人教版新目标初中八年级下册现在完成时态ppt课件
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八年级英语下册 现在完成时课件 人教新目标版.ppt
重点句型: It is/ has been+段时间+since从句 段时间+has passed+ since从句
eg. 他死了两年了：
He died two years ago.
He has been dead for two years /since two years ago
It is/ has been two years since he died.
A month has passed since I borrowed the book.
Have/has gone to have/has been to have/has been in
❖ have/has gone to:已经去了或在途中，还没 有返回；
❖ have/has been to:曾今去过某地，现在已经 回来了,后面可接表示“次数”的状语;
1.Jack has gone to the cinema. Jack hasn’t gone to the cinema.
Has Jack gone to the cinema? Yes, he has. / No, he hasn’t. 2.They have finished their homework. They haven’t finished their homework.
before, by now (so far), 到目前为止 once, twice…, just, recently yet(否/疑), already(肯), ever, never, 曾经，从不
Exercises:
一、按要求变化下列各句。
1.She has listened to a piece of foreign music.（否定句）
初中英语人教新目标八年级下册Grammar《现在完成时态》课件
• 9.I have gone to Chunhua Middle School twice
did
open
been to
• Have you gone to America? (误) • Have you been to America? (正) • 1. _____ you _______ to Japan before? • 2. His father isn't at home. He _______ the supermarket now. • 3. Where is your class teacher? She _______ the library. • 4. Linda and her parents _______ to France twice.
I lived there 2 years ago
past
present
I have lived here for two years
• 1.都表示过去发生的事
• 2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体 的时间状语连用；
• 3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去 的具体时间连用（last, ago, yesterday, etc. ）
I have bought a new apartment for a month 错误 I have had a new apartment for a month 正确
常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变
• arrive/come/go to/reach
be in
• borrow
keep
• leave
• 6. Many tall buildings __h__a__s______(builsd)einethne past 5 years.
did
open
been to
• Have you gone to America? (误) • Have you been to America? (正) • 1. _____ you _______ to Japan before? • 2. His father isn't at home. He _______ the supermarket now. • 3. Where is your class teacher? She _______ the library. • 4. Linda and her parents _______ to France twice.
I lived there 2 years ago
past
present
I have lived here for two years
• 1.都表示过去发生的事
• 2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体 的时间状语连用；
• 3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去 的具体时间连用（last, ago, yesterday, etc. ）
I have bought a new apartment for a month 错误 I have had a new apartment for a month 正确
常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变
• arrive/come/go to/reach
be in
• borrow
keep
• leave
• 6. Many tall buildings __h__a__s______(builsd)einethne past 5 years.
英语人教版八年级下册现在完成时和一般过去时的区别ppt课件
When did she start dancing ?
She started dancing in 2004. When did she stop dancing ？ She stopped dancing in 2010 . How long did she dance ?
She danced for 6 years .
2004~now
How long has Zhang Peng been learning playing the violin ? He has been learning the violin for 9 years.
since 2004.
Celia
started stopped 2 hours
A. Alison has been skating for 5 hours. B. Alison skated for 5 hours .
7.张茜学过两年画。A
A. Zhang Qian learned drawing for 2 years. B. Zhang Qian has been drawing for 2 years.
Victor
played the piano
12:00-14:00
Alison
Sam
took a shower 7:00pm— 7:30pm
played soccer 4:00pm —5:00pm
How long has he/she been …ing ? He/She has been …ing for...
games since eight o’clock.
3. He has been living here _s_in_c_e_ 2001.(since ,for) 4. She has been doing her homework _fo_r___ two
She started dancing in 2004. When did she stop dancing ？ She stopped dancing in 2010 . How long did she dance ?
She danced for 6 years .
2004~now
How long has Zhang Peng been learning playing the violin ? He has been learning the violin for 9 years.
since 2004.
Celia
started stopped 2 hours
A. Alison has been skating for 5 hours. B. Alison skated for 5 hours .
7.张茜学过两年画。A
A. Zhang Qian learned drawing for 2 years. B. Zhang Qian has been drawing for 2 years.
Victor
played the piano
12:00-14:00
Alison
Sam
took a shower 7:00pm— 7:30pm
played soccer 4:00pm —5:00pm
How long has he/she been …ing ? He/She has been …ing for...
games since eight o’clock.
