语法知识—定语从句的真题汇编及解析
一、选择题
1．My favorite city is Guilin ________ is famous for it's beautiful scenery (风景).
A．where B．what C．which D．who
2．—Do you know the man is talking with our teacher?
—Oh, he is Tony’s father.
A．which B．who C．whose D．what 3．Stephen Curry is a great basketball player ____is popular in the United States and even in China.
A．which B．who C．what
4．—Qingdao is the most beautiful city ________ I’ve ever been to.
—So it is. Many international meetings are held there every year.
A．that B．which C．who D．where
5．Lily doesn’t know what she and her friends can do to help the little boy _______parents have left their hometown for making money.
A．that B．who C．whom D．whose
6．After retiring, my teacher Mr. Dai moved to the village he was born sixty years ago. A．when B．which C．where D．what
7．This is the best movie_________ I have ever seen.
A．that B．it C．which D．what
8．Yuan Longping is a Chinese scientist __________ is leading a research to develop sea rice. A．whose B．which C．who
9．— Have you heard of the famous Huawei company?
—Sure. It’s one of the greatest companies ________ make us Chinese proud.
A．which B．that C．what D．who
10．A detective is someone ____________looks for clues to something important.
A．whom B．who C．what D．which
11．Liu Xiang is the first player in Asia _________ won the gold prize in the 110-hurdle race in the 28th Olympic Games.
A．which B．who C．whom D．that
12．Do you know the girl_______ is drawing a picture?
A．when B．whose C．which D．who 13．—Have you heard of Junko Tabei?
—Yes, she was the first woman ________ succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma. A．who B．whom C．which D．that
14．I want to search for some information about Confucius________I can use for the report. A．who B．what C．which D．whom
15．The four tools _________ people use for Chinese handwriting are called“Four Treasures of Study”.
A．that B．who C．what D．whom 16．“Underground” is the only word in the English language _____ begins and ends with the letters “und”.
A．what B．that C．who D．whom
17．Paul likes musicians _________ play different kinds of music.
A．who B．whose C．why D．where
18．一What kind of musician does Carmen like?
一She likes musicians __________play different kinds of music.
A．which B．who C．whom
19．I’m a singer is a program is enjoyed by people of different ages.
A．who B．what C．that
20．Tu Youyou is the woman ______ used the plant’s special power to save millions of lives. A．who B．whose C．which D．whom
21．﹣ Do you like the weekly talk show，The Readers，on CCTV？
﹣ Sure．It' s a great TV program purpose is to bring the habit of reading back into the public．A．which B．that C．what D．whose
22．— We should do something to help the students ________ are unable to go to school.—Let’s turn to Miss Green. She can always ________ any problem we face.
A．who; put out B．/; work out C．who; work out D．that; put out 23．The film brought the hours back to me ________ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.
A．which B．who C．when D．where
24．She is one of the few girls who ________ passed the examination.
A．was B．were C．has D．have
25．— Have you found your student card you lost last week?
— Yes. Ms. Smith saw it in the classroom corner.
A．who B．which C．whose:
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
一、选择题
1．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：我最喜欢的城市是因为美丽风景而出名的桂林。
本题考查定语从句。where是关系副词，在定语从句中，作状语；what引导名词性从句；
which是关系代词，在定语从句中，作主语，宾语或表语；who是关系代词，在定语从句中作主语，宾语或表语。此处修饰名词Guilin的定语从句，表示事物，作主语，用which 引导。故选C。
【点睛】
who引导定语从句时，先行词是人，在从句中，作主语，宾语或表语；whom引导定语从句时，先行词是人，在从句中作宾语或表语；which引导定语从句时，先行词是事物，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语；that引导定语从句时，先行词是人或事物，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语；where引导定语从句时，先行词是表示地点的名词或代词，在从句中地点状语。when引导定语从句时，先行词是表示时间的名词或代词，在从句中时间状语。why引导定语从句时，先行词是表示原因的名词，在从句中状语。
