宾语补足语
宾语补足语
宾语补足语Object Complement一、宾语补足语的含义宾语补足语（Object Complement)放在宾语后面，用来补充说明宾语所表示的人或事物所发出的动作，或者说明宾语的状态、特性、身份等。
宾语补足语可以有不定式、分词（现在分词和过去分词）、名词、代词、形容词、介词短语或副词充当）。
二、宾语补足语的表现形式带有宾语补足语的一般句型结构为“某些及物动词（如make等）+直接宾语（名词或代词）+宾语补足语”。
宾语补足语在句子的表现法：1. 用名词（包括名词性物主代词）表示：His Father named him Dongming. 他父亲给他取名叫东明。
We consider Mr.Zhang an excellent teacher. 我们认为张先生是一位优秀的老师。
2. 用形容词（短语）表示：They painted their boat white. 他们把船漆成白色。
We believed the report untrue. 我们确信这个报告不是真的。
I saw him young and strong, and now he is old and worn. 我那时见到他，他年轻力壮，现在他已年老体弱了。
3.用不定式（短语）表示：You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you. 你不应该强迫他借钱给你。
Nobody noticed him enter the room.没人注意到他进了房间。
【注意】see, have, let, make, watch, notice, observe等动词后的宾语补足语用定语表示时，省略to，help后的不定式符号to可带不可带。
see sb do sth 而不用see sb to do sthhelp sb to do sth或help sb do sth4. 用现在分词（短语）表示：We saw her entering the room. 我们看见她正走进那个房间。
宾语补足语
宾语补足语宾语补足语是在句子中充当宾语的成分之一。
它可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式短语、动名词短语等。
宾语补足语通常起到进一步说明宾语的作用，使句子更加完整和准确。
本文将详细介绍宾语补足语的概念、分类和用法。
一、宾语补足语的概念宾语补足语（Complement of Object）即为补充说明或完成宾语的成分。
它一般出现在及物动词后面，表示对宾语所表示的事物进行进一步的补充、说明和加强。
宾语补足语主要具有以下特点：1.宾语补足语在句子中通常属于及物动词的一个组成部分，不能单独存在。
2.宾语补足语在形式上可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式短语、动名词短语等。
3.宾语补足语的作用是进一步说明宾语，使句子更加完整和准确。
二、宾语补足语的分类根据宾语补足语所表示的内容，可以将宾语补足语分为以下几类：1. 名词性宾语补足语名词性宾语补足语是宾语的补足语是一个名词，用来对宾语进行进一步说明和补充。
常见的名词性宾语补足语有：•名词：我认为他是个天才。
•代词：我发现他是我。
•数词：他们选了三个代表。
2. 形容词性宾语补足语形容词性宾语补足语是宾语的补足语是一个形容词，用来对宾语进行进一步形容和补充。
常见的形容词性宾语补足语有：•形容词：我觉得那个电影很好看。
•分词：她把钱数得仔细。
•介词短语：他们把书放在桌子上。
3. 副词性宾语补足语副词性宾语补足语是宾语的补足语是一个副词，用来对宾语进行进一步说明和补充。
常见的副词性宾语补足语有：•副词：请你关好窗户。
•介词短语：他把字写在纸上。
4. 不定式宾语补足语不定式宾语补足语是宾语的补足语是一个不定式，用来对宾语进行进一步说明和补充。
常见的不定式宾语补足语有：•动词不定式：我打算去旅行。
•动词短语：她喜欢看电视。
5. 动名词宾语补足语动名词宾语补足语是宾语的补足语是一个动名词或者动词+ing形式，用来对宾语进行进一步说明和补充。
常见的动名词宾语补足语有：•动名词：我喜欢学习英语。
什么是宾语补足语
什么是宾语补足语？宾语补足语（Object Complement）是一种用于补充宾语的词语、短语或从句，用来进一步说明宾语的性质、状态或特征。
宾语补足语通常跟在及物动词或使役动词后面，用于补充、说明或修饰宾语。
下面是一些常见的宾语补足语及其用法：1. 形容词宾语补足语：-形容词宾语补足语用于描述或修饰宾语的状态或特征。
- I find the movie interesting.（我觉得这部电影有趣。
）- They elected him president.（他们选举他为总统。
）2. 名词宾语补足语：-名词宾语补足语用于进一步说明宾语的身份、职业、状态等。
- They named the baby Lily.（他们给宝宝取名叫莉莉。
）- We consider him a friend.（我们认为他是一个朋友。
）3. 介词短语宾语补足语：-介词短语宾语补足语用于提供关于宾语位置、方向、时间等方面的信息。
- They painted the house white.（他们把房子涂成了白色。
）- She made a cake for her mother.（她给她妈妈做了一个蛋糕。
）4. 不定式宾语补足语：-不定式宾语补足语用于补充说明宾语的目的、目标或意图。
- I want to make you happy.（我想让你开心。
）- He asked her to help him.（他要求她帮助他。
）5. 从句宾语补足语：-从句宾语补足语用于提供更详细的信息或解释宾语的内容。
- I believe that he is innocent.（我相信他是无辜的。
）- They knew what had happened.（他们知道发生了什么事情。
）宾语补足语在句子中起到进一步说明、补充或修饰宾语的作用，使句子更加丰富和准确。
正确使用宾语补足语可以使语言更加地道和自然。
通过大量的阅读和实践，可以更好地掌握宾语补足语的用法，并使英语表达更加准确、恰当和流畅。
什么是宾语补足语
什么是宾语补足语？宾语补足语（Object Complement）是一种用来补充和描述宾语的成分，它通常出现在及物动词的后面，对宾语进行进一步说明或补充。
宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词、代词、副词或介词短语等，它们在句子中起到对宾语进行补充、说明或限定的作用。
以下是关于宾语补足语的详细解释和使用指导：宾语补足语的种类：1. 形容词宾语补足语（Adjective Object Complement）：形容词宾语补足语是用形容词来补充和描述宾语的。
它通常用于系动词（如be、seem、appear、become等）后面，用于对主语或宾语进行进一步的描述。
例如：- He felt tired.（他感到疲倦。
）- The cake looks delicious.（这个蛋糕看起来很美味。
）2. 名词宾语补足语（Noun Object Complement）：名词宾语补足语是用名词来补充和限定宾语的。
它通常用于使役动词（如make、call、consider 等）后面，用于对宾语进行进一步的说明或限定。
例如：- They made him the captain.（他们让他成为队长。
）- I consider her a good friend.（我认为她是个好朋友。
）3. 副词宾语补足语（Adverb Object Complement）：副词宾语补足语是用副词来补充和修饰宾语的。
它通常用于某些动词（如find、keep、leave 等）后面，用于对宾语进行进一步的说明或修饰。
例如：- They found the room empty.（他们发现房间是空的。
）- She kept the door open.（她让门开着。
）宾语补足语的位置：宾语补足语通常紧跟在及物动词的后面，直接跟在宾语之后。
例如：- They made him the captain.（他们让他成为队长。
）需要注意的是，某些及物动词（如ask、tell、give等）后面可以接两个宾语，其中一个是人称宾语（即直接宾语），另一个是宾语补足语。
宾语补足语
用来补充说明宾语的身份或状态的词或短语叫做宾语补足语。
宾语+宾语补足语，叫做复合宾语。
如果直接宾语是不定式、动名词、从句，常用it来做形式宾语。
They elected him their monitor.I found the baby always happy.I find it easy to sing a song. 下一部分详细讲解宾语补足语。
五．宾语补足语1．定义宾语补足语是指及物动词后的,用以补充说明宾语身份,状态等的名词或短语. Electricity can make a machine run. We consider the answer correct.2. 此类及物动词有：make（使），consider（认为），cause（引起），see（看见），find（发现），call（称为，叫做），get（让，使得），Have（让，使得），let（让）等。
