Equestrian - 360文档中心

高考英语常考英美文化阅读专练：专题 28 英美文化阅读理解专项：骑马运动+苏格兰高原运动(名师原创)

Horse Sports 骑马运动养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

Here in the UK the sport of horse racing is often referred to as the “sport of kings”. However, after Zara Phillips stunning victory in the World Equestrian Games in Aachen, Germany, perhaps equestrian events shouldbe called the “sport of princesses.”Th at’s because the new three-day event worldchampion, Zara Phillips, is Queen Elizabeth’s niece and11th in line to the throne.With her horse, Toytown, she won the three-dayevent competition in Germany, adding the world title tothe European crown she won last year.The three-day event tests competitors’ horsemanship in three different disciplines: dressage, in which the rider must manoeuvre the horse through a sequence of movements in an enclosed arena; cross-country which is a timed race over obstacles such as fences, ponds and ditches; and finally show-jumping which tests the technical jumping skills of horse and rider.Zara is following in the footsteps of her mother, Princess Anne, and father, Captain Mark Phillips, both of whom represented Great Britain in equestrian events. However, neither of her parents managed to achieve world champion status.Naturally, she was delighted to win the title, telling the BBC, “It’s incredible; it’s beyond my wildest dreams.” However, the joy of victory was lowered with sadness as she presented her victory to her friend Sherelle Duke, another equestrian rider who was killed when her horse fell, crushing her while competing a week before the World Championships.Zara has now set her sights firmly on the 2008 Beijing Olympics, especially since an injury to her horse prevented her from qualifying for the 2004 Olympics in Athens.She told us, “Obviously winning the Olympics has been a massive dream but you have to get everything right leading up to it, and have the horse power, so it's still a long way away." (300 words )◆Helper:Equestrian[i'kwestriən]骑手three-day event三日赛程champion冠军in line to the throne皇位继承人European crown欧洲桂冠horsemanship马术dressage[dresəʒ]驯马技术manoeuvre[mə'nu:və]驱使enclosed arena封闭的竞赛场地cross country越野obstacle障碍物ditches壕沟status地位incredible难以置信的crushing挤压, 压伤◆Brief Introduction:在英国赛马运动通常被称作“国王的运动”。

奥运会比赛项目英语

Men's Weightlifting 56kg 男子56公斤级挺举
gymnastic apparatus----体操器械
gymnastics----体操
handball-----手球
hockey----曲棍球
hold, lock-----揪钮
horizontal bar-----单杠
hurdles; hurdle race----跨栏比赛
Men's Wrestling Greco-Roman 58kg 男子58公斤古典摔交
Men's Diving 3m Springboard 男子3米跳板
Men's Artistic Gymnastics Parallel Bars 竞技体操男子双杠
Women's Artistic Gymnastics Beam 竞技体操女子自由体操
parallel bar 双杠
platform diving 跳台跳水
pole jump 撑杆跳
pommel horse 鞍马
the back stoke 仰泳
the breaststroke 蛙泳
the free style 自由泳
butterfly 蝶泳
Men's Table Tennis Doubles 男子乒乓球双打
Women's Badminton Singles 女子羽毛球单打
Men's Fencing Team Foil 击剑男子团体花剑
Women's Judo Heavyweight +78kg 柔道女子重量级78公斤
Men's Table Tennis Singles 男子乒乓单打

奥运会比赛项目的英文名称

奥运会比赛项目的英文名称Archery 射箭Athletics 田径Badminton 羽毛球Baseball 棒球Basketball 篮球Boxing 拳击Canoeing 赛艇Cycling 自行车Equestrian 马术Fencing 击剑Football 足球Gymnastics 体操Handball 手球Hockey 曲棍球Martial Arts 武术Modern Pentathlon 现代五项全能Rowing 划船Sailing 帆船Shooting 射击Softball 垒球Swimming 游泳Table Tennis 乒乓球Tennis 网球Triathlon 三项全能V olleyball 排球Weightlifting 举重Wrestling 摔跤10m air rifle 10米气步枪10m air pistol 10米气balance beam 平衡木high-low bar 高低杠horizontal bar 单杠parallel bar 双杠platform diving 跳台跳水pole jump 撑杆跳pommel horse 鞍马the back stoke 仰泳the breaststroke 蛙泳the free style 自由泳butterfly 蝶泳individual medley 个人混合泳freestyle relay 自由泳接力medley relay 混合泳接力Water polo 水球Diving 跳水triple jump 三级跳远acrobatic gymnastics---技巧运动athletics/track & field---田径beach---海滩boat race---赛艇bobsleigh, bobsled---雪橇boxing---拳击canoe slalom---激流划船canoe---赛艇chess---象棋cricket---板球cycling---自行车diving---跳水downhill race---速降滑雪赛,滑降dragon-boat racing---赛龙船dressage---盛装舞步equestrian---骑马fencing---击剑figure skating---花样滑冰football(英语)/soccer(美语)---足球freestyle----自由式golf----高尔夫球Greece-Roman wrestling----古典式摔跤gymnastic apparatus----体操器械gymnastics----体操handball-----手球hockey----曲棍球hold, lock-----揪钮horizontal bar-----单杠hurdles; hurdle race----跨栏比赛ice skating---滑冰indoor---室内item Archery---箭术judo---柔道jumping----障碍kayak----皮划艇mat exercises---垫上运动modern pentathlon---现代五项运动mountain bike---山地车parallel bars---双杠polo---马球qigong; breathing exercises---气功relative work---造型跳伞relay race; relay---接力rings----吊环roller skating----滑旱冰rowing-----划船rugby---橄榄球sailing--帆船shooting---射击ski jump---跳高滑雪ski jumping competition---跳高滑雪比赛ski---滑雪板skiing---滑雪slalom---障碍滑雪softball---垒球surfing---冲浪swimming----游泳table tennis---乒乓球taekwondo---跆拳道tennis----网球track---赛道trampoline---蹦床trapeze---秋千triathlon---铁人三项tug-of-war---拔河volleyball---排球badminton---羽毛球baseball---棒球basketball---篮球walking; walking race---竞走wall bars---肋木water polo----水球weightlifting ---举重weights ---重量级winter sports -----冬季运动wrestling --- 摔交yacht --- 游艇Men's 10m Platform 男子10米跳台Women's Taekwondo Over 67kg 女子67公斤级以上跆拳道Women's Athletics 20km Walk 女子20公里竟走Men's Diving Synchronized 3m Springboard 男子3米跳板Women's Diving 3m Springboard 女子3米跳板Women's Diving Synchronized 10m Platform 女子10米跳台Men's Wrestling Greco-Roman 58kg 男子58公斤古典摔交Men's Diving 3m Springboard 男子3米跳板Men's Artistic Gymnastics Parallel Bars 竞技体操男子双杠Women's Artistic Gymnastics Beam 竞技体操女子自由体操Men's Table Tennis Singles 男子乒乓单打Women's Diving 10m Platform 女子10米跳台Women's Artistic Gymnastics Uneven Bars 竞技体操女子跳马Women's Table Tennis Singles 女子乒乓单打Men's Badminton Singles 男子羽毛球单打Women's Badminton Doubles 女子羽毛球双打Men's Diving Synchronized 10m Platform 跳水男子10米跳台Women's Diving Synchronized 3m Springboard 跳水女子3米跳板Men's Table Tennis Doubles 男子乒乓球双打Women's Badminton Singles 女子羽毛球单打Men's Fencing Team Foil 击剑男子团体花剑Women's Judo Heavyweight +78kg 柔道女子重量级78公斤Men's Shooting 10m Running Target 射击男子10米移动靶Women's Shooting 25m Pistol 射击女子25米运动Women's Table Tennis Doubles 女子乒乓球双打Men's Weightlifting 77kg 举重男子77公斤级抓举Women's Weightlifting 75+ kg 举重女子75公斤以上级抓举Mixed Badminton Doubles 羽毛球男子双打Women's Artistic Gymnastics All-Around Finals 竞技体操女子个人全能决赛Women's Judo Half-Heavy wt 78kg 女子次重量级78公斤级柔道Men's Artistic Gymnastics All-Around Finals 竞技体操男子个人全能Women's Fencing Team Epee 击剑女子团体重剑Women's Artistic Gymnastics Team Finals 竞技体操女子团体Women's Judo Half-Middle wt 63kg 女子次中量级63公斤级柔道Women's Weightlifting 63kg 女子63公斤级挺举举重Women's Weightlifting 69kg 女子69公斤级抓举举重Men's Artistic Gymnastics Team Finals 男子团体竞技体操Men's Shooting 10m Air Rifle 射击男子10米气步枪Women's Shooting Trap 射击女子多向飞碟Women's Weightlifting 53kg 举重女子53公斤级抓举Women's Judo Half-Light wt 52kg 女子次轻量级52公斤柔道Women's Shooting 10m Air Pistol 女子10米汽枪Women's Cycling Track 500m Time Trial 运动场自行车赛女子500米计时赛Men's Shooting 10m Air Pistol 男子10米气步枪Women's Shooting 10m Air Rifle 女子10米气步枪Men's Weightlifting 56kg 男子56公斤级挺举。

