Mid Semester Quiz
情景英语单词
(一).社会生活类1、购物消费：mall 购物中心；chain store 连锁店；department store 百货商店；customer 顾客；display 展示balance 余额，结余；catalog 商品目录；bargain 讨价还价(v.); 便宜货(n.); electronic products 电子产品；discount 折扣；receipt 收据；sell out 售完；deliver 送货2、居家琐事：trivial affairs 日常琐事；iron 烫衣服；in a mess 杂乱；open an account 开户；withdraw 取钱；property 财产; pay off 还清；zip/postal code 邮政编码3、日常交往：leisure time 休闲时间；drop by/round 突然造访；hospitable 好客的；hold on 别挂电话；4、休闲娱乐：hobby 爱好；tame dog 训狗play chess 下象棋broadcast 广播，播放programme 电视节目tennis court 网球场；entertainment industry 娱乐业；tragedy 悲剧；plot 情节enthusiastic 热情的5、外出就餐：waiter/waitress 男女服务员；order 点菜；menu 菜单；dessert 甜点；yogurt 酸奶junk food垃圾食品；beef steak 牛排；medium 中等熟的go dutch AA 制；make a reservation 预定；6、住房搬家：landlord/landlady 房东；apartment/flat 公寓；monthly rent 月租；available 可利用的；settle 定居；suburb 郊区convenience store 便利店supermarket 超市grocery 杂货店complaint 投诉；counter 柜台; budget 预算famous brands 名牌；stationery 文具digital camera 数码相机；shopping list 购物清单；on sale 出售，上市；out of stock 没货，脱销；laundry 洗衣店keep an eye on sb./sth. 照料某人事economical 经济的，节俭的deposit 存款；interest rate 利率；debt 债务；parcel 包裹；call on sb. 拜访某人take a message 捎信hang up 挂断电话operator 接线员keep pets 养宠物；gardening 园艺；TV channels 电视频道；live broadcast 现场直播；commercial advertisement 商业广告performance 表演comedy 喜剧horror movie 恐怖片；entertaining 有趣的，愉快的；napkin 餐巾tip 消费；snack 快餐appetizer 开胃菜；toast 烤面包；roast 烤肉rare 半熟的；sour/sweet/bitter/hot 酸甜苦辣treat 款待，宴请have a picnic 野餐tenant 房客residence 居住，住所spare rooms 空余房间accommodate 供给住宿或房间downtown 市中心；neighborhood 邻近地区；transportation 交通put up with the noise 容忍噪音7、装饰维修：furnished 已装修的；decoration 装饰；cupboard 衣柜sink 下水槽；leak 漏水install 安装；air conditioner 空调（二）.学校生活类1、注册：register 注册，报到，登记；department 系；recommendation letter 推荐信；2、选课：semester 学期；quit/drop a course 退课；major in 主修；optional/elective course 选修课linguistics 语言学；psychology 心理学；3、听课：professor 教授；lecturer 讲师；dean 系主任call the roll 点名；make a presentation 作陈述或介绍get lost 不明白presence 出席punctual 守时，准时skip the class 逃课4、作业：assignment/homework 作业；survey 调查；final draft 终稿due 到期；criticism 批评5、读书：journal 定期刊物；periodical 期刊；editorial 社论；out of stock 已脱销；up-to-date 最近的，当代的；reference book 参考书；publishing house 出版社6、学习：concentrate 集中精神；review/revise 复习；think much /highly of… 对…评价很高7、考试、成绩：mid-term exam 期中考试；quiz 小测验；standardized tests 标准测试;丄 1 八乞-fy 、4 entrance exam 入学考试；grade/score/mark 成绩；passing grade 及格分； B plus B 力口；subway entrance 地铁入口；furniture 家具painting 画；shower 淋浴；pipe 管道；fix 维修；maintenanceman/technician 维修工enrolment 登记入学student ID card 学生证application form 申请表register for/sign up for/enroll in/take earn a credit 修学分required/compulsory course 必修课curriculum 课程；philosophy 哲学；literature class 文学课supervisor/advisor 导师tutor 家教；teaching assistant 教学助理catch/follow 跟上confused/puzzled 迷惑不解的；attendance 出席人数；absence 缺席；take notes 记笔记；make up…弥补（课）experiment 实验rough draft 草稿；have one ' s hands full with忙于做•… deadline 最后期限；feedback 反馈magazine 杂志；book review 书评；go through this novel 通读小说out ofprint 已绝版publisher 出版者publication 出版，出版物；distraction 使人分心的事fall behind 落后；final exam 期末考试pop quiz 突击测验；national test 统考review/goover/go through 复习；full marks 满分straight A ' s 全得A,全优B minus B 减；选课repeat the course 重修；8、毕业进修：graduation 毕业；post graduate 研究生；a bachelor ' s degree 学士学位； a doctor ' s degree 博士学位；study abroad 留学9、学费及奖学金：tuition 学费；grant 助学金；scholarship 奖学金10、课余生活：participate in/take part in 参加；sign up for 参加（俱乐部，课程等）run for 竞选；questionnaire 问卷调查; the student union 学生会；candidate 候选人（三）、求职面试repeat the year 留级graduate 毕业生；diploma 文凭；a master ' s degree 硕士学位；further/advanced study 进修；fee 学杂费；financial aids 助学金；student loan 学生助学贷款enroll in 登记taste 兴趣，爱好；vote 选票election campaign 选举活动；chairman 主席1、求职面试job hunting 找工作；position/post 职位；opportunity 机会；consult 咨询application form 求职信interviewee 面试者competent 胜任的qualification 资历lose one 's job 失业part-time job 兼职工作fire/dismiss 解雇job-hopping 跳槽turn down 拒绝2、工作往来：clients 客户；colleague 同事get along with 与…相处confirm 确认arrangement 安排fill in the application form 填写申请表night shift 夜班take over 接管，接任be involved in 参与negotiate 谈判cooperation 合作bid 投标；difference 分歧；disapprove 反对；headquarter 总部；3、工作态度：attitude 态度；active/positive 积极的；pessimistic 悲观的；forgetful 健忘的；confident 有信心的；perseverance 坚持不懈；overwork 加班；overwhelmed 疲倦的；want ads 招聘广告opening/vacancy 空缺inquiry 询问；resume 简历；interview 面试；interviewer 面试官；inexperienced 没有经验的；unemployment 失业；full-time job 全职工作；do odd jobs 做零工；hire/employ 雇佣；appointment 任命；secretary 秘书；superior 上司；appointment 约会；ask for leave 请假；apply for a vacation 申请休假；morning shift 早班；shift work 倒班工作；in charge of 负责；assistance/favor 帮助，协助；inquire 咨询；competition 竞争；contract 合同approve 同意，批准compromise 妥协，让步branch 分部，分公司personality 品质optimistic 乐观的determined 有决心的diligent 勤奋的hard-working 工作努力的struggle 奋斗work addict 工作狂workload 工作负担wear out 疲劳的；work like a horse 辛勤工作；4、工作业绩：promotion 升职；achievement 成就；deserve 值得，应得；（四）.科普知识类1、生物,生态：biology 生物学；protein 蛋白质inherit 遗传；digestive system 消化系统；ecology 生态学；rare animal 珍稀动物；2、气候：weather forecast 天气预报；Sunny/clear 晴天；overcast 阴天的；light rain 小雨shower 阵雨thunderstorm 雷雨rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨；snowstorm 暴风雨；windy 刮风的sweltering 酷热的sticky 闷热的；muggy 闷热潮湿的；freezing 寒冷的；severe winter 严冬；humid 湿的；3、天文地理：astronomy 天文学；cosmos 宇宙；solar energy 太阳能；planet 行星；telescope 望远镜geology 地质学exploration 勘探South Pole 南极latitude 纬度；iceberg 冰山；erupt 爆发4、现代科技：high tech 高科技；portable computer 手提电脑；websites 网址；log in/on 登陆computer virus 电脑病毒on-line shopping 在线购物distance learning 远程学习；advance technology 先进技术；copying machine 复印机（五）、社会问题类1、环境问题environment protection 环境保护；deforestation; 滥砍滥伐dump 倾倒; vegetation 植被;complain 抱怨devote on eself to sth. 致力于…career 事业contribution 贡献worthy 值得的cell 细胞；gene 基因；survive 生存adapt to 适应soil erosion 水土流失extinction 灭绝temperature 温度cloudy 多云的drizzle 毛毛雨；heavy rain 大雨；pour/downpour 倾盆大雨；blizzard 暴风雨hail 冰雹；breeze 微风的；steamy 湿热的；stuffy 闷的chilly 严寒的frigid 严寒的foggy/misty 有雾的humidity 湿度universe 宇宙solar system 太阳系satellite 卫星comet 彗星；microscope 显微镜；geography 地理；north Pole 北极；equator 赤道；longitude 经度volcano 火山；clone 克隆Internet 因特网cyber 网络；hacker 黑客；chat room 聊天室；surf on the internet 在网上冲浪；fax machine 传真机；printer 打印机photocopying machine 影印机reclaim 开垦; over-fishing 过渡捕鱼; ecosystem 生态系统;oxygen 氧气;ozone layer 臭氧层; pollution 污染; circulation 流通，循环;radiation 辐射; dust-storm 沙尘暴；greenhouse effects 温室效应；rare 稀有的；endangered species 濒危物种; extinction 灭绝;2、移民种族：industrial Revolution 工业革命；refugee 难民；immigration 移民；cultural conflict 文化冲突；multiculturalism 多元化文化主义；racial segregation 种族隔离；3、妇女问题：women ' s liberation 妇女解放；women ' s movement 妇女运动；domestic violence 家庭暴力；abuse 虐待divorce 离婚4、政治经济：international organizations 国际组织economic sanctions 经济制裁; economic depression 经济萧条；crisis 危机；alliance 联盟；politics 政治；deficit 赤字；merge 并购，合并；listed company 上市公司；subsidiary 子公司；the Congress 国会(美)；the Secretary of State 国务卿break out 爆发；internal affairs 内政；terrorism 恐怖主义；CEO (chief executive officer )首席执行官GNP (gross national product) 国民生产总值(六)、文化习俗类1、文化艺术：mass media 大众媒体；musical 音乐片；fashionable 时尚的；popular with 流行；Yuppie 雅皮士；classical literature 古典文学；collected works 文集；aesthetic 美学的；oil painting 油画；dignity 尊严；confrontation 冲突；(musical) instrument 乐器；wind instrument 管乐；stringed instrument 弦乐；orchestra/band 乐队；2、社会习俗：deterioration 恶化;recycle 回收再利用; purify 净化;drought 干旱；acid rain 酸雨；global warming 全球变暖；sensitive toclimate ；对气候敏感的wipe out 清除，消亡; conservation 保护，保存;famine 饥饿migrate 移民；settlement 定居；diverse 多样的；descendant 后代，后裔；racial discrimination 种族歧视；sex discrimination/sexism 性别歧视；professional women 职业女性；traffic in women 贩卖妇女；compensate 补偿；non-governmental organizations 非政府组织economic recession 经济衰退；reform 改革；institution 机构；cooperation 合作；(anti-) dumping ( 反)倾销legislation 立法；judicial 司法的；executive 行政的parliament 国会；bankrupt 破产；the State Council 国务院summit meeting 峰会；rebel 暴乱；strike 罢工；GDP (gross domestic product) 国内生产总值cartoon/animation 动画片Academy Award金像奖outmoded/outdated 过时的catchon 流行；Hippie 嬉皮士；art works 艺术作品collection 作品集，收藏品graffiti 涂鸦；sculpture 雕塑；individual 个人的；offensive 冒犯的；concert 音乐会folk art 民间艺术performance 表演；classic art 高雅艺术；exotic 有异域情调的；costume 服饰；good-mannered 文明的；ill-mannered 无教养的；blunt 唐突，直言的；tradition 传统；wedding ceremony 婚礼庆典；bridesmaid 伴娘；engagement 订婚；（七）、旅游交通类：1、火车track 轨道；a non-stop/through train 直达火车；change/transfer 转车、换乘；car/train attendant 列车员；information booth 问讯处；coach/carriage车厢；berth/bunk 铺位；platform ticket站台票；return/round-trip ticket 往返票check （in） luggage 托运行李；refund a ticket 退票；to cha nge trains at 在（•某地）换车to break the journey 中途下车2、汽车commuter 通勤者；zebra 斑马线；jay-walker 乱穿马路的行人；park a car 停车；run a red light/jump the light 闯红灯；speeding 超速；drunken drinking 酒后驾车；hit-and-the-run accident 事故后驾车逃逸intersection十字路口；shuttle 班车fast lane 快行车道；ticket 罚单；3、飞机Airport 机场；airline 航线；flight 航班；economy class 经济舱；first class 头等舱；business class 商务舱；see off 送行；departure time 起飞时间；check in 办理登机手续；crew 全体乘务人员；captain 机长；pilot 飞行员；switch to a different flight换乘其他航班4、参观游览tourist 游客；sightseeing 观光、游览；book a room 预订房间；service counter 服务台；check out 结账离开；historic spots 历史名胜；custom 风俗；proper conduct 得体的举止taboo 禁忌；behavior 行为；practice 惯例；bridegroom/groom 新郎；bride 新娘；best man 伴郎；express train 快车；stopping train/slow train 慢车；schedule/timetable 时刻表；booking/ticket office 订票处；passenger乘客sleeping car 卧车车厢restaurant/dining car 餐车；one-way ticket 单程票left-luggage office 行李暂存处；punch a ticket 剪票terminal/terminus 终点站the train is due at 在（某时）到达rush hour （车辆的）高峰时间traffic jam 交通拥挤；handbrake 手刹车；hold up 阻塞，抑制；over taking on the inside 超车；make a wrong turn 拐错弯；casualties 伤亡人数one way street 单行道；driver 's/drivingpnse 驾驶执照; give a ride 搭车；injury 受伤;declare 申报（海关、纳税）customs 海关;board 登机;checking counter 检票处passport 护照;visa 签证;air/plane crash 空难; miss flight 误机;safety inspection 安检;behind schedule 晚点; airsick 晕机;jet lag 飞机时差反应;take a vacation 休假; travel agency 旅行社; reception desk 接待处; check in 住宿登记; scenic resort 旅游胜地; landscape 风景;fantastic scene 奇异的景象；beyond description 难以描述；run out of film 胶卷用完了；（八）、医疗健康类1、疾病和症状Epidemic 流行病；SARS 非典型性肺炎；symptom 症状；sneeze 打喷嚏；runny nose 流鼻涕；vomit 呕吐；stomachache 胃痛；toothache 牙疼；allergy 过敏；fatigue 疲劳；have a temperature/fever 发烧；2、医院和医生infirmary 学校医院；the dentist ' s 牙科诊所；registration office 挂号处；out-patient department 门诊部；in-patient department 住院部；pharmacist 药剂师；doctor in charge 主治医师3、检查和治疗Register 挂号；Examine 检查；Take blood pressure 量血压；Physical inspection 体检；Prescription 处方，药方；Herb/herbal medicine 草药；Pill/tablet 药片，药丸；sleeping pill/tablet ；pharmacy 药房take injection 打针；be in hospital 住院；operation 手术；go for the admission procedure 办理住院手续；4、减肥锻炼put on weight 增加体重；aerobics 有氧健身法；keep-fit class 健身房；physical exercise 锻炼；exercise machine 健身器械；go in for physical training 锻炼体魄；5、不良习惯tobacco 烟草（制品）；tar 焦油；lung cancer 肺癌；give up/stop/quit smoking 戒烟；6、身体状况Physical examination 、health checkup 体检；壮；be in good/bad shape 身体健康/ 身体状况好；be in poor health 身体虚弱；be out of shape 身体不好；pose 摆姿势；press the shutter 按快门；broaden one ' s horizon 开拓眼界；bird flu 禽流感；contagion 传染；attack/fit 发作；coughing 咳嗽；nausea 恶心；diarrhea 腹泻；cavity 牙洞；dental decay 龋齿；fracture 骨折；sore throat 嗓子疼；clinic 诊所；physician 内科医生surgeon 外科医生ward 病室；anesthetist 麻醉师；head nurse 护士长；make a file 建病例；take temperature 量体温；treat 治疗；cure 治愈；fill teeth 补牙；drug 药；dosage 剂量；drugstore/chemist ' s 药店p 药房；vaccinate 注射疫苗；be out of hospital 出院；surgery 外科手术；overweight 超重的lose weight 减肥；fitness center 健身中心slimming drug 减肥药；on diet 节食；build up a good physique 锻炼身体；addict 使沉溺或上瘾；nicotine 尼古丁；heavy smoker 烟瘾大的人；give up/stop/quit drinking 戒酒;be of strong physique/powerful build 体格强be as fit as a fiddle 身体非常好；be/feel under the weather 身体不舒服；。
托福听力CONVERSATION 词汇