3．辨别方法：宾语补足语回答“宾语是人时，谁怎么样啊，怎么了，干什么啊”等；当“宾语是物时，什么东西怎么了，怎么样….”等问题。
如：I find you interesting. 我发现你，你是宾语。
你怎么了？你有趣Interesting.I saw a book interesting. 我看见一本书，书是宾语。
书怎么样？interesting.4．宾语补足语的构成(1) 名词（包括名词性物主代词）：Her father named her Kate.(2) 形容词或形容词短语：They pained their house white.(3) 不定式及其短语：You musn’t force him to lend his money to you.Make, see, have, let, watch, notice, hear, observe等动词后的宾语补足语是不定式时，不加to; help 后的宾补可带也可不带to。
宾语补足语
宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语。
可作宾补的有名词、形容词、副词、分词、介词短语和动词不定式。
一、名词、形容词、副词、分词、介词短语作宾语补足语。
e.g We call him Jim.(名词)We must keep our school clean every day.(形容词)Call him in,please.(副词)Leave it on the desk.(介词短语)二、动词不定式作宾语补足语。
可分为三种情况。
1、跟带to 的动词不定式做宾语补足语。
这类动词有：ask叫，tell告诉，advise建议，order命令，get叫，teach教，want想要，expect期望，allow允许，encourage鼓励，wouldlike想要，follow跟随，invite邀请，warn警告等等。
2、跟不带to的动词不定式做宾语补足语。
这类动词有let 让，make使，see看见，watch注视，hear听见，notice注意到，feel感觉到，listento听，look at看have使。
e.g let us have a rest.Let me have a look.This dress makes me look fat.He saw somebody swim in the river yesterday.注意：这种结构变成被动语态时，to 必须加上。
e.g I saw him leave the room with a book in his hand just nowhe was seen to leave the room with a book in his hand just now.3、跟带to或跟不带to的动词不定式做宾语补足语。
这类动词只有help.He always helps me (to) learn English.Can you help me (to) wash my clothes.三、分词做宾语补足语。
宾语补足语
宾语补足语宾语补足语英语中，有些及物动词后接宾语时，还需要加一个词或短语来补充说明宾语的情况，这样的词或短语叫做宾语补足语。
可以作宾语补足语的词有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、V-ed形式或V-ing形式等。
1. 名词作宾语补足语，通常放在call, name, keep, make, find, think, consider等动词之后，补充说明宾语的身份或特性等。
2. 形容词或副词的原级或比较级作宾语补足语，通常放在make, keep, find, get, let等动词之后，补充说明宾语的状态或特征等。
3. 带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，通常放在ask, tell, like, want, get, teach, order, prefer, warn, advise, remind, wish, would like, would love等动词（短语）之后。
4. 省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，通常放在使役动词make, let, have和感官动词see, watch, hear, feel, notice, listen to, look at 等动词（短语）之后。
但是，变为被动语态后省去的to要还原。
【注意】动词help后作宾语补足语的动词不定式可带to也可省略to。
5. V-ed形式或V-ing形式作宾语补足语，通常放在have, make, keep, hear, watch, see, notice, find等动词之后。
【注意】感官动词see, hear, watch等后接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，往往表示动作的整个过程，着眼于动作已经完成或经常发生；后接V-ing形式作宾语补足语，表示动作正在发生或进行。
6. 介词短语作宾语补足语，通常放在find, make, keep等动词之后。
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Our teacher advises us ________ (study) hard.2. We often see him _____ (play) football on the playground.3. We must make computers ______ (serve) us better.4. My parents told me not _________ (spend) too much time watching TV.5. I saw him _______ (play) basketball when I passed the playground.链接中考1. My roommate often asks me ________ her to play chess.A. teachB. teachingC. to teach2. The woman made his son ______ finally after she told him some jokes .A. laughedB. to laughC. laughD. laughing3. -- I saw Ann ______ a green dress at the school meeting.-- I think she looks better ______ red.A. dressed; inB. put on; wearC. wearing; inD. wear; put on4. The scientist tried his best to make his view ______.A. to understandB. understandC. understoodD. understanding5. The soft music makes me _______ (relax).6. The music makes him ______ (want) to sleep.7. He made me _______(repeat) it.8. The picture makes me _________ (energy).9.Young parents usually don’t know how ________ (make) a baby happy.10.He said again in order to make himself __________ (understand).They also have to know how to make money.他们还必须知道如何赚钱。
宾语补足语定义
宾语补足语定义宾语补足语是在一个句子中用来补充说明或完善宾语的成分。
它可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词或从句等。
宾语补足语在句子中起到了进一步说明宾语的作用，使句子更加完整，表达更加准确。
宾语补足语可以通过以下几种方式来进行补充说明：1. 名词补足语：宾语补足语可以是一个名词或名词短语，用来进一步说明宾语的身份、特征或属性。
例如：- 他把那本书当作礼物送给了我。
在这个句子中，“礼物”就是宾语补足语，用来说明“那本书”的属性。
2. 形容词补足语：宾语补足语可以是一个形容词，用来进一步描述宾语的状态或特征。
例如：- 她把房间布置得很漂亮。
在这个句子中，“很漂亮”就是宾语补足语，用来描述“房间”的状态。
3. 副词补足语：宾语补足语可以是一个副词或副词短语，用来进一步说明宾语的方式、程度或时间等。