马术运动常用英语词汇47436

马术运动常用英语词汇马术运动障碍赛花式骑术Equestrian人员障碍赛花式骑术赛马马球运动赌马步法马匹场地旗手装备饲养与调教1．马术运动：equestrian sport2．马术比赛：equestrian competition event3．障碍赛：hurdle race; (steeple) chase4．超越障碍赛：show jumping5．盛装舞步；花式骑术：dressage6．三日赛；综合全能马术比赛：three-day event; complete competitive examination of horsemanship7．花式骑术测验：dressage test8．越野耐力测验：endurance test9．超越障碍测验：jumping test10．跳跃障碍测验：Puissance11．马场超越障碍赛：Stadium jumping competition12．放牧人竞技会：Rodeo13．马上技巧：Mounted gymnastics14．马术学校：Riding school [academy]人员15．马术运动员；骑手：equestrian; equestrienne (女); horseman; horsewoman (女); rider; jockey16．障碍赛骑手：Show jumper17．盛装舞步骑手：Dressage rider18．驯马师：horse-breaker [-master; -trainer]; bronco-buster19．障碍赛裁判员：Obstacle judge20．检查员：Patrol judge21．跑道检查员：Clerk of the course22．赛马工作人员：Steward23．饲养员：groom；Stableman24．马掌工：Blacksmith; Farrier障碍赛25．越过障碍：Jump26．起跳：Take off27．飞跃：Fly28．飞越：Leap29．轻触障碍：Tick30．漏跳：Omit an obstacle31．拒跳：Ba(u)lk32．踌躇（跳障碍前收住脚步）：Dwell33．碰撞障碍：Knock down an obstacle34．绊跌：Stumble35．时间限制：Time limit36．障碍赛平分决胜：jump-off37．障碍：Obstacle; fence38．障碍宽度：Spread39．固定障碍：Solid obstacle40．简单障碍：Simple obstacle41．双重障碍：Double obstacles; in-and-out42．直立障碍：Vertical [straight] obstacle43．高宽混合障碍high and broad obstacle44．平行杆障碍：Parallel poles45．双重平行杆障碍：Double parallel poles46．三重障碍：Triple bars47．平行三重障碍：Triple parallel bars48．木栅障碍：Railing; paling; Oxer; bars; post and rail obstacles 49．单栏障碍：Simple oxer50．蛇形木栅障碍：Snake fence51．宽围栏障碍：Spread fence52．屋顶形障碍：Chicken coop53．低墙障碍；土堤：Bank; knoll54．石墙障碍：Stone wall55．树篱障碍：Hedge; bullfinch56．窄篱[墙]障碍：Narrow stile57．篱沟障碍：Ditch and hedge58．树篱与木栅障碍：Brush and rails59．沟：Ditch; pit60．水沟障碍：Water-jump61．水沟带树篱障碍：Water jump with hedge花式骑术62．初级花式骑术：Elementary training; Campagne63．高级花式骑术：grand dressage; high school; haut ecole64．立定：Attention65．前肢起扬：Levade; pesade66．后肢直立：Rear67．昂首跳步：Jigging68．原地快步：Trot in place69．斜横步：Two-track; half-pass; appuyer70．巴沙基；高级快报：Passage71．西班牙舞步；高级慢步：Spanish walk72．琵阿斐；原地高级步：Piaffe73．跳跃：Gambado75．原地腾跃：Capriole76．直立腾跃：Curvet; courbette77．旋转：Pivot78．后肢旋转：Pivot on the quarters; pirouette79．前肢旋转：Pivot on the forehand80．半旋转：Caracole81．后肢半旋转：Half-pirouette82．环骑：Volt(e)83．转圈（直径超过6米）：Circle84．8字形：Eight; school figures赛马85．赛马：Horse race [racing]86．大赛马：Derby87．平地赛马（无障碍物）：Flat race88．有奖赛马：Stakes race89．让步赛马：Handicap; allowance race90．负重减量：Alloance91．附加重量：Impost92．根据马匹年龄和赛程而附加的重量：Weight-for-age 93．轻驾车赛：Hharness racing94．同时到达终点：dead heat95．领先一头的距离：head96．落选的马：also-ran97．马球运动：polo98．马球运动员：polo player; poloist99．马球队：quartet100．局：chukker101．前锋：forward102．前卫：halfback103．后卫：back104．球门裁判：goal umpire105．判胜一球：penalty goal106．原地罚球：free hit107．得球：right of way108．球行线：line of ball109．挤出球行线：ride off the ball110．向前击球：forestroke111．向后击球：backstroke112．右侧向前击球：offside forehand113．右侧向后击球：offside backhand114．左侧向前击球：nearside forehand115．左侧向后击球：nearside backhand116．马球杆：mallet; polo-stick117．赌马：gamble [bet] on horses118．赌博者：gambler; bettor; horse player119．登记赌注者：bookmaker; bookie120．赌注：bet; stake121．赔率：odds122．同注分彩赌博：parimutuel123．赛马内情简报：dope-[tip-]-sheet骑术124．骑术：art of riding; horsemanship; equestrianism; equestrian skill; equitation; jockeyship125．无鞍骑乘：ride bareback126．上马：get up; mount127．帮助上马：leg up128．下马：dismount129．骑坐姿势：riding posture; seat130．身体重心居中的骑坐姿势：park seat131．前倾骑坐：forward [balanced; hunting; modern; military] seat132．极度前倾骑坐：jockey seat133．古典骑坐姿势：academic [classical] seat134．顺随马的动作：go with the horse135．扶助指挥：aid136．自然扶助：natural aid; authorized assistance137．人工扶助：artificial aid; unauthorized assistance 138．控缰：draw the rein139．开控缰：leading [opening] rein140．颈上控缰：bearing [neck] rein141．反向直控缰：direct rein of opposition142．强力控缰：heavy-handed; mutton-fisted143．轻控缰绳：light-handed144．控马：collect a horse145．控马后退：rein back146．停住：halt147．控缰主导腿：active leg148．控缰支撑腿：passive leg149．落马：fall from the horse; come a cropper150．步法[态]：gait151．自然步法：collected [natural] gait152．人工步（包括慢跑步、侧对步、破侧对步）：artificial gait 153．侧[横]步：sidestep154．慢步：walk; short pace; jog trot155．自由慢步：free walk156．短慢步：short walk157．跑慢步：running walk158．侧对步：amble; pace; on the diagonal159．慢侧对步：slow gait; stepping pace160．破[花]侧对步：broken amble; rack; single foot161．快步：trot162．狐[小快]步：foxtrot163．骑手稳坐马鞍的小跑：sitting trot164．骑手随马起伏的小跑：rising trot165．慢快步：collected trot166．平稳快步：square trot167．缩短快步：slow trot168．慢跑步：canter; slow pace; hand gallop169．普通慢快跑：ordinary canter170．大步慢跑：lope171．反常跑步：counter canter; false lead172．飞奔；疾驰：gallop173．袭步：full [running] gallop174．狂奔：bolt; take the bit175．伸长步法：extended gait176．缩短步法：shortened gait177．碎步：choppy stride178．乱步：disunited gait179．两个蹄音的步法：two-beat gait180．三个蹄音的步法：three-beat gait181．四个蹄音的步法：four-beat gait182．善于五种步法的：five-gaited183．简单换步：simple change of legs184．空中换腿：flying change of legs马匹185．马：horse186．额毛：forelock187．马体前部：forequarters; front quarters188．马鬃：mane; crest189．马肩隆：withers190．马背：horseback191．颈础：base of neck192．脊背：back193．腹部：belly; abdomen; barrel194．胁：blank195．臀部：haunch; hind quarters; rump; croup(e); crump; crupper 196．前肢：forefoot; front foot; arm197．左前肢：left fore198．右前肢：right fore199．后肢：hind leg200．左后肢：left fore201．右前肢：right hind202．斜对肢：diagonal pair of legs203．飞[跗关]节：hock204．胫：shank; gaskin; second thigh205．距毛；球节：fetlock206．系部：pastern207．蹄：hoof; foot208．品种：breed209．谱系：pedigree210．纯种马：purebred; bloodstock211．英纯种马：thoroughbred212．阿拉伯马：Arab (horse); Arabian horse213．非纯种的：cold-blooded214．混血马：half-bred215．母马：mare; dam216．母驹（5岁以下）：filly217．公驹（5岁以下）：colt218．1-2岁的幼驹：yearling219．2-4岁的马：futurity220. 种马：stud horse221. 骟马：castrated horse; gelding222. 比赛用马：race horse; racer; bangtail; oat-burner223. 盛装舞步马：dressage horse224. 障碍赛用马：(show) jumper225. 越野障碍赛用马：chaser; hunter226. 球赛马：polo pony227. 轻挽马：harness horse228. 骑乘马：riding [saddle] horse; hackney; saddler229. 体形：conformation; quality230. 受衔姿势：collection231. 特征：marking; peculiarity232. 性格：disposition; temperament233. 敏感性：responsiveness234. 易惊的：shy; flighty; skittish235. 见人受惊的：manshy236. 易受惊的马：shyer237. 驯服性：obedience; suppleness; acceptance to the bridle 238. 受衔的：light-mouthed239. 不让装勒的：headshy240. 不服马嚼子的马：puller241. 易于驾驭的：light in hand242. 难驾驭的：reative243. 不驯从的：disobedient244. 难驯的马：bucking bronco; outlaw245. 弓背跳起（企图摔下骑手）：buck jump246. 将骑手摔下来：throw [unseat] the rider247. 马具：harness; tackle; horse gear248. 口套；鼻笼：muzzle249. 嚼子；口衔：bit250. 马眼罩：blinders; blinkers; winkers251. 头勒：halter; headstall252. 顶革：headpiece; head strap253. 低头革：martingale254. 颊革：cheek piece [strap]255. 颈革：neck strap256. 鼻革：noseband257. 马肚带：girth; cinch; surcingle258. 缰绳：rein259. 控制缰：checkrein260. 鞍具：saddlery261. 马鞍：saddle262. 花式骑术马鞍：dressage saddle263. 鞍座：seat264. 前鞍桥：saddle bow; pommel265. 后鞍桥：high bow; cantle266. 鞍垫：saddle blanket [pad]267. 鞍布：saddle cloth268. 马刺：spur269. 马镫：stirrup270. 马蹄铁：horseshoe271. 烙印：brand272. 跑[赛]马场：(race) course; turf273. 大跑马场：park274. 马球场：polo field275. 赛马跑道：race track; racing strip276. 障碍赛马跑道：steeplechase course277. 8字形障碍赛跑道：figure-of-eight track278. 花式骑术赛场：arena for dressage competition 279. 赛前鞍具着装场：paddock280. 准备活动区：warming-up area281. 出发门：(starting) gate282. 起跑位置：post position283. 起跑线：starting line284. 起跑屏障：barrier285. 起跑柱：starting post286. 终点线：finish line287. 终点柱：finish post288. 裁判台：judge box289. 标志旗：marking flag骑手装备290. 骑装：jockey dress [suit]; riding costume291. 女骑装：riding habit292. 骑马裤：(riding) breeches; jodhpurs293. 轻便鸭舌帽：jockey cap294. 骑手手套：riding glove295. 长[防护]手套：gauntlet296. 马靴：riding [high] boot297. 马鞭：(riding) whip; horsewhip; crop298. 赛马鞭子：racing bat饲养与调教299. 养马场：breeding farm300. 种马饲养场：stud(farm)301. 马房[厩]：stable302. 单间马房：stall; box303. 牲口棚：shed304. 草荐：litter305. 饲料：fodder; forage306. 饲槽：feed box; feeding trough307. 刷马：curry308. 马刷：body [horse] brush309. 兽医检查：veterinary examination310. 调教：break; school311. 未经调教的马：unbroken horse; bronco312. 经过调教的马：broken horse313. 调教场：lunge; longe314. 调教竿：rapping pole315.halt：立定316.pony：矮马317.stallon ：公马318.mare：母马319.gelding：骟马320.foal:马驹321.colt：公驹322.filly：母驹320.siting trot：快步321.rising trot：轻快步322.Canter：跑步323.袭步gollop324.後退rein back325. 姿势position326. 白星white star327. 教练员instructor328. 唇白snip330. 细流星stripe331. 广流星blaze332. 比赛competition333. 白脸white face334.鞍垫numnah335. 蹄冠白ermine336. 调教索lunge rein337. 球节白sock338. 马靴boots339. 管白stocking340. 马裤breeches341. 表色马grey342. 调教笼头cavesson 344. 场地骑乘working on the flat 345. 骝毛马bay346. 场障碍jumping347. 银鬃palomino348. 盛装舞步dressage349. 金栗chestnut350. 斜换里怀chang the flat351. 转一圈turn a circle352. 兔褐dun353. 脱蹬your feets out of the stirrups 354. 断流星snip and star355. 蛇形骑乘serpentingloops 356.项部poll357. 马刺spurs358. 冠状部颈上有鬃毛处crest 359. 鞭子whip360. 耆甲withers361. 鞍具tack362. 水勒bridle363.腰角lions364.马鞍saddle365.後腿（后三肌）quarters366.缰绳reins367. 臀部croup368.衔铁bit369.马尾tail370. 咽喉革throatlash371.唇（上、下）muzzli372. 顶革headpiece373.肩point of shoulder374.额革browband375. 胸brest376.颊革cheek piece377.肘（前）elbow378.鼻革nose band379.前臂forearm380. 膝knee381. 脚後跟向下 heels down 382.球节（生距毛处）fetlock joint 383. 飞结chestnut384.半减却half halt385胫部cannon bone387.蹄冠coronet388.内方inside389.蹄hoof390. 外方outside391. 腰腹部（肚带部位）girth。