1.orientation meeting/session [.ɔ:rien'teiʃən] 新生情况介绍会Eg: The University has arranged an orientation session.2.professor’s office hour 教授答疑时间Eg: Many freshmen are uncertain or shy about utilizing利用aprofessor’s office hours.3.lecture ['lektʃə] n. 演讲,讲课Eg: Several hundred people are expected to attend the lecture. 4．lecture hall n. 讲堂,讲演厅,报告厅Eg: The lecture hall was jammed 堵塞when the professor arrived at the very last moment.5.tutorial [tju:'tɔ:riəl] n. 个别指导Eg: Small group tutorials are used to discuss problems which come up 出现in lectures.6. deadline ['dedlain] n. 最后期限,截止时间Eg: There's no way I can meet that deadline.7. overdue ['əuvə'dju:] adj. 过期的due 到期Eg: I must take these books back to the library - they'reoverdue.There is a fine 罚金if the reserved library books are even one hour overdue.8. schedule ['skedʒul] n. 时间表,计划v. 安排,计划Eg: According to the schedule, the first lecture begins at 9.00 am The test is scheduled to begin in one hour.9. time slot 位置[slɔt] 时间空档Eg: If you have two final exams scheduled at the same time, you will have to move one exam to another time slot空位位置10.signature ['signitʃə] n. 签字,签名Eg: Each child must obtain获得获取the signature of his or her parents11.thesis ['θi:sis] n. 毕业论文Eg: a master's/doctoral thesis on the effects of global warming 12.dissertation [.disə'teiʃən] n. 论文Eg: He wrote his dissertation on an obscure晦涩的16th-century poem.13.course [kɔ:s] n. 课程Eg: compulsory强制的/required/mandatory义务的强制的course; elective course, optional course;foundation course, introductory course, intermediate中间的level course, advanced course14.elective [i'lektiv] n. 选修科目Eg: She took three electives last term.15. option ['ɔpʃən] n. 选修科目Eg: She is taking French as an option next year16.assignment [ə'sainmənt] n. 功课,任务Eg: I have a lot of reading assignments to complete before the end of term.17.presentation [.prezen'teiʃən] n. (国外学生在课堂上所做的)演讲Eg: The speaker gave an interesting presentation on urban transport.18. field work 野外考察实地考察Eg:Offered by most departments for academic credit, field work enables students to examine the way the theories and the practical experiences of a particular discipline 学科训练纪律惩罚interact相互作用（学科互动）.19. attendance [ə'tendəns] n. 出勤, 上课Eg: Attendance at lectures is compulsory.20.skip/miss classes 缺课, 旷课Eg: He skipped chemistry class three times last month21. tuition fees 学费Eg: Many students will not have to pay tuition fees if their financial situation is below a certain level.22. course syllabus ['siləbəs] 课程大纲Eg: Course syllabus lists the course objectives目标, required reading assignments, examination dates, and other course requirements such as attendance23. handout ['hændaut] n. 讲义Eg: I e-mailed you about getting the handouts from the class I missed the other day.24. semester=term [si'mestə] n. 学期Eg: How many subjects are you studying this semester25. practicum ['præktikəm] n. 实习科目,实习课Eg: A practicum is a college course, often in a specialized field of study, that is designed to give students supervised 管理practical application of a previously or concurrently studied theory.26. placement service 就业办公室Eg: Placement service is a campus office that provides job listings from local or campus employees and assists students in finding full-time jobs after graduation27.take on a part-time job从事兼职工作Eg: He had taken on a part-time job selling all-natural products.28.transfer [træns'fə:] v 转班, 转学Eg: I was able to transfer my credits from summer school29.extension [iks'tenʃən] n. 延期Eg: Donald's been given an extension to finish his thesis30.examination [ig.zæmi'neiʃən] n. 考试Eg: The examination results will be announced in September.31.pop quiz 突击考试Eg: We have a history pop quiz every Monday.32.mid-term exam 期中考试Eg: Alison has a history mid-term exam next week.33.final exam 期末考试Eg: The final exam for this class will be on May 21st.When is your chemistry/French/algebra 代数final?34.teaching assistant 助教Eg: A teaching assistant (TA) is an individual who assists a professor or teacher with instructional responsibilities.35.instructor=lecturer [in'strʌktə] n. 教师,讲师Eg: He's a poetry instructor at a local community college.36.spring break 春季学期间的短假期Eg: In the United States, the timing of spring break in tertiary第三级的institutions 高等教育机构may range from the beginning of March to the later part of April, but many schools are in recess休息for at least one of the weeks in March37.review [ri'vju:] vt.温习, 复习(go over)Ex :We'll spend this week reviewing for the final.38. tutor ['tju:tə] n. 家庭教师Eg: His tutor encouraged him to read widely in philosophy.39. tutoring 家庭辅导Eg: I have to do some tutoring to pay my tuition fees.Tutoring can be defined as people who are not professional teachers helping and supporting the learning of others in an interactive, purposeful and systematic way.40. internship ['intə:nʃip] n. 实习Eg: Jane has a summer internship at a local TV station.41. assistantship [ə'sistənt.ʃip] n. 研究生助教奖学金Eg: Graduate students have several sources of funding, but perhaps the most common is the assistantship42. gym/sports center/health center 健身中心Eg: I try and work out at the local gym once a week.43. lost and found 失物招领处Eg: A lost and found is an office in the university where students can go to retrieve 找回lost articles that may have been found by other students.44. health insurance 医疗保险Eg: A health insurance policy is a contract between an insurance company and an individual42. student I.D. number 学号Eg: Students have an I.D number, with which they login onto the school's website and access assignments.43. snack bar 小吃店Eg: A snack bar is a place where you can buy snacks or small meals 44. online course 网络课程Eg: Online courses enable us to extend the opportunity of studying with the University of Oxford to students anywhere in the world, in a way that fits with the busiest of lives.45. plagiarism ['pleidʒiərizəm] n. 剽窃Eg: The journal accused谴责the professor of plagiarism.46. curriculum [kə'rikjuləm] n. 课程,全部课程Eg: Languages are an essential part of the school curriculum.47. audit ['ɔ:dit] 旁听Eg: As a senior citizen, he is allowed to audit university classes.48. multiple choice questions 多项选择题Eg: A multiple choice examination or question shows several possible answers, and you have to choose the correct one49. grade, score, mark 分数成绩Eg: Tim worked hard and got good grades.The school's test scores have not improved Her marks have been a lot lower this term50. GPA 平均成绩点数(=grade point average)Eg: A cumulative 累积的渐增的grade point average is calculated as an indicator 指示物of overall academic performance in a program and is used as a criterion for graduation requirements51. withhonours ['ɔnəz] n. 优异成绩Eg: If you complete a school or university qualification 资格合格证书限定条件with honours, you achieve a high standard.She graduated with (top/high) honors.52. the stacks [plural] 书架Eg: I couldn't find the book in the stacks.53. commencement n. [kə'mensmənt] 毕业典礼(=graduation ceremony)Eg: During commencement degrees or diplomas学位证书are given to students who have graduated from a school or college54. report card/grade report成绩报告Eg: In most places, the report card is issued by the school to the student or the student's parents twice or four times yearly.55. abstract ['æbstrækt] n. 摘要Eg: There is a section at the end of the magazine which includes abstracts of recent articles/books.56. summary ['sʌməri] n. 摘要Eg: At the end of the news, they often give you a summary of the main news stories.57. Literature Review ['litərətʃə] 文献综述Eg: The ultimate 根本的最终的goal of literature review is to bring the reader up to date with current literature on a topic58.references/bibliography [.bibli'ɔgrəfi] n. 参考书目Eg: Bibliography usually appears at the end of the thesis.59.term paper n. 学期论文Eg: Bill has written only one-third of his term paper that is due tomorrow60.graduate school application 研究生申请Eg: My professor offered me some advice concerning the wording of my graduate school application61.transcript ['trænskript] n. 成绩单成绩单Eg: I want to continue my studies. I would appreciate it if you could send me a transcript62.diploma [di'pləumə] n. 文凭Eg: Anyone with a high school diploma can enroll in the course.I’d like to drop off my graduation form. I understand you need this in order to process my diploma.63. recall [ri'kɔ:l] v. 召回Eg: If the book is recalled by other students then you have to return it within 7 working days.64.certificate [sə'tifikit] n. 证书Eg: high school/college diploma65.scholarship ['skɔləʃip] n. 奖学金Eg: She got/received/won a scholarship to Yale University66.fellowship ['feləuʃip] n. 研究生奖学金Eg: She's applied for a research fellowship.67.grant [grɑ:nt] n. 资助Eg: They gave/awarded her a grant to study abroad for one year.68.registration [.redʒi'streiʃən] n. 注册Eg: Registration for the course will take place a week before the start of term.69.sign up for 报名参加选课Eg: She's signed up for evening classes at the community college. 70.major ['meidʒə] n. 主修专业Eg: He chose history as his major and French as his minor71.minor ['mainə] n. 副修专业Eg: She majored in chemistry with a minor in biology72.academic advisor 学习顾问Eg: Academic advisors provide students with accurate information about academic progression and degree requirements.73.approval [ə'pru:vəl] n. 允许许可Eg: I need to get the professor’s signature on my schedule card here, on the li ne above advisor’s approval.74.quit/drop 放弃退课Eg: I have to drop my chemistry course last semester when I went into the hospital, so I need to take it again.75.credit ['kredit] n. 学分Eg: He's already got a credit/three credits in earth science76.registrar ['redʒi.strɑ:] n . (学校)注册主任Eg: at some colleges, an official in charge of examinations, keeping records and admitting new students77.enroll [in'rəul] v. 登记Eg: I enrolled for/in/on the modern art course.78.library ['laibrəri] n. 图书馆Eg: The library loans books, CDs and videotapes.79.student ID card 学生证Eg: You have to show your student ID card in order to go to the university gym.80.library card 借书证Eg: I’ve lost my library card and I can’t borrow any books until I geta new one.81.fiction ['fikʃən] n. 小说Eg: The book is a work of fiction and not intended as a historical account.82.non-fiction 非小说Eg: Non-fictions include dictionaries and reference books.83.reference book(=reference) 参考书Eg: The reference book I want to borrow has been put on reserve by the professor.84.encyclopedia [en.saikləu'pi:diə] n. 百科全书Eg: Does anyone know when Mozart was born?" "Look it up in the encyclopedia."85.periodical [.piəri'ɔdikəl] n. 期刊Eg: She has written for several legal periodicals.86.magazine [.mægə'zi:n] n. 杂志Eg: She's the editor of a popular women's magazine.87.current issue 现刊Eg: Current issues are put on the shelves in the periodical section. 88.back issue 过刊Eg: Back issues of newspapers are put in the basement of the library.89.journal ['dʒə:nl] n. 学术杂志Eg: The library subscribes to all the major science journals.90.newspaper ['nju:z.peipə] n. 报纸Eg: Which newspaper do you read regularly, Daily or Sunday newspaper？91.atlas ['ætləs] n. 地图册Eg: an atlas of the world92.almanac ['ɔ:lmənæk] n. 年鉴Eg: a book published every year that contains facts and information such as important days, times of the sun rising and going down or changes in the moon93.video 录像带Eg: We're going to rent a couple of videos to watch this weekend 94.VCR 录像机= Video Cassette RecorderEg: a machine you use to record television programs or play videotapes95.declare a major 选专业Eg:You must declare a major by the end of your sophomore year puter access电脑使用Eg: Computer access is provided in all the sections of the library97.internet service网络服务98.online database 在线数据库Eg: We're linked to the on-line database at our head office.99.project 功课任务Eg: In our third year at college everyone had to do a special project.I am having problem with my group project100.cram [kræm] v.仓促备考Eg: She's cramming for her history exam.101.photocopier ['fəutə.kɔpiə] n. 