid of her, but____ I really like her.A. all the timeB. from time to timeC. for the first timeD. at the same time7. —What beautiful handwriting(书法)! I wonder____ notebook this is.—It must be Lin Feng's.A. whichB. whatC. whomD. whose8. —How about taking our child to the park?—Good idea! It can____him from watching TV.A. acceptB. preventC. discoverD. choose9. Jane looks up to her elder brother. She is always____ him wherever he goes.A. running afterB. hearing fromC. talking aboutD. looking for10. —Is Grace the right person to translate the article?—____. She's good at English.A. Good luckB. No wayC. You're jokingD. I guess so二、完形填空。
北师版二年级数学下册第八单元培优测试卷含答案
1 / 7北师版二年级数学下册第八单元培优测试卷调查与记录一、荣德小学二（1）班竞选班长投票情况如下。
（共16分） 天天 √√√√√√华华 ☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆ 典典 ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ 聪聪 △△△△△△△△△△ 根据整理的结果填一填。
（1）天天得（ ）票，华华得（ ）票，典典得（ ）票，聪聪得（ ）票。
（8分）（2）（ ）得到的票数最少，（ ）得到的票数最多。
（4分）（3）（ ）可能被选为班长，因为（ ）。
（4分） 二、下面是在某十字路口记录的过往车辆的情况。
（共13分）轿车 公共汽车卡车出租车（1）根据记录的结果填一填。
轿车有（ ）辆，公共汽车有（ ）辆，卡车有（ ）辆，出租车有（ ）辆，一共有（ ）辆车。
（5分）（2）（ ）的辆数最多，（ ）的辆数最少。
（2分） （3）卡车比轿车少（ ）辆，出租车比卡车多（ ）辆。
（2分）2 / 7（4）请你预测一下，如果再驶来1辆车，最有可能是（ ）。
（1分）（5）你还能再提出一个数学问题并解答吗？（3分） 三、调查小能手。
（共12分）垃圾分类靠大家，健康生活你我他。
下面是某店铺5月份四类垃圾桶销量个数调查记录。
○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○△△△△△△ △△△△△□□□□□□□□□□ □□□□□□□□□☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆ ☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆（1）根据上面的调查记录填写下表。
（4分） 有害垃圾桶 厨余垃圾桶 其他垃圾桶 可回收物桶 （ ）个（ ）个（ ）个（ ）个（2）从表中可以看出，（ ）桶个数最多，（ ）桶个数最少。
（4分）（3）关于垃圾分类，你有什么建议？（4分）四、涂色表示一定的规律。
（10分）五、聪明的你，答一答。
（共30分）3 / 71.举办冰雪运动会。
（每名同学只参加一项） （1）下面是全校参加各项比赛人数调查记录。
短道速滑单板滑雪速度滑冰冰球冰壶①全校一共有（ ）名同学参加了冰雪运动会。
（2分） ②参加（ ）的人数最多，参加（ ）的人数最少。
