M2U2 Friend (P34-36)
2AM3U2教案
2AM3U2教案教案：2AM3U2一、教学内容1. 词汇：father, mother, brother, sister, friend, doctor, teacher, student2. 句型：Introduce family and friends, Ask and answer about family and friends二、教学目标1. 学生能够听懂、说出一系列家庭成员和朋友的相关词汇。
2. 学生能够运用所学的句型，介绍自己的家庭成员和朋友。
3. 学生能够在真实情境中，用英语进行简单的交流。
三、教学难点与重点1. 重点：家庭成员和朋友的相关词汇，以及句型的运用。
2. 难点：单词的发音和拼写，句型的正确使用。
四、教具与学具准备1. 教具：PPT，图片，卡片2. 学具：课本，练习本，铅笔五、教学过程1. 热身（5分钟）教师通过与学生问候，引入本节课的主题。
2. 引入（10分钟）教师通过展示图片，引导学生说出家庭成员和朋友的相关词汇。
3. 讲解（10分钟）教师通过PPT，讲解句型的用法，并进行示范。
4. 练习（10分钟）教师通过小组活动，让学生练习句型的使用。
5. 巩固（10分钟）教师通过游戏，让学生在实际情境中运用所学知识。
六、板书设计1. 板书关键词：family, friends, father, mother, brother, sister, friend, doctor, teacher, student2. 板书句型：Introduce family and friends, Ask and answer about family and friends七、作业设计1. 作业题目：请用所学的句型，介绍自己的家庭成员和朋友。
2. 作业答案：My family and friends: My father is a doctor, my mother is a teacher, my brother is a student, my sister is a friend.八、课后反思及拓展延伸1. 教师对本节课的教学效果进行反思，找出需要改进的地方。
M2U2
Name Age Appearance
brother sister Paul
Can
read
Can’t
6
10
short thin
write
ride
Sally
Peter
tall thin short thin
dance
me
8
play swim football
Look! It’s me. My name’s Peter. I’m short and thin. I’m eight years old. I can play football, but I can’t swim.
True or False: 1.( 2.( 3.( 4.( ) Tom is fat. ) Father is short. ) Father can play football. ) Mother and Grandmother like eating cakes. 5.( T ) This is a picture of Alice’s family.
Can
read
Can’t
6
10
short thin
write
ride
Sally
Peter
tall thin short thin
dance
me
8
play swim football
This is my brother. His name is Paul. He’s six years old. He’s short. He’s thin. He can read, but he can’t write.
father and mother, i love you.家庭源自Peter’s family
M2U2
Module 2 Me , my parents and my friends学案Unit 1 I can speak English .一．教学目标1、学习目标To understand the names of some sportsTo process information of sports in the listeningTo talk about what people can do2、能力目标Enable students to talk about what they can do.Enable students to introduce their personal information.二. 语言知识要点Key-vocabulary: parent, can, basketball, piano, table tennis, tennis, ride, horse, welcome, international, swim, sing.Key-structures:can/ can’t + 动词原形三. 重点及难点: 情态动词can的用法四、学习步骤:I．课前预习Warming-up自主学习A. 写出一组你能够想到的关于体育运动的词汇(至少10个)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________B .Match the words with the pictures .play basketball play football play table tennis play tennisplay the piano ride a bike ride a horse sing swimII.课上探究1、Warming-upT: Hello, class. Today we will learn Module 2. I speak English. I can speak English. You can speak English. We can speak English. Can you speak Chinese?S: --- Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.T: Can you play football?S: --- Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.（通过引入，让学生了解本单元的学习要点。
黄7B M2U2 going to see a film.P35-36 doc
ing prepositions to indicate position.
Materials:
1. The multi-media system.
2. Students’ Book 7B page 34
3. GB: P27 WB: P20
ing prepositions to indicate time
e.g.Can we see the ten twenty show in the morning?
3. Usingformulaic expressions to respond to suggestions
e.g.Sorry, kitty. I can’t make it then.
IV. Assignments
1. Read the passage on P35-36
2. GB: P27 WB: P20
Group work on real situation
Ss are asked to talk about how to get to Lotus Shopping Centre or other famous place near our school.
To develop Ss’ speaking and thinking abilities
Toconsolidate the phrases and language points
6.Retelling on the route
Ss retell the second routes from their homes.
To develop Ss’ thinking ability
新编英语教程2(第三版)第3单元课件电子教案
新编英语教程（第三版）第二册
Unit 3 Pollution Control Lead-In LSP Dialogue Role-Play L&S Reading Writing Exercises
Waited on 24 hours a day by our fully automated crew while your captain and auto pilot try to chart a course for non-stopping entertainment, fine dining, and with our all-access hoverchairs, even Grandma can join the fun. There is no need to walk. The Axiom, putting the star in an executive star liner. BNL CEO: Because at BNL, space is the final fun-tier.
3) I intended to take part in the basketball match yesterday afternoon but I couldn’t because I had a bad fall yesterday morning. I would have liked to take part in the basketball match yesterday afternoon, but I had a bad fall yesterday morning.
这里用了双关的修辞手段一般我们认为太空是人类的frontier而bnl的总裁故意说成是funtier让人们相信太空是欢乐的边疆
英语教案-Unit 3 My friends第二课时
英语教案－Unit3Myfriends第二课时一、教学目标1.知识目标：a.学生能够听懂、会说、会读、会写本课的核心词汇：tall,short,thin,fat,happy,sad。
b.学生能够运用本课所学词汇和句型来描述朋友的外貌和性格特点。
c.学生能够理解并表演课文对话。
2.能力目标：a.培养学生用英语进行简单交流的能力。
b.培养学生观察、描述人物特征的能力。
3.情感目标：a.培养学生热爱生活、关爱朋友的情感。
b.培养学生合作学习的意识。
二、教学重难点1.重点：a.掌握本课的核心词汇和句型。
b.学会描述人物的外貌和性格特点。
2.难点：a.运用所学知识进行真实场景的交流。
b.对人物特征的描述准确、生动。
三、教学准备1.教学课件2.黑板3.课文录音4.人物图片四、教学过程1.导入打招呼，询问学生是否喜欢交朋友，引入课题。
2.新课展示展示课文图片，引导学生观察并描述图片中的人物特征。
播放课文录音，让学生听并模仿发音。
分组讨论，让学生用所学词汇描述自己的朋友。
展示课文对话，引导学生理解并表演。
3.课堂活动活动一：猜猜我是谁a.教师描述一位学生的特征，其他学生猜测是谁。
b.学生互换角色，进行描述和猜测。
活动二：我的朋友a.学生选择一位朋友，用英语描述其外貌和性格特点。
b.其他学生认真听，猜猜是哪位朋友。
4.课堂小结5.课后作业让学生用所学知识写一篇关于朋友的短文，要求描述朋友的外貌和性格特点。
五、教学反思1.本节课通过生动的图片和有趣的课堂活动，激发了学生的学习兴趣，提高了他们的参与度。
2.在课堂活动中，学生能够积极用英语进行交流，提高了他们的口语表达能力。
3.通过课后作业，学生能够巩固所学知识，提高写作能力。
4.在教学过程中，要注意关注学生的个体差异，给予不同层次的学生适当的指导和帮助。
六、教学评价1.课堂表现：观察学生在课堂活动中的参与度、合作意识和交流能力。
2.作业完成情况：检查学生课后作业的完成质量，了解他们对课堂所学内容的掌握情况。
Module2Unit2Friends(课件)牛津上海版(试用本)英语五年级上册
...