马术运动常用英语词汇

马术运动常用英语词汇马术运动障碍赛花式骑术Equestrian人员障碍赛花式骑术赛马马球运动赌马步法马匹场地旗手装备饲养与调教1．马术运动：equestrian sport2．马术比赛：equestrian competition event3．障碍赛：hurdle race; (steeple) chase4．超越障碍赛：show jumping5．盛装舞步；花式骑术：dressage6．三日赛；综合全能马术比赛：three-day event; complete competitive examination of horsemanship7．花式骑术测验：dressage test8．越野耐力测验：endurance test9．超越障碍测验：jumping test10．跳跃障碍测验：Puissance11．马场超越障碍赛：Stadium jumping competition12．放牧人竞技会：Rodeo13．马上技巧：Mounted gymnastics14．马术学校：Riding school [academy]人员15．马术运动员；骑手：equestrian; equestrienne (女); horseman; horsewoman (女); rider; jockey16．障碍赛骑手：Show jumper17．盛装舞步骑手：Dressage rider18．驯马师：horse-breaker [-master; -trainer]; bronco-buster19．障碍赛裁判员：Obstacle judge20．检查员：Patrol judge21．跑道检查员：Clerk of the course22．赛马工作人员：Steward23．饲养员：groom；Stableman24．马掌工：Blacksmith; Farrier障碍赛25．越过障碍：Jump26．起跳：Take off27．飞跃：Fly28．飞越：Leap29．轻触障碍：Tick30．漏跳：Omit an obstacle31．拒跳：Ba(u)lk32．踌躇（跳障碍前收住脚步）：Dwell33．碰撞障碍：Knock down an obstacle34．绊跌：Stumble35．时间限制：Time limit36．障碍赛平分决胜：jump-off37．障碍：Obstacle; fence38．障碍宽度：Spread39．固定障碍：Solid obstacle40．简单障碍：Simple obstacle41．双重障碍：Double obstacles; in-and-out42．直立障碍：Vertical [straight] obstacle43．高宽混合障碍high and broad obstacle44．平行杆障碍：Parallel poles45．双重平行杆障碍：Double parallel poles46．三重障碍：Triple bars47．平行三重障碍：Triple parallel bars48．木栅障碍：Railing; paling; Oxer; bars; post and rail obstacles 49．单栏障碍：Simple oxer50．蛇形木栅障碍：Snake fence51．宽围栏障碍：Spread fence52．屋顶形障碍：Chicken coop53．低墙障碍；土堤：Bank; knoll54．石墙障碍：Stone wall55．树篱障碍：Hedge; bullfinch56．窄篱[墙]障碍：Narrow stile57．篱沟障碍：Ditch and hedge58．树篱与木栅障碍：Brush and rails59．沟：Ditch; pit60．水沟障碍：Water-jump61．水沟带树篱障碍：Water jump with hedge花式骑术62．初级花式骑术：Elementary training; Campagne63．高级花式骑术：grand dressage; high school; haut ecole64．立定：Attention65．前肢起扬：Levade; pesade66．后肢直立：Rear67．昂首跳步：Jigging68．原地快步：Trot in place69．斜横步：Two-track; half-pass; appuyer70．巴沙基；高级快报：Passage71．西班牙舞步；高级慢步：Spanish walk72．琵阿斐；原地高级步：Piaffe73．跳跃：Gambado75．原地腾跃：Capriole76．直立腾跃：Curvet; courbette77．旋转：Pivot78．后肢旋转：Pivot on the quarters; pirouette79．前肢旋转：Pivot on the forehand80．半旋转：Caracole81．后肢半旋转：Half-pirouette82．环骑：Volt(e)83．转圈（直径超过6米）：Circle84．8字形：Eight; school figures赛马85．赛马：Horse race [racing]86．大赛马：Derby87．平地赛马（无障碍物）：Flat race88．有奖赛马：Stakes race89．让步赛马：Handicap; allowance race90．负重减量：Alloance91．附加重量：Impost92．根据马匹年龄和赛程而附加的重量：Weight-for-age 93．轻驾车赛：Hharness racing94．同时到达终点：dead heat95．领先一头的距离：head96．落选的马：also-ran97．马球运动：polo98．马球运动员：polo player; poloist99．马球队：quartet100．局：chukker101．前锋：forward102．前卫：halfback103．后卫：back104．球门裁判：goal umpire105．判胜一球：penalty goal106．原地罚球：free hit107．得球：right of way108．球行线：line of ball109．挤出球行线：ride off the ball110．向前击球：forestroke111．向后击球：backstroke112．右侧向前击球：offside forehand113．右侧向后击球：offside backhand114．左侧向前击球：nearside forehand115．左侧向后击球：nearside backhand116．马球杆：mallet; polo-stick117．赌马：gamble [bet] on horses118．赌博者：gambler; bettor; horse player119．登记赌注者：bookmaker; bookie120．赌注：bet; stake121．赔率：odds122．同注分彩赌博：parimutuel123．赛马内情简报：dope-[tip-]-sheet骑术124．骑术：art of riding; horsemanship; equestrianism; equestrian skill; equitation; jockeyship125．无鞍骑乘：ride bareback126．上马：get up; mount127．帮助上马：leg up128．下马：dismount129．骑坐姿势：riding posture; seat130．身体重心居中的骑坐姿势：park seat131．前倾骑坐：forward [balanced; hunting; modern; military] seat132．极度前倾骑坐：jockey seat133．古典骑坐姿势：academic [classical] seat134．顺随马的动作：go with the horse135．扶助指挥：aid136．自然扶助：natural aid; authorized assistance137．人工扶助：artificial aid; unauthorized assistance 138．控缰：draw the rein139．开控缰：leading [opening] rein140．颈上控缰：bearing [neck] rein141．反向直控缰：direct rein of opposition142．强力控缰：heavy-handed; mutton-fisted143．轻控缰绳：light-handed144．控马：collect a horse145．控马后退：rein back146．停住：halt147．控缰主导腿：active leg148．控缰支撑腿：passive leg149．落马：fall from the horse; come a cropper150．步法[态]：gait151．自然步法：collected [natural] gait152．人工步（包括慢跑步、侧对步、破侧对步）：artificial gait 153．侧[横]步：sidestep154．慢步：walk; short pace; jog trot155．自由慢步：free walk156．短慢步：short walk157．跑慢步：running walk158．侧对步：amble; pace; on the diagonal159．慢侧对步：slow gait; stepping pace160．破[花]侧对步：broken amble; rack; single foot161．快步：trot162．狐[小快]步：foxtrot163．骑手稳坐马鞍的小跑：sitting trot164．骑手随马起伏的小跑：rising trot165．慢快步：collected trot166．平稳快步：square trot167．缩短快步：slow trot168．慢跑步：canter; slow pace; hand gallop169．普通慢快跑：ordinary canter170．大步慢跑：lope171．反常跑步：counter canter; false lead172．飞奔；疾驰：gallop173．袭步：full [running] gallop174．狂奔：bolt; take the bit175．伸长步法：extended gait176．缩短步法：shortened gait177．碎步：choppy stride178．乱步：disunited gait179．两个蹄音的步法：two-beat gait180．三个蹄音的步法：three-beat gait181．四个蹄音的步法：four-beat gait182．善于五种步法的：five-gaited183．简单换步：simple change of legs184．空中换腿：flying change of legs马匹185．马：horse186．额毛：forelock187．马体前部：forequarters; front quarters188．马鬃：mane; crest189．马肩隆：withers190．马背：horseback191．颈础：base of neck192．脊背：back193．腹部：belly; abdomen; barrel194．胁：blank195．臀部：haunch; hind quarters; rump; croup(e); crump; crupper 196．前肢：forefoot; front foot; arm197．左前肢：left fore198．右前肢：right fore199．后肢：hind leg200．左后肢：left fore201．右前肢：right hind202．斜对肢：diagonal pair of legs203．飞[跗关]节：hock204．胫：shank; gaskin; second thigh205．距毛；球节：fetlock206．系部：pastern207．蹄：hoof; foot208．品种：breed209．谱系：pedigree210．纯种马：purebred; bloodstock211．英纯种马：thoroughbred212．阿拉伯马：Arab (horse); Arabian horse213．非纯种的：cold-blooded214．混血马：half-bred215．母马：mare; dam216．母驹（5岁以下）：filly217．公驹（5岁以下）：colt218．1-2岁的幼驹：yearling219．2-4岁的马：futurity220. 种马：stud horse221. 骟马：castrated horse; gelding222. 比赛用马：race horse; racer; bangtail; oat-burner223. 盛装舞步马：dressage horse224. 障碍赛用马：(show) jumper225. 越野障碍赛用马：chaser; hunter226. 球赛马：polo pony227. 轻挽马：harness horse228. 骑乘马：riding [saddle] horse; hackney; saddler229. 体形：conformation; quality230. 受衔姿势：collection231. 特征：marking; peculiarity232. 性格：disposition; temperament233. 敏感性：responsiveness234. 易惊的：shy; flighty; skittish235. 见人受惊的：manshy236. 易受惊的马：shyer237. 驯服性：obedience; suppleness; acceptance to the bridle 238. 受衔的：light-mouthed239. 不让装勒的：headshy240. 不服马嚼子的马：puller241. 易于驾驭的：light in hand242. 难驾驭的：reative243. 不驯从的：disobedient244. 难驯的马：bucking bronco; outlaw245. 弓背跳起（企图摔下骑手）：buck jump246. 将骑手摔下来：throw [unseat] the rider247. 马具：harness; tackle; horse gear248. 口套；鼻笼：muzzle249. 嚼子；口衔：bit250. 马眼罩：blinders; blinkers; winkers251. 头勒：halter; headstall252. 顶革：headpiece; head strap253. 低头革：martingale254. 颊革：cheek piece [strap]255. 颈革：neck strap256. 鼻革：noseband257. 马肚带：girth; cinch; surcingle258. 缰绳：rein259. 控制缰：checkrein260. 鞍具：saddlery261. 马鞍：saddle262. 花式骑术马鞍：dressage saddle263. 鞍座：seat264. 前鞍桥：saddle bow; pommel265. 后鞍桥：high bow; cantle266. 鞍垫：saddle blanket [pad]267. 鞍布：saddle cloth268. 马刺：spur269. 马镫：stirrup270. 马蹄铁：horseshoe271. 烙印：brand272. 跑[赛]马场：(race) course; turf273. 大跑马场：park274. 马球场：polo field275. 赛马跑道：race track; racing strip276. 障碍赛马跑道：steeplechase course277. 8字形障碍赛跑道：figure-of-eight track278. 花式骑术赛场：arena for dressage competition 279. 赛前鞍具着装场：paddock280. 准备活动区：warming-up area281. 出发门：(starting) gate282. 起跑位置：post position283. 起跑线：starting line284. 起跑屏障：barrier285. 起跑柱：starting post286. 终点线：finish line287. 终点柱：finish post288. 裁判台：judge box289. 标志旗：marking flag骑手装备290. 骑装：jockey dress [suit]; riding costume291. 女骑装：riding habit292. 骑马裤：(riding) breeches; jodhpurs293. 轻便鸭舌帽：jockey cap294. 骑手手套：riding glove295. 长[防护]手套：gauntlet296. 马靴：riding [high] boot297. 马鞭：(riding) whip; horsewhip; crop298. 赛马鞭子：racing bat饲养与调教299. 养马场：breeding farm300. 种马饲养场：stud(farm)301. 马房[厩]：stable302. 单间马房：stall; box303. 牲口棚：shed304. 草荐：litter305. 饲料：fodder; forage306. 饲槽：feed box; feeding trough307. 刷马：curry308. 马刷：body [horse] brush309. 兽医检查：veterinary examination310. 调教：break; school311. 未经调教的马：unbroken horse; bronco312. 经过调教的马：broken horse313. 调教场：lunge; longe314. 调教竿：rapping pole315.halt：立定316.pony：矮马317.stallon ：公马318.mare：母马319.gelding：骟马320.foal:马驹321.colt：公驹322.filly：母驹320.siting trot：快步321.rising trot：轻快步322.Canter：跑步323.袭步gollop324.後退rein back325. 姿势position326. 白星white star327. 教练员instructor328. 唇白snip330. 细流星stripe331. 广流星blaze332. 比赛competition333. 白脸white face334.鞍垫numnah335. 蹄冠白ermine336. 调教索lunge rein337. 球节白sock338. 马靴boots339. 管白stocking340. 马裤breeches341. 表色马grey342. 调教笼头cavesson 344. 场地骑乘working on the flat 345. 骝毛马bay346. 场障碍jumping347. 银鬃palomino348. 盛装舞步dressage349. 金栗chestnut350. 斜换里怀chang the flat351. 转一圈turn a circle352. 兔褐dun353. 脱蹬your feets out of the stirrups 354. 断流星snip and star355. 蛇形骑乘serpentingloops 356.项部poll357. 马刺spurs358. 冠状部颈上有鬃毛处crest 359. 鞭子whip360. 耆甲withers361. 鞍具tack362. 水勒bridle363.腰角lions364.马鞍saddle365.後腿（后三肌）quarters366.缰绳reins367. 臀部croup368.衔铁bit369.马尾tail370. 咽喉革throatlash371.唇（上、下）muzzli372. 顶革headpiece373.肩point of shoulder374.额革browband375. 胸brest376.颊革cheek piece377.肘（前）elbow378.鼻革nose band379.前臂forearm380. 膝knee381. 脚後跟向下 heels down 382.球节（生距毛处）fetlock joint 383. 飞结chestnut384.半减却half halt385胫部cannon bone387.蹄冠coronet388.内方inside389.蹄hoof390. 外方outside391. 腰腹部（肚带部位）girth。