3. He has been living here _s_in_c_e_ 2001.(since ,for) 4. She has been doing her homework _fo_r___ two
人教版八年级下Unit9-10现在完成时态总复习(共17张PPT)
练一练。 1. I lost/have lost my wallet a week ago. 2. My sister finished/has finished her homework since an hour ago. 3. Miss Wu taught/has taught English last year. 4. We knew/have known each other for many years. 5. I'm sorry, I just h_a_v_e_b_r_o_ke_n(break) your favorite cup, could I buy a new one for you? 6. He __tu_r_n_e_d_____(turn) off the light just now. 7. Who _h_a_s_e_a_t_en____(eat) my dinner, I am still hungry! 8. The window _ha_s__b_ee_n__b_ro_k(ebnreak) for a week, could you help me to fix it up?
1.-----Would you like to see the film Confucius with me this evening? ------I’d love to, but I _______ it already.
A.had seen B.have seen C.watch D.am watching 2. -----Excuse me, where is Mr. Brown’s office ?
时间 决定 （谓语动词）形态 反映
二. 完成时态 have/has+done
人教版新目标初中八年级下册现在完成时态
05
现在完成时态常见错误及纠正方 法
主谓不一致错误
错误示例
They have done their homeworks.
纠正方法
将have改为have done，homeworks改为homework。正确的句子应该是：They have done their homework.
时态混淆错误
错误示例
so far
表示到目前为止，如 "So far, we have learned about 500 words."（到目前为止，我们 已经学了大约500个单词。）
时间状语在句子中位置
一般位于句首或句尾，用逗号与句子其他部分隔开，如 "For the past week, I have been busy with my homework."（过去的一周里，我一直忙于作业。）
用于肯定句中，表示“刚 刚”。例如：I have just finished my homework.
用于疑问句和否定句中， 表示“曾经”。例如： Have you ever been to Beijing? / I have never been to Beijing.
用于表示动作持续的时间 或起始时间。例如：I have lived here for ten years. / I have lived here since 2010.
I have went to the park yesterday.
纠正方法
将have went改为went。正确的句子 应该是：I went to the park yesterday.
漏用或误用助动词have/has
错误示例
He eaten an apple.
现在完成时 课件(张PPT)八年级英语(下)人教版
2 Where is Mr. Wang? has gone to
He __________________ the library.He wants to borrow some books.
Has been in 表示已经待在某地多长时间，常与时间段连用。
Eg: Tom has been in Australia for 12 years.
No , never.
在用法2中，常与for或since 引导的时间状语连用。 For+一段时间
Eg : I have lived here for 5 years.
时间点（一段时间）
Since + 词组
从句（一般过去时）
eg: I have been here since 2010. I have been here since 8 years ago.
ever 与 never 1. ever 用在肯定句或疑问句中，翻译为“曾经”
Eg. I have ever been to Hangzhou. Have you ever been to Hangzhou?
2.Never 用在否定句中，翻译为“从来没有”。 Eg : I have never been to Hangzhou.
注意:① 带ever 的肯定句变否定句时， 要将ever变成never. ②带ever的一般疑问句做否定回答时，用no, never.
Eg: He has ever been to Beijing .（否定句） He has never been to Beijing.
Have you ever been to Beijing?（作否定回答）
Eg. I have already had breakfast. =I have had breakfast already.
He __________________ the library.He wants to borrow some books.
Has been in 表示已经待在某地多长时间，常与时间段连用。
Eg: Tom has been in Australia for 12 years.
No , never.
在用法2中，常与for或since 引导的时间状语连用。 For+一段时间
Eg : I have lived here for 5 years.
时间点（一段时间）
Since + 词组
从句（一般过去时）
eg: I have been here since 2010. I have been here since 8 years ago.
ever 与 never 1. ever 用在肯定句或疑问句中，翻译为“曾经”
Eg. I have ever been to Hangzhou. Have you ever been to Hangzhou?
2.Never 用在否定句中，翻译为“从来没有”。 Eg : I have never been to Hangzhou.
注意:① 带ever 的肯定句变否定句时， 要将ever变成never. ②带ever的一般疑问句做否定回答时，用no, never.