例如：- 她做作业做得非常仔细。
在这个句子中，“非常仔细”就是宾语补足语，用来说明“做作业”的方式。
4. 介词短语补足语：宾语补足语可以是一个介词短语，用来进一步说明宾语的位置、方向或关系等。
例如：- 他把书放在桌子上。
在这个句子中，“在桌子上”就是宾语补足语，用来说明“书”的位置。
5. 不定式补足语：宾语补足语可以是一个不定式，用来进一步说明宾语的目的、用途或动作等。
例如：- 我们需要找一个人帮助我们。
在这个句子中，“找一个人帮助我们”就是宾语补足语，用来说明“需要”的动作。
6. 动名词补足语：宾语补足语可以是一个动名词，用来进一步说明宾语的动作、方式或原因等。
例如：- 我喜欢听音乐。
在这个句子中，“听音乐”就是宾语补足语，用来说明“喜欢”的动作。
7. 从句补足语：宾语补足语可以是一个从句，用来进一步说明宾语的内容、情况或原因等。
例如：- 他告诉我他要去旅行。
在这个句子中，“他要去旅行”就是宾语补足语，用来说明“告诉”的内容。
宾语补足语在句子中起到了补充说明宾语的作用，使句子更加丰富和准确。
宾语补足语
宾语补足语有以下几类。
1.由动词不定式充当。
多数是带to的不定式，也有不带to的不定式。
1).要求带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有tell，ask，invite，force，get，beg，allow，wish，want，like，prefer，intend，expect，encourage，advise，permit，order，warn，cause等。
eg.I would prefer you not to change your plan．我宁愿你不要改变计划。
They encouraged me to try again．他们鼓励我再次尝试。
2).某些动词如think，consider，believe，know，find等后面作宾语补足语的不定式常用to be + adj．的结构。
eg.We believed him to be stupid．我们认为他很笨。
He didn”t consider himself (to be) important．他并不认为自己重要。
3).某些动词如make，have，let，see，hear，watch，notice，feel等后作宾语补足语的不定式不带to。
eg.He made us stay for tea．他使我们留下来吃茶点。
Let me introduce you to Miss Li．让我介绍你和李小姐认识。
Did you notice me leave/leaving the house.你注意到我离开了（正在离开）那房子吗？4).变为被动语态时，不定式符号to必须保留。
eg.People who won’t work should be made to work．必须要不愿工作的人工作。
The middle-aged man was seen to enter the building．人们看见那中年男子走进大楼。
2.由-ing形式或过去分词充当。
宾语补足语
宾语补足语宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语，与宾语一起构成复合宾语。
可作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词和动词不定式等。
（一）、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语作宾语补足语。
如：1.We call him Jim.（名词）我们叫他吉姆。
2.We must keep our school clean every day.（形容词）我们必须每天保持校园清洁。
3.Call him in, please.（副词）请叫他进来。
4.Leave it on the desk.（介词短语）把它留在课桌上。
（二）、动词不定式作宾语补足语可分为三种情况：1.跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
常见的这类动词有：ask, tell, get, teach, want, invite, like, allow, wish, encourage等。
如：Tell Jane to sing us a song.叫简给我们唱支歌。
2.跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
常见的这类动词有“一感（feel）、二听（listen to, hear）,三让（make, let, have）,四看（look at, see, watch, notice）如：Let’s have a rest.让我们休息一会儿。
但这种结构变成被动语态时，to必须加上。
如：He was seen to leave the room with a book in his hand.有人见他手拿着一本书离开这个房间。
3.跟带to或不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
这类动词只有help。
如：Can you help me (to) wash my clothes ? 你能帮我洗衣服吗？（三）、分词作宾语补足语可分为两种情况。
1.现在分词作宾语补足语，经常表示正在发生的动作。
可跟这类补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear等。
如：I hear somebody singing in the next room. 我听见有人在隔壁唱歌。
宾语补足语七种类型及要点
宾语补足语七种类型及要点宾语补足语七种类型：名词做宾语补足语，形容词做宾语补足语，介词短语做宾语补足语，动名词短语做宾语补足语，不定式做宾语补足语，过去分词做宾语补足语，副词做宾语补足语。
1.名词作宾语补足语例如：We call her Goldilocks.我没叫他小金锁。
2.形容词作宾语补足语例如：My work keeps me busy.我的工作叫我忙个不停。
3.介词短语作宾语补足语例如：I left a case on the train.我落了个箱子在火车上。
4.动名词短语作宾语补足语例如：Don't keep me waiting too long.不要让我怎么样、5.不定式作宾语补足语例如：I asked him to help me.我要他帮我。
6.过去分词作宾语补足语例如：Could you make yourself understood?你能让自己被理解吗？7.副词作宾语补足语例如：Don't let your parents down.不要让你的父母失望。
宾语补足语适用类型：1.在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
这类动词有：consider，think，believe，discover，find，imagine，judge，suppose，prove等。
这类动词后的不定式通常是“to be+形容词或名词”结构，think，consider，find后的to be常可省略。
例如：We consider him (to be) a good teacher.我们认为他是一个好老师。
2.在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
这类动词有：love，like，prefer，hate，want，wish，expect等。
例如：I'd prefer you to leave him alone.我希望你不要打扰他。
3.注意：hope，demand，suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。
什么是宾语补足语
什么是宾语补足语？宾语补足语（Object Complement）是英语语法中的一个重要概念。
它是指在句子中作为宾语的补充说明或描述的成分。
宾语补足语通常是名词、形容词、副词或介词短语，用于进一步说明或改变宾语的意义。
宾语补足语可以分为以下几种类型：1. 名词性宾语补足语（Noun Object Complement）：宾语补足语是名词或名词短语，用于进一步说明或描述宾语。
例子：- I consider her a good friend.（宾语补足语是名词短语"a good friend"，进一步说明宾语"her"）- They elected him president.（宾语补足语是名词"president"，进一步说明宾语"him"）2. 形容词性宾语补足语（Adjective Object Complement）：宾语补足语是形容词，用于进一步描述宾语。
