(完整版)高考英语【名词性从句】
名词性从句完整版经典实用
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(2)It +be+形容词 (necessary/natural/wonderful/likely/strange/important/certain等 )+that从句
eg.It is wonderful that all of you have passed the difficult exam.
•名词性从句完整版
•13
误:If Mary really heard him is really doubtful. 正:Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful. 正:It was doubtful if /whether Mary really heard him.
•名词性从句完整版
⒈连词:引导从句但不作任何成分。
⑴that—没有意义,引导主/宾/表/同位语从句。 ①It is said that there will be a party tonight. ②They say (that) there will be a party tonight. ③Why he failed was that he made a vital mistake. ④The key that he succeeded lied in his hard work. ⑵if—是否,引导宾语从句,主语从句。
2 It was a pity that you failed in the exam.
•名词性从句完整版
用it 作形式主语的结构
• It+be+名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/a surprise/no wonder等)+ that从句
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
eg. It is a pity that you have missed the wonderful lecture.
高考英语名词性从句讲解(最全版)
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引导词
名词性从句引导词的用法(1):
从句中的每一个引导词都有3个功能,分别如下:
“that”---无词义、不作成份、起连接作用
从属连词
“if”--- “是否”、不作成份、起连接作用
“whether”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作 用
“that”---无词义、不作成份、起连接作用
1、That we will realize our dreams in the future is
1、English is very useful for us . 2、The subject I am interested in is English. 3、We need to master English well. 4、He want to learn the language , English . (同位语)
“who”---“谁”、作主语、起连接作用 “whom”--Байду номын сангаас“谁”、作宾语、起连接作用
连接代词
“what”---“事情”、作主表宾、起连接作用 “which”---“哪----”、作定语、起连接作用 “whose”---“谁的”、作定语、起连接作用
“who”---“谁”、作主语、起连接作用
1、Who will go to the college is still uncertain .
(主语从句)
2、The thing I am anxious about is whom he will turn to for help . (表语从句) 3、His mother asked him whom he could believe in .
(宾语从句)
“what”---“事情”、作主表宾语、起连接作用
高考英语语法知识点:名词性从句
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高考英语语法知识点:名词性从句1500字名词性从句是指在句子中充当名词的成分的从句。
名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
在高考英语中,名词性从句是考查的重点之一,我们需要对名词性从句的结构和用法有透彻的理解。
下面是关于名词性从句的一些重要知识点:1.主语从句主语从句在句中充当主语的作用。
主语从句通常以that引导,也可以用whether或if 引导。
例如:- That he is guilty is certain.- Whether we will win the game is yet to be seen.- If it will rain tomorrow is still uncertain.2.宾语从句宾语从句在句中充当宾语的作用。
宾语从句通常以that引导,也可以用whether或if 引导。
需要注意的是,当主句的动词是说、tell、ask、think、believe、know等表示说话、思考、感觉的动词时,常用连词that引导宾语从句,但如果宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同,可以省略连词that。
例如:- I know that he is a good student.- She asked me if/whether I had finished my homework.- He told her (that) he loved her.3.表语从句表语从句在句中充当表语的作用。
表语从句通常以that引导,也可以用whether或if 引导。
例如:- The fact that he didn't come is disappointing.- The question is whether we should proceed with the plan.- My concern is if/whether we have enough time.4.同位语从句同位语从句用来解释或说明前面名词的具体内容或意义。
专题02 名词性从句(原卷版)(全国通用版)-高考英语复习
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专题02 名词性从句I.概念名词在句中一般可以作主语、表语、宾语和同位语等。
1. Water freezes below zero. (作主语)2. Eric was a world famous director. (作表语)3. Would you like some bananas? (作宾语)4. Eric, my English teacher, got promoted last year. (作同位语)相当于名词的从句称为名词性从句,分别称之为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
II. 知识重点与难点一、名词性从句的连接词如下:1.从属连词:that无词义,在从句中不充当成分,在动宾从句中可省略。
whether/ if有词义,但在从句中不充当成分, if 主要用于宾语从句中。
2.连接代词who(ever), whom(ever), whose, what(ever), which(ever) 有词义,在从句中充当成分。
3. 连接副词when, where, why, how 有词义,在从句中充当状语。
二、主语从句:在句子中作主语的从句叫主语从句。
1. 由从属连词引导, 连词本身在从句中不做成分。