初中物理八年级上册全册 培优测试题试卷(2)
初中物理八年级上册全册培优测试题试卷(2)一、选择题1．心电图仪通过一系列的传感手段，可将与人心跳对应的生物电流情况记录在匀速运动的坐标纸上。
医生通过心电图，可以了解到被检者心跳的情况. 例如，测量相邻两波峰的时间间隔，便可计算出 1min 内心脏跳动的次数(即心率). 已知心电图记录仪的出纸速度(坐标纸移动的速度是 2.5cm/s，如图所示是仪器记录下来的小博同学的心电图，图中每个小方格的边长为 0.5cm. 由此可知A．此人的心率约为 75 次/分B．此人的心率约为 125 次/分C．此人心脏每跳动一次所需时间约为 0.1sD．此人心脏每跳动一次所需时间约为 0.60s2．甲、乙两辆汽车沿平直路面同向运动，他们运动的路程随时间变化的规律如图所示，下面说法正确的是（）A．乙车比甲车速度快B．甲乙两辆汽车速度相等C．5s内乙车通过的路程是60mD．甲、乙两辆汽车3s后相距10m3．甲、乙两同学从同一地点同时向相同方向做直线运动，他们通过的路程随时间变化的图象如图所示，由图象可知（）A．在0～10s内，甲同学比乙同学运动的慢B．两同学在距离出发点100m处速度达到了相等C．在10s～20s内，甲同学静止不动D．在0～10s内，乙同学的速度为10m/s4．如图所示是甲乙丙三个物体做匀速直线运动的图像，根据图像信息所做的判断正确的是（）A．三个物体运动速度关系是v甲＞v乙＞v丙B．相同时间它们运动的路程关系是s丙＞s甲＞s乙C．运动相同路程所用时间关系是t丙＞t乙＞t甲D．若路程相同，同时出发丙最先到达终点5．课外活动时，小明和小刚在操场上沿直线跑道跑步，如图所示是他们通过的路程随时间变化的图象，则下列说法正确的是（）A．前2s内，小刚跑得较快B．两人都做变速运动C．两人都做匀速直线运动D．全程中，小刚的平均速度大于小明的平均速度6．某同学对一物体进行了四次测量，分别为：2.56cm、2.58cm、2.54cm、2.55cm，多次测量求平均值后，记录结果正确的是：（）A．2.5575cm B．2.558cm C．2.56cm D．2.5cm7．如图所示是测量长度的一些工具，关于以下说法中正确的是（）A．在制作课桌的过程中，使用螺旋测微器测量木板长度，这样做更精确些B．毫米刻度尺比游标卡尺、螺旋测微器精确度要高些C．我们在测量时应根据对测量结果的要求来选择合适的测量工具D．分度值为厘米的刻度尺要比分度值为毫米的刻度尺精确度高8．如图所示，两个相同的光滑弧形槽，一个为A1B1C1凸形，一个为A2B2C2凹形，两个相同小球分别进入两弧形槽的速度都为v，运动到槽的末端速度也都为v，小球通过凸形槽的时间为t1，通过凹形槽的时间为t2，则t1、t2的关系为A．t1＝t2B．t1＞t2C．t1＜t2D．无法确定9．学校操场的跑道周长为200m，甲、乙两人从同一点同时出发沿同方向在跑道上绕行，他们的速度v甲=4m/s、v乙=3m/s，当他们在同一地点再次相遇时，乙跑的路程至少为（）A．300m B．700m C．600m D．800m10．汽车拉力赛是一项汽车道路比赛项目，赛段为临时封闭后的各种普通道路，包括山区和丘陵的盘山公路、沙石路、泥泞路等．假设某选手上午7：00从起点出发，途径三个不同的路段，先是沙石路，然后是山坡路，最后一段是平直公路，三段路的长度之比为1：2：2，该选手的赛车在三个路段上行驶平均速度之比为1：2：3，该选手上午11：00正好到达终点．则上午9：00时他行进在：A．沙石路段B．山坡路段C．平直路段的前半段D．平直路段的后半段11．某队伍接到命令后出发某地抗灾，途中得知有新任务，要求通讯兵告知，已知队伍长6千米，队伍移动速度为 5 千米每时，通讯兵由队尾移动至队头再返回的过程中，共用时30 分钟，则传令兵的速度为（）A．18km/h B．20km/h C．24km/h D．25km/h12．甲乙两人沿平直路面步行的路程随时间变化的规律如图所示。
八年级下册培优试题二
淮北市相山区实验中学八年级下册培优试卷（二）语文试卷八年级下册培优试题二1．阅读下面的文字，完成1-4题。