复印机Eg: I have a photocopier in my office that automatically sorts sheets of paper into different bins.102.photocopy 复印Eg: I'll just make a photocopy of the agreement.Could you photocopy those three pages for me, please?103.printer 打印机Ex :The future of high-quality printing in businesses belongs to laser printers.104.interlibrary service 图书馆馆际互借服务Eg: Interlibrary services are services provided mutually by libraries with the aim of making library documents, irrespective of the place where they are deposited, available to all their users.105.closed reserve 非外借书库Eg: If a print resource will be in high demand they can request that item placed in the Closed Reserve.106.put ...on reserve 把资料放在非外借书库Eg: The librarian has put the book on reserve for me107.multimedia 多媒体Eg: We bought a multimedia encyclopedia108.online catalogue ['kætəlɔ:g] n. 在线书目Eg: There is a new catalogue of all the books in the library.109.keyword 关键字Eg: You can type in the keyword to locate the book you are looking for.110.call number 索书号Eg: A call number is a group of numbers and/or letters put together to tell you where in the library to find your book.111.check out 办理外借手续Eg: Residents now have to pay $50 a year to check out books from the state university library112.recall [ri'kɔ:l] n. 召回Eg: If an item is recalled, it's loan period will be shortened to two weeks113.circulation desk [.sə:kju'leiʃən] 借书台Eg: When visiting the library in person, you can bring the material you want to check out to one of two circulation desks on the main level of the library.114.loan period/borrowing period [ləun] 借书期限Eg: The loan period for circulating materials varies according to the status of the borrower.115.renew [ri'nju:] v. 续借Eg: He renewed the book for another two months116.overdue ['əuvə'dju:] adj. 过期的Eg: The library books are overdue.117.fine [fain] n. 罚款,罚金Eg: I got a fine for not returning library books on time.118.bachelor's degree 学士学位Eg: He graduated from North Dakota State University in 1993 with a bachelor's degree in civil engineering.119.grade point average (学生各科成绩)平均积分点Eg: Despite this tragedy, she graduated with the second highest grade point average in her high school.120.general education 通识教育Eg: All courses in the General Education program strive to stimulate critical or analytic thinking121.discipline ['disiplin] n. 学科Eg: History and economics only became separate academic disciplines in the 20th century.122.vacation [vei'keiʃən] n. 假期,休假Eg: We're taking a vacation in June.123.prerequisite ['pri:'rekwizit] n. 先决条件Eg: Passing a written exam is a prerequisite for taking the advanced course.124.quarter ['kwɔ:tə] 四分之一学年Eg: A quarter is one of four periods into which the school year is divided125.counselor ['kaunsələ] n. 顾问126.department chairEg: He was elected department chair of the physics department. 127.dean [di:n] n. 系主任,学院院长Eg: She is the new dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences.the Dean of Medicine128.faculty ['fækəlti] n.全体教员;(大学的)系,科,院Eg:the Arts/Law Facultythe Faculty of Science129.drop out 退学Eg: He dropped out of college when he was 20.130.make-up test 补考Eg: I have to take a make-up test because I got the flu on the test day 131.expel [iks'pel] v 开除Eg: Two girls were expelled from school for taking drugs.132.student union 学生会Eg: In colleges and universities, the student union is often accorded its own building on the campus, dedicated to social and organizational activities of the student body.133.degree [di'gri:] n. 学位Eg: She's got a bachelor's/master's degree in history from Yale.134.freshman ['freʃmən] n. 大学一年级学生Eg: He's a freshman at Harvard.135.sophomore ['sɔfəmɔ:] n. 大学二年级学生Eg: A sophomore is a student studying in the second year of a course at a US college136.junior ['dʒu:njə] n.Eg: a junior at NYU137.senior ['si:njə] n.Eg: Jen will be a senior this year.138.dormitory ['dɔ:mitri]Eg: He soon gets accustom to dormitory life and make two or three friend139.roommate ['ru:mmeit] n. 室友Eg: Jean was my roommate during our first year at university. 140.off campus 在校园外的Eg: The Off Campus Housing office provides information to members of the Johns Hopkins community looking for a place to live near the university.141. title ['taitl] n. 标题,头衔,称号Eg: I've read one of her books, but I can't remember the title.142. skim [skim] vt.略读Eg: It took me an hour to skim the book143. graph [grɑ:f] n. 图表,示意图Eg: This graph shows how crime has varied in relationship to unemployment over the last 20 years.144. chart [tʃɑ:t] n. 图表Eg: He illustrated his theory by using charts and graphs.145. draft [dræft] n. 草稿Eg: She asked me to check the (first) draft of her proposal.146. register ['redʒistə] v. 记录,登记,注册Eg:Did you registers already for classes next semester?147. seminar ['seminɑ:] n. 研究会,讨论发表会Eg: Professor White's seminar was cancelled.148. master’s degr ee n. 硕士学位Eg:Master’s degree is an academic degree higher than a bachelor's but lower than a doctor's149. bulletin board ['bulitin] 告示牌Eg: The classroom assignment sheet is posted on the bulletin board. 150. cancel ['kænsəl] v. 取消Eg: The class has been cancelled because not enough students signed up for it.151. administration office/building 行政办公室/楼Eg: He was looking for the administration building to drop off his graduation form.152. overwhelmed [.əuvə'welm] v. 由于工作、功课量大而忙不过来Eg: I am a little overwhelmed by the size of this university.153.swamped [swɔmp] v. 由于工作、功课量大而忙不过来Eg: I'm swamped with work at the moment.154. feedback ['fi:dbæk] n. 反馈,成果Eg: Every Friday, Mr. James would hand out the students' essays and give them some feedback.155. audition [ɔ:'diʃən] n. 试听;试演Eg: His audition went well and he's fairly hopeful about getting the part.156. career fair 招聘会Eg: He went to the career services office to confirm the date and time of the career fair.157. linguistics [liŋ'gwistiks] n. 语言学Eg: Linguistics is the systematic study of the structure and development of language in general or of particular languages158. accounting [ə'kauntiŋ] n. 会计;会计学Eg: In order to deal with the problems of budgeting for this it is necessary to know something of company financial and cost accounting.159. pointer ['pɔintə] n. 暗示,线索,点子Eg: I want some pointers where to go for information on this subject. 160. textbook ['tekstbuk] n. 课本,教科书Eg: I can't get hold of any of the college textbooks he recommended.Most economics textbooks skip over the subject of investing and financial markets.161. apply for 申请Eg: We've applied to a charitable organization for a grant for the project.162. résumé [ˈrɛzəˌmeɪ] n. 简历,履历Eg: She sent her résuméto fifty companies, but didn't even get an interview.163. stop by 偶然过访,靠近,访问(=come by)Eg: Can you stop by for a moment on your way home from your firm 164. submit [səb'mit] v. 呈送,递交(=hand in/turn in)Eg: Please su bmit your application form before the deadline.165. outline ['əutlain] n. 大纲Eg: In this paper I will give a broad outline of the research we have been doing.166. blank out 忘记Eg: I blanked out during the exam.167. shelf [ʃelf] n. 书架Eg: I couldn’t find the book I wanted on the shelf.168. clarify ['klærifai] vt.澄清,阐明,使... 明晰Eg: The teacher's explanation clarify the puzzling problem169.synthesis ['sinθisis] n. 综合Eg: The teacher asked me to write a synthesis of what I had observed and read.170. revise [ri'vaiz] v. 校订,修正,校正Eg: My professor asked to revise the first draft of the thesis.171. poster ['pəustə] n. 海报Eg: He put up a poster advertising the career fair.172. flyer ['flaiə] n. 传单Eg: Flyers are inexpensive to produce and are regarded as a very effective form of direct marketing173. come up 出现,发生Eg: Should he be watching TV now with the exams coming up next week174. pick up 取拿领Eg: When you're in town could you pick up the books I ordered?Have you picked up your ID card from the office yet?175. break 短暂的休息时间课间休息Ex. Would you like to take a break and get a soda?176 give away vi. 赠送,送出Ex. I gave away all my out-of-date science texts when I moved?177. cover v. 覆盖,涉及,包含Ex. We are rapidly nearing the end of this course in the history of classical music. We have covered several centuries in a very short time178. accept v 录取Eg: Because Susan was accepted by the state university, her brother Ben applied there too.179. overhead projector 投影仪Eg:I can run this overhead projector There’s really nothing to do it. 180.out of print (书等)已绝版的,已售完的Eg:Her first novel is out of print now but you may find a second-hand copy.181. note [nəut] n. 笔记Eg: Mind if I borrow your economics notes for a while?182. language lab 语音室Eg:Shall I lock the language lab now before I go home183. appointment [ə'pɔintmənt] n. 预约Eg: I have an appointment to see Doctor Gram for a physical examination.。
托福听力分类词汇完整版
新托福IBT听力场景入学：enrollment 登记, 注册opening ceremony n.开业典礼, 仪式commencement ceremony 毕业典礼convocation n.正式会议（可指简单的毕业典礼）orientation meeting开学说明会staff n.全体职员freshman （大学）一年级学生sophomore （大学）二年级学生junior （大学）三年级学生senior （大学）四年级学生tuition, fee 费用placement test 开学测试excellent 出色的average 平均的，一般的below average 低于平均水平的，差的结构及称谓:university- president 大学，校长chancellor 名誉校长college 学院school 学院dean 院长principal 中学校长professor 教授associate professor 副教授assistant professor 助理教授coordinator 班主任，协调人counselor 辅导员advisor 指导老师instructor 讲师tutor 个人辅导supervisor 管理人undergraduate 本科graduate 研究生建筑物buildings:canteen.餐厅cafeteria.自助餐厅administration building 行政大楼main building主楼wing/annex 配楼teaching building教学楼dormitory n.宿舍auditorium n.会堂, 礼堂=lecture hall assembly n.集合,集会hall computer lab 计算实验室，机房dining hall 食堂选课学科major 主修minor 副修science理科, arts文科, engineering 工科Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogies 教育学，教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学类型required、compulsory course 必修课selective/optional course选修课elective course 选修课lecture 讲座seminar 高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课tutorial 个人辅导课程workshop 专题课程级别Introductory 入门级elementary, fundamental 初级Intermediate, secondary 中级Advanced 高级Prerequisite 先修课程上课：Attend class 上课Miss class 缺课Skip class逃课Syllabus 教学大纲Required textbook 要求的课本Attendance 出勤Grading system 打分体系Class participation 课堂参与杂semester/term 学期quarter小学期course guideline 课程纲要major 主修minor 副修exemption 免修syllabus 教学大纲Professor’s signature 教授的签字（用于注册课程）Course cap课程容量（可以招收的学生数）,openings （可供注册的名额）Take选（课）, drop 退（课）Late registration晚注册Deregistration 注销教师称号professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者，顾问president 大学校长teacher/faculty 教师student's advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家mathematician 数学家chemist 化学家historian 历史学家statistician 统计学家作业：assignment 作业homework = coursework = schoolwork = studies 作业lab report 实验报告book report 读书报告project 作业presentation 发言term paper 学期论文（research paper）thesis/essay/dissertation 论文journal 学术期刊social investigation 社会调查survey 调查questionnaire n.调查表, 问卷observation n.观察interview vt.n.采访collect data 收集数据broad (论文等)内容宽泛narrow down (论文等)缩小范围source （写论文的）参考资料critical thinking 评判性思维lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadline n.最终期限extension 延期due date/time期限outline n.大纲, 提纲(roadmap) bibliography n书目, 参考书目reference 参考plagiarism n. 抄袭revise v. 修改rewrite v. 重写final draft 完成稿speech n.演讲presentation 演讲，陈述eye contact 目光接触intonation 音调考试：mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考cumulative final 总结性考试take-home exam（拿回家的开卷考试，一般有限定的时间）open-book exam 开卷考试subjective test 主观性测试objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验blue book 答题本assessment n估价appraisal n.评价, 估价make up for补考,resit, retake重考grade （mark 、score）分数成绩：perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A's 全Abe all A's and B's 全是A和BB plus B加A minus A减pass the iexam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业diploma, degree, certificate 文凭，学位，证书考试问题：分析成绩低的原因，给出解决办法图书馆：library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication 出版物periodical 期刊magazine 杂志book catalogue 图书目录classified catalogue 分类目录bibliography 参考书目title index 书目索引alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引circulation desk借书处reserved books 馆藏书（只能在图书馆内借阅）library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室online journal 在线期刊video tape 录像带back issue 过期杂志current issue 近期杂志archive 档案non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说copier 复印机check out 办理（借、还）手续renew 续借overdue过期interlibrary service 馆际服务部分名称information desk n.