That Eric is the most handsome teacher in our school is known to all. (从句作主语,且从句不缺成分,无词义缺失,因此用that。
)Whether he will come or not is not known yet. (从句作主语,从句完整,但缺乏表示“是否”的词,因此用whether。
)2. 由连接代词引导,连词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
Who will go remains to be discussed. (从句作主语,who 在主语从句中作主语,表示“某人,谁”。
)What we need is more time. (从句作主语,what 在主语从句中作need 的宾语,表示“东西,什么”。
(完整word版)高中英语名词性从句讲解
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适用文档名词性从句解说在复合句中起名作用的从句叫做名性从句。
它包含主从句、从句、表从句和同位从句。
名性从句是中学段的一个重要法目,在年的高考取几乎都波及到,而且每年的命各有化。
解析届高考名性从句考的焦点主要有以下六个方面1. 考名性从句的序2. 考引 that 与 what 的区3. 考 it 在名性从句中作形式主或形式的用法4. 考 whether 与 if 的区5. 考名性从句中的疑+ever 引的名性从句与no matter+ 疑引的状从句的区6.考名性从句的虚气法重点解析一、名性从句主从句、表从句、从句、同位从句,在整个句子中所起的作用,相当于一个名。
所以,四种从句通称名性从句。
引名性从句的接可分三:接: that, whether, if(不充任从句的任何成分)接代: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.接副: when, where, how, why1.主从句作句子主的从句叫主从句。
主从句往常由附属that ,whether ,if和接代what ,who,which ,whatever , whoever 以及接副 how, when, where, why 等引。
that 在句中无,只起接作用;接代和接副在句中既保存自己的疑含、又起接作用,在从句中充任从句的成分。
比如:What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我什么,不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer.我都知道他是如何成一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英晚会将在哪里行,没有宣告。
有防止句子重脚,常用形式主it取代主从句作形式主放于句首,而把主从句置于句末。
主从句后的一般用数形式。
高中英语名词性从句讲义(超详细版)
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高中英语名词性从句讲义(超详细版)一.定义:在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1. His words are true. What he said is true.2. The dog sensed something good. The dog sensed that there was something good nearby.3. These are his words. These are what he said.4. My Maths teacher, Mr He, is a kind person. The news that the plane had crashed made us sad.二.引导名词性从句的连接词连词:在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用 that, 无实义whether, if 是否as if \ as though 似乎,好像连接代词:有词义,在句中担任主语,表语,定语或宾语。
what, 什么 who, 谁whom, 谁,作宾语 whose, 谁的 which, 哪一个whatever, whoever……也可以引导。
连接副词:有词义,在句中担任状语。
when ,什么时候 where, 什么地方 why, 为什么 how ,怎么样how many, how much, how often三.主语从句1. 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
(完整版)高中英语名词性从句及练习题
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高考英语-—名词性从句高中英语名词性从句是高考考查的重点,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句及同位语从句。
下面来进行一一讲解。
名词性从句(1)主语从句1。
定义:用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。
2. 构成:关联词+简单句3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类:(1)从属连词that。
如:That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them。
很明显,她们确是亲姐妹,她们的脸型很相似。
(2) 从属连词whether。
如:Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear。
他是否会来这里还不清楚.(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。
如: What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚.How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。
Whoever comes is welcome。
不论谁来都欢迎。
Wherever you are is my home --—— my only home。
你所在的任何地方就是我的家—-—-我唯一的家。
解释: 1。
主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。
常以it作形式主语的句型有:A。
It+be+形容词(obvious,true, natural, surprising,good, wonderful,funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。
如: It is certain that she will do well in her exam。
毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。
高考英语语法总复习名词性从句
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• 一、名词性从句的种类
• 名词性从句是起名词作用的从句,包括主语从句、宾语从 句、表语从句、同位语从句。
请思考:
1、English is very useful for us . 2、We need to master English well. 3、The subject I am interested in is English. 4、He want to learn the language , English .