(9分)春节期间热播的《中国诗词大会》激发了全民的千年“诗心”。
刚播不久的《朗读者》则通过朗读精美的文字，用平实的情感读出文字背后的价值，___________（进而 同时）传播出精神、展现出人生。
___________（介于 对于）满眼的娱乐与喧嚣，《朗读者》节目就像慢慢翻看的一本书，没有惊心动魄的画面，更无跌dang 起伏的情节，随着主持人亲切温和的语调，观众情不自禁地投入，静静地倾听与欣赏。
这里每个朗读者所朗读的内容，都是根据自己亲身经厉感受所选，或清淡细腻如和煦的春风，或如娟娟流淌的溪水，拨动心弦。
⑴根据拼音写出相应的汉字，给加点的字注音。
跌d àng( )起伏 情不自禁．( ) 拨动心弦．( ) ⑵文中有错别字的一个词是___________，这个词的正确写法是___________。
⑶“涓涓流淌”中“涓涓”的意思是______________________。
这段文字主要运用了___________的修辞手法。
2结论：____________________________________________________________。
⑵假如你是值周生，发现一位同学看了一眼路边的废纸却没有捡起来，这时，你走到他面前，会怎样劝说他捡拾废纸呢？_____________________________________________________________________ ⑶下面是王芳拟写的演讲稿的部分内容，请你按要求帮她修改。
A 老师经常教训我们节约资源、保护环境，要从点滴小事做起。
如今，校园里的每个同学都在争做环保小卫士。
我暗下决心，也要争做一名出色的环保小卫士！因此，走在校园里，看见同学践踏草坪，我会主动上前制止；B 我会主动弯腰捡起地上的纸片。
我还向同学们宣传C “绿色消费，环保购物；_____________”等环保知识。
八年级下物理培优集训第二次考试
培优集训第二次考试——物理试题（一卷）一、选择题（每题2分，共46分）1．下列描述物体运动快慢的成语中，与物理学描述运动快慢的方法相近的是（）A．一日千里B．大步流星C．风驰电掣D．迅雷不及掩耳2．在探究平面镜成像特点的过程中，小明把四个模型分别面对玻璃板直立在桌面上，用于研究像与物左右位置的关系．其中能够达到实验目的是（）3．甲、乙两物体同时同地向东做匀速直线运动，它们的s-t图象如图所示．由图象可知（）A．甲的速度小于乙的速度B．经过6s，甲在乙前面1.2m处C．以甲为参照物，乙向东运动D．以乙为参照物，甲向东运动4．顾客站在商场自动扶梯的水平台阶上随自动扶梯匀速上升（如图）．顾客在上升过程中（）A．机械能保持不变B．运动状态在不断变化C．相对于其站立的台阶是静止的D．受到重力、支持力和摩擦力的作用5．小明同学对物理课本进行了测量，记录如下：长为25.91cm，宽为18.35cm那么他所用的刻度尺的分度值为（）A．1mm B．1cm C．1dm D．1m6．室内温度为20℃，此时用浸有少量酒精的棉花裹在温度计的玻璃泡上，随着酒精的迅速蒸发，图中哪幅图正确反映了温度计渎数随时间的变化（）7．某人从甲地去乙地，速度是2m/s，从乙地到丙地速度是3m/s，已知甲、乙两地的距离等于乙、丙两地的距离，此人从甲到丙全程平均速度是（）A．1 m/s B．2.4 m/s C．2.5 m/s D．缺少条件，无法计算8．两个同学从桥头走到大桥的1/4处时，忽听背后火车鸣笛，甲转身向后以4米/秒的速度跑至桥头，火车刚好上桥；乙听到鸣笛声以4米/秒的速度立即向前跑，至桥另一头时，火车正好追上他．则火车的速度为（）A．4米/秒B．8米/秒C．l2 米/秒D．16米/秒9．有一架托盘天平，没有游码，最小砝码为100 mg：，用这架天平称量一个物体．当在右盘中加上36.20g的砝码时，天平指针向左端偏1小格；如果在右盘中再加上100 mg的砝码时，天平指针向右端偏1.5小格．那么所称物体的质量为( )A．36．10g B．36．22g C．36．