福建省三明市2017高考英语一轮复习阅读理解基础练习(二)

福建三明市2017高考英语一轮阅读理解基础练习（二）
【2016模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

NASA has recently found a twin Earth in the Milky Way. Scientists said the planet was the closest to Earth that has been seen.
Kepler 452b, which has been named Earth 2, is six billion years old. It has a 385-day year and orbits its star at the same distance as us. It is so like Earth that NASA believes it is possible that life once inhabited the planet. Kepler 452b is 60 percent larger in diameter (直径) than Earth. Scientists say that the planet received the same kind of sunshine as we do on Earth. Thus, plants could survive if taken to the planet.
Since the planet is 1.5 billion years older than Earth, scientists say it can show a possible future fo r earth. “If Kepler 452b is indeed a rocky planets, its location could mean that it is just entering an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate history.” Said Doug Caldwell, a scientist working on the Kepler Mission. According to Caldwell, the increasing energy from its aging sun might be heating the surface and evaporating any oceans. Kepler 452b could be experiencing now what Earth will undergo more than a billion years from now, as the Sun ages and grows brighter.
The discovery also gives new hope that alien(外星人) civilizations may exist beyond the Solar System. “We won’t be going to this planet but our children’s children’s children might be.” said Jeff Coughlin, another research scientist on the Kepler Mission.
The Kepler space telescope (太空望远镜) has been looking for signs of new worlds outside the Solar System since May 2009, and has so far found more than 4,000 planets. But those planets are either too hot or too cold to sustain life.
（注：Kepler Mission NASA 设计的发现类地行星的太空探索任务）
1. The following statements about Kepler 452b (Earth 2) are all correct except ________.
A. It has existed for six billion years.
B. It is 60% larger in diameter than the earth.
C. It has already entered an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate history
D. It is the closest planet to the earth.
2. The importance of the discovery of Earth2 lies in the fact that Earth2 ________.
① can show a likely future for the earth
② gives new hope that alien civilizations may exist beyond the Solar System
③ proves that life once inhabited the planet
④ proves that pl ants can survive on other planets apart from the eartth.
⑤ is going thro ugh now what the earth will undergo more than a billion years from now
A. ④⑤
B. ①③
C. ②④
D. ①②
3. What can we infer from the text?
A. The earth has existed for about 4.5 billion years.
B. Kepler 452b is one of the planets in the Milky Way.
C. Doug Caldwel and Jeff Coughlin are both research scientists on the Kepler Mission.
D. More than 4,000 planets outside the Solar System still cannot sustain life now.
1. C. 细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“…its location could mean that it is just entering an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate history.”可知，“它的位置可能意味着它正在进入它的气候历史中不可控制的温室阶段”的说法只是一种推想，而不是已经进入了。

句中的“could”是关键词，它表明了一种假想的情况。

故答案为C项。

2. D. 细节理解题。

根据第三段第一句话和第五段第一句话可知，答案应为D项。

3. A. 推理判断题。

根据第二段第一句话“Kepler 452b, which has been named Earth 2, is six billion years old.”和第三段第一句话中的“Since the planet is 1.5 billion years older than Earth,…”可以推知答案应为A项。

即地球存在的时间是：（6 billion –1.5billion =
4.5 billion）年。

其余各项虽然表述是正确答，但都是原文直接提到的内容，不是推断出来的。

2016高考选练----阅读理解。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

No one else k new about the extra club in Zach Nash’s golf bag. It belonged to a friend, and Zach forgot it was there as he played his way to victory in a junior tournament（锦标赛）this summer in Wisconsin, US.
The 14-year-old accepted his medal, celebrated with grandparents who had come from a long way to watch. But when he stopped by his country club to share the news, a professional player noticed something wrong. “Count your clubs,” he told the teenager.
Fifteen—one more than allowed. Zach’s eyes filled with tears.
If Zach had just won a basketball championship or a soccer game and someone had discovered a violation after the win, it would not have mattered. It is nothing unusual for a soccer player to dive to the turf to draw fouls（假摔以使对方犯规）. Golf is different. In a win-at-all-costs world, the game holds itself to a higher standard. Golf isn’t a game where referees watch closely. In golf tournaments, dozens of competitors are spread across acres of land, so officials cannot hope to see each shot. Competitors call penalties（处罚）on themselves.
“It was a sp ort for gentlemen, and gentlemen did not care about winning. They care about doing the right thing,” said Robert Simon, a golf coach at Hamilton College in New York.
Honesty became a medal of honor. When one of the game’s early stars, Bobby Jones, was praised for calling a penalty on himself at the 1925 US Open, he replied: “You might as well praise a man for not robbing a bank.”
So even the error had no effect on Zach’s final score—he has never used the extra club. The teenager packed up his medal and dropped it in the mail. “But this was golf, and rules are rules. I just knew what I had to do,” he said.
Then came another tournament. Before teeing off(开球), Zach counted his clubs—four times.
25. What can we infer from the text?
A. A friend put an extra club in Zach’s bag secretly.
B. Breaking the rules has become acceptable in some sports.
C. Zach’s grandpar ents discouraged him from calling a penalty.
D. Zach regretted sharing the news with the professional player.
26. According to Robert, golf is different from other sports in that ______.
A. honor comes before victory
B. players are superior to coaches
C. referees have to watch each shot
D. players usually do whatever it takes to win
27. What can be learned from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 7?
A. One should be praised for not robbing a bank.
B. Bobby looked down upon those criminals.
C. Little did Bobby care about the penalty.
D. Observing rules demands no praise.
28. Why did Zach count his clubs four times before the following tournament?
A. He felt stressful.
B. He was forgetful.
C. He remembered the lesson.
D. He lacked self-confidence.
参考答案25--28BADC
2016高考选练----阅读理解。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