例子：- I found the movie boring.（宾语补足语是形容词"boring"，进一步描述宾语"the movie"）- She considers him intelligent.（宾语补足语是形容词"intelligent"，进一步描述宾语"him"）3. 副词性宾语补足语（Adverb Object Complement）：宾语补足语是副词或副词短语，用于进一步说明或修饰宾语。
例子：- They painted the house white.（宾语补足语是副词"white"，进一步说明宾语"the house"）-She considered the proposal carefully.（宾语补足语是副词"carefully"，进一步说明宾语"the proposal"）4. 介词性宾语补足语（Prepositional Object Complement）：宾语补足语是介词短语，用于进一步说明或修饰宾语。
宾语补足语七种类型
宾语补足语七种类型宾语补足语是指在句子中，为了表达作者对宾语的修饰或是更加具体地表达宾语而加以补足的一种句法结构。
根据语法学家Vinogradov的研究可以将宾语补足语分为7种不同类型，即定语性、状语性、内容性、比较性、动宾关系性、伴随性和转化性宾语补足语。
1.定语性宾语补足语：定语性宾语补足语是定义宾语的补足语，例如："他用赤裸裸的真理来揭露他们的谎言。
"中“赤裸裸的”就是定语性宾语补足语，它用来修饰“真理”这个宾语，将其具体化。
2.状语性宾语补足语：状语性宾语补足语是指表示宾语发生的时间、地点或原因的补足语，例如："他们在公园里玩得开心。
"中的“公园里”就是状语性宾语补足语，它用来描述宾语“玩”发生的时间和地点。
3.内容性宾语补足语：内容性宾语补足语是表示宾语所包含的意义或内容的补足语，例如："他们叙述了他们的经历。
"中的“经历”就是内容性宾语补足语，它用来描述宾语“叙述”所指代的内容。
4.比较性宾语补足语：比较性宾语补足语是指用来比较宾语的补足语，例如："他比以前更有勇气。
"中的“以前”就是比较性宾语补足语，它用来与宾语“勇气”形成对比。
5.动宾关系性宾语补足语：动宾关系性宾语补足语是指指明宾语与动词之间的关系的补足语，例如："他发出了声音。
"中的“声音”就是动宾关系性宾语补足语，它用来表示宾语“声音”与动词“发出”之间的关系。
6.伴随性宾语补足语：伴随性宾语补足语是指表示宾语及其他部分共同发生的补足语，例如："他们带着激动的心情探访了外婆家。
"中的“激动的”就是伴随性宾语补足语，它用来表示宾语“探访”与“心情”共同发生。
7.转化性宾语补足语：转化性宾语补足语是指表示宾语改变方式或形式的补足语，例如："他把痛苦变成了力量。
"中的“变”就是转化性宾语补足语，它用来表示宾语“痛苦”在变化之后所变成的形式。
宾语补足语
有些及物动词后接宾语时，还需要加一个词或短语来补充说明宾语的情况，这样的词或短语我们称之为宾语补足语。
宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、V-ed形式或V-ing形式等。
1、“make+宾语+宾语补足语”句型：宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、过去分词、形容词或名词。
(1)、“make＋宾语＋n.:“使让某人/ 某物(成为)……”。
如：We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。
(2)“make＋宾语＋adj.”: “使某人/ 某事(变得)……”。
We must make the rivers clean. 我们必须净化河水。
友情提示：当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语。
如：The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。
(3)“make＋宾语＋do sth.”（不带to的不定式）”意为“使某人做某事”。
如: Our teacher makes us feel more confident. 老师使得我们感到更自信了。
友情提示：在被动语态中，此类结构中省略的动词不定式to 要还原。
如：The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。
相关链接：have, make, let等使役动词和see, hear, listen to, look at, watch, notice,等感官动词都可接不带to的不定式作宾补。
help后可带to,也可不带to。
如：Did you see him go out? 你看见他出去了吗？I often help my mother (to) do some housework. 我经常帮助妈妈做些家务。
（4）“make＋宾语＋Ｖ-ed（过去分词作宾补）”:表示被动的意思，意为“使某人/ 某事被……”。
英语中的宾语补足语
英语中的宾语补足语答：在英语中，为了使句子意思表达更加完整，在某些及物动词的宾语后面加上补充说明宾语的成分，称为宾语补足语。
其句型为：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。
充当宾语补足语的可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语和非谓语动词。
一、常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call，name，make，think等。
如：We should spare no efforts to make our country a developed country.二、常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep，make，keep，leave，find等，形容词作宾语补足语用于说明宾语的性质、状态或特征等。
如：You’d better leave the door open and let the fresh air in.三、副词作宾语补足语用来说明宾语所处的位置、状态等。
如：Please keep the fire on for a few more minutes.四、常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep，find，leave，make等。
如：I left my pen on my desk at home.五、非谓语主要分为v-ing，done和to do 三种形式1.常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：感官动词see，watch，hear，notice，discover，feel，find等，使役动词have，get，leave，keep等后可以跟表示动作性质的现在分词作补足语，表示看见、注意到、发现某人正在做某事和让某人一直做某事。
如：In the country，we can hear birds singing.Don’t keep the child working on his lesson all day.2.接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask，tell，want，teach，advise，allow，persuade，warn，cause，require，encourage等；有些感官动词和使役动词，如：see，watch，hear，feel，notice，observe，make，have，let等。
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【星火高级语法】一、定义：宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。
二、句子结构是：主+谓+宾+宾补三、两种结构：1.主表型：1) make our country beautiful (adjective)2) call him Lao Li (noun)3) find sb. out (adv.)4) find sb. at home (Prep. phrase)2. 主谓型：1) ask sb. to do sth.（有to 不定式）2) have sb. do sth. （无to 不定式）3) see sb. doing sth. （现在分词）4) have sth. done. （过去分词）四、什么动词后可有宾语补足语：1. 在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
这类动词有：consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等。
这类动词后的不定式通常是"to be+形容词或名词"结构，think, consider, find后的to be常可省略。
We consider him (to be) a good teacher.我们认为他是一个好老师。