24g D．36．25g10、某同学将一把长15cm的钢尺插在课桌的夹缝中，使之振动发声，三次钢尺露出桌面的长度分别为10cm、8cm、5cm，比较三次发声，音调最高的是（）A：10cm B：8cm C：5cm D：三次一样高11、下列说法错误的是（）A：0dB是人们的听觉下限B：30—40dB是较理想的安静环境C：在马路住宅间植树可以减小噪声D：越使劲拨动琴弦，琴的音调越高12．关于水沸腾实验，下列说法正确的是（）A．测沸水的温度可以使用酒精温度计B．当水温达到100℃时，水一定会沸腾C．水沸腾时大量气泡上升、变大，至水面破裂D．水在沸腾时，继续吸热，温度会升高13．如图所示，一束平行光经过一凸透镜，调节光屏的位置直到在屏上得到一个最小、最亮的光斑．小明用此凸透镜和蜡烛做“探究凸透镜成像规律”的实验，当烛焰距凸透镜30cm 时，重新调节光屏的位置，可以在光屏上得到（）A．正立放大的虚像B．倒立等大的实像C．倒立放大的实像D．倒立缩小的实像14．常用温度计中所用的液体有水银、酒精、甲苯等，这些液体的有关属性见下表．那么，下列说法中正确的是（）A．水银可用来制作量程为-40℃～60℃的寒暑表B．酒精可用来制作量程为-20℃～100℃的温度计C．甲苯可用来制作量程为-40℃～60℃的寒暑表D．水银可用来制作能测任何一种金属熔点的温度计15．四季分明的辽宁地区热现象随处可见，下列物态变化过程中，需要吸热的是（）A．春天，冰雪融化B．夏天，从冰箱里拿出来的饮料罐“出汗”C．深秋，室外地面上出现了霜D．冬天，千里冰封，万里雪飘16．物理学中将物体在单位时间内速度的增加量定义为加速度．依据该定义，若某物体在t时间内速度从V1增加到V2，则加速度为．现有一小球从静止开始以3m/s2的加速度加速运动2s，则2s末小球的速度为（）A．0 B．2m/s C．3m/s D．6m/s17．交通部门常用测速仪来检测车速．测速原理是测速仪前后两次发出并接收到被测车反射回的超声波信号，再根据两次信号的时间差，测出车速，如图甲．某次测速中，测速仪发出与接收超声波的情况如图乙所示，x表示超声波与测速仪之间的距离．则该被测汽车速度是（假设超声波的速度为340米/秒，且保持不变）（）A．28.33米/秒B．13.60米/秒C．14.78米/秒D．14.17米/秒18．电动车的反光镜是用来观察车后情况的平面镜，在某次行驶时，发现左侧反光镜中看到的是车后的树梢和天空，却看不到路面的情况，为确保行驶安全，左侧反光镜的镜面应该（）19．如图，点燃的蜡烛放在距小孔a处，它成像在距小孔b的半透明纸上，且a大于b．则半透明纸上的像是（）A．倒立、放大的虚像B．正立、缩小的虚像C．倒立、缩小的实像D．正立、放大的实像20．如图所示是物体AB经照相机镜头成像原理示意图，当AB沿主光轴远离镜头时，则物体上A点的像A′会沿（）移动。
初二年级第二次培优测试物理试卷
初二年级第二次培优测试物理试卷一、填空题（共16分，每空1分）1、电子式单相电能表已经广泛使用，其重要参数imp／kW·h表示用电1 kW·h耗电指示灯闪烁的次数。
小明家的电能表标明“6400imp／(kW·h)”，当某用电器单独接在该表上，用电器正常工作5min，指示灯闪烁了640次，则5min内该用电器消耗的电能为__________kW·h，该用也器的额定功率为__________W。
2、路灯灯丝容易烧断，电工小张在原来电灯的位置，再接入一盏相同的白炽灯，虽然这两盏灯的亮度比原来一盏灯还要暗，但是能解决路灯容易烧坏的问题。
你认为这两盏灯的连接方式是_________；这样做与原来相比_________省电（填“能”或“不能”）。
3、如图所示，某电热器的工作原理如图所示（已知两电阻丝的阻值相等，电源电压和电阻丝的阻值保持不变），它有加热和保温两个工作状态。
当开关S1接a，S2闭合时，它是处于_________状态，此时电路总功率为P1；当开关S1接b，S2断开时，电路总功率为P2，则P1∶P2＝_________。
