第六讲含有大量情报的表达方式――定语从句一,被动语态的定语从句

合集下载

定语从句及被动语态课件

定语从句及被动语态课件

被动语态在各种句型中应用技
04
巧讲解
简单句、并列句、复合句中被动语态应用技巧
简单句中的被动语态
在简单句中,被动语态常用于强调受事者或未知施事者的情况,如“The cake was eaten by the dog.”(蛋糕被狗吃了。)。
并列句中的被动语态
在并列句中,被动语态可用于其中一个分句,以突出受事者或与另一分句形成对比,如 “John wrote the book, but it was edited by Mary.”(约翰写了这本书,但它是被玛 丽编辑的。)。
关系代词和关系副词引导方式
关系代 词
包括who, whom, whose, that, which等,用于引导定语从句并代替先行词在 从句中充当主语、宾语等成分。例如:“The man who is speaking on the stage is our president.”(正在台上发言的人是我们的总统。)
当需要使句子表达更客观、中立时,可以使用被动语态,如“It is
believed that the new policy will improve the situation.”(人们相
信新政策会改善局势。)。
03
使用被动语态使句子更流畅
当主动语态的施事者在上下文中不重要或已知时,可以使用被动语态使
定语从句及被动语态 课件
• 定语从句基本概念与分类 • 被动语态基本形式与用法 • 定语从句中关系代词选择原则及实例演示 • 被动语态在各种句型中应用技巧讲解 • 定语从句和被动语态结合使用注意事项及实例分析 • 总结回顾与拓展延伸
目录
定语从句基本概念与分类
限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句区分
限定性定语从句

定语从句、被动语态

定语从句、被动语态

专题十八:定语从句一、定语从句:1.定语从句的概念:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

3.关系词:引导定语从句的连词叫关系词。

如that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when等。

4.由that、which、who、whom、whose引导的定语从句。

关系词指代在定语从句中的作用that既指人也指物作主语、宾语which指物作主语、宾语who指人作主语whom指人作宾语whose既指人也指物作定语二、定语从句:1.先行词是物时,一般情况既可用that,which均可.但下列情况,只用that不用which。

1).当先行词为指物的不定代词,如all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、the one等时,只能用that。

There is nothing ______ I can do for you .2).先行词被the only, the very, the last, all, no, little等词修饰,只用that。

This is the very book ___ I’m looking for .3).先行词被序数词修饰时,只用that . This is the first nextbook ______ I studied in the middle school .4).先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时,只能用that。

This is the most beautiful mountain ______ I have ever seen .=I have _____ seen _____ a beautiful mountian .5).先行词既有人也有物时,只能that 。

He told us many interesting things and persons _______ we had .2.先行词是物时,一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况,只能用which不用that。

定语从句超详细讲解

定语从句超详细讲解

定语从句超详细讲解什么是定语从句定语从句是一种修饰名词或代词的从句,用来对所修饰的名词或代词进行进一步的说明或限制。

定语从句通常由关系词引导,在句中充当修饰成分。

关系词的种类常见的关系词有:who, whom, whose, which, that。

关系词根据在从句中的作用,可分为主格关系词、宾格关系词和属格关系词。

- 主格关系词:who, which- 宾格关系词:whom, which- 属格关系词:whose, of which定语从句结构定语从句的基本结构为:关系词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分。

根据所修饰的名词在定语从句中的作用,可分为三种结构:1. 主语关系从句:关系词在从句中作主语,修饰前面的名词。

- 例:The book which is on the table is mine.(在桌子上的那本书是我的。

)2. 宾语关系从句:关系词在从句中作宾语,修饰前面的名词。

- 例:She has a brother whom I have never met.(她有个兄弟我从未见过。

)3. 定语关系从句:关系词在从句中作定语,修饰前面的名词。

- 例:I live in a house whose roof is red.(我住在一座房子里,它的屋顶是红色的。

)定语从句的使用注意事项- 关系词指代的是先行词,要保持一致性。

例如,主格关系词引导的从句,先行词也应该是人;宾格关系词引导的从句,先行词也应该是人或物;属格关系词引导的从句,先行词也应该是有所属关系的事物。

- 关系词在从句中可省略,但要根据上下文的需要决定是否省略。

定语从句的练题1. The girl _______ is my sister. (who/whom/which/that)2. The man _______ I talked to is the boss. (who/whom/which/that)3. She is the girl _______ mother works at the hospital.(who/whom/whose/which/that)4. The car _______ is parked outside is mine. (who/which/that)5. The book _______ you borrowed from the library is overdue. (whose/which/that)答案:1. who2. whom3. whose4. that5. which以上就是定语从句的超详细讲解。