He proved that theory (to be) very important.他证明那个理论是很重要的。
I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her.我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好，很诚实。
2. 在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
这类动词有：love, like, prefer, hate, want, wish, expect等。
I'd prefer you to leave him alone.我希望你不要打扰他。
I don't want there to be any trouble.我不想有任何麻烦。
3. 注意：hope, demand, suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。
I hope you can give me a hand.我希望你能帮我一把。
I wish you to give me a hand.我希望你能帮我一把。
He required us to be present at the meeting.他要求我们出席会议。
Mr Li suggested that she should not go there alone.李先生建议她不要独自去那里。
五、可作宾语补足语的形式有：不定式，现在分词，过去分词，名词，形容，副词，介词短语都能作补语。
六、具体说明：（一）副词作宾语补足语I found him in yesterday.（二）常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, make, find等。
如：We must keep our classroom clean.（三）常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call, name, make, think等。
如：We call them mooncakes.（四）常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, find, keep等。
如：In the country, we can hear birds singing.（五）常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, find, leave等。
如：I left my pen on my desk at home.（六）不定式作宾语补足语1. 常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, want, teach, wish等；2. 接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, make, let advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause等。
如：I often see him play football.She often asks me to help her.We don't allow such things to happen again.Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke.She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.Please remind me to leave her this note.She requested him to go with her.3. 用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明：①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。
如：I often help my mother(to) do some housework.②在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。
有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：一感二听三让四观看。
一感：feel二听：hear, listen to三让：let, have, make四观看：observe, see, watch, look at这类动词有：make, let, have等。
转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式(have 没有被动语态)。
What would you have me do?你要我做什么？She made him give up smoking.她让他戒了烟。
Let him do whatever he wishes to do.他想干什么就让他干吧。
Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his littlesister.虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了3. 掌握“使役动词have + 宾语＋过去分词”的几种含义在“have ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语，have 也可用get 。
这一结构具有以下几种含义：①意为“主语请别人做某事”。
例如：He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.他明天想去检查眼睛。
（“检查”的动作由医生来进行）②意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”。
例如：Be careful, or you'll have your hands hurt.当心，否则会弄伤手的。
③意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成。
例如：He had the walls painted this morning.他今早把墙漆了。
（主语自己可能参与）④动词不定式也可作一些短语动词的宾语补足语。
I'm waiting for James to arrive.我正等着詹姆斯的到来。
He's arranged for a car to pick them up at the station.他已安排了一辆汽车去车站接他们。
The UN has called on both sides to observe the cease fire.联合国号召交战双方遵守停火协定。
（七）分词作宾语补足语用现在分词作宾补，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系；用过去分词作宾补，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
1. 跟分词作宾补的动词有：catch, have get, keep, hear, find, feel, leave, make, want, start, notice, observe, watch, set等。
例如：There was so much noise that the speaker couldn’t make himself heard.由于十分吵闹，讲话人没法让人听到他的声音。
When he awoke, he found himself being looked after by an old woman.他醒来的时候发现一位老大娘正在照顾他。
2. 几种用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况说明：①表示“意欲；命令”的动词如like, want, wish, order 等，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
例如：The father wants his daughter taught the piano.这位父亲想让女儿学钢琴。
②感官动词see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find 等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
例如：I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now.刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。