4、如图所示，若甲、乙两表为电压表，当S闭合时，两表示数之比为U甲︰U乙＝3︰2.若甲、乙两表为电流表，当S断开时，两表示数之比为I甲︰I乙＝_________，此时R1和R2消耗的功率之比P1︰P2＝_________。
5、家庭电路中“超负荷”是指电路中_________过大．出现上述情况时，电路中的熔断器或空气开关会自动切断电路．熔断器中的熔丝熔断是电流的_________效应引起的．右图是空气开关的原理图，它切断电路则是电流的_________效应引起的．6、依据下左图甲所示的现象为原理可以制成_________机，依据图乙所示的现象为原理可以制成_________机。
7、图所示的电路中，R1、R2均为定值电阻．电源电压不变．闭合开关S1、S2，两电表均有示数；再断开开关S2，则电压表示数________，电流表示数________，电压表与电流表示数之比________。
八年级上学期语文培优试卷二
八年级上学期语文培优试卷（二）2012.10.30一、语言知识及其运用(12分)1．下列字形和加点字注音全部正确的一项是（）（2分）A．媲美澄清（dēnɡ）鲜为人知（xiǎn）轻歌慢舞B．闪砾静谧（mì）面面相觑（qù）名副其实C．狼藉稽首（qǐ）浑身解数（xiè）藏污纳垢D．迁徙炽痛（zhì）龙吟凤哕（huì）销声匿迹2．下列句中加点词语使用正确的一项是（）（2分）A．这些贪官污吏，利用人民赋予他们的权力，恪尽职守，大捞特捞。
B．同学会上，大家聚集一堂，畅所欲言，其乐融融，充分享受天伦之乐。
C．王华同学是修改作文的高手，不管存在什么问题作文，一经他修改，都能妙手回春。
D．峰环水抱的茨坪，高高低低的房屋鳞次栉比，庄严肃穆的井冈山革命烈士博物馆就坐落在绿树浓阴中。
3．下列句子没有语病的一项是（）（2分）A．能否驾驭自己的愤怒是一个人克服自身情绪障碍的最佳体现。
B．在人生的旅程中，痛苦与欢乐是几乎与生俱来的。
C．近日“微基金”将面向全球华人网友募集爱心善款，用于解决西部地区特别是贵州农村学校的“小餐桌”、“小床铺”。
[来源:]D．忙，有利于创造生活；闲，有利于调剂生活。
生活需要调剂，调剂生活有利于创造生活。
4．下列句子顺序排列正确的一项是（）（2分）古诗中有“春到人间草木知”的名句，在鲁迅笔下，知春、报春、不争春，正是崇高的野草魂。
最可贵的是，你虽知花叶不美，但仍然散发着一点无名野香，给那里带去春色和生机。
①在雪的下面，已经出现了“冷绿的野草”，在初春的寒风中，勃发着盎然的春意②严冬刚过，残雪犹存③为使春意更浓，春色更娇，你甘当陪衬、默默无闻④待到春满人间，姹紫嫣红开遍，你却不居功、不争俏A．④③②①B．②①③④C．②①④③ D．③④②①5．填入横线处的句子与上下文衔接较好的一项是（）（2分）20世纪20年代前，塔里木河下游河水丰盈，，岸边胡杨丛生，。
广东省东莞市2024年数学(高考)部编版第二次模拟(培优卷)模拟试卷
广东省东莞市2024年数学（高考）部编版第二次模拟(培优卷)模拟试卷一、单项选择题（本题包含8小题，每小题5分，共40分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）(共8题)第(1)题已知复数满足，其中为虚数单位，则复数的虚部是（）A．B．C．1D．第(2)题已知, 下列结论正确的是A．B．C．D．第(3)题已知是两条不同的直线，是平面，若，则不可能（）A．平行B．垂直C．相交D．异面第(4)题已知，，，则，，的大小关系为（）A．B．C．D．第(5)题设变量满足约束条件，则目标函数的最小值是（）A．B．C．D．第(6)题已知等比数列满足，则（）A．32B．64C．96D．128第(7)题已知，则的值为（）A．B．C．D．－第(8)题对于函数，下列结论中正确的是（）A．的最大值为B ．的图象可由的图象向右平移个单位长度得到C．在上单调递减D．的图象关于点中心对称二、多项选择题（本题包含3小题，每小题6分，共18分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，至少有两个选项正确。