服务台delivery/circulation desk借书台shelf n.书架photocopy room复印室return area 还书处students locker 学生存储间reference section 参考书部科研过程HypothesisAlternative hypothesis择一假说Null hypothesis无效假说, 零假说Collect dataSurvey, questionnaire ExperimentInterfere, influence ObservationAnalyze dataInterpret dataAnalysisAnalyticalSubjectSampleTreatment groupNon-treatmentControl group校内工作，课外活动及寻找经济援助：Letter of reference/recommendation CompetitiveBenefit future careerField researchCollect data for papersWaiter, waitress，BabysitterWork at the library Qualification资格, qualified 合格的Resume, CVfinancial aid经济援助Scholarship Fellowship Teaching assistantship 助教奖学金Research assistantship 研究奖学金Grant 助学金Loan 贷款Need-based以需求为基础Merit-based 以优秀为基础Student union 学生会Clubs 俱乐部Membership 成员资格Career service住宿：宿舍：accommodation n.住处, 膳宿residence hall宿舍suite 套间studio 工作室，独立套间village 村落（校内一栋一栋的房子，可以用做宿舍）lounge n.公共大厅（可以用做娱乐）home-stay 在国外住在房东家里的那种roommate同屋者,室友corridor n. 走廊,过道，租房lease n.租借, 租约landlord 房东landlady女房东rent租金tenant 房客patio n.阳台，sliding door n.推拉门single room 单人房twin room 双人房two-bedroom apartmenthouse key 房锁匙床上用品:pillow n.枕头bed linen n. 床上用品sheet n. 被单mattress n.床垫blanket n.毯子towel n.手巾, 毛巾quilt n.棉被电器类electric appliance(instrument; equipment) 电器heater, furnace 加热器，炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机（laundry 洗衣店）utensil 器皿；用具kitchen utensil 炊具oven 烤箱；烤炉range 煤气灶dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机(hot-water) heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶refrigerator (freezer) 冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修，保养家具类furniture 家具bookshelf 书架bookcase 书柜couch 沙发chest 柜子；橱；箱子dresser (bureau) 梳妆台cabinet (电视机等)机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜cupboard (closet) 碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture （房屋）固定装置furnishings 室内陈设日常生活/问题:personal possessions/property/belongings个人财产get insurance for personal possessions/property/belongs garbage/rubbish/waste n.垃圾dispose v. 处理gas meter煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.夜贼leaking/leakage n. 泄漏lost key丢钥匙break in 闯入讲座场景词汇Geology地质学Slide n. 滑坡Landslide n.山体滑坡Mud泥土, soil土壤Earth n. 土Sink v.下沉Ground water 地下水Irrigation n. 灌溉Freeze, froze, frozen v.冷冻Melt v.融化moltenGravity n.重心Aggravate v.加重Lean v.倾斜Slope n.斜坡Steep adj.陡峭Erode v., erosion n.腐蚀Fossil n.化石Dinosaur n.恐龙Sediment, deposit 沉淀物Marble 大理石granite 花岗岩Ore 矿石Stalactite 钟乳石Refine v. 提炼Platinum v. 铂金Seismology 地震学Vibration, tremor, 震动Wave 波动Volcano, volcanic 火山，火山的Volcanic eruption 火山喷发Magnitude 级数Collision n.碰撞Active adj.积极的Dormant adj.休眠的Extinct adj. 熄灭的Magma n.岩浆Lava n.岩浆Erupt v.喷发explode v.爆炸(explosion)boom n.爆炸Blast n.爆炸Avalanche n.雪崩地球科学Earth’s interior 地球的内部Seismic waves地震波Compression 压缩Shear（a deformation of an object in which parallel planes remain parallel but are shifted in a direction parallel to themselves）Slow down减慢速度Reflect 反射Depth深度Density 密度Boundary边界Mantle地幔Crust地壳Core地心Continental plate 大陆板块Tectonic plate (地球表面的)构造板块Continental drift 大陆漂移Layer, strata 层Stratify 分层Crack 裂缝Molten lava 融化的岩浆Climatic shift=Climatic changes气候变化Consistent pattern 统一的，始终一致的Solar energy太阳能Radiate 发射，放射Crude approximation 大概的猜测Speculation猜测Cooling down冷却Mechanism 机制Length of the dayPhysical force 体力Imaginary line虚拟线Artificial reservoir 人工水库LatitudeRedistribute再分配，再分布Spin 快速旋转Minerals 矿物质Diverse 多样的Specimen，Sample样品Abundant 丰富的Glassy像玻璃的Amazon stones天河石Firing vapor 炙热的水蒸汽Wipe out 根除，彻底消灭Mt Everest 珠穆朗玛峰Elevation 海拔，海拔增高Precise measurement精确的测量Global Positioning System全球定位系统Longitude 经度Latitude 维度Alternative sources of energy 可替代资源Gas hydrate气体水合物Trap 困住Flame 火焰Potential 潜在的Model 模式Geological fault地质断层Crack 裂缝seismic gap地震活动空白地带postulate 假设chunk 大块cylinder 圆柱cylindrical 圆柱形的ground tilt measurement地倾斜观测evacuate 撤出sedimentary adj. 沉淀性的accumulate 积累商业Insurance 保险Note 注意Contract合约Verbal agreement口头协议Repay 偿还Interest 利息Merchant 商人Cautious 谨慎的Paramount 极为重要的Manufacture 制造Label 标签Contention 所持观点Inform 告知Cost成本Profit利润loss损失Net净的，gross粗略的Supply and demand供求Supply chain供应链Fluctuation 浮动Recession 衰退Depression 萧条Marketing strategies市场营销策略Survey 调查Surplus 剩余Shipment 运输Distribution 分布Retail 零售Whole sale 批发Franchise特许经营Budget预算哲学Socrates, Plato and Aristotle Theme 主题Logic 逻辑Rhetoric 修辞Fundamental causes 基本原因Principles of the universe 宇宙的原则Perceive 看待，观察Perception 观点Sense 感觉Soul 灵魂spiritElement 组成成分Reasoning 推理Ration理性, rational有理性的Contemplation 沉思，思考Judgment判断Just公正的，justice公正Justify证明, justification 合理的理由Explicit 明确的Ethics道德规范Ethical theory 伦理理论Moral 有道德的Ultimate truth终极真理Universal 普遍的Search for truth 追求真理Vary v.不相同Intrinsic 内部的Extrinsic 外部的Critic 评论家Old-fashioned 过时的Valuable 有价值的Survive 生存，存活Conservative 保守的Liberal 开放的Impractical不实际的Empirical经验主义的Cognitive 认知的Weaken 削弱Diminish （影响力）减小Medieval 中世纪Renaissance 文艺复兴Doctrine教义,主义,学说Idealism 唯心论，理想主义Epistemology n. 认识论Metaphysics形而上学,玄学Reconcile和解,调停天文学astronomy constellation 星座zodiac （星象学的星座）planet 行星sun 恒星Jupiter 木星Pluto 冥王星Saturn 土星Mercury 水星Mars 火星Venus金星Neptune海王星Uranus天王星Ceres 谷物星（the largest asteroid and the first discovered）White dwarf 白矮星Big Dipper 北斗七星Asteroid belt 小行星带Milky Way 银河系Galaxy n.星系orbit v.运行n.轨道rotate v. 转Axis n.轴track n. 轨道outer space外太空gravity n.重力equator n.赤道tropical 热带的brightness n.亮度dimension n.维度distance n. 距离Eclipse (日月食)Wane, diminish v. 逐渐变小Centripetal 向心Centrifugal 离心Nebula 星云(an immense cloud of gas (mainly hydrogen) and dust in interstellar space）Nebulous adj. 星云的Gas 气体(rock, ice, hydrogen, oxygen)Particle 微粒Polar light 极光Astronomical 天文的Astrophysics 天文物理学Big Dipper 北斗七星Black hole 黑洞Celestial天体的Celestial map 天体图Centrifugal force 离心力Chondrite 球粒状陨石Chromosphere太阳的色球层Clockwise 顺时针Cluster 星团，一群星星Comet 彗星Cosmos宇宙, cosmetic宇宙的Cosmology宇宙学Emission 排放物，发射Faint 微弱的Feeble 微弱的Gaseous bodies 气态包Gravitational force 吸引力Greenwich mean time 格林尼治时间High resolution 高清晰度Ignite 引燃Illusive object 幻影物体Image 影响，形象Infinite 无限的Infrared ray 红外射线Interferometer 干扰仪Intergalactic 星系间的International date line 国际日期变更线Interplanetary 星球间的Interstellar星际的Leap year 闰年Light year光年Luminosity光亮度Lunar阴历的，月亮的Massive 巨大的Meteor流星Meteor shower 流星雨Meteorite陨石Meteoroid流星体Molten 融化的Naked eye 裸眼Observatory 天文台Photosphere 光球层Planetarium 天文馆Planetoid 小行星Polestar 北极星Pseudoscience 伪科学Quasar类星体Radiation 辐射Revolution 旋转Rotation 旋转Satellite 卫星Sky atlas天体图Solar corona日冕Space debris 太空垃圾Space shuttle 太空飞船Space suit 太空服Spin 快速旋转Star cluster 星群，星团Stellar 星星的Sunspot 太阳黑子Time difference 时差Time zone 时区表演艺术（舞蹈，电影，音乐etc.）Genre 艺术分类Performing art 表演艺术modern dance piece现代舞concert 音乐会play剧opera歌剧film 电影camera 摄影camera shotanalytical 分析的parallel 平行的ballet芭蕾舞choreographer 舞蹈指导Fine/visual arts 视觉艺术Abstract art抽象艺术landscape风景photography摄影exposure 曝光develop film 冲洗胶卷negative n. 底片portrait(portray v. )肖像, 人像、still life静物sculpture雕塑statue 人物雕像lifelike 逼真的vividanthem 国歌Critic 评论家Criticism 批评，评论Review n.评论Masterpiece 杰作Have aesthetic value 有美学价值Aesthetic appeal 美学吸引力Feature 特点Characteristics 特点Distinct adj.与众不同的Unique 独一无二的Style 风格Technique 技巧Gallery n.画馆Edition n.专辑Release v. 发行Debut n.首映Impressionist 印象主义者Impressionism 印象派Perspective 透视法Angle 角度Press/Publishing house出版社Acclaim v. 盛赞mirage 海市蜃楼prolific 多产Preserve v. 保存Extinct adj.灭绝的，消失的文学Literature 文学Poetry诗歌biography传记autobiography 自传detective stories 侦探小说drama戏剧novel小说Novelist 小说家collection of short stories短篇小说集Allegory寓言Comparative literature比较文学Diary 日记Editorial 社论，重要评论Fiction 小说Aestheticism 唯美Autobiography 自传Descriptive prose 描述散文Fairy tale 童话Futurism 未来派Legend 传说Literary studies 文学研究Narrative prose 叙述性散文Podium 讲台Prose 散文Realism 现实主义School of literature 文学派别Leading character 主要角色Literary criticism 文学评论Literary studies 文学学习Modernism 现代主义Plot 情节Poetry 诗歌Prologue前言Proverb谚语Surrealism 超现实主义美术Art gallery艺廊Calligraphy书法Imitating模仿Landscape painting风景画Oil painting油画Paste粘贴Crayon 蜡笔，粉笔，颜料Pigmentation 颜料Canvas 帆布Wax 蜡Spectrum 光谱Perspective透视画法Poster海报Portrait肖像Model模式，模特mural 壁画Panorama全景Pastel drawing蜡笔画Sketch草图Autograph手稿建筑Architecture建筑学Architect建筑师Architectural style建筑风格Art deco 装饰艺术Art moderneGeometric patterns 几何图形Arch 拱门Castle 城堡Cathedral大教堂Framing结构Lobby n. 大厅(entrance hall) Elevator n. 电梯Façade n. 正面Stairs 楼梯Interior 内部的Exterior 外部的Impressionistic style印象派风格Mosque清真寺Pyramid金字塔Revival 复活Renaissance 文艺复兴Medieval中世纪Byzantine architecture 527 (Sofia)-1520音乐Accompaniment 伴奏Audition 试听，试表演Band music 乐队音乐Chord弦乐，弦Classical music古典音乐Concerto 协奏曲Lullaby 催眠曲Duet 二重奏Harmony 和弦，和谐Rock and roll 摇滚Serenade 小夜曲Solo 独奏Sonata 奏鸣曲Symphony 交响乐Ballad歌谣Folk music 民间音乐Prelude 前奏Epilogue 尾声Score 乐谱Note 音符Notation 乐谱，记号法Chord symbol和弦符号Lyrics 歌词Tempo 节奏Melody 主旋律Rhythm节奏Tune 旋律Conduct 指挥Violin 小提琴Viola 中提琴Cello大提琴Oboe双簧管Clarinet单簧管krummhorn['krʌmhɔ:n]n. 变号(一种古双簧乐器)Harp 竖琴考古anthropologist 人类学家ecological 生态的anthropologist 生态人类学家archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学Ancient civilization 古代文明origin 起源originate 起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人（科）homogeneous 同一种族（种类）的tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth) 挖掘Scoop铲子ruins 遗迹，废墟remains 遗迹，遗骸artifact 手工艺品pottery 陶器(potter) Porcelain瓷器fossil 化石relic 遗物，文物Rock painting 岩石画antique 古物，古董antiquity 古代，古老skull 颅骨Cranial颅骨的Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age （青）铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的Exhume 挖掘Paleoanthropology Prehistoric史前的Primitive原始的动物微生物Amino acid 氨基酸Antibody 抗体Bacterium 细菌Biological agency Calcium钙Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Cell细胞Chromosome 染色体Disinfection 消毒Enzymes 酶Fatigue 疲惫Fermentation 发酵Fungus 菌类Gene基因Genetic engineering 基因工程学Glucose 葡萄糖Immunology免疫学Incubation 孵蛋Inflection传染Malaria 疟疾Microbe 微生物Nucleus 细胞核One-celled单细胞的Oxidation氧化Parasitic animal 寄生动物Parasite disease 寄生虫病Parasitology 寄生虫学Pathogen 病菌，病原体Protozoa 原生动物Sanitation 卫生Schistosomiaisis 血吸虫病Starch 淀粉Sterilization 消毒Toxin 毒素Vaccine 疫苗Virus 病毒Yeast 酵母动物living organism 生物bacterium(pl.bacteria) 细菌algae海藻coral珊瑚rodent 啮齿类动物primate 灵长类动物ape 猿chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩gorilla 大猩猩monkey n. 猴子mammal 哺乳类动物dinosaur n.恐龙bat (ecolotion) 蝙蝠（声波定位）snowshoe hare 雪兔子raccoon 浣熊polar bear 北极熊snout (动物的)口鼻部;reptile 爬行类动物snake, cobra眼镜蛇, rattle snake 响尾蛇lizard蜥蜴,snail 蜗牛amphibian adj. 两栖动物crocodile 鳄鱼frog n. 青蛙tadpole 蝌蚪toad 蟾蜍pond 池塘puddle 水坑insect n.昆虫mosquito 蚊子fly 苍蝇cricket 蟋蟀grasshopper 蚱蜢honey beemonarch butterfly 大花蝶large migratory American butterfly having deep orange wings with black and white markings; the larvae feed on milkweed egg 卵larvae 幼虫caterpillar 毛虫pupa/ chrysalis 茧termite n. 白蚁marine adj. 海洋的beaver 狸whale 鲸shark 鲨鱼dolphin 海豚penguin 企鹅predator n. 捕食者prey n. 被捕食者aquatic adj.水生的shrimp 虾lobster 龙虾clam 蚌crab 螃蟹bird, humming bird artery 动脉scale 鳞片claw爪, paw爪子horn 角hormone 荷尔蒙intestine 肠hive 蜂巢pollen n. 花粉pollinate v.授粉hibernate 冬眠migrate v. 迁徙communicate v. 交流camouflage 保护色evolve 进化evolution n. 进化endotherm n.温血动物,恒温动物poikilotherm n. 冷血动物beak 鸟嘴enzymes 酵母secretion(n.) secrete(v.) 分泌pancreas 胰腺odor 气味(还有aroma fragrance scent smell)gland 腺体chromosome 染色体植物botany植物学botanist 植物学家tundra苔原;冻土地带,冻原fungus(pl. fungi ) 菌类laurel 月桂chestnut tree 栗子树root 根branch 枝stem 茎algae(pl. alga) 海藻organism 有机物birch tree (bark) 桦树crops 谷物corn 玉米maize 玉米chlorophyll 叶绿素amino acids 氨基酸protein 蛋白质nitrogen 氮photosynthetic(adj.) photosynthesis(n.) 