③使役动词have, get, make, leave, keep 等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
例如：Have you got your films developed? 你拿胶卷去冲洗了没有？④“with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词with 的宾语补足语。
这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。
例如：The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。
（表方式）With water heated, we can see the steam.水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。
（表条件）With the matter settled, we all went home.事情得到解决，我们都回家了。
（表原因）课堂练习：1. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see ______the next year.A. carry outB. carrying outC. carried outD. to carry out2. ----There’s a hole i n your bag. ---- I know, I’m going to have it _____.mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended3. Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister.cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry4. They would not allow him _____ across the enemy line.to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going5. I found the door _____ when I got home.opened B. close C. unlocking D. open6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ___.not to B. not to do C. not do D. do not to7. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise____.going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on8. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled9. I advised _____ at once.him to starting B. him to start C. to starting D. to start10. When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still ____.beat B. to be beating C. beating D. was beating11. You had better get a doctor _____ your bad tooth.pull out B. to pull out C. pulled out D. pulling out12. He managed to make himself with his____ English.understand; breaking B. understand; brokenC. understood; breakingD. understood; broken13. The doctor asked him not to leave his wound ______.A. exposeB. exposedC. to exposeD. exposing14. They are going to have the service man ____ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.install B. to install C. to be installed D. installed15. After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute ______.being settled B. to be settled C. had settled D. as settled16. You will see this product ____ wherever you go.to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising17. His remarks left me _____ about his real purpose.wondered B. wonder C. to wonder D. wondering18. When I caught him ______ me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop.cheating B. cheat C. to cheat D. to be cheating19. Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister.A. cry; to cryB. crying; cryingC. cry; cryD. to cry; cry20. Did you intend us ___ the new method?21. The teacher encouraged us ______ good compositions.A. WritingB. writtenC. to writeD. is writing22. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ___________.A. not toB. not to doC. not do itD. do not to23. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _______went wrong again.A .it B. it repaired C .repaired D. to be repaired24. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly—elected president is having a hard time.A .settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled25. With trees, flowers and grass_____ everywhere, my native town had taken on a new look.A. plantingB. plantedC. to plant D .to be planted26. She was glad to see her child well_____ care of.A. takeB. to be takenC. takenD. taking27. The result of the entrance exams was not made _____to the public until last Thursday.A. knowingB. knownC. to knowD. to be known28. I can make you _____what I say, but you can’t make yourself ____ in English.A. understand; understand B .understand, understoodC to understand, understand D. understand; to be understood29. He found them ____ at a table_____.A. sat; to play chessB. sitting; to play chessC. seated; playing chessD. seat; play the