2．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你认识和我们老师说话的那个人吗？——哦，他是托尼的父亲。
which哪个；who谁；whose谁的；what什么。根据 is talking with our teacher作the man 的定语，先行词man是人物，连接词在从句中作主语，所以用连接词who或者that，结合选项，故选B。
【点睛】
定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分，被修饰的名词叫先行词，连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分：1关系代词：who , whom , whose , which , that 。2 关系副词：where,when why 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词，which 用来指代物的先行词，that既可指人又可指物．关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语。作宾语时可以省略，作主语时不可以省略。
3．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：Stephen Curry是一位伟大的篮球运动员，他在美国甚至在中国都很受欢迎。
本题考查定语从句的关系词。A. which作为关系词无实义；B. who作为关系词代指人；C. what不能引导定语从句。根据句意和结构可知，定语从句的先行词是player运动员即Stephen Curry，所以此处应填代指人的关系词who。故选B。
4．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——青岛是我去过的最美丽的城市。——确实是。每年在那里举行许多国际会议。I’ve ever been to作定语从句修饰先行词city，所以连接词可以用that或者which，但是city 前面有最高级修饰，所以只能用that，故选A。
【点睛】
定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分，被修饰的名词叫先行词，连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分：1关系代词：who , whom , whose , which , that 。2 关系副词：where, when，why 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词，which 用来指代物的先行词，that既可指人又可指物。关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语。作宾语时可以省略，作主语时不可以省略。但在下列情况下一般只用that而不用which ：先行词本身是all , everything , something , nothing , anything等不定代词时，先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或the last, the only等作定语时，先行词既有人又有物时。
5．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
试题分析：句意：莉莉不知道她和她的朋友能做什么以帮助那个父母都已经离开城镇的小男孩。根据先行词是人，引导词在从句中做名词的定语，所以用whose引导，故选D。6．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：退休后，我的老师戴先生搬到了他60年前出生的那个村子。
考查定语从句的关系词。when什么时候，何时；which哪一个，哪一些；where在哪里；what什么。根据句意可知，空前先行词the village在从句中作地点状语，要用关系副词where，故选C。
7．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：这是我看过的最好的电影。
本题考查定语从句。依据先行词是“movie”，可知当先行词是物时关系词用that或which；又因为先行词前有形容词最高级the best修饰，所以只能用that，故选A。
【点睛】
定语从句中关系词只能用that ,不用which的情况：(1)先行词是形容词最高级或者它的前面有形容词最高级时，本题就是这种情况。 (2) 先行词是序数词,或它的前面有一个序数词时，如He is the last person that I want to see。(3) 主句中已有疑问词时，如Which is the bike that you lost?(4)先行词既有人又有物时，如The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station。(5)先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等代词时，如You should hand in all that you have。
8．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：袁隆平是一位中国科学家，他正在领导一项开发海水稻的研究。
本题考查定语从句。whose引导定语从句，作定语；which引导定语从句，修饰事物，作主语，宾语或表语；who引导定语从句，修饰人，作主语，宾语或表语；此处先行词scientist是人，后面定语从句缺少主语，因此用who引导定语从句。故选C。
9．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你听说过著名的华为公司吗？——当然，这是让我们中国人感到骄傲的最伟大的公司之一。
考查定语从句关系词。which定语从句关系词，先行词是物；that定语从句关系词，先行词是人或物；what不能引导定语从句；who定语从句关系词，先行词是人。先行词companies是物，且被形容词最高级the greatest修饰，故只能用that引导。根据题意，故选B。
10．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：侦探是指寻找重要事物线索的人。
考查定语从句引导词。whom指人，在从句中做宾语； who指人，在从句中做主语或宾语；what引导名词性从句；which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，本句先行词是someone某个人，且在从句中做looks for的主语，故选B。
【点睛】
what可引导名词性从句，意为“所…的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词+that”。如：What (=The thing that) he said was true. 他所讲的是事实。而本题已有先行词someone，所以需要定语从句的引导词。
11．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：刘翔是亚洲第一位在第28届奥运会110栏比赛中获得金奖的运动员。
考查定语从句关系词。Which定语从句关系词，先行词指物；who定语从句关系词，先行词是人；whom定语从句关系词，先行词是人，在定语从句中做宾语；D. that定语从句关系词，先行词指人或物；先行词是the first player是人，先行词前有序数词，关系词指用that。根据题意，故选D。
【点睛】
在定语从句中，先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时一定要用that。如：Tom is the tallest boy that I have seen before.