Eg: He has ever been to Beijing .（否定句） He has never been to Beijing.
Have you ever been to Beijing?（作否定回答）
Eg. I have already had breakfast. =I have had breakfast already.
人教八下Unit8_语法专项课件(现在完成时1)(共20张PPT)
现在完成时三大用法
用法2
2) 表示过去发生的动作,强调结果或对现在 的影响。
Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的)
I have just cleaned my hands.
(手是干净的)
现在完成时三大用法
用法3
3) 表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或 状态。
初中英语人教版八年级下册
Unit8
语法专项课件 （现在完成时1）
现在完成时结构
肯定句：主语 + have/ has + 过去分词+... I have finished my homework.
结构
否定句:主语+haven’t ( have not) +过去分词… 主语+hasn’t ( has not ) +过去分词...
不规则变化
B.过去分词与过去式形式不一样
take—took—taken
speak —spoke—spoken
sing—sang—sung
drive—drove—driven
be—was/were—been
go—went—gone
过去式、过去分词
不规则变化
C.过去分词、过去式与动词原形一样
cut—cut—cut
put —put—put
let—let—let read—read—arning
started learning English 3 years 2012
have learned English
2015
I started learning English in 2012. （一般过去时）
She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since he was born .
人教新目标八年级下册现在完成时 复习课件(共35张ppt)
(2)现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用 （含从句，从句过去时）。
(3)现在完成时还与（一次）once ,（两次）twice ， （三次) three times 等表示重复次数的词语连用。
(4)现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表 示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一 时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。
例如： they
B_Ｂ_o_th_whhiast'spahraepnptsenleodokto
sad . him .
Maybe
Ａ. knew
Ｂ. have known
Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know
简析：现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对
现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，
一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。
（ Ｃ）例2.—Our country has changed a lot ______.
—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
Ａ.so far; well
Ｂ. before ; good
Ｃ. so far; better
Ｄ. before ; better
（Ｃ）例3. Zhao Lan has already studied in this school_______.
是现在完成时的标志词。
2021/6/20
6
2021/6/20
7
一、现在完成时的结构：
（助动词）have/has+动词的过去分词
(3)现在完成时还与（一次）once ,（两次）twice ， （三次) three times 等表示重复次数的词语连用。
(4)现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表 示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一 时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。
例如： they
B_Ｂ_o_th_whhiast'spahraepnptsenleodokto
sad . him .
Maybe
Ａ. knew
Ｂ. have known
Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know
简析：现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对
现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，
一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。
（ Ｃ）例2.—Our country has changed a lot ______.
—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
Ａ.so far; well
Ｂ. before ; good
Ｃ. so far; better
Ｄ. before ; better
（Ｃ）例3. Zhao Lan has already studied in this school_______.
是现在完成时的标志词。
2021/6/20
6
2021/6/20
7
一、现在完成时的结构：
（助动词）have/has+动词的过去分词
英语人教版八年级下册现在完成时精品课件
Present Perfect Tense
Present perfect tense 现在完成时
have/has + 过去分词
表示过去发生的某一动作 对现在造成的影响或产生 的结果.现在完成时这一时 态强调是过去动作与现在 的联系,也就是强调现在的 影响和结果.
I lived there 2 years ago
自从某事发生已有一段时间了. It is /has been two
years since my brother joined the army.
for和since的运用 for “经历(时间段)” since “自从… 以来”
for＋时间段
since＋时间段 ＋ago
since＋时间点
since＋从句
④ close → be closed open → be open The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _____ ____ for ________. 2) The door opened at six in the morning. The door _____ ____ ____ for
be a borrow
keep
❖ Leave/ move
be away / be out
❖ buy
have open
be open
❖ join
be in/a member of
❖ start/begin be on finish/ end
be over
❖ catch a cold
have a cold get up be up
__________.
③ become → be I became a teacher in 2000. I __________ a teacher for___________. 2) The river became dirty last year. The river ____ ___ dirty for ____ _____.
Present perfect tense 现在完成时
have/has + 过去分词
表示过去发生的某一动作 对现在造成的影响或产生 的结果.现在完成时这一时 态强调是过去动作与现在 的联系,也就是强调现在的 影响和结果.