Compare and say
Name: _T_o_n_y___ Room: _5_0__5___ Age: _e_i_g_h_t___
Name: _J_o_h__n_n_y Room: _2_0__5___ Age: _n_i_n_e____
Name: _A_n_n__ie__ Room: _3_0__3___ Age: _t_w__e_lv__e_
What a small world! And we live in the same building.
Name: _T_o_n_y___ Room: _5_0__5___ Age: _e_i_g_h_t__
...
Name: _J_o_h__n_n_y Room: _2_0__5___ Age: _n_i_n_e___
CAlunbn: ie: _I_l_i_k_e__s_i_n_g__in__g and dancing.
Kelly: I like doing these things too. And I likeNdaamnec:ingK_b_ee_l_sly_t.__S_o__I__w__a_n_t__t_o_be a
on _d_if_f_e_re_n_t_ floors of the _s_a_m_e_ building.
Listen and read
Hi! I am Tony from Room 505. I go to Rainbow Primary School. How about you?
I’m Johnny from Room 205. We bot, Tony.
Let’s act
I’m eight years old. How about you?
作文范文之《我的室友》英语作文
《我的室友》英语作文【篇一：英语作文：大学生活】after entering college, we found, to our surprise, that differences between high school life and college life are great.in high school, we always depended on our parents and teachers to solve all kinds of difficult problems. at college, however, we have to rely exclusively on ourselves. what＇s more, we have to learn how to get along with our classmates and roommates.four years at college is an important yet very short period of time in our life. so it is always expected that we adapt to thislife as quickly as possible. but it is a pity that not everyone can do so immediately. here are some suggestions.first, get familiar with the main buildings on the campus.spend one or two hours by yourself or with your classmates to go around the campus so that you can know the location of such important places as the library, the dining room, the post office, the clinic and classrooms. next, try to be independent. learn to do大学四年是一个重要然而在我们的生活中很短的时间内。
明德大学英语2unit4答案
明德大学英语2unit4答案一、单选。
（每题2分，共40分）1. The island, ______ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. [单选题] *A. joiningB. to joinC. joined(正确答案)D. having joined2. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ______nothing about the argument. [单选题] *A. saysB. saidC. to sayD. saying(正确答案)3. It’s no use ____________ without taking action. [单选题] *A. complainB. complaining(正确答案)C. being complainedD. to be complained4. The rare fish, _____ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea. [单选题] *A. saved(正确答案)B. savingC. to be savedD. having saved5．Was _____ that I saw last night at the concert? [单选题] *A. it you(正确答案)B. not youC. youD. that yourself6．It was _____ he said _____ disappointed me. [单选题] *A. what, that(正确答案)B. that, thatC. what, whatD. that, what7．It was with great joy____ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. [单选题] *A．becauseB．whichC．sinceD．that(正确答案)8. It is ______ any wonder that his friend doesn’t like watching television much. [单选题] *A. noB. suchC. nearlyD. hardly(正确答案)9. I didn’t see the minister, ____________ did I see the secretary. [单选题] *A. soB. nor(正确答案)C. eitherD. none10. Only when the plan failed __________ his mistakes. [单选题] *A. did he realize(正确答案)B. does he realizeC. he realizedD. he realizes11. If you refuse to go to the party, ___________. [单选题] *A. so would sheB. so does sheC. so will she(正确答案)D. neither will she12. ___________ that we went outing. [单选题] *A. The weather so fineB. So fine the weather isC. So the weather was fineD. So fine was the weather(正确答案)13.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years. [单选题] *A. should beB. would beC. have beenD. had been(正确答案)14.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately. [单选题] *A. speak(正确答案)B. spokeC. will speakD. to speak15.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time. [单选题] *A. wasB. wereC. has beenD. had been(正确答案)16.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _____. [单选题] *A. have laid there for two hoursB. have been lied there for two hoursC. have lied there for two hoursD. have lain there for two hours(正确答案)17. That man was ________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job. [单选题] *A. careB. careful(正确答案)C. carelessD. carelessness18. The soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai. [单选题] *A. dieB. deadC. diedD. death(正确答案)19.—What are you doing here?—Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English.—You can write________passage in English? [单选题] *A. 600 words；a 600-wordsB. 600-word；a 600-wordsC. 600 words；a 600-word(正确答案)D. 600 words；a 600-words20. No one should enter the spot without the_______of the police. [单选题] *A. permitB. permission(正确答案)C. permittingD. permittence二、选适当词汇填空(把选项填进空白格）。
Unit3MyFriends(第二课时)(教案)-2023-2024学年人教新起点版英语二年级上册
4.教室布置：根据教学需要，布置教室环境，如分组讨论区、实验操作台等。将教室分成几个小组讨论区，每个区域配备一张桌子、几把椅子，方便学生进行小组合作和讨论。同时，在教室的一角设置实验操作台，用于学生进行角色扮演和情景模拟的实验活动。
目标：让学生了解朋友外貌和性格特征的基本概念、组成部分和原理。
过程：
讲解朋友外貌和性格特征的定义，包括其主要组成元素或结构。
详细介绍朋友外貌和性格特征的组成部分或功能，使用图表或示意图帮助学生理解。
3.朋友外貌和性格特征案例分析（20分钟）
目标：通过具体案例，让学生深入了解朋友外貌和性格特征的特性和重要性。
-学生可以自主选择一个与本节课内容相关的实践活动，如采访自己的朋友，了解他们的外貌和性格特征，并尝试用英语进行描述。
典型例题讲解
1.例题一：用所给的形容词描述你的朋友。
答案：My friend is tall and thin. She has long hair and big eyes. She is kind and friendly. She is very quiet and likes reading books.