光合作用lichen 地衣,苔藓squash 南瓜one of a group of large vegetables with solid flesh and hard skins, such as PUMPKIN sbean 豆类植物nectar花蜜flower花floral 花的petal 花瓣bloom 开花blossom 花pollen花粉moss 苔藓herbicide 除草剂herb 草本植物herbivorous 食草的classification 分类hierarchy 级别hazardous 有毒害的Meteorology 气象meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层Convection 对流Stratosphere 同温层Barometer 气压计current （气）流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿；水分saturate 饱和absorb 吸收dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体downpour (torrential rain) 大雨tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩precipitation （雨、露、雪等）降水Thunder 雷Lightening 闪电breeze 微风Blast 大风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风Cyclone 旋风，飓风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风Monsoon 季风Sandstorm沙尘暴Dust storm沙尘暴tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风Tropical depression热带低气压Wind direction 风向Wind velocity 风速Wind scale 风力funnel 漏斗，漏斗云cumulonimbus 积雨云disaster (calamity, catastrophe) 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没overwhelm v. 淹没drought 干旱Avalanche雪崩Balmy 温和的Chilly寒冷的Frigid僵硬的，严格的Heat-wave热浪Tepid adj.微温的环保environmental protection 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的preserve v.保护，保存污染：pollute, pollution, pollutant contaminant n.污染物contaminate v.污染ecosystem生态系统ecology n.生态学antiseptic adj.防腐的atmospheric pollution大气污染垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter处理: dispose of, burn, bury (landfill), recycle, reduce, reuse,dump回收:glass, paper, water,milk carton牛奶盒, tyre, aluminium cans铝罐,plastic bags, rubbish bags biodegradable packaging可降解包装,throwaway 可丢弃的disposable 可丢弃的discourage v. 不鼓励燃料none-renewable 不可再生的fossil fuels矿石燃料: natural gas, coal, petroleum limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源alternative energy替代能源, replace=substitute v.取代wind power, hydropower水电, solar (lunar) power太阳能, nuclear power核能radioactivity n. 辐射性use up, deplete, exhaust v. 用光，耗尽conserve v. 节省，节约,污染: water pollution, air pollution, soil pollution土壤污染,noise pollutionsoil erosion 土壤侵蚀soil pollution土壤污染stain n.污染，污点，玷污stink v.发出臭味tar n.焦油toxic chemical 有毒的化学物品fume n.烟，气味light pollution日光污染refuse废物sewage污水pesticide n.杀虫剂chemical waste化学废料congest v.使充满危害动物:poaching非法打猎，盗猎, damage natural habitat破坏自然栖息地,rare breed稀有物种, endangered species濒危物种, extinct adj.灭绝(die out, disappear), animal rights activist动物权益保护者,natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区,protect wild life保护野生动物, preserve v.保护disastrous灾难性的, devastation破坏,have disastrous effect on…对。
大学英语综合课程(二)第一单元quiz
大学英语综合课程（二）第一单元QuizPart 1 Fill in the blanks with the help of the first letter(s)（每小题1分，满分10分）Directions: Fill in the blanks with the help of the first letter(s).1.The child seemed completely in watching the kids playing game that he completely forgot to buy vinegar asked by his mother.(Suggested first letter(s): ab )2.Impressed by the fascinating sceneries, he tried to the beauty of the great waterfalls in his traveling report.(Suggested first letter(s): ca )3.In addition to the downturn in economy, low collected tax and high state spending have resulted in a budget .(Suggested first letter(s): d )4.I think that taking a job for a year or two is more than continuing my education immediately because I need more work experience.(Suggested first letter(s): be )5.Just as people have different reactions to medicine, it could cause fatal reactions in the individuals who are to bee-stings.(Suggested first letter(s): all )6.A research team has found some interesting evidence that increased to sunlight may decrease the risk of breast cancer.(Suggested first letter(s): ex )7.We don't agree with the practice that once the certificate is issued there is no further check on the language of the person.(Suggested first letter(s): pro )8.Seven or eight officials are believed to have been involved in the and the mayor has decided to look into the affair in person.(Suggested first letter(s): sc )9.If you have some other choices, you'll never want to be a scientific researcher unless you like low pay, and work for long hours.(Suggested first letter(s): te )10.The football team members, though very prestigious and popular nationwide, had a lot of responsibilities upon them by their fans and the public.(Suggested first letter(s): th )Part 2 Fill in the blanks with the given words(每小题：1分，共20分)Directions: Fill in the blanks in the sentences with the words given in the box. Change the form where necessary.(1) and tired.2. After the disastrous earthquake, the survivors in this area were in (2) need of water, food, clothing, and shelter.3. For those suffering from fatigue and poor performance, it is (3) to eat red meat since it contains the most easily absorbed form of iron.4. The (4) committee is expected to publish Global Cancer Control Strategy by early next year to reduce cancer rates and improve quality of life for cancer patients.5. As a defense against air pollution damage, many plants and animals employ a(n) (5) to absorb harmful chemicals.6. I am sure these documents are very essential and important to your plan, and (6) ofthem can lead to many troubles.7. I realized that even a lifetime of watching American television was not (7) for appreciating and coping with American culture.8. He strongly argued that all the speeches should be as direct as they are honest and that friendly speeches should leave no room for (8) .9. "An optional (9) has been organized for every day of your holiday to a nearby place of interest," said the tourist agent.10. She did not go to either of the American schools that admitted her in 1998, because her (10) __________ English kept her from getting a visa.(11) is important in parents' teaching: Do not allow a thing one day and excuse it the next.2. Computers are the most (12) servants we have ever had, and there is no limit to the way they can be used to improve our lives.3. Good computer skills and high English (13) should enhance your chances of getting a nice job with high pay.4. In the US, however, it is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being (14) to solve a problem or fulfill a job successfully with speed.5. Alfred Bernhard Nobel was a competent chemist by age 16 and was (15) in English, French, German, Russian as well as Swedish.6. The strike, having been going on for almost three months, was caused by the management's refusal to (16) with the unions.7. Computers provide the means for greater speed and (17) in working with ideas than had previously been possible.8. (18) just days after the Union victory in 1865, Abraham Lincoln came to be regarded as hero and martyr by later generations of Americans.9. The dragon, the symbol of oriental (19) for 5,000 years, implies the national spirit of China as being profound, powerful, and grand.10. The music was noted for its use of (20) as sounds were played over and over to createa certain feeling.Part 3 Fill in the blanks with prepositions or adverbs(每小题：1分,共10分)Directions: Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with appropriate prepositions or adverbs. Fill in each blank with only ONE word.1.Please come with me to revisit our university. It is very likely that you would run a friend that you haven't seen for a long time.2.He is searching in his house as well as in his office any cigarettes, ashtrays, and lights. He has determined to say goodbye to smoking forever.3.When two people are in love, they feel drawn to one another, greatly enjoy each other's company, and are attracted one another.4.Some people from the States have decided, just curiosity, to make a tour in the space even though it will cost about tens of millions of US dollars.5.For our new semester, another two phonetic labs will also be equipped computers and video cameras for our online language learning.6.The lecturer presented a picture of our future possible career in such a vivid way that we became absorbed what he was saying and didn't notice it was dinner time.7.As the bulk the work was supervised by the inexperienced young lady, the exact cost is difficult to calculate.8.According to the schedule, scientists will hold a conference this month a bid to highlight ways to help people survive natural disasters and accidents.9.No one is going to appreciate you if you end making changes which will cause realtroubles and problems in our work.10.If you focus a person you have an encounter with for the first seven seconds, you'll likely pick up a lot of information about the person.Part 4 Banked Cloze(每小题：1分，共10分)Directions: Fill in the blanks in the following passage by selecting suitable words from the word bank. Each word can be used only once.advantages the advertising has offered us.We must not forget it is 1. because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. Without it, newspapers and commercial radio couldn't balance their financial 2. . The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper and for many broadcast programs is entirely due to the money from advertisements. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we are 3. to pay its full price!For another example, if we are to buy a new refrigerator, we will be 4. in such details as the model, proper operation, and competitive price. They can't 5. our attention, but with advertisements, we can make possible comparisons and 6. our purchasing strategies without personally going to the shop. As a result, we can buy products with better quality and less money.Another equally important 7. of advertising is to inform. There is a section in every newspaper and magazine, exclusively for small advertisements, which is 8. beneficial to us. If we try to look for a job, buy or sell a house, we will be inevitably searching for relevant information in this advertisement section. We need 9. information to help us make decisions. Such information is provided in a newspaper. It is an 10. that we can't live without, so we can't just ignore the advantages that advertisements have brought us.Part 5 Vocabulary and Structure(每小题：1分,20分)Directions: For each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one to complete each sentence.1.________ me the most is that these butterflies return to the very same tree in Mexico that their great-great-grandparents used for the winter before.A. That amazedB. It amazedC. Which amazedD. What amazed2.________ is announced, the country has launched a large-scale movement to wipe out hunger, poverty, and diseases in the wide rural areas.A. WhatB. ThatC. AsD. Which3.The students expected there ________ more reviewing classes before the college entrance examination, but, to their disappointment, all the classes were finally canceled.A. beingB. would beC. have beenD. to be4.The United States is proud of ________ great writers, especially ________ in the 20th century such as Mark Twain and Ernest Hemingway.A. its ... thoseB. the ... whichC. her ... whatD. his ... that5.The financial deficit for the banks will be going from bad to worse unless their plan for economic reform ________ miracles.A. worksB. are workingC. workedD. will be working6.With all the exercises unfinished, he ________ to watch the football match yesterday evening even though he was so anxious and excited about it.A. mustn't goB. wouldn't goC. oughtn'tD. shouldn't have gone7.–"Do you regret paying so much for the dog?"–"No. I would be happy to pay ________ for him."A. as much as twiceB. twice as muchC. twice as manyD. much twice8.________, he has earned himself a lot of respect, yet he is always modest and accessible.A. With all his profound knowledgeB. Through all his profound knowledgeC. With his all profound knowledgeD. By all his profound knowledge9.–"You won't follow his instructions, will you?"–"________. I don't think he is right."A. Yes, I willB. No, I won'tC. No, I willD. Yes, I won't10.Since he drives so carelessly, there is very ________ hope that he will survive the car accident on freeway.A. fewB. a fewC. muchD. little11.