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Tektronix MDO3000 Series 数字多功能作业仪用户指南说明书

19StandardMath ToolsDisplay up to four math function traces (F1-F4). The easy-to-use graphical interface simplifies setup of up to two operations on each function trace;and function traces can be chained together to perform math-on-math.absolute value integralaverage (summed)invert (negate)average (continuous)log (base e)custom (MATLAB) – limited points product (x)derivativeratio (/)deskew (resample)reciprocaldifference (–)rescale (with units)enhanced resolution (to 11 bits vertical)roof envelope (sinx)/x exp (base e)square exp (base 10)square root fft (power spectrum, magnitude, phase,sum (+)up to 50 kpts) trend (datalog) of 1000 events floorzoom (identity)histogram of 1000 eventsMeasure ToolsDisplay any 6 parameters together with statistics, including their average,high, low, and standard deviations. Histicons provide a fast, dynamic view of parameters and wave-shape characteristics.Pass/Fail TestingSimultaneously test multiple parameters against selectable parameter limits or pre-defined masks. Pass or fail conditions can initiate actions including document to local or networked files, e-mail the image of the failure, save waveforms, send a pulse out at the rear panel auxiliary BNC output, or (with the GPIB option) send a GPIB SRQ.Jitter and Timing Analysis Software Package (WRXi-JTA2)(Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)•Jitter and timing parameters, with “Track”graphs of •Edge@lv parameter (counts edges)• Persistence histogram, persistence trace (mean, range, sigma)Software Options –Advanced Math and WaveShape AnalysisStatistics Package (WRXi-STAT)This package provides additional capability to statistically display measurement information and to analyze results:• Histograms expanded with 19 histogram parameters/up to 2 billion events.• Persistence Histogram• Persistence Trace (mean, range, sigma)Master Analysis Software Package (WRXi-XMAP)(Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)This package provides maximum capability and flexibility, and includes all the functionality present in XMATH, XDEV, and JTA2.Advanced Math Software Package (WRXi-XMATH)(Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)This package provides a comprehensive set of WaveShape Analysis tools providing insight into the wave shape of complex signals. Includes:•Parameter math – add, subtract, multiply, or divide two different parameters.Invert a parameter and rescale parameter values.•Histograms expanded with 19 histogram parameters/up to 2 billion events.•Trend (datalog) of up to 1 million events•Track graphs of any measurement parameter•FFT capability includes: power averaging, power density, real and imaginary components, frequency domain parameters, and FFT on up to 24 Mpts.•Narrow-band power measurements •Auto-correlation function •Sparse function• Cubic interpolation functionAdvanced Customization Software Package (WRXi-XDEV)(Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)This package provides a set of tools to modify the scope and customize it to meet your unique needs. Additional capability provided by XDEV includes:•Creation of your own measurement parameter or math function, using third-party software packages, and display of the result in the scope. Supported third-party software packages include:– VBScript – MATLAB – Excel•CustomDSO – create your own user interface in a scope dialog box.• Addition of macro keys to run VBScript files •Support for plug-insValue Analysis Software Package (WRXi-XVAP)(Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)Measurements:•Jitter and Timing parameters (period@level,width@level, edge@level,duty@level, time interval error@level, frequency@level, half period, setup, skew, Δ period@level, Δ width@level).Math:•Persistence histogram •Persistence trace (mean, sigma, range)•1 Mpts FFTs with power spectrum density, power averaging, real, imaginary, and real+imaginary settings)Statistical and Graphical Analysis•1 Mpts Trends and Histograms •19 histogram parameters •Track graphs of any measurement parameterIntermediate Math Software Package (WRXi-XWAV)Math:•1 Mpts FFTs with power spectrum density, power averaging, real, and imaginary componentsStatistical and Graphical Analysis •1 Mpts Trends and Histograms •19 histogram parameters•Track graphs of any measurement parameteramplitude area base cyclescustom (MATLAB,VBScript) –limited points delay Δdelay duration duty cyclefalltime (90–10%, 80–20%, @ level)firstfrequency lastlevel @ x maximum mean median minimumnumber of points +overshoot –overshoot peak-to-peak period phaserisetime (10–90%, 20–80%, @ level)rmsstd. deviation time @ level topΔ time @ levelΔ time @ level from triggerwidth (positive + negative)x@ max.x@ min.– Cycle-Cycle Jitter – N-Cycle– N-Cycle with start selection – Frequency– Period – Half Period – Width– Time Interval Error – Setup– Hold – Skew– Duty Cycle– Duty Cycle Error20WaveRunner WaveRunner WaveRunner WaveRunner WaveRunner 44Xi-A64Xi-A62Xi-A104Xi-A204Xi-AVertical System44MXi-A64MXi-A104MXi-A204MXi-ANominal Analog Bandwidth 400 MHz600 MHz600 MHz 1 GHz 2 GHz@ 50 Ω, 10 mV–1 V/divRise Time (Typical)875 ps500 ps500 ps300 ps180 psInput Channels44244Bandwidth Limiters20 MHz; 200 MHzInput Impedance 1 MΩ||16 pF or 50 Ω 1 MΩ||20 pF or 50 ΩInput Coupling50 Ω: DC, 1 MΩ: AC, DC, GNDMaximum Input Voltage50 Ω: 5 V rms, 1 MΩ: 400 V max.50 Ω: 5 V rms, 1 MΩ: 250 V max.(DC + Peak AC ≤ 5 kHz)(DC + Peak AC ≤ 10 kHz)Vertical Resolution8 bits; up to 11 with enhanced resolution (ERES)Sensitivity50 Ω: 2 mV/div–1 V/div fully variable; 1 MΩ: 2 mV–10 V/div fully variableDC Gain Accuracy±1.0% of full scale (typical); ±1.5% of full scale, ≥ 10 mV/div (warranted)Offset Range50 Ω: ±1 V @ 2–98 mV/div, ±10 V @ 100 mV/div–1 V/div; 50Ω:±400mV@2–4.95mV/div,±1V@5–99mv/div,1 M Ω: ±1 V @ 2–98 mV/div, ±10 V @ 100 mV/div–1 V/div,±10 V @ 100 mV–1 V/div±**********/div–10V/div 1 M Ω: ±400 mV @ 2–4.95 mV/div, ±1 V @5–99 mV/div, ±10 V @ 100 mV–1 V/div,±*********–10V/divInput Connector ProBus/BNCTimebase SystemTimebases Internal timebase common to all input channels; an external clock may be applied at the auxiliary inputTime/Division Range Real time: 200 ps/div–10 s/div, RIS mode: 200 ps/div to 10 ns/div, Roll mode: up to 1,000 s/divClock Accuracy≤ 5 ppm @ 25 °C (typical) (≤ 10 ppm @ 5–40 °C)Sample Rate and Delay Time Accuracy Equal to Clock AccuracyChannel to Channel Deskew Range±9 x time/div setting, 100 ms max., each channelExternal Sample Clock DC to 600 MHz; (DC to 1 GHz for 104Xi-A/104MXi-A and 204Xi-A/204MXi-A) 50 Ω, (limited BW in 1 MΩ),BNC input, limited to 2 Ch operation (1 Ch in 62Xi-A), (minimum rise time and amplitude requirements applyat low frequencies)Roll Mode User selectable at ≥ 500 ms/div and ≤100 kS/s44Xi-A64Xi-A62Xi-A104Xi-A204Xi-A Acquisition System44MXi-A64MXi-A104MXi-A204MXi-ASingle-Shot Sample Rate/Ch 5 GS/sInterleaved Sample Rate (2 Ch) 5 GS/s10 GS/s10 GS/s10 GS/s10 GS/sRandom Interleaved Sampling (RIS)200 GS/sRIS Mode User selectable from 200 ps/div to 10 ns/div User selectable from 100 ps/div to 10 ns/div Trigger Rate (Maximum) 1,250,000 waveforms/secondSequence Time Stamp Resolution 1 nsMinimum Time Between 800 nsSequential SegmentsAcquisition Memory Options Max. Acquisition Points (4 Ch/2 Ch, 2 Ch/1 Ch in 62Xi-A)Segments (Sequence Mode)Standard12.5M/25M10,00044Xi-A64Xi-A62Xi-A104Xi-A204Xi-A Acquisition Processing44MXi-A64MXi-A104MXi-A204MXi-ATime Resolution (min, Single-shot)200 ps (5 GS/s)100 ps (10 GS/s)100 ps (10 GS/s)100 ps (10 GS/s)100 ps (10 GS/s) Averaging Summed and continuous averaging to 1 million sweepsERES From 8.5 to 11 bits vertical resolutionEnvelope (Extrema)Envelope, floor, or roof for up to 1 million sweepsInterpolation Linear or (Sinx)/xTrigger SystemTrigger Modes Normal, Auto, Single, StopSources Any input channel, External, Ext/10, or Line; slope and level unique to each source, except LineTrigger Coupling DC, AC (typically 7.5 Hz), HF Reject, LF RejectPre-trigger Delay 0–100% of memory size (adjustable in 1% increments, or 100 ns)Post-trigger Delay Up to 10,000 divisions in real time mode, limited at slower time/div settings in roll modeHold-off 1 ns to 20 s or 1 to 1,000,000,000 events21WaveRunner WaveRunner WaveRunner WaveRunner WaveRunner 44Xi-A 64Xi-A 62Xi-A104Xi-A 204Xi-A Trigger System (cont’d)44MXi-A64MXi-A104MXi-A204MXi-AInternal Trigger Level Range ±4.1 div from center (typical)Trigger and Interpolator Jitter≤ 3 ps rms (typical)Trigger Sensitivity with Edge Trigger 2 div @ < 400 MHz 2 div @ < 600 MHz 2 div @ < 600 MHz 2 div @ < 1 GHz 2 div @ < 2 GHz (Ch 1–4 + external, DC, AC, and 1 div @ < 200 MHz 1 div @ < 200 MHz 1 div @ < 200 MHz 1 div @ < 200 MHz 1 div @ < 200 MHz LFrej coupling)Max. Trigger Frequency with400 MHz 600 MHz 600 MHz 1 GHz2 GHzSMART Trigger™ (Ch 1–4 + external)@ ≥ 10 mV@ ≥ 10 mV@ ≥ 10 mV@ ≥ 10 mV@ ≥ 10 mVExternal Trigger RangeEXT/10 ±4 V; EXT ±400 mVBasic TriggersEdgeTriggers when signal meets slope (positive, negative, either, or Window) and level conditionTV-Composite VideoT riggers NTSC or PAL with selectable line and field; HDTV (720p, 1080i, 1080p) with selectable frame rate (50 or 60 Hz)and Line; or CUSTOM with selectable Fields (1–8), Lines (up to 2000), Frame Rates (25, 30, 50, or 60 Hz), Interlacing (1:1, 2:1, 4:1, 8:1), or Synch Pulse Slope (Positive or Negative)SMART TriggersState or Edge Qualified Triggers on any input source only if a defined state or edge occurred on another input source.Delay between sources is selectable by time or eventsQualified First In Sequence acquisition mode, triggers repeatedly on event B only if a defined pattern, state, or edge (event A) is satisfied in the first segment of the acquisition. Delay between sources is selectable by time or events Dropout Triggers if signal drops out for longer than selected time between 1 ns and 20 s.PatternLogic combination (AND, NAND, OR, NOR) of 5 inputs (4 channels and external trigger input – 2 Ch+EXT on WaveRunner 62Xi-A). Each source can be high, low, or don’t care. The High and Low level can be selected independently. Triggers at start or end of the patternSMART Triggers with Exclusion TechnologyGlitch and Pulse Width Triggers on positive or negative glitches with widths selectable from 500 ps to 20 s or on intermittent faults (subject to bandwidth limit of oscilloscope)Signal or Pattern IntervalTriggers on intervals selectable between 1 ns and 20 sTimeout (State/Edge Qualified)Triggers on any source if a given state (or transition edge) has occurred on another source.Delay between sources is 1 ns to 20 s, or 1 to 99,999,999 eventsRuntTrigger on positive or negative runts defined by two voltage limits and two time limits. Select between 1 ns and 20 sSlew RateTrigger on edge rates. Select limits for dV, dt, and slope. Select edge limits between 1 ns and 20 s Exclusion TriggeringTrigger on intermittent faults by specifying the normal width or periodLeCroy WaveStream Fast Viewing ModeIntensity256 Intensity Levels, 1–100% adjustable via front panel control Number of Channels up to 4 simultaneouslyMax Sampling Rate5 GS/s (10 GS/s for WR 62Xi-A, 64Xi-A/64MXi-A,104Xi-A/104MXi-A, 204Xi-A/204MXi-A in interleaved mode)Waveforms/second (continuous)Up to 20,000 waveforms/secondOperationFront panel toggle between normal real-time mode and LeCroy WaveStream Fast Viewing modeAutomatic SetupAuto SetupAutomatically sets timebase, trigger, and sensitivity to display a wide range of repetitive signalsVertical Find ScaleAutomatically sets the vertical sensitivity and offset for the selected channels to display a waveform with maximum dynamic range44Xi-A 64Xi-A 62Xi-A104Xi-A 204Xi-A Probes44MXi-A 64MXi-A104MXi-A 204MXi-AProbesOne Passive probe per channel; Optional passive and active probes available Probe System; ProBus Automatically detects and supports a variety of compatible probes Scale FactorsAutomatically or manually selected, depending on probe usedColor Waveform DisplayTypeColor 10.4" flat-panel TFT-LCD with high resolution touch screenResolutionSVGA; 800 x 600 pixels; maximum external monitor output resolution of 2048 x 1536 pixelsNumber of Traces Display a maximum of 8 traces. Simultaneously display channel, zoom, memory, and math traces Grid StylesAuto, Single, Dual, Quad, Octal, XY , Single + XY , Dual + XY Waveform StylesSample dots joined or dots only in real-time mode22Zoom Expansion TracesDisplay up to 4 Zoom/Math traces with 16 bits/data pointInternal Waveform MemoryM1, M2, M3, M4 Internal Waveform Memory (store full-length waveform with 16 bits/data point) or store to any number of files limited only by data storage mediaSetup StorageFront Panel and Instrument StatusStore to the internal hard drive, over the network, or to a USB-connected peripheral deviceInterfaceRemote ControlVia Windows Automation, or via LeCroy Remote Command Set Network Communication Standard VXI-11 or VICP , LXI Class C Compliant GPIB Port (Accessory)Supports IEEE – 488.2Ethernet Port 10/100/1000Base-T Ethernet interface (RJ-45 connector)USB Ports5 USB 2.0 ports (one on front of instrument) supports Windows-compatible devices External Monitor Port Standard 15-pin D-Type SVGA-compatible DB-15; connect a second monitor to use extended desktop display mode with XGA resolution Serial PortDB-9 RS-232 port (not for remote oscilloscope control)44Xi-A 64Xi-A 62Xi-A104Xi-A 204Xi-A Auxiliary Input44MXi-A 64MXi-A104MXi-A 204MXi-ASignal Types Selected from External Trigger or External Clock input on front panel Coupling50 Ω: DC, 1 M Ω: AC, DC, GND Maximum Input Voltage50 Ω: 5 V rms , 1 M Ω: 400 V max.50 Ω: 5 V rms , 1 M Ω: 250 V max. (DC + Peak AC ≤ 5 kHz)(DC + Peak AC ≤ 10 kHz)Auxiliary OutputSignal TypeTrigger Enabled, Trigger Output. Pass/Fail, or Off Output Level TTL, ≈3.3 VConnector TypeBNC, located on rear panelGeneralAuto Calibration Ensures specified DC and timing accuracy is maintained for 1 year minimumCalibratorOutput available on front panel connector provides a variety of signals for probe calibration and compensationPower Requirements90–264 V rms at 50/60 Hz; 115 V rms (±10%) at 400 Hz, Automatic AC Voltage SelectionInstallation Category: 300 V CAT II; Max. Power Consumption: 340 VA/340 W; 290 VA/290 W for WaveRunner 62Xi-AEnvironmentalTemperature: Operating+5 °C to +40 °C Temperature: Non-Operating -20 °C to +60 °CHumidity: Operating Maximum relative humidity 80% for temperatures up to 31 °C decreasing linearly to 50% relative humidity at 40 °CHumidity: Non-Operating 5% to 95% RH (non-condensing) as tested per MIL-PRF-28800F Altitude: OperatingUp to 3,048 m (10,000 ft.) @ ≤ 25 °C Altitude: Non-OperatingUp to 12,190 m (40,000 ft.)PhysicalDimensions (HWD)260 mm x 340 mm x 152 mm Excluding accessories and projections (10.25" x 13.4" x 6")Net Weight7.26kg. (16.0lbs.)CertificationsCE Compliant, UL and cUL listed; Conforms to EN 61326, EN 61010-1, UL 61010-1 2nd Edition, and CSA C22.2 No. 61010-1-04Warranty and Service3-year warranty; calibration recommended annually. Optional service programs include extended warranty, upgrades, calibration, and customization services23Product DescriptionProduct CodeWaveRunner Xi-A Series Oscilloscopes2 GHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/ChWaveRunner 204Xi-A(10 GS/s, 25 Mpts/Ch in interleaved mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen Display 1 GHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/ChWaveRunner 104Xi-A(10 GS/s, 25 Mpts/Ch in interleaved mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen Display 600 MHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/Ch WaveRunner 64Xi-A(10 GS/s, 25 Mpts/Ch in interleaved mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen Display 600 MHz, 2 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/Ch WaveRunner 62Xi-A(10 GS/s, 25 Mpts/Ch in interleaved mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen Display 400 MHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/Ch WaveRunner 44Xi-A(25 Mpts/Ch in interleaved mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen DisplayWaveRunner MXi-A Series Oscilloscopes2 GHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/ChWaveRunner 204MXi-A(10 GS/s, 25 Mpts/Ch in Interleaved Mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen Display 1 GHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/ChWaveRunner 104MXi-A(10 GS/s, 25 Mpts/Ch in Interleaved Mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen Display 600 MHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/Ch WaveRunner 64MXi-A(10 GS/s, 25 Mpts/Ch in Interleaved Mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen Display 400 MHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/Ch WaveRunner 44MXi-A(25 Mpts/Ch in Interleaved Mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen DisplayIncluded with Standard Configuration÷10, 500 MHz, 10 M Ω Passive Probe (Total of 1 Per Channel)Standard Ports; 10/100/1000Base-T Ethernet, USB 2.0 (5), SVGA Video out, Audio in/out, RS-232Optical 3-button Wheel Mouse – USB 2.0Protective Front Cover Accessory PouchGetting Started Manual Quick Reference GuideAnti-virus Software (Trial Version)Commercial NIST Traceable Calibration with Certificate 3-year WarrantyGeneral Purpose Software OptionsStatistics Software Package WRXi-STAT Master Analysis Software Package WRXi-XMAP (Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)Advanced Math Software Package WRXi-XMATH (Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)Intermediate Math Software Package WRXi-XWAV (Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)Value Analysis Software Package (Includes XWAV and JTA2) WRXi-XVAP (Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)Advanced Customization Software Package WRXi-XDEV (Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)Spectrum Analyzer and Advanced FFT Option WRXi-SPECTRUM Processing Web Editor Software Package WRXi-XWEBProduct Description Product CodeApplication Specific Software OptionsJitter and Timing Analysis Software Package WRXi-JTA2(Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)Digital Filter Software PackageWRXi-DFP2Disk Drive Measurement Software Package WRXi-DDM2PowerMeasure Analysis Software Package WRXi-PMA2Serial Data Mask Software PackageWRXi-SDM QualiPHY Enabled Ethernet Software Option QPHY-ENET*QualiPHY Enabled USB 2.0 Software Option QPHY-USB †EMC Pulse Parameter Software Package WRXi-EMC Electrical Telecom Mask Test PackageET-PMT* TF-ENET-B required. †TF-USB-B required.Serial Data OptionsI 2C Trigger and Decode Option WRXi-I2Cbus TD SPI Trigger and Decode Option WRXi-SPIbus TD UART and RS-232 Trigger and Decode Option WRXi-UART-RS232bus TD LIN Trigger and Decode Option WRXi-LINbus TD CANbus TD Trigger and Decode Option CANbus TD CANbus TDM Trigger, Decode, and Measure/Graph Option CANbus TDM FlexRay Trigger and Decode Option WRXi-FlexRaybus TD FlexRay Trigger and Decode Physical Layer WRXi-FlexRaybus TDP Test OptionAudiobus Trigger and Decode Option WRXi-Audiobus TDfor I 2S , LJ, RJ, and TDMAudiobus Trigger, Decode, and Graph Option WRXi-Audiobus TDGfor I 2S LJ, RJ, and TDMMIL-STD-1553 Trigger and Decode Option WRXi-1553 TDA variety of Vehicle Bus Analyzers based on the WaveRunner Xi-A platform are available.These units are equipped with a Symbolic CAN trigger and decode.Mixed Signal Oscilloscope Options500 MHz, 18 Ch, 2 GS/s, 50 Mpts/Ch MS-500Mixed Signal Oscilloscope Option 250 MHz, 36 Ch, 1 GS/s, 25 Mpts/ChMS-500-36(500 MHz, 18 Ch, 2 GS/s, 50 Mpts/Ch Interleaved) Mixed Signal Oscilloscope Option 250 MHz, 18 Ch, 1 GS/s, 10 Mpts/Ch MS-250Mixed Signal Oscilloscope OptionProbes and Amplifiers*Set of 4 ZS1500, 1.5 GHz, 0.9 pF , 1 M ΩZS1500-QUADPAK High Impedance Active ProbeSet of 4 ZS1000, 1 GHz, 0.9 pF , 1 M ΩZS1000-QUADPAK High Impedance Active Probe 2.5 GHz, 0.7 pF Active Probe HFP25001 GHz Active Differential Probe (÷1, ÷10, ÷20)AP034500 MHz Active Differential Probe (x10, ÷1, ÷10, ÷100)AP03330 A; 100 MHz Current Probe – AC/DC; 30 A rms ; 50 A rms Pulse CP03130 A; 50 MHz Current Probe – AC/DC; 30 A rms ; 50 A rms Pulse CP03030 A; 50 MHz Current Probe – AC/DC; 30 A rms ; 50 A peak Pulse AP015150 A; 10 MHz Current Probe – AC/DC; 150 A rms ; 500 A peak Pulse CP150500 A; 2 MHz Current Probe – AC/DC; 500 A rms ; 700 A peak Pulse CP5001,400 V, 100 MHz High-Voltage Differential Probe ADP3051,400 V, 20 MHz High-Voltage Differential Probe ADP3001 Ch, 100 MHz Differential Amplifier DA1855A*A wide variety of other passive, active, and differential probes are also available.Consult LeCroy for more information.Product Description Product CodeHardware Accessories*10/100/1000Base-T Compliance Test Fixture TF-ENET-B †USB 2.0 Compliance Test Fixture TF-USB-B External GPIB Interface WS-GPIBSoft Carrying Case WRXi-SOFTCASE Hard Transit CaseWRXi-HARDCASE Mounting Stand – Desktop Clamp Style WRXi-MS-CLAMPRackmount Kit WRXi-RACK Mini KeyboardWRXi-KYBD Removable Hard Drive Package (Includes removeable WRXi-A-RHD hard drive kit and two hard drives)Additional Removable Hard DriveWRXi-A-RHD-02* A variety of local language front panel overlays are also available .† Includes ENET-2CAB-SMA018 and ENET-2ADA-BNCSMA.Customer ServiceLeCroy oscilloscopes and probes are designed, built, and tested to ensure high reliability. In the unlikely event you experience difficulties, our digital oscilloscopes are fully warranted for three years, and our probes are warranted for one year.This warranty includes:• No charge for return shipping • Long-term 7-year support• Upgrade to latest software at no chargeLocal sales offices are located throughout the world. Visit our website to find the most convenient location.© 2010 by LeCroy Corporation. All rights reserved. Specifications, prices, availability, and delivery subject to change without notice. Product or brand names are trademarks or requested trademarks of their respective holders.1-800-5-LeCroy WRXi-ADS-14Apr10PDF。