马术英文

马术英文人员?障碍赛?? 花式骑术? ?赛马马球运动赌马步法? 马匹场地旗手装备饲养与调教1．马术运动：equestrian sport2．马术比赛：equestrian competition event3．障碍赛：hurdle race; (steeple) chase4．超越障碍赛：show jumping5．盛装舞步；花式骑术：dressage6．三日赛；综合全能马术比赛：three-day event; complete competitive examination of horsemanship7．花式骑术测验：dressage test8．越野耐力测验：endurance test9．超越障碍测验：jumping test10．跳跃障碍测验：Puissance11．马场超越障碍赛：Stadium jumping competition12．放牧人竞技会：Rodeo13．马上技巧：Mounted gymnastics14．马术学校：Riding school [academy]人员15．马术运动员；骑手：equestrian; equestrienne (女); horseman; horsewoman (女); rider; jockey16．障碍赛骑手：Show jumper17．盛装舞步骑手：Dressage rider18．驯马师：horse-breaker [-master; -trainer]; bronco-buster19．障碍赛裁判员：Obstacle judge20．检查员：Patrol judge21．跑道检查员：Clerk of the course22．赛马工作人员：Steward23．饲养员：groom；Stableman24．马掌工：Blacksmith; Farrier障碍赛25．越过障碍：Jump26．起跳：Take off27．飞跃：Fly28．飞越：Leap29．轻触障碍：Tick30．漏跳：Omit an obstacle31．拒跳：Ba(u)lk32．踌躇（跳障碍前收住脚步）：Dwell33．碰撞障碍：Knock down an obstacle34．绊跌：Stumble35．时间限制：Time limit36．障碍赛平分决胜：jump-off37．障碍：Obstacle; fence38．障碍宽度：Spread39．固定障碍：Solid obstacle40．简单障碍：Simple obstacle41．双重障碍：Double obstacles; in-and-out42．直立障碍：Vertical [straight] obstacle43．高宽混合障碍high and broad obstacle44．平行杆障碍：Parallel poles45．双重平行杆障碍：Double parallel poles46．三重障碍：Triple bars47．平行三重障碍：Triple parallel bars48．木栅障碍：Railing; paling; Oxer; bars; post and rail obstacles 49．单栏障碍：Simple oxer50．蛇形木栅障碍：Snake fence51．宽围栏障碍：Spread fence52．屋顶形障碍：Chicken coop53．低墙障碍；土堤：Bank; knoll54．石墙障碍：Stone wall55．树篱障碍：Hedge; bullfinch56．窄篱[墙]障碍：Narrow stile57．篱沟障碍：Ditch and hedge58．树篱与木栅障碍：Brush and rails59．沟：Ditch; pit60．水沟障碍：Water-jump61．水沟带树篱障碍：Water jump with hedge花式骑术62．初级花式骑术：Elementary training; Campagne63．高级花式骑术：grand dressage; high school; haut ecole 64．立定：Attention65．前肢起扬：Levade; pesade66．后肢直立：Rear67．昂首跳步：Jigging68．原地快步：Trot in place69．斜横步：Two-track; half-pass; appuyer70．巴沙基；高级快报：Passage71．西班牙舞步；高级慢步：Spanish walk72．琵阿斐；原地高级步：Piaffe73．跳跃：Gambado75．原地腾跃：Capriole76．直立腾跃：Curvet; courbette77．旋转：Pivot78．后肢旋转：Pivot on the quarters; pirouette79．前肢旋转：Pivot on the forehand80．半旋转：Caracole81．后肢半旋转：Half-pirouette82．环骑：Volt(e)83．转圈（直径超过6米）：Circle84．8字形：Eight; school figures赛马85．赛马：Horse race [racing]86．大赛马：Derby87．平地赛马（无障碍物）：Flat race88．有奖赛马：Stakes race89．让步赛马：Handicap; allowance race90．负重减量：Alloance91．附加重量：Impost92．根据马匹年龄和赛程而附加的重量：Weight-for-age 93．轻驾车赛：Hharness racing94．同时到达终点：dead heat95．领先一头的距离：head96．落选的马：also-ran马球运动97．马球运动：polo98．马球运动员：polo player; poloist99．马球队：quartet100．局：chukker101．前锋：forward102．前卫：halfback103．后卫：back104．球门裁判：goal umpire105．判胜一球：penalty goal106．原地罚球：free hit107．得球：right of way108．球行线：line of ball109．挤出球行线：ride off the ball110．向前击球：forestroke111．向后击球：backstroke112．右侧向前击球：offside forehand113．右侧向后击球：offside backhand114．左侧向前击球：nearside forehand115．左侧向后击球：nearside backhand116．马球杆：mallet; polo-stick赌马117．赌马：gamble [bet] on horses118．赌博者：gambler; bettor; horse player119．登记赌注者：bookmaker; bookie120．赌注：bet; stake121．赔率：odds122．同注分彩赌博：parimutuel123．赛马内情简报：dope-[tip-]-sheet骑术124．骑术：art of riding; horsemanship; equestrianism; equestrian skill; equitation; jockeyship125．无鞍骑乘：ride bareback126．上马：get up; mount127．帮助上马：leg up128．下马：dismount129．骑坐姿势：riding posture; seat130．身体重心居中的骑坐姿势：park seat131．前倾骑坐：forward [balanced; hunting; modern; military] seat132．极度前倾骑坐：jockey seat133．古典骑坐姿势：academic [classical] seat134．顺随马的动作：go with the horse135．扶助指挥：aid136．自然扶助：natural aid; authorized assistance137．人工扶助：artificial aid; unauthorized assistance138．控缰：draw the rein139．开控缰：leading [opening] rein140．颈上控缰：bearing [neck] rein141．反向直控缰：direct rein of opposition142．强力控缰：heavy-handed; mutton-fisted143．轻控缰绳：light-handed144．控马：collect a horse145．控马后退：rein back146．停住：halt147．控缰主导腿：active leg148．控缰支撑腿：passive leg149．落马：fall from the horse; come a cropper步法150．步法[态]：gait151．自然步法：collected [natural] gait152．人工步（包括慢跑步、侧对步、破侧对步）：artificial gait 153．侧[横]步：sidestep154．慢步：walk; short pace; jog trot155．自由慢步：free walk156．短慢步：short walk157．跑慢步：running walk158．侧对步：amble; pace; on the diagonal 159．慢侧对步：slow gait; stepping pace160．破[花]侧对步：broken amble; rack; single foot 161．快步：trot162．狐[小快]步：foxtrot163．骑手稳坐马鞍的小跑：sitting trot164．骑手随马起伏的小跑：rising trot165．慢快步：collected trot166．平稳快步：square trot167．缩短快步：slow trot168．慢跑步：canter; slow pace; hand gallop 169．普通慢快跑：ordinary canter170．大步慢跑：lope171．反常跑步：counter canter; false lead 172．飞奔；疾驰：gallop173．袭步：full [running] gallop174．狂奔：bolt; take the bit175．伸长步法：extended gait176．缩短步法：shortened gait177．碎步：choppy stride178．乱步：disunited gait179．两个蹄音的步法：two-beat gait180．三个蹄音的步法：three-beat gait181．四个蹄音的步法：four-beat gait182．善于五种步法的：five-gaited183．简单换步：simple change of legs184．空中换腿：flying change of legs马匹185．马：horse186．额毛：forelock187．马体前部：forequarters; front quarters188．马鬃：mane; crest189．马肩隆：withers190．马背：horseback191．颈础：base of neck192．脊背：back193．腹部：belly; abdomen; barrel194．胁：blank195．臀部：haunch; hind quarters; rump; croup(e); crump; crupper 196．前肢：forefoot; front foot; arm197．左前肢：left fore198．右前肢：right fore199．后肢：hind leg200．左后肢：left fore201．右前肢：right hind202．斜对肢：diagonal pair of legs 203．飞[跗关]节：hock204．胫：shank; gaskin; second thigh 205．距毛；球节：fetlock206．系部：pastern207．蹄：hoof; foot208．品种：breed209．谱系：pedigree210．纯种马：purebred; bloodstock 211．英纯种马：thoroughbred212．阿拉伯马：Arab (horse); Arabian horse 213．非纯种的：cold-blooded214．混血马：half-bred215．母马：mare; dam216．母驹（5岁以下）：filly217．公驹（5岁以下）：colt218．1-2岁的幼驹：yearling219．2-4岁的马：futurity220. 种马：stud horse221. 骟马：castrated horse; gelding222. 比赛用马：race horse; racer; bangtail; oat-burner 223. 盛装舞步马：dressagehorse224. 障碍赛用马：(show) jumper225. 越野障碍赛用马：chaser; hunter226. 球赛马：polo pony227. 轻挽马：harness horse228. 骑乘马：riding [saddle] horse; hackney; saddler229. 体形：conformation; quality230. 受衔姿势：collection231. 特征：marking; peculiarity232. 性格：disposition; temperament233. 敏感性：responsiveness234. 易惊的：shy; flighty; skittish235. 见人受惊的：manshy236. 易受惊的马：shyer237. 驯服性：obedience; suppleness; acceptance to the bridle 238. 受衔的：light-mouthed239. 不让装勒的：headshy240. 不服马嚼子的马：puller241. 易于驾驭的：light in hand242. 难驾驭的：reative243. 不驯从的：disobedient244. 难驯的马：bucking bronco; outlaw 245. 弓背跳起（企图摔下骑手）：buck jump 246. 将骑手摔下来：throw [unseat] the rider 马具247. 马具：harness; tackle; horse gear 248. 口套；鼻笼：muzzle249. 嚼子；口衔：bit250. 马眼罩：blinders; blinkers; winkers 251. 头勒：halter; headstall252. 顶革：headpiece; head strap253. 低头革：martingale254. 颊革：cheek piece [strap]255. 颈革：neck strap256. 鼻革：noseband257. 马肚带：girth; cinch; surcingle258. 缰绳：rein259. 控制缰：checkrein260. 鞍具：saddlery261. 马鞍：saddle262. 花式骑术马鞍：dressage saddle263. 鞍座：seat264. 前鞍桥：saddle bow; pommel265. 后鞍桥：high bow; cantle266. 鞍垫：saddle blanket [pad]267. 鞍布：saddle cloth268. 马刺：spur269. 马镫：stirrup270. 马蹄铁：horseshoe271. 烙印：brand场地272. 跑[赛]马场：(race) course; turf273. 大跑马场：park274. 马球场：polo field275. 赛马跑道：race track; racing strip276. 障碍赛马跑道：steeplechase course277. 8字形障碍赛跑道：figure-of-eight track 278. 花式骑术赛场：arena for dressage competition 279. 赛前鞍具着装场：paddock280. 准备活动区：warming-up area281. 出发门：(starting) gate282. 起跑位置：post position283. 起跑线：starting line284. 起跑屏障：barrier285. 起跑柱：starting post286. 终点线：finish line287. 终点柱：finish post288. 裁判台：judge box289. 标志旗：marking flag骑手装备290. 骑装：jockey dress [suit]; riding costume 291. 女骑装：riding habit292. 骑马裤：(riding) breeches; jodhpurs 293. 轻便鸭舌帽：jockey cap294. 骑手手套：riding glove295. 长[防护]手套：gauntlet296. 马靴：riding [high] boot297. 马鞭：(riding) whip; horsewhip; crop 298. 赛马鞭子：racing bat饲养与调教299. 养马场：breeding farm300. 种马饲养场：stud(farm)301. 马房[厩]：stable302. 单间马房：stall; box303. 牲口棚：shed304. 草荐：litter305. 饲料：fodder; forage306. 饲槽：feed box; feeding trough307. 刷马：curry308. 马刷：body [horse] brush309. 兽医检查：veterinary examination 310. 调教：break; school311. 未经调教的马：unbroken horse; bronco 312. 经过调教的马：broken horse313. 调教场：lunge; longe314. 调教竿：rapping pole。