chess30. John rushed out in a hurry, ___ the door_____.A. leaving; unlockedB. leaving; unlockingC. left; unlockedD. to leave; unlockingKeys:1-5 CCAAD 6-10 AACBC 11-15 BDBAD 16-20 CDAAB 21-25 CACAB 26-30 CBBCA【大显身手】一、选择：1. We are pleased to see the problem___ so quickly.A. settledB. settlingC. be settledD. having been settled2. I could feel the wind ___on my face from an open window.A .to blowB .blowing C. to be blowing D .blown3. ____ production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.A. AsB. ForC. WithD. Through4. ____ everything ____ , she left the supermarket with satisfaction.A. As, buyingB. For, to buyC. With, bought D .Because, to buy5. Don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth.A. runB. runningC. being runD. to run6. He looked around and caught a man ___ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. putB. to be puttingC. to putD. putting7. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents _______.A. worriedB. to worryC. worryingD. worry8. The teacher asked us _____ so much noise.A. don’t makeB. not makeC. not makingD. not to make9. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered ____ clear warnings before firing any shots.A. to issueB. being issuedC. to have issuedD. to be issued10.－Good morning. Can I help you? －I'd like to have this package __ ,Madame.A. be weighedB. to be weighedC. to weighD. weighed11. Father will not __us to use his recorders.A. haveB. let C .agree D. allow12. John was made __the truck for a week as punishment.A .to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing13. The missing boys were last seen __ near the river.A. playingB. to be playingC. playD. to play14. Paul doesn't have to be made __ .He always works hard.A. learnB. to learn C .learned D. learning15. Seeing the sun __ above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.A. to riseB. to raiseC. rising D .raising16. I was disappointed to find his suggestions __ .A been turned down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down17. The patient was warned ____oily food after the operation.A. to eat toB. eating not C .not to eat D not eating18. The speaker raised her voice but still couldn’t make he rself _______.A. hearB. hearingC. to hearD. heard19. If you go to Xi’an, you’ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly _________.A. supposingB. to supposeC. supposedD. suppose20. It’s so cold today, we must keep the fire ________.A. to burnB. burningC. burnD. burnt21. The mother was asked ________ let her children ________ TV every evening;A. not to; watchB. not to; to watchC. not; watchD. not; watching22. They didn’t observe her _______ in and go upstairs.A. comeB. cameC. to comeD. coming23. How about the two of us ____ a walk down the garden?A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. to be taking24. I have had my bike________ , and I’m g oing to have somebody________ my radio tomorrow.A. repair; to repairB. repairing; to be repairedC. repaired; repairD. to repair; repairing25.________ the room, the nurse found the tape recorder ________ .A. Entering; stealingB. Entering; goneC. To have entered; being stolenD. Having entered; to be stolen26. Could you show me the mobile phone you’d like ______?A. to have repairedB. repairing itC. having it repairedD. to repair it27. I have often heard the ABC Song , but I have never heard Alice it.to be sung; to sing B. being sung; sang C. sung; sing D. sang; singing28. I can hardly imagine Peter __________ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A. sailB. to sailC. sailingD. to have sailed29. ---Have you had anyone ______ your newly-bought flat?---Not yet. I am going to get John _______ a design for it first.A. to decorate; makeB. to decorate; to makeC. decorate; makeD. decorate; to make30. ---“Did you have any difficulty in today’s homework?”