Dynamic modelling for the hot blast stove

Dynamic modelling for the hot blast stoveJ.Zetterholm a ,b ,⇑,X.Ji a ,B.Sundelin c ,P.M.Martin d ,C.Wang b ,⇑aEnergy Science/Energy Engineering,LuleåUniversity of Technology,SE-97187Luleå,Sweden bSwerea MEFOS,Process Integration Department,Box 812,97125Luleå,Sweden cSSAB Special Steels,SE-61380Oxelösund,Sweden dSiemens VAI Metals Technologies,501Technology Drive,Canonsburg,PA 15317,United Statesh i g h l i g h t sA dynamic model for the hot blast stove system has been developed. The developed model was validated with experimental measurements.The effect of OxyFuel technique on the performance of hot blast stoves was studied. Increasing the cycle time of a stove system can increase the blast temperature.a r t i c l e i n f o Article history:Received 18September 2015Received in revised form 22February 2016Accepted 23February 2016Available online xxxx Keywords:Blast furnace stove Flame temperature Flue gasHeat transfer Hot blasta b s t r a c tA large amount of energy is required in the production of steel where the preheating of blast in the hot blast stoves for iron-making is one of the most energy-intensive processes.To improve the energy efﬁ-ciency of the steelmaking it is necessary to investigate how to improve the hot blast stove operation.In this work a mathematic model for evaluating the performance of the hot blast stove was developed using a ﬁnite difference approximation for the heat transfer inside the stove during operation.The developed model was calibrated and validated by using the process data from hot blast stove V26at SSABs plant in Oxelösund,Sweden.The investigation shows a good agreement between the measured and modelled data.As a case study,the developed model was used to simulate the effect of a new concept of OxyFuel tech-nique to hot blast stoves.The investigation shows that,by using this OxyFuel technique,it is possible to maintain the blast temperature while removing the usage of coke oven gas (COG).The saved COG can be used to replace some fossil fuel,such as oil and LPG.Furthermore,the effect of the cycle time on the single stove was studied.As expected,both the hot blast and ﬂue gas temperatures are increased when increasing the cycle time.This shows that it is a good strategy for the hot blast stove to increase the blast temperature if the stove is currently not operated with the max-imum allowed ﬂue-gas temperature.Ó2016Elsevier Ltd.All rights reserved.1.IntroductionAbout one third of the world primary energy consumption is from the manufacturing industries.The iron and steel industry (ISI)is the second largest energy user and accounts for 20%of the energy usage in the manufacturing industries.Due to the heavy reliance on fossil fuels as both energy carrier and reducing agent,the ISI is the largest CO 2emitter with nearly one third of the total CO 2emissions in the industrial sector.This corresponds to 4–5%of the world total global CO 2emission [1].Mitigating CO 2emissions from the ISI can be achieved either by introduction of renewable energy,breakthrough technologies or by further optimisation of current processes [2].Large scale introduc-tion of renewable energy has not yet been realised in the steelmak-ing process.Although charcoal has been used to replace pulverised coal (PC)in small blast furnaces (BF)in Brazil,it has not been tested in modern large-scale BF [3,4].A steel plant represents huge capital investments,and thus the optimisation of current processes is more practical nowadays,e.g.improving the efﬁciency of the equipment currently in operation.A more efﬁcient use of the process gases has shown a great potential to increase the energy efﬁciency of the entire steelworks and thus/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.1280306-2619/Ó2016Elsevier Ltd.All rights reserved.⇑Corresponding authors at:Energy Science/Energy Engineering,LuleåUniversityof Technology,SE-97187Luleå,Sweden.Tel.:+46920493514(J.Zetterholm);Swerea MEFOS,Process Integration Department,Box 812,97125Luleå,Sweden.Tel.:+46920245223(C.Wang).E-mail addresses:jonas.zetterholm@ltu.se (J.Zetterholm),chuan.wang@swerea.se (C.Wang).reduce the CO 2emissions from the process [5].With improved management of the process gases,the speciﬁc cost for production will also be decreased [6].The blast furnace–basic oxygen furnace (BF–BOF)process accounts for nearly 70%of the world crude steel production [1].The electric arc furnace (EAF)process is another option,however,its production route is mainly limited by the availability of scrap [7].Considering the long investment cycles in the ISI,the BF–BOF process will maintain the dominant pathway for the production of steel in the coming years.Hot blast stoves are very important auxiliary equipment to the BF process,providing hot air,called blast,to the process.The function of the hot blast stove is to provide high-temperature blast to the BF at aimprove their performance has been identiﬁed as one focus.Sahin and Morari examined how to minimise the fuel usage for a stove system operating in staggered parallel by applying a Model Predic-tive Controller on the governing heat transfer equations [10].Other pathways such as installing heat exchangers for preheating com-bustion gases,enriching the combustion air with oxygen have also been proposed to improve the performance of the hot stove [11].The improved performance can be on the reduced enrichment gas,the reduced total energy usage or the increased hot blast tem-perature.Optimising the performance of the hot stove system to deliver a high-temperature hot blast will be of beneﬁt for the entire steelmaking process both in terms of energy usage and CO 2emis-sions.In fact,by increasing the temperature of the blast by 100°C,Nomenclature _m mass ﬂow rate (kg/s)c p speciﬁc heat capacity (J kg À1K À1)T temperature (K)_Q heat (W)qdensity (kg/m 3)V volume (m 3)t time (s)h convective heat transfer coefﬁcient (W m À2K À1)Re Reynolds number (dimensionless)Nu Nusselt number (dimensionless)f friction factorPr Prandtl number (dimensionless)ddiameter (m)ldynamic viscosity (N s m 2)y i volumetric fraction (dimensionless)kthermal conductivity (W m À1K À1)Uinteraction parameter (dimensionless)M molar weight (kg/mol)p pressure (Pa)u velocity (m/s)D x distance in ﬂow direction (m)Aarea (m 2)emissivity a absorptivityrStefan–Boltzmann constant (W m À2K À4)g gas ssolidFig.1.Schematic view of a hot blast stove system.2J.Zetterholm et al./Applied Energy xxx (2016)xxx–xxxThe hot blast stove can be divided into three sections:combus-tion chamber,dome,and chequerwork chamber.During the period of on-gas,the blast furnace gas(BFG)together with an enrichment gas is combusted and the hotﬂue gasﬂow through the combustion chamber,the dome,and then the chequerwork chamber.The che-querwork chamber isﬁlled with refractory bricks with channels to provide a large surface area for heat transfer as well as a large vol-ume for energy storage.The chequerwork brick is heated and stores the thermal energy.After on-gas,the stove is switched to on-blast where the cold blast is heated byﬂowing from the bottom of the chequerwork, through the dome and a part of the combustion chamber.When the hot blast leaves the stove,it is often mixed with a certain amount of the cold blast to produce a constantﬂow with a stable temperature before it is injected into the BF as illustrated in Fig.1.The hot blast stoves in many steel plants have been running for many years,and the performance can differ signiﬁcantly for each stove in the same system.To improve the performance of a stove system it is necessary to represent the performance and then investigate how changes to the operation would affect the perfor-mance of individual stoves.Initial modelling for the thermal regenerator has been devel-oped as design tools where the model assumed constant operation and properties[14].Varying gasﬂow rates and gas properties were included in the modelling by Willmott in1968[15].In1977Raze-los and Benjamin also considered the temperature-dependent solid-properties[16].Martin and Hass developed a model which relied on theﬁnite difference approximation for the heat transfer equation in1982[17],and this model included the combustion chamber and dome which had not previously been considered. More recently a predictive controller was developed by Muske et al.[14]which considered a detailed heat transfer model with temperature-dependent gas-and solid-properties dynamically. The three dimensionalﬂow through the stove was considered in the design tool developed by Kimura et al.[18].All the previous modelling work has only considered a single stove design.A new model covering a stove system needs to be developed in order to identify how the performance of the entire stove system will be affected by changes of the operation either in a single or in several stoves in the system.In this work,a model derived from the fundamental heat trans-fer equations was developed for the entire stove system with the consideration of e.g.the effect of gasﬂow,temperature and compo-sition on the convective and radiative heat transfer.The considera-tion of a stove system with the possibility of separate calibrations and layouts for each stove in the system was also included.Furthermore,with this developed model,a new concept of Oxy-Fuel developed by Linde gas was investigated.For theﬁrst time, this concept of stove oxygen enrichment withﬂue gas recirculation (SOE-FGR)was investigated with the developed dynamic model, and the effects on theﬂue gas temperature and hot blast temper-ature were examined for both individual stoves and the stove system.Additionally,a case study of the effect of a prolonged cycle time on the single stove was investigated in order to deﬁne the limits on the efﬁciency improvement.2.MethodThe developed model used aﬁnite difference approximation of the heat balance to represent the heat transfer inside the hot blast stove.For theﬁnite difference approximation,the stove was divided into steps in time andﬂow direction,i.e.time steps and physical steps which creates a‘‘calculation grid”where each nod represents a speciﬁc physical position in the stove at a speciﬁc point in time.Each calculation node consists of several elements representing gas and solid,respectively,as shown in Fig.2.The model considers three solid elements for each node in the ﬂow direction.Each node considers one element representing the surface volume,which is the solid volume adjacent to the gasﬂow, one element for the material next to the surface,and one element for the outer wall next to the ambient air.Initial/boundary conditions for the model were the initial solid temperature and the inletﬂue gas temperature.The inletﬂue gas temperature was calculated by assuming that all the fuel gas wasyout of a calculation node.fully combusted to adiabaticﬂame temperature at the bottom of the combustion chamber.By knowing the inlet gas and initial solid temperatures,the temperatures for each position in the stove dur-ing operation can be calculated from theﬁnite difference approxi-mation of the heat balance,i.e.:_m g c pg;jT pg;jþ1ÀT pg;j¼_Q con vþ_Q radð1Þq s;j c p s;j V s;j T pþ1s;jÀT p s;jD t¼_Qcon vþ_Q radþ_Q condð2Þwhere the subscripts g and s represent gas and solid,respectively, _m g is the gasﬂow,c p is the speciﬁc heat capacity,T is the tempera-ture,q is the density,V is the volume,and D t is the time-step size.The thermophysical properties of the solid material are temperature-dependent,and in this work they were derived from data obtained from the manufacturer.It was assumed that all channels in the stove can be approximated as circular tubes,and the heat transfer andﬂow were assumed to be equal in all channels inside the chequerwork.With these assumptions,the model can be simpliﬁed as a single channel.During the calculation of each node,the heat loss was deter-mined combining the conduction through the stove walls withthe convection from the outer wall to the ambient air.2.1.Gas modelConvective heat transfer is represented by Newton’s law of cooling,where the convective heat transfer coefﬁcient,h,can be obtained from the Nusselt number.Depending on the range of the Reynolds number,different correlations can be used to esti-mate the Nusselt number.For the fully developed laminarﬂow, for Re d<2300,the Nusselt number is3.66[19].ForGnielinski developed a correlation[20]with an error lessNu d¼f8ðRe dÀ1000ÞPr 1þ12:7ﬃﬃf8qðPr2=3À1ÞFor the case of Reynolds number where either the laminar and the Gnielinski correlation is invalid,tion for the laminar extreme and fully turbulentused which is valid for the range of2100<Re d<10,000Nu d¼0:116Re23dÀ125Pr131þd223!ll s0:14ð4ÞThe thermophysical properties of a gas were calculated consid-ering the impacts of pressure,temperature and gas composition.In the calculation of the gas properties,each species in the gas mix-ture has been treated as an ideal gas,and the speciﬁc heat capacity of the gas mixture can thus be calculated by:c p;mix¼Xyic p;ið5Þwhere y i and c p,i are the volumetric fraction and speciﬁc heat capac-ity of species i in the gas mixture,respectively.Mason and Saxena[21]developed a method which can be used to obtain the thermal conductivity of a known gas mixture:k m¼X ni¼1yik iP nj¼10:85yjU i;jð6Þwhere k i is the thermal conductivity of speciestion of species i,and U i,j is the interactionU i;j¼1þl i lj12M jM i142ﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃ81þM iM jrFig.3.Schematicﬁgure of the solver.Stove operating scenarios.Left:Common stove operation.Right:where M i is the molar weight of species i ,and l i is the viscosity of species i .Wilke [22]developed a method to obtain the dynamic viscosity of a known gas mixture:l m ¼X n i ¼1y i l iP n j ¼1y j U i ;jð8ÞFor each species in the gas mixture,the ﬁtted polynomials from the tabulated data were used for calculating the thermophysical properties which are presented in Appendix A :Gas properties.The pressure drop,D p ,of the gas in the ﬂow direction is calcu-lated from the friction factor,f ,by:D p ¼fq g u 2g2dD x ð9Þwhere q is the density,u is the velocity,d the hydraulic diameter,and D x is the length in the ﬂow direction.The friction factor depends on the losses from the friction against the wall and the expansion/contraction of the channel.The friction factor for the fully developed laminar ﬂow,Re d <2300[19],can be obtained by:f w ¼64dð10ÞBy assuming smooth tubes,the friction factor in the transitional ﬂow region and the fully developed turbulent ﬂow can be repre-sented with the correlation developed by Petukhov [23],which is valid for 3000<Re d <5Â106.f w ¼ð0:790ln ðRe D ÞÀ1:64ÞÀ2ð11ÞThe total friction factor is the summation of the wall friction factor,f w ,and the friction factor for expansion/contraction,f c ,i.e.:f ¼f w þf c ð12Þwhere the friction factor due to sudden expansion/contraction can be found from the cross sectional areas before and after the contraction/expansion:f c ¼1ÀA 1A 22ð13ÞBaehr and Stephan [24]described the radiative heat transfer from a gas to a grey,opaque and diffuse surface with:_Qrad ¼ s r A sa g Þð1À s Þg T 4g Àa g T 4sð14Þwhere e is the emissivity,a the absorptivity and r is the Stefan–Boltzmann constant.The emissivity and absorptivity depend on the partial pressure,temperature and the gas geometry of the radia-tive species which are mostly CO 2and H 2O.With low concentra-tions of CO 2and H 2O the radiative heat transfer between gas and solid can be neglected [19].In this work,the method developed by Modak [25]was used to calculate the emissivity of the gas.2.2.Model structureAn operating scenario can be simulated with the developed model by performing calculations for one full cycle of on-gas and on-blast.A schematic ﬁgure of the iterative solution used by the model is presented in Fig.3.The model provides an initial guess of the temperature of each solid element in the beginning of on-gas.After a full cycle the model will compare the initial and ﬁnal temperatures of each solid element and perform iterative calculations until the difference between initial and ﬁnal temperatures is less than a set conver-gence criterion.Similar calculations are performed by the model to calculate the hot blast going through the stove and the cold blast to the mixing chamber to deliver the target blast temperature.2.3.Model calibration and validationThe model was calibrated and validated using the process data of the hot blast stove V26at SSAB’s site in Oxelösund,Sweden.Inputs to the model were based on the measurements carried out for one cycle and the model was validated using the measured temperatures of the hot blast,ﬂue gas and dome.The dome temperature was not calculated in the model,how-ever,the measured dome temperature can be compared with the modelled gas temperature at the top of the chequerwork and with the modelled solid temperature of the top layer in the chequerwork.2.4.Case studiesUsing the calibrated model,case studies for different techniques to improve the stove performance were conducted.These case studies are described in this section.2.4.1.Stove oxygen enrichment with ﬂue gas recirculationThe stove oxygen enrichment with ﬂue gas recirculation (SOE-FGR)developed by Linde gas can be used to replace the combustion air during the ﬁring period with recirculated ﬂue gas and pure oxy-gen added [26].Using this technique it is possible to either remove the enrichment gas or increase the blast temperature.In SOE-FGR,the pure oxygen is used to combust the fuel gas,and the ﬂue gas is recirculated to decrease the ﬂame temperature.In addition to controlling the ﬂame temperature,the sensible heat in the ﬂue gases can be used and the CO 2-concentration is then increased [26].Since this type of operation is outside of the current operating practices,it is important to use a dynamic model to investigate the impact on the performance on the hot blast stove before the further practical implementation.Fig.4illustrates a common stove operation with SOE-FGR where COG has been removed.For comparison,the common stove operation is also illustrated in Fig.4.Table 1Input parameters for the investigation of ﬂue gas recirculation.Reference caseSOE-FGR Number of stoves33Blast-/changing-time (min)45/647.5/6Flame temperature (°C)12541254Blast temperature (°C)11141114Total blast ﬂow (kN m 3/h)90.090.0Cold blast temperature (°C)100.0100.0Total fuel gas ﬂow (per stove)(kN m 3/h)29.037.6COG in fuel gas (%)5.220Total ﬂue gas ﬂow (kN m 3/h)48.644.8LHV fuel (MJ/N m 3) 3.4 2.6Flue gas properties CO 2(%(vol.))24.9641.46N 2(%(vol.))67.0652.59O 2(%(vol.))0.900.90H 2O (%(vol.))7.085.04Table 2Scenarios investigated for prolonged cycle time in dynamic model.Scenario Blast time (min)Firing time (min)Ref 001b2f +1+22b4f +2+41b3f +1+32b6f+2+6J.Zetterholm et al./Applied Energy xxx (2016)xxx–xxx5In this investigation SOE-FGR has been evaluated in a three-stove system.The system is running in serial mode and each stove in the system has been conﬁgured with identical physical charac-teristics and calibrations.For this investigation the amount of O 2added to the recircu-lated ﬂue gas was adjusted to reach the same adiabatic ﬂame tem-perature as the reference case.The fuel gas ﬂow rate was adjusted to reach the same minimum hot blast temperature as for the refer-ence case.Listed in Table 1are the input parameters used for the reference and SOE-FGR case.2.4.2.Prolonged cycle timeTo improve the system performance it might be beneﬁcial to prolong the cycle time for the stoves.By increasing the cycle time,the ratio of the ﬁring time to the blast time increases,which might lead to an increased blast temperature.E.g.increasing the blast time with 1min for each stove in a four stove system operated in serial mode,the ﬁring time for each stove will increase with 3min.In this work,the developed model was used to analyse how a change in cycle-time would affect the performance of an individual stove.For the case studies,the inputs to the model were the aver-age values from the calibration period for the gas ﬂow rates,gas compositions and gas temperatures.The changes in cycle-time were investigated to reﬂect the increase in blast time with one and two minutes for a three-stove and a four-stove system,respectively.This gives an increase in blast and ﬁring time according to Table 2.3.Modelling results and discussionThe model calibration and the case studies performed with the calibrated model are shown in this section.3.1.Model calibration and validationThe model was validated by using the process data of the hot blast stove V26at SSAB Oxelösund.The measured process dataincludes the temperatures of grid,ﬂue gas,hot blast and dome,and they are illustrated in Fig.5.It should be mentioned that in the beginning of the on-gas and on-blast period,the measured temperatures of hot blast and ﬂue gas are unreliable.Therefore,these unreliable experimental data points have been removed in Fig.5.The model results were compared with the measured tempera-ture.The comparison is shown in Fig.5.The comparison results illustrated in Fig.5show an overall agreement between modelled and measured values.For the case of the ﬂue gas,the model overestimates its temperature in the beginning of the on-gas period,which also corresponds to the lar-gest discrepancy between modelled and measured temperatures with an error of 12.9%.In average,the discrepancy of the modelled and measured ﬂue-gas temperatures is with an error of 3.9%.It should be mentioned that in modelling,the ﬂue gas temperature refers to the temperature of the gas in the bottom of the chequer-work,while in measurements the detection was located outside of the stove.For the grid temperature,a system deviation was observed between the modelled and measured results.This deviation is mainly from that the grid temperature was measured on the cast iron support columns for the chequerwork,while the model results represent the temperature of the lowest layer in the chequerwork.Due to this,it is reasonable that the modelled results are higher than the measured values.As shown in Fig.5,the measured dome temperature agrees well with the modelled gas temperature during ﬁring and with the modelled solid temperature during blast.In measurements,a pyrometer was used to measure the dome temperature from radi-ation.During on-gas,the radiation from the hot gases was mea-sured,and during on-blast the radiation from the solid material in the dome was measured.As shown in Fig.5,during the on-gas phase,the uncertainty of the measured temperatures is high,which in part can be explained by variation in the gas ﬂows and compositions.The largest error between the modelled and mea-sured temperatures occur in the beginning of the period,however,6J.Zetterholm et al./Applied Energy xxx (2016)xxx–xxxthe discrepancy is less than 1.5%.For the entire on-blast period,the discrepancy is lower than 0.9%.For the case of the on-blast period,the model predicts a higher hot blast temperature in the beginning of the on-blast period of 13°C.This corresponds to a maximum error of 1.1%.In average the model is in good agreement with measured values and the dif-ference between modelled ad measured temperatures is lower than 0.6%.J.Zetterholm et al./Applied Energy xxx (2016)xxx–xxx 73.2.Case studiesThe results from the case studies performed in the calibrated model are shown and discussed in this section.3.2.1.SOE-FGRThe scenario for SOE-FGR was studied with the developed model,and the modelled results were compared with those in the reference case.The model results of the hot blast and ﬂue gas temperatures are presented for the reference and SOE-FGR cases,respectively,in Fig.6.The model results shows that by introducing SOE-FGR it is pos-sible to maintain the hot blast temperature while completely removing the usage of COG.For this particular case study the total fuel gas ﬂow rate to each speciﬁc stove was increased from 29to 37.6kN m 3/h to maintain the blast temperature.While there is an increased total ﬂow of fuel gas the total energy input to a single stove for one cycle is decreased by 0.9%.Additionally,there has been a slight decrease in the maximum ﬂue gas temperature,from 352to 339°C,as well as the total ﬂue gas ﬂow rate.This shows that for a stove which is limited by the max-imum ﬂue gas temperature or ﬂue gas ﬂow rate it is possible to use SOE-FGR to improve the performance of the hot blast stove.In addi-tion,it can foresee that with a decrease of the ﬂue gas volume it is possible to further increase the fuel gas ﬂow rate to make it possible to increase the blast temperature delivered to the BF which can increase the efﬁciency of the entire BF process.In order to quantify how the improvement of the hot blast stove with SOE-FGR operation the implications for the entire steelwork needs to be considered.This includes energy usage for production of oxygen as well as bal-ancing the reduction of COG in the hot blast stove with the possibil-ity to increase the blast temperature and thus reduce the coking rate.The usage of SOE-FGR increases the CO 2content in the ﬂue gas.For this case the CO 2content increases from 24.96%to 41.46%.This increase will be of beneﬁt if carbon capture and storage (CCS)is applied to reduce to CO 2emission from the process.3.2.2.The effect of prolonged cycle timeThe effect of the prolonged cycle time on the hot blast and ﬂue gas temperatures for the different cases is presented in Fig.7.For all the cases,the hot blast temperature is increased.For the case of 1b2f (i.e.the blast time prolong 1min while the ﬁring time prolong 2min)the hot blast temperature at the end of the blast period is only 0.6°C higher than reference.Based on the investigation,it is obvious that the ﬂue gas tem-perature is increased for all the ing this information it is possible to improve the performance of this hot blast stove,with respect to blast temperature,by increasing the cycle time.However,this can only be used when the stove is operated witha ﬂue gas temperature lower than the maximum allowed since it will increase the ﬂue gas temperature.4.ConclusionsA dynamic model for the hot blast stove operation was devel-oped in this work,extending from one single stove to a full stove system.The model is based on the ﬁnite difference approximation of the heat balance and calculates the thermophysical properties for both gas and solid with respect to time and position in the stove.The developed model was calibrated by representing the stove V26at SSAB,Oxelösund,and it shows that the model can be used to represent the stove operation.The model can be used to investigate the impacts of new oper-ating scenarios.In this work the use of SOE-FGR was investigated as a case study.The investigation shows that the utilisation of SOE-FGR is beneﬁcial for the stove operation,i.e.(1)it is possible to remove COG in the hot blast stove;(2)the ﬂue gas volume is decreased which can make it possible to increase the fuel gas ﬂow rate to the hot blast stove to increase the hot blast temperature.With an increase in the hot blast temperature,it is possible to increase the blast temperature which would improve the efﬁciency of the entire BF process;(3)in addition,the high CO 2content in the ﬂue gas will be an additional advantage if carbon capture and stor-age (CCS)is applied to mitigate the climate change.Additionally the effects of prolonging the cycle time on the stove were investigated.It shows that the performance,with respect to blast temperature,of a normally-functioning stove can be increased.This strategy should be possible to implement on stoves in operation where the maximum ﬂue gas temperature is lower than that allowed to the stack.AcknowledgementsThe authors gratefully acknowledge the European Commission for ﬁnancial support of this research work (OptiStove,Contract No.RFSR-CT-2012-0003).The Swedish partners would like to express thanks to the Swedish Energy Agency (Energimyn-digheten)for the ﬁnancial support (Project number:36278-1).Appendix A.Gas propertiesPolynomials for the thermophysical properties of the individual species in the gas mixture were developed from tabulated proper-ties.In Table A1ﬁtted curve polynomials for the speciﬁc heat capac-ity are presented.Temperatures in functions are inserted in kelvins.In Table A2the polynomials for the dynamic viscosity are presented.In Table A3the polynomials for the ﬁtted curve for the thermal conductivity are presented.Table A1The ﬁtted curve functions for speciﬁc heat capacity (kJ/kmol K)of each pure component.PolynomialData sourceCO 2À2:34195Á10À19T 6þ2:69908Á10À15T 5À1:331858Á10À11T 4þ3:753867Á10À8T 3À6:678246Á10À5T 2þ7:397397Á10À2T þ20:44229300–1100K NIST [27]900–3000°CKjällström et al.[28]N 21:738574Á10À19T 6À3:421514Á10À15T 5þ1:890669Á10À11T 4À4:663711Á10À8T 3þ5:505471Á10À5T 2À2:392943Á10À2T þ32:55086300–2000K NIST [27]O 24:062268Á10À19T 6À4:391720Á10À15T 5þ1:810703Á10À11T 4À3:482057Á10À8T 3þ2:882807Á10À5T 2À9:746809Á10À4T þ27:78288300–1000K NIST [27]800–3000°CKjällström et al.[28]H 2O1:216995Á10À18T 6À1:416316Á10À14T 5þ6:555617Á10À11T 4À1:532533Á10À7T 3þ1:865624Á10À4T 2À9:881868Á10À2T þ54:24358300–1260K NIST [27]1100–3000°CKjällström et al.[28]8J.Zetterholm et al./Applied Energy xxx (2016)xxx–xxx。