________ for a long time, the fields are all dried up and the farmers are worried about this year's crops.A. There having been no rainB. There been no rainC. There having no rainD. There being no rain12.If the emergency rescue supplies are ________, the earthquake survivors will be in great trouble and they may be on the edge of death.A. incapableB. inadequateC. invalidD. invisible13.A suspected man may deny a charge, but his fingerprints can ________ him even when there is nothing else to even say who he is.A. justifyB. simplifyC. identifyD. notify14.There are many well-known professors in our university, of which he is the most ________ one in his specialized field.A. distrustfulB. distinguishedC. disgracefulD. different15.The combination of virtual and traditional learning will ________ the scope of every lesson and increase the students' interest.A. exceedB. expandC. exploreD. exhaust16.Though having been living in the States for more than 10 years, she still has a ________ British accent when she talks.A. sensitiveB. narrativeC. distinctiveD. representative17.Due to the unpredictable changes of weather, we bought an extra supply of coal ________ of a severe winter.A. in anticipationB. in obligationC. in associationD. in cooperation18.It's not ________ that he should be assigned to the job since he is new and has no experience at all in this particular field.A. advisoryB. advisableC. advisedD. advising19.The average life ________ for Americans is now more than 74 years because of their more active lifestyles and good medical care for senior citizens.A. potentialB. expectationC. spanD. length20.Now the president ________ that inflation was a much more serious threat to the sliding national economy and that what was needed was a much tighter control of the money supply and the budget deficit.A. proclaimedB. supportedC. exclaimedD. sustainedPart 6 Reading comprehension(每小题：2分，20分)Directions: Read the following passages carefully. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to each question.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage or dialog.People use more than just words to communicate. In fact, some researchers claim that less than half of a spoken message's real meaning is in the words used in the message. They say that most of a message's meaning comes from understanding how the speaker uses thingslike tone of voice and body language.Body language includes such things as the expression on the speaker's face, gestures that speaker makes with his or her hands, and the position of the speaker's body. Just as there are many different languages spoken around the world, there are many different ways for people to use body language, too. For example, gestures may imply different meanings in different cultures. Making a "thumbs up" sign in America means, "Great!" However, in Arab cultures, this gesture is extremely offensive.Although many gestures can be interpreted differently by different cultures, there are also many gestures that are almost universally interpreted in the same way. For example, by and large, a smile is understood as a sign of friendship or good will around the world. Also, using an open hand to gesture toward something is viewed as polite or friendly in most cultures.There are also some forms of body language that can be universally read with the meaning, "I am interested in you" or "I like you." Sometimes this kind of body language is used unconsciously between two people. These signs of interest include standing or sitting with both feet flat on the ground, mirroring or using the same gestures as the other person, and turning one's body to fully face the other person.Body language experts point out one important thing. The person's culture is only one factor that can influence his or her use of body language. The time and place where the body language is being used can have a lot to do with a person's body language. If the person has had a bad day or if a meeting takes place in a crowded place, the body language a person uses may be very different from under other circumstances.1.According to the passage, more than half of a spoken message's real meaning comes from ________.A. words used in the messageB. things used in the messageC. the speaker's tone of voiceD. the speaker's tone and body language2.The second paragraph describes ________.A. an example of a gesture not used in IndiaB. different meanings of gestures in different culturesC. how gestures can change the meaning of wordsD. useful gestures in Arab cultures3.If a person starts copying your body language, what does this suggest?A. He/She is interested in you.B. He/She isn't interested in you.C. He/She doesn't agree with you.D. He/She agrees with you.4.People may use different body languages ________.A. only in different placesB. only at different timeC. under different circumstancesD. under few circumstances5.What is the main idea of the passage?A. Body language is an important part of communication.B. Body language is affected by culture.C. Body language can be extremely offensive.D. Body language can tell you whether people like you.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage or dialog.Grammar is an aspect of language about which learners have different opinions. Some learners are very interested in finding out or learning grammar rules and doing lots of grammar exercises. Others hate grammar and think it is the most boring part of learning a new language. Whatever opinion you have, however, you cannot escape from grammar; it is in every sentence you read or write, speak or hear. Grammar is simply the word for the rules that people follow when they use a language. We need those rules in the same way as we need the rules in a game. If thereare no rules, or if everybody follows their own rules, the game would soon break down. It'sthe same with language; without rules we would not be able to communicate with other people.So you cannot escape from grammar, but the key question here is: What is the best wayto learn grammar? You can learn the rules of a game by simply playing the game. You will certainly make mistakes; you may even get hurt. Eventually, however, you will know how to play. Of course, the rules of a language are very much more complicated than the rules of any game, but in fact this is exactly how you learned your own language. Nobody taught you the rules of your mother tongue as you were growing up but now you never make a grammar mistake.Most people learning a new language do not have so much time and such an ideal situation. So, there is no easy answer to the question. There are just as many different opinions about teaching grammar as there are about learning grammar. Many teachers believe in the importance of grammar lessons devoted to a study of language rules and lotsof practice exercises. Other teachers feel that grammar is best learned by doing different language activities without focusing so directly on the rules. Whatever your opinion about grammar and whichever is the way you are taught, you need to use different strategies to help you learn grammar more effectively.6.How is grammar defined in the passage?A. Grammar is something you cannot escape from.B. Grammar is a kind of game that requires a lot of practice.C. Grammar is a set of rules that are used in a language.D. Grammar is a strategy that consists of rules.7.According to the passage, why is learning grammar important?A. It helps you make no mistakes.B. It makes communication possible.C. It helps you not to get hurt.D. It makes playing games possible.8.In the writer's opinion, what is the best way to learn grammar?A. Playing games with a set of rules.B. Learning grammar naturally as you grow up.C. Recalling how you learned your mother tongue.D. Doing a lot of grammar exercises.9.What's the difference between teachers' opinions in the way of learning grammar?A. More exercises vs. more activities.B. More activities vs. less exercises.C. Less exercises vs. more grammar rules.D. More exercises vs. less activities.10.What is the main idea of the passage?A. Memorizing rules is required for learning grammar.B. Doing a lot of exercises helps learn grammar.C. Playing games helps learn grammar better.D. There are different ways to learn grammar.Part 7 Skimming and scanning(每小题：1分，共10分)Directions: You are going to read a passage or passages with 10 statements attached to each. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.1.Many kids put their phones under their pillow while sleeping so as to quickly respond to a message.2. Some teacher understands the concerns of parents and supports using technology in classrooms.3. The data shows that less than 60 percent of Iowa families own a computer, and the state officialsare working for Internet access the whole state.4. Social media use by students nowadays can improve their writing skills and encourage collaboration among them.5. Educators are working hard to make full use of the educating and entertaining advantages of digital devices in their classrooms.6. Children would be easily tempted into cheating or crime with technology and internet access.7. Parents and teachers are trying their best to help children in this digital age, although they themselves know little about modern technologies.8. Children's addiction to technology can deprive them of sleep, exercise and outdoor activities, which will result in many psychological problems.9. With the combination of technology and the classroom, students are becoming more careful with the information and its sources.10. The digital technology develops fast and raises various problems for both children and parents.答案Part 11. abstracted2. capture3. deficit4.beneficial5.allergic6.exposure7.proficiency8.scandal9.tedious 10.thrustedPart 21. distressed2.desperate3.advisable4.advisory5.substance 7.ignorance 8.adequate 9.confusion 10.inadequate 11.consistency 12.efficient 13.proficiency petent 15.fluent 16.negotiate 17.accuracy 18.assassinated 19.civilization 20.repetitionPart 31. into2. for3. to4. out of5. with6.in7. of8. in9.up 10.onPart 41. exactly2.deficit3.obliged4.absorbed5.escape6.adjust7.function8.evidently9.adequate 10.assetPart 51-5 DCBAA 6-10 DBABD 11-15 ABCBB 16-20 CABCAPart 61-5 DBACA 6-10 CBBADPart 71-5 FKDIG 6-10 EBFJA。
场景词汇
（3）租房场景
场景人物：房东，住户 场景涉及的内容：和房东的相处甚至讨价还价。对房子的评价， 包括价格，地理位置，也常常涉及到租房子的过程。
常用的词汇和词组： roommate, dormitory, deposit（定金，首付）, live on campus, live off campus, utilities（公用事业）, heating costs, temporary accommodation, landlord, landlady, sublet（转租， 分租）, tenant（房客，租户）, dishwasher（洗碗机）, a leaky faucet(漏水的水龙头), afford, inquire about, furnished （公寓）带家具的, unfurnished, apartment , flat, doublebedroom , for rent / lease, to let, rent 租金, blackout 断电, messy / untidy, neat, suburb / downtown
（1）教务场景
场景人物：由教师（导师）或学监等教务人员向学生说明一些学 校课程的安排情况。 场景涉及内容：学期计划，调课信息，考试安排，课程介绍等。 经常出现的问题和答案 Q: Who is the speaker? A: teacher, professor, instructor, advisor Q: When does the talk take place? A: at the beginning (in the middle, at the end of the semester) Q: Where does the talk take place? A: classroom, lecture hall Q: What is the topic? A: changes in the schedule, the schedule of this semester, exam schedule, information about an course 常用的词汇和词组：midterm, finals, count for 50% of your score, class discussion, seminar（讨论会，研讨dance(点名), elementary, intermediate, advanced
大学英语四级考试之听力
（２）打工场景常用词汇：
full-time全职，part-time兼职，teaching assistant教学 助手, research assistant研究助手, lab assistant实验室助 手, administrative assistant管理助手, waiter招待, waitress女招待, babysitter保姆, dishwashing洗盘子, application procedure申请过程, reference推荐, salary/wage薪水, precareer training (岗前培训), bonus 奖金，telephone inquiry电话咨询 (position，available time for appointment)，interview面试 (hour，salary， experience)，job offer 工作机会 (accept，turn down)， earn the bread挣钱，bring home the bread and butter 挣钱。
时间数字题常采用的提问方式： How much/many …? How long did it take…to…? How long will the woman stay? How often did the woman…? How far is…? At what time did the conversation take place ? What time did the woman…? What’s the time now? What’s the date today?