- “朋友之间的互动和交流”相关的英文文章，让学生了解朋友之间的互动和交流的方式和技巧。
- “不同文化背景下的朋友关系”相关的英文文章，让学生了解不同文化背景下的朋友关系的特点和差异。
2.鼓励学生进行课后自主学习和探究：
-学生可以自主选择一篇拓展阅读材料进行阅读，并完成相关的阅读理解练习。
人教版英语初三上学期期末试卷及答案指导
人教版英语初三上学期期末复习试卷及答案指导一、听力部分（本大题有20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1、Listen to the short dialogue and choose the correct answer to each question. What is the woman’s job?A. DoctorB. TeacherC. NurseAnswer: B. TeacherExplanation: The dialogue mentions that the woman teaches at a school, indicating she is a teacher.2、Listen to the short dialogue and choose the correct answer to each question. Where are the two speakers?A. In a hospitalB. In a classroomC. In a libraryAnswer: B. In a classroomExplanation: The dialogue mentions that the woman is teaching, which suggests they are in a classroom setting.3.Listen to the conversation and answer the question.W: Have you prepared for the English exam yet?M: I’ve been studying every day, but I think it’s still not enough. What about you?Q: How does the boy feel about his English exam preparation?A. Confident.B. Nervous.C. Ready.Answer: C. Ready.Explanation: The boy responding, “I’ve been studying every day, but I thi nk it’s still not enough,” implies that he is preparing for the exam but does not feel ready enough. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Ready.4.Listen to the dialogue and complete the following sentence.M: This library has a great selection of books on history and culture.W: Really? That’s great! I’ve been looking for a book on Chinese history.M: You should definitely check out ‘The Story of China’ by Herrlee Barnett.W: Oh, that sounds interesting. I’ll remember to look for it.Q: What book is the woman interested in?A. ‘The Story of China’B. ‘The History of the World’C. ‘Cultural Insights into Asia’Answer: A. ‘The Story of China’Explanation: In the conversation, the woman explicitly expresses her interest in a book on “Chinese history,” which is mentioned as “The Storyof China” by Herrlee Barnett. Thus, the correct answer is A. ‘The Story of China’.5、What does the man suggest doing?A. Going to the cinemaB. Having dinner togetherC. Visiting the museumD. Playing tennisAnswer: BExpla nation: In the conversation, the man says, “I heard that new Italian restaurant just opened downtown. How about we try it out tonight?” This indicates that he is suggesting having dinner together, which corresponds to choice B.6、Why can’t the woman go to the party?A. She has to work lateB. She is not feeling wellC. She has to prepare for an examD. She doesn’t like partiesAnswer: CExplanation: The woman responds with, “I really wish I could, but I have a big test coming up on Monday, and I need to stu dy.” This shows that she cannot attend the party because she needs to prepare for an exam, making C the correct answer.7.You are listening to a conversation between a student and a teacher. The student is asking the teacher about the homework for the next week. Listen carefully and choose the correct answer.A. The homework is due next Monday.B. The teacher doesn’t know the homework yet.C. The homework is about the solar system.Answer: AExplanation: The teacher says, “The homework will be due next Monday. It’s about the solar system. Make sure to study hard!”8.Listen to a short dialogue between two friends discussing their weekend plans. Choose the correct answer based on the dialogue.A. They are going to the movies.B. They are going to a concert.C. They are going to the beach.Answer: CExplanation: The first friend says, “I was thinking of going to the beach this weekend. You wanna join me?” The second friend replies, “Sure, that sounds fun!” This indicates that they are planning to go to the bea ch.9、 What does the man mean?A. He doesn’t know how to do the work.B. He hasn’t finished the work.C. He can help do the work.Answer: CExplanation: The man says, “Sure, I can help you with the work.” This indicates that he can assist with the work, which matches option C.10、 What time will they meet tomorrow?A. At 7:00 a.m.B. At 7:30 a.m.C. At 8:00 a.m.Answer: BExplanation: The dialogue includes the man mentioning, “I’ll be ready at 7:30.” This t ells us that they will meet at 7:30 a.m., which corresponds to option B.11.You are listening to a conversation between two students discussing their summer vacation plans.A. What did the girl plan to do in her summer vacation?B. What did the boy suggest doing instead?Answer: A) What did the girl plan to do in her summer vacation?解析：通过听力内容可以了解到，女孩提到她计划去海边度假，参加水肺潜水活动。
第二单元朋友英语作文年级下册
第二单元朋友英语作文年级下册Friendship, a bond that transcends the boundaries of age, culture, and background, is an essential aspect of human life. It is a relationship that is built on mutual trust, respect, and understanding. The second unit of the English textbook for the lower grades focuses on the theme of friendship, exploring its various facets and the role it plays in our daily lives.Friends are the people who share our joys and sorrows, who understand us in our darkest hours, and who are always there to lend a helping hand. They are the ones who make us laugh when we are down, and who celebrate our successes with us. Friends are like mirrors, reflecting our true selves back to us, helping us to understand our strengths and weaknesses.However, friendship is not always easy. It requires effort and commitment from both sides. We need to be patient, forgiving, and understanding. We need to bewilling to listen and to share. We need to be there for our friends when they need us, just as they are there for us.In the second unit, we learn about the importance of maintaining a balance in our friendships. We should not be over-dependent on our friends, nor should we expect them to be perfect. Friendships need to be nurtured and cared for, just like any other relationship. We need to communicate effectively, resolve conflicts constructively, andcelebrate our differences.Moreover, the unit highlights the fact that truefriends are those who support us in our endeavors, whetherit is achieving academic success or pursuing our passions. They encourage us to be better versions of ourselves and help us to overcome obstacles that come our way.In conclusion, the second unit of the English textbook for the lower grades emphasizes the value of friendship and its role in shaping our lives. It reminds us that friends are not just people we hang out with; they are part of our support system and an integral part of our growth journey. By understanding and appreciating the essence of friendship, we can create deeper, more meaningful relationships that enrich our lives and bring joy to our hearts.**友谊的精髓：深入探究事物的本质**友谊，一种超越年龄、文化和背景的纽带，是人类生活中不可或缺的一部分。
inmemoryoffriend,colleagueandhero