GSPBOX_-Atoolboxforsignalprocessingongraphs_

GSPBOX_-Atoolboxforsignalprocessingongraphs_GSPBOX:A toolbox for signal processing on graphsNathanael Perraudin,Johan Paratte,David Shuman,Lionel Martin Vassilis Kalofolias,Pierre Vandergheynst and David K.HammondMarch 16,2016AbstractThis document introduces the Graph Signal Processing Toolbox (GSPBox)a framework that can be used to tackle graph related problems with a signal processing approach.It explains the structure and the organization of this software.It also contains a general description of the important modules.1Toolbox organizationIn this document,we brie?y describe the different modules available in the toolbox.For each of them,the main functions are brie?y described.This chapter should help making the connection between the theoretical concepts introduced in [7,9,6]and the technical documentation provided with the toolbox.We highly recommend to read this document and the tutorial before using the toolbox.The documentation,the tutorials and other resources are available on-line 1.The toolbox has ?rst been implemented in MATLAB but a port to Python,called the PyGSP,has been made recently.As of the time of writing of this document,not all the functionalities have been ported to Python,but the main modules are already available.In the following,functions pre?xed by [M]:refer to the MATLAB implementation and the ones pre?xed with [P]:refer to the Python implementation. 1.1General structure of the toolbox (MATLAB)The general design of the GSPBox focuses around the graph object [7],a MATLAB structure containing the necessary infor-mations to use most of the algorithms.By default,only a few attributes are available (see section 2),allowing only the use of a subset of functions.In order to enable the use of more algorithms,additional ?elds can be added to the graph structure.For example,the following line will compute the graph Fourier basis enabling exact ?ltering operations.1G =gsp_compute_fourier_basis(G);Ideally,this operation should be done on the ?y when exact ?ltering is required.Unfortunately,the lack of well de?ned class paradigm in MATLAB makes it too complicated to be implemented.Luckily,the above formulation prevents any unnecessary data copy of the data contained in the structure G .In order to avoid name con?icts,all functions in the GSPBox start with [M]:gsp_.A second important convention is that all functions applying a graph algorithm on a graph signal takes the graph as ?rst argument.For example,the graph Fourier transform of the vector f is computed by1fhat =gsp_gft(G,f);1Seehttps://lts2.epfl.ch/gsp/doc/for MATLAB and https://lts2.epfl.ch/pygsp for Python.The full documentation is also avail-able in a single document:https://lts2.epfl.ch/gsp/gspbox.pdf1a r X i v :1408.5781v 2 [c s .I T ] 15 M a r 2016The graph operators are described in section4.Filtering a signal on a graph is also a linear operation.However,since the design of special?lters(kernels)is important,they are regrouped in a dedicated module(see section5).The toolbox contains two additional important modules.The optimization module contains proximal operators,projections and solvers compatible with the UNLocBoX[5](see section6).These functions facilitate the de?nition of convex optimization problems using graphs.Finally,section??is composed of well known graph machine learning algorithms.1.2General structure of the toolbox(Python)The structure of the Python toolbox follows closely the MATLAB one.The major difference comes from the fact that the Python implementation is object-oriented and thus allows for a natural use of instances of the graph object.For example the equivalent of the MATLAB call:1G=gsp_estimate_lmax(G);can be achieved using a simple method call on the graph object:1G.estimate_lmax()Moreover,the use of class for the"graph object"allows to compute additional graph attributes on the?y,making the code clearer as its MATLAB equivalent.Note though that functionalities are grouped into different modules(one per section below) and that several functions that work on graphs have to be called directly from the modules.For example,one should write:1layers=pygsp.operators.kron_pyramid(G,levels)This is the case as soon as the graph is the structure on which the action has to be performed and not our principal focus.In a similar way to the MATLAB implementation using the UNLocBoX for the convex optimization routines,the Python implementation uses the PyUNLocBoX,which is the Python port of the UNLocBoX. 2GraphsThe GSPBox is constructed around one main object:the graph.It is implemented as a structure in Matlab and as a class in Python.It stores the nodes,the edges and other attributes related to the graph.In the implementation,a graph is fully de?ned by the weight matrix W,which is the main and only required attribute.Since most graph structures are far from fully connected, W is implemented as a sparse matrix.From the weight matrix a Laplacian matrix is computed and stored as an attribute of the graph object.Different other attributes are available such as plotting attributes,vertex coordinates,the degree matrix,the number of vertices and edges.The list of all attributes is given in table1.2Attribute Format Data type DescriptionMandatory?eldsW N x N sparse matrix double Weight matrix WL N x N sparse matrix double Laplacian matrixd N x1vector double The diagonal of the degree matrixN scalar integer Number of verticesNe scalar integer Number of edgesplotting[M]:structure[P]:dict none Plotting parameterstype text string Name,type or short descriptiondirected scalar[M]:logical[P]:boolean State if the graph is directed or notlap_type text string Laplacian typeOptional?eldsA N x N sparse matrix[M]:logical[P]:boolean Adjacency matrixcoords N x2or N x3matrix double Vectors of coordinates in2D or3D.lmax scalar double Exact or estimated maximum eigenvalue U N x N matrix double Matrix of eigenvectorse N x1vector double Vector of eigenvaluesmu scalar double Graph coherenceTable1:Attributes of the graph objectThe easiest way to create a graph is the[M]:gsp_graph[P]:pygsp.graphs.Graph function which takes the weight matrix as input.This function initializes a graph structure by creating the graph Laplacian and other useful attributes.Note that by default the toolbox uses the combinatorial de?nition of the Laplacian operator.Other Laplacians can be computed using the[M]:gsp_create_laplacian[P]:pygsp.gutils.create_laplacian function.Please note that almost all functions are dependent of the Laplacian de?nition.As a result,it is important to select the correct de?nition at? rst.Many particular graphs are also available using helper functions such as:ring,path,comet,swiss roll,airfoil or two moons. In addition,functions are provided for usual non-deterministic graphs suchas:Erdos-Renyi,community,Stochastic Block Model or sensor networks graphs.Nearest Neighbors(NN)graphs form a class which is used in many applications and can be constructed from a set of points (or point cloud)using the[M]:gsp_nn_graph[P]:pygsp.graphs.NNGraph function.The function is highly tunable and can handle very large sets of points using FLANN[3].Two particular cases of NN graphs have their dedicated helper functions:3D point clouds and image patch-graphs.An example of the former can be seen in thefunction[M]:gsp_bunny[P]:pygsp.graphs.Bunny.As for the second,a graph can be created from an image by connecting similar patches of pixels together.The function[M]:gsp_patch_graph creates this graph.Parameters allow the resulting graph to vary between local and non-local and to use different distance functions [12,4].A few examples of the graphs are displayed in Figure1.3PlottingAs in many other domains,visualization is very important in graph signal processing.The most basic operation is to visualize graphs.This can be achieved using a call to thefunction[M]:gsp_plot_graph[P]:pygsp.plotting.plot_graph. In order to be displayable,a graph needs to have2D(or3D)coordinates(which is a?eld of the graph object).Some graphs do not possess default coordinates(e.g.Erdos-Renyi).The toolbox also contains routines to plot signals living on graphs.The function dedicated to this task is[M]:gsp_plot_ signal[P]:pygsp.plotting.plot_signal.For now,only1D signals are supported.By default,the value of the signal is displayed using a color coding,but bars can be displayed by passing parameters.3Figure 1:Examples of classical graphs :two moons (top left),community (top right),airfoil (bottom left)and sensor network (bottom right).The third visualization helper is a function to plot ?lters (in the spectral domain)which is called [M]:gsp_plot_filter [P]:pygsp.plotting.plot_filter .It also supports ?lter-banks and allows to automatically inspect the related frames.The results obtained using these three plotting functions are visible in Fig.2.4OperatorsThe module operators contains basics spectral graph functions such as Fourier transform,localization,gradient,divergence or pyramid decomposition.Since all operator are based on the Laplacian de? nition,the necessary underlying objects (attributes)are all stored into a single object:the graph.As a ?rst example,the graph Fourier transform [M]:gsp_gft [P]:pygsp.operators.gft requires the Fourier basis.This attribute can be computed with the function [M]:gsp_compute_fourier_basis[P]:/doc/c09ff3e90342a8956bec0975f46527d3240ca692.html pute_fourier_basis [9]that adds the ?elds U ,e and lmax to the graph structure.As a second example,since the gradient and divergence operate on the edges of the graph,a search on the edge matrix is needed to enable the use of these operators.It can be done with the routines [M]:gsp_adj2vec[P]:pygsp.operators.adj2vec .These operations take time and should4Figure 2:Visualization of graph and signals using plotting functions.NameEdge derivativefe (i,j )Laplacian matrix (operator)Available Undirected graph Combinatorial LaplacianW (i,j )(f (j )?f (i ))D ?WV Normalized Laplacian W (i,j ) f (j )√d (j )f (i )√d (i )D ?12(D ?W )D ?12V Directed graph Combinatorial LaplacianW (i,j )(f (j )?f (i ))12(D ++D ??W ?W ?)V Degree normalized Laplacian W (i,j ) f (j )√d ?(j )?f (i )√d +(i )I ?12D ?12+[W +W ?]D ?12V Distribution normalized Laplacianπ(i ) p (i,j )π(j )f (j )? p (i,j )π(i )f (i )12 Π12PΠ12+Π?12P ?Π12 VTable 2:Different de?nitions for graph Laplacian operator and their associated edge derivative.(For directed graph,d +,D +and d ?,D ?de?ne the out degree and in-degree of a node.π,Πis the stationary distribution of the graph and P is a normalized weight matrix W .For sake of clarity,exact de?nition of those quantities are not given here,but can be found in [14].)be performed only once.In MATLAB,these functions are called explicitly by the user beforehand.However,in Python they are automatically called when needed and the result stored as an attribute. The module operator also includes a Multi-scale Pyramid Transform for graph signals [6].Again,it works in two steps.Firstthe pyramid is precomputed with [M]:gsp_graph_multiresolution [P]:pygsp.operators.graph_multiresolution .Second the decomposition of a signal is performed with [M]:gsp_pyramid_analysis [P]:pygsp.operators.pyramid_analysis .The reconstruction uses [M]:gsp_pyramid_synthesis [P]:pygsp.operators.pyramid_synthesis .The Laplacian is a special operator stored as a sparse matrix in the ?eld L of the graph.Table 2summarizes the available de?nitions.We are planning to implement additional ones.5FiltersFilters are a special kind of linear operators that are so prominent in the toolbox that they deserve their own module [9,7,2,8,2].A ?lter is simply an anonymous function (in MATLAB)or a lambda function (in Python)acting element-by-element on the input.In MATLAB,a ?lter-bank is created simply by gathering these functions together into a cell array.For example,you would write:51%g(x)=x^2+sin(x)2g=@(x)x.^2+sin(x);3%h(x)=exp(-x)4h=@(x)exp(-x);5%Filterbank composed of g and h6fb={g,h};The toolbox contains many prede?ned design of?lter.They all start with[M]:gsp_design_in MATLAB and are in the module[P]:pygsp.filters in Python.Once a?lter(or a?lter-bank)is created,it can be applied to a signal with[M]: gsp_filter_analysis in MATLAB and a call to the method[P]:analysis of the?lter object in Python.Note that the toolbox uses accelerated algorithms to scale almost linearly with the number of sample[11].The available type of?lter design of the GSPBox can be classi?ed as:Wavelets(Filters are scaled version of a mother window)Gabor(Filters are shifted version of a mother window)Low passlter(Filters to de-noise a signal)High pass/Low pass separationlterbank(tight frame of2lters to separate the high frequencies from the low ones.No energy is lost in the process)Additionally,to adapt the?lter to the graph eigen-distribution,the warping function[M]:gsp_design_warped_translates [P]:pygsp.filters.WarpedTranslates can be used[10].6UNLocBoX BindingThis module contains special wrappers for the UNLocBoX[5].It allows to solve convex problems containing graph terms very easily[13,15,14,1].For example,the proximal operator of the graph TV norm is given by[M]:gsp_prox_tv.The optimization module contains also some prede?ned problems such as graph basis pursuit in[M]:gsp_solve_l1or wavelet de-noising in[M]:gsp_wavelet_dn.There is still active work on this module so it is expected to grow rapidly in the future releases of the toolbox.7Toolbox conventions7.1General conventionsAs much as possible,all small letters are used for vectors(or vector stacked into a matrix)and capital are reserved for matrices.A notable exception is the creation of nearest neighbors graphs.A variable should never have the same name as an already existing function in MATLAB or Python respectively.This makes the code easier to read and less prone to errors.This is a best coding practice in general,but since both languages allow the override of built-in functions,a special care is needed.All function names should be lowercase.This avoids a lot of confusion because some computer architectures respect upper/lower casing and others do not.As much as possible,functions are named after the action they perform,rather than the algorithm they use,or the person who invented it.No global variables.Global variables makes it harder to debug and the code is harder to parallelize.67.2MATLABAll function start by gsp_.The graph structure is always therst argument in the function call.Filters are always second.Finally,optional parameter are last.In the toolbox,we do use any argument helper functions.As a result,optional argument are generally stacked into a graph structure named param.If a transform works on a matrix,it will per default work along the columns.This is a standard in Matlab(fft does this, among many other functions).Function names are traditionally written in uppercase in MATLAB documentation.7.3PythonAll functions should be part of a module,there should be no call directly from pygsp([P]:pygsp.my_function).Inside a given module,functionalities can be further split in differentles regrouping those that are used in the same context.MATLAB’s matrix operations are sometimes ported in a different way that preserves the efciency of the code.When matrix operations are necessary,they are all performed through the numpy and scipy libraries.Since Python does not come with a plotting library,we support both matplotlib and pyqtgraph.One should install the required libraries on his own.If both are correctly installed,then pyqtgraph is favoured unless speci?cally speci?ed. AcknowledgementsWe would like to thanks all coding authors of the GSPBOX.The toolbox was ported in Python by Basile Chatillon,Alexandre Lafaye and Nicolas Rod.The toolbox was also improved by Nauman Shahid and Yann Sch?nenberger.References[1]M.Belkin,P.Niyogi,and V.Sindhwani.Manifold regularization:A geometric framework for learning from labeled and unlabeledexamples.The Journal of Machine Learning Research,7:2399–2434,2006.[2] D.K.Hammond,P.Vandergheynst,and R.Gribonval.Wavelets on graphs via spectral graph theory.Applied and ComputationalHarmonic Analysis,30(2):129–150,2011.[3]M.Muja and D.G.Lowe.Scalable nearest neighbor algorithms for high dimensional data.Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,IEEE Transactions on,36,2014.[4]S.K.Narang,Y.H.Chao,and A.Ortega.Graph-wavelet?lterbanks for edge-aware image processing.In Statistical Signal ProcessingWorkshop(SSP),2012IEEE,pages141–144.IEEE,2012.[5]N.Perraudin,D.Shuman,G.Puy,and P.Vandergheynst.UNLocBoX A matlab convex optimization toolbox using proximal splittingmethods.ArXiv e-prints,Feb.2014.[6] D.I.Shuman,M.J.Faraji,and P.Vandergheynst.A multiscale pyramid transform for graph signals.arXiv preprint arXiv:1308.4942,2013.[7] D.I.Shuman,S.K.Narang,P.Frossard,A.Ortega,and P.Vandergheynst.The emerging?eld of signal processing on graphs:Extendinghigh-dimensional data analysis to networks and other irregular domains.Signal Processing Magazine,IEEE,30(3):83–98,2013.7[8] D.I.Shuman,B.Ricaud,and P.Vandergheynst.A windowed graph Fourier transform.Statistical Signal Processing Workshop(SSP),2012IEEE,pages133–136,2012.[9] D.I.Shuman,B.Ricaud,and P.Vandergheynst.Vertex-frequency analysis on graphs.arXiv preprint arXiv:1307.5708,2013.[10] D.I.Shuman,C.Wiesmeyr,N.Holighaus,and P.Vandergheynst.Spectrum-adapted tight graph wavelet and vertex-frequency frames.arXiv preprint arXiv:1311.0897,2013.[11] A.Susnjara,N.Perraudin,D.Kressner,and P.Vandergheynst.Accelerated?ltering on graphs using lanczos method.arXiv preprintarXiv:1509.04537,2015.[12] F.Zhang and E.R.Hancock.Graph spectral image smoothing using the heat kernel.Pattern Recognition,41(11):3328–3342,2008.[13] D.Zhou,O.Bousquet,/doc/c09ff3e90342a8956bec0975f46527d3240ca692.html l,J.Weston,and B.Sch?lkopf.Learning with local and global consistency.Advances in neural informationprocessing systems,16(16):321–328,2004.[14] D.Zhou,J.Huang,and B.Sch?lkopf.Learning from labeled and unlabeled data on a directed graph.In the22nd international conference,pages1036–1043,New York,New York,USA,2005.ACM Press.[15] D.Zhou and B.Sch?lkopf.A regularization framework for learning from graph data.2004.8。