西方文明史术语(罗马)

Etruscan英[ɪ'trʌskən] 美[ɪ'trʌskən] n.伊特鲁里亚人Latium [历史]拉丁姆(古意大利罗马东南地区)pastoral英[ˈpɑ:stərəl] 美[ˈpæstərəl] adj.牧师的，主教的;urbanization英[ˌɜ:bənaɪ'zeɪʃn] 美[ˌɜ:bənaɪ'zeɪʃn] n.都市化Romulus英[ˈrɔmjuləs] 美[ˈrɑmjələs] n.<罗神>罗穆卢斯（战神Mars之子）罗慕路斯（Romulus，约前771年出生，约前717年逝世）与雷穆斯（Remus，约前771年出生，约前753年逝世）是罗马神话中罗马市的奠基人。

在罗马神话中他们是一对双生子。

Remus英[ˈri:məs] 美[ˈriməs] n.<罗神>瑞摩斯（战神Mars之子）patrician英[pəˈtrɪʃn] 美[pəˈtrɪʃən] adj.贵族的n.贵族;有教养的plebeian英[pləˈbi:ən] 美[plɪˈbiən] n.平民;庶民;consul英[ˈkɒnsl] 美[ˈkɑ:nsl] n.领事;assembly英[əˈsembli] 美[əˈsɛmbli] n.装配;集会senate英[ˈsenət] 美[ˈsɛnɪt] n.元老院executive officer英[ɪgˈzekjətɪv] 美[ɪɡˈzɛkjətɪv] n.总经理;行政部门-praetor英['pri:tə] 美['pri:tə] n.执政官，长官quaestor英['kwi:stə] 美['kwestə] n.刑事推事，主管财务官吏tribune英[ˈtrɪbju:n] 美['trɪbju:n] n.论坛;（古罗马）护民官;民众领袖;confederation英[kənˌfedəˈreɪʃn] 美[kənˌfɛdəˈreʃən] n.联盟;结盟;同盟国Carthage英[ˈkɑ:θidʒ] 美[ˈkɑrθɪdʒ] n.迦太基（非洲北部，今突尼斯的奴隶制城邦，腓尼基人所建，公元146年被罗马帝国所灭，见Punic Wars）captive英[ˈkæptɪv] 美[ˈkæptɪv] n.战俘，俘虏;被the Twelve Tables十二铜表法也叫十二表法，是古罗马国家立法的纪念碑，也是最早的罗马法文献。

奥运会比赛项目的英文名称

奥运会⽐赛项⽬的英⽂名称奥运会⽐赛项⽬的英⽂名称 Archery--- 射箭 Athletics--- ⽥径 Badminton--- ⽻⽑球 Baseball--- 棒球 Basketball ---篮球 Boxing--- 拳击 Canoeing ---赛艇 Cycling ---⾃⾏车 Equestrian--- 马术 Fencing--- 击剑 Football--- ⾜球 Gymnastics--- 体操 Handball--- ⼿球 Hockey--- 曲棍球 Martial Arts ---武术 Modern Pentathlon ---现代五项全能 Rowing ---划船 Sailing ---帆船 Shooting--- 射击 Softball ---垒球 Swimming ---游泳 Table Tennis ---乒乓球 Tennis--- ⽹球 Triathlon ---三项全能 Volleyball ---排球 Weightlifting ---举重 Wrestling ---摔跤 10m air rifle ---10⽶⽓步枪 10m air pistol ---10⽶⽓ balance beam--- 平衡⽊ high-low bar ---⾼低杠 horizontal bar ---单杠 parallel bar ---双杠 platform diving ---跳台跳⽔ pole jump ---撑杆跳 pommel horse ---鞍马 the back stoke ---仰泳 the breaststroke ---蛙泳 the free style ---⾃由泳 butterfly--- 蝶泳 individual medley ---个⼈混合泳 freestyle relay ---⾃由泳接⼒ medley relay ---混合泳接⼒ Water polo ---⽔球 Diving ---跳⽔ triple jump ---三级跳远 acrobatic gymnastics---技巧运动 athletics/track & field---⽥径 beach---海滩 boat race---赛艇 bobsleigh， bobsled---雪橇 boxing---拳击 canoe slalom---激流划船 canoe---赛艇 chess---象棋 cricket---板球 cycling---⾃⾏车 diving---跳⽔ downhill race---速降滑雪赛，滑降 dragon-boat racing---赛龙船 dressage---盛装舞步 equestrian---骑马 fencing---击剑 figure skating---花样滑冰 football（英语）/soccer（美语）---⾜球 freestyle----⾃由式 gliding； sailplaning---滑翔运动 golf----⾼尔夫球 Greece-Roman wrestling----古典式摔跤 gymnastic apparatus----体操器械 gymnastics----体操 handball-----⼿球 hockey----曲棍球 hold， lock-----揪钮 horizontal bar-----单杠 hurdles； hurdle race----跨栏⽐赛 huttlecock kicking---踢毽⼦ ice skating---滑冰 indoor---室内 item Archery---箭术 judo---柔道 jumping----障碍 kayak----⽪划艇 mat exercises---垫上运动 modern pentathlon---现代五项运动 mountain bike---⼭地车 parallel bars---双杠 polo---马球 qigong； breathing exercises---⽓功 relative work---造型跳伞 relay race； relay---接⼒ rings----吊环 roller skating----滑旱冰 rowing-----划船 rugby---橄榄球 sailing--帆船 shooting---射击 side horse， pommelled horse---鞍马 ski jump---跳⾼滑雪 ski jumping competition---跳⾼滑雪⽐赛 ski---滑雪板 skiing---滑雪 slalom---障碍滑雪 softball---垒球 surfing---冲浪 swimming----游泳 table tennis---乒乓球 taekwondo---跆拳道 tennis----⽹球 toxophily---射箭 track---赛道 trampoline---蹦床 trapeze---秋千 triathlon---铁⼈三项 tug-of-war---拔河 volleyball---排球 badminton---⽻⽑球 baseball---棒球 basketball---篮球 walking； walking race---竞⾛ wall bars---肋⽊ water polo----⽔球 weightlifting ---举重 weights ---重量级 winter sports -----冬季运动 wrestling --- 摔交 yacht --- 游艇 Men's 10m Platform ---男⼦10⽶跳台 Women's Taekwondo Over 67kg ---⼥⼦67公⽄级以上跆拳道 Women's Athletics 20km Walk ---⼥⼦20公⾥竟⾛ Men's Diving Synchronized 3m Springboard ---男⼦3⽶跳板 Women's Diving 3m Springboard ---⼥⼦3⽶跳板 Women's Diving Synchronized 10m Platform ---⼥⼦10⽶跳台 Men's Wrestling Greco-Roman 58kg ---男⼦58公⽄古典摔交 Men's Diving 3m Springboard ---男⼦3⽶跳板 Men's Artistic Gymnastics Parallel Bars ---竞技体操男⼦双杠 Women's Artistic Gymnastics Beam ---竞技体操⼥⼦⾃由体操 Men's Table Tennis Singles ---男⼦乒乓单打 Women's Diving 10m Platform ---⼥⼦10⽶跳台 Women's Artistic Gymnastics Uneven Bars ---竞技体操⼥⼦跳马 Women's Table Tennis Singles ---⼥⼦乒乓单打 Men's Badminton Singles ---男⼦⽻⽑球单打 Women's Badminton Doubles ---⼥⼦⽻⽑球双打 Men's Diving Synchronized 10m Platform--- 跳⽔男⼦10⽶跳台 Women's Diving Synchronized 3m Springboard ---跳⽔⼥⼦3⽶跳板 Men's Table Tennis Doubles ---男⼦乒乓球双打 Women's Badminton Singles ---⼥⼦⽻⽑球单打 Men's Fencing Team Foil ---击剑男⼦团体花剑 Women's Judo Heavyweight +78kg ---柔道⼥⼦重量级78公⽄ Men's Shooting 10m Running Target--- 射击男⼦10⽶移动靶 Women's Shooting 25m Pistol ---射击⼥⼦25⽶运动 Women's Table Tennis Doubles ---⼥⼦乒乓球双打 Men's Weightlifting 77kg ---举重男⼦77公⽄级抓举 Women's Weightlifting 75+ kg ---举重⼥⼦75公⽄以上级抓举 Mixed Badminton Doubles ---⽻⽑球男⼦双打 Women's Artistic Gymnastics All-Around Finals ---竞技体操⼥⼦个⼈全能决赛 Women's Judo Half-Heavywt 78kg ---⼥⼦次重量级78公⽄级柔道 Men's Artistic Gymnastics All-Around Finals ---竞技体操男⼦个⼈全能 Women's Fencing Team Epee ---击剑⼥⼦团体重剑 Women's Artistic Gymnastics Team Finals--- 竞技体操⼥⼦团体 Women's Judo Half-Middlewt 63kg ---⼥⼦次中量级63公⽄级柔道 Women's Weightlifting 63kg ---⼥⼦63公⽄级挺举举重 Women's Weightlifting 69kg ---⼥⼦69公⽄级抓举举重 Men's Artistic Gymnastics Team Finals ---男⼦团体竞技体操 Men's Shooting 10m Air Rifle ---射击男⼦10⽶⽓步枪 Women's Shooting Trap ---射击⼥⼦多向飞碟 Women's Weightlifting 53kg ---举重⼥⼦53公⽄级抓举 Women's Judo Half-Lightwt 52kg ---⼥⼦次轻量级52公⽄柔道 Women's Shooting 10m Air Pistol ---⼥⼦10⽶汽枪 Women's Cycling Track 500m Time Trial--- 运动场⾃⾏车赛⼥⼦500⽶计时赛 Men's Shooting 10m Air Pistol ---男⼦10⽶⽓ Women's Shooting 10m Air Rifle ---⼥⼦10⽶⽓步枪 Men's Weightlifting 56kg ---男⼦56公⽄级挺举Aquatics(Since 1896) ⽔上运动 Diving 跳⽔ 10m platform Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦10⽶跳台3m springboard Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦3⽶跳板 Synchronized diving 10mplatform Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦双⼈10⽶跳台 Synchronized diving 3mspringboard Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦双⼈3⽶跳板 Swimming 游泳 100mbackstroke Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦100⽶仰泳100m breaststroke Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦100⽶蛙泳100m butterfly Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦100⽶蝶泳100m freestyle Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦100⽶⾃由泳1500m freestyle Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦1500⽶⾃由泳200m backstroke Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦200⽶仰泳200m breaststroke Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦200⽶蛙泳200mbutterfly Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦200⽶蝶泳200m freestyle Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦200⽶⾃由泳200m individual medley Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦200⽶个⼈混合泳400m freestyle Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦400⽶⾃由泳400m individual medley Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦400⽶个⼈混合泳4x100m freestyle