（３）天气场景常用词汇： climate/weather， annual年 average平均
highest/lowest temperature, -20°C=minus twenty degrees Celsius/Centigrade摄氏零下20度，
综合英语一词汇
Lesson 1 The Time Message Word Listmessage n. 要旨，要点tricky adj.(工作、问题等)微妙的，棘手的；（人）狡猾的beginning n. 开始；起初semester n. （尤指美国大专院校的）学期cover v. 处理duty n. 任务management n. 管理number one adj. 最重要的；头号的seriously adv. 真心地，当真地；认真地，严肃地once conj. 一旦……（就……）weekly adj. 每周一次的follow v. 遵照；沿用following adj. 紧接着的realistic adj. 现实可行的essay n. 作文；短文quiz n. 考查；测验upset v. 打乱（计划等）；打翻ability n. 能力；才智grade n. （考试或作业的）分数achieve v. 获得flexible adj. 灵活的re-plan v. 重新计划basis n. 基础；根据project n. 课题；科研项目mid-term adj. 期中的solid adj. 扎实的schedule n. 计划表alive adj. 起作用的；现存的；活着的assignment n. （指定的）作业activity n. 活动social adj. 社交的；交谊的seem v. 似乎；好像back adj. 以前的；过去的Proper NamesElwood N. Chapman 埃尔伍德·N·查普曼（人名）Useful Expressions(常用短语)Look ahead 看前面；考虑未来at the beginning of 在……的开始plenty of 大量的have time on one’s hands有许多时间towards the end of…即将结束时work for 为……效力work against 对……不利get the most out of sth. 充分利用……的机会put… into practice付诸实践allow for 考虑到at least 至少in… case在…… 情况下on a weekly /daily basis 每周/每天work out 制定出seem to be 看来，好像keep sth./sb. + adj. 使……保持某种状况run out (of ) (被)用完，将尽Time is running out.I have run out of money.take… some time to do…花…… 时间做… …It will take us an hour to get there. depend on 取决于，随……而定It depends on how many people are goingso that 以便（用来引出目的状语从句）Tell me your telephone number so that I can call you when I have time.catch up on 赶上，补上I have to catch up on my sleep. I didn’t sleep much last night.Lesson Two Hans Christian Andersen’s Own Fairy Tale (1) Word List（单词表）fairy tale n. 童话，神话fairy n. 小仙子，小精灵shoemaker n. 鞋匠shoemaking n. 制鞋，补鞋prince n.王子princess n. 公主poetry n.诗（总称）act v.表演royal adj.王室的，皇家的sensible adj.（建议、主意等）合情合理的，明智的；（人）明智的，明白事理的 stepfather n.继父weaving n. 编织weaver n.织布工unhappiness n.不幸福，不愉快tragedy n.悲剧，悲惨的事dancer n.舞蹈演员genius n.天才；创造力warm v.（使……）变暖，暖和for conj. 因为，由于frost n.霜woman-like adj.女人似的figure n.身影，人影writer n.作家，作者helping adj.帮助的finally adv.最后，最终beautiful美妙动听的high高音调的，尖声的break（男孩的嗓音）青春期时变低沉Proper Names（专有名词）Donald Peattie唐纳德·皮蒂Louise Peattie 路易丝·皮蒂Hans Christian Anderson汉斯·克里斯琴·安徒生Denmark丹麦Odense欧登塞（地名）Copenhagen哥本哈根（地名）Useful Expressions(常用短语)Once upon a time很久以前ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙look at看着believe in 相信，信任work hard at在……上下功夫pay for sth.支付……的费用be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事change/turn …into…把……改变成……arrive in /at到达for ever永远from time to time不时的，常常lend a helping hand to sb.帮某人一把pretend to do sth.假装做某事not… at all根本不，一点儿也不He doesn’t know the meaning at all . start out出发，动身They started out to look for the lost boy.We started out at 7 o’clockadd sth. to sth.加上Please add your name to the list.out of sight从视线中消失（变得看不见）The ship was soon out of sightOut of sight, out of mind.（谚语：不见就忘。
MidtermExam_Sample
MidtermExam_SampleNote: This sample test should only be used as a guide to the styles of mid-semester exam questions. The topics covered here are not exhaustive. Your revision should not be based on these set of questions only. The level of difficulty of this sample test is also NOT indicative of the level of difficulty of the actual test. The answers are in bold.1. If the average annual rate of return for common stocks is 11.7%, and treasury bills is 4.1%, what is the average market risk premium?A) 15.8%B) 4.1%C) 7.6%D) None of the above2.You are thinking about investing in a mine that will produce $10,000 worth of ore in the first year. As the ore closest to the surface is removed it will become more difficult to extract the ore. Therefore, the value of the ore that you mine will decline at a rate of 8% per year forever. If the appropriate interest rate is 6%, then the value of this mining operation is closest to:A) $71,429B) $166,667C) $500,000D) This problem cannot be solved3.As the number of stocks in a portfolio is increased:A) Unique risk decreases and approaches zeroB) Market risk decreasesC) Unique risk decreases and becomes equal to market riskD) Total risk approaches zero4.Tom's portfolio consists solely of an investment in Merck stock. Merck has an expected return of 13% and a volatility of 25%. The market portfolio has an expected return of 12% and a volatility of 18%. The risk-free rate is 4%. Assume that the CAPM assumptions hold in the market. Assuming that Tom wants to maintain the current volatility of his portfolio, then the maximum expected return that Tom could achieve by investing in the market portfolio and risk-free investment is closest to:A) 12%B) 13%C) 15%D) 16%5.The three year annual return for stock B comes out to be 0%, 10% and 26%. Three year annual returns for the market portfolios are +6%, 18%, 24%. Calculate the beta for the stock.A) 0.7B) 1.36C) 1.0D) None of the above6.The efficient portfolios:(I) have only unique risk(II) provide highest returns for a given level of risk(III) provide the least risk for a given level of returns(IV) have no risk at allA) I onlyB) II and III onlyC) IV onlyD) II only7.Suppose you borrow at the risk-free rate an amount equal to your initial wealth and invest in a portfolio with an expectedreturn of 20% and a standard deviation of returns of 16%. The risk-free asset has an interest rate of 4%; calculate the expected return on the resulting portfolio:A) 20%B) 40%C) 36%D) none of the above8.The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) states that:A) The expected risk premium on an investment is proportional to its betaB) The expected rate of return on an investment is proportional to its betaC) The expected rate of return on an investment depends on the risk-free rate and the market rate of returnD) The expected rate of return on an investment is dependent on the risk-free rate9.If the beta of Microsoft is 1.7, risk-free rate is 3% and the market risk premium is 8%, calculate the expected return for Microsoft.A) 16.6%B) 15.6%C) 13.9%D) 11.3%10. A stock with a beta of zero would be expected to:A) Have a rate of return equal to zeroB) Have a rate of return equal to the market risk premiumC) Have a rate of return equal to the risk-free rateD) Have a rate of return equal to the market rate of return11.An option that can be exercised any time before the expiration date is called:A) a European optionB) an American optionC) a call optionD) a put option12. The buyer of a call option has the choice to exercise, but the writer of the call option has:A) The choice to offset with a put optionB) The obligation to deliver the shares at exerciseC) The choice to deliver shares or take a cash payoffD) The choice of exercising the call or not13.Suppose you buy a call and lend the present value of its exercise price. You could match the payoffs of this strategy by:A) Buying stock and selling a callB) Selling a put and lending the present value of the exercise priceC) Buying stock and buying a putD) Buying stock and selling a put14. A stock is currently selling for $50. The stock price could go up by 10% or fall by 5% each month. The monthly interest rate is 1% (periodic rate). Calculate the price of a European call option on the stock with an exercise price of $50 and a maturity of two months. (Use the two-stage binomial method)A) $5.10B) $2.71C) $4.78D) $3.6215.If the spot price of an asset is $785, and the risk-free rate of interest is 4.65% p.a., what should the futures price be for the asset in half a year?A)803.47B)811.06C)822.36D)825.87E)868.86。
综合英语一lesson 1：The time message
on a weekly /daily basis
每周/每天
It’s necessary to do sth
solid /ˈsɒlɪd/adj. 固体的；结实的 schedule /ˈʃedjuːl/& /ˈskedʒuːl/
n. 计划（表）；时间表
assignment /əˈsaɪnmənt/ n. 任务；作业；
tricky /ˈtrɪki/ adj. 狡猾的；机警的；棘手的 message /ˈmesɪdʒ/n. 消息；差使；启示 beginning /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/n. 开始；起点 semester /sɪˈmestə(r)/n. 学期；半年 cover /ˈkʌvə(r)/vt. 包括；处理/敷衍 duty /ˈdjuːti/ n. 责任；职务
2-（翻译） （1） 我们必须体谅他缺乏经验
. （2）时间不早了，可我还有那么多作业要补上
.
根据课文内容完成句子
（1） Time is dangerous because
it will work against you.
（2）Acording to the text “The time message”，time is dangerous because if
work out 解决；算出；制定出； try to do at least 至少 not only，but also 不仅..而且 keep+adj.：保持...的 keep sb up to 跟上..的进度
on
social /ˈsəʊʃl/adj. 社会的，社交的 society/səˈsaɪəti/ n. 社会；交往；社团
you don’t make it work for you ，it will
听力中经常出现的12组场景词归纳总结
听力中经常出现的12组场景词归纳总结1 学校(1)Lecture 可能表示讲座或者研讨会的意思,相对应的讲座-----speaker / lecturer；研讨会-----seminar(研究会, 讨论发表会)在lecture中topic对应的形容词为interesting . Content对应的形容词为difficult(2) 家庭作业work assignment作业形式group discussion ; presentation(演示) ; paper(美)/essay(英) 学期中的小论文; dissertation(美)/thesis(英) /project(工科) 毕业论文。
时间问题on time 准时; deadline最终期限; due预期的(be due on)定律无论A怎么样抱怨作业的种种情况( too much ; too difficult ; stay up 通宵;polish 润色). 最后的结果始终是作业会按时交上的!(3) 考试种类exam ; test; quiz; contest.分数mark(英) ; grade (美) ; score等级男的pass 或者fail；女的merit(良好) 或者distinction(优秀,卓越)大小考Mid-term exam 期中考；final exam 期末考；oral test 口语考试；m ake up for …..(某学科) course 补考考试临近draw on / draw nearly/ in sight of；考试推迟delay / defer/ postpone / put off/ hold up(推迟,拖延,hold up另有抢劫的意思)；考试取消cancel / be off常见考试名称TOEFL (托福)/ GRE / IELTS (雅思) / GMAT / LSAT学位名称BS (Bachelor Science) 理学学士学位；BA( Bachelor Arts) 文学学士学位；BBA (Bachelor Business administration) 工商管理学士学位；MS(Master Science) 理学硕士学位；MA(Master Arts) 文学硕士学位；MBA (Master Business administration) 工商管理硕士学位老师的称呼DR.(在听力中泛指医生或者老师.) professor年级学生大一freshman 大二sophomore 大三junior 大四senior上课上课attend a class 旷课miss a class 逃课skip/cut a class.学期term(英) ; semester(美)两学期制; trimester (美)三学期制.助教TA: Teaching Assistant助研RA: Researching Assistant2 旅游基本词汇travel agency旅行社/ agent 代理人/ arrange a trip (安排一次旅行) / accommodation住所/ tour guide 导游/ destination目的地旅游景点(1) sightseeing 观光scenic resort风景名胜/ place of interests(名胜古迹)/ historic relics(历史遗迹)；(2) amusement park 游乐场；(3) theme park 主题公园住处Hotel旅馆/Motel汽车旅馆/ Inn客栈/ Hostel 青年旅社.3 房子买卖对话A中含有动词call/ring 或者询问inquire/enquire ; X-bedroom house ; advertised 做广告的.那么多半可以确认此次对话是关于买卖房屋的。
综合英语一上册Lesson1课堂笔记
综合英语⼀上册Lesson1课堂笔记Lesson One The Time Message⼀、词汇title:message消息，要旨，要点take a message to sb. 给某⼈捎个⼝信 short message 短信tricky 微妙的，棘⼿的，狡猾的。
trick（名词）戏法, 把戏2. 计谋, 诡计, 花招3. 诀窍, 技巧, 技艺control控制，管理beginning n. 开始；起初at the beginning of 在……的开始I visited my uncle at the beginning of this year. semester （美式英语） term（英式英语）mid-term exam 期中考试final exam 期末考试cover v. 处理duty n. 任务management n.管理number one adj. 最重要的，头号的seriously adv. 真⼼地，当真地，严肃地For example: Are you serious? 你是认真的吗？once conj. ⼀旦……（就……）Once you get out of the gate, don't come back again.⼀旦你⾛出这个门，就不要再回来。
weekly adj. 每周⼀次的yearly adj. 每年⼀次的daily adj. 每天⼀次的follow v. 遵照，沿⽤following adj. 紧接着的realistic 现实可⾏的real 真正的 really 副词 You are really lovely，really?reality 现实 in reality 在现实中essay n. 作⽂，短⽂quiz n. 考查；测验qu的发⾳：[kw]upset v. 打乱；打翻adj. 伤⼼的同义词：sadYou upset my plan. 你打乱了我的计划。
Quiz 1 for the Autumn Semester