IND560 weighing terminal和Fill-560应用软件商品说明书

2Industrial Weighing and MeasuringDairy & CheeseNewsIncrease productivitywith efficient filling processesThe new IND560 weighing terminal enables you to boost speed and precision during the filling process. Choose from a wide range of scales and weigh modules to connect to the terminal.The versatile IND560 excels in control-ling filling and dosing applications, delivering best-in-class performance for fast and precise results in manual, semi-automatic or fully automatic operations. For more advanced filling, the Fill-560 application software adds additional sequences and component inputs. Without complex and costly programming you can quickly con-figure standard filling sequences, or create custom filling and blending applications for up to four compo-nents, that prompt operators for action and reduce errors.Ergonomic design Reducing operator errors is achieved through the large graphic display which provides visual signals.SmartTrac ™, the METTLER TOLEDO graphical display mode for manual operations, which clearly indicate sta-tus of the current weight in relation to the target value, helps operators to reach the fill target faster and more accurately.Connectivity and reliabilityMultiple connectivity options are offered to integrate applications into your con-trol system, e.g. Allen-Bradley ® RIO, Profibus ®DP or DeviceNet ™. Even in difficult vibrating environments, the TraxDSP ™ filtering system ensures fast and precise weighing results. High reli-ability and increased uptime are met through predictive maintenance with TraxEMT ™ Embedded MaintenanceTechnician.METTLER TOLEDO Dairy & Cheese News 22Speed up manual operations with flexible checkweighingB e n c h & F l o o r S c a l e sHygienic design, fast display readouts and the cutting-edge color backlight of the new BBA4x9 check scales and IND4x9 terminals set the standard for more efficient manual weigh-ing processes.Flexibility through customizationFor optimal static checkweighing the software modules ‘check’ and‘check+’ are the right solutions. They allow customization of the BBA4x9 and the IND4x9 for individual activi-ties and needs, e.g. manual portion-ing or over/under control. Flexibility is increased with the optional battery which permits mobility. Hygienic design Easy-to-clean equipment is vital in food production environments. Both the BBA4x9 scale and the IND4x9 ter-minal are designed after the EHEDGand NSF guidelines for use in hygi-enically sensitive areas.Even the back side of the scale stand has a smooth and closed surfacewhich protects from dirt and allowstrouble-free cleaning.Fast and preciseThe colorWeight ® display with a colored backlight gives fast, clear indication when the weight is with-in, below or above the tolerance.The color of the backlight can be chosen (any mixture of red, greenand blue) as well as the condition itrefers to (e.g. below tolerance). The ergonomic design enables operators to work more efficiently due to less exhaustion.Short stability time, typically between 0.5s and 0.8s, ensures high through-put and increased productivity.PublisherMettler-Toledo GmbH IndustrialSonnenbergstrasse 72CH-8603 Schwerzenbach SwitzerlandProductionMarCom IndustrialCH-8603 Schwerzenbach Switzerland MTSI 44099754Subject to technical changes © 06/2006 Mettler-Toledo GmbH Printed in SwitzerlandYellow – weight above toleranceGreen – weight within toleranceRed – weight below toleranceYour benefits• Fast and precise results and operations • Higher profitability• Ergonomic design, simple to operate • Mobility up to 13h due to optional batteryFast facts BBA4x9 and IND4x9• 6kgx1g, 15kgx2g, 30kgx5g (2x3000d), for higher capacity scales: IND4x9 terminal • Weights and measures approved versions 2x3000e • Functions: simple weighing, static checkweighing, dispensing • Color backlight, bar graph • Tolerances in weight or %• 99 Memory locations • Optional WLAN, battery• Meets the IP69k protection standardsagainst high-pressure and steam cleaning • Complete stainless steel construction Immediate checkweighing resultswith color Weight®EHEDGThe colored backlight of the LC display provides easy-to- recognize indication whether the weight is within the tolerancelimits or not.WLANMETTLER TOLEDO Dairy & Cheese News 23HACCP programs, GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice), pathogen monitoring and good cleaning practices are essential for effective food safety plans. Our scales are constructed for compliance with the latest hygienic design guidelines.Hygienic design to improve food safetyMETTLER TOLEDO supports you in complying with the latest food safety standards like BRC, IFS or ISO 22000 by offering solutions which are:• Compliant with EHEDG (European Hygienic Engineering & Design Group) and NSF (National Sanitation Foundation) guidelines • Full V2A stainless steel construc-tions, optional V4A load plates • Smooth surface (ra < 0.8μm)• Easy-to-clean construction, no exposed holes • Radius of inside corners > 3mm• Ingress protection rating up to IP69k• Hermetically sealed loadcellsYour benefits• Reduce biological and chemical contamination risks • Fast and thorough cleaning procedures • Fulfillment of hygiene regulations • Long equipment life thanks to rugged designGuaranteed serviceKeep your business runningAvoid unnecessary downtime with our wide range of service packages.With a range of innovative service solutions offering regulatory compli-ance, equipment calibration, train-ing, routine service and breakdown assistance, you can profit from sus-tained uptime, together with ongoing performance verification and long life of equipment. There is a range of contract options designed to comple-ment your existing quality systems. Each one offers its own unique set of benefits depending on the equipment and its application.4/serviceFast facts PUA579 low profile scale • 300kgx0.05kg – 1500kgx0.2kg • Open design• Lifting device for easy cleaning • EHEDG conform(300 and 600kg models -CS/-FL)• Free size scale dimensions • Approach rampsExample:PUA579 first EHEDG conform floor scaleEHEDGW e i g h P r i c e L a b e l i n gChallenges faced in the packaging area are:• Responding quickly to retailer demands while improving margins • Improving pack presentation • Minimizing downtime and product giveawaysWith a complete offering of cutting-edge weighing technology, high-per-formance printing, and smart soft-ware solutions, we can help you tackle your labeling challenges whether they are very simple or highly demanding. Intuitive human-machine interfaceTouch-screen operator displays withgraphical icons guide the operator intuitively and reduce nearly every operation to just one or two key-strokes. This interface allows reduced operator training as well as increased operating efficiency.Advanced ergonomics and sani-tary designOur weigh-price labelers are made out of stainless steel for extensive pro-tection against food contamination. Careful attention to hygienic design requirements, with no dead spots and few horizontal parts, ensure that the labelers are easy to clean.Modular designOur product offering includes both manual and automatic weigh-price labelers constructed of flexible “build-ing blocks.” Different combinations and configurations can meet specific budget and operational requirements. METTLER TOLEDO will help you toselect the right:• Scale performance • Display technology • Memory capacity • IT connections • Degree of automation• Integration kitsA large range of options and peripher-als give flexibility for meeting unique requirements e.g. wireless network, hard disks, external keyboards, bar code scanners, RFID transponder, dynamic checkweighing, or metal detection.Weigh-price-labeling Ergonomic, modular, fastEtica 2300 standard manual labelerFor individual weight labeling of various products, high- speed weighing, smart printing and fast product changes are essential. METTLER TOLEDO offers static and automated solutions for both manual and high-speed prepack applica-tions. Choose from our Etica and PAS product range.METTLER TOLEDO Dairy & Cheese News 24Etica 2400i combination with automatic stretch wrappersEtica 2430G multi-conveyer weigh-price labeler rangeEfficient label applicatorsThe unique Etica label applicator (Etica G series) does not require an air compressor, allowing savings on initial equipment expense and ongo-ing maintenance costs. Labels are gently applied in any pre-memorized orientation.PAS systems provide motorized height adjustment and places the label in any corner of the package. Users will have a new degree of freedom in planning their case display layouts to maximize both product presentation and consumer impact.Smart label design tools Retailers want labels to carry clear, correct information, in accordance with their traceability and style requirements. Our solutions are equipped with labeldesign software tools which facili-tate the design of labels customizedfor retailers demands. A touch-screenallows the user to create specific labels– even with scanned elements such aslogos and graphics, pre-programmedlabel templates, or RFID.Versatile integration capabilitiesThe engineers at METTLER TOLEDOworked closely with Europe’s leadingautomatic stretch wrapper suppliersto design performance-enhancingand cost-effective weigh-wrap-labelsystem solutions. Achieving a smallsystem footprint means the systemsrequire only slightly more floor spacethan the wrapper alone.The PAS and Etica weigh-price label-ers can be integrated via TCP/IP ina METTLER TOLEDO scale network,in host computer systems and goodsmanagement systems.Etica weigh-price-labeling systems• Static and automatic weigh-price-labeling up to 55 pieces/min.• Operator displays:– 5.7” color back-lighted LCD (Etica 2300 series)– 10.4” high resolution touch screen (Etica 4400 series)• 3 inch graphic thermal printer (125 to 250mm/sec) withfully programmable label format (max. size 80x200mm)• Data memory:– 64 to 256 Mb RAM– 128 Mb to 10 Gb mass storage– Unlimited number of logo graphics and label descriptions• Interfaces:– 1 serial RS232 interface– Optional second RS232 + RS485 + Centronics port– Ethernet network communication interface(10baseT), TCP/IP, 2 USB ports (1)– Optional: hand-held bar code scanner for automatictraceability data processingGarvens PAS 3008/3012 price labelersEtica 4400METTLER TOLEDO Dairy & Cheese News 2FlexMount ® weigh moduleFast, reproducible and reliable batch-ing and filling are key success factors for your production process. Various factors can affect precision: foam can compromise optical/radar sensors, and solids do not distribute evenly in a tank or silo. Our weighing techno-logy is not affected by these condi-tions and provides direct, accurate and repeatable measurement of mass without media contact. In addition our range of terminals and transmit-ters/sensors enable easy connectivity to your control systems.Key customer benefits• Increased precision and consistencyof your material transfer processes• Faster batching process throughsupreme TraxDSP ™ noise and vibration filtering • Minimal maintenance cost Fast facts terminals/transmitters: PTPN and IND130• Exclusive TraxDSP ™ vibration rejection and superior noise filter-ing system • Easy data integration through a variety of interfaces, including Serial, Allen-Bradley ® RIO, Modbus Plus ®, Profibus ® and DeviceNET • IP65 stainless harsh versionsProcess terminal PTPN• Local display for weight indication and calibration checks • Panel-mount or stainless steel desk enclosureIND130 smart weight transmitter• Direct connectivity where no local display is required • Quick setup and run via PC tool • CalFREE ™ offers fast and easy cali-bration without test weights • DIN rail mounting versionPLCIND1306Tank and silo weighing solutions master your batching processesT a n k & S i l o W e i g h i n g S o l u t i o n sBoost your productivity and process uptime with reliable weighing equipment – improved batching speed and precision, maximum uptime at low maintenance cost.TraxDSP ™ ensures accurate results evenin difficult environments with vibrationPTPN process terminalMETTLER TOLEDO Dairy & Cheese News 27Quality data under control?We have the right solutionConsistently improving the quality of your products requires the ability of efficiently controlling product and package quality parameters in a fast-changing and highly competi-tive environment.Competition in the food industry –with high volumes but tight margins – causes demands for efficient quality assurance systems. Statistical Quality Control (SQC) systems for permanent online information and documenta-tion about your key quality para-meters convert into real cost savings.Our solutions for Statistical Quality Control (SQC) combine ease of opera-tion, quality data management and analysis functionality.• We offer mobile compact solutions with embedded SQC intelligence up to networked systems with an SQL database.• The systems are upgradeable and can be expanded and adapted to meet changing customer needs.• Simple and intuitive prompts guide the user through the sample proc-ess, reducing training costs as well as sampling errors.• Realtime analysis and alarms help to take immediate corrective measures and to save money by reducing overfilling.Throughout the manufacturing pro-cess, METTLER TOLEDO SQC solu-tions analyze your important product and package quality parameters andpresent them the way you want, help-ing to comply to legislation, to control and document your product qualityand your profitability.Metal detectionCheckweigher Sample check ® onlinequality data analysis/dairy-cheeseFor more informationMettler-Toledo GmbH CH-8606 Greifensee SwitzerlandTel. +41 44 944 22 11Fax +41 44 944 30 60Your METTLER TOLEDO contact:1. SevenGo ™ portable pH-meter2. In-line turbidity, pH and conductivity sensors3. DL22 Food and beverage analyzer4. Halogen moisture analyzersA wide range of solutions to improve processes1. Statistical Quality Control/Statistical Process Control2. Process weighing3. Predictive maintenance4. Methods of moisture content determinationShare our knowledgeLearn from our specialists – our knowledge and experience are at your disposal in print or online.Learn more about all of our solutions for the dairy and cheese industry at our website. You can find information on a wide range of topics to improve your processes, including case studies,application stories, return-on invest-ment calculators, plus all the product information you need to make aninformed decision.1 2 341423。

NXP SCM-i.MX 6 Series Yocto Linux 用户指南说明书

© 2017 NXP B.V.SCM-i.MX 6 Series Yocto Linux User'sGuide1. IntroductionThe NXP SCM Linux BSP (Board Support Package) leverages the existing i.MX 6 Linux BSP release L4.1.15-2.0.0. The i.MX Linux BSP is a collection of binary files, source code, and support files that can be used to create a U-Boot bootloader, a Linux kernel image, and a root file system. The Yocto Project is the framework of choice to build the images described in this document, although other methods can be also used.The purpose of this document is to explain how to build an image and install the Linux BSP using the Yocto Project build environment on the SCM-i.MX 6Dual/Quad Quick Start (QWKS) board and the SCM-i.MX 6SoloX Evaluation Board (EVB). This release supports these SCM-i.MX 6 Series boards:• Quick Start Board for SCM-i.MX 6Dual/6Quad (QWKS-SCMIMX6DQ)• Evaluation Board for SCM-i.MX 6SoloX (EVB-SCMIMX6SX)NXP Semiconductors Document Number: SCMIMX6LRNUGUser's GuideRev. L4.1.15-2.0.0-ga , 04/2017Contents1. Introduction........................................................................ 1 1.1. Supporting documents ............................................ 22. Enabling Linux OS for SCM-i.MX 6Dual/6Quad/SoloX .. 2 2.1. Host setup ............................................................... 2 2.2. Host packages ......................................................... 23.Building Linux OS for SCM i.MX platforms .................... 3 3.1. Setting up the Repo utility ...................................... 3 3.2. Installing Yocto Project layers ................................ 3 3.3. Building the Yocto image ....................................... 4 3.4. Choosing a graphical back end ............................... 4 4. Deploying the image .......................................................... 5 4.1. Flashing the SD card image .................................... 5 4.2. MFGTool (Manufacturing Tool) ............................ 6 5. Specifying displays ............................................................ 6 6. Reset and boot switch configuration .................................. 7 6.1. Boot switch settings for QWKS SCM-i.MX 6D/Q . 7 6.2. Boot switch settings for EVB SCM-i.MX 6SoloX . 8 7. SCM uboot and kernel repos .............................................. 8 8. References.......................................................................... 8 9.Revision history (9)Enabling Linux OS for SCM-i.MX 6Dual/6Quad/SoloX1.1. Supporting documentsThese documents provide additional information and can be found at the NXP webpage (L4.1.15-2.0.0_LINUX_DOCS):•i.MX Linux® Release Notes—Provides the release information.•i.MX Linux® User's Guide—Contains the information on installing the U-Boot and Linux OS and using the i.MX-specific features.•i.MX Yocto Project User's Guide—Contains the instructions for setting up and building the Linux OS in the Yocto Project.•i.MX Linux®Reference Manual—Contains the information about the Linux drivers for i.MX.•i.MX BSP Porting Guide—Contains the instructions to port the BSP to a new board.These quick start guides contain basic information about the board and its setup:•QWKS board for SCM-i.MX 6D/Q Quick Start Guide•Evaluation board for SCM-i.MX 6SoloX Quick Start Guide2. Enabling Linux OS for SCM-i.MX 6Dual/6Quad/SoloXThis section describes how to obtain the SCM-related build environment for Yocto. This assumes that you are familiar with the standard i.MX Yocto Linux OS BSP environment and build process. If you are not familiar with this process, see the NXP Yocto Project User’s Guide (available at L4.1.15-2.0.0_LINUX_DOCS).2.1. Host setupTo get the Yocto Project expected behavior on a Linux OS host machine, install the packages and utilities described below. The hard disk space required on the host machine is an important consideration. For example, when building on a machine running Ubuntu, the minimum hard disk space required is about 50 GB for the X11 backend. It is recommended that at least 120 GB is provided, which is enough to compile any backend.The minimum recommended Ubuntu version is 14.04, but the builds for dizzy work on 12.04 (or later). Earlier versions may cause the Yocto Project build setup to fail, because it requires python versions only available on Ubuntu 12.04 (or later). See the Yocto Project reference manual for more information.2.2. Host packagesThe Yocto Project build requires that the packages documented under the Yocto Project are installed for the build. Visit the Yocto Project Quick Start at /docs/current/yocto-project-qs/yocto-project-qs.html and check for the packages that must be installed on your build machine.The essential Yocto Project host packages are:$ sudo apt-get install gawk wget git-core diffstat unzip texinfo gcc-multilib build-essential chrpath socat libsdl1.2-devThe i.MX layers’ host packages for the Ubuntu 12.04 (or 14.04) host setup are:$ sudo apt-get install libsdl1.2-dev xterm sed cvs subversion coreutils texi2html docbook-utils python-pysqlite2 help2man make gcc g++ desktop-file-utils libgl1-mesa-dev libglu1-mesa-dev mercurial autoconf automake groff curl lzop asciidocThe i.MX layers’ host packages for the Ubuntu 12.04 host setup are:$ sudo apt-get install uboot-mkimageThe i.MX layers’ host packages for the Ubuntu 14.04 host s etup are:$ sudo apt-get install u-boot-toolsThe configuration tool uses the default version of grep that is on your build machine. If there is a different version of grep in your path, it may cause the builds to fail. One workaround is to rename the special versi on to something not containing “grep”.3. Building Linux OS for SCM i.MX platforms3.1. Setting up the Repo utilityRepo is a tool built on top of GIT, which makes it easier to manage projects that contain multiple repositories that do not have to be on the same server. Repo complements the layered nature of the Yocto Project very well, making it easier for customers to add their own layers to the BSP.To install the Repo utility, perform these steps:1.Create a bin folder in the home directory.$ mkdir ~/bin (this step may not be needed if the bin folder already exists)$ curl /git-repo-downloads/repo > ~/bin/repo$ chmod a+x ~/bin/repo2.Add this line to the .bashrc file to ensure that the ~/bin folder is in your PATH variable:$ export PATH=~/bin:$PATH3.2. Installing Yocto Project layersAll the SCM-related changes are collected in the new meta-nxp-imx-scm layer, which is obtained through the Repo sync pointing to the corresponding scm-imx branch.Make sure that GIT is set up properly with these commands:$ git config --global "Your Name"$ git config --global user.email "Your Email"$ git config --listThe NXP Yocto Project BSP Release directory contains the sources directory, which contains the recipes used to build, one (or more) build directories, and a set of scripts used to set up the environment. The recipes used to build the project come from both the community and NXP. The Yocto Project layers are downloaded to the sources directory. This sets up the recipes that are used to build the project. The following code snippets show how to set up the SCM L4.1.15-2.0.0_ga Yocto environment for the SCM-i.MX 6 QWKS board and the evaluation board. In this example, a directory called fsl-arm-yocto-bsp is created for the project. Any name can be used instead of this.Building Linux OS for SCM i.MX platforms3.2.1. SCM-i.MX 6D/Q quick start board$ mkdir fsl-arm-yocto-bsp$ cd fsl-arm-yocto-bsp$ repo init -u git:///imx/fsl-arm-yocto-bsp.git -b imx-4.1-krogoth -m scm-imx-4.1.15-2.0.0.xml$ repo sync3.2.2. SCM-i.MX 6SoloX evaluation board$ mkdir my-evb_6sxscm-yocto-bsp$ cd my-evb_6sxscm-yocto-bsp$ repo init -u git:///imx/fsl-arm-yocto-bsp.git -b imx-4.1-krogoth -m scm-imx-4.1.15-2.0.0.xml$ repo sync3.3. Building the Yocto imageNote that the quick start board for SCM-i.MX 6D/Q and the evaluation board for SCM-i.MX 6SoloX are commercially available with a 1 GB LPDDR2 PoP memory configuration.This release supports the imx6dqscm-1gb-qwks, imx6dqscm-1gb-qwks-rev3, and imx6sxscm-1gb-evb. Set the machine configuration in MACHINE= in the following section.3.3.1. Choosing a machineChoose the machine configuration that matches your reference board.•imx6dqscm-1gb-qwks (QWKS board for SCM-i.MX 6DQ with 1 GB LPDDR2 PoP)•imx6dqscm-1gb-qwks-rev3 (QWKS board Rev C for SCM-i.MX 6DQ with 1GB LPDDR2 PoP) •imx6sxscm-1gb-evb (EVB for SCM-i.MX 6SX with 1 GB LPDDR2 PoP)3.4. Choosing a graphical back endBefore the setup, choose a graphical back end. The default is X11.Choose one of these graphical back ends:•X11•Wayland: using the Weston compositor•XWayland•FrameBufferSpecify the machine configuration for each graphical back end.The following are examples of building the Yocto image for each back end using the QWKS board for SCM-i.MX 6D/Q and the evaluation board for SCM-i.MX 6SoloX. Do not forget to replace the machine configuration with what matches your reference board.3.4.1. X11 image on QWKS board Rev C for SCM-i.MX 6D/Q$ DISTRO=fsl-imx-x11 imx6dqscm-1gb-qwks-rev3 source fsl-setup-release.sh -b build-x11$ bitbake fsl-image-gui3.4.2. FrameBuffer image on evaluation board for SCM-i.MX 6SX$ DISTRO=fsl-imx-fb MACHINE=imx6sxscm-1gb-evb source fsl-setup-release.sh –b build-fb-evb_6sxscm$ bitbake fsl-image-qt53.4.3. XWayland image on QWKS board for SCM-i.MX 6D/Q$ DISTRO=fsl-imx-xwayland MACHINE=imx6dqscm-1gb-qwks source fsl-setup-release.sh –b build-xwayland$ bitbake fsl-image-gui3.4.4. Wayland image on QWKS board for SCM-i.MX 6D/Q$ DISTRO=fsl-imx-wayland MACHINE=imx6dqscm-1gb-qwks source fsl-setup-release.sh -b build-wayland$ bitbake fsl-image-qt5The fsl-setup-release script installs the meta-fsl-bsp-release layer and configures theDISTRO_FEATURES required to choose the graphical back end. The –b parameter specifies the build directory target. In this build directory, the conf directory that contains the local.conf file is created from the setup where the MACHINE and DISTRO_FEATURES are set. The meta-fslbsp-release layer is added into the bblayer.conf file in the conf directory under the build directory specified by the –e parameter.4. Deploying the imageAfter the build is complete, the created image resides in the <build directory>/tmp/deploy/images directory. The image is (for the most part) specific to the machine set in the environment setup. Each image build creates the U-Boot, kernel, and image type based on the IMAGE_FSTYPES defined in the machine configuration file. Most machine configurations provide the SD card image (.sdcard), ext4, and tar.bz2. The ext4 is the root file system only. The .sdcard image contains the U-Boot, kernel, and rootfs, completely set up for use on an SD card.4.1. Flashing the SD card imageThe SD card image provides the full system to boot with the U-Boot and kernel. To flash the SD card image, run this command:$ sudo dd if=<image name>.sdcard of=/dev/sd<partition> bs=1M && syncFor more information about flashing, see “P reparing an SD/MMC Card to Boot” in the i.MX Linux User's Guide (document IMXLUG).Specifying displays4.2. MFGTool (Manufacturing Tool)MFGTool is one of the ways to place the image on a device. To download the manufacturing tool for the SCM-i.MX 6D/Q and for details on how to use it, download the SCM-i.MX 6 Manufacturing Toolkit for Linux 4.1.15-2.0.0 under the "Downloads" tab from /qwks-scm-imx6dq. Similarly, download the manufacturing tool for the SCM-i.MX 6SoloX evaluation board under the "Downloads" tab from /evb-scm-imx6sx.5. Specifying displaysSpecify the display information on the Linux OS boot command line. It is not dependent on the source of the Linux OS image. If nothing is specified for the display, the settings in the device tree are used. Find the specific parameters in the i.MX 6 Release Notes L4.1.15-2.0.0 (available at L4.1.15-2.0.0_LINUX_DOCS). The examples are shown in the following subsections. Interrupt the auto-boot and enter the following commands.5.1.1. Display options for QWKS board for SCM-i.MX 6D/QHDMI displayU-Boot > setenv mmcargs 'setenv bootargs console=${console},${baudrate} ${smp}root=${mmcroot} video=mxcfb0:dev=hdmi,1920x1080M@60,if=RGB24'U-Boot > run bootcmd5.1.2. Display options for EVB for SCM-i.MX 6SXNote that the SCM-i.MX 6SX EVB supports HDMI with a HDMI accessory card (MCIMXHDMICARD) that plugs into the LCD connector on the EVB.Accessory boards:•The LVDS connector pairs with the NXP MCIMX-LVDS1 LCD display board.•The LCD expansion connector (parallel, 24-bit) pairs with the NXP MCIMXHDMICARD adapter board.LVDS displayU-Boot > setenv mmcargs 'setenv bootargs console=${console},${baudrate} ${smp}root=${mmcroot} ${dmfc} video=mxcfb0:dev=ldb,1024x768M@60,if=RGB666 ldb=sep0'U-Boot > run bootcmdHDMI display (dual display for the HDMI as primary and the LVDS as secondary)U-Boot > setenv mmcargs 'setenv bootargs console=${console},${baudrate} ${smp}root=${mmcroot} video=mxcfb0:dev=hdmi,1920x1080M@60,if=RGB24video=mxcfb1:dev=ldb,LDBXGA,if=RGB666'U-Boot > run bootcmdLCD displayu-boot > setenv mmcargs 'setenv bootargs ${bootargs}root=${mmcroot} rootwait rw video=mxcfb0:dev=lcd,if=RGB565'u-boot> run bootcmd6. Reset and boot switch configuration6.1. Boot switch settings for QWKS SCM-i.MX 6D/QThere are two push-button switches on the QWKS-SCMIMX6DQ board. SW1 (SW3 for QWKS board Rev B) is the system reset that resets the PMIC. SW2 is the i.MX 6Dual/6Quad on/off button that is needed for Android.There are three boot options. The board can boot either from the internal SPI-NOR flash inside the SCM-i.MX6Dual/6Quad or from either of the two SD card slots. The following table shows the switch settings for the boot options.Table 1.Boot configuration switch settingsBoot from top SD slot (SD3)Boot from bottom SD slot (SD2)Boot from internal SPI NORDefault1.References6.2. Boot switch settings for EVB SCM-i.MX 6SoloXThis table shows the jumper configuration to boot the evaluation board from the SD card slot SD3.7. SCM uboot and kernel repositoriesThe kernel and uboot patches for both SCM-i.MX 6 QWKS board and evaluation board are integrated in specific git repositories. Below are the git repos for SCM-i.MX 6 uboot and kernel:uBoot repo: /git/cgit.cgi/imx/uboot-imx.gitSCM Branch: scm-imx_v2016.03_4.1.15_2.0.0_gakernel repo: /git/cgit.cgi/imx/linux-imx.gitSCM branch: scm-imx_4.1.15_2.0.0_ga8. References1.For details about setting up the Host and Yocto Project, see the NXP Yocto Project User’s Guide(document IMXLXYOCTOUG).2.For information about downloading images using U-Boot, see “Downloading images usingU-Boot” in the i.MX Linux User's Guide (document IMXLUG).3.For information about setting up the SD/MMC card, see “P reparing an SD/MMC card to boot” inthe i.MX Linux User's Guide (document IMXLUG).9. Revision historyDocument Number: SCMIMX6LRNUGRev. L4.1.15-2.0.0-ga04/2017How to Reach Us: Home Page: Web Support: /supportInformation in this document is provided solely to enable system and softwareimplementers to use NXP products. There are no express or implied copyright licenses granted hereunder to design or fabricate any integrated circuits based on the information in this document. NXP reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein.NXP makes no warranty, representation, or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does NXP assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequentia l or incidental damages. “Typical”parameters that may be provided in NXP data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications, and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “typicals,” must be valida ted for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. NXP does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. NXP sells products pursuant to standard terms and conditions of sale, which can be found at the following address: /SalesTermsandConditions .NXP, the NXP logo, NXP SECURE CONNECTIONS FOR A SMARTER WORLD, Freescale, and the Freescale logo are trademarks of NXP B.V. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.ARM, the ARM Powered logo, and Cortex are registered trademarks of ARM Limited (or its subsidiaries) in the EU and/or elsewhere. All rights reserved. © 2017 NXP B.V.。