In memory of friend,colleague and heroIt is difficult to believe that on April 16th,2009we will mark the second anniversary of the tragic death of Liviu Librescu.Everybody who knew him will forever remember this brilliant scientist and true gentleman.Liviu was a scientist of a truly immense talent who left an un-deniable and deep impression in the lives of his colleagues and friends.His work in the theory of shells,aeroelasticity,composite,sandwich and smart structures,thin-walled beams,and other areas was always original and valuable.He never repeated old results and even at the age of 76he was always looking for new ideas,new solutions,and new areas of research.Since Liviu was always involved in all aspects of life around him,his active interest was not limited to science.Probably this activity and involvement pro-vided him with an amazing energy that we always observed when we met him at scientific meetings.He would be completely ‘‘im-mersed”in the papers,discussions and exchange of ideas from early morning to the last lecture of the day.Yet he was never tired (at least,he never showed that he was)since this was his true in-terest and he was totally dedicated to science.Liviu was a humble and unassuming person.However,he knew a surprising number of colleagues because when it came to science he would overcome his shyness and talk to others asking ques-tions,correcting,suggesting;always in the spirit of a friend and never in a confrontational manner.Everybody in our profession liked and respected him.The biography of Liviu was repeated many times after his tragic and heroic death.Suffice it to say that he was born in Romania in 1930and was deported with his family and interned in a labor camp in Transnistria by the Nazis during the Second World War.After the war,Liviu attended the Polytechnic Institute in Bucharest obtaining B.S.and later M.S.degrees.After his graduation,he worked at the Academy of Science of Romania simultaneously gaining a Ph.D.in Fluid Mechanics.In the 1970s,Liviu was prose-cuted for refusing to swear allegiance to the Communist party.He was allowed to leave Romania and immigrate to Israel in 1978as a result of a direct appeal of the Prime Minister of Israel Begin to President of Romania Ceausescu.Liviu worked in Israel at the Tel Aviv University from 1979to 1986and spent the last 22years in the USA at Virginia Tech.His first and pioneering book on anisotropic shells was smuggled from Romania to Holland and published by Elsevier in 1976.The material considered in the book was completely new and Liviu was probably lucky that the com-munist government of Romania did not arrest him for such ‘‘trans-gression,”i.e.for making original scientific ideas and theories known in the West.Overall,Liviu published four books and close to 360chapters in books and papers in archival journals.On April 16,2007,Liviu was teaching a class in Virginia Tech when a deranged gunman entered the building and attempted to enter the room.Liviu protected his students holding the door and commanding the students to jump from the windows.While saving numerous lives he died as a hero struck by several bullets.The present special issue of the International Journal of Solids and Structures represents a collection of papers that we solicited from our colleagues who cooperated with Liviu or knew him.The contributions include tributes to Liviu from three of his peers (Pro-fessors Bert,Simitses and Vinson)and full papers.We would like to use this opportunity to express our appreciation to colleagues who contributed to this volume and to Professor Stelios Kyriakides,Edi-tor-in-Chief of the journal,who gracefully presented us with the opportunity to publish this special issue.Victor BirmanMissouri University of Science and Technology;Formerly University of Missouri-Rolla Michael W.HyerVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityGeorge A.Kardomateas Georgia Institute of TechnologyReminiscences in Memory of the Late Professor Liviu Librescu Professor Librescu started his illustrious professional career in aerospace structures in Romania,continued in Israel (Tel Aviv Uni-versity),and finally joining the faculty of the Department of Engi-neering Science and Mechanics at Virginia Tech.Although I knew of him through his research publications prior to 1983,I first met him in person at an Israel Mechanical Engineering Conference in Tel Aviv in 1983.He was the technical program chair of the confer-ence and he worked very hard to bring in distinguished invited lec-turers from other countries.This was despite the fact intensive fighting was taking place on the border between Israel andLeba-doi:10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2009.01.004International Journal of Solids and Structures 46(2009)1995–1996Contents lists available at ScienceDirectInternational Journal of Solids and Structuresj o ur na l h om e pa ge :w w w.e ls e v ie r.c om /lo c at e /ij s ol s trnon.As an example of his characteristic kindness,I would like to mention his arranging for all invited lecturers from overseas to have a guided touring-bus trip from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem and vicinity.The guide was a very entertaining recent college graduate.In closing,I would like to point out the very broad scope of Li-viu’s research including aeroelasticity,mechanics of composite as well as homogeneous materials,thermoelasticity,shape control systems forflight surfaces of wings and helicopter rotors,advances in computational mechanics of solids andfluids,and sandwich structures.With the cruel and premature passing of Liviu,the wholefield of mechanics suffered a great loss.We miss him very much.Charles W.BertPerkinson Chair EmeritusThe University of Oklahoma A Tribute to Liviu Librescu‘‘Liviu,my friend,may your memory be eternal”Liviu Librescu was born in1930.During the Second World War, Liviu and his father were sent to concentration camps by the Ger-mans because of his religion.Later he graduated from the Polytechnic University of Bucharest and received his M.S.and Ph.D.degrees.He was encouraged by his mentor,Professor E.Carafoli,to write hisfirst book titled,‘‘Elastostatics and Kinetics of Anisotropic and Heterogeneous Shell-Type Structures”.The book was originally written in Romanian,and the English version was published by Noordhoff International Publishing Co.,in1975.According to Liviu, he smuggled the material,chapter by chapter,to Leyden,The Neth-erlands,since he was prohibited by the Romanian Government to publish outside Romania.Because of his refusal to swear allegiance to the Communist Party,Liviu was forced out of his job and was,in effect,placed un-der house arrest.Thanks to the direct intervention of Prime Minis-ter Menahem Begin,Liviu was allowed to immigrate to Israel with his wife,Marlena.In1985,he arrived at Virginia Tech as Visiting Professor in the Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics.The move be-came permanent and he stayed there until his cruel and undeser-ving death on April16,2007.On that day,he was in the classroom when he heard gunfire.He tried to block the door with his body and cried out to his students to leave the room by jump-ing through the windows;22did but one student and Liviu were shot dead.Professor Librescu was an excellent and tireless researcher and his papers were and are cited by many investigators of mechanics related issues.His research output is at the top of his profession and as a result he has received several honors and awards.His work in composite plates and shells and in aeroelasticity has be-come classical through his many publications that include books, chapters in books and journal papers.Liviu served his profession well by organizing sessions and chairing some at national and international technical meetings. He was very gentle and polite and was liked by all that met him. He will always be remembered well by his students,colleagues and