• that引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语,常 见句型有: • ①it+be+形容词(如: obvious,true,natural, surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible, likely,certain,probable,evident,clear, apparent等)+that从句。 • It is evident that lung cancer is closely related to smoking.
注意:
1. 在口语或非正式问题中,引导宾语从句的that常省略,但 在下面情况下,that 一般不省略 (1) 当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时,除第一 个从句的that外,都不可省略。 He told me (that) the power would be cut off and that I should get out. (2)形式宾语it后的that及介词后面的that不能省略。 2. 如果主句主语是第一人称,谓语动词是think ,consider, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,后面的宾语 从句含有否定意义,否定转移。 I don't think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你。
高考英语名词性从句讲解(最全版)
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复合句
4.Both Tom and Mike are American boys. 简单句 5.He said that he has known all before. 复合句
A
3
复合句:主句+引导词+从句
定语从句
复合句 名词性从句
状语从句
A
4
请思考 定语从句的定义:
起定语作用,用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
6. The fact is that she never knew the secret.
(从句作表语)
3. 在句中充当表语的从句(即放在be动词后面) 叫做表语从句。
A
12
注意:
The reason for his absence was that he was ill in hospital.
I think it best that you should seek for a solution to the problem.
在口语或非正式文体中,引导宾语从句的连词that 常可省 略。但形式宾语it后面的that 不能省略。
A
11
5. You are a student.
(名词作表语)
英语名词性从句
Noun Clause
A
1
Review: 英语句子的种类有两种,按句子的用途
可分为陈述、疑问、祈使和感叹句四种。
而按句子的结构可分三种:
主语+谓语
主语+谓语+宾语
1) 简单句
主语+系动词+表语 主语+谓语+间宾+直宾
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
2) 并列句 简单句+并列连词+简单句
高考英语一轮复习——名词性从句(附答案)
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高考英语一轮复习——名词性从句(附答案)I. 考点分析名词性从句包括:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,多由连词that,wh- 疑问词或由what,whatever等关系代词引导,其中同位语从句在高考考试中最常见。
1. 主语从句1) 主语从句在句子中充当主语,句子的谓语动词用第三人称单数。
如:Why he refused to work with you is still mystery.Whoever comes is welcome.2) 主语从句前的that不能省略,仅起连接作用,有时为了保持句子平衡,that从句后置,而由it作形式主语。
如:That he became a lawyer may have been due to his mother’s influence.It is not true that he has moved to New York.2. 宾语从句在句子中充当宾语,如:I don’t know where the sound came from.Don’t be satisfied with what you have achieved.3.当从句放在系动词be, look, remain, seem等后即构成表语从句。
The trouble is that I have lost his address.It seemed that the night would never end.4. 1) 同位语从句是对与之同位的名词中心词作进一步解释,能接名词性从句的常见名词有: idea, fact, news, belief, hope, evidence, opinion, problem, truth, answer, proposal, theory, decision, discovery, problem, thought, understanding 等。
(完整版)高考英语【名词性从句】
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(完整版)高考英语【名词性从句】专题十名词性从句第一节基本知识与基本概念【什么是名词性从句?】顾名思义,主语从句在句子中作主语。
有时本身出现在主语的位置上,也有时出于句子结构的考虑退到句子的尾部,前面用形式主语it代替。
从句作主语时,谓语动词一般为单数形式。
如: What I saw was beyond any verbal description.That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit.Why the company denied the contract is still unknown.When and where the government will build a city square is under discussion.It is pretty annoying that a small part of the machine is missing.It remains to be seen whether the new novel will be well received.【宾语从句】在句子中作宾语的从句就是宾语从句。
由于这是同学们接触比较早的一种从句,应该问题不大。
所以在近年的高考题中,以宾语从句的知识作为考点的题目较少。
但是,宾语从句也有自己的特殊情况,如介词的宾语,形容词的宾语,宾语从句提前和并列的宾语从句等现象。