雅思托福语法之被动语态、定语从句

雅思托福语法之被动语态、定语从句
谓语的主动形式。
将主动语态中的主语和宾语颠倒 位置,并将谓语动词变为被动形
式。
02 定语从句
定义与特点
定义
定语从句是一种修饰名词或代词的从 句,用于描述名词或代词的特征或属 性。
特点
定语从句通常紧跟在所修饰的名词或 代词之后,用关系代词(如that、 which、who等)引导,对名词或代 词进行限定或补充说明。
04 练习与巩固
被动语态练习题
总结词
掌握被动语态的基本结构和用法
详细描述
被动语态是英语语法中的重要部分,用于描述动作的接受者而不是执行者。通过 练习题,可以加深对被动语态的理解和运用,包括各种时态和语态的转换,以及 在复杂句型中的应用。
定语从句练习题
总结词
熟悉定语从句的规则和用法
详细描述
定语从句用于修饰名词或代词,对其属性或特征进行描述。通过练习题,可以熟悉定语从句的规则和用法,包括 关系代词的选择、从句的时态和语态等,以及在写作中的应用。
雅思托福写作练习题
总结词
提高雅思托福写作水平
详细描述
雅思托福写作考试要求考生具备良好的语法和表达能力。通过练习雅思托福写作题,可以锻炼考生的 思维逻辑、语言表达和语法运用能力,提高雅思托福写作水平。
THANKS
功能不同
定语从句主要用来修饰名词或代词,限定其范围或补充说明其特征,而同位语 从句则用来补充说明主语的身份、地位等信息。
03
雅思托福考试中的被动语态与 定语从句
雅思托福考试中被动语态的考查重点
被动语态的基本形式
雅思托福考试中常考查被动语态的基本形式,如“be+过去分词 ”等。
被动语态的时态变化
考生需要掌握被动语态的各种时态,如一般现在时、一般过去时、 将来时等。

被动语态和定语从句

被动语态和定语从句

中考英语主动语态变被动语态被动语态由“助动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

不同时态的被动语态的差异主要体现在助动词be的变化上,同时助动词be还要在人称和数上与主语保持一致。

在将主动语态变为被动语态时,可按以下三个步骤:a.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

b.把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词) ,并根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。

c.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。

在无须说明动作的执行者或只强调动作的承受者时,by短语可以省略。

例如:All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory.含有双宾语的主动句改为被动句时,应将其中一个宾语改为被动结构的主语,另一个宾语仍保留在原处。

一种情况是把间接宾语(指人)变为主语,直接宾语(指物)不变;另一种情况是把直接宾语(指物)变为主语,间接宾语(指人)不变,这时,间接宾语前通常加介词to,有时加for。

例如:My father gave me a new book on my birthday.→I was given a new book (by my father) on my birthday. (间接宾语作了主语)→A new book was given to me (by my father) on my birthday. (直接宾语作了主语)含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后,to仍要保留。

例如:We can repair this watch in two days.→This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.→It should be done at once.练习将下列句子变为被动语态:1. We often sing this song._______________________________2. He broke his leg in the match._______________________________3. She will sell her house soon._______________________________4. He is repairing the machine._______________________________5. He has finished his work._______________________________6. We call him Lao Wang._______________________________7. We must do something to help her._______________________________8. What did you say at the meeting?_______________________________9. He gave me some old magazines._______________________________10. He told me to wait at the gate._______________________________【参考答案】1. This song is often sung.2. His leg was broken in the match.3. Her house will be sold soon.4. The machine is being repaired.5. His work has been finished.6. He is called Lao Wang.7. Something must be done to help her.8. What was said at the meeting?9. I was given some old magazines.10. I was told to wait at the gate。

被动语态专讲、定语从句专讲

被动语态专讲、定语从句专讲

被动语态专讲一、引言汉语中对于被动语态的使用简直是小菜一碟,想必大家初次接触到“把”字句、“被”字句时大都不屑一顾。

很少有人主动把中文主被动的转换当作大碍。

但英文中因为动词时态的复杂,在转换成被动语态时自然容易搅得人头昏脑胀。

事实上我们经常用到的一些口语句型就是被动结构,如“Well done”、“The plane’s been delayed 10 minutes”等等。

如何对付被动语态,本文正是对症下药的良方一剂。

二、语态概述语态是动词的一种形式,表示主语和谓语的关系。

英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,即是主语在做这个动作;而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者,即动作的对象,此时,主语是动作的逻辑宾语。