I lived there 2 years ago
自从某事发生已有一段时间了. It is /has been two
years since my brother joined the army.
for和since的运用 for “经历(时间段)” since “自从… 以来”
for＋时间段
since＋时间段 ＋ago
since＋时间点
since＋从句
④ close → be closed open → be open The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _____ ____ for ________. 2) The door opened at six in the morning. The door _____ ____ ____ for
be a borrow
keep
❖ Leave/ move
be away / be out
❖ buy
have open
be open
❖ join
be in/a member of
❖ start/begin be on finish/ end
be over
❖ catch a cold
have a cold get up be up
__________.
③ become → be I became a teacher in 2000. I __________ a teacher for___________. 2) The river became dirty last year. The river ____ ___ dirty for ____ _____.
人教版 八下 Unit9 现在完成时态 课件(共24张PPT)
第四单元又到两会时第十课聚焦两会1、我国的国家性质（国体）：中华人民共和国是以工人阶级为领导的，以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的社会主义国家。
2、我国的根本政治制度（政体）：_____________是我国的根本政治制度。
（人民代表大会制度是实现人民当家作主的根本政治制度，是实现全体人民当家作主、管理国家的的根本途径和有效形式。
）3、正确区分下列概念：（难点，最易出错）⑴、我国的根本政治制度：人民代表大会制度⑵、我国的最高国家权力机关：_____________地方各级国家权力机关：地方各级人民代表大会人民代表大会的组成人员：_____________⑶、我国人民行使当家作主权力的机关：各级人民代表大会（包括全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会）⑷、我国的根本制度：社会主义制度⑸、我国的基本政治制度：民族区域自治制度、中共领导的多党合作和政治协商制度。
⑹、我国的基本经济制度：公有制为主体，多种所有制经济共同发展⑺、我国的基本分配制度：以按劳分配为主体，多种分配方式并存的分配制度⑻、我国的分配原则：确立劳动、资本、技术、管理等生产要素按贡献参与分配的原则。
4、“两会”指：_____________和__________________。
5、我国人民是怎样行使当家作主权力的？（人民代表大会的产生和职权，人民代表大会如何确保人民当家作主权利的实现?）在我国，人民通过民主选举选出自己的代表，组成_____________，集中行使国家权力，再由人民代表大会产生_____、_____、_____等机关，分别行使_____、维护_____的各项权力。
行政、审判和检察等机关都对_________负责，受__________监督。
因此，我国人民代表大会制度的运作过程，就是人民当家作主行使国家权力的过程。
5、全国人民代表大会的地位、任期、制度和主要职权是什么？地位：全国人民代表大会是我国最高__________。
人教版 八下 Unit9 现在完成时态 课件(共17张PPT)
interest and one special dish or food in that place. 3. Each group should write a conversation between two
teenagers using the key sentences, the places of interest and the food. 4. Students in each group should practice your conversation in pairs and then choose two students to act it out.
qHuaevsteioynoaundevwerribterooknenthyeobulraclekgbooarradr.m? Have you ever met a famous person? Have you ever told a lie? Have you ever found money on the street? …
Yes, I have. I went there last year. / No, I haven’t.
I’ve been to the art museum many Me, too. And I’ve also visited the
times.
nature museum.
I’ve never been to a water park. Me neither.
Are you a foodie?
Have you ever eaten …?
Have you ever eaten…? I’ve eaten …many times. I’ve never eaten ...
teenagers using the key sentences, the places of interest and the food. 4. Students in each group should practice your conversation in pairs and then choose two students to act it out.
qHuaevsteioynoaundevwerribterooknenthyeobulraclekgbooarradr.m? Have you ever met a famous person? Have you ever told a lie? Have you ever found money on the street? …
Yes, I have. I went there last year. / No, I haven’t.
I’ve been to the art museum many Me, too. And I’ve also visited the
times.
nature museum.
I’ve never been to a water park. Me neither.
Are you a foodie?
Have you ever eaten …?
Have you ever eaten…? I’ve eaten …many times. I’ve never eaten ...
人教英语八年级下册Unit10现在完成时 (共31张PPT)
示一段时间的时间状语连用，但在否定句中 是可以的。eg： Mike has come to London for three weeks. (×)
They haven’t seen each other for ages. (√)
四、短暂性(短语)动词与延续性(短语)动词 和与表示状态的短语之间的转化
2. 在现在完成时中，含有for和since的句子可以 相互转换。eg：
They have lived here for five years.