如:We assumed that there would be more than 100 guests.He told the police in detail what he saw and heard.Nobody is sure what humans will look like in a million years.That will depend on whether they can get the chance.Whether I will have the time I am not sure at the moment.The conductor complained that we were not gifted in singing and that he would never come again.【表语从句】表语从句的最重要脸谱就是它们应该出现在系动词的后面。
(完整版)高中英语名词性从句详解
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(完整版)高中英语名词性从句详解名词性从句【名词性从句】相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
因此,名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
宾语从句——在复合句中作主句及物动词的宾语,也可作介词或某些形容词的宾语1。
连接词从属连词that whether if 不担任成分只起连接作用关系代词who whom whose whatwhich既担任成分,又起连接作用。
主语,宾语或表语等关系副词when where why how 既担任成分,又起连接作用常担任状语◆I think (that) you will like the pictures。
◆ He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago。
◆ I don't know why Jane was late for school this morning。
◆The teacher is pleased with what she said。
◆I’m afraid that I can’t go to the party。
2.注意事项(that通常可以省略)。
但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that 不可省。
◆He told me (that) he was ill and that he would not come to the party。
②陈述语序◆ I want to know what he has told you。
◆ She will give whoever needs help a warm support。
③注意宾语从句中的时态呼应。
当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用不同时态。
当主句动词是过去时态(could, would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。
完整版)高中英语名词性从句详解
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完整版)高中英语名词性从句详解名词性从句可以作为主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
它们分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
宾语从句作为复合句中的主句及物动词的宾语,也可以作为介词或某些形容词的宾语。
它不担任成分,只起连接作用。
连接词可以是从属连词、关系代词、关系副词。
从属连词包括that、whether、if;关系代词包括who、whom、whose、what、which;关系副词包括when、where、why、how。
这些词既担任成分,又起连接作用。
宾语从句的例子有:I think (that) you will like the pictures。
He has e what he wanted to be ten years ago。
I don’t know why Jane was late for school this morning。
The teacher is pleased with what she said。
I'm afraid that I can't go to the party.在宾语从句中,由that引导的从句可以省略,但如果从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省略。
另外,宾语从句中的时态要与主句呼应,如果主句动词是过去时态,从句则要用相应的过去时态。
如果从句表示的是客观真理、科学原理或自然现象,从句仍用现在时态。
如果主语谓语动词为think、consider、suppose、believe、expect、guess、imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。
XXX。
It is often said that traveling broadens the mind。
I XXX I was determined to carry out the plan。
I consider it XXX。
(word完整版)高考英语语法名词性从句
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上海高考英语语法考点:名词性从句名词性从句:在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
在复合句中能作主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。
形容词性从句即定语从句;副词性从句即状语从句;名词性从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词1,从属连词五个:that无词义,在从句中不做成分,在宾语从句中可省略。
whether,if 有词义,在从句中不做成分,不可以省略。
as if, as though不做成分。
2,连接代词九个:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever,有词义,在从句中做成分,不可以省略。
3,连接副词七个:when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however有词义,在从句中做状语,不可以省略。
二. 主语从句1,主语从句:通常由下列词引导:从属连词that,whether ;连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever,whom;连接副词how,when,where,why 等。
It is known to us how he became a writer.2,常用it作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。
