基于单片机液位控制的设计

单片机原理与应用

课程设计报告

题目：基于单片机的液位控制器设计

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xx年xx月xx日

目录

1 绪论 (5)

2 系统总体设计 (6)

2.1设计思路 (6)

2.2 系统框图 (6)

2.3 设计原理分析 (7)

2.4 电路工作原理................................................................................................

错误!未定义书签。

3 系统硬件设计 (9)

3.1 驱动电路设计 (9)

3.2 报警电路设计 (9)

3.3液位指示电路设计............................. 错误!未定义书签。

3.4压力自动控制模拟和手动操作控制电路设计 ..... 错误!未定义书签。

3.5晶振电路..................................... 错误!未定义书签。

3.6 复位电路 (14)

4 系统软件设计 (15)

4.1 软件设计说明 (15)

4.2主程序流程图 (15)

4.3液位控制程序流程图 (15)

5 设计的结果 (18)

6 总结............................................. 错误!未定义书签。

附录................................................ 错误!未定义书签。

摘要

该设计是由单片机AT89C51控制的锅炉水位控制器，它主要有硬件和软件部分共同完成控制系统功能。其中硬件部分主要由水位检测电路、驱动电路、夜位指示电路以及压力自动控制模拟和手动控制等部分组成；软件部分主要由汇编语言所编写的程序组成。本系统可实现液位报警、控制和压力控制等功能，并对液位进行数字显示。

电路主要实现功能是液位检测和报警，然后控制水泵的启停。液位控制主要的控制的对象是水泵，容器是锅炉，液位的检测可根据探测器探测得到。液位正常情况下控制在一定测量点距离段之间，当液位低于或高于正常水位段下限和上限是进行光报警，若液位在正常液位时，则解除报警。当液位低于液位下限时，水泵一直注水，而高于上限实则关闭水泵，并且当液位处于不同探测电时，可显示相应数字来显示液位。压力检测主要由一个开关来模拟压力的高低，并用指示灯的亮灭来模拟风机的运行和停止，另设手动操作按钮，用以人为启动水泵和风机。

关键词：单片机控制检测报警

ABSTRACT

The design of boiler water level controller is controlled by single chip microcomputer AT89C51, it mainly are part of the complete control system hardware and software functions. The hardware part is mainly composed of water level indication circuit detection circuit, drive circuit, night and pressure parts such as simulation of automatic control and manual control; Software part is mainly composed of programs written in assembly language. This system can realize the function such as liquid level alarm, control and pressure control, and the liquid level digital display.

Circuit functionality is largely liquid level detection and alarm, and then control the pump start-up. Liquid level control of main control object is the water pump, a container is boiler, liquid level detection can be obtained according to the detector. Liquid level control in a certain period of measurement point distance between normal, when the liquid level is less than or higher than the normal water level is lower limit and upper limit alarm light, if the liquid level in the normal level, cancel the alarm. When the liquid level is less than level lower limit, the pump has been flooding, above the ceiling actually shut down pumps, and when the liquid level in different detecting electric, it can display the corresponding number to display liquid level. Pressure testing is mainly composed of a switch to simulate the stress of high and low, and destroy the light of lights to simulate the operation of the fan and stop, the other a manual button, to start the pump and fan.

Key words: single chip microcomputer control detection alarm