解析：D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：你知道正在画画的女孩吗？当先行词是人时，用关系词that/who.结合句意，故选D
考点：考查定语从句的用法。
13．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你听说过Junko Tabei吗？——是的，她是第一个成功登上珠穆朗玛峰的女人。考查定语从句。who用来指人；whom用来指人，宾格；which用来指物；that既可以指人，也可以指物。根据题干可知，本句为定语从句，先行词woman是人，在句中作主语，而且前面有the first限制，所以只能选择that，故答案选D。
14．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：我想找一些关于孔子的信息，可以用来做报告。
考查定语从句。who关系代词，指人；what不作定语从句引导词；which关系代词，指物；whom关系代词，指人。根据some information about Confucius“一些关于孔子的信息”可知， information是定语从句中的先行词，先行词是物，在句子中作I can use的宾语，结合选项，所以用关系代词which来引导。故选C。
【点睛】
在做定语从句试题时，如果考查关系代词，空格前不一定就是先行词，有可能是修饰先行词的词。本题就是考查关系代词。如果只看空格前的Confucius，因为Confucius指的是人，应该用who，但是句子中的Confucius不是先行词。句子中的about Confucius是来修饰information的。故中心词是information。因为information是物，所以确定答案为C。15．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：这四种人们用来写书法的工具被称为“文房四宝”。
考查定语从句的引导词。A. that既可指人也可指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。B. who指人，在从句中作主语。 C. what引导名词性从句。D. whom指人，在从句中作宾语，常可省略。题干为定语从句，故可排除C。先行词the four tools，指物，所以此处应用that引导从句。故选A。
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
试题分析：句意：在英语中“underground”是唯一一个开头和结尾都用字母组合“und”的单词。此处先行词word有不定代词the only来修饰，故用关系代词that来引导。故选B。17．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：Paul保罗喜欢演奏不同音乐家的音乐。
考查定语从句先行词。who是定语从句的关系词，先行词指人；whose是定语从句的关系词，在定语从句中做定语；why是定语从句的关系副词，表示原因；where是定语从句的关系副词，表示地点。musicians是先行词指人，关系词用who引导，在定语从句中做主语，根据题意，故选A。
18．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——卡门喜欢什么样的音乐家？——她喜欢演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。
考查定语从句。which哪一个；who谁；whom谁。句中musicians是名词，表示“人”，所以此处使用who或者whom引导定语从句，但是在从句中play是谓语，different kinds of music是宾语，从句中缺主语，而whom是who的宾格形式，所以此处使用who引导定语从句。故选B。
【点睛】
本题考查的是定语从句，如果先行词是人，引导词使用that，who或者whom，但是要特别注意who和whom的区别，whom是who的宾格形式。例如：The girl who plays the piano very well is his daughter.（the girl是人，而且是句中的主语，所以用who引导定语从句）Where is the student whom Professor Su praised at the meeting?（句中从句部分主语是Professor Su，谓语是praised，从句部分缺宾语，所以此处使用whom）本题中考查的就是who与whom的区别，要注意区分。
19．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：《我是歌手》是一个不同年龄段的人都喜欢的节目。
考查定语从句。who先行词为人；what什么，不能引导定语从句；that先行词为人或物。根据题意可知，本句的先行词是“program”节目，在从句中作主语，因此选择引导词that。
故选C。
20．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：屠呦呦就是那个用植物的特殊力量拯救数百万人生命的女人。
考查定语从句的关系代词辨析。who 先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whose
谁的，表示所属关系；which先行词是物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whom先行词是人，在定语从句中作宾语，根据所给空前面的the woman可知，先行词是人，由所给空后面的句子used the plant’s special power to save millions of lives可知，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who，故选A。
21．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：﹣﹣你喜欢CCTV的每周脱口秀节目朗读者吗？﹣﹣当然．这是一个很棒的电视节目，其目的是把阅读习惯带回公众．先行词a great TV program，关系词在定语从句中做purpose的定语，故用关系代词whose．故选D．
22．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——我们应该做一些事去帮助那些不能去上学的学生。——让我们求助于Green小姐，她总能解决我们面临的问题。
考查定语从句关系代词和动词短语。根据句意，可知此空填定语从句的关系代词，指代先行词students且作定语从句的主语，students是人，可用who或者that指代且不能省略。put out 熄灭；work out 解决。根据句意，work out符合题意。故选C。
【点睛】
关系代词 which，that，who引导定语从句在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语。作宾语的时候，关系代词可以省略。that既可以指人也可以指物；who只能指人；which只能指物。23．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：这部电影把我带回到在那个遥远的小村庄得到很好照顾的时光。
考查定语从句。空格后面的从句是修饰和限制the hours的定语从句。将先行词the hours，此空应该作从句的时间状语，定语从句中关系副词when指代时间，在从句中充当时间状