friends.George J.SimitsesProfessor EmeritusGeorgia Institute of Technology In Memory of Professor Liviu LibrescuDr.Liviu Librescu was unique,there was no one like him.He was the perfect example of a‘‘gentleman and scholar”.His gentle-ness and dedication to science were his most important qualities.For decades one of the most pleasant impressions about attend-ing any meeting that involved true scientific content was being able to see and spend time with Liviu Librescu.He was a most de-voted fan of academic pursuits in many contexts.He loved learn-ing.Whenever he asked questions of speakers at these conferences,his questions were always of significant substance.As successful and accomplished as he was,he could have been even more recognized and honored,but his humility and gentle-ness precluded more fame in this world of robust aggressiveness. Truly he was a‘‘great”among us and this is becoming clearer as time goes by.He was ever kind,ever giving and he was a friend of tremen-dous compassion,great comfort and reassuring steadfastness.Just in writing these words,my heart breaks that he is gone.Li-viu was truly a unique person who is irreplaceable,and he died a most heroic death through literally saving the lives of his students.Jack R.VinsonH.Fletcher BrownProfessor EmeritusUniversity of Delaware1996In memory/International Journal of Solids and Structures46(2009)1995–1996。
初三外语资源库M2U2合作单
M2U2合作单Pre-reading 读前Warm up (热身)Look at some photos about ThanksgivingWhile-reading读中I Skimming reading1. Listen to the passage and answer the following questions:1) Which country celebrates Thanksgiving ?____________________________________.2) When do people celebrate Thanksgiving ?__________________________________________.2.Read silently and match the headings of each paragraph. (Activity 2)II Scanning reading1. Read the passage and choose the correct answers.1) When do people start to celebrate this festival?A.In the16th century.B.In the17th century.C.In the18th century.D.In the19th century.2) What do people NOT do after the dinner?A.Talk a lot.B. Tell stories.C.Wash the dishes.D.Give thanks for the food.3) If you want to see the Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade, which city should you go?A.Washington D.C.B. New YorkC.SeattleD.Los Angeles4) This passage most probably comes from a book about ____________.A.storiesB.healthcationD.culture5) We can learn from the passage that _____________.A. People in other countries also celebrate Thanksgiving.B. People never eat too much at Thanksgiving.C. Basketball is important at Thanksgiving.D. The first pioneers crossed the Atlantic Ocean to get to America.2 Read the passage and complete the table. (Activity 3)3. Complete the passage with the words in the box. (Activity 4)4. Aloud-readingPost-reading读后I Key phrases and structures1. 发表演讲____________________2. 对某事表示感谢___________________3. 摆设餐具____________________4. 一年一次__________________________5. 也________________________6. 洗碗_____________________________7. 丰富的；充足的_____________ 8. 沿着......前进______________________9. 下一年______________________ 10.过得愉快_________________________II. A small composition(根据汉语完成短文,词数不限)感恩节是一个美国节日，每年11月的第四个星期四人们都来庆祝这个节日。
三博科学双眼显微镜说明书
3B SCIENTIFIC ®PHYSICS1Binokulares Mikroskop, Modell 400 1003275Bedienungsanleitung03/13 ALF1 Okular2 Tubus3 Revolver mit Objektiven4 Objekttisch5 Feststellschraube für Kondensor6 Kondensor mit Irisblende undFilterhalter 7 Beleuchtung8 Beleuchtungsregler9 Grob- und Feintrieb mit Feststell-bremse10 Koaxialtrieb des Objekttisches 11 Netzschalter 12 Objektführer13 Feststellschraube für Objekttisch 14 Stativ15 Feststellschraube für Mikroskop-kopf1. Sicherheitshinweise•Elektrischer Anschluss des Mikroskops darf nur an geerdeten Steckdosen erfolgen.Vorsicht! Die Lampe erhitzt sich während des Gebrauchs. Verbrennungsgefahr!• Während und nach Gebrauch des Mikro-skops Lampe nicht berühren.2. Beschreibung, technische Daten Das binokulare Mikroskop ermöglicht die zwei-dimensionale Betrachtung von Objekten (dünne Schnitte von Pflanzen- oder Tieren) in 40- bis 1500-facher Vergrößerung.Stativ: Robustes Ganzmetallstativ, Stativarm fest mit Fuß verbunden; Fokussierung über beidseitig am Stativ angebrachte koaxiale Stell-knöpfe für Fein- und Grobtrieb mit Kugellager und Feststellbremse; einstellbarer Anschlag zum Schutz der Objektträger und Objektive, Fokussierbereich: 15 mm; Einteilung der Feinfo-kussierung: 0,002 mmTubus: Binokularer Siedentopf-Kopf, Schräg-einblick 30°, Kopf um 360° drehbar, Augenab-stand zwischen 54 mm und 75 mm einstellbar, Dioptrienausgleich ±5 für beide OkulareOkular: Weitfeld-Okularpaare WF 10x 18 mm und WF 15x 13 mmObjektive: Objektivrevolver mit 4 DIN achromati-schen Objektiven 4x / 0,10, 10x / 0,25, 40x / 0,65, 100x / 1,25 Öl-Immersion, (mit Präparateschutz) Vergrößerung: 40x – 1500xObjekttisch: x-y-Kreuztisch, 132 x 145 mm 2, mit Objektführer und koaxialen Stellknöpfen senk-recht zum Objekttisch, Stellbereich 50 x 76 mm 2 Beleuchtung: Im Fuß integrierte, regelbare Halogen-Leuchte 6 V, 20 W; universale Span-nungsversorgung 85 V bis 265 V, 50/60 Hz Hz Kondensor: Abbe Kondensor N.A.1,25 mit Iris-blende, Filterhalter und Blaufilter, fokussierbar über ein ZahnstangengetriebeAbmessungen: ca. 328 x 214 x 394 mm³ Masse: ca. 6,1 kg3. Auspacken und ZusammenbauDas Mikroskop wird in einem Karton aus Styro-por geliefert.•Nach Entfernen des Klebebands den Behäl-ter vorsichtig öffnen. Dabei darauf achten, dass keine der optischen Teile (Objektive und Okulare) herausfallen.•Um Kondensation auf den optischen Be-standteilen zu vermeiden, das Mikroskop solange in der Verpackung belassen, bis es die Raumtemperatur angenommen hat. •Das Mikroskop mit beiden Händen (eine Hand am Stativarm und eine am Fuß) ent-nehmen und auf eine ebene Fläche stellen. •Die Objektive sind separat in Döschen ver-packt. Sie werden in der Reihenfolge vom Objektiv mit dem kleinsten bis zum Objektivmit dem größten Vergrößerungsfaktor im Uhrzeigersinn hinten beginnend in die Öff-nungen der Revolverplatte geschraubt. •Anschließend den Mikroskopkopf auf das Stativ setzen, mit der Feststellschraube fixie-ren und die Okulare in den Tubus einsetzen.4. Bedienung4.1 Allgemeine Hinweise•Das Mikroskop auf einen ebenen Tisch stel-len.•Das zu betrachtende Objekt in die Mitte des Objekttisches platzieren und in der Objekt-führung festklemmen.•Netzkabel anschließen und Beleuchtung anschalten.•Objektträger so in den Strahlengang schie-ben, dass das Objekt vom Strahlengang deutlich durchstrahlt wird.•Augenabstand einstellen bis nur ein Licht-kreissichtbar ist.•Diopterstärke den Augen anpassen.•Zur Erreichung eines hohen Kontrasts Hin-tergrundbeleuchtung mittels der Irisblende und der regelbaren Beleuchtung einstellen. •Das Objektiv mit der kleinsten Vergrößerung in den Strahlengang drehen. Ein Klick-Ton zeigt die richtige Stellung an.Hinweis: Es ist am besten mit der kleinsten Vergrößerung zu beginnen, um zuerst größere Strukturdetails zu erkennen. Der Übergang zu einer stärkeren Vergrößerung zur Betrachtung feinerer Details erfolgt durch Drehen des Revol-vers bis zum gewünschten Objektiv. Bei Ver-wendung des Objektivs 100x muss Öl auf den Objektträger gegeben werden. Die Stärke der Vergrößerung ergibt sich aus dem Produkt des Vergrößerungsfaktors des Okulars und des Objektivs.