全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错或不答的得0分） (共3题)第(1)题已知函数，若方程有且只有三个实根，且，则（）A．B．C．D．第(2)题已知数列{}的前n项和为，则下列说法正确的是（）．A．是递增数列B．是递减数列C．D．数列的最大项为和第(3)题已知函数，，则（）A．函数在上存在唯一极值点B．为函数的导函数，若函数有两个零点，则实数的取值范围是C ．若对任意，不等式恒成立，则实数的最小值为D．若，则的最大值为三、填空（本题包含3个小题，每小题5分，共15分。
请按题目要求作答，并将答案填写在答题纸上对应位置） (共3题)第(1)题在中，，，，点在线段AB 的延长线上，且，则__________．第(2)题设为随机变量，从边长为1的正方体12条棱中任取两条，当两条棱相交时，；当两条棱异面时，；当两条棱平行时，的值为两条棱之间的距离，则数学期望=________.第(3)题如图，等腰所在平面为，，.是的重心.平面内经过点的直线将分成两部分，把点所在的部分沿直线翻折，使点到达点（平面）.若在平面内的射影恰好在翻折前的线段上，则线段的长度的取值范围是__________．四、解答题（本题包含5小题，共77分。
人教版六年级数学下册第二单元培优测试卷含答案
人教版六年级数学下册第二单元培优测试卷一、填空。
(第1小题4分，其余每小题2分，共22分) 1.( )(填折扣)＝七成五＝( )÷5＝( )32＝12∶( )2.电影《 流浪地球2》万达影院票价为80元，会员打八折，同同有会员卡，她家四人看一次《 流浪地球2》需要花( )元。
一杯饮料打八折后售价是8元，原价是( )元。
3.某服装店一件休闲装现价450元，比原价便宜了50元，相当于打了( )折。
照这样的折扣，原价800元的西装，现价( )元。
4.为响应《 绿色、节能、低碳、环保”的要求，某工厂对生产设备进行了升级。
改进设备后，今年的产量是400万吨，比去年的产量提高了二成五，去年的产量是( )万吨。
5.万家乐超市8月份的应纳税销售额是64万元，如果按应纳税销售额的3％缴纳增值税，这个月该超市要缴纳增值税( )元。
6.下面是李阿姨的一张储蓄存单的部分信息，到期时她可以取回( )元。
7.新华书店举行八折促销活动，一套故事书打折后比原来便宜32元，这套故事书的原价是( )元。
8.一件商品标价500元，优惠活动是 每满300元减100元”，这件商品相当于打( )折出售的。
9.龙龙叔叔想买一台标价是8000元的电脑。
他对经理说：《 八折可以吗？”龙龙叔叔希望这台电脑的售价是( )元。
经理说：《 你说的价再加5％吧！”这样龙龙叔叔买这台电脑实际花了( )元。
10.文具店出售一种圆珠笔，单价为2.4元，现买4送1，张老师想买20支，他实际应付( )元，相当于每支圆珠笔打( )折出售。
二、判断。
(对的画 √”，错的画 ×”。
每小题1分，共5分)1.一个篮球打七五折出售，就是现价比原价便宜了25％。
()2.六年级有四成的学生是女生，则男生人数占全年级人数的35。
()3.一种商品先打九折，再提价10％，仍是原价。
()4.一件商品进行 买三送一”促销，相当于打七五折出售。
()5.爸爸将40000元存入银行，定期三年，年利率是2.75％，到期后一共从银行取回40000×2.75％×3元。
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二轮培优测试8
1.晚清某论著写道：“至于三纲五常，为中国之大教，足下谓西夷无之矣，然考之则不然。
东西律例，以法为宗。
今按法国律例，民律第三百七十一条云：“凡一切子女，无论其人何等年岁，须于其父母有恭敬孝顺之心……。
”第二百一十三条云：“凡为妇者，应为其夫者所管属。
”该材料主要反映了
A、洋务派倡导中体西用
B、维新派推崇儒家思想
C、顽固派重申宋明理学
D、革命派主张法治社会