Manual Addendum for VMX-B Configured Soft Start Pa

Manual Addendum for VMX-B Configured Soft Start PackagesFor use with wiring diagram # 93-3880 Rev B (CB/FS), or 93-3881 Rev B (MLO), and VMX2 user manual. Introduction: The VMX-B is a configured enclosed soft start, available as a Combination (with C/B or Fused disconnect) package, or as an MLO (Main Lug Only) package, intended for use in Industrial, Commercial, Agricultural, or Infrastructure applications.Line Voltage:By default units are set-up for 460VAC line power, but can be adjusted to operate on 230VAC or208VAC at the reduced HP rating. To adjust the operating voltage simply move wire #1L2B from the 480V (H4) terminal to the 230V (H3) or 208V (H2) terminal.Power Connections:Line Power input is connected directly to the bottom terminals of the Circuit Breaker, or line terminals on MLO (Main Lug Only) units, and the motor is connected to the lugs at the bottom of the VMX2 soft start.Remote Start / Stop Control connections:The VMX-B is set up for 2 or 3 wire remote control using dry contacts rated at 120VAC (0.1Amp).Remote Two Wire Control:Connect a dry (voltage free) maintained contact closure between terminals 1 and 3 of the customerterminal strip as shown here.123456789RUNCustomer Terminals TBC on TCB3000 PCBRemote Three Wire Control:For standard 3-wire control, connect dry (voltage free) contacts for the Stop / Start buttons as shown below of the customer terminal strip. Connect the normally closed “STOP” pushbutton across terminals 1 & 2, and the normally open “START” pushbutton across terminal s 2 & 3 of the customer terminal strip. Note: the unit can be operated in the “Local” position without any external control.123456789STOPCustomer Terminals TBC on TCB3000 PCBSee page 3.TCB3000 Terminal Control BoardSee page 3.TCB3000 Terminal Control BoardRun Status Output ContactsThe VMX-B unit offers 2 Form-C (N.O and N.C.) “RUN” contacts located on the custom er terminal strip, terminals 4 (NC), 5 (NO), 6 (Common), and terminals 7 (NC), 8 (NO) 9 (Common). These contacts reflect a successful RUN command in “SOFT” or “X -LINE” mode, and should be used for any required “Run / Running” status outputs.VMX2 Auxiliary Contacts(TB2 of Soft Starter)NOTE: YELLOWOVERLOAD DIAL MUST BE SET IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE MOTOR “FULL LOAD AMPS” PER MOTOR NAME PLATE DATAThere are 3 programmable Aux contacts available on TB2 of the VMX2 soft start (2 form-C and 1 form-A). The function of these contacts are labeled on the wiring diagrams, but can be changed in the VMX2 programming. Note however, that the contacts may not function properly when operating in the X-LINE mode. (see description below).X-LINE Operation:VMX-B packages are supplied with a SOFT/X-LINE selector switch, located on the TCB3000 PCB that allows the operator to select Full Voltage operation of the motor via the bypass contactor for emergency operation when the soft start may be inoperable.When operated in the X-LINE mode fullstart/stop control is maintained, and the “Run Status Output Contacts” will func tion correctly.During X-LINE operation, the motor will be protected by the external Bi-Metal overload relay which must be set according to the motor FLA and the Current transformer ratio of the unit.Important:Motor FLA and Service Factor must be entered prior to a start attempt see next section on how to set Motor FLA and Service Factor parameters.123456789Customer Terminals TBC on TCB3000 PCB Run StatusOutput ContactsSee page 3. TCB3000 Terminal Control BoardTCB3000 Terminal BoardGreen LED-Control Power ON-E-Stop Not Active-Fuse OKGreen LEDMotor RunningYellow LEDX-Line Mode Enabled(D.O.L. Start)Red LEDFault(Unit Tripped requiresReset Command)Red LEDExternal O/L Tripped(Reset O/L Manuallyby pressing greenbutton on overloadrelay).Programming InstructionsThis document is intended for use with Models: VMX-B Soft Start PackagesMotor FLA and Service Factor must be entered prior to start attemptFor complete parameter list see pages 6-7 of this documentFnRead0000F0010009 000000090179End F001Default Display Function #1Set value of ones digit (flashing) Cursor Position Shift Use up arrow to scroll to F002 and repeat process ReadEntering Motor FLA & SFOperation and TroubleshootingKeypad Operation Display Mode (Default)Fault Mode*NOTES:“PLd” can be caused by a Grounded delta power system. If one input leg me asures ZERO volts to ground, reduce the setting of F051 to “0054” for operation on a “Grounded Delta”.“SS d ” can be caused by operating without a motor connected, ensure the motor is firmly connected.“LcA, Lcc, or Lcd ” indicates that the Surge absorber is damaged; see NOTE 1 on wiring diagram.VMX-B Door Mounted OperatorsIlluminated E-Stop Pushbutton:∙Removes control power from all circuits and VMX2 soft start.∙Push to activate, twist and pull to release.∙Button Lights when E-stop is pressed.Start/Stop Pushbutton and Run Light Assembly:∙Provides Start/Stop control in "Local" mode.∙Provides "Motor Running" indication in all operating modes.Local/Off/Remote Selector:∙Local" selects door mounted Start/Stop control.∙Remote" selects Start/Stop control from customer supplied signals at terminals 1-3 on TBC.∙Off' Turns motor off.Power ON Light:∙Indicates presence of 120VAC control power, derived from main (L1 & L2) line voltages.Fault Light/Reset Pushbutton:∙When lit, indicates that the unit has tripped, and requires "Reset".∙In "Soft" (normal) mode, the "trip" will be displayed on the VMX2 keypad (inside), and will reset upon activation of the reset pushbutton.∙In "X-Iine" mode, the light indicates that the X-line overload inside the panel is tripped, and must be reset manually by pressing the (green) reset key on the overload itself. Then the unit can be reset, using the pushbutton on the door.Note: If the green reset key on the X-line overload is turned to the "A" (auto) position, the O/L relay will reset itself after the required cooldown, after that the unit can be reset by pushing the reset pushbutton without opening the enclosure door.Wiring Diagram # 93-398011REV-02 100418Wiring Diagram # 93-3981。

Tuxedo与Weblogic互连指南

Tuxedo与Weblogic互连指南前言Tuxedo与Weblogic的互连可以通过Weblogic的WTC（WebLogic Tuxedo Connection）实现。

WTC不仅能实现Weblogic调用Tuxedo的服务，还能实现Tuxedo 调用Weblogic的EJB服务。

在具体配置实现中易错点较多，建议在首次配置过程中使用与生产环境业务无关的程序尝试，如Tuxedo的示例程序simpapp。

示例环境1.Weblogic 10.3.6安装在Windows8.1中，IP为192.168.43.12.Tuxedo 8.1安装在XP虚拟机中，IP为192.168.43.128，安装目录为C:\bea\tuxedo8.1Tuxedo 8.1在Windows 7或Windows 8中安装易出错，Tuxedo 11g则可以。

其他版本未尝试。

3.VC 6.0安装在XP虚拟机中，用于编译simpapp程序4.示例程序使用Tuxedo自带的simpapp，位于tuxedo8.1\samples\atmi目录下，功能是实现小写字母转大写。

为了方便调试将simpapp文件夹复制到C:\simpapp实现步骤Tuxedo部分目标能正确编译ubb和dom配置文件，能成功启动Tuxedo服务，并实现小写字母转大写的服务调用步骤1.配置setenv命令：setenv2.配置ubbsimple并编译命令：tmloadcf –y ubbsimple3.配置domsimple并编译，示例simpapp没有自带dom文件命令：dmloadcf –y domsimple4.编译simpcl.c客户端，用于调用Tuxedo服务命令：buildclient -o simpcl -f simpcl.c5.编译simpserv.c服务端，实现小写字母转大写的功能命令：buildserver -o simpserv -f simpserv.c -s TOUPPERsimpcl和simpserv是C++所编写，执行buildclient和buildserver编译命令时，先确认系统有VC6.0的C++的编译环境，否则会提示没有cl指令。

吉布森6.5716B拆分后尾气系统安装指南说明书

Manuals+— User Manuals Simpliﬁed.GIBSON 65716B Split Rear Exhaust System Installation Guide Home » Gibson » GIBSON 65716B Split Rear Exhaust System Installation GuideContents1 65716B Split Rear Exhaust System2 CAREFULL Y READ INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE INSTALLINGPRODUCT3 Documents / Resources65716B Split Rear Exhaust SystemINSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONSSplit Rear Exhaust System21-22 GMC Yukon XL Denali / Suburban 6.2L 2WD/4WD“Factory Dual Exhaust”PART # 65716BItem Part Number Quantit DescriptionA999701126S13″ Head PipeB420887-V1SFT MuﬄerC999701094S1 3.0″ Over Axle Y- pipeD999701094S-B1 2.50″ Passenger side Extension pipe w hangerE999701094S-C1 2.50″ Driver side Extension pipe w hangerF999701109S1 2.5″ Stainless Exit pipe Notched (Driver Side)G999701110S1 2.5″ Stainless Exit pipe Notched (Passenger Side)H57624 2.5″ band clampI57632 3.0″ band clampJ500662-B2Rolled Round Angle Cut TipK42401Rubber Grommet “Not used on all applications”Thank you for purchasing our GIBSON EXHAUST SYSTEM for your Vehicle. If you need further assistance, please do not hesitate to call our Technical Department at (800) 528-3044, Monday through Friday, 8:00 am to 5:00 pm PST.CAREFULLY READ INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE INSTALLING PRODUCTWhen installing this exhaust system make sure to use proper safety precautions. Therefore, make sure instructions are thoroughly read and understood before attempting to install. Use jack stands when working under the vehicle, set parking brake, block tires and use safety glasses and gloves. Allow exhaust system to cool before attempting installation. Severe injury or burns could occur if safety measures are not taken.SUGGESTED TOOLS: Sawzall or hack-saw, 1/2″, 9/16” socket or wrench, 15mm deep socket or wrench. Hanger removal tool or large channel-lock pliers, WD-40 and Jack Stands.TO REMOVE YOUR STOCK EXHAUST, Un Bolt the back half from the ﬂange LOCATED above the rear suspension, then loosen the front clamp and remove the remaining exhaust. Your Spare Tire & Heat Shield will need to be removed for installation. (FACTORY RUBBER HANGER GROMMETS WILL BE REUSED, USE WD-40 TO AID IN REMOVAL.)Install head pipe #A onto you’re existing stock Pipe use your factory Band Clamp. Insert welded hanger into rubber grommet. Do not tighten.Install muﬄer onto head pipe #A 1-1/2” to 2” with the louvers facing towards the converter. Use a jack stand to support the muﬄer. Use clamp #H to the secure the muﬄer to the head pipe. Do not tightenInstall metal hangers #K using Bolt Kit #J. We will Re-use the middle support hanger grommet from the stock exhaust for this bracket.Install the Over Axle Assy. #C into the muﬄer at least 1-1/2” to 2”. #C needs to be installed from the back of the car where the Spare Tire Sits. Use clamp #H to secure pipe to the muﬄer. Do not tighten. Insert hangers intorubber grommet.Install the Over Axle (B) #D onto the PS output of the First Over Axle Pipe then install Over Axle (C). Use clamps #G to secure pipe. Do not tighten. Next, Install the Exit Pipes #E with the tips pre-installed to set height, then tighten using clamps #G.Re install spare tire and heat shield. Position all pipes and double check all connections prior to tightening clamps.Finally, go back and tighten all clamps, nuts and bolts. Use stainless steel cleaner and a Scotch Brite pad weekly to prevent tip from discoloration. Inspect all fasteners after 25-50 miles of operation and retighten as necessary.GIBSON EXHAUST systems are designed on a factory stock vehicle. Any aftermarket products installed could increase the sound levels of this Exhaust. Make sure there is a 1” clearance from ALL rubber brake lines, shock boots, fuel lines, tires, etc to prevent heat related damage or ﬁre. Next, install exit pipes # Use clamp # to secure to the tailpipes.Documents / ResourcesGIBSON 65716B Split Rear Exhaust System [pdf] Installation Guide65716B Split Rear Exhaust System, 65716B, Split Rear Exhaust System, Rear Exhaust System, Exhaust SystemManuals+,。

ADRV9026四通道宽带RF接收器平台商品介绍说明书

VISIT ADRV9026Quad-Channel, Wideband RF Transceiver Platform200 MHz Bandwidth Integrated Radio Transceiver SolutionApplications►Macro base stations ►Massive MIMO►Small cell designs1See page 3 for future enhancements in the ADRV902x family roadmapSmallest Size, Lowest Power Transceiver Solution for Base Transceiver Stations (BTS )►Smallest size reduces footprint and enhances form factor flexibility►50% power consumption reduction over previous generation ADRV9009 for increased radio density►Enables ORAN small cell designs with lowest system power and costHighly Integrated, High Performance Software-Defined Radio►2× integration over ADRV9009►Supports up to 200 MHz bandwidth and covers all bands from 650 MHz to 6 GHz 1Common Platform Design for 3G/4G/5G Reduces Complexity, Development Costs, and Time to Market►Single-chip FDD/TDD solution simplifies hardware and software development ►Common API across multiple applications►Reduces product development cycles for band and power variants►Enables modular architecture for scalable radio solutionsADRV9026 Quad-Channel, Wideband RF Transceiver Platform RF SynthRF Synth ORX1/ORX2TX 1TX 2RX10°90°RX2RX3+RX3–RX4+RX4–RX1+RX1–RX2+RX2–TX3+TX3–TX4+TX4–TX1+TX1–TX2+TX2–ORX3+ORX3–ORX4+ORX4–ORX2+ORX2–ORX1+RF SynthLO 1LO 2GPIO AuxADC AuxDACGPINT1JESD204B/C Serial InterfaceClock GenerationandSynchronizationDEVCLK±SYSREF±LO 2LO 1LO 2LO 1RX3, RX4, TX3, TX4, ORX 3/ORX4RX1, RX2, TX1, TX2, ORX 1/ORX2pFIR,LO Leakage,QEC, Tuning,InterpolationGPIO_ANA_n AUXADC_nSPI_CLKSPI_EN SPI_DO SPI_DIORXn_EN TXn_EN ORXn_EN VDDA_1P8VDDA_1P3VDDA_1P0VDIG_1P0EXT_LO1±EXT_LO2±PWR MGMTGPINT2RESET TESTSERDOUTA±SYNCIN1±SYNCIN2±SYNCIN3±SERDINA±SERDINB±SERDINC±SERDIND±LO 3LO 3SYNCOUT1±SYNCOUT2±8419VIF444SERDOUTB±SERDOUTC±SERDOUTD±MicroprocessorADCADCDACDACADCADCDecimation,pFIR,DC Offset,QEC,Tuning,OverloadDecimation,pFIR, AGC,DC Offset,QECTuning RSSI,OverloadControl InterfaceSPI Port0°90°0°90°2ADRV9026 Quad-Channel, Wideband RF Transceiver Platform3Visit ADRV9026 Overview►Four differential transmitters ►Four differential receivers►Two observation receivers with two inputs each ►Center frequency: 650 MHz to 6000 MHz ►Maximum receiver bandwidth: 200 MHz ►Maximum transmitter bandwidth: 200 MHz►Maximum transmitter synthesis bandwidth: 450 MHz►Maximum observation receiver bandwidth: 450 MHz►Fully integrated independent fractional-N radio frequency synthesizers ►Fully integrated clock synthesizer►Multichip phase synchronization for all local oscillators and baseband clocks ►Support of TDD/FDD 3G/4G/5G applications►16 Gbps JESD204B/C digital interfaceSee roadmap below for future enhancementsADRV9026 Family RoadmapEnhanced features and functions will be added to the ADRV9026 over time, including:►25 Gbps SERDES support►Extending LO frequency range down to 75 MHz►Support for an external LO►Filter Wizard to generate custom profilesAn enhanced version from the ADRV902x family will be released in 2020 with integrated DPD and CFR, reducing FPGA requirements, as well as lowering total system power and cost.RadioVerse Ecosystem and PartnershipsRadioVerse ® is a design and technology ecosystem for advanced radio design and development. We offer market-leading integrated transceiver technology, software tools, evaluation and prototyping platforms, a range of reference designs, and radio solutions. RadioVerse is building up a global partnership network to provide customers all levels of design support. ADRV9026’s partner network and reference design ecosystem will be launched on /radioverse in 2020.Evaluation SystemThe evaluation system comprises an FPGA carrier board ADS9-V2EBZ and a radio daughtercard, coming with two frequency bands of matching: –HB for 2.8 GHz to 6 GHz and –MB for 650 MHz to 2.8 GHz. Compatible evaluation software is provided for download, including API library, Windows GUI, and a binary image for FPGA configuration.Radio CardsCarrier BoardsSoftware and DriverE v a l u a t i o n S y s t e m►ADRV902X-HB/PCBZ (for 2.8 GHz to 6 GHz )►ADRV902X-MB/PCBZ (for 650 MHz to 2.8 GHz )►ADS9-V2EBZ(FPGA motherboard with Xilinx ® UltraScale+™)►Operating system-agnostic API source in ANSI C►Windows GUI for transceiver configuration and data capture►Binary image for FPGA configurationFor regional headquarters, sales, and distributors orto contact customer service and technical support, visit /contact.Ask our ADI technology experts tough questions, browse FAQs, or join a conversation at the EngineerZone Online Support Community. Visit .©2019 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.PH21775-11/19(A)VISIT 。

NORMAL BOUNDARY INTERSECTION A NEW METHOD FOR

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INDRANEEL DAS AND J. E. DENNIS
Downloaded 07/31/14 to 142.104.84.207. Redistribution subject to SIAM license or copyright; see /journals/ojsa.php
∗ Received by the editors July 22, 1996; accepted for publication (in revised form) April 1, 1997; published electronically June 3, 1998. This research was partially supported by Department of Energy, DOE grant DE-FG03-95ER25257, Air Force grant F49620-95-1-0210, and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration contract NAS1-19480 while the ﬁrst author was in residence at the Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering (ICASE), NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681-0001. /journals/siopt/8-3/30751.html † Department of Computational & Applied Mathematics, Rice University, Houston, TX 772511892. Current address: IBM, Hopewell Junction, NY 12533 (indra@). ‡ Noah Harding Professor of Computational & Applied Mathematics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251-1892 (dennis@.).

