[推荐学习]高中英语人教版必修一习题：课后阅读训练 Unit 4 Period 4 Word版含答案

课后阅读训练Unit 4Period 4Ⅰ. 阅读理解AWhen you meet someone for the first time, do you putacross a good impression? And what do we meanby“good”in the context? According to Presence, a newbook by Harvard Business School professor Amy Cuddy, people assess you on two main criteria when they first meet you: 1. Can I trust this person? 2. Can I respect this person?Your level of trustworthiness, or warmth, is the most important factor in how people initially admire you, Cuddy says-yet many mistakenly believe that the second factor, characterized as competence, is more important. “From an evolutionary aspect, ”Cuddy writes, “it is more important to our survival to know whether a person d eserves our trust. ”While displaying competence is certainly beneficial, particularly in a work setting, Cuddy warns that focusing on winning people’s respect, while failing to win their trust, can backfire—a common problem for young professionals attempting to make a good impression early on in their careers.“If someone you’re trying to influence doesn’t trust you, you’re not going to get very far”, Cuddy says, “A warm, trustworthy person who is also strong elicits(博得)admiration, but only after you’ve e stablished trust doesyour strength become a gift rather than a threat. ”In Cuddy’s book she also explains some of the science that can help you spot a liar.When a person is lying there are likely to be differences between what they are saying and what they are doing, she suggests.“Lying is hard work, ”she writes, “We’re telling one story while suppressing another, and most of us are experiencing psychological guilt about doing this, which we’re also trying to suppress. We just don’t have the brainpower to manage it all without letting something go-without ‘leaking’. ”“It’s about how well or poorly our multiple channels of communications—facial expressions, posture, movement, vocal qualities, speech—co-operate, ”she adds.“When we’re consciously looking for signs of cheat or truth, we pay too much attention to words and not enough to the external body language, ”the professor adds. “Truth reveals itself more clearly through actions than it does through our words. ”【语篇概述】本文主要讲述与人相处时, 第一印象是要赢得他人信任, 而不是显示能力或赢得别人的尊重。

1. According to Amy Cuddy, which is the most significant in putting across a good impression?A. Level of knowledge.B. Level of reliability.C. Level of competence.D. Level of flexibility.【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

按照Amy Cuddy的说法, 给人好印象最重要的是信任感。

2. What is the meaning of the underlined word“backfire”in the passage?A. Cause something unpleasant to happen.B. Add more fuel to make a bigger fire.C. Have an unexpected and undesired effect.D. Walk backwards and make a fire.【解析】选C。

词义猜测题。

Amy Cuddy说“只注重赢得别人的尊重而不能赢得别人的信任, 结果会适得其反, 事与愿违”, 故选C。

3. Which of the following is NOT true of Professor Cuddy’s concepts?A. Trust is more important than respect to win a good impression in meeting people for the first time.B. Young people tend to win people’s respect instead of winning people’s trust early on in their careers.C. How far away a person goes depends on whether he or she establishes trust among people around.D. Liars are unlikely to be identified in that their words match their actions well.【解析】选D。

推理判断题。

文章中说说谎者很容易被人发现, 因为语言和行动总会有不一致的地方, 会露出马脚的, 所以D项描述不正确。

4. What can be learned according to the passage?A. Some people tend to think displaying competence to gain respect makes a good impression.B. A liar always experiences a feeling of guilt when a lie is leaked.C. When multiple channels of communication co-operate poorly, a liar can hardly be spotted.D. Words and actions are equally significant in deciding whether a person is trustworthy.【解析】选A。

推理判断题。

认为通过展示自己的能力而赢得别人的尊重就会给人好印象, 这是一部分人的观点, 所以选项A正确。

不是所有说谎者都会有愧疚感, 故B不正确。

如果交流的多种方式相互之间不能很好配合, 说谎者就很容易被发现, 故C不正确。

行动比语言更能明确一个人是否值得信赖, 故D不正确。

BFor many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting along war, but years go by without any clear winner. Like aborder conflict between neighboring countries, theparent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the linebetween what I control and what you do?Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict. In part, this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it. From the parents’point of view, the only cause of their fight istheir adolescents’ complete unreasonableness. And of course, the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely. Both feel trapped.In this article, I’ll describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap. The first no-win situation is quarrels over unimportant things. Examples include the colo r of the teen’s hair, the cleanliness of the bedroom, the preferred style of clothing, the child’s failure to eat a good breakfast before school, or his tendency to sleep until noon on weekends. Second, blaming. The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong. Third, needing to be right. It doesn’t matter what the topic is—politics, the laws of physics, or the proper way to break an egg—the point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong, for both wish to be considered an authority—someone who actually knows something—and therefore to command respect. Unfortunately, as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other, the y’ll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress.【语篇概述】本文介绍了家长与孩子发生冲突的三种情况, 对家长与孩子的交流有直接的启示作用。