语，选项A符合题意。选项A.which和选项B是关系代词，不能作状语，故排除，而D选项where是关系副词，在从句中应该充当地点状语，所以排除。故选C。
24．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：她是少数几个通过考试的女孩之一。
考查主谓一致。根据句意可知，这是一个含有定语从句的句子并且时态是现在完成时。关系代词who指代的是前面的few girls，是复数，故助动词用have。故选D。
25．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你找到上周丢的学生证了吗？——是的。史密斯女士在教室的角落里看到了它。
考查定语从句中的引导词辨析。A.who谁，定语从句的引导词，指人，在定语从句中做主语； B.which哪一个，定语从句的引导词，指物，在定语从句中做主语和宾语； C.whose 谁的，定语从句的引导词，指人，在定语从句中做定语。根据先行词 student card 是物，应用which故选B。
定语从句专项知识点总结汇总
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Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换). 例如： Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：
英语定语从句简单总结
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She is the girl who I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) That is the man who teaches us English.(从句缺主语) (2)which:指代先行词是物（做从句的主语或宾语） That is the book which I want.(从句缺宾语) There is a bird which stands in the building.(从句缺主语) (3)that: 指代先行词是人或物（做从句的主语或宾语） She is the girl who/that I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) There is a bird which/that stands in the building.(从句缺主语) (4)whom;指代先行词是人，但只用于从句是缺宾语的情况。 She is the girl who/whom I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) That is the man whom teaches us English.(从句缺主语,本句用whom是错误的) (5)whose:指代从句中缺定语的情况（表示所属关系） That is the building whose windows broke last night.(本句中的windows是属于 the building构成一种所属关系即缺少building’s) 2.关系副词：when;where;why(该三个词主要用于从句是不缺主语或是宾语的情况 即从句是个完整句) (1) when:指代先行词表时间如：time；month;year;occasion等(形式上等于介词 +which) I still remember the day when /on which I came to Beijing.(该从句是一个完整的句子，先行词是the day在从句中需要加个介词on来做状语的成分即I came to Beijing on the day) (2)where :指代先行词是地点的词如：place;house;school;也可以是模糊的词如：point;stage;work;situation等(形式上等于介词+which) That is the place where/in which I was born .(该从句I was born也是一个完整句，即不缺主语或宾语的，此时where可以换成in which) (3)why:指代先行词是表原因的词即：reason（形式上只能是等于for+which) That is the reason why/for which he was late for school.
最新历年全国高考英语定语从句试题汇总及答案
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高中英语语法定语从句总结全
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定语从句用法归纳完整版
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定语从句用法归纳 篇一：定语从句的用法一、定语从句的有关概念所谓定语从句，就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。学习定语从句，首先要弄清两个重要概念——先行词和关系词。先行词是我们汉语中从来没有听过的一个新概念，它其实指的就是被定语从句所修饰的词。由于定语从句修饰名词或代词时，定语从句通常是后置的，所以人们就将放在定语从句前被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 那什么是关系词呢其实它就是用于引导定语从句的引导词。事实上，英语中的各类从句，不管性质如何，它们都需要有一个词来“引导”，正如人们给引导状语从句的词语取了个名字叫从属连词一样，人们也给引导定语从句的词语取了个名字，叫它关系词，因为它通常被放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用，以表明两者之间的修饰关系，同时它还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。二、定语从句中关系词与所修饰先行词的关系 为了更好地理解定语从句，我们还有必要研究一下关系词与先行词之间的关系。但在研究这种关系之前，我们先来看看关系词有哪些。根据关系词在定语从句中的作用，我们可以将关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。所谓关系代词就是指起代词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、宾语等，英语中比较常用的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等。类似地，关系副词就是指起副词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在定语从句中充当状语等，英语中比较常用的关系副词只有三个，即when, where和why。许多初学定语从句的人弄不清关系词与先行词之间到底是什么关系。其实啊，关系词与先行词之间的关系很简单，简单得可以划一个等号。因为，关系词的含义在本质上等价于先行词，它与先行词指的就是同一个人或同一个事物。为便于理解，下面我们来看几个例子吧。I know the man who lives next door. 我认识住在隔壁的那个人。这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。句中的the man为先行词，who lives next door为修饰the man的定语从句；在定语从句中，who是关系词，它在定语从句中用作主语，从意义上说，它在