=They have lived here since five years ago. 3. 在现在完成时中，表示短暂意义的动词(eg. come和see)在肯定句和一般疑问句中不能和表
borrow/lend — keep
4.我能借用一下你的面包机吗？ Could I borrowyour bread maker , please? 5.他昨天把他的玩具借给了一个小朋友玩。 He lent his toy to a little boy to play yesterday. 6.这本字典你借多久了？ How long have you keepthis book?
9.-他还在眉山吗？ -不，他已经搬到北京去了。他搬去那儿已经有半年了。 -Is he still in Meishan? -No. He has already moved to Beijing. He has been there for half a year/ since half a year ago.
7. —Amy, can we give away these soft
toys? We ________ them for many
years.
They haven’t seen each other for ages. (√)
四、短暂性(短语)动词与延续性(短语)动词 和与表示状态的短语之间的转化
2. 在现在完成时中，含有for和since的句子可以 相互转换。eg：
They have lived here for five years.
=They have lived here since five years ago. 3. 在现在完成时中，表示短暂意义的动词(eg. come和see)在肯定句和一般疑问句中不能和表
borrow/lend — keep
4.我能借用一下你的面包机吗？ Could I borrowyour bread maker , please? 5.他昨天把他的玩具借给了一个小朋友玩。 He lent his toy to a little boy to play yesterday. 6.这本字典你借多久了？ How long have you keepthis book?
9.-他还在眉山吗？ -不，他已经搬到北京去了。他搬去那儿已经有半年了。 -Is he still in Meishan? -No. He has already moved to Beijing. He has been there for half a year/ since half a year ago.
7. —Amy, can we give away these soft
toys? We ________ them for many
years.
新人教版英语八年级下册Unit8-语法专项课件(现在完成时1)
考点大观 易错辨析 通关训练
【典例2】—Is Richard still living here?
—No, he ______ to Paris already.
A. had moved
B. moved
C. will move
D. has moved
解析
考查时态。No说明Richard不在此处，且already为完成时 标志词，选用现在(xiànzài)完成时结构have/has done。
1unit8语法专项课件语法专项课件现在完成时现在完成时1初中英语人教版八年级下册初中英语人教版八年级下册语法透析语法透析考点大观考点大观易错辨析易错辨析通关训练通关训练考点大观考点大观易错辨析易错辨析通关训练通关训练现在完成时结构肯定句
新人教版英语八年级下册 Unit8-语法专项课件(现在
(xiànzài)完成时1)
I am learning English these days.
时〔〕现在(xiànzài)进行
I have learned English for 3 years. 时〔〕现在(xiànzài)完
成时〕
11
第十一页，共22页。
考点大观 易错辨析 通关训练
易错点 现在完成(wán chéng)时/一般过去 时用法不同
A. will work
B. works
C. has worked
D. is working
解析
考查时态。already为现在(xiànzài)完成时标志词,且 for + 时间 段说明对现在(xiànzài)的“影响〞，应选用现在(xiànzài)完成时 结构have/has done。
19
第十九页，共22页。
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常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用.
for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 句子，since+ 时间段+ ago
have been 与have gone 的用法比较
have been to “到过，去过”，表示曾经 到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to “去了”，表示已经去了某 地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in “呆在某处一段时间了”
1. 他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 His grandpa has been dead for 2 years.
2. Nick 参军3年了. Nick has been in the army for 3 years.
3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 He has been away from Shenzhen for a long time. 4. 这本书我已借了4个月了.
用法②
现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born . Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock?
注意: 瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.
method 1:
动作 die
borrow/buy leave arrive begin end/finish join marry
状态 be dead
keep/had be away
be here be on(上演） be over be in be married
她已经去南京了。
实义动词分为: 瞬间动词 、延续动词
瞬间动词
注意: 瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.
在现在完成时的肯定句中，瞬间动词不能与表示短时间 的句子连用，否定句中可以。瞬间动词若要连用可替 换成别的表达方式:
1. 瞬间Leabharlann 词可用于“段时间 + ago ” 的一般过去时句型 2. 瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语.与段
Has she ever been to Nanjing? 她曾去过南京吗？ You have never been there, have you? 你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？ I have been to Guiling , I went there last year. 我去过桂林，我去年去的。 She has gone to Nanjing.