例如:My uncle repaired the TV set yesterday. 昨天我叔叔修理了那台电视机。

The TV set was repaired (by my uncle) yesterday. 那台电视机昨天被(我叔叔)修理了。

三、被动语态的构成被动语态是由“be动词+(及物动词)过去分词”构成。

若要特别强调动作或行为的执行者时,句子后边需接by…,译为“被(由)……”。

不同时态的被动语态主要体现在助动词be的变化上,同时助动词be还要在人称和数上与主语保持一致。

现已及物动词do为例,其各种时态四、被动语态的用法五、两种语态互变☆主动语态变被动语态1.2. 把谓语变成被动结构(be +过去分词),时态要跟原主动语态一致;3. 主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,若为代词,要将主格改为宾格。

如果不强调动作的执行者,by短语可省略。

例如:主动句:People play football all over the world.被动句:Football ____________ (by people) all over the world.☆被动语态变主动语态被动句:This song was ________ (写) by Andy Lau.主动句:Andy Lau ________ (写) this song.六、特殊结构的被动语态1. 双宾结构的被动语态主动结构中如果有两个宾语,变成被动结构时,只将其中一个宾语变成主语,另一个宾语保留不变(即:变一留一)。

引导高三学生突破定语从句

引导高三学生突破定语从句

引导高三学生突破定语从句定语从句是高中语法中的一个重要知识点,也是英语写作中经常用到的句型结构。

它通常用来对名词或代词进行修饰,增加句子的信息量和表达的准确性。

由于定语从句的句式结构相对复杂,高三学生在运用定语从句时往往遇到困难。

本文将从三个方面引导高三学生突破定语从句的使用。

三、积累定语从句的常见词组和句型为了使定语从句的使用更加灵活自如,高三学生还应该积累一些固定的词组和句型。

以下是一些常见的定语从句的词组和句型:1. 被动语态的定语从句:在定语从句中,使用被动语态表示主语是被动的动作或状态。

例如:The house that was built last year is very beautiful.2. 带有情态动词的定语从句:在定语从句中,使用情态动词可以表示可能性、必要性、推测等。

例如:This is the best movie that I have ever seen.3. 定语从句中的as if / as though:在定语从句中,可以用as if / as though引导,表示比较或假设的意思。

例如:He looked at me as if he had seen a ghost.4. 定语从句中的比较级和最高级:在定语从句中,可以用比较级和最高级来修饰名词。

例如:This is the most interesting book that I have read.通过积累这些定语从句的常见词组和句型,高三学生可以丰富自己的语言材料库,使英语写作更加地道和流利。

要突破定语从句的使用,高三学生需要从以下三个方面入手:全面理解定语从句的基本知识,熟练掌握定语从句的各种句型以及积累定语从句的常见词组和句型。

通过不断的练习和积累,高三学生可以提高运用定语从句的能力,使自己的语言表达更加精准和流利。

定语从句的形式与用法详解

定语从句的形式与用法详解

定语从句的形式与用法详解定语从句是英语中非常常见的一种修饰手段,它可以通过从句的形式为主句中的名词或代词提供更多的信息。

掌握好定语从句的形式与用法,对于我们正确运用英语语法和提升语言表达能力有着重要的作用。

本文将详细介绍定语从句的形式与用法,并给出一些例句以便更好地理解和掌握。

一、形式定语从句可以分为三种形式:关系代词引导的定语从句、关系副词引导的定语从句以及省略关系词的定语从句。

1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句常见的有:who、whom、that、which、whose。

这些关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语,并与先行词在句子中保持一致。

下面是一些例句:- The student who is sitting in the front row is my best friend.- I have a cat that likes to play with a ball of yarn.- This is the book which I borrowed from the library.在日常英语中,关系代词that是最常用的引导词,它既可以修饰人也可以修饰物,而who、whom、which、whose分别用于修饰人、物、所有格的形容词性物主代词。

