general psychology3_1_-newer

Effects of culture
etc., etc., etc
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
3 Brain size and living environment
Rosenzweig, Krech, Bennett, & Diamond, 1962
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
The Serotonin Transporter Gene
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
Eye colors of fruit flies
1st generation White-eyed 25 C Red-eyed 37 C 2nd generation Partially red-eyed 25 C
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ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Paro et al., 2009
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
Cells and nucleus
About 50 trillion cells in the body of each human being.
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PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
Genes, DNA and chromosomes
Chromosomes
DNA Genes
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PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
The observable structure, function or behavior of a living organism; also known as trait. Eg. eye color, shape of the ears, personality, behavior.
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
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PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
Do genes determine phenotype?
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PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
Do genes determine phenotype?
Gene by itself, does not determine anything. Phenotype results from the interaction of your genes and your environment.
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PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
How do genes affect traits
Genotype
An organism's genetic makeup, or the set of genes transmitted from the parents to offspring.
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Phenotype
relate to anxiety
response in baby rats
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
Eye colors of fruit flies
1st generation White eyes 25 C Red eyes 37 C 25 C 2nd generation
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Paro et al., 2009
Chromosomes
Organized structure of DNA DNA
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Double-stranded molecule
Genes Functional DNA sequences
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
More about DNA
Deoxyribo nucleic acid. Double-stranded molecule that contains sugar, phosphate, and four different bases.
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PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
Gene by itself, does not determine anything. Phenotype results from the interaction of your genes and your environment.
Water Temperature pressure gravity, Time, etc
'The DNA changes in question are known as epigenetic modifications and involve the gain or loss of chemical marks on DNA over and above the familiar sequence of As, Gs, Ts, and Cs. The new study shows that the DNA within skeletal muscle taken from people after a burst of exercise bears fewer chemical marks (specifically methyl groups) than it did before exercise. Those changes take place in stretches of DNA that are involved in turning "on" genes important for muscles' adaptation to exercise.'

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Nature vs. Nurture: an age old debate Nature: what you are conceived with
- Your genetic makeup

Nurture: everything else except your genes - From the womb to the tomb!
What is the function of genes?

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To produce proteins, which affect phenotype. Video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=983lhh2 0rGY
• Genes do not work in an isolated way; Interpenetrating with environment all the time.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LcaRTDsLmiA
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
Maternal care and anxiety response of offsprings

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Two maternal Corticosterone
care styles

and its receptor
What is DNA?
Deoxyribo nucleic acid. Double-stranded molecule that contains sugar, phosphate, and four different bases.
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Genetic codes serve as recipe to make proteins, passed on from parents to offsprings.
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
What is DNA?
Deoxyribo nucleic acid. Double-stranded molecule that contains sugar, phosphate, and four different bases.
3
Genetic codes serve as recipe to make proteins, passed on from parents to offsprings.
3
Exercise and the genes in the muscle

'...inactive men and women exercise for a matter of minutes, it produces a rather immediate change to their DNA'...
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
What is DNA?
Deoxyribo nucleic acid. Double-stranded molecule that contains sugar, phosphate, and four different bases.
3
Genetic codes serve as recipe to make proteins, passed on from parents to offsprings.
Do genes determine phenotype?
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PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
What is environment?

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Everything your genes interact with
Cellular environment
Womb environment Physical environment Illnesses Effects of parenting
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
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Genes and Environment
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
What makes who we are?

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Nature vs. Nurture: an age old debate Nature:

Nurture:
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
What makes who we are?
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
What is DNA?
Deoxyribo nucleic acid. Double-stranded molecule that contains sugar, phosphate, and four different bases.
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Genetic codes serve as recipe to make proteins, passed on from parents to offsprings.

Can we really separate them?
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
Lecture 3 outline
•Basics in genetics •Genes, traits and environment •Behavioral genetics
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PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
- a total of over three billion DNA base pairs. - about 1.5% are genes that code for about 20,000 proteins.
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PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
Lecture 3 outline
•Basics in genetics •Genes, traits and environment •Behavioral genetics
Genes, DNA and chromosomes
Chromosomes
Organized structure of DNA DNA
3
Double-stranded molecule
Genes Functional DNA sequences
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
Genes, DNA and chromosomes
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
The environment of genes

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The activity of genes require certain environment. False dichotomy ?: Nature vs. Nurture

PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
Do genes determine phenotype?
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
More about chromosomes
The number of chromosomes varies between species.
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PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
Human chromosomes
Chromosomes exist in pairs. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes in most of the cells in the body. Sperms and eggs have 23 chromosomes.

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Two versions: Relationship
short and long

with depression
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E
3 Epigenetics – regulation of genes
The study of heritable changes in gene expression or phenotype caused by mechanisms other than changes in the underlying DNA sequence. Decoration on DNA sequences-- effects to activate or silence the genes. This is the where environment has a large impact on. Video
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Paralleled concept as protein and carbohydrates. Genetic codes serve as recipe to make proteins, passed on from parents to offspring.
PSYCHOLOGY 10 E