relay Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦4x100⽶⾃由泳接⼒赛4x100m medleyrelay Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦4x100⽶混合泳接⼒赛4x200m freestyle relay Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦4x200⽶⾃由泳接⼒赛50m freestyle Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦50⽶⾃由泳Marathon10km Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦10公⾥马拉松游泳（公开⽔域） Synchronized Swimming 花样游泳 Duet Women ⼥⼦双⼈Team Women ⼥⼦团体 Water Polo ⽔球 Waterpolo Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦⽔球 Archery(since 1900) 箭术 Individual (FITA 国际箭联 Olympic round - 70m) Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦个⼈Team (FITA Olympic round - 70m) Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦团体 Athletics(since 1896) 竞技 Track events 径赛 Sprints 短跑 100m Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦100⽶ 200m Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦200⽶ 400 men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦400⽶ Middle-distance running 中长跑 800m Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦800⽶ 1500 Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦1500⽶ Long-distance running 长跑 5000m Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦5000⽶ 10000mMen/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦10000⽶ Hurdling 跨栏 110m hurdles Men 男⼦110⽶栏 100m hurdles Women ⼥⼦100⽶栏 400m hurdles Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦400⽶栏 Relays 接⼒赛4x100m relay Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦4x100⽶接⼒4x400m relay Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦4x400⽶接⼒ 3000m steeplechase 3000m障碍赛 3000m steeplechase Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦3000⽶障碍赛 Field events ⽥赛 Long jump Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦跳远 Triplejump Men/Women 男⼦⼥⼦三级跳远 High jump Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦跳⾼ Pole vaultMen/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦撑杆跳 Shot put Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦铅球 Discus throw Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦铁饼 Javelin throw Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦标枪 Hammer throw Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦链球 Road events 公路赛 Marathon Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦马拉松 20km race walk Men 男⼦20公⾥竞⾛50km race walk Men 男⼦50公⾥竞⾛10km race walk Women ⼥⼦10公⾥竞⾛Combined events 混合竞赛项⽬ Decathlon Men 男⼦⼗项全能 Heptathlon Women ⼥⼦七项全能 Badminton(since 1992) ⽻⽑球 Doubles Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦双打Singles Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦单打Doubles Mixed 混合双打 Baseball(Since 1992) 棒球 Baseball Men 男⼦棒球（为什么没⼥的？？） Basketball(since 1936) Basketball Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦篮球Boxing(since 1904) 拳击 - 48kg (light-flyweight) Men 48公⽄级（体重在48公⽄以下，包括48公⽄）48 - 51kg (flyweight) Men 51公⽄级（体重在48公⽄以上，51公⽄以下）51 - 54kg (bantamweight) Men 54公⽄级（体重在51公⽄以上，54公⽄以下）54 - 57kg (featherweight) Men 57公⽄级（体重在54公⽄以上，57公⽄以下）57 - 60kg (lightweight) Men 60公⽄级（体重在57公⽄以上，60公⽄以下）60 - 64 kg Men 64公⽄级（体重在60公⽄以上，64公⽄以下）64 - 69 kg Men 69公⽄级（体重在64公⽄以上，69公⽄以下）69 - 75 kg Men 75公⽄级（体重在69公⽄以上，75公⽄以下）75 - 81kg (light-heavyweight 重轻量级) Men 81公⽄级（体重在48公⽄以上，51公⽄以下）81 - 91kg (heavyweight 重量级) Men 91公⽄级（体重在81公⽄以上，91公⽄以下）+ 91kg (super heavyweight 超重量级) Men 男⼦+ 91公⽄级（体重在91公⽄以上） Canoe（划艇）/ Kayak（⽪艇）(since 1936) ⽪划艇 Canoe/Kayak Flatwater ⽪划艇静⽔ C-1 1000m (canoe single) Men 男⼦1000⽶单⼈划艇C-1 500m (canoe single) Men 男⼦500⽶单⼈划艇C-2 1000m (canoe double) Men 男⼦1000⽶双⼈划艇C-2500m (canoe double) Men 男⼦500⽶双⼈划艇K-1 1000m (kayak single) Men 男⼦1000⽶单⼈⽪艇K-1 500m (kayak single) Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦500⽶单⼈⽪艇K-2 1000m (kayak double) Men 男⼦1000⽶双⼈⽪艇K-2 500m (kayak double) Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦500⽶双⼈⽪艇K-4 1000m (kayak four) Men 男⼦1000⽶四⼈⽪艇 K-4 500m (kayak four) Women ⼥⼦500⽶四⼈⽪艇 Canoe/Kayak Slalom ⽪划艇激流回旋 C-1 (canoe single) Men 男⼦单⼈划艇C-2 (canoe double) Men 男⼦双⼈划艇K-1 (kayak single) Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦单⼈⽪艇Cycling(since 1896) ⾃⾏车 Cycling BMX ⼩轮车赛 Individual Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦个⼈Cycling Road 公路⾃⾏车赛 Individual road race Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦个⼈Individual time trial Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦个⼈计时赛 Cycling Track 场地⾃⾏车赛 Individual PursuitMen/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦个⼈争先赛Keirin Men 男⼦凯林赛Madison Men 男⼦麦迪逊赛Olympic Sprint Men 男⼦场地赛Points Race Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦计分赛Sprint indivual Men 男⼦个⼈场地赛Team Pursuit (4000m) Men 男⼦4000⽶团体争先赛 Sprint Women ⼥⼦场地赛Mountain Bike ⼭地⾃⾏车赛 Cross-country Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦越野赛 Equestrian(Since 1900) 马术 Equestrian/Dressage 马术盛装舞步 Individual Mixed 个⼈混合Team Mixed 团体混合 Equestrian/Eventing 马术三项赛 Individual Mixed 个⼈混合 Team Mixed 团体混合Equestrian/Jumping 马术场地障碍 Mixed 混合赛Team Mixed 团体混合 Fencing（since 1896）击剑 épée individual Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦个⼈重剑épée team Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦团体重剑Foil individual Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦个⼈花剑Sabre individual Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦个⼈佩剑Sabre team Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦团体佩剑 Football(Since 1900)Football Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦⾜球 Gymnastics(since 1896) 体操 Artistic Gymnastics 竞技体操 Floor exercises Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦⾃由体操 Horizontal bar Men 男⼦单杠Individual all-round Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦个⼈全能Parallel bars Men 男⼦双杠Pommel horse Men 男⼦鞍马Rings Men 男⼦吊环Team competition Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦团体赛Vault Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦跳马 Balance beam Women ⼥⼦平衡⽊ Uneven bars Women ⼥⼦⾼低杠 Rhythmic Gymnastics 艺术体操 Group competition Women ⼥⼦团体竞赛Individual all-round Women ⼥⼦个⼈全能赛 Trampoline(Since )蹦床 Individual Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦个⼈Handball(Since 1936) ⼿球 Handball Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦⼿球 Hockey(Since 1908) 曲棍球 Hockey Men/Women 男⼦/⼥⼦曲棍球 Judo(Since 1964) 柔道 + 100kg (heavyweight) Men 男⼦100公⽄级- 60 kg Men 男⼦60公⽄级60 - 66kg (half-lightweight) Men 男⼦66公⽄级66 - 73kg (lightweight) Men 男⼦73公⽄级73 - 81kg (half-middleweight) Men 男⼦81公⽄级81 - 90kg (middleweight) Men 男⼦90公⽄级90 - 100kg (half-heavyweight) Men 男⼦100公⽄级+ 78kg (heavyweight) Women ⼥⼦78公⽄级- 48kg (extra-lightweight) Women ⼥⼦48公⽄级48 - 52kg (half-lightweight) Women ⼥⼦52公⽄级52 - 57kg (lightweight) Women ⼥⼦57公⽄级57 - 63kg (half-middleweight) Women ⼥⼦63公⽄级63 - 70kg (middleweight) Women ⼥⼦70公⽄级70 - 78kg (half-heavyweight) Women ⼥⼦78公⽄级。