2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句常见的有:when、where、why。

这些关系副词在从句中具有状语的作用,分别表示时间、地点和原因。

下面是一些例句:- Do you remember the day when we first met?- This is the house where I was born.- Can you tell me the reason why he is so angry?3. 省略关系词的定语从句在定语从句中,当从句的主语和先行词一致时,我们可以省略关系代词或关系副词,只保留谓语动词。

定语从句知识点总结

定语从句知识点总结

定语从句知识点总结定语从句是英语中用来修饰名词或代词的从句,它紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面,起到形容词的作用。

以下是定语从句的知识点总结:1. 定语从句的构成:定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导,它们在从句中充当一定的成分,如主语、宾语或状语。

2. 关系代词:关系代词包括who, whom, whose, which, that,它们用来指代先行词,并在从句中担任相应的语法角色。

- who:指代人,在从句中作主语或宾语。

- whom:指代人,在从句中作宾语。

- whose:表示所有格,指代人或物。

- which:指代物,在从句中作主语或宾语。

- that:既可以指代人也可以指代物,在从句中作主语或宾语。

3. 关系副词:关系副词包括where, when, why,它们在从句中作状语,分别表示地点、时间、原因。

4. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句:限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用,不可省略;非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用,可以省略。

5. 先行词:先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词,它在句子中的位置通常在定语从句之前。

6. 定语从句的位置:定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后,但如果先行词是句子的主语,定语从句可以放在主句的末尾。

7. 定语从句的时态:定语从句的时态通常与主句的时态保持一致,但也可以根据不同的语境进行调整。

8. 定语从句的省略:在某些情况下,定语从句中的某些成分可以省略,尤其是当关系代词在从句中作宾语时。

9. 定语从句的分隔:有时,为了强调或避免混淆,定语从句可以被分隔开来,即先行词和定语从句之间插入其他成分。

10. 定语从句的复杂结构:在复杂句中,定语从句可以嵌套使用,即一个定语从句内部还可以包含另一个定语从句。

掌握定语从句的这些知识点,可以帮助我们更准确地理解和使用英语中的定语从句,从而提高英语表达的准确性和丰富性。

定语从句(完整版限制性定语从句)

定语从句(完整版限制性定语从句)

定语从句(完整版限制性定语从句) 定语从句(完整版限制性定语从句)是汉语中一种非常重要的语法结构,它可以用来对名词或代词进行修饰和限制。

在日常生活和工作中,我们经常会遇到各种各样的定语从句,比如描述一个人的特征、说明一个事物的性质等等。

本文将从理论和实践两个方面来探讨定语从句的使用方法和技巧,希望能够帮助大家更好地理解和运用这一语法结构。

一、理论分析1.1 定语从句的定义和分类定语从句是指在一个句子中,用来对某个名词或代词进行修饰和限制的从句。

根据修饰的范围和作用不同,可以将定语从句分为三类:限定性定语从句、非限定性定语从句和关系代词引导的定语从句。

其中,限定性定语从句是对先行词进行具体限定的,而非限定性定语从句则是对先行词进行概括或补充说明的,关系代词引导的定语从句则是用来连接两个句子或短语的。

1.2 定语从句的构成要素一个完整的定语从句应该包括以下几个要素:先行词、关系代词(或关系副词)、谓语动词、宾语和其他成分。

其中,先行词是指被修饰的名词或代词,关系代词(或关系副词)则是指用来引导定语从句的关系词,例如who、that、which等。

谓语动词则是指定语从句中的主干动词,宾语则是指谓语动词所接受的动作对象。

其他成分则包括状语、补足语等,用于修饰谓语动词或补充说明整个句子的意义。

1.3 定语从句的作用和用法定语从句在句子中起到了非常重要的作用,它可以用来对名词或代词进行具体的限定和修饰,使得整个句子更加准确、清晰和易懂。

定语从句还可以用来表示时间、原因、条件、结果等关系,起到连接句子和短语的作用。

在使用定语从句时,需要注意以下几点:一是要注意先行词的位置和数量;二是要注意关系代词的选择和使用;三是要注意定语从句与主句之间的逻辑关系。

二、实践应用2.1 如何正确使用限定性定语从句限定性定语从句是对先行词进行具体限定的,它可以使句子更加精确和明确。

在使用限定性定语从句时,需要注意以下几点:一是要注意先行词的位置和数量;二是要注意关系代词的选择和使用;三是要注意定语从句与主句之间的逻辑关系。

宾语从句定语从句被动语态复习

宾语从句定语从句被动语态复习

诸城一中国际定语从句被动语态和宾语从句复习学案定语从句Attributive clause:1.定义:在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句2.关系词用法:先行词指人who /that先行词指物which/ that3. 定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)后4.关系代词代替先行词在句子中充当句子成分,所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词,先行词作宾语时,关系代词可以省略。

