UPS用高效双向磁集成DCDC变换器的研制(插入版)

哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文
摘 要
在工业 UPS、通信电源、配电网等领域内，大功率直流变换器的应用场合越 来越多， 同时人们也要求其具有可控双向能量流动的功能。 本文针对一种工业 UPS 中用于电池环节的双向大功率 DC/DC 变换器进行研制设计，并对模块化变换器磁 性元件的优化设计和并联均流的控制策略做了深入的研究。 工业 UPS 电池环节 DC/DC 变换器设计要求结构简单，可操控型强，因此，为 避免端电压极性与能量流动方向间的冲突，本课题采用级联结构拓扑，功能上实 现正反向 BUCK-BOOST 升降变压，能量双向可控流动；并基于多重化原理，通过 多分支并联结构扩展变换器的功率等级；为有效减小设备体积，还应用磁集成方 法设计电感元件，提高变换器功率密度。 在多重化并联结构基础上，本文提出三种大功率电感设计方案： “独立电感、 分立式耦合电感与分支耦合电感” ，综合三种交错并联硬件结构，设计采用不易饱 和的磁集成等匝数比电感，并利用耦合作用产生的互感克服电感设计降额使用的 缺点，进一步满足系统在电压电流纹波、动态响应、瞬态与稳态特性方面的要求。 仿真结果表明，设计的两种耦合电感在级联结构内，恒功率条件下负载调整率良 好，纹波等满足理论设计要求。限于实际条件，本文仅采用分立式耦合电感搭建 了硬件平台，同时对变换器的大功率损耗估算和温升等问题作了探究。通过硬件 平台上实测效率数据与理论计算结果的对比，验证双向变换器设计合理性。 本文还研究了大功率变换器模块间的并联均流问题，即分立式耦合电感电流 均流问题。通过最优二次型定向整定 PID 调节参数，为正向工作时前级单元设计 抗扰及快速响应的调制器，后级根据需要设计电压环与均流环双闭环反馈。恒功 率负载条件下，选择无主从前置关系的平均电流法设计双环均流控制策略，将后 级输出负载对前级的影响降到最低，保证多分支并联条件下模块间的均流稳定输 出。通过闭环补偿，验证双环结构下，剪切穿越频段差异是避免双环相互影响的 必要条件。通过仿真验证耦合电感和并联均流理论推导的结果。 最后在 80kW UPS 实验样机平台上进行验证性实验，验证实际耦合电感设计 与模块均流效果。 关键词：双向 DC/DC 变换器；级联结构；磁集成；并联均流
Classified Index: TM461.5 U.D.C: 621.3
Dissertatቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱon for the Master ’s Degree in Engineering
DEVELOPMENT OF BIDIRECTIONAL DC/DC CONVERTER BASED ON INTEGRETED MAGNITIC FOR UPS
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哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文
Abstract
High-power DC-DC converter applications with controllable bidirectional energy flow features are more needed in the field of common power supply system like industrial UPS, communication systems, distribution networks and so on. In this paper bidirectional power DC / DC converter design are focused which is applied in industrial UPS Battery part. Also the control strategy for parlllel modules flow and integreted magnetic components are discussed in depth. Based on industrial UPS battery link design requirments, half-bridge cascade structure is adopted in this project to avoid conflicts between voltage and energy flow direction. In order to achieve functional swing forward and backward BUCK-BOOST mode and controllable bidirectional energy flow. With the application of the multiple principle, in multi-branch structure the converter power rating and power density are improved and the equipment size reduced effectively. Within the multiplexed parallel structure, hard saturation IM inductors are designed. The indutcors which are proposed in this paper for high-power DC-DC converter designed in equal turn ratio to overcome the disadvantages of design derating by mutual inductance. While further satisfy the system voltage and current ripple, dynamic response, transient characteristics are further satisfied. Simulation results show that for the coupled inductor in cascade structure, the under conditions of constant power load regulation is good and current ripple meet the design requirements. Beside, the converter power loss and temperature rise as other issues have been estimated. The reasonableness of the bidirectional converter design are verified through comparison between theoretically calculated and measured efficiency data. Based on Inter modular design, parallel flow problem on high-power converter modules in this paper are focused. Namely discrete coupled inductor current average flow problems are discussed. Through PID regulator with optimized quadratic directed by changing parameters, designed Immunity and rapid response modulator for the first unit are designed, double dual-loop feedback for the later stage. For constant power load, flow control strategy without ownship are picked. Average current flow control are designed to low the affection to minimum for the latter stage. Stable output under all flow conditions for a multi-branch parallel between modules are ensured. Gap between cut through frequency bands haved avoided the impact between the double loop. Through simulation coupled inductors and parallel current theoretical are proved. Finally, experiments on 80kW UPS prototype to verify the actual modules with coupled inductor design and flow effects. Keywords: BDC, Cascade structure,Integreted magnetic, Parallel Flow
学校代码：10213 密级：公开
工程硕士学位论文
UPS 用高效双向磁集成 DC/DC 变换器的研制
硕 士 研 究 生： 韩 银 导 师 ： 和军平副教授
申 请 学 位： 工程硕士 学 科： 电气工程
所 在 单 位 ： 深圳研究生院 答 辩 日 期 ： 2014 年 12 月 授予 学位 单位 ： 哈尔滨工业大学
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................ II 第1章 绪 1.1 课题背景和意义................................................................................................. 1 1.2 大功率双向 DC/DC 变换器的研究发展现状 .................................................... 3 1.2.1 双向 DC/DC 变换器的应用和发展现状 .................................................... 3 1.2.2 UPS 用双向 DC/DC 变换器的技术研究现状 ............................................. 4 1.3 DC/DC 变换器未来技术的发展方向 ................................................................. 8 1.4 本文的主要研究内容 ......................................................................................... 8 第 2 章 UPS 电池环节大功率双向 DC/DC 变换器设计 .......................................... 10 2.1 引言 .................................................................................................................. 10 2.2 级联式双向 DC 变换器的工作特性分析 ......................................................... 10 2.2.1 双向 DC/DC 变换器概述 ......................................................................... 10 2.2.2 DC/DC 变换器级联拓扑结构 .................................................................... 11 2.2.3 级联拓扑工作状态选择条件 .................................................................... 12 2.3 多重化交错并联技术 ....................................................................................... 15 2.4 模块并联设计 .................................................................................................. 17 2.4.1 模块内并联设计 ....................................................................................... 17 2.4.2 模块间并联设计 ....................................................................................... 18 2.5 本章小结 .......................................................................................................... 20 第 3 章 耦合电感设计及分析 ................................................................................... 21 3.1 引言 .................................................................................................................. 21 3.2 电感耦合方案分析........................................................................................... 21 3.3 电感耦合等效原理分析 ................................................................................... 23 3.3.1 耦合方案 1 等效电路及分析 .................................................................... 23 3.3.2 耦合方案 2 等效电路及分析 .................................................................... 24 3.3.3 耦合方案 3 等效电路及分析 .................................................................... 25 3.3.4 耦合原理仿真验证 ................................................................................... 28 3.4 变换器耦合电感设计及损耗计算.................................................................... 29 3.4.1 耦合电感设计 ........................................................................................... 29