Charge heterogeneity profiling of monoclonal antibodies using low ionic strength IEC

Journal of Chromatography A,1317 (2013) 148–154Contents lists available at ScienceDirectJournal of ChromatographyAj o u r n a l h o m e p a g e :w w w.e l s e v i e r.c o m /l o c a t e /c h r o maCharge heterogeneity proﬁling of monoclonal antibodies using low ionic strength ion-exchange chromatography and well-controlled pH gradients on monolithic columnsMohammad Talebi a ,Anna Nordborg a ,Andras Gaspar a ,Nathan cher b ,Qian Wang b ,Xiaoping Z.He b ,Paul R.Haddad a ,Emily F.Hilder a ,∗aPﬁzer Analytical Research Centre (PARC)and Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS),School of Chemistry,University of Tasmania,Hobart,Tasmania,Australia bAnalytical R&D,Pﬁzer BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences,Chesterﬁeld,MO,USAa r t i c l ei n f oArticle history:Received 13May 2013Received in revised form 13August 2013Accepted 16August 2013Available online 21 August 2013Keywords:pH gradient Ion exchangeMonoclonal antibodies Polymer monolithImaged capillary isoelectric focussingLiquid chromatography–mass spectrometrya b s t r a c tIn this work,the suitability of employing shallow pH gradients generated using single component buffer systems as eluents through cation-exchange (CEX)monolithic columns is demonstrated for the high-resolution separation of monoclonal antibody (mAb)charge variants in three different biopharma-ceuticals.A useful selection of small molecule buffer species is described that can be used within very narrow pH ranges (typically 1pH unit)deﬁned by their buffer capacity for producing controlled and smooth pH proﬁles when used together with porous polymer ing very low ionic strength eluents also enabled direct coupling with electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry.The results obtained by the developed pH gradient approach for the separation of closely related antibody species appear to be consistent with those obtained by imaged capillary isoelectric focusing (iCE)in terms of both resolu-tion and separation proﬁle.Both determinants of resolution,i.e.,peak compression and peak separation contribute to the gains in resolution,evidently through the Donnan potential effect,which is increased by decreasing the eluent concentration,and also through the way electrostatic charges are distributed on the protein surface.Retention mechanisms based on the trends observed in retention of proteins at pH values higher than the electrophoretic p I are also discussed using applicable theories.Employing monolithic ion-exchangers is shown to enable fast method development,short analysis time,and high sample throughput owing to the accelerated mass transport of the monolithic media.The possibility of short analysis time,typically less than 15min,and high sample throughput is extremely useful in the assessment of charge-based changes to the mAb products,such as during manufacturing or storage.© 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.1.IntroductionThe advances in biotechnology in the last quarter of the 20th century have led to the development of new technologies for the production of complex biomolecules which could potentially be used in human health care in the areas of diagnostics,prevention and treatment of diseases.Qualities,such as high (target)selec-tivity,the ability to initiate immune recognition of the target,and long circulation half lives,have made the development of human-ised mAbs the fastest growing segment of therapeutic drugs [1,2].In the production of mAbs the ﬁnal product often exhibits a number of variations from the expected or desired structure.These alterations may result from either known or novel types of posttranslational∗Corresponding author.Tel.:+61362267670.E-mail address:emily.hilder@.au (E.F.Hilder).modiﬁcations or from spontaneous,non-enzymatic protein degra-dation which bring about charge and size mon modiﬁcations of the primary sequence include N-glycosylation,methionine oxidation,proteolytic fragmentation,and deamidation [3].It has been shown that charge variants of therapeutic proteins can have signiﬁcantly different bioactivity.For example,Harris et al.[4]showed that deamidated variants of recombinant human mAbs had reduced potency in a bioactivity assay.As protein charge het-erogeneity is an important factor in quality assessment of protein therapeutics,regulatory authorities such as the International Con-ference on Harmonisation (ICH)have set criteria for monitoring and characterising the degree and proﬁle of variations to ensure lot-to-lot consistency and product stability [5].Considering the large size of antibodies and the minor struc-tural diversity between the variants,the existence of these variants imposes a great challenge for their separation.Ion-exchange (IEX)chromatography is a non-denaturing technique used widely to0021-9673/$–see front matter © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved./10.1016/j.chroma.2013.08.061M.Talebi et al./J.Chromatogr.A1317 (2013) 148–154149separate and isolate protein charge variants for subsequent charac-terisation.However,when operating under a salt gradient approach (classical mode),IEX chromatography has been shown to exhibit limited selectivity when complex proteins with the same number of effective charges are to be separated[6]and lack of robustness when carboxypeptidase B(CPB)-treated mAbs are to be analysed [7].Capillary isoelectric focusing(CIEF)is another separation tech-nique used frequently to assess charge heterogeneity of proteins in which a complex mixture of ampholytes(polyionic organic elec-trolytes)is used to establish a pH gradient into a capillary with the aid of an electricﬁeld.The electricﬁeld causes protein isoforms to focus along the capillary according to their isoelectric point where they have zero net charge and then mobilise towards an on-column detector located at one end of the capillary.Due to the distortion of the pH gradient,which affects reproducibility in migration time and peak area,the mobilisation step often requires optimisation[8]. The introduction of imaged capillary electrophoresis(iCE),where imaging is performed of an entire capillary,has overcome this issue by eliminating the need for the mobilisation step through single point detection.While CIEF is perhaps the most powerful of the known separation technologies for charge variants,the difﬁculty of collecting fractions when compared to IEX chromatography has conﬁned the method to be suitable for monitoring of variants but not for their preparative separation or isolation(peak identiﬁca-tion)[2,6].Also,some authors believe that while the separations are consistent between the two methods,CIEF is not as precise as IEX chromatography and therefore cannot be considered as a suitable replacement[9].To the contrary,however,some have con-cluded that CE techniques could be superior to IEX chromatography in terms of both separation speed and obtainable high resolution and therefore could constitute a routine tool for assessing charge heterogeneity of proteins[8,10].Developed by Sluyterman et al.[11–15]in the late1970s, chromatofocusing(internal pH gradient)is recognised as the chromatographic analogy to IEF[9],mitigating many of the short-comings of classical IEX chromatography and combining some unique features of both methods.Chromatofocusing has been demonstrated to be useful for separating protein isoforms due to its high resolving power and ability to retain the protein native state[7,16].There are however some limitations to this technique such as the cost of polyampholyte buffers employed,the necessity of column regeneration after each separation,and the inﬂexibility in controlling pH gradient slope[7,17,18].Alternatively,pH gra-dient can be conducted externally by pre-column mixing of two eluting buffers at different pH values consisting of common buffer species.As the slope and proﬁle of the pH gradient can be easily controlled by changing the elution program with less dependence on the buffer composition and column chemistry,this manner of introducing pH gradients should allow for more convenient method development and optimisation[17,18].The externally induced pH gradient has been applied for separation of deamidated variants of a mAb[3],resolving C-terminal lysine isoforms of a mAb after treat-ing with carboxypeptidase B[7]and also for the analysis of charge variants of full-length mAbs[9].Currently,particle-packed columns represent the most common stationary phases for high performance liquid chromatography. Despite immense popularity,their application for rapid and efﬁ-cient separation of macromolecules is not as convenient as for small molecules.This is mostly because of slow diffusional mass transfer of large solutes and also the large void volume existing between the packed particles[19].Additionally,biocompatibility of stationary phases has become a new challenge when analysing biomolecules(including peptide and proteins).As deﬁned by Li et al.[20],a biocompatible stationary phase material should be able to resist non-speciﬁc adsorption of biomolecules and preserve the bioactivity of the target biomolecules.These challenges are well met by employing monolithic media.Mass transfer in monolithic sorbents is mostly dominated by convection,rather than diffusion, and is therefore fast,even for large biomolecules.On the other hand,the expected biocompatibility of the most frequently used polymers in making porous monoliths,i.e.,poly(meth)acrylate and polyacrylamide,make these stationary phases highly suited for use in protein separation applications.We recently reviewed advances in polymer monoliths for IEX chromatography of biomolecules and addressed the importance of reducing non-speciﬁc interactions between analyte and stationary phase[21].While IEX chromatog-raphy of proteins using monolithic columns is frequently seen in the literature[22–24],very little effort has been directed towards employing this technique for separation of large proteins,such as mAbs.In continuing our recent efforts to resolve charge variants of mAbs with the aid of IEX monolithic columns[25];the maximum achievable resolution for mAb isoforms was pursued in this work using CEX columns in combination with simple,yet efﬁcient,buffer systems.Unlike previous reports[6,9,18,26],we operated IEX chro-matography employing shallow pH proﬁles over a limited pH range (typically1pH unit)generated by single component buffer sys-tems at very low ionic strength.The suitability of the proposed buffer system in direct coupling of IEX chromatography to MS was also demonstrated.Due to their size and complexity,mAbs are typically characterised by two or more orthogonal separation methods[9].Therefore,the performance of the developed method was also assessed by comparing the results with those obtained by iCE.It was hoped that similar charge heterogeneity proﬁles could be achieved for mAbs analysed under two different separation mechanisms.2.Experimental2.1.Reagents and chemicalsThe buffering species used in this work,including imidazole,piperazine dihydrochloride hydrate(PDH),and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane(Tris),diethanolamine(DEA) and ammonium hydroxide(AMH),28%(v/v)were all obtained from Sigma–Aldrich(Sydney,Australia)and triethanolamine(TEA) was from BDH(Poole,England).Sodium chloride,hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide(98.8%),methanol(LC–MS grade)were also from Sigma.All chemicals were of analytical grade unless speciﬁed otherwise.For iCE experiments,pharmalyte pH3–10,sucrose and urea were obtained from Sigma–Aldrich,while methyl cellulose (1%)and the Chemical Test Kit were from ProteinSimple(formerly Convergent Bioscience,Toronto,ON,Canada).The p I markers including p I s 5.13, 6.14,7.2and9.5were also obtained from ProteinSimple.Samples of three different IgG2mAb formulations, which are referred to as mAb1,mAb2and mAb3,were prepared by recombinant DNA technology at Pﬁzer Inc.2.2.ChromatographyThe IEX chromatography was performed on a Dionex DX-500liquid chromatograph(Thermo Fisher Scientiﬁc,Lane Cove, Australia)consisting of a GP50Gradient Pump,AD25UV/Vis Absorbance Detector,AS50Thermal Compartment and AS50 Autosampler.Detection was performed at280nm.Flow-rate was 1mL/min,the injection volume was10␮L and the column com-partment temperature was set at30◦C.Instrument control and data acquisition were performed using Dionex Chromeleon soft-ware,version6.80SR5.Chromatograms were transferred to ASCII ﬁles and redrawn using Origin8.1(Northampton,MA).150M.Talebi et al./J.Chromatogr.A1317 (2013) 148–154 The monolithic IEX columns used were ProSwift TM SCX-1S andProSwift TM WCX-1S(4.6mm×50mm)and the packed column wasProPac WCX-10,4mm×250mm,all from Dionex.The monolithiccolumns are methacrylates-based with sulfonic acid and carboxylicacid functionality for SCX and WCX,respectively.The ProPac WCXis a tentacle type ion-exchanger bearing carboxylate groups.Unless otherwise stated,mobile phases were generally preparedby dissolving appropriate amounts of the buffer components inwater prior to splitting into two aliquots denoted as eluent A andB.The pH of each portion was then adjusted with concentratedsodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid.The elution was performedby a linearly ascending pH gradient from0%to100%eluent B fol-lowed by isocratic elution for3min before returning the eluentcomposition to the starting condition(100%eluent A).The gradi-ent volumes were10and30mL for monolithic and packed columns,corresponding to about14and10column volumes,respectively.For each elution,the column was pre-equilibrated with at leastthree column volumes of eluent A prior to sample introduction.Before measurement of peak areas,each sample chromatogram was subtracted from the relevant blank injection prepared from eluent A.Fractions of the column eluent were collected every1min and the ofﬂine pH measurement was carried out using a pH metre model labCHEM-CP from TPS(Springwood,QLD,Australia).All eluents were prepared using water puriﬁed via a Milli-Q water puriﬁcation system(Millipore,Bedford,MA)andﬁltered through a0.2␮m nylonﬁlter prior to use.mAb samples were ana-lysed as received without buffer exchange or any other sample pretreatment process.After dilution in eluent A to a concentra-tion of approximately0.3mg/mL,samples were stored at5◦C until analysed.2.3.Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry(LC–MS)CEX chromatography was carried out using a ProSwift TM WCX-1S(4.6mm×50mm)column under pH gradient mode.5mM AMH buffer containing20%(v/v)methanol at pH9.5was used as eluent A and at pH10.5as eluent B.pH of eluents was adjusted before mixing with methanol.Elution was performed by running a linear gradient of eluent A to eluent B in20min at aﬂow-rate of0.4mL/min,which was split(1:100)before introducing into MS.Hyphenated with the CEX chromatography,electrospray ioni-sation time ofﬂight(ESI-TOF)mass spectrometry was performed on a micrOTOF-Q mass spectrometer(Bruker Daltonics,Melbourne, Australia)equipped with an Agilent G1385A microﬂow nebuliser (Agilent technologies,Melbourne,Australia).The instrument was run in a positive ion mode with m/z range of500–10,000and a capillary voltage of4500V(−500V end plate offset).Drying gas ﬂow of5L/min at300◦C was used with a20.3psi nebuliser gas pressure.The instrument was tuned and calibrated using an Agi-lent ES Tuning Mix(catalogue no.G2431A)in enhanced quadratic mode.The deconvolution of ESI mass spectra was performed usinga maximum entropy algorithm(Bruker Daltonics).2.4.Imaged capillary electrophoresis(iCE)iCE proﬁles of mAbs were obtained using an iCE280analyser with operational software from Convergent Bioscience,equipped with an Alcott719AL autosampler.A transparent capillary column (50mm,100␮m i.d.)was used with its inner surface coated with ﬂuorocarbon to minimise electroosmoticﬂow.The test solutions were prepared using various amounts of p I markers,pharmalyte, 1%methyl cellulose,5M urea,20%sucrose,and mAb samples. Throughout the analysis,the capillary was kept at ambient tem-perature while the autosampler was set at8or15◦C,depending on the mAb sample analysed.The injection volume was35␮L and the Fig.1.pH gradient proﬁles obtained for mAb1and mAb2.The mobile phase com-position was12.5mM DEA and12.5mM TEA to either pH7.75(eluent A)or pH 10(eluent B).Gradient:0–100%B in10min,100%B for3min.Column:ProSwift SCX-1S(4.6mm×50mm);Detection:UV at280nm;Flow-rate:1mL/min;Column compartment temperature:30◦C.analysis was performed by applying a sample transfer time of100s, pre-focusing at1500V for duration of1min followed by focus-ing for5min at3kV.Detection was performed at280nm.Further details of the iCE conditions used are provided in the Supporting Information.3.Results and discussionWith the aim of improving the resolution,a series of new buffer systems based on both organic and inorganic buffer species were designed and applied using monolithic columns.To obtain sufﬁ-cient binding of the proteins to the cation-exchanger,the lower pH of the gradient was chosen to be at least1pH unit below the elec-trophoretic p I values of mAbs,that is8.8for mAb1,8.5for mAb2 and8.4for mAb3.3.1.TEA-DEA buffer systemTheﬁrst successful buffer system in eluting two of the mAbs of interest was prepared by mixing equimolar amounts of TEA (p K a7.76)and DEA(p K a8.88)resulting in a system buffering the pH range of approximately7.5–10.Fig.1shows the separation achieved for mAb1and mAb2on a ProSwift SCX-1S column using this buffer system in the pH range of7.75–10with each buffer com-ponent at a concentration of12.5mM.A somewhat linear pH proﬁle for this system over the studied pH range was achieved(Fig.1).No elution was observed for mAb3.Acidic isoforms(p I lower than the main component)are observed for mAb1,while basic isoforms are more pronounced for mAb2.Indications of additional isoforms are also present,but as barely discernible shoulders of the main peaks.The effect ofﬂattening the pH gradient proﬁle on chromato-graphic resolution was of special interest in this study.As the pH gradient slope is reduced there is more time for differential move-ment of the isoforms through the column,which could lead to better resolution[6].In chromatofocusing,it is possible to generate shallow gradient slopes by limiting the pH range of the gradient or reducing the concentration of the mobile phase buffer components [12,15,27].Data presented later in this study show that these two strategies in obtaining higher resolution are also applicable to the external pH gradient approach.M.Talebi et al./J.Chromatogr.A 1317 (2013) 148–154151Fig.2.The effect of eluent concentration (DEA)on the elution proﬁle of mAb2.(A)20mM,pH 9–10;(B)10mM,pH 9–10;(C)5mM,pH 9.2–10.2.For elution to occur at 5mM concentration,more basic pH range is required.Other conditions as in Fig.1.3.2.DEA buffer systemAs seen in Fig.1,elution of mAbs in the TEA-DEA buffer system occurred around the end of the pH range applied.The pH of eluent A was therefore increased from 7.5to 9.A simultaneous reduc-tion in gradient slope was achieved as the gradient time remained unchanged at 10min.In addition,because of its negligible buffer capacity in the new pH range,TEA was removed from the buffer system.The inﬂuence of buffer concentration within the range 20–5mM on separation efﬁciency of mAb2isoforms is shown in Fig.2.A decrease in buffer concentration at the same gradient slope results in an increase in the resolution of the charge variants from the main peak.For elution at 5mM,a further increase in working pH range from 9–10to 9.2–10.2is required.These ﬁndings are in agreement with Farnan and Moreno [9],who achieved improved separation efﬁciency and higher resolution for mAb isoforms by a 4-fold decrease in the concentration of buffer composition.The impact of column chemistry on separation efﬁciency was also evaluated for mAb1(Fig.3)and mAb2(Fig.S1in the Supporting Information).As can be seen,a trivial impact of column chemistry on the selectivity is recognisable.However,there are more promi-nent ﬂuctuations in the pH proﬁle and a longer titration time for the weak cation exchanger (see pH proﬁles).As the workingpHparison of separation of variants for mAb1on ProSwift WCX-1S and ProSwift SCX-1S columns.Eluent:5mM DEA,pH9.2–10.2.Fig.4.Interrelationship between eluent concentration and pH range on separation efﬁciency of mAb1.The gradient slope was 0.1pH units/min.Eluent:5mM AMH,pH 9.2–10.2(A);2.5mM AMH,pH 9.5–10.5(B).range is high enough to ensure full ionisation of the carboxylic group of the weak cation exchanger (p K a ∼5),the reason for dif-ferences in the pH proﬁle might be due to the different chemistries of the stationary phases [25].3.3.AMH buffer systemAlthough suitable for resolving the isoforms of given mAbs,the low volatility of DEA might limit its application for mass spectro-metric detection.In order to address this issue,we explored the use of AMH which is a volatile buffer species with p K a 9.25.For this buffer,acceptable chromatographic resolution of protein isoforms was obtained for even lower concentrations than 5mM (Fig.4).This indicates that the focusing effect of the buffer system increases by decreasing the concentration.Based on earlier results,the optimum pH range had to be adjusted when decreasing the eluent concen-tration to allow maximum separation efﬁciency.Fig.5displays the effect of eluent pH range and gradient slope on resolving mAb1isoforms.By maintaining the gradient slope at 0.1pH units/min,it was found that although the ﬁne structure of the acidicregionFig.5.Inﬂuence of operational pH range and gradient slope on resolution of mAb1variants.Eluent:2.5mM AMH.pH range and gradient slope:9.3–10.3and 0.1(A);9.5–10.5and 0.1(B);9.7–10.5and 0.08pH units/min (C).152M.Talebi et al./J.Chromatogr.A1317 (2013) 148–154 remains unaltered(Fig.5,traces A and B),basic variants previouslyhidden within the threshold of the major peak were clearly resolvedwhen the pH range was raised0.2pH units further from9.3–10.3to9.5–10.5.This step-wise optimisation protocol illustrates the pos-sibilities offered when using a pH gradient over a narrow pH range,in that it enables not only formation of controlled pH proﬁle,butalso permits theﬁne tuning of pH within the range deﬁned by theapplied buffer system to obtain the desired separation efﬁciency.Interestingly,it was found that low ionic strength eluents gen-erated a signiﬁcant back-pressure with the ProPac WCX-10column(pressure upper limit=120bar).Once eluted with5mM AMH pH9.5at0.5mL/min,the initial back-pressure of94bar was monitoredand found to increase gradually.This behaviour is most likely dueto the osmotic pressure generated from the difference between thewater content of the very dilute eluent and the IEX sorbent.Unlikethe packed column,the higher permeability and rigid structure ofmonolithic ion-exchangers resulting from their porous propertiespermits fast generation of pH gradients at moderate and stableback-pressure(<70bar)even at very low buffer concentrations,as well as minimising column titration times(typically less than5min).These merits offer a rapid analysis time that is applicablefor high-throughput process development.While quite successful in resolving charge heterogeneity ofmAb1and mAb2,the simpliﬁed buffer systems failed to elute mAb3unless the eluent ionic strength was increased through addition ofa salt.Rozhkova[7]has previously reported the suitability of con-ducting pH gradient separation of mAb variants by adding NaClinto eluents.Accordingly,2.5mM AMH eluents,pH9–10contain-ing different concentrations of NaCl ranging from20to40mMwere used for eluting mAb3.Results indicate partial resolving ofthe main component from part of the acidic species(Fig.S2inthe SI).Basic variants,however,remained entirely hidden underthe wide shoulder of the major peak.One possible explanation forthis strong retention might be the differences in modiﬁcation site,type of modiﬁcation,and/or degree of modiﬁcation occurring inthe protein[2],all of which inﬂuence the strength of interactionsbetween the protein molecule and the ion-exchanger.These modi-ﬁcations vary from those that change the number of charge residueson the surface of the protein to those being less connected to thecharge but can change antibody conformation.Deamidation,forexample,is one possible modiﬁcation which is likely to have aneffect on retention of a protein by affecting the number of posi-tively charge groups over the surface of a protein and hence itsbinding to a cation-exchanger[3].Further investigation is requiredto conﬁdently determine the characteristics of the mAb variants.3.4.Effects of eluent concentration and pH on resolutionThe overriding consideration in this work was towards maxi-mum achievable resolution for mAb isoforms.pH and ionic strengthare two major characteristics of the eluent governing the elutionand separation of proteins in pH gradient IEX chromatography.Here,we take advantage of the general expressions proposed bySluyterman and Elgersma[14]for the pH gradient approach toexplain the interplay between these two parameters and theireffects on separation efﬁciency.Peak width and peak separation are the two determinants ofresolution.The width of a protein band in terms of pH units can bewritten as:( pH)2≈D(d pH/dV)ϕ(dZ/d pH)(1)where D denotes the diffusion coefﬁcient of a protein,d pH/dV the pH gradient slope andϕis equivalent to the dimensionless Donnan potential[14].This equation implies that an increase in peak focusing is consistent with the lower ionic strength(buffer concentration)used,which increases the absolute value ofϕ.Evi-dence of this inference can be seen in Fig.2,in which the resolution gain for the mAb2main isoform can be related to the focusing effect obtained by decreasing the ionic strength.In fact,the capability of focusing eluent bands is known as one inherent advantage of pH gradient IEX chromatography over conventional salt gradient at aﬁxed pH[18],in which the absence of a focusing effect can be partly related to the lack of the Donnan potential,as a result of the high salt concentration involved.Trace C in Fig.2indicates that while employing the same pH range is likely to maintain the dZ/d pH unchanged,the positive effect of this kinetic factor on peak width can be highlighted by shifting up the pH range further,which along with more decrease in ionic strength leads to an even greater increase in resolution.The dominating effect of dZ/d pH on peak focusing can also be seen by comparing traces A and B in Fig.5 where there is likely no signiﬁcant difference between the Don-nan potentials due to the constant eluent concentration(2.5mM). As should be expected,the peaks became broader when the pH gradient slope(d pH/dV),as another determinant of peak width in Eq.(1),decreased further from0.1(trace B)to0.08pH unit mL−1 (trace C)by keeping the other conditions unchanged,probably due to the domination of another kinetic determinant,i.e.,diffusion coefﬁcient of protein(D).This therefore suggests that the rate of titrating the ion-exchanger with pH has become lower than the equilibrium state of protein molecules,which could compromise the peak focusing gains from shallower gradients.The contribution of the other factor governing resolution,i.e., peak separation,appears to be the main inﬂuence on resolution gains for isoforms in Fig.4,where the peak focussing for main iso-forms seems to be compromised,despite the expected focussing effects as the eluent concentration decreases and the pH range shifts up further.In fact,almost all of the posttranslational mod-iﬁcations and degradations can change surface charge properties of an antibody,either directly by changing the number of charged groups or indirectly by introducing conformational alterations[2]. According to the electrostatic model developed by Tsonev and Hirsh [6]there is a relationship between the magnitude of a shift in electrophoretic p I and the relative charge distribution in a given protein.This,in turn,implies that isoforms can be resolved based on their apparent isoelectric point(p I app,being the pH at which the protein is eluted from the column)[12]when titrating by a gra-dient of pH,relating the resolution achieved in Fig.4to a greater separation of the peaks(for more discussion on p I app and retention mechanism see SI).Similar arguments based on the distribution of charges on the surface of a protein have also been used by other workers to explain the trends observed in resolution for chromato-focusing of␤-lactoglobulin A and B[12],and haemoglobin variants [12,28].3.5.Loading capacityThe loading capacity of the proposed approach for the separa-tion of mAb charge variants was also assessed.While some minor loss of resolution occurred when a sample load of about118␮g mAb1was injected onto the column,the overall separation pat-tern and theﬁne structure of the acidic region remained unaltered (Fig.S3in the SI).By considering the low ionic strength of the buffer system employed,a signiﬁcant potential of this approach for scale up can be seen,enabling it to be used along with classical IEX chromatography for preparative purposes.3.6.Proﬁling charge heterogeneity of mAbs by iCETo assess the resolving power offered by the developed proce-dure,analysis of mAbs by iCE was also included in the study.The difference in separation mechanism of each technique can offer。