马术运动常用英语词汇47436

马术运动常用英语词汇马术运动障碍赛花式骑术Equestrian人员障碍赛花式骑术赛马马球运动赌马步法马匹场地旗手装备饲养与调教1．马术运动：equestrian sport2．马术比赛：equestrian competition event3．障碍赛：hurdle race; (steeple) chase4．超越障碍赛： show jumping5．盛装舞步；花式骑术：dressage6．三日赛；综合全能马术比赛：three-day event; complete competitive examination of horsemanship7．花式骑术测验：dressage test8．越野耐力测验：endurance test9．超越障碍测验：jumping test10．跳跃障碍测验：Puissance11．马场超越障碍赛：Stadium jumping competition12．放牧人竞技会：Rodeo13．马上技巧：Mounted gymnastics14．马术学校：Riding school [academy]人员15．马术运动员；骑手：equestrian; equestrienne (女); horseman; horsewoman (女); rider; jockey16．障碍赛骑手：Show jumper17．盛装舞步骑手：Dressage rider18．驯马师：horse-breaker [-master; -trainer]; bronco-buster19．障碍赛裁判员：Obstacle judge20．检查员：Patrol judge21．跑道检查员：Clerk of the course22．赛马工作人员：Steward23．饲养员：groom；Stableman24．马掌工：Blacksmith; Farrier障碍赛25．越过障碍：Jump26．起跳：Take off27．飞跃：Fly28．飞越：Leap29．轻触障碍：Tick30．漏跳：Omit an obstacle31．拒跳：Ba(u)lk32．踌躇（跳障碍前收住脚步）：Dwell33．碰撞障碍：Knock down an obstacle34．绊跌：Stumble35．时间限制：Time limit36．障碍赛平分决胜：jump-off37．障碍：Obstacle; fence38．障碍宽度：Spread39．固定障碍：Solid obstacle40．简单障碍：Simple obstacle41．双重障碍：Double obstacles; in-and-out42．直立障碍：Vertical [straight] obstacle43．高宽混合障碍 high and broad obstacle44．平行杆障碍：Parallel poles45．双重平行杆障碍：Double parallel poles46．三重障碍：Triple bars47．平行三重障碍：Triple parallel bars48．木栅障碍：Railing; paling; Oxer; bars; post and rail obstacles 49．单栏障碍：Simple oxer50．蛇形木栅障碍：Snake fence51．宽围栏障碍：Spread fence52．屋顶形障碍：Chicken coop53．低墙障碍；土堤：Bank; knoll54．石墙障碍：Stone wall55．树篱障碍：Hedge; bullfinch56．窄篱[墙]障碍：Narrow stile57．篱沟障碍：Ditch and hedge58．树篱与木栅障碍：Brush and rails59．沟：Ditch; pit60．水沟障碍：Water-jump61．水沟带树篱障碍：Water jump with hedge花式骑术62．初级花式骑术：Elementary training; Campagne63．高级花式骑术：grand dressage; high school; haut ecole 64．立定：Attention65．前肢起扬：Levade; pesade66．后肢直立：Rear67．昂首跳步：Jigging68．原地快步：Trot in place69．斜横步：Two-track; half-pass; appuyer70．巴沙基；高级快报：Passage71．西班牙舞步；高级慢步：Spanish walk72．琵阿斐；原地高级步：Piaffe73．跳跃：Gambado75．原地腾跃：Capriole76．直立腾跃：Curvet; courbette77．旋转：Pivot78．后肢旋转：Pivot on the quarters; pirouette79．前肢旋转：Pivot on the forehand80．半旋转：Caracole81．后肢半旋转：Half-pirouette82．环骑：Volt(e)83．转圈（直径超过6米）：Circle84．8字形：Eight; school figures赛马85．赛马：Horse race [racing]86．大赛马：Derby87．平地赛马（无障碍物）：Flat race88．有奖赛马：Stakes race89．让步赛马：Handicap; allowance race90．负重减量：Alloance91．附加重量：Impost92．根据马匹年龄和赛程而附加的重量：Weight-for-age93．轻驾车赛：Hharness racing94．同时到达终点：dead heat95．领先一头的距离：head96．落选的马：also-ran97．马球运动：polo98．马球运动员：polo player; poloist99．马球队：quartet100．局：chukker101．前锋：forward102．前卫：halfback103．后卫：back104．球门裁判：goal umpire105．判胜一球：penalty goal106．原地罚球：free hit107．得球：right of way108．球行线：line of ball109．挤出球行线：ride off the ball110．向前击球：forestroke111．向后击球：backstroke112．右侧向前击球：offside forehand113．右侧向后击球：offside backhand114．左侧向前击球：nearside forehand115．左侧向后击球：nearside backhand116．马球杆：mallet; polo-stick117．赌马：gamble [bet] on horses118．赌博者：gambler; bettor; horse player119．登记赌注者：bookmaker; bookie120．赌注：bet; stake121．赔率：odds122．同注分彩赌博：parimutuel123．赛马内情简报：dope-[tip-]-sheet骑术124．骑术：art of riding; horsemanship; equestrianism; equestrian skill; equitation; jockeyship125．无鞍骑乘：ride bareback126．上马：get up; mount127．帮助上马：leg up128．下马：dismount129．骑坐姿势：riding posture; seat130．身体重心居中的骑坐姿势：park seat131．前倾骑坐：forward [balanced; hunting; modern; military] seat132．极度前倾骑坐：jockey seat133．古典骑坐姿势：academic [classical] seat134．顺随马的动作：go with the horse135．扶助指挥：aid136．自然扶助：natural aid; authorized assistance137．人工扶助：artificial aid; unauthorized assistance 138．控缰：draw the rein139．开控缰：leading [opening] rein140．颈上控缰：bearing [neck] rein141．反向直控缰：direct rein of opposition142．强力控缰：heavy-handed; mutton-fisted143．轻控缰绳：light-handed144．控马：collect a horse145．控马后退：rein back146．停住：halt147．控缰主导腿：active leg148．控缰支撑腿：passive leg149．落马：fall from the horse; come a cropper150．步法 [态]：gait151．自然步法：collected [natural] gait152．人工步（包括慢跑步、侧对步、破侧对步）：artificial gait 153．侧[横]步：sidestep154．慢步：walk; short pace; jog trot155．自由慢步：free walk156．短慢步：short walk157．跑慢步：running walk158．侧对步：amble; pace; on the diagonal159．慢侧对步：slow gait; stepping pace160．破[花]侧对步：broken amble; rack; single foot161．快步：trot162．狐[小快]步：foxtrot163．骑手稳坐马鞍的小跑：sitting trot164．骑手随马起伏的小跑：rising trot165．慢快步：collected trot166．平稳快步：square trot167．缩短快步：slow trot168．慢跑步：canter; slow pace; hand gallop169．普通慢快跑：ordinary canter170．大步慢跑：lope171．反常跑步：counter canter; false lead172．飞奔；疾驰：gallop173．袭步：full [running] gallop174．狂奔：bolt; take the bit175．伸长步法：extended gait176．缩短步法：shortened gait177．碎步：choppy stride178．乱步：disunited gait179．两个蹄音的步法：two-beat gait180．三个蹄音的步法：three-beat gait181．四个蹄音的步法：four-beat gait182．善于五种步法的：five-gaited183．简单换步：simple change of legs184．空中换腿：flying change of legs马匹185．马：horse186．额毛：forelock187．马体前部：forequarters; front quarters188．马鬃：mane; crest189．马肩隆：withers190．马背：horseback191．颈础：base of neck192．脊背：back193．腹部：belly; abdomen; barrel194．胁：blank195．臀部：haunch; hind quarters; rump; croup(e); crump; crupper 196．前肢：forefoot; front foot; arm197．左前肢：left fore198．右前肢：right fore199．后肢：hind leg200．左后肢：left fore201．右前肢：right hind202．斜对肢：diagonal pair of legs203．飞[跗关]节：hock204．胫：shank; gaskin; second thigh205．距毛；球节：fetlock206．系部：pastern207．蹄：hoof; foot208．品种：breed209．谱系：pedigree210．纯种马：purebred; bloodstock211．英纯种马：thoroughbred212．阿拉伯马：Arab (horse); Arabian horse213．非纯种的：cold-blooded214．混血马：half-bred215．母马：mare; dam216．母驹（5岁以下）：filly217．公驹（5岁以下）：colt218．1-2岁的幼驹：yearling219．2-4岁的马：futurity220. 种马：stud horse221. 骟马：castrated horse; gelding222. 比赛用马：race horse; racer; bangtail; oat-burner223. 盛装舞步马：dressage horse224. 障碍赛用马：(show) jumper225. 越野障碍赛用马：chaser; hunter226. 球赛马：polo pony227. 轻挽马：harness horse228. 骑乘马：riding [saddle] horse; hackney; saddler229. 体形：conformation; quality230. 受衔姿势：collection231. 特征：marking; peculiarity232. 性格：disposition; temperament233. 敏感性：responsiveness234. 易惊的：shy; flighty; skittish235. 见人受惊的：manshy236. 易受惊的马：shyer237. 驯服性：obedience; suppleness; acceptance to the bridle 238. 受衔的：light-mouthed239. 不让装勒的：headshy240. 不服马嚼子的马：puller241. 易于驾驭的：light in hand242. 难驾驭的：reative243. 不驯从的：disobedient244. 难驯的马：bucking bronco; outlaw245. 弓背跳起（企图摔下骑手）：buck jump246. 将骑手摔下来：throw [unseat] the rider247. 马具：harness; tackle; horse gear248. 口套；鼻笼：muzzle249. 嚼子；口衔：bit250. 马眼罩：blinders; blinkers; winkers251. 头勒：halter; headstall252. 顶革：headpiece; head strap253. 低头革：martingale254. 颊革：cheek piece [strap]255. 颈革：neck strap256. 鼻革：noseband257. 马肚带：girth; cinch; surcingle258. 缰绳：rein259. 控制缰：checkrein260. 鞍具：saddlery261. 马鞍：saddle262. 花式骑术马鞍：dressage saddle263. 鞍座：seat264. 前鞍桥：saddle bow; pommel265. 后鞍桥：high bow; cantle266. 鞍垫：saddle blanket [pad]267. 鞍布：saddle cloth268. 马刺：spur269. 马镫：stirrup270. 马蹄铁：horseshoe271. 烙印：brand272. 跑[赛]马场：(race) course; turf273. 大跑马场：park274. 马球场：polo field275. 赛马跑道：race track; racing strip276. 障碍赛马跑道：steeplechase course277. 8字形障碍赛跑道：figure-of-eight track 278. 花式骑术赛场：arena for dressage competition 279. 赛前鞍具着装场：paddock280. 准备活动区：warming-up area281. 出发门：(starting) gate282. 起跑位置：post position283. 起跑线：starting line284. 起跑屏障：barrier285. 起跑柱：starting post286. 终点线：finish line287. 终点柱：finish post288. 裁判台：judge box289. 标志旗：marking flag骑手装备290. 骑装：jockey dress [suit]; riding costume291. 女骑装：riding habit292. 骑马裤：(riding) breeches; jodhpurs293. 轻便鸭舌帽：jockey cap294. 骑手手套：riding glove295. 长[防护]手套：gauntlet296. 马靴：riding [high] boot297. 马鞭：(riding) whip; horsewhip; crop298. 赛马鞭子：racing bat饲养与调教299. 养马场：breeding farm300. 种马饲养场：stud(farm)301. 马房[厩]：stable302. 单间马房：stall; box303. 牲口棚：shed304. 草荐：litter305. 饲料：fodder; forage306. 饲槽：feed box; feeding trough307. 刷马：curry308. 马刷：body [horse] brush309. 兽医检查：veterinary examination310. 调教：break; school311. 未经调教的马：unbroken horse; bronco312. 经过调教的马：broken horse313. 调教场：lunge; longe314. 调教竿：rapping pole315.halt：立定316.pony：矮马317.stallon ：公马318.mare：母马319.gelding：骟马320.foal:马驹321.colt：公驹322.filly：母驹320.siting trot：快步321.rising trot：轻快步322.Canter：跑步323.袭步gollop324.後退rein back325. 姿势position326. 白星white star327. 教练员instructor328. 唇白snip330. 细流星stripe331. 广流星blaze332. 比赛competition333. 白脸white face334.鞍垫numnah335. 蹄冠白ermine336. 调教索lunge rein337. 球节白sock338. 马靴boots339. 管白stocking340. 马裤breeches341. 表色马grey342. 调教笼头cavesson344. 场地骑乘working on the flat 345. 骝毛马bay346. 场障碍jumping347. 银鬃palomino348. 盛装舞步dressage349. 金栗chestnut350. 斜换里怀chang the flat351. 转一圈turn a circle352. 兔褐dun353. 脱蹬your feets out of the stirrups 354. 断流星snip and star355. 蛇形骑乘serpentingloops356.项部poll357. 马刺spurs358. 冠状部颈上有鬃毛处crest359. 鞭子whip360. 耆甲withers361. 鞍具tack362. 水勒bridle363.腰角lions364.马鞍saddle365.後腿（后三肌）quarters366.缰绳reins367. 臀部croup368.衔铁bit369.马尾tail370. 咽喉革throatlash371.唇（上、下）muzzli372. 顶革headpiece373.肩point of shoulder374.额革browband375. 胸brest376.颊革cheek piece377.肘（前）elbow378.鼻革nose band379.前臂forearm380. 膝knee381. 脚後跟向下heels down 382.球节（生距毛处）fetlock joint383. 飞结chestnut384.半减却half halt385胫部cannon bone387.蹄冠coronet388.内方inside389.蹄hoof390. 外方outside391. 腰腹部（肚带部位）girth。

奥运会所有项目的英文说法

奥运会所有项目的英文说法来源：王涛的日志Archery 射箭Athletics 田径Badminton 羽毛球Baseball 棒球Basketball 篮球Boxing 拳击Canoeing 皮划艇Cycling 自行车Diving 跳水Equestrian 马术Fencing 击剑Field hockey 曲棍球Football (soccer) 足球Gymnastics 体操Handball 手球Judo 柔道Modern pentathlon 现代五项Rowing 赛艇Sailing 帆船Shooting 射击Softball 垒球Swimming 游泳Synchronized swimming 花样游泳Table tennis 乒乓球Taekwondo 跆拳道Tennis 网球Triathlon 铁人三项Volleyball 排球Water polo 水球Weightlifting 举重Wrestling 摔跤Aquatics（水上运动）:Swimming 游泳freestyle 自由泳backstroke 仰泳breaststroke 蛙泳butterfly 蝶泳individual medley 个人混合泳freestyle relay 自由泳接力medley relay 混合泳接力Water polo 水球Diving 跳水10m platform event 十米跳台3m springboard event 三米跳板synchronised diving from 10 m platform 双人十米跳台synchronised diving from 3 m springboard 双人三米跳板Synchronised swimming 花样游泳Archery（射箭）:Individual events 个人赛Team events 团体赛Athletics（田径):Track 径赛100米，200米，400米800米，1500米，5,000米，10,000米110米栏，400米栏3000米障碍赛4×100米接力，4×400米接力Jumping 跳跃high jump 跳高pole vault 撑杆跳高long jump 跳远triple jump 三级跳远Throwing 投掷shot put 推铅球discus 掷铁饼hammer 掷链球javelin 标枪Decathlon 男子十项全能Heptathlon 女子七项全能Road events 公路赛marathon 马拉松walk 竞走Ball Games（球类运动）: Badminton 羽毛球men's singles 男子单打women's singles 女子单打men's doubles 男子双打women's doubles 女子双打mixed doubles 混合双打Baseball 棒球Basketball 篮球Football 足球Handball 手球Hockey / Field Hockey 曲棍球Softball 垒球Table Tennis 乒乓球Tennis 网球Volleyball 排球Beach Volleyball 沙滩排球Cycling（自行车）:Road cycling 公路自行车赛Track cycling 场地自行车赛sprint 追逐赛time trial 计时赛points race 计分赛pursuit 争先赛Mountain bike 山地自行车赛Equestrian（马术）: Jumping 障碍赛Dressage 盛装舞步Eventing 三日赛Fencing（击剑）:Foil 花剑Epee 重剑Sabre 佩剑Gymnastics（体操）:Artistic Gymnastics 竞技体操Floor Exercises 自由体操Pommel Horse 鞍马Rings 吊环Vault 跳马Parallel Bars 双杠Horizontal Bar 单杠Uneven Bars 高低杠Balance Beam 平衡木Rhythmic Gymnastics 艺术体操Gymnastics Trampoline 蹦床Modern Pentathlon（现代五项）:Shooting 射击Fencing 击剑Swimming 游泳Riding 马术Cross-country running 越野跑Sailing（帆船）:Windsurfer men / women - Mistral one design 男子/女子帆板米氏级Single-handed Dinghy Women - Europe 女子帆船欧洲级Single-handed Dinghy men - Finn 男子帆船芬兰人级Single-handed Dinghy open - Laser 激光级Double-handed Dinghy men / women - 470 男子/女子帆船470级预赛Double-handed Dinghy open - 49er 49人级Multihull open - Tornado 龙卷风级Keelboat men - Star 男子星光级Keelboat women - Yngling 女子索林级Shooting（射击）:10 m air rifle 10米气步枪10 m air pistol 10米气手枪Men's 10 m running target 男子10米移动靶Men's 50 m rifle prone position 男子50米步枪卧射50 m rifle three positions 50米步枪3种姿势Men's 50 m pistol 男子50米手枪Women's 25 m pistol 女子25米手枪Men's 25 m rapid fire pistol 男子25米手枪速射Trap 多向飞碟Double trap 双多向飞碟Skeet 双向飞碟Triathlon（铁人三项）:Swimming 游泳Cycling 自行车Running 跑步Weightlifting（举重）:Snatch 抓举Clean and jerk 挺举Wrestling（摔跤）:greco-roman 古典式摔跤free style 自由式摔跤Rowing（赛艇）Boxing（拳击）Canoeing（皮划艇）Judo（柔道）Taekwondo（跆拳道）。