•Mit der Feststellbremse geeignete Span-nung des Fokusiersystems einstellen.•Mit dem Triebknopf für Grobtrieb das un-scharf abgebildete Präparat scharf stellen, dabei darauf achten, dass das Objektiv den Objektträger nicht berührt. (Beschädigungs-gefahr)•Anschließend mittels Feintrieb die Bildschär-fe einstellen.•Zur Benutzung von Farbfiltern Filterhalter ausschwenken und Farbfilter einlegen. •Mittels des Koaxialtriebs des Kreuztisches lässt sich das zu betrachtende Objekt auf die gewünschte Stelle schieben.•Nach Gebrauch sofort die Beleuchtung aus-schalten.•Das Mikroskop mit keinen Flüssigkeiten in Kontakt kommen lassen.•Das Mikroskop keinen mechanischen Belas-tungen aussetzen.•Optische Teile des Mikroskops nicht mit den Fingern berühren.•Bei Beschädigungen oder Fehlern das Mik-roskop nicht selbst reparieren.4.2 Lampen- und Sicherungswechsel4.2.1 Lampenwechsel•Stromversorgung ausschalten, Netzstecker ziehen und Lampe abkühlen lassen.•Zur Sicherheit Okular herausnehmen.•Um die Lampe zu wechseln, Mikroskop auf die Seite legen.•Schrauben C des Lampenfachs lösen und nach außen verschieben, so dass sie sich in der gleichen Stellung wie in Fig. 1 befinden. •Schraube A lösen und Deckel abklappen. •Zum Abziehen der Halogenlampe einen Lappen oder etwas Ähnliches verwenden.Lampe nicht mit den Fingern berühren. •Halogenlampe abziehen und neue einset-zen.•Deckel wieder schließen und festschrauben. •Lampensockel in die Ausgangsposition zu-rück verschieben und Schrauben C wieder anziehen.4.2.2 Sicherungswechsel•Stromversorgung ausschalten und unbe-dingt Netzstecker ziehen.•Mikroskop auf die Seite legen.23B Scientific GmbH • Rudorffweg 8 • 21031 Hamburg • Deutschland • Technische Änderungen vorbehalten © Copyright 2013 3B Scientific GmbH•Sicherungshalter D mit einem flachen Ge-genstand (z.B. Schraubenzieher) heraus-schrauben.•Sicherung ersetzen und Halter wieder ein-schrauben.C AFig. 1 Deckel des Lampenfachs: A Rändelschraube, B Lüftungsschlitze, C Befestigungsschrauben der Lampenfassung, D Sicherungshalter5. Aufbewahrung, Reinigung, Entsorgung• Das Mikroskop an einem sauberen, trocke-nen und staubfreien Platz aufbewahren.• Bei Nicht-Benutzung das Mikroskop immer mit der Staubschutzhülle abdecken.•Das Mikroskop keinen Temperaturen unter 0°C und über 40°C sowie keiner relativen Luftfeuchtigkeit über 85% aussetzen.•Vor Pflege- und Wartungsarbeiten ist immer der Netzstecker zu ziehen.•Zur Reinigung des Mikroskops keine ag-gressiven Reiniger oder Lösungsmittel ver-wenden.•Objektive und Okulare zum Reinigen nicht auseinander nehmen.•Bei starker Verschmutzung das Mikroskop mit einem weichen Tuch und ein wenig Ethanol reinigen.•Die optischen Bestandteile mit einem wei-chen Linsentuch reinigen.• Die Verpackung ist bei den örtlichen Recyc-lingstellen zu entsorgen. •Sofern das Gerät selbst verschrottet werden soll, so gehört dieses nicht in den normalen Hausmüll. Es sind die lokalen Vor-schriften zur Entsorgung von Elektroschrott einzu-halten.。
module 2 me, my parents and my friends 作文
话题2：introduing your friend (介绍你的朋友第三人称)Hello, this is my friend. Her name is … Her English name is Betty. She is from China and she is Chinese. She is thirteen years old. She is in Shiyan Middle School. She is in Class Three, Grade One. She likes drawing pictures and playing table tennis, but she doesn’t like playing football. Her favourite colour is blue and her favourite food is hambergers. She can swim and sing songs but she can’t play basketball or dance. We are good friends.I have a good friend. Her name is … She is fifteen years old. She comes from China. She is a student at Shiyan Middle School. She is in Class 8, Grade 1. She likes singing but she doesn't like dancing. Her favourite foodd is chicken and her favourite drink is milk.She can ride a bike and cook, but she can’t play basketball or play football. Her English name is Jane. We are good friends.话题2：introduing your friend (介绍你的朋友第三人称)Hello, this is my friend. Her name is … Her English name is Betty. She is from China and she is Chinese. She is thirteen years old. She is in Shiyan Middle School. She is in Class Three, Grade One. She likes drawing pictures and playing table tennis, but she doesn’t like playing football. Her favourite colour is blue and her favourite food is hambergers. She can swim and sing songs but she can’t play basketball or dance. We are good friends.I have a good friend. Her name is … She is fifteen years old. She comes from China. She is a student at Shiyan Middle School. She is in Class 8, Grade 1. She likes singing but she doesn't like dancing. Her favourite foodd is chicken and her favourite drink is milk.She can ride a bike and cook, but she can’t play basketball or play football. Her English name is Jane. We are good friends.话题2：introduing your friend (介绍你的朋友第三人称)Hello, this is my friend. Her name is … Her English name is Betty. She is from China and she is Chinese. She is thirteen years old. She is in Shiyan Middle School. She is in Class Three, Grade One. She likes drawing pictures and playing table tenn is, but she doesn’t like playing football. Her favourite colour is blue and her favourite food is hambergers. She can swim and sing songs but she can’t play basketball or dance. We are good friends.I have a good friend. Her name is … She is fifteen years old. She comes from China. She is a student at Shiyan Middle School. She is in Class 8, Grade 1. She likes singing but she doesn't like dancing. Her favourite foodd is chicken and her favourite drink is milk.She can ride a bike and cook, but she can’t play basketball or play football. Her English name is Jane. We are good friends.话题2：introduing your friend (介绍你的朋友第三人称)Hello, this is my friend. Her name is … Her English name is Betty. She is from China and she is Chinese. She is thirteen years old. She is in Shiyan Middle School. She is in Class Three, Grade One. She likes drawing pictures and playing table tennis, but she doesn’t like playing football. Her favourite colour is blue and her favourite food is hambergers. She can swim and sing songs but she can’t play basketball or dance. We are good friends.I have a good friend. Her name is … Sh e is fifteen years old. She comes from China. She is a student at Shiyan Middle School. She is in Class 8, Grade 1. She likes singing but she doesn't like dancing. Her favourite foodd is chicken and her favourite drink is milk.She can ride a bike and coo k, but she can’t play basketball or play football. Her English name is Jane. We are good friends.。
小一单词
I can see a book.
M2U2 一上117
M2U2 一上116
M2U2 一上115
He can draw.
What can your classmate do?
She can dance.
M2U2 一上120
M2U2 一上119
M2U2 一上118
sister
She can read.
What can your friend do?
M1U1 一上-1
afternoon
Peter
M1U1 一上-4
M1U1 一上-5
M1U1 一上-6
John
Linda
Tom
M1U1 一上-7
M1U1 一上-8
M1U1 一上-9
Danny
and
Hello！
M1U1 一上-10
M1U1 一上-11
M1U1 一上-12
Hi!
Goodbye!
Good morning!
M1U1 一上-13
M1U1 一上-14
M1U1 一上-15
Good afternoon!
Hi! I'm Danny
Nice to see you.
M1U1 一上-16
M1U1 一上-17
M1U1 一上-18
evening
night
Good evening!
eye
mouth
M1U3 一上-46
M1U3 一上-47
M1U3 一上-48
face
nose
ear
M1U3 一上-49
M1U3 一上-50
M1U3 一上-51
this
is
M2U2 Friend (P32-33)(中文)
M2/U2 Friend ( P32-33) （中文）
1．一起步行到学校
2．一起吃中饭
3．分享我们的食物
4．互相帮助（两种）
5．帮助某人做某事（三种）
6．在游戏时间
7．给你打电话
8．答对它
9．解答那道数学题
10．信守诺言
11．答应（不）做某事
12．勤勉的，工作、学习努力的
13．对某人友爱的
14．对某人和善的
15．从不生气的，有耐心的
16．与我分享她的零食
17．说谎话/ 诚实的
18．对某人有帮助的.