谓语动词一般用单数形式。
It is a fact that,It is an honor that,It is common,It is a pity that,It is said that,It seems that, It is natural that3,It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较: It 作形式主语是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。
it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that引导,强调人时也可用who。
4,主语从句不可位于句首的情况:It is said /reported...;It happens/occurs (I)doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。
(完整版)高考英语【名词性从句】.doc
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专题十名词性从句第一节基本知识与基本概念【什么是名词性从句?】根据从句在句子中的功能分根据从句的性质分定语从句形容词性从句主语从句宾语从句名词性从句表语从句同位语从句状语从句副词性从句【主语从句】顾名思义,主语从句在句子中作主语。
有时本身出现在主语的位置上,也有时出于句子结构的考虑退到句子的尾部,前面用形式主语it 代替。
从句作主语时,谓语动词一般为单数形式。
如: What I saw was beyond any verbal description.That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit.Why the company denied the contract is still unknown.When and where the government will build a city square is under discussion.It is pretty annoying that a small part of the machine is missing.It remains to be seen whether the new novel will be well received.【宾语从句】在句子中作宾语的从句就是宾语从句。
由于这是同学们接触比较早的一种从句,应该问题不大。
所以在近年的高考题中,以宾语从句的知识作为考点的题目较少。
但是,宾语从句也有自己的特殊情况,如介词的宾语,形容词的宾语,宾语从句提前和并列的宾语从句等现象。
如:We assumed that there would be more than 100 guests.He told the police in detail what he saw and heard.Nobody is sure what humans will look like in a million years.That will depend on whether they can get the chance.Whether I will have the time I am not sure at the moment.The conductor complained that we were not gifted in singing and that he would never come again.【表语从句】表语从句的最重要脸谱就是它们应该出现在系动词的后面。
高考英语语法专题汇总(三):名词性从句(附例题及电子版)
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2020高考英语语法专题汇总(三):名词性从句(附例题及电子版)在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫作名词性从句。
包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
注:由于名词性从句在句中不同的句法功能(即名词性从句在复合句中,能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。
)相应地,名词性从句可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
2主语从句主语从句可直接放在句首,也可用形式主语it代替,而将主语从句后置。
•that引导的主语从句1)that引导的主语从句置于句首(that此时在从句中不充当任何成分,无含义,只起连接作用,不能省略)That the earth moves around the sun is known to all.注:从句作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
2)在that引导的主语从句中,常用it作形式主语,that引导的真正的主语从句后置,常见的此类句型有:①It+系动词+形容词+that从句。
常用于这种结构的形容词有:It is likely that he can’t come to the meeting.It is obvious that you have made a big mistake.注:It isnecessary/important/surprising/strange/unthin kable/unbelievable/incredible that+主语(should)+动词原形+其它。
例:It is necessary that a college student (should) master one or two foreign languages.It is strange that you (should) trust Jane.②It+系动词+名词+that从句。
常用于这种结构的名词有:It is a pity that you didn’t attend the lecture yesterday.It is no wonder that you’ve achieved so much success.③It+ be+过去分词+that从句。
高考英语名词性从句专题(精辟)
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名词性从句名词性从句的考查要点:(1) What ,that 引导名词性从句的区别;(2) Whether ,if 引导名词性从句的区别;(3) 同位语从句和定语从句的区别;一、 名词性从句概述在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses )。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、和同位语,因此根据它在句中充当不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