马术障碍赛英语作文

马术障碍赛英语作文English:Equestrian show jumping, also known as "jumping," is a thrilling and demanding sport that tests both the horse's athleticism and the rider's skill. In this competition, horse and rider must navigate a course of obstacles, including verticals, spreads, and combinations, aiming to clear each jump without knocking down any rails or refusals. The sport requires not only precise control and communication between horse and rider but also strategic thinking and quick decision-making to navigate the course efficiently. Riders must also demonstrate excellent balance, posture, and technique to maintain control and rhythm throughout the course, all while striving for speed and accuracy. Equestrian show jumping is not only a display of athletic prowess but also a showcase of the bond between horse and rider, highlighting the harmony and trust between them.Translated content:马术障碍赛，也被称为“跳跃”，是一项既刺激又要求高的运动，考验着马匹的运动能力和骑手的技巧。

关于马术的英文介绍

关于马术的英文介绍Horse riding, also known as equestrianism, is the art of controlling and riding horses. It has been practiced for centuries, mainly for transportation and cavalry purposes. In modern times, horse riding has become a popular sport and recreational activity, enjoyed by people of all ages and backgrounds.Horse riding offers numerous physical and mental benefits, including improved balance, coordination, and strength. Riding also requires patience, concentration, and communication skills between the rider and the horse. The relationship between a rider and their horse can be highly rewarding, creating a significant bond built on trust and respect.There are several different disciplines within horse riding, each with its own unique set of skills and techniques. These include dressage, show jumping, eventing, endurance riding, and western riding. Horse riding competitions are held worldwide, including the Olympics, where equestrian events have been a part of the lineup since 1900.Safety is paramount in horse riding, and riders must wear appropriate protective gear, such as helmets and boots, and be trained in proper riding techniques and horse handling. Horses also require proper careand maintenance, including regular veterinary check-ups and proper nutrition.In conclusion, horse riding is a fascinating and rewarding activity, providing both physical and mental benefits to riders. With its rich history, varied disciplines, and opportunities for competition and recreation, it is a sport that can be enjoyed by anyone willing to learn and embrace the relationship between horse and rider.。

马术训练作文英语

马术训练作文英语Equestrian training is a discipline that requires dedication, patience, and a deep connection between rider and horse. It is not just a sport; it's an art that combines physical strength, mental agility, and an understanding of animal behavior.The first step in equestrian training is to establish a bond with the horse. This involves spending time with the animal, feeding it, and grooming it. Building trust is crucial as it forms the foundation of a successful partnership.Next, the rider must learn the basics of horse riding, which includes understanding the equipment such as the saddle, bridle, and reins. Proper riding attire is also essential for safety and comfort.Once the basics are mastered, the rider moves on to learning different riding techniques. This includes learning how to control the horse's movements, such as walking, trotting, and cantering. Each gait requires a different level of balance and coordination.Jumping is another aspect of equestrian training that requires practice and precision. Riders must learn to guide their horse over obstacles while maintaining a steady rhythm and pace.Dressage, a highly disciplined form of riding, is often the pinnacle of equestrian training. It involves performing a series of intricate movements and patterns that demonstrate the horse's obedience and the rider's skill.Throughout the training process, the rider must also focus on their own physical fitness. Strength, flexibility, and balance are all important for effective riding.Lastly, equestrian training is not just about the individual rider and horse. It's also about being part of a community. Riders often participate in competitions, where they can showcase their skills and learn from others.In conclusion, equestrian training is a journey of growth and learning for both the rider and the horse. It's a pursuitthat requires commitment, but the rewards of a strong bond and mastery of this ancient art are well worth the effort.。

马术比赛的英语作文

马术比赛的英语作文Title: The Thrilling World of Equestrian Competitions。

Equestrian competitions, encompassing a diverse range of events from dressage to show jumping and eventing, showcase the deep bond between horse and rider whiletesting their skill, precision, and athleticism. As an integral part of the equestrian world, these competitions captivate audiences worldwide with their grace, power, and adrenaline-pumping moments.One of the most prestigious equestrian disciplines is dressage, often referred to as "horse ballet." In dressage, horse and rider execute a series of predetermined movements with precision, grace, and harmony. The partnership between the two is evident as they perform intricate maneuvers such as pirouettes, flying changes, and half-passes. Each movement is meticulously judged, with emphasis placed on the horse's suppleness, obedience, and willingness to perform.Show jumping, another thrilling equestrian event, challenges horse and rider to navigate a course of colorful obstacles with speed and accuracy. The rider must demonstrate impeccable timing and control as they guidetheir horse over fences ranging in height and complexity. Show jumping competitions are a test of agility, bravery, and trust between horse and rider, with split-second decisions often determining the difference between victory and defeat.Eventing, often dubbed the "triathlon of the horse world," combines the disciplines of dressage, cross-country, and show jumping into a single competition. This grueling test of endurance requires both horse and rider to excel in multiple disciplines, showcasing their versatility and athleticism. From the precision of dressage to the daring leaps of cross-country jumps, eventing demands skill, courage, and unwavering determination.Equestrian competitions not only showcase theathleticism of horses but also highlight the bond betweenhorse and rider. The relationship between the two is built on trust, communication, and mutual respect, forged through countless hours of training and dedication. In the heat of competition, this bond is put to the ultimate test as horse and rider work together to overcome obstacles and achieve their goals.Beyond the thrill of competition, equestrian events also serve as a celebration of tradition, heritage, and culture. From the elegant attire of dressage riders to the adrenaline-fueled atmosphere of show jumping arenas, each event is steeped in history and symbolism. Equestrian competitions unite people from all walks of life, transcending language and cultural barriers to share in the passion and excitement of horse sport.In conclusion, equestrian competitions represent the pinnacle of horsemanship, showcasing the extraordinary talents of horses and riders alike. Whether it's the precision of dressage, the excitement of show jumping, or the endurance of eventing, these events captivate audiences with their beauty, athleticism, and timeless appeal. Asspectators, we are privileged to witness the magic of horse and rider in perfect harmony, reminding us of the enduring bond between humans and horses.。

参加马术比赛英语作文

参加马术比赛英语作文Title: My Experience in Equestrian Competition。

Participating in an equestrian competition was an exhilarating experience that I will cherish for a lifetime. It was not merely a test of skill but also a journey ofself-discovery and personal growth.First and foremost, the atmosphere at the competition venue was electric. The sound of hooves pounding against the ground, the neighing of horses, and the chatter of fellow competitors created an ambiance filled with excitement and anticipation. As I entered the arena, I could feel the adrenaline coursing through my veins.Competing in equestrian events requires meticulous preparation and unwavering focus. Every movement, every gesture between rider and horse must be perfectly synchronized. It's not just about commanding the horse but also about forming a bond of trust and understanding. Inthe weeks leading up to the competition, I spent countless hours practicing with my horse, honing our skills and perfecting our routines.On the day of the competition, as I stood in the warm-up area, I couldn't help but feel a mix of nervousness and determination. The time had come to showcase all that we had worked so hard for. As I mounted my horse and entered the arena, a sense of calm washed over me. It was just me, my horse, and the course ahead.The first event we participated in was the show jumping competition. The adrenaline rush as we soared over hurdles and navigated through tight turns was indescribable. Despite a few tense moments, my horse and I managed to complete the course flawlessly. The sense of accomplishment was overwhelming as we crossed the finish line to the cheers of the crowd.Next up was the dressage competition, where precision and elegance were paramount. Every movement had to be executed with grace and poise. As my horse trotted andcantered to the rhythm of the music, I felt a deep connection between us. It was a dance of harmony and beauty that left a lasting impression on both judges andspectators alike.Finally, we competed in the cross-country event, which tested our endurance and bravery. Galloping through fields and leaping over natural obstacles, I felt a sense of exhilaration unlike anything I had ever experienced before. My horse and I tackled each challenge with determinationand grit, crossing the finish line with our heads held high.In the end, while we may not have won the competition, the lessons learned and memories made were worth more than any medal or trophy. Participating in equestrian competitions taught me the importance of perseverance, teamwork, and above all, the unbreakable bond between horse and rider. It was an experience I will always hold dear to my heart, and one that has truly shaped me into the personI am today.。

介绍马术英语作文

介绍马术英语作文Title: The Elegance and Culture of Equestrian SportsEquestrian sports, with their rich history and timeless appeal, have captivated the hearts of many across the globe. From the thundering hooves on the racetrack to the graceful dance between horse and rider in dressage, the world of horses is a fascinating blend of athleticism and artistry. In this essay, we will delve into the essence of equestrian sports and their significance in contemporary society.The bond between humans and horses dates back millennia, with evidence of domestication found in ancient civilizations such as those of Mesopotamia and Egypt. Initially used for transportation and warfare, horses gradually became integral to sporting events. Ancient Greek Olympics featured horse racing, while Roman gladiatorial games often included chariot races. Over time, various forms of equestrian sports evolved, each reflecting the culture and values of its time.Today, equestrian sports encompass a wide range of disciplines, each with its unique challenges and rewards. Show jumping, where riders navigate their horses over a series of obstacles, tests both speed and precision. Dressage, oftenreferred to as "equine ballet," showcases the harmonious relationship between horse and rider through a sequence of intricate movements. Eventing combines elements of show jumping, dressage, and cross-country riding, demanding versatility and endurance from both participants. These disciplines are not just competitive sports; they are also platforms for showcasing horsemanship and the deep connection between human and animal.Beyond the arena, equestrian sports hold cultural significance in various societies. They often symbolize tradition, nobility, and elegance. Horse racing, particularly in countries like the United Kingdom with the iconic Royal Ascot, is as much about fashion and socializing as it is about the race itself. Polo, known as the "sport of kings," is a high-society event that transcends sport and becomes a social occasion. The role of horses in literature, film, and art further underscores their cultural impact, from Black Beauty to War Horse.In conclusion, equestrian sports are a testament to the enduring partnership between humans and horses. They embody a rich tapestry of history, culture, and athletic prowess. Whether as a participant or spectator, the allure ofhorses and the grace of equestrian sports continue to inspire and engage people worldwide, ensuring their place in our collective consciousness for generations to come.。

关于马术的知识英文文章

关于马术的知识英文文章About Equestrian (Olympic sport since 1900)Equestrian events were included in the Olympic Games for the first time in 1900 and then in 1912, in a format very similar to that which will be used at the Athens 2004 Olympic Games.In the past, the three-day event (Eventing) was restricted to military officers, while the jumping and dressage competitions were open to civilians, but only a handful of civilian riders competed up to 1948. Up to that time, the growth of modern sport had been rapid, but relatively few competitors were involved in international competitions. They all knew each other and the judges and were accepting of local variations to the fairly simple rules which existed. With the inclusion of the sport in the Olympic Games, it became obvious that some internationally recognised rules for the three Olympic disciplines were essential. In May 1921, delegates from 10 national equestrian organisations met in Lausanne to discuss the formation of an international federation.Equestrian consists of three disciplines: Jumping, Dressage andEventing (Three-Day Event).1. In equitation/horsemanship classes, only the rider is being judged therefore no penalty should be assessed because of the horse's conformation, color or way of moving.2. Falling off a horse results in elimination.3. Three refusals by a horse results in elimination.4. Any rider not having her mount under sufficient control shall be removed from the ring by the show stewards and shall be disqualified or remounted at their discretion.5. If additional tests are desired and appropriate, the judge's instructions to riders shall be publicly announced.。