5.翻译方法“…. 的”Eg.1. Yesterday we bought a book which is really hard to understand.2. The students who are from Maple Leaf School like learning English. Whom: 先行词指人,代替先行词在定语从句中只充当宾语(包括介词的宾语), 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom1.This is the teacher whom\who we like best.2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.6.关系代词只能that 的特殊情况:1).先行词前有序数词修饰时:This is the first gift that my parents bought me.2).先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时:This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.3). 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop4). 先行词是人和物时, 用that.e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.5). 先行词被all , little , the only , the very(就是,正是), the last 等词修饰时,只能用thate.g. This is the very place that I want to visit.6). 特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头,只能用that引导.Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform?7.当关系代词前使用介词时:物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词+ whom当关系代词前使用介词时:e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.巩固练习1、Friends are those ___ make you smile, always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed.A. whichB. whatC. whomD. who2、It’s quite common in Britain to say “Thank you” to the drivers for people___ get off the bus. A. who B. what C. which D. where3、---Barbara, where do you work?---I work for a company ___ sells cars.A.whichB. whereC. whatD. who4、--Excuse me, can I have a talk with your manager?----Yes? I am just the man____ you are looking for.A.whoseB. whatC. whoD. which5、The book ___ he bought yesterday is very interesting.A. /B. whyC. whenD. what6、The boy for __ John bought the book is his san.A. /B. whomC. thatD. who7、I visited the most famous bridge _____Luban built.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. in which8. This is the place in___I want to liveA. whatB.whichC. thatD. where9、The first meeting___we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.A. whatB. whyC. 不填D. that10、I can remember well the persons and some pictures ___I seeA. whereB. whatC. thatD. which14、Those ___ want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.A. whoB. thatC. whomD. whose15、There is an old man ___ wants to see you.A. whoB. thatC. whomD. whose初中英语被动语态小结一、语态概述1.一般现在时:am/is/are+done2. 一般过去时:was/were+done3. 一般将来时:will/shall be+done4. 现在进行时:am/is/are being+done5. 过去进行时:was/were being+done6. 现在完成时:have/has been+done二.被动语态的特殊情况一感________, 二听__________三使________________________, 四看_______________________________等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to;但改成被动语态后必须带to。

定语从句和被动语态

定语从句和被动语态

定语从句一. 定语从句的三个概念1. 定语从句: 修饰一个名词或代词的句子/ 用来做定语的句子叫定语从句2. 关系词: 引出定语从句的词叫关系词3. 先行词: 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