19．喜欢做某事（两种）
20．总是乐于帮助别人
21．善解人意的，理解某人
22．你喜欢他什么？
23．（问性格或看法）：你认为温妮怎么样?（两种）24．（问性格或看法）：温妮怎么样?（两种）24．（问爱好）：温妮喜欢什么？
25．（问外貌）：温妮长得怎么样？（两种）。
TheMutualFriendbyFrederickBusch-ir.uiowa.edu
Review Essays \REVIEW ESSAYDavid DoblerThe Mutual Friend, by Frederick Busch. 222 pp. H arper & Row; 1978. POOR WRITERS—they set a few words down on paper and then people (nasty reviewers like me, for instance) come along and use them for their own purposes- What a dangerous, belly-exposing thing writing is! I could, and will, for instance, take a few of Mr. Busch’s words and turn them back on him to give you this capsule impression of his book as a whole:“It was awful, sir,” Dolby said.“It was,” replied Dickens. “And wonderful, in a way. In a ivay, mind you.”Charles Dickens and George Dolby (who was during the last four years of Dickens’s life his road manager on the reading tours of America and Britain, and who is the chief narrator of this novel) say these words after observing the police fish yet another corpse out of the river, the corpse of a young woman under thirty, apparently. Yet another suicide, apparently. Yet another victim for Dickens to see, ponder upon, and then stick into a book. For Dolby to do likewise with. For Busch too. And for me also to make use of in this review.Cannibals, aren’t we? Consumers of human carrion. But in this world, and in this novel especially, there is so much dead flesh around that one simply cannot resist. The River of Life in The M utual Friend is log-jammed with bodies that pop to the surface with bursts of putrid gas and j ust beg to be used, to be written about.It is a bloody book, a painful book; its inhabitants suffer and/or die from an almost infinite variety of causes. Here is a partial listing:consumption (with much bright blood)“True American Catarrh”paralysisgouttoes swollen from exposure (trench foot)food poisoning (from partridges)falling hairburning in buildings and furnaces (many, many examples of this, including babies—this is a motif)strangulationcrushing beneath carriage wheelsstarvation (many examples)111King Cholerathroat and face slashed with broken bottledashing brains outbuggering with lit candleraping/drugging/lashingrailway accidents with unspeakable carnage“the most terrible operation known in surgery” (without chloroform) convulsionsinfluenzavarious “bronchial afflictions”hangingsundry feversshootingexhaustiondrowninghuman bulldog baitingpost-mortem on a baby (in its hovel with parents and siblings looking on)syphiliscarbunclesalcoholism.And all this in a relatively short book. Most war novels have far less death per page. O f course, some of these manglings and maladies are mentioned only briefly, but many, many of them are presented in vivid and ghastly detail. I am hard put to select a passage as an example for you from the seventeen I have marked but I will do so. A random choice will suffice, I suppose; they are all pretty much the same—in their effect, at any rate. Here is Dolby contemplating the death and burial of Dickens (and of himself, of Busch, of you and me):Am I finally not the only man, of every man, who can speak so of his dying and interment in the fields which one day must grow crowded with the dead? Cannot I, of all, tell how the dead will mount up as the brutal age progresses? How his coffin will vie for space in the shifting snake-swarmed ground with other boxes until, like little ships in a slimy sea, they coast and bump and crowd one another, thrust one another up, and away, until the prow of one breaks the graveyard’s crust and the gases of corruption within force the lid up, squeeze out rotted green and purple portions of a nostril or toe, a finger perhaps, and a terrier at play seize upon it, scrap of maggoty meat, to drop at his master’s feet, and wag in pride above the redolent toy? Powerful, virtuosic writing, isn’t it? Was Poe ever so exquisite?The superficial explanation for all this painfully beautiful harping on 112death and corruption is that George Dolby is, ostensibly, writing this story from a nest of blood-crimsoned sheets in a consumptives’ ward. Just as his disease, ironically, consumes him, so does he consume the past: in his helplessness he alters the past in a pathetic and neurotic effort to control it.Dickens died in 1870; it is now 1900 and the intervening years have not been kind to Dolby. His one achievement in that time was to write Charles Dickens As I Knew Him, an account of the reading tours, but this book made little money for him and eventually he sank down deep into poverty and alcohol. (Dolby’s book, by the way, is clearly Busch’s primary source, though he does not acknowledge this in his Note and only one brief m ention of the book is made in the text.) Thus, Dolby, who had hobnobbed with Dickens and his circle, who had handled with efficiency the thousands upon thousands of pounds earned by the most financially successful writer of his era, found himself in the end without a farthing, sprawled among the lowest of the low in the filth of the floor of a workhouse more wretched than any Dickens ever described, eventually to be taken to a bloody gaspers’ ward where he would write and die, die and write.Friend is divided into six sections, each introduced by two or three pages of bold-faced type wherein Dolby tells of his weakening condition, his bloody surroundings, the process of his nightly writing, and his motivations (“I’ve a purpose, and it isn’t merely recollection, or the comfort of my flesh and blood”). He is a bit like Scheherazade staving off death with her stories. His audience is Moon, a mysterious Asian orderly who brings Dolby gin and rum and in exchange listens to his stories in order to improve his English. Moon learns his lessons very well, we see eventually.Each of the sections has a different narrator. Dolby takes the first himself, describing the final reading tour of America. Large parts of this section consist of quotations taken from Dolby’s book, Dickens’s letters and other sources. The quotations are modified to fit Dolby’s sickbed memories and imaginings. Dickens’s own sicknesses—partial paralysis and gout (or trench foot)—are emphasized. Dolby characterizes Dickens as a man driven by a monomania: his dramatizations—especially that of Bill Sikes’s brutal m urder of Nancy in Oliver Tivist—are exhausting, debilitating, almost suicidal. Dickens requires the adulation of his audience; he must have it even if it kills him. He enjoys the financial rewards very much, too.Dolby characterizes himself, cynically, as Dickens’s faithful, boot-lick dog. He is, however, a dog who can see through his master. Dickens’s massive ego, his greed, his lechery—all these Dolby sees with crystal clarity, albeit through dun-colored glasses.In this first section is introduced the burning body motif: we learn that Dickens and Dolby learned that Longfellow’s beautiful wife burned to113death in a house fire. Burning bodies and thoughts of them keep turning up throughout the rest of the novel.Novel—it is very important to keep in mind that what we are reading is a novel, that quotations are taken out of context and modified, that history is being distorted, for a purpose, an artistic one. Imagine a full-length bronze statue of Dickens; imagine a sick old man banging away at it for some hours with a ball peen hammer, leaving intact little more than a small plaque at its base that says: Charles Dickens. This is the image of Dickens that Dolby gives us. Dolby is like the slasher of a Rembrandt, the defacer of Michelangelo’s Pieta.If the first section is (perhaps gruesomely) fascinating, the second is even more so. It is narrated by one Barbara, a supposedly reformed prostitute who claims to be a Jew in order to procure a j ob in Dickens’s household (Dickens was, it seems, feeling guilty and feeling pressure because of Fagin’s Jewishness). The sadomasochistic Barbara (the lit candle) steps directly out of My Secret Life to join the happy family at Gad’s Hill. She promptly finds Dickens’s son, Plorn, masturbating in bed; she gives him some help with that, seduces him (while he talks smuttily), and eventually becomes pregnant by him, before he goes off to Australia. Her intercourse (verbal) with Dickens is even more interesting. He finds her surprisingly well skilled at repartee (as does the reader). In their conversations she bests Dickens, adroitly using quotations from his own works to do so. Like Dolby (and she really is like Dolby, for she is a figment of his fevered brain) she sees through Dickens with ease. (Everybody sees through Dickens with ease in this novel.) Barbara senses that he performs his suicidal readings simply for the immense pleasure they afford him; after all, she herself has often sacrificed a very great deal merely “for the sake of a caress.” She and Dickens are cut from the same cloth; it would seem that