2.斯塔夫里阿诺斯认为：“中世纪后期，十分重要的香料贸易并没有受到什么影响，关键问题是，意大利人和阿拉伯人垄断香料贸易引起了其他欧洲人极大的不满，他们
热切地寻找能直接抵达东方的途径，以分享这笔厚利。
”由此可
见，地理大发现的现实原因是
A．西欧封建社会商品经济的进一步发展
B．欧洲对东方商品的渴求
C．垄断贸易引发激烈的商业竞争
D．奥斯曼帝国隔断东西方主要商路
3.右图是浙江省温州市工商局颁发的个体工商业营业执照，这张
执照成为新时期中国第一张“个体工商户营业执照”，此举
A. 宣告了人民公社体制的终结
B．意味着城市经济体制改革全面展开
C. 开始了多种分配方式并存的改革D．揭开了多种所有制共同发展的序幕
4.有学者认为：“东德解体的主要根源在于当其面临1970年代世界经济的结构性危机（石油危机、高失业率与通货膨胀、以美元为基准货币的固定汇率制度的失调等）时，试图通过国有化与中央集权等传统方式来化解危机，最终却因此而失败造成的。
在他看来，东德解体的根本原因在于国际条件，国内条件不过是一个影响外部环境的次级因素。
”该论点的合理性体现在
A．从全球化的角度分析东德体制的失败B．从经济层面分析政治体制的缺陷
C．强调外部环境对发展模式的决定作用 D．否定国有化和中央集权体制
5.埃里克·沃尔夫在《欧洲与没有历史的人民》中写道：（18世纪）一些欧洲国家正在谋求统治地位，而其他国家正在谋求自身的认同和独立。
每个正在奋斗的国家都拥有一个独立的社会，都受其特殊精神或文化的激励，这种观念无非是为了证实它想形成自己独立国家的愿望和正当性。
独立的、一体的文化概念正是为了适应这种文化方案。
该材料说明18世纪欧洲的
A．文化才开始形成 B．文化是多元化的C．文化具有民族性 D．文化的政治性质
B C D A C
6、（25分）阅读材料，完成下列各题。
材料一春秋战国时期，按“官有能而禄有功”的原则，废除血缘世袭的贵族制，建立起官僚行政制度。
秦至汉初，秉承法家理念，功与能为官吏升迁任免的主要依据。
汉武帝以后，儒生出身的官吏地位上升，官吏个人品行对于引导、教化百姓的功用日益受到重视。
东汉时，士大夫追逐基于德行的“名”，官吏矫情虚伪而无实际才能成为普遍现象。
曹操执政，强调“唯才是举”。
功、能者优先，“不官无功之臣，不赏不战之士”。
西魏北周选任官吏，突出思想品行的重要性：“凡所求材艺者，为其可以治民。
”强调对官员的品行与政绩考核；“其志行善者，则举之；其志行不善者，则去之……凡求贤之路，自非一途。
然所以得之审者，必由任而试之，考而察之。
——摘编自翦伯赞《中国史纲要》
材料二唐代将品德与任职态度方面的“四善”作为考课官员最重要的内容:“一曰德义有闻，二曰清慎明著，三曰公平可称，四曰恪勤匪懈。
”同时规定各类职务的最佳业绩标准，称作“最”。
每年考核，公开结果。
考核分为九等：“一最四善为上上，一最三善为上中，一最二善为上下……居官饰诈，贪浊有状，为下下。
”“善”是获得薪酬奖励与迅速提升的关键。
——据《新唐书》材料三取士概归学堂，固以明示天下以作新之基……且设立学堂者，并非专为储才，乃以开通民智为主，使人人获有普及之教育，且有普通之知能，上知效忠于国，下得自谋其生。
其才高者，固足以佐治理，次者亦不失为合格之国民。
查科场试士，但凭文字之短长，不问人品之贤否。
是以暗中摸索，最足为世诟讥。
今学堂定章于各项科学外，另立品行一门，用积分法，与各门科学一体核考，同记分数。
其分语言、容止、行动、作事、交际、出游六项，随处稽查，第其等差。
至考试时，亦以该生平日品行分数，并和计算。
凡算学、地理、财政、兵事、交涉、铁路、矿务、警察、外国政法等事，但有一长，皆可保送。
俟考时分别去取……其取定者，酌量用为主事、中书、知县官。
——摘编自《袁世凯、赵尔巽、张之洞等会委之停科举推广学校折暨上谕立停科举以广学校》（1905年）（1）根据材料一、二并结合所学知识，概括秦至唐官员选拔所体现的“德”、“才”观的变化并简析其原因。
（15分）
（2）根据材料并结合所学知识，简要评述清末对“德”、“才”的新认识。
（10分）。