二. 关系词在从句中代替先行词1. 关系词本身没有词义, 代替先行词的词义2. 必须充当定语从句中的一个成分3. 根据它在定语从句中所充当的成分将引导定语从句的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词三. 关系词的选择引导定语从句的关系代词有: who, whom, whose, that, which, as等,在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分1. 先行词是人时的三种情况:(1) 先行词是人, 从句中缺少主语时, 用who或that作从句的主语e.g. I have a friend who/ that likes listening to classic music.注意:1) 当先行词是one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those, people 等指人时, 一般用who, 不用thate.g. Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.2) 在以疑问词who开头的句子中, 或关系代词在从句中作表语时, 用that, 不用whoe.g. Who is the man that is shouting there?She is not the girl that she used to be.3) 在there be 句型中, 先行词是人, 只能用whoe.g. There are many people who are singing.(2) 先行词是人, 从句中缺动词宾语或介词宾语时, 用whom或that (介词后不用that)e.g. The teacher wants to return the book to the girl from whom he borrowed it.The teacher wants to return the book to the girl (whom/ that) he borrowed it from.(3) 先行词是人, 从句中缺少定语时, 用whosee.g. Do you know the boy whose parents are on holiday?2. 先行词是物时的三种情况:(1) 先行词是物, 从句中缺少主语时, 用that, which e.g. You’d better not drink water which /that has not been boiled.(2) 先行词是物, 从句中缺少动词宾语或介词宾语时, 用which或that, 注意介词后不用thate.g. This is the house in which once Lu Xun lived .This is the house (which/ that) once Lu Xun lived in.(3) 先行词是物, 且从句中缺少定语时, 用whose或the+名词+of which的结构e.g. We study in the classroom whose door / the door of which faces south.3.下列情况下, 只用that, 不用which引导定语从句(1) 先行词是不定代词, 如all, none, little, few, much, one, some, anything, nothingeverything, something等e.g. Is there anything that you want?(2) 先行词被all, no, every, some, little, few, much, one of , the only, the very, the right, the same等所修饰时e.g. The only thing that he remembered was her name.(3) 先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时e.g. This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.She is the most beautiful girl that I had known.(4) 先行词中既有人又有物时e.g. They talked about the teachers and the things (that) they remembered in the school.(5) 以which开头的疑问句中, 多用that引导从句e.g. Which is your book that you always read.引导定语从句的关系副词有: when, where, why , 在定语从句中充当状语的成分, 即在从句中起副词和介词短语的作用1. Wheree.g. This is the house.I was born in the house.=This is the house where I was born. (where代替先行词house)=This is the house which / that / 不填I was born in.=This is the house in which I was born.2. whene.g. We’ll never forget the day.We joined the party on the day.= We’ll never forget the day when we joined the party.= We’ll never forget the day which / that/ 不填we joined the party on.= We’ll never forget the day on which we joined the party.3. whye.g. The reason why I am calling you is to invite you to a party.The reason is that I want to invite you to a party. (表语从句)= The reason why I am calling you is that I want to invite you to a party.(既有定语从句又有表语从句)连接词在句子中的不同作用:e.g. Hangzhou is the place that is very famous. (主语)Hangzhou is the place which I will never forget. (宾语)Hangzhou is the place to which I went last summer. (介词宾语)Hangzhou is the place whose scenery is beautiful. (定语)Hangzhou is the place where I went last summer. (状语)由as 引导的定语从句1. as 引导限定性定语从句时, 先行词常用such和same修饰, as在从句中不省略e.g. We do the same work as they do.2. as 引导的非限定性定语从句,as代表整个主句的意义e.g. We jumped for joy at the news, as was natural.Taiwan, as is known to everyone, is a part of ChinaAs was usual with him, he went out for a walk after dinner.四. 定语从句与其他从句的区分:1. 定语从句与强调句的区分:(去掉it is/was和that 的部分, 若句子成立则为强调句)e.g. It was on that day that he left school. (强调句)2. 定语从句与结果状语从句的区分:(看连接词是不是在句中担当成分, 若担当则为定语从句)e.g. He is such a kind person as everybody likes. (定语从句)He is such a kind person that everybody likes him. (结果状语从句)3. 定语从句与同位语从句的区分:(看连接词是不是在句中担当成分, 若不担当而只表示前面名词的具体内容则为同位语从句)e.g. The news that he had passed the exam surprised us. (同位语从句)The news that we heard surprised us. (定语从句)五. 介词+关系代词引导定语从句时介词或关系代词的选择:1. 介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配e.g. The farm on which I once worked is very beautiful.2. 介词与从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配:e.g. Who is the man with whom our teacher is talking?3. 介词与从句中的形容词是一种习惯性搭配e.g. Ours is a great country, of which we are proud.4. 表示“所有格”或“整体与部分关系”时, 用介词ofe.g. I was given three books on cooking, the first of which I really enjoyed.There are over 100 teachers, sixth percent of whom are women.定语从句考点分析1. The best work ______ Lu Xun wrote and ______ I have read has been made into a film.A. which; thatB. that; ×C. ×; thatD. ×; ×析:如果两个定语从句并列,关系代词作宾语时前一句的可以省略,但后一句的不可省略,故应选C。

