2018年天津高考英语：巧解高考完型 (1)

2018年天津高考英语：巧解高考完型众所周知，完形填空往往是同学们在考试当中失分最多、提分最慢也是最没把握的一个题型。

这也令我们大部分的高三考生头疼不已。

今天，我们就来帮助大家好好分析一下这个“障碍”，下文会给大家一些实用的解题小建议，已起到“敲砖引玉”的作用。

从命题规律上说，高考完形填空遵循“文章内容体现生活化”和“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”的命题原则，综合考查考生的语言知识与能力。

体裁多以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主。

未来高考完形填空题将更加侧重于考查语境，而实词能较好地体现语境。

因此，动词、名词、形容词和副词的运用将会是完形填空考查的重中之重。

一、考情分析命题规律：高考完形填空遵循“文章内容体现生活化”和“以实词为主、虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”的名词原则，综合考查考生的语言知识与能力。

命题趋势：未来高考完形填空题将更加侧重于考查语境，而实词能较好地体现语境。

因此，动词、名词、形容词和副词的运用将会是完形填空考查的重中之重。

二、真题统计三、解题步骤1. 通读原文——抓中心，理逻辑，懂大意第一遍读文章时不要做题，而是跳过空格，通读试题所给的要填空的短文，获得整体印象，做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨，较好地把握短文大意。

在读第一遍时要注意先读懂文章的首句和末句，因为这两句往往是没有被挖空的句子。

它们往往是全文的关键句，是文章的“窗口”和“指南”，可作为解题的突破口。

通过读文章的首句一般可判断文章的体裁、人物、时间、事件和事态等。

文章的最后一句或最后一段，往往是故事发展的结果，所陈述的事件的结论、启示性的提示，或是对全篇文章的概括。

因此，先读一读末句对理解文章是很有帮助的。

①首句：一般不设空——画一个中心词（人/事/物）首句通常是文章的主题句，通常不设空，便于考生对短文主体、内容或背景有个大概了解。

它的目的是向考生提供时间、地点、人物、事件、论点等有用的信息。

把握主题句，对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。

（2016天津）The journey my daughter Cathy has had with swimming is as long as it is beautiful.②带空阅读且简单空可以填——固定搭配，语感，简单推断（2016课标全国Ⅲ）Just before September, Miller was struck b a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from 4 _____.A. school③尾句/尾段——确认自己对于文章中心的把握（2015天津）My fiance (未婚夫) and I were excited about shopping for our first home.That’s how we found our home and how I learned that when people are ____, they are not strangers, only friends we haven’t met yet.2.精读+做题——解题技巧①语境信息解题法——（两类提示+三大原则）提示信息的种类：词，句子......提示信息的位置：上文，下文，紧邻，较远（牢记原则和放一放原则）完形填空最主要的特点就是语境，即上下文。

所以语境便是我们做题最重要的法门。

完形填空中，有80%-90%的空都可以在上下文中找到提示信息，所以我们在做题的过程中，一定要注意该空的前后文。

这些提示信息可能是一个词，句子，事件或者“and”“but”连词。

它们可能就在该空的上一句或下一句，也可能在距离该空比较远的地方。

对于提示词比较远的时候，我们有两种选择：①先猜，然后通过后文的提示进行确认；②先放一放，找到提示信息再返回做题。

提示信息的种类：a.有时候，设空的提示信息就是与之相关的一个词，通过这个词，我们可以从四个选项中排除出正确的答案。

（2016天津）Cathy suffered some terrible 16____ in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she 17____became healthy.16.A. failure B. pressure C. loss D. IllnessIt was the greatest 34_____ of my daughter’s life. With all she had been 35______ in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph(成功).34.A. discovery B. choice C. influence D. Moment（2016北京）How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s 4____ was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship.4.b.提示信息是一个句子：有时候我们的提示信息是一个句子，比如冒号或破折号之后的解释说明或者说话内容或者从句。

1.（2016天津）There were moments of 28_____ of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race.28.A. frustration B. delight C. excitement D. surprise2.（2016四川）By the end of the first chapter, 16____ were coming from the back seat:“Please read a little 17____.”16.3.（2015天津）The next day, we got a 27____ message that another buyer had offereda much higher price.27.A. relaxing B. disappointing C. pleasant D. Regularc.牢记原则（2016课标全国Ⅲ）That season, I ____ all of Miller’s records while he ____ the home games from the bench. We went 10-1and I was named most valuable player, ____ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s ____....His words freed me from my bad ____.d.放一放原则（2015课标Ⅱ）He looks around at ____. He stops when ___- someone with no gloves. He gives them a pair and then he ____, looking for more people with cold ____.A.cars numbers lights（2014陕西）_____ was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock. ...____ we were walking towards the scene, Tenyson become very _____ about what had happened to the elderly couple.A. Her husbandB. My sonC. The crowdD. The seller e.整句读原则（2015天津）But our funds were ____, none of the houses in our prices range seemed satisfactory.②复现解题法这类题多为同义词、近义词和反义词的复现形式。

这种题型主要考查考生的整体篇章意识和上下文推断能力。

（2016天津）From that day on, Cathy k ept swimming and didn’t ___ a single practice. She had a ___ intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten-year-old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this ___ human being with a passion and mission.A.rich（2015陕西）Dad had a green comb. He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his ____ and say, “good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK?”...... When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you help me ___ my comb?” I looked at him for a while, then ___ the comb and beaded to the sink.A.bag（2016四川）“No, it’s too long and it doesn’t have any _______,”complained L ainey. “Oh, that’s where you are ____; there are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures; you just have to read the words to ____ them. It’s like magic.”A. Pictures③固定搭配、习惯用法解题法习惯用法是英语中固定的结构,是不能随意改的.平时学习中应注意积累及掌握好习惯用法.同时,应多注意词语辨析及词语搭配,要培养在特定语境中灵活运用词语的能力. 对于这类型的考查，要求学生平时多积累并且牢记。