---“No, in fact I found __________.”A. it very easy to doB. it very easy doneC. very easy for doingD. very easy todo itKey: 1-5 A BCCB 6-10 DADAD 11-15 D AABC 16-20 BCDCB21-25 A ACCB 26-30 A CCDA二、阅读理解AA survey has shown that people have stopped believing both the media and politicians. A similar survey carried out 5 years ago showed that 50% of people thought that what politicians said was usually not true ,and that 35 of people thought that what they saw on the television or read in newspapers was not true.Now both those figures have increased sharply, to 80% of people not believing politicians and 70% not believing the television or newspapers. Experts think that these figures are not going to come down in the near future.Stories about politicians and journalists taking money form businessmen have caused the public to stop trusting them. Also politicians keep making promises that they do not keep. Mr Smith of York said,“ When the politicians make new laws, they only help their friends, not people like me”. Mrs Marley of Leeds said,“The newspapers and television are not interested in what is true; they are only interested in money for advertising”.It has got worse recently as more people can get news from the Internet and learn if the journalists and politicians are telling the truth or not. What can our politicians and journalists do? The only answer is to be more honest.1.The number of people believing politicians and journalists has_______.A . Increased B.not changed C.decreased2.Experts think this problem_______.A.will get better soonB.will not get better soonC.will get worse soon3.Stories say businessmen give money to_______.A.PoliticiansB.politicians and journalistsC.journalists4.Mr Smith thinks politicians make laws______.A.to help their friendsB.to help himC.to help everybody5.People can now check stories using_______.A. the newspapersB.the televisionC.the Internet答案：1.C 2.B 3. B 4.A 5.CBWho will stage the games?Preparing for the Olympics Games is a huge undertaking. Just like the athletes, the host city spends years getting ready for the event. Before deciding which city will host the Olympic Games, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has to examine bids from all over the world. Bidding for the games begins about ten years in advance. Without preparing a very strong bid, a city will not win the competition to host the games. Beijing was chosen for the 2008 games from five bidders — Osaka, Paris, Toronto and Istanbul.Why does it take so long to prepare?Building the infrastructure costs huge amounts of money. Holding the World Cup in 2002 in Japan and South Korea, for example, meant that ten new stadiums had to be built, as well as many hotels and an improved transport system. In Beijing, after winning the bid the government began major construction projects — the extension of the underground, the improvement of the airport and the building of new motorways. Each host city must also build an Olympic village for the athletes. By planting trees and creating parks, the city becomes more attractive for tourists.Why do countries want to host the Olympic Games?Hosting the games has a major effect on the economy and brings international prestige to the country. Thousands and thousands of visitors come to the games and the host cities are permanently improved.1. Bidding for the Olympic Games usually starts ____________ before the games are really held.A. two yearsB. eight yearsC. ten years2. Beijing was one of the _______ bidders for the 2008games.A. fourB. fiveC. ten3. The World Cup 2002 was held in _____________.A. JapanB. South KoreaC. A and B4. What construction projects did Beijing start after winning the bid?A. The extension of the underground.B. The improvement of the airport.C. A and B5. Why do countries want to host the Olympic Games?A. Because it has a major effect on the economy.B. Because it brings international prestige to the country.C. A and B.答案：1. C 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. C。