二、名词性从句比较请注意1、名词性从句中的that 省略情况:动词后的宾语从句和表语从句中的that 可以省略。
2、No matter +wh-开头的词如no matter what 等只能连接让步状语从句。
而wh-开头的词+ever 如whatever 等既能连接让步状语从句,也能连接名词性从句。
解题步骤和原则:分析复合句结构,找出从句,确定名词性从句中的哪一类。
分析从句,结合上表中各个连接词的特点,缺什么补什么。
主语从句应注意的问题主语从句中It 作形式主语常用句型:1. It + be +形容词(obvious, true, natural, possible, likely, probable, certain,wonderful, good, etc.) + that 从句2. It + be +名词词组(no wonder ,a pity ,an honor, a good thing, no surprise , etc.) +that 从句3. It + be + 过去分词(said, thought, reported, expected, announced, decided , etc.)+ that 从句4. It +不及物动词(seem, happen, etc.) + that 从句5. It doesn’t matter(make no different, etc.) + 连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句Eg: It is certain that she will do well in her exam.Eg形式主语主语从句1.(2012课标·全国I) It is by no means clear__________ the president can do to end the strike.A.howB. whichC. thatD. what2.(2012天津,7) It doesn’t matter _______you turn right or left at the crossing — both roadslead to the park.A. whetherB. howC. ifD. when3.(2012江西,25) It suddenly occurred to him_________ he had left his keys in the office.A. whetherB. whereC. whichD. that宾语从句应注意的问题1. if /whether表示“是否” 可以互换,但以下情况只能用whether,不用if. (1)在介词后面Eg:Everything depends on whether we have enough time.(2)与or not连用Eg:I don’t know whether he will come or not.(3)宾语从句提前时Eg:whether they can come here on time, we don’t know.(4)后面跟不定式Eg:I really don’t know whether to accept or refuse.2. 宾语从句的时态(一般来说,主从句时态要统一。
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专题十名词性从句第一节基本知识与基本概念【什么是名词性从句?】顾名思义,主语从句在句子中作主语。
有时本身出现在主语的位置上,也有时出于句子结构的考虑退到句子的尾部,前面用形式主语it代替。
从句作主语时,谓语动词一般为单数形式。
如: What I saw was beyond any verbal description.That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit.Why the company denied the contract is still unknown.When and where the government will build a city square is under discussion.It is pretty annoying that a small part of the machine is missing.It remains to be seen whether the new novel will be well received.【宾语从句】在句子中作宾语的从句就是宾语从句。
由于这是同学们接触比较早的一种从句,应该问题不大。
所以在近年的高考题中,以宾语从句的知识作为考点的题目较少。
但是,宾语从句也有自己的特殊情况,如介词的宾语,形容词的宾语,宾语从句提前和并列的宾语从句等现象。
如:We assumed that there would be more than 100 guests.He told the police in detail what he saw and heard.Nobody is sure what humans will look like in a million years.That will depend on whether they can get the chance.Whether I will have the time I am not sure at the moment.The conductor complained that we were not gifted in singing and that he would never come again.【表语从句】表语从句的最重要脸谱就是它们应该出现在系动词的后面。
如:The only question left is how often the workers are paid.His idea for the coming weekend is that we go skating.【同位语从句】从脸谱上看,同位语从句最为麻烦。
因为它们也是出现在一个名词的后面,起着解释说明的作用。
有点像定语从句。
这个点是许多学生容易混淆的地方。
但是,只有我们能把握住关键,即:定语从句的先行词在从句中必须作一个成分,并且这个成分应该是个空白,也就是说,定语从句必须缺少成分。
这一点恰恰是同位语从句所不能做到的。
同位语从句前面的名词在从句中是没有位置的。
况且,也不是所有的名词后面都会跟同位语从句,只有那些“有内容的名词”才需要解释。
如fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt等。
如:That fact that the policeman didn’t fire at the man at all was ignored.Do you have any idea what is going on in the classroom.The possibility that we can work at home makes everybody excited.【连接代词、连接副词和连接词】通过以上介绍,我们可以看出,四种名词性从句都需要有一个连接性词在从句的开头。