Some years ago, three brothers left the farm to work in the city. They were all hired by the same company and on the same pay. Three years later, Jim was being paid $500 a month, Frank was receiving $1000, but George was making $1500.
Their father was confused and decided to visit the employer. After listening to the father, the employer said, “I will let the boys explain for themselves.” Jim was called to the office and was told, “Jim, I learn the Far East Importers has just brought in a large transport plane loaded with Japanese import goods. Will you please go over to the airport and get a cargo inventory(运货清单)?”
Three minutes l ater, Jim returned to the office. “The cargo was one thousand
bolts(卷) of Japanese silk,” Jim reported. “I got the information over the telephone from a member of the crew.”
When Jim left, Frank, the $1000 a month brother, was called in.
An hour later, Frank was back in the office with a list showing that the plane carried 1000 bolts of Japanese silk, 500 transistor radios(晶体管收音机), and 1000 hand painted bamboo plates.
George, the $1500 a month brother, was given the same instructions. Working hours were over when he finally returned. “The transport plane carried one thousand bolts of Japanese silk,” he began. “It was on sale at sixty dollars a bolt, so I took a two-day choice on the whole lot. I have telegrammed a designer in New York offering the silk at seventy-five dollars a bolt. I expect to have the order tomorrow. I also found five hundred transistor radios, which I sold over the telephone at a profit of $2.30 each. There were a thousand bamboo plates, but they were of poor quality, so I didn’t try to do anything with them.”
When Georg e left the office, the employer smiled. “You see,” he said, “the future is full of promise for one who shows initiative.”
29. The best title of this passage is ______.
A. The story of three brothers
B. The importance of doing market research
C. A business deal
D. A clever employer
30. According to George, how much money did he expect to get for his company?
A. $1,150
B. $61,150
C. $16,150
D. $76,150
31. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the meaning of the underlined word “initiative”?
A. Doing a lot of extra work without complaining
B. Having patience in difficult situations without giving in
C. Having the sense of marketing and economics
D. Making decisions and take action actively without being told to
参考答案29—31 ACD
2015高考英语阅读理解（新闻报道、广告）【2015·新课标全国I】A
Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum
Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book. They end around 21:00. November 7th
The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”. December 5th
Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London’s ice trade grew.
February 6th
An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.
March 6th
Eyots and Aits -Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.
London Canal Museum
12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT
21.When is the talk on James Brindley?
A. February 6th.
B. March 6th.
C. November 7th.
D. December 5th.
22. What is the topic of the talk in February?
A. The Canal Pioneers.
B. Ice for the Metropolis
C. Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands
D. An Update on the Cotsword Canals
23. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames.
A. Miranda Vickers
B. Malcolm Tucker
C. Chris Lewis
D. Liz Payne
【答案】
21. C
22. D
23. A
【解析】
试题分析：文章主要介绍了在伦敦运河博物馆每个月的讲座安排。

内容包括讲座的时间、做讲座的人以及讲座的内容简介等。

【考点定位】广告布告类短文阅读
【名师点睛】本篇文章是一篇应用文。

文章整体阅读难度较低，所设题目均为考查细节理解题，考生只需通过关键词定位可得出答案。

如21题抓住关键词“James Brindley”，22题抓住关键词“February”，23题抓住关键词“Thames”。

考生做此类阅读理解时可以先从其问题着手，带着问题的关键词到原文中找出相对应的部分，然后通过对照和比较，就不难选出正确答案。