定语从句.被动语态

定语从句.被动语态

定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。

定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。

关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。

关系副词有:when, where, why等。

18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。

(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

3)which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。

(which / that在句中作宾语)The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。

带被动语态和定语从句的句子

带被动语态和定语从句的句子

带被动语态和定语从句的句子1. 那些被岁月遗忘的故事,是我心中最珍贵的宝藏。

就像那本被搁置在角落的旧相册,里面的照片虽然有些泛黄,可每一张都承载着一段美好的回忆。

我和奶奶坐在老树下,她指着相册里的照片说:“看呐,这是你爷爷年轻的时候,那时候他可帅啦。

”每一张照片都是一个被时光定格的瞬间,每次翻看,就像重新走进了那些被珍藏的往昔。

2. 你知道吗?被信任的感觉就像沐浴在温暖的阳光里。

我有一个朋友,他就是那种被大家公认的靠谱的人。

他曾经被委托保管一笔钱,那可是一大笔钱啊!在他手里就像被锁进了最安全的保险箱。

他说:“我知道这钱被托付给我,那是大家对我的信任,我可不能辜负。

”这就是信任的力量,被信任的人就像一颗闪耀的星星,照亮周围的一切。

3. 被误解的滋味啊,就像吃了一口酸涩的柠檬。

有一次,我在学校被同学误以为是拿了他的笔。

我当时可委屈了,就像一只被冤枉的小绵羊。

我对他说:“那支笔我都没见过,我怎么会拿呢?”可他不听,还是认定是我拿的。

被误解的时候,心里就像被乌云遮住的天空,阴沉沉的。

直到后来他自己找到了笔,才知道是错怪我了。

哎,被误解可真不好受啊!4. 那座被岁月侵蚀的老房子,是我们童年的乐园。

它就像一位慈祥的老人,见证了我们的成长。

房子里有一个被漆成蓝色的小柜子,那里面藏着我们的小秘密。

我和小伙伴们经常在那座老房子里玩耍,我们会说:“这个被大家忽略的角落,是我们的小天地。

”在那里,每一个被磨损的角落都充满了我们的欢声笑语。

5. 被表扬的时刻总是让人兴奋得像中了彩票一样。

我的弟弟,他是个很努力的孩子。

上次他在学校因为一篇作文被老师表扬了。

那篇作文就像是一颗被精心打磨的宝石,在众多作文里脱颖而出。

老师说:“这篇作文写得非常好,用词准确,情感真挚。

”弟弟回来后,高兴得又蹦又跳,他说:“被老师表扬的感觉太棒了,我以后要写得更好!”被认可真的能给人带来无限的动力啊。

6. 被忽视的人就像角落里的灰尘,不被人在意。

初中英语被动语态和定语从句的用法详解(K12教育文档)

初中英语被动语态和定语从句的用法详解(K12教育文档)

初中英语被动语态和定语从句的用法详解(word版可编辑修改)编辑整理:尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望(初中英语被动语态和定语从句的用法详解(word版可编辑修改))的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈,这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。

本文可编辑可修改,如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅,最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为初中英语被动语态和定语从句的用法详解(word版可编辑修改)的全部内容。

初中英语被动语态的用法详解一、被动语态的结构主动语态(The Active Voice)表示主语是动作的执行者. 被动语态(The Passive Voice)表示主语是动作的承受者。

构成:承受者+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者一般现在时:am/is/are+过去分词。

一般过去时:was/were+过去分词一般将来时:shall /will be +过去分词现在完成时:have /has been +过去分词现在进行时:am/is/are+being+过去分词.过去将来时:should /would be +过去分词。

含情态动词的被动结构:情态动词+be+过去分词。

二、被动语态的用法1)当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁,或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时,需用被动语态。

2)当我们需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。

3)如果需要说出动作的执行者, 用by引导出动作的执行者.主动语态变为被动语态时,其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致,其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致.三、主动语态变为被动语态的情况1)主语+谓语动词+宾语将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(主动)We bought a book yesterday。

(被动)The book was bought yesterday。

被动语态定语从句

被动语态定语从句

被动语态一、被动语态概述:语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。

英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般说来,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。

汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。

如:He opened the door. 他打开了这扇门。

(主动语态)The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。

(被动语态)二、被动语态的用法:1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。

The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。

He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。

2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。

此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后,不需要时可以省略。

The room hasn't been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。

The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。

3、当动作的执行者不是人时,多用被动语态。

如:The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。

The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。

4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。

It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。

It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。

5、其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有:It is reported that…据报道It is said that…据说It is believed that…大家相信It is suggested that…有人建议三、主动语态变为被动语态1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤:(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语:如果主动句的宾语是代词,需将其由宾格变为主格。