这个词是什么性质,要看它在从句中作作的成分,如果作的是主语、宾语、表语的话,这个词就是连接代词;如果作的是各种状语,就叫连接副词;如果不作任何成分,就叫连接词。
如下表:连接词that, if, whether引导名词性从句的连接词连接代词who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever连接副词when, where, how, why第二节考点分类解析【考点一:语序问题】名词性从句的语序问题一直断断续续地在各地高考题目中出现,由此可见其重要性。
其实说来非常简单易记:永远陈述语气。
即名词性从句中不会出现助动词提前的现象。
如:Who he is doesn’t matter much.When and where we shall have the sports meet is a question.I don’t know what his name is.I don’t know what is wrong with him. = I don’t know what is the matter with him.You can’t imagine how excited I was at that time.Can you tell me what size shoes you wear?No one can be sure ______ in a million years.A. what will man look likeB. what man will look likeC. man will look like whatD. what look will man like答案:B。
这个题就是典型的考查宾语从句的语序问题。
根据以上所述,应该是陈述语序。
所以A、C 两个选项就不可能了。
而D选项明显不符合我们的语言习惯。
【考点二:that和what的区别问题】能引导名词性从句的关系代词有who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever八个。
为何单独讲what的用法呢?重要!在考试中出现的频率高!在本书第一章《定语从句》中,我们提到过,what是不能引导定语从句的。
定语从句中如果缺少的成分是主语、宾语、表语,我们选择的是关系代词that或其他。
现在山头换了,到了名词性从句的知识范围了。
What在名词性从句中就很有用武之地了。
还是分析成分,what 在从句中作的主语、宾语、表语。
而that只是一个“连接词”,既不作什么成分,也没有什么意义。
如:What you did doesn’t agree with what you promised.What he couldn’t understand was why his teacher was never satisfied with him.The matter of salary is what I care most if I decide to change my profession.What we can’t get always seems better than what we have already got.I think that your composition is no better than his.That you don’t love her is not my business.What we have seen is different from _______.A. we heardB. we have heardC. what we heardD. what we have heardI couldn’t agree with ______ at the meeting.A. that you saidB. which you saidC. all what you saidD. what you said【考点三:that和whether的区别问题】有时候,它们两个比较难以区别,因为,它们都是连接词,都在从句中不作成分。
但是,它们之间最大的区别在于“意义”。
即that在从句中既不作成分,也没有自己的意义;而whether就不同了。
它虽然不在从句中作什么成分,但是它又意义,即“是否”。
这就能够左右从句的意思,使从句所表达的意思变成一个还没有确定的因素。
如:I don’t know whether he can join us or not.I’m sure that he can join us.It is none of your business whether I love her.It is none of your business that I don’t love her.综上所述,区分that还是whether,重要一点就是看主句需要从句表达一个什么意思,是确定的,还是不确定的;是事实还是疑问。
前者选that,后者选whether。
如:I have no doubt _____ Mr. Johnson will make it here on time.A. thatB. whetherC. whyD. when答案:A。
这个题之所以选择that,就是因为前面的I have no doubt(毫无疑问),这样的主句已经不再需要从句表达什么“是否”了。
No one can be sure _____ the board will accept our conditions.A. thatB. whetherC. whyD. what答案:B。
这个题中的No one can be sure(没有人能肯定)就要求从句表达一个“董事会能否接受我们的条件”的意思,而不能是一个既定的事实。
【考点四:if和whether的区别问题】二者在引导宾语从句时都有“是否”之意。
但并不是永远可以互换。
一般认为,二者可以互换的环境也只有在宾语从句中。
如:He didn’t give us explicit reply whether/if he will attend our wedding ceremony.而在介词的宾语从句中,在主语从句中,在表语从句中,在同位语从句中,在和不定式搭配的结构中等等,习惯上只能用whether。
如:1. _______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. IfB. WhetherC. ThatD. Where2. The question of _______ they are old or young is not important.A. whichB. whetherC. howD. if3. The question is ______ the film is worth seeing.A. ifB. whatC. whetherD. how4. He doesn’t know ______ to stay or not.A. ifB. whenC. whetherD. how5. The news _____ our team has won the match is unknown.A. whichB. ifC. whetherD. then值得注意的是:有些资料依然强调if不能与or not搭配的问题。