EFLOW用户指南 Release 12.3说明书

NVIDIA-provided CUDA containers from the NGC registry can be deployed directly. If you are preparing a CUDA docker container, ensure that the necessary toolchains are installed.
Path
:
Online
: True
RestartNeeded : False
2. Set execution policy and verify.
Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy AllSigned -Force
Get-ExecutionPolicy AllSigned
5
EFLOW User's Guide, Release 12.3
3. Download and install EFLOW.
$msiPath = $([io.Path]::Combine($env:TEMP, 'AzureIoTEdge.msi')) $ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue' Invoke-WebRequest "https:∕∕aka.ms∕AzEFLOWMSI_1_4_LTS_X64" -OutFile $msiPath
▶ The Windows host OS with virtualization enabled ▶ A Linux virtual machine ▶ IoT Edge Runtime ▶ IoT Edge Modules, or otherwise any docker-compatible containerized application (runs on

stata障碍度模型命令

stata障碍度模型命令
在Stata中，要使用障碍度模型（Hurdle Model），你可以使用`hurdle`命令。

这个命令可以用来拟合零膨胀模型（Zero-Inflated Model），也就是同时处理过度的零值和连续计数数据的模型。

具体使用方法如下：
hurdle dependent_variable independent_variables.
在这个命令中，`dependent_variable`是你的因变量，
`independent_variables`是自变量。

你可以在
`independent_variables`中列出所有需要考虑的自变量。

除了基本的语法之外，你还可以使用不同的选项来调整模型的参数。

例如，你可以使用`family()`选项来指定分布族，使用
`link()`选项来指定链接函数，使用`robust`选项来进行健壮标准误估计等等。

需要注意的是，在使用`hurdle`命令之前，你需要先安装
`hurdle`命令，可以使用以下命令安装：
ssc install hurdle.
总的来说，通过使用`hurdle`命令，你可以在Stata中拟合障碍度模型，同时处理过度的零值和连续计数数据，从而进行更加全面和准确的统计分析。

paco 0.4.2 软件说明书

Package‘paco’October14,2022Version0.4.2Date2020-08-19Title Procrustes Application to Cophylogenetic AnalysisDescription Procrustes analyses to infer co-phylogeneticmatching between pairs of phylogenetic trees.Author Juan Antonio Balbuena<******************>,Timothee Poisot<****************>,Matthew Hutchinson<*****************************>,Fernando Cagua<*****************>;see PLoS ONE Balbuena et al2013<https:///10.1371/journal.pone.0061048>Maintainer Matthew Hutchinson<*****************************>Depends R(>=3.0.0)Imports vegan(>=2.2-0),ape,plyrSuggests testthatNote The current version(0.4.2)ﬁxes a numerical issue withsymmetric implementation of the paco_links function.License MIT+ﬁle LICENSEURL https://www.uv.es/cophylpaco/Encoding UTF-8RoxygenNote7.1.1NeedsCompilation noRepository CRANDate/Publication2020-08-2518:10:02UTCR topics documented:add_pcoord (2)gl_links (3)gophertree (3)licetree (3)PACo (4)12add_pcoord paco_links (5)prepare_paco_data (6)residuals_paco (7)Index8 add_pcoord Principal Coordinates analysis of phylogenetic distance matricesDescriptionTranslates the distance matrices of’host’and’parasite’phylogenies into Principal Coordinates,as needed for Procrustes superimposition.Usageadd_pcoord(D,correction="none")ArgumentsD A list with objects H,P,and HP,as returned by paco::prepare_paco_data.correction In some cases,phylogenetic distance matrices are non-Euclidean which gen-erates negative eigenvalues when those matrices are translated into PrincipalCoordinates.There are several methods to correct negative eigenvalues.Cor-rection options available here are"cailliez","lingoes",and"none".The"cail-liez"and"lingoes"corrections add a constant to the eigenvalues to make themnon-negative.Default is"none".ValueThe list that was input as the argument‘D’with four new elements;the Principal Coordinates of the‘host’distance matrix and the Principal Coordinates of the‘parasite’distance matrix,as well as, a‘correction’object stating the correction used for negative eigenvalues and a‘note’object stating whether or not negative eigenvalues were present and therefore corrected.NoteToﬁnd the Principal Coordinates of each distance matrix,we internally a modiﬁed version of the function ape::pcoa that uses vegan::eigenvals and zapsmallExamplesdata(gopherlice)library(ape)gdist<-cophenetic(gophertree)ldist<-cophenetic(licetree)D<-prepare_paco_data(gdist,ldist,gl_links)D<-add_pcoord(D)gl_links3 gl_links Gopher-lice interactionsDescriptionOne part of example data.The associations between pocket gophers and their chewing lice ectopar-asites.Usagedata(gopherlice)gophertree Gopher phylogenyDescriptionOne part of example data.The phylogeny of pocket gophers.Usagedata(gopherlice)licetree Lice phylogenyDescriptionOne part of example data.The phylogeny of chewing lice.Usagedata(gopherlice)4PACo PACo Performs PACo analysis.DescriptionTwo sets of Principal Coordinates are superimposed by Procrustes superimposition.The sum of squared residuals of this superimposition give an indication of how congruent the two datasets are.For example,in a biological system the two sets of Principal Coordinates can be composed from the phylogenetic distance matrices of two interacting groups.The congruence measured by PACo indicates how concordant the two phylogenies are based on observed ecological interactions between them.UsagePACo(D,nperm=1000,seed=NA,method="r0",symmetric=FALSE,proc.warnings=TRUE,shuffled=FALSE)ArgumentsD A list of class paco as returned by paco::add_pcoord which includes PrincipalCoordinates for both phylogenetic distance matrices.nperm The number of permutations to run.In each permutation,the network is ran-domized following the method argument and phylogenetic congruence betweenphylogenies is reassessed.seed An integer with which to begin the randomizations.If the same seed is used the randomizations will be the same and results reproducible.If NA a random seedis chosen.method The method with which to permute association matrices:"r0","r1","r2","c0", "swap","quasiswap","backtrack","tswap","r00".Brieﬂy,"r00"produces theleast conservative null model as it only maintains totalﬁll(i.e.,total numberof interactions)."r0"and"c0"maintain the row sums and column sums,re-spectively,as well as the total number of interactions."backtracking"and anyof the"swap"algorithms conserve the total number of interactions in the ma-trix,as well as both row and column sums.Finally,"r1"and"r2"conserve therow sums,the total number of interactions,and randomize based on observedinteraction frequency.See vegan::commsim for more details.symmetric Logical.Whether or not to use the symmetric Procrustes statistic,or not.When TRUE,the symmetric statistic is used.When FALSE,the asymmetric is used.Adecision on which to use is based on whether one group is assumed to track theevolution of the other,or not.paco_links5 proc.warnings Logical.Make any warnings from the Procrustes superimposition callable.If TRUE,any warnings are viewable with the warnings()command.If FALSE,warnings are internally suppressed.Default is TRUEshuffled Logical.Return the Procrustes sum of squared residuals for every permutation of the network.When TRUE,the Procrustes statistic of all permutations is returnedas a vector.When FALSE,they are not returned.ValueA paco object that now includes(alongside the Principal Coordinates and input distance matrices)the PACo sum of sqaured residuals,a p-value for this statistic,and the PACo statistics for each randomisation of the network if shufﬂed=TRUE in the PACo call.NoteAny call of PACo in which the distance matrices have differing dimensions(i.e.,different num-bers of tips of the two phylogenies)will produce warnings from the vegan::procrustes function.These warnings require no action by the user but are merely letting the user know that,as the distance matrices had differing dimensions,their Principal Coordinates have differing numbers of columns.vegan::procrustes deals with this internally by adding columns of zeros to the smaller of the two until the are the same size.Examplesdata(gopherlice)require(ape)gdist<-cophenetic(gophertree)ldist<-cophenetic(licetree)D<-prepare_paco_data(gdist,ldist,gl_links)D<-add_pcoord(D)D<-PACo(D,nperm=10,seed=42,method="r0")print(D$gof)paco_links Contribution of individual linksDescriptionUses a jackknife procedure to perform bias correction on procrustes residuals(i.e.interactions)that are indicative of the degree to which individual interactions are more supportive of a hypothesis of phylogenetic congruence than others.Interactions are iteratively removed,the globalﬁt of the two phylogenies is reassessed and bias in observed residuals calculated and corrected.Usagepaco_links(D,.parallel=FALSE,proc.warnings=TRUE)6prepare_paco_dataArgumentsD A list of class paco as returned by paco::PACo..parallel If TRUE,calculate the jackknife contribution in parallel using the backend pro-vided by foreach.proc.warnings As in PACo.If TRUE,any warnings produced by internal calls of paco::PACo will be available for the user to view.If FALSE,warnings are internally sup-pressed.ValueThe input list of class paco with the added object jackknife which contains the bias-corrected resid-ual for each link.Examplesdata(gopherlice)require(ape)gdist<-cophenetic(gophertree)ldist<-cophenetic(licetree)D<-prepare_paco_data(gdist,ldist,gl_links)D<-add_pcoord(D)D<-PACo(D,nperm=10,seed=42,method="r0")D<-paco_links(D)prepare_paco_data Prepares the data(distance matrices and association matrix)for PACoanalysisDescriptionSimple wrapper to make sure that the matrices are sorted accordingly and to group them together into a paco object(effectively a list)that is then passed to the remaining steps of PACo analysis.Usageprepare_paco_data(H,P,HP)ArgumentsH Host distance matrix.This is the distance matrix upon which the other will besuperimposed.We term this the host matrix in reference to the original cophy-logeny studies between parasites and their hosts,where parasite evolution wasthought to track host evolution hence why the parasite matrix is superimposedon the host.P Parasite distance matrix.The distance matrix that will be superimposed on the host matrix.As mentioned above,this is the group that is assumed to track theevolution of the other.HP Host-parasite association matrix,hosts in rows.This should be a binary matrix.If host species aren’t in the rows,the matrix will be translated internally.residuals_paco7ValueA list with objects H,P,HP to be passed to further functions for PACo analysis.Examplesdata(gopherlice)library(ape)gdist<-cophenetic(gophertree)ldist<-cophenetic(licetree)D<-prepare_paco_data(gdist,ldist,gl_links)residuals_paco Return Procrustes residuals from a paco objectDescriptionTakes the Procrustes object from vegan::procrustes of the global superimpostion and pulls outeither the residual matrix of superimposition or the residual of each individual interaction(linkbetween host and parasite).Usageresiduals_paco(object,type="interaction")Argumentsobject An obejct of class procrustes as returned from PACo(and internally the vegan::procrustes function).In a PACo output this is D\$proc.type Character string.Whether the whole residual matrix(matrix)or the residualsper interaction(interaction)is desired.ValueIf type=interaction,a named vector of the Procrustes residuals is returned where names are theinteractions.If type=matrix,a matrix of residuals from Procrustes superimposition is returned.Examplesdata(gopherlice)library(ape)gdist<-cophenetic(gophertree)ldist<-cophenetic(licetree)D<-prepare_paco_data(gdist,ldist,gl_links)D<-add_pcoord(D,correction= cailliez )D<-PACo(D,nperm=100,seed=42,method= r0 )residuals_paco(D$proc)Index∗datasetsgl_links,3gophertree,3licetree,3add_pcoord,2gl_links,3gophertree,3licetree,3PACo,4paco_links,5prepare_paco_data,6residuals_paco,78。

ToxiRAE Pro PID说明书

Key Features:- Wireless access to real-time instrument readings and alarm status from any location- Unmistakable five-way local and remote wireless notification of alarm conditions- Largest display in its class- Continuous datalogging 3- On-board correction factor library for 190 compounds- Easy to use- Reliable, rugged, and intrinsically safe- Available in Industrial Hygiene (advanced) orSafety (basic) configurations- Easy to maintain with replaceable sensor, fan, filter,and battery- Fully automatic bump testing and calibration withAutoRAE 2Applications:- Industrial hygiene and safety- Chemical plants- Government health, safety, security, andenvironmental agencies- Hazardous materials teams, first responders- Oil and gas- Pharmaceutical plants- Environmental applications- Environmental consulting- Soil remediation Wireless. Personal. Proven.The ToxiRAE Pro PID is the world’s smallest volatile organic compound (VOC) monitor. Featuring RAE Systems’ next-generation PID sensor, the ToxiRAEPro PID can quickly detect and accurately monitor over 300 VOCs. TheToxiRAE Pro PID provides safety professionals wireless remote access toreal-time instrument readings and alarm status for better visibility and fasterincident response. With an onboard library of 190 correction factors, theToxiRAE Pro PID can be programmed to automatically read in equivalent units of the specified compound.ToxiRAE Pro PID comes with:- ToxiRAE Pro PID monitor with sensor as specified, alligator clip, protectiverubber boot, and rechargeable battery installed- Charging and PC communication cradle - PC communication cable - AC adapter (100 to 240 V, 50/60 Hz AC to 12 V DC) - Calibration adapter - Combined instrument/sensor cap removal tool - Quick Start Guide - CD with documentation - ProRAE Studio II software for PC-based instrument configuration and data management - Technical Note TN-106 with ionization energies and correction factors for 300+ VOCs 3- Calibration card; quality certificate; and warranty/registration card OptIonal Accessories:- AutoRAE 2 Automatic Test and Calibration System - Multi-unitcharging station for up to five monitorsSpecifications subject to change without notice (Nov14)Analyser specifications:Size:4.6" H x 2.4" W x 1.2" D (118 x 60 x 30 mm)Weight:8.29 oz. (235 g.)Sensor:Photoionization sensor with 10.6 eV (standard) or 9.8 eV 2,3(optional) lamp. Responsetime ( T 90 ) < 15 sec. (Isobutene). Field-replaceable sensor. Easy access to lamp forcleaningDetectable Gases: A wide variety of ionizable chemicals using 190 built-in and over 300 publishedcorrection factorsBattery:Rechargeable Li-ion battery- Operating time: > 12 hours (normal operation, non-wireless)- Recharge time: < 4 hours through charging cradleDisplay:Graphical LCD display with white LED backlighting (activated when monitor is in alarmor with a button press)Display Readout:- Real-time reading of VOC concentrations in parts per million or mg/m 3; batterystatus; data logging on/off; wireless on/off and reception quality- STEL, TWA, and peak valuesKeypad: 2 buttons for operation and programmingSampling:Internal FanCalibration:Automatic with AutoRAE 2 Test and Calibration System 2 or manualAlarm Modes:- Wireless remote alarm notification 1; audible (95 dB @ 30 cm), vibration, visiblealarm (flashing bright red LEDs), and on-screen indication of alarm conditions.- Man Down Alarm with pre-alarm and real-time remote wireless notificationDatalogging:- Continuous datalogging 3with a three-month capacity (at one-minute intervals)- User-configurable datalogging interval (from 1 to 3,600 seconds)Communication and Data Download:- Data download and instrument set-up on PC via charging and PC comm. cradle- Data download via AutoRAE 2 Automatic Test and Calibration System- Wireless data and status transmission 1via built-in RF modem (optional)Wireless Network:ProRAE Guardian Real-Time Wireless Safety System or Closed-Loop Network with theEchoView HostWireless Frequency:ISM license-free bandsWireless Range (Typical):ToxiRAE Pro to Mesh Router, EchoView Host, or Mesh Reader 2~ 330 feet (100meters)ToxiRAE Pro to RAELink3 Mesh or RAELink3 Z1 Mesh modems ~ 33 feet (10 meters)Operating Tempuature:-4° to 131°F (-20° to 55°C)Humidity:0% to 95% relative humidity (non-condensing)Hazardous Location Approvals:CSA: Class I, Division 1, Groups A, B, C and D. T-code T4 Class I, Zone 0 A/ExiaIIC T4ATEX: CE, EX, II 1G, Ex ia IIC Ga T4IECEx: Ex ia IIC Ga T4China Ex: Ex ia IIC T4CE Compliance:EMC directive: 2004/108/EC. R&TTE directive: 1999/5/EC. ATEX directive: 94/9/ECWarranty:- Two years on non-consumable components- One year on sensor, fan, battery and other consumable partsPart No.72-8018-PID 1 Wireless units have a functioning RF modem and are ready for wireless deployments; non-wireless units cannotbe upgraded to wireless. Additional equipment and/or software licenses may be required to enable remote wirelessmonitoring and alarm transmission. 2 Contact Gastech Australia for availability. 3 Available with Industrial Hygieneconfigurations only. 4 Specifications are subject to change.NSW OFFICE Telephone +61 2 9451 0054Facsimile +61 2 9450 0833*********************.au 21/25, Narabang Way Belrose NSW 2085HEAD OFFICE Telephone +61 8 6108 0000Facsimile +61 8 9408 1868*********************.au 24 Baretta Road Wangara, Western Australia 6065。

Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS 安装指南说明书

Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation Guide11g Release 1 (11.1.1.3.0)December 2011Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation Guide, 11g Release 1 (11.1.1.3.0)Copyright © 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.This software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are protected by intellectual property laws. Except as expressly permitted in your license agreement or allowed by law, you may not use, copy, reproduce, translate, broadcast, modify, license, transmit, distribute, exhibit, perform, publish, or display any part, in any form, or by any means. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or decomposition of this software, unless required by law for interpretability, is prohibited.The information contained herein is subject to change without notice and is not warranted to be error-free. If you find any errors, please report them to us in writing.If this software or related documentation is delivered to the U.S. Government or anyone licensing it on behalf of the U.S. Government, the following notice is applicable:U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTS Programs, software, databases, and related documentation and technical data delivered to U.S. Government customers are "commercial computer software" or "commercial technical data" pursuant to the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation and agency-specific supplemental regulations. As such, the use, duplication, disclosure, modification, and adaptation shall be subject to the restrictions and license terms set forth in the applicable Government contract, and, to the extent applicable by the terms of the Government contract, the additional rights set forth in FAR 52.227-19, Commercial Computer Software License (December 2007). Oracle USA, Inc., 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065.This software is developed for general use in a variety of information management applications. It is not developed or intended for use in any inherently dangerous applications, including applications which may create a risk of personal injury. If you use this software in dangerous applications, then you shall be responsible to take all appropriate fail-safe, backup, redundancy, and other measures to ensure the safe use of this software. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates disclaim any liability for any damages caused by use of this software in dangerous applications.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.This software and documentation may provide access to or information on content, products and services from third parties. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates are not responsible for and expressly disclaim all warranties of any kind with respect to third-party content, products, and services. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates will not be responsible for any loss, costs, or damages incurred due to your access to or use of third-party content, products, or services.Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation Guide Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Supported Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Installing on UNIX Platforms in Graphics Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Uninstall GUI Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Installing on UNIX Platforms in Console Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Installing on UNIX Platforms in Silent Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Installing in Silent Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9Uninstall Silent Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 See Also. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Supported Platform Data Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 AIX 6.1 64-bit on Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2Linux 64-bit on x86_64 (Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.4 or Redhat Linux 5). . . . . . . . . .2Oracle Linux 5.6 (64-bit) on Exalogic 2.0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2Oracle Linux 5.6 (64-bit) on Non Exalogic Hardware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2Oracle Solaris 10 64-bit on Sparc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation Guide iiiiv Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation GuideOracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation GuideThis chapter contains the following topics:z Overviewz System Requirementsz Supported Platformsz Installing on UNIX Platforms in Graphics Modez Installing on UNIX Platforms in Console Modez Installing on UNIX Platforms in Silent ModeOverviewOracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS software is distributed as an installer file which can be executed on UNIX platforms using any of the following three methods:z Graphical user interface (GUI) installation.z Console installation.z Silent installation.Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS 11g Release 1 (11.1.1.3.0) distribution contains the following key components:z Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS administrative utilitiesOracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation Guide1Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation Guidez Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS sample applications (optionally installed)Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS is installed in the <ORACLEHOME>/artims_11gR1 directory by default.System Requirementsz JRE version 1.5.0 or aboveSupported Platformsz AIX 6.1 64-bit on Powerz Linux 64-bit on x86_64 (Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.4 or Redhat Linux 5)z Oracle Linux 5.6 (64-bit) on Exalogic 2.0z Oracle Linux 5.6 (64-bit) on Non Exalogic Hardwarez Solaris 10 64-bit on SparcInstalling on UNIX Platforms in Graphics Mode To run GUI-mode installation, the computer console on which you are installing the software must support a Java-based GUI.To install the Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS software on UNIX systems ingraphics mode, do the following steps:unch the Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS installation program.a.Log on as root or another user with sufficient permissions.b.Execute the installation program: ./installer_name.binThe Introduction screen appears.2.Click Next to proceed with the installation. The Choose Oracle Home Directory screenappears.You can select from the following options:a.Choose existing Oracle Home directoryClick the Choose an Oracle Home directory option button if you already have one ormore Oracle Home directories on your system. Select an Oracle Home directory fromthe list displayed to the right of the option buttons.2Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation GuideUninstall GUI Mode All valid Oracle Home directories are displayed in this list. Valid Oracle Homedirectories are directories where Oracle products have been installed using the standard installation program.b.Specify Oracle Home directoryClick the Specify an Oracle Home directory button to enter a valid directory.Note:Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS installation will report an error and will not proceed in the event of the following:If an existing Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS 11g Release 1(11.1.1.3.0) installation is detected, you are prompted to overwrite it or not. Select“yes” to overwrite the existing installation.3.Click Next to proceed with the installation. The Choose Install Folder screen appears.If the selected Oracle Home does not have Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS 11gR1 installed, you can modify the default install directory; otherwise the detecteddirectory name is suggested. The default install directory is<ORACLEHOME>/artims_11gR1.4.Click Next to proceed with the installation. The Sample Install Confirm screen appears.You are prompted to choose install samples or not.5.If the installation process continues, the Pre-Installation Summary screen appears.Review the summary information and click Install if the information is correct.Click Previous to go back and modify any input that you want to change.Click Cancel to terminate the installation process. This is the last chance you have tocancel your installation without copying any files on your target machine.6.The Install Complete screen appears when the installation is finished.Click Done to exit the installation program.Uninstall GUI ModeUnder <INSTALL_DIR> there is a directory named 'uninstaller', which contains the uninstaller and resources specific to the un-installation of the product. To uninstall Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS 11gR1 in GUI mode, use the ./uninstall command.Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation Guide3Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation GuideInstalling on UNIX Platforms in Console Mode To install Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS software in console mode on a certified UNIX platform, do the following steps:1.Log on as root or another user with sufficient permissions.2.Execute the installation program in character-based mode: /installer_name.bin -iconsole3.The installation program runs and prompts you for responses as shown in Listing 1.Listing 1 Installation ProgramPreparing to install...Extracting the JRE from the installer archive...Unpacking the JRE...Extracting the installation resources from the installer archive...Configuring the installer for this system's environment...Launching installer...Preparing CONSOLE Mode Installation...========================================================================== =====Introduction------------InstallAnywhere will guide you through the installation ofOracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS 11gR1(11.1.1.3.0).It is strongly recommended that you quit all programs before continuing with this installation.Respond to each prompt to proceed to the next step in the installation. If you want to change something on a previous step, type 'back'.4Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation GuideInstalling on UNIX Platforms in Console ModeYou may cancel this installation by typing 'quit'.WARNING: "Quitting" creates an incomplete Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS 11gR1 (11.1.1.3.0) installation.You must re-install Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS 11gR1 (11.1.1.3.0).========================================================================== =====Choose Oracle Home----------------------------1- Choose existing Oracle Home directory2- Specify Oracle Home directoryEnter a number: 2Specify an Oracle Home directory: /home/user/oracle========================================================================== =====Choose Product Directory---------------------1- Modify Current Selection (/home/user/oracle/artims_11gR1)2- Use Current Selection (/home/user/oracle/artims_11gR1)Enter a number: 2========================================================================== =====Sample Install Confirm---------------------Install Samples?Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation Guide5Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation Guide->1- No2- YesENTER THE NUMBER OF THE DESIRED CHOICE, OR PRESS <ENTER> TO ACCEPT THE DEFAULT:========================================================================== =====Pre-Installation Summary------------------------Please Review the Following Before Continuing:Product Name:Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS 11gR1Install Folder:/home/user/oracle/artims_11gR1Link Folder:/local/home/dxfRequired Space:83036116 bytesAvailable Space:23126462464 bytesPRESS <ENTER> TO CONTINUE:========================================================================== =====Installing...-------------=====Installation Complete---------------------6Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation GuideInstalling on UNIX Platforms in Console ModeCongratulations. Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS 11gR1 has been successfully installed to:/home/user/oracle/artims_11gR1PRESS <ENTER> TO EXIT THE INSTALLER:Uninstall Console ModeUnder <INSTALL_DIR> there is a directory named 'uninstaller', which contains the uninstaller and resources specific to the un-installation of the product. To uninstall Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS in console mode, use the./uninstall -i console command.About to uninstall screen: appears to prompt user the un-installation of the product starts.Uninstall Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS 11gR1(11.1.1.3.0)----------------About to uninstall...Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS 11gR1This will remove features installed by InstallAnywhere. It will not remove files and folders created after the installation.PRESS <ENTER> TO CONTINUE:Uninstall screen: This screen simply shows the uninstall procedure item by item.Uninstalling ...---------------***************************************************************************************************...*Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation GuideUninstall Complete screen: After un-installation finishes, this screen appears, and reports the un-installation summary.Uninstall Complete------------------All items were successfully Uninstall.Installing on UNIX Platforms in Silent ModePreparing for Silent Mode InstallationBefore you install Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS, complete the following tasks: z Verify that enough disk space is available.z Verify the login ID has proper permission for silent installation.z Create a template file containing the required keyword settings.Creating a Silent Mode Installation Template FileTo create a template file for use in the silent installation process, you must use keywords as shown in Table 1.Table 1 Silent Mode Installation Template FileFor This Keyword…Enter The Following Value…INSTALLER_UI= The mode of installation. The default is silent; do not modify this value. ORACLEHOME=The full pathname of the Oracle Home directory of your choice.USER_INSTALL_DIR The full pathname of the installation directory.INSTALL_SAMPLES=Y|N Specifies whether sample applications are installed or not.OVERWRITE=Y|N If you are using silent mode installation over an existing version of OracleTuxedo Application Runtime for IMS, you must add this line to your templatefile.Any value other than "Y" or "y" will not overwrite the existing Oracle TuxedoApplication Runtime for IMS version and cancels the installation.Installing in Silent ModeSample UNIX TemplateINSTALLER_UI=silentORACLEHOME=/home/user/oracleUSER_INSTALL_DIR=/home/user/oracle/artims_11gR1INSTALL_SAMPLES=YOVERWRITE=YInstalling in Silent ModeTo use silent mode installation on a UNIX system, you must do the following steps:1.Create a file containing the required variables set to valid data.2.At the command line prompt, go to the directory containing the installer executable.3.Enter the following command: Installer_name.bin -f path/installer.dataNote:path is the full path to the variable data file and installer.data is the data file containing the required variables.Verifying Silent Mode InstallationYou can verify successful silent mode installation by checking the installation directory to see if all the Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS binaries are listed.If silent mode installation fails, check the following log file:$HOME/ARTIMS_silent_install.log.Uninstall Silent InstallationUnder <INSTALL_DIR> there is a directory named 'uninstaller', which contains the uninstaller and resources specific to the un-installation of the product. To uninstall Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS in silent mode, use the ./uninstall -i silent command.See Alsoz Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Users Guidez Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Reference GuideOracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS Installation GuideA P P E N D I X Supported PlatformsTable A-1 lists Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS 11g Release 1 (11.1.1.3.0) supported platforms.Table A-1 Oracle Tuxedo Application Runtime for IMS 11g Release 1 (11.1.1.3.0)Supported PlatformsPlatform GA Port/Post-GA Port &Certification Release Date OS EOL DateAIX 6.1 64-bit on Power GA2011.12TBDLinux 64-bit on x86_64 (Oracle EnterpriseLinux 5.4 or Redhat Linux 5)GA2011.12TBD Oracle Linux 5.6 (64-bit) on Exalogic 2.0GA2011.12TBDOracle Linux 5.6 (64-bit) on non ExalogichardwareGA2011.12TBD Solaris 10 64-bit on Sparc GA2011.12TBDSupported PlatformsSupported Platform Data SheetsAIX 6.1 64-bit on PowerThe software requirements for AIX 6.1 64-bit on Power are as follows:z MicroFocus COBOL 5.1z COBOL-IT 2.9.5z IBM XL C/C++ 9Linux 64-bit on x86_64 (Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.4 or Redhat Linux 5)The software requirements for Linux 64-bit on x86_64 are as follows:z MicroFocus COBOL 5.1z COBOL-IT 2.9.5z gcc/g++ 4.1.2Oracle Linux 5.6 (64-bit) on Exalogic 2.0The software requirements for Oracle Linux 5.6 (64-bit) on Exalogic 2.0 are as follows:z MicroFocus COBOL 5.1z COBOL-IT 2.9.5z gcc 4.1.2Oracle Linux 5.6 (64-bit) on Non Exalogic HardwareThe software requirements for Oracle Linux 5.6 (64-bit) on non Exalogic hardware are asfollows:z MicroFocus COBOL 5.1z COBOL-IT 2.9.5z gcc 4.1.2Supported Platform Data SheetsOracle Solaris 10 64-bit on SparcThe software requirements for Oracle Solaris 10 64-bit on Sparc are as follows:z MicroFocus COBOL 5.1z COBOL-IT 2.9.5z C/C++ Sun Studio 12Supported Platforms。

NOVUX 硬化终端购买指南说明书

Ordering GuideNOVUX Hardened Terminals (HT) were created to give providers the agility and flexibility to keep pace with today’s rapidlychanging network environment.In a single platform, HT brings many advantages:·Up to 40% smaller footprint·The widest variety of technologies available from a single platform·Application flexibility for new builds and upgrades·Designed and built to be ready for the field workforce of the future·Backed by an agile global supply chain with a common platform design and processesThe HT portfolio contains single-fiber, multi-fiber, optical tap, and fiber indexing terminals. All are designed to adapt to your particular application—they share connection capabilities, a unique product information system, a mounting platform, and customer configurability. The HT portfolio also allows you to choose your connectivity and cable option, because each NOVUX hardened terminal accepts:·Full-size single-fiber connectors·HMFOC multi-fiber (2-12 fibers) connectors ·Cables from 5 mm to 18 mm round·Terminal front port options include full size adapters, multi-fiber HMFOC jacks or a mix of single and multi-fiber Whatever the application, however they’re deployed, NOVUX Hardened Terminals are ready to bring ultimate flexibility to your plug-and-play FTTH solutions. HT adds value for providers today, and long-term profitability in the decades to come.Current MST 8-portNOVUX HST 8-port* C ompared to existing MST terminals with universal mounting bracket40%smaller *NOVUX hardened terminalsU P T OCommScope is a world leader in communicationinfrastructure solutions, and this portfolio is the result of our four-decades’ experience shaping FTTH networks, solutions, and products. CommScope’s NOVUX Hardened Terminals ordering guide was created to help network planners and engineers select the hardened terminal that best suits their specific application needs, with a focus on conversion from MST terminals. During your network planning process, please keep in mind that on-demand NOVUX HT configurations are available—just contact your CommScope representative to discuss your specific needs.Learn more:NOVUX Hardened Terminals Brochure NOVUX Hardened Terminals VideoContentsNOVUX hardened terminals, single-fiber 5 Small (2 to 4 ports) 6 Medium (5 to 8 ports) 9 Large (9 to 12 ports) 13 Common drop cables for use with HT terminals 15NOVUX hardened terminals, fiber indexing 16 Small (2 to 4 ports) 17 Medium (5 to 8 ports) 21 Large (9 to 12 ports) 23 NOVUX hardened terminals, multi-fiber 24 Small (2 to 4 ports) 25 Medium (5 to 8 ports) and large (9 to 12 ports) 26 Common drop cables for use with HT terminals 27NOVUX hardened terminals, optical taps 28The ultimate flexibility for plug-and-play FTTH solutionsContact your CommScope representativefor configuration availability.Options Reverse spool Reverse spool Reverse spool Reverse spool Reverse spoolOptionsOptions Reverse spool4 port4 port splitter4 port (continued)6 port6 port8 port6 port6 port (continued)8 port (continued)8 port8 port splitter8 port splitter – stubless(stub options available)12 port12 port12 port multi-use with 1:8 splitter12 port12 port (continued)Contact your CommScope representative2 port 12F branching2 port 12F2 port 12F branching (continued)2 port 12F3 port 12F index only with reverse3 port 12F4 port 12F Index with 2F multi-use4 port 12F5 port 12F6 port 12F5 port 12F index with 3F multi-use6 port 12F8 port 12F6 port 12F 1:4 with reverse12 port 12F10 port10 port 12F 1:8 with reverseContact your CommScope representativefor configuration availability.2 port4 port2 port6 port12 port6 port2-fiber hardened drop cable (HMFOC to LC duplex)Used to Connect MHT (2-fibers per port) to Small Cell Remote Radio UnitContact your CommScope representativefor configuration availability.2 drop tap2 drop tap2 drop terminating tap4 drop tap4 drop terminating tap8 drop tap8 drop tap 8 drop terminating tapCommScope pushes the boundaries of communicationstechnology with game-changing ideas and ground-breakingdiscoveries that spark profound human achievement.We collaborate with our customers and partners to design,create and build the world’s most advanced networks. It is ourpassion and commitment to identify the next opportunity andrealize a better tomorrow. Discover more at .Visit our website or contact your local CommScope representative for more information.© 2022 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved.All trademarks identified by ™ or ® are trademarks or registered trademarks in the US and may be registered in other countries. All product names, trademarks and registered trademarks are property of their respective owners. This document is for planning purposes only and is not intended to modify or supplement any specifications or warranties relating to CommScope products or services. CommScope is committed to the highest standards of business integrity and environmental sustainability, with a number of CommScope’s facilities across the globe certified in accordance with international standards,。

IBM Maximo 石油和天然气 7.6 快速入门指南说明书

IBM Maximo for Oil and GasVersion 7.6Quick Start GuideThis guide introduces IBM Maximo for Oil and Gas version 7.6, provides a link to prerequisite software, gets you started with a typical installation, and provides a roadmap to other important information. Globalization:To obtain the Quick Start Guide in other languages, access the language-specific files from Passport Advantage®. Product overviewMaximo®for Oil and Gas provides enterprises with best practices for improving safety, reliability, and compliance with regulations, with the objective of reducing overall risk in operating environments.Before you install the product, refer to the IBM Maximo for Oil and Gas 7.6 Installation Guidenotes for Maximo for Oil and Gas at Release Notes (/support/knowledgecenter/SSLL9G_7.6.0/com.ibm.oil.doc/common/oil76_relnotes.html). Release notes contain the latest information that is relevant to theinstallation of this product. If no additional information is available, this link returns no search results.For complete documentation, including installation instructions, refer to the IBM Knowledge Center for Maximo for Oil and Gas (/support/knowledgecenter/SSLL9G_7.6.0/com.ibm.oil.doc/welcome.html).2Step 2: Plan the installationInstalling Maximo for Oil and Gas requires system administrator rights and privileges. You install the product on aMicrosoft Windows administrative workstation. You must ensure that IBM Maximo Asset Management 7.6.0.2 or a later version is installed on the same administrative workstation where you plan to install Maximo for Oil and Gas 7.6, and in the same language as Maximo for Oil and Gas 7.6.For details about the software, system, and network requirements for Maximo for Oil and Gas, refer to the SystemRequirements (https:///developerworks/mydeveloperworks/wikis/home/wiki/IBM%20Maximo%20Asset %20Management/page/System%20requirements) page of the Maximo Asset Management wiki (opens in a new browser window or tab).For information about updating to Maximo Asset Management 7.6.0.2 from version 7.6, see the Maximo AssetManagement 7.6.0.2 feature pack download document (/support/docview.wss?uid=swg24040699).3Step 3: Install the productTo install the product:1.Review the software requirements.2.Install Maximo for Oil and Gas.3.Update the Maximo database. This step is required if you chose the option Defer the Update of the Maximo Databaseduring the installation.4.Build the enterprise application archive (EAR) files. This step is required if you chose either Defer Maximo ApplicationRedeployment or Defer the Update of the Maximo Database during the installation.5.For the IBM WebSphere®Application Server environments: The EAR files are installed during the Maximo AssetManagement installation. If this task was deferred during the Maximo Asset Management installation (by choosingeither Defer Maximo Application Redeployment or Defer the Update of the Maximo Database), deploy the EAR files.6.For Oracle WebLogic Server environments only: you must deploy the enterprise application archive (EAR) files.7.If a license for IBM Maximo Spatial Asset Management is installed and enabled, add spatial features to Maximo for Oiland Gas records. You can also grant access to spatial options.Detailed instructions for these steps are in the IBM Maximo for Oil and Gas 7.6 Installation Guide in the IBM Knowledge Center for Maximo for Oil and Gas (/support/knowledgecenter/SSLL9G_7.6.0/com.ibm.oil.doc/welcome.html).IBM®More informationAfter you install Maximo for Oil and Gas, use the IBM Knowledge Center to learn more about the product.For more information, refer to the following sources:v Configuration at Configuring Maximo for Oil and Gas (/support/knowledgecenter/SSLL9G_7.6.0/com.ibm.oil.doc/configure/t_configure_oil.html)v Product support at IBM Support Portal (/support/entry/portal/overview/software/tivoli/Maximo_for_Oil_and_Gas)v IBM User Communities at IBM User Communities (/community/)IBM Maximo for Oil and Gas 7.6 Licensed Materials - Property of IBM. © Copyright IBM Corp. 2011, 2015. U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights - Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.IBM, the IBM logo, and ®are trademarks or registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corp., registered in many jurisdictions worldwide. Other product and service names might be trademarks of IBM or other companies. A current list of IBM trademarks is available on the Web at “Copyright and trademark information” (/legal/copytrade.shtml).Printed in Ireland。

如何修改为ESXi主机安装第三方软件时的AcceptanceLevel

如何修改为ESXi主机安装第三方软件时的AcceptanceLevel如何修改为ESXi主机安装第三方软件时的Acceptance Level聊这个事情之前，得先知道VMware的VIB到底有几个级别，实际上是4个，分别是：: t* Y" c; h$ d; U$ t' a$ k+ Z8 k- [, R/ q/ T! N D% e Q: q" d. ~VMwareCertifiedVMwareAcceptedPartnerSupportedCommunitySupported0 J5 O1 R& i5 C# t+ f$ J l9 S' \( h3 n5 Y. e8 q/ @# m级别的差异自然意味着第三方软件包的可靠性差异，如果是VMwareCertified自然最高，不太可能会因为安装上去导致什么问题，而如果是CommunitySupported则是最糟糕的，所以，自己决定如何选择；8 J; Q8 P2 v1 _/ u2 u现在来说说如何去修改这个Acceptance Level，以及确认主机当前到底是哪一种Acceptance Level，方法如下：1、首先，将需要安装的VIB放到ESXi主机这边，执行如下命令去查看主机的的Acceptance Level是什么：; c$ X' D. b9 ?1.#esxcli software acceptance get)2、在不确信VIB的Acceptance level前，可以尝试加上--dry-run参数来查看它的级别：0 x7 f" B" f) w3 g( t: ]; Z, Q1.#esxcli software vib install -v /vmfs/volumes/datastore/xxxx.vib --dry-run9 w: v8 f- b: X8 `5 i% b3、之后，如果想要调整主机的当前Acceptance Level，可以执行如下命令完成修改：1.#esxcli software acceptance set --level=PartnerSupported文档来源：虚拟人WeChat：vmanager_forum。