被动语态 定语从句总结

被动语态 定语从句总结

英语被动语态用法归纳总结一、被动语态定义和用法当我们要突出某个行为的执行者时,应使用主动语态来表达,而要强调动作的承受者时,就要使用被动语态来表达。

主语为动作的执行者时,表示主动语态。

e.g. He told the story. (主动语态)他讲了这个故事。

主语为动作的承受者时,表示被动语态。

e.g.The story was told by him. (被动语态)这个故事被他讲了。

二、一般现在时被动语态的各类句式总结如下:1. 肯定句:主语+am / is / are+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者)2. 否定句:主语+ am / is / are not+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者)3. 一般疑问句:Am / Is / Are +主语+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者)4. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ am / is / are + 主语+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者)e.g. This song is still loved by many young people today.这首歌现在仍然受到许多年轻人的喜爱。

(肯定句)This camera is not made in Japan.这部相机不是日本制造的。

(否定句)—Is the film called Snow White?这部电影是叫《白雪公主》吗?(一般疑问句)—Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. 是的。

/不是。

—How many people were mentioned in the conversation?(特殊疑问句) 对话中提到了几个人?—Two. 两个。

三、一般过去时的被动语态被动语态的动词形式为:be+动词的过去分词,其中be为助动词,根据不同的人称和时态有形式的变化。

因此,一般过去时的被动语态为:1. 肯定句:主语+was/were+动词过去分词(+ by+动作执行者)e.g. The letter was written by Jim.2. 否定句:主语+was/were not+动词过去分词(+ by+动作执行者)e.g. The letter wasn’t written by Jim.3.一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+动词过去分词+(by+动作执行者)e.g. Was the letter written by Jim?4. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+动词的过去分词+(by+动作执行者)e.g. When was the letter written by Jim?当动词不定式作宾语补足语时,要把主动语态中表人的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,宾语补足语的位置不变。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

overheat.
(7) A wire costs more than a silver wire. It is made of platinum.
一、被动语态的定语从句 2. 定语从句在主语以外的名词后面 例 (1) A saw is a tool which is used for cutting wood. (2) The figure shows an apparatus which can be used to measure the specific heat of metal. (3) The information is stored in a computer which is situated in a separate building. 练习2 将下列各组的两个句子改写成一个句子。 (1) Information about the weather comes from weather observation stations. They are found in every part of the world. (2) Recently, more general information has been transmitted by weather satellites. These are fixed in orbits. These keep them stationary in relation to the earth’s surface.
第六讲
含有大量情报的表达方式――定语从句
一、被动语态的定语从句 二、主动语态的定语从句 三、从句的缩短
一、被动语态的定语从句 1. 定语从句在主语后面,修ft in the sun. (条件/状况) An object become hot. (结果/原理)
一、被动语态的定语从句 3. 前置词 例 (1) Laboratories are rooms. Experiments are conducted in them. (2) Laboratories are rooms which experiments are conducted in. (3) Laboratories are rooms in which experiments are conducted. 注意:(2)(3)的语法都正确,但在科技英语中(3)较多。 练习3 从( )中选择正确的词组。 (1) The glass(which/from which/by which) retorts are made must be fire-proof. (from which) (2) There are several ways (for which/in which/of which) sunshine can be controlled to provide heat. (in which) (3) A container of hot water gives out heat to the objects (which/by which/in which) it is surrounded. (by which) (4) A drill is an instrument (on which/round which/with which) holes are made. (with which) (5) The process (for which/by which/which) plants build up glucose is called photosynthesis. (by which)
--> An object which is left in the sun becomes hot.
练习1 将下列各组的两个句子改写成一个句子。
(1) Iron can be shaped. Iron becomes red-hot.
(2) A bottle is dropped on a stone floor. It usually breaks into pieces.
一、被动语态的定语从句 4. [前置词+wh-]的置换 (a) 在表示场所时,in which/at which where 例 Airports are places at which special attention is paid to the weather.
Airports are places where …
一、被动语态的定语从句 4. [前置词+wh-]的置换
(b) By means of which whereby 例 A fuse-box is a device by means of which excessive loads are avoided. A fuse-box is a device whereby excessive load are avoided. (c) Of which whose 例 Venus (金星) is a planet of which the surface is thought to be at least 200 C. Venus is a planet whose surface temperature… 注意: whose可以用于人、物
(3) A balloon is filled with a gas lighter than air. It rises off the ground. (4) Paper is expensive. It is made from alfalfa. (5) Water is rarely pure enough to drink. It is taken from a river. (6) An engine is run at maximum speed for a long time. It may start to
Warehouses are places in which goods are stored. Warehouses are places where … 注意: The temperature at which water boils depends on the pressure 不能写为The temperature where… 理由?
相关文档
最新文档