Dolby would have us believe that they are both whores. Like sisters in sin, they understand each other very well. In the end Dickens pensions Barbara off: she and her bastard will be well taken care of. She knows and he knows and Dolby knows that Dickens could never permit a part of his own flesh and blood to go unprovided for. Barbara planned well.The third section, “An English Mother,” is narrated by Dickens’s long- suffering wife, Kate, who is speaking, it seems, to her late infant child, Dora Annie. She emphasizes, as one might expect, Dickens’s mistreatment of her, his extraordinary passion for her long-dead sister Mary—for whom he still cries out at night—his illicit affair with Ellen Ternan, and so on. Her tone is sharply sarcastic. This section is in a sense the least distorted of them all, for Dickens deserves each dart she throws at him: in the later years of their marriage he was notoriously cruel to his wife, even by Victorian standards.Dolby returns as narrator of the next section, but it is not the same 114Dolby: this man is sicker, his dog’s tail thumps louder and more often, and the Dickens he shows us is even more melodramatic and monomaniacal than before. Here Dickens begins writing his last novel, The Mystery of Edivin Drood,which plunges him into “the profoundest explorations of despair,” but which is also immensely profitable financially. His final public reading, his final Murder of Nancy, is well orchestrated, wonderfully dramatic, and ends tearfully for Dickens, Dolby, and audience alike. Afterwards, Dolby congratulates him:“You are a g-great man, sir, and if I dare say it at such a time, a greatly admired friend. As to your f-farewell speech, there aren’t words, at least for me—”As if from the mirror, as if from my face, the ragged and whispering voice of the man in his final fatigues returned, crooning, “Got them, Dolby. Didn’t I?”“Sin Overrated and Abandoned,” the penultimate section, is narrated by Ellen Lawless Ternan Robinson, Dickens’s erstwhile mistress, now married to a clergyman. In detail she describes her defloration at the hands of Dickens. As they drive off into the country to accomplish this end, Dickens is, ludicrously, disguised as a clergyman. He pictures himself, however, as a knight-errant (or-rampant, perhaps) who would face any danger, be it “a dragon of inestimable proportions all covered in slime and breathing more than flame,” in order to rescue (or rape) his fair maid. She finds him, though, merely a “gouty old man in his wintery years,” a crude, revolting, insensitive lover, with a “great red sausage” of an organ which he will not let her fondle. He is all take and no give; it is all pain and no pleasure for her. And later he transforms her, Ellen, into the Estella of Great Expectations',Ellen sees that she is but another “effigy he might shape.” Ultimately, Dickens turns to language to control her, as he turns to language in order to control all the world.The final section, “Who, of All, May Speak,” is a genuine tour de force. Dickens is writing his will here. His old diseased body has degenerated into a mere sac with a heart knocking about inside, but his will is intact and he will assert it, he will use his mind and his money and his words to control, even after he is dead, his heirs and his friends and the world. And yet he, who has seen so much death, who has m urdered Nancy and others so often, who knows or imagines he knows what death is, now fears the fires that await him:Perhaps in the spontaneous burning, beneath the ground, of my own corrupted coffin. A blue lambency of death-fire surrounded by worms which writhe as they cook, and cannnot escape. Or a death by accidental flames, say in a carriage at Pall Mall, bursting alight inexplicably, then drawn all afire by fear-maddened horses through the115black night, the driver on fire and screaming, the tack and harness on fire and the horses bellowing and rolling their eyes and biting at nothing, running on and striking sparks with their hooves, the whole a behemoth of burning motion which vanishes into darkness and is recovered miles away, days later, by a rotting pier beneath which the stinking water laps—my body within the charred wooden frame, a shrunken ashy doll forever sculptured black, forever arrested in his open-mouthed shriek, which is forever unheard.Dickens goes on with his will, on with the writing of Drood, on with his morbid thoughts. He is alone, alone, dying and alone, as all men are ultimately alone, and then he is buried “in fields that one day must grow crowded with the dead;” and it is 1900 now, and Dickens’s lips and pen are silent now but Dolby’s are not; Dickens is Dolby; and Dolby, Dickens; and Dolby is everyone, every voice, it is clear.Dolby is in the consumptives’ ward, lusting after good things to drink, thinking morbid thoughts of his horrible past and his coming death. And he, too, is alone. Barbara is gone (it seems that she was his daughter); and his son George, too, is gone, to Paris (it seems he wants to become a writer, an artist). Dolby has only Moon, the faithful Moon, to tell his story to.And his story is long and painful: factories and corpses, workhouses and pollution, disease and corruption, babies burned in ovens. More and more and more of it.And Dolby’s voice fades too in the end, as it must, and now we hear Moon’s voice speaking (he has learned his language lessons well). Dolby’s manuscript is in his hands now, and he, “heir to Dolby’s words,” pledges to alter it as he sees fit: “I will one day start at the bloody beginning. I will bloody well change it all. Rewrite the lives old Dolby set down, his and his Chief s and my own. Why not? It is wrong that a man be imprisoned by language.” Poor Dolby—Moon is taking his words from him and using them for his own purposes.The Mutual Friend is, clearly, a novel about language. As W. H. Auden says in “In Memory of W. B. Yeats,” “The words of a dead man/Are modified in the guts of the living.” This is precisely what happens again and again in this novel; its characters seek to control in a chaotic and malignant world the use of language, but in the end their words are taken from them, all control is lost, and death comes by water and by fire. Just as “Memory” is not so much about Yeats as it is about Auden and what he thinks poetry is or should be, so is Friend not so much about Dickens, who is really only a source of material, as about Busch and his conceptions of what the novel and novelist are or should be. And, judging from this one dark book, it would seem that Mr. Busch looks upon his profession as, ultimately, rather futile.Yet, obviously, he takes great (and justifiable) pride in his own skill as a craftsman: this book is highly wrought; it is stitched together with admi116rable precision. But in his use of language, Mr. Busch suffers at times from self-indulgence. He is not alone in this; Bellow and others are similarly self-indulgent at times. It is a common enough malady today. I believe the passages I have quoted prove this point well enough. As John Gardner points out in On Moral Fiction, virtuosity for virtuosity’s sake, which we see too much of in this novel, distracts the reader and calls attention to the writer instead of focusing that attention where it should be—on the story. At the end of his career, Yeats realized that throughout much of his life he had been guilty of the same mistake:It was the dream itself enchanted me:Character isolated by a deedTo engross the present and dominate memory.Players and painted stage took all my love,And not those things that they were emblems of.—“The Circus Animals’ Desertion”The Mutual Friend is indeed an “awful” book in some ways—it is certainly not for everyone, especially not for the squeamish. But it is, too, a wonderful book in a way, in many ways.117。
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M2/U2 Friend (P34-36)
1．与某人交新朋友make new friends with sb.
2．首次参观花园城市visit Garden City for the first time
3．请求某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.
4．询问某人关于某事ask sb. about sth.
5．住在美国live in the U.S.A.
6．询问温妮关于去过哪里ask Winnie about where she has been
7．已经去过某地（人已回来）have / has been to sp.
8．已经去某地（人未回来）have / has gone to sp.
9．海洋公园Ocean Park
10．植物园the Botanical Gardens
11．北郊公园North Country Park
12．水上世界Water World
13．太空博物馆the Space Museum
14．做某事怎样？What about sth. / doing sth.? / How about sth./ doing sth.? 15．地球之友（单，复） a Friend of the Earth / Friends of the Earth
16．照顾环境look after the environment
17．我们周围的一切事物all the things around us
18．污染环境pollute the environment
19．正确的和错误的（两种）right and wrong, true and false
20．发现，查找find out
21．帮助做某事（两种）help to do sth. / help do sth.
22．拾，拣垃圾pick up litter
23．把垃圾放进垃圾桶put litter into a litter bin
24．保持环境整洁keep the environment clean
25．答应保持海滩干净promise to keep the beaches clean
26．早已,还, 刚刚, 曾经, 从不already, yet, just, ever, never。