2. Nick 参军3年了. Nick has joined the army for 3 years. X 3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 He has left Shenzhen for along time. X 4. 这本书我已借了4个月了. I have borrowed the book for 4 months. X
此时，现在完成时常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用，通常放在助动词之后， 过去分词之前。
already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 用于否定句，翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经
试一试
1. 你已经找到你的书了吗? (find-found) Have you found your book yet?
现在完成时的含义及用法
1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并 对现在有影响。
2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到 现在的动作或状态。
现在完成时的基本句型：
肯定式： 主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.
否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分
词. 疑问式：
2. 他们在这个城市建了许多房子. (build-built) They have built many buildings in this city.
3. Judy还没到达. (arrive-arrived) Judy hasn’t arrived yet.
4. 你吃过早饭了吗? (have-had) Have you had breakfast ?
时间连用 3. 瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时
的句型中。表示“自从...以来有...时间” 的意思.主句一 般用it is来代替It has been; 4. 瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去 时的句型中
1. 他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 His grandpa has died for 2 yearsX.
助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词?
用法①
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的)
I have had/kept the book for 4 months.
method 2: It is + 时间段 since +一般过去时的句子.
1. 他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 It is 2 years since his grandpa died. 2. Nick 参军3年了. It is 3 years since Nick joined the army. 3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 It is a long time since he left Shenzhen. 4. 这本书我已借了4个月了. It is 4 months since I borrowed the book .
for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 句子，since+ 时间段+ ago
have been 与have gone 的用法比较
have been to “到过，去过”，表示曾经 到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to “去了”，表示已经去了某 地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in “呆在某处一段时间了”
1. 他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 His grandpa has been dead for 2 years.
2. Nick 参军3年了. Nick has been in the army for 3 years.
3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 He has been away from Shenzhen for a long time. 4. 这本书我已借了4个月了.
用法②
现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born . Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock?
注意: 瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.
method 1:
动作 die
borrow/buy leave arrive begin end/finish join marry
状态 be dead
keep/had be away
be here be on(上演） be over be in be married
她已经去南京了。
实义动词分为: 瞬间动词 、延续动词
瞬间动词
注意: 瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.
在现在完成时的肯定句中，瞬间动词不能与表示短时间 的句子连用，否定句中可以。瞬间动词若要连用可替 换成别的表达方式:
1. 瞬间Leabharlann 词可用于“段时间 + ago ” 的一般过去时句型 2. 瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语.与段
Has she ever been to Nanjing? 她曾去过南京吗？ You have never been there, have you? 你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？ I have been to Guiling , I went there last year. 我去过桂林，我去年去的。 She has gone to Nanjing.
2. Nick 参军3年了. Nick has joined the army for 3 years. X 3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 He has left Shenzhen for along time. X 4. 这本书我已借了4个月了. I have borrowed the book for 4 months. X
此时，现在完成时常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用，通常放在助动词之后， 过去分词之前。
already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 用于否定句，翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经
试一试
1. 你已经找到你的书了吗? (find-found) Have you found your book yet?
现在完成时的含义及用法
1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并 对现在有影响。
2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到 现在的动作或状态。
现在完成时的基本句型：
肯定式： 主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.
否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分
词. 疑问式：
2. 他们在这个城市建了许多房子. (build-built) They have built many buildings in this city.
3. Judy还没到达. (arrive-arrived) Judy hasn’t arrived yet.
4. 你吃过早饭了吗? (have-had) Have you had breakfast ?
时间连用 3. 瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时
的句型中。表示“自从...以来有...时间” 的意思.主句一 般用it is来代替It has been; 4. 瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去 时的句型中
1. 他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 His grandpa has died for 2 yearsX.
助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词?
用法①
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的)
I have had/kept the book for 4 months.
method 2: It is + 时间段 since +一般过去时的句子.
1. 他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 It is 2 years since his grandpa died. 2. Nick 参军3年了. It is 3 years since Nick joined the army. 3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 It is a long time since he left Shenzhen. 4. 这本书我已借了4个月了. It is 4 months since I borrowed the book .