Quiz 1 for the Autumn Semester,Grade 1(Nov.15,2010)I .Complete the following with the words you’ve learned in Text A,Book One.(20 points)1.Our manager is so (僵化的，严格的)in his thinking that he never listens to new ideas.2.Mozart (创作，作曲)very good music in his lifetime.3.Passengers would (违反) the law if they refuse to wear a seat belt.4.The earth ’s atmosphere makes (精确的，准确的) observation of distant stars difficult.5.Words cannot (传达，表达) how grateful we are for his timely help.6.Dear friends,we are now (靠近，走进) the Tower of London.7.Mr.Crawford doubted whether Tony had the (能力，才能) to read blueprints and micrometers.8.Mr.Fleagle (赞扬，赞美) Baker on the wonderful essay he had written.9.Sports is not just for fun or exercise.It is also good for (性格，品德) building.10.The pianist took great care to protect her (娇嫩的) fingers when doing house work.11.Only the hope that the rescuers were getting nearer (支撑) the trapped miners.12.Buses run along specific routes with (排定的) stops at (排定的) time.13.Hard as the competition is,Microsoft still (占主导地位) the software market.14.By 2000,roads have been (延伸) to every village in China.15.Would you say your approach to the problem could settle the (争端) over animal intelligence.16.I should ’t always have to tell you what to do,use your own (主动性).17.On the train I (偶然遇到) an old lady who happened to be a neighbor of my daughter ’s when she lived in Los Angeles.18.I ’ve been doing the summer job for two months now .It would be a (奢侈) to be able to have a day off.19.It was a miracle that even at the age of 100 she still kept her mental and critical (能力) alive.20.The manager ’s (无知) about the rapid changes in market led to a great loss on the company ’s interest.II .Fill in the blanks with the phrases you’ve learned in Text A,Book One in their proper forms.You are given more phrases than needed.(30 points)1.When I saw Jim crying bitterly over the death of his pet dog,Icould hardlymytears.2.People often the old days good times,and seem to forget the hardship they suffered.3.The travelers walked steadily west,pausing to look at a map.4.It seemed that his failure in the exam still .5.The job is great advancement but the staring salary is rather low.6.It seems to me that the manager over the opening of a branch office in South Africa.7.Try to your explanation as simply as possible.8.There were only a limited number of vacancies,so most of the people interviewed had to be .9.My mother allowed me to take the trip,but asked me to the total cost first.10.They have several people because they have no more accommodation.11.You the weather if you spend your holiday in the UK.12.Wealth cannot happiness.13.We are angry with their provocative behavior.14.It took me two hours to how to start the new washing machine.15These letters certainly his mysterious disappearance almost 10 years ago.cational programs should the national plan for economic development.17.Phil looked around the other competitors and his chances of winning.18.The financial help they got from the local government didn’t toward solving the problem.19.Peter’s parents try to him the importance of hard work.20.After the Great Depression(经济大萧条),the world’s economy had been for almost 20 years.plete the following sentences by translating the Chinese into English.Put your answer in the Answer Sheet below.(20 points)1.You’d better do the exercises (正如书上要求的那样).2.Since there is a heavy storm outsides, (我们还不如在宿舍学习).3. (我现在挣得的工资是过去的二倍),but I also take more responsibilities for my work.4. The girl stood there without a word, (她的眼里充满了泪水).5.Scott arrived at the South Pole on January 18th, (结果发现已经有人在他之前到达了那里).6.You could have let me know the change of the schedule, (为什么不给我打电话).7. (随着春节的临近),the family is planning a trip to their hometown.8.If you meet any problem in your study or life, (别犹豫来找我帮忙).9. (虽然他学习有点小困难),Xiao Wang is very active in social activities.10. (没有很大的词汇量),it is hard to have a good commang of English language.IV.Decide whether the following statements are True,False or Not Given according to the texts you have read.Write “T” for True,”F” for False or “NG” for Not Given in the blank that precedes each of the statements.,(30 points)Lesson 2 The Saturday Evening Post___1.When he was very young,Russell Baker’s mother ured him to sell newspapers in order to start early in the business world.___2.Russell was born with a determination to make something of himself.___3.Most of the residents in Rusell’s community were well educated and wealthy people. ___4.Russell’s “A” grading composition convinced his mother that he was sure to be a great writer some day.___5.No matter how hard he tried,it was difficult for Russell to sell all the 30 copies of the newspaper within a week.Lesson 4 Making Friends in American Culture___6.According to the author,if you want to make more friends in America,you should make the first move yourself to start conversation with people around you.___7.One’s work,study,hobbies,sports,current events and etc,are all good topics to start a conversation with people in America.___8.If you want to have further and deeper understanding of American people,you can invite them home to have a dinner together.___9.You can always change topics when you want to keep the conversation longer.___10.When you have been very familiar with your American friends,you can ask more private questions such as their age,income and etc.Lesson 9 A Short Biography of the Long Life of Benjamin Franklin___11.Franklin helped to write the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution. ___12.Because he was the youngest boy in the family,Franklin received a very good college education,which helped him a lot in his later career.___13.”Poor Richard’s Almanac”is a calendar book.It includes advice for famers and housewives,weather predictions and many wise sayings.___14. Though Franklin kept a very good diplomatic relationship with the French government and people,he had never been in France___15.Fanklin made a lot of money with his inventions and he donated most of the money to the city of Philadelphia.Lesson 16 Leaving the Land of the Blind___16.In the Guiding Eyes for the Blind,guiding dogs are matched with their blind owners according to their characters.___17.The auther was born blind because his mother had had an accident when she was pregnant.___18.Two pedestrians()rescued the author who would almost have been killed by a train in the street.___19.The author had full confidence in Corky,the dog,the very first day they were together.___20.At Grand Central Station,the author got very frightened because a stranger threatened to harm him.Lesson 19 The Titanic___21.The Titanic was the hugest and most luxurious ship at the time and all its passengers were extremely wealthly people.___22.One reason for the tragedy of the Titanic is that it did not get the weather report because it did not have the radio transmitter.___23.Although there were enough lifeboats for everybody,about one third of the passengers did not get the chance to survive because people were in panic and the escape turned out to be a great mess.___24.Afetr the disaster,the Captain of the Titanic was charged with a crime for his overconfidence.___25.Many of the survivors never recovered from the tragedy;some of whom remained single all their life.Lesson 23 A Small Miracle___26.Having attended a friend’s wedding ceremony till late at night,T om Stonehill(hero of the text)was in ahurry to go home that night.___27.When he was about to accelerate,the town sheriff stopped him for speeding.___28.Tom was asked to sign his name and leave his full address before he was allowed to use the men’s room.___29.Mr.Murrow,the dead,had neither family nor relatives,and nobody knew him ini the town.___30.Tom got a great fortune since he was the only person who showed sympathy for Mr.Murrow.。
词汇表+语言点book1
Book1Unit1Words1. ﹡final /'fainl/ adj. 最终的；最后的2. ★semester /si'mestə(r)/ n. 一学期3. ◆sophomore /'sɔfəmɔː/ n. 大学二年级学生4. ﹡pretty /'priti/ adv. 相当地，颇5. ◆quiz /kwiz/ n. 测验6. ◆midterm /ˌmid'təːm/ n. 期中考试7. ﹡lab /læb/ n. = laboratory 实验室（实验）8. ﹡solid /sɔlid/ adj. 可靠的9. ﹡confident /'kɔnfidənt/ adj. 有信心的10. ﹡spare /spɛə/ n. 备胎11. ﹡campus /'kæmpəs/ n. 校园12. ﹡following /'fɔləuɪŋ/ adj. 接着的13. ◆elated /i'leitid/ n. 兴高采烈的14. ★relieved /ri'liːvd/ adj. 放心的；放松的15. ﹡separate /'seprit/ adj. 分开的；单独的16. ◆booklet /'buklit/ n. 小册子17. ◆radical /'rædikl/ adj. 基本的18. ◆formation /fɔː'meiʃn/ n. 形成19. ﹡worth /wə:θ/ adj. 值得的构词法：v-ed----adj. 过去分词变来的形容词，修饰人v-tion----n. 名词的后缀-ent 形容词后缀Phrases & Expressions1. do well 做得好；进展情况良好2. so...that... 如此……以致于3. even though 即时；尽管4. have a great time 玩得很痛快5. end up 结束；告终6. rather than 而不是7. in time 及时8. think over 仔细考虑9. make up 弥补；补偿10. look at 看Notes1. Duke University 杜克大学(美国一所大学)。
英语专业四级听力对话常考题型
英语专业四级听力对话常考题型对话的常考题型1．主旨要义题：问对话讨论的是什么。
a. 尽量在脑海中描述出正进行的对话：对谁在进行对话，在哪里进行对话做一定的假设；b. 尤其注意听一些关键词，被重复的词等等；c. 对所听到的内容进行归纳，什么是中心思想；d. 特别注意提问句，因为对话通常是一问一答，答的内容通常是围绕问题展开的。
常见的就对话主题而提的问题有：What is the main topic of the conversation?What are the speakers mainly discussing?What is the subject of this conversation?What is the main idea of the conversation?Which of the following best summarizes the conversation?2．身份职业题：问说话者的身份、职业以及两者的关系等。
常见的就身份、职业及人物关系而提的问题有：What is the person's probable vocation/job?Who are the speakers?What is the relationship between the two speakers?Who is the woman/man speaking to?常见的身份、职业及其相关的词语和句子：Customer and shop-assistant (salesgirl)for sale on sale discount 30 percent offselling season size style fashionin stock out of stock price changerefund warranty deliver 交付 sales slip 销货单,销售发票What can I do for you? I'm looking for...I'd like to have ... How much ...?Professor/teacher and studentcourse assignment credit tuitionfreshman sophomore junior seniorundergraduate postgraduate register graduategraduation ceremony term paper mid-exam finalsummer course grade semester/term quizvacation scholarshipCustomer and waiter/waitressmenu order dessert main coursedelicious taste reservation billCan I help you, sir/madam? Are you ready to order?May I take your order now? I'd like to try...Can I have my bill, please? How would you like your beef?Doctor and patientheadache stomachache backache catch a coldflu running nose fever run a temperaturesymptom examination check-up take one's temperatureX-ray indigestion blood pressure infectiondiagnose prescribe(prescription)medicine pilltablet give an injection operation recoverWhat's the matter with you?Postman and customerparcel/package postcard stamp telegrampostage airmail registered letterBank clerk and customerdeposit withdraw draw out savingsaccount account number open an account balancecash traveler's check cash a check interest rateAirport staff and travelercheck in check out first class economySingle/return flight number reservation book a ticketConfirm/confirmation arrival departure delayBoarding card boarding gate take off transitLibrarian and studentLibrary card periodical journal magazineCatalogue call number due renewOverdue over-due timeHotel staff and customerlobby front desk reservation reception deskreceptionist check in check out single roomdouble room rate key card Room Service3．地点方位问题：问对话发生的地点与场景。
托福听力词汇完整版
托福听力词汇完整版文稿归稿存档编号：[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-新托福IBT听力场景入学：enrollment/register 登记, 注册opening ceremony n.开业典礼, 仪式commencement ceremony 毕业典礼convocation n.正式会议（可指简单的毕业典礼）orientation meeting开学说明会staff n.全体职员freshman （大学）一年级学生sophomore （大学）二年级学生junior （大学）三年级学生senior （大学）四年级学生tuition fee 费用placement test 开学测试excellent 出色的average 平均的，一般的below average 低于平均水平的，差的结构及称谓: university- president 大学，校长chancellor 名誉校长college 学院science/ arts school 理科/文科学院undergraduate 本科postgraduate /graduate 研究生建筑物buildings:canteen.餐厅/cafeteria.自助餐厅dining hall 食堂administration building 行政大楼wing/annex 配楼teaching building教学楼dormitory n.宿舍auditorium n.会堂, 礼堂=lecture hallassembly n.集合,集会computer lab 计算实验室，机房选课学科major 主修 minor 副修science理科, arts文科, engineering 工科Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学（micro-微marin-海洋）geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistic 语言学pedagogy 教育学，教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学课程类型required、 compulsory course 必修课selective/optional course选修课elective course 选修课lecture 讲座seminar 高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课tutorial 个人辅导课程workshop 专题课程级别Introductory 入门级elementary, fundamental 初级Intermediate, secondary 中级Advanced 高级Prerequisite 先修课程上课：Syllabus 教学大纲Required textbook 要求的课本Attendance 出勤Grading system 打分体系Class participation 课堂参与Otherssemester/term 学期 quarter小学期course guideline 课程纲要exemption 免修Professor’s signature 教授的签字（用于注册课程）Course cap课程容量（可以招收的学生数）openings （可供注册的名额）Take选（课）, drop 退（课）Late registration晚注册Deregistration 注销教师称号professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者，顾问president 大学校长faculty 全体教职员dean 院长coordinator 班主任，协调人tutor 个人辅导supervisor 管理人作业：assignment 作业（lab/book/oral/mix media）report 实验报告project 项目survey 调查presentation 发言term paper 学期论文（research paper）thesis/essay/dissertation 论文journal 学术期刊social investigation 社会调查questionnaire n.调查表, 问卷observation n.观察interview vt.n.采访collect data 收集数据broad (论文等)内容宽泛narrow down (论文等)缩小范围source （写论文的）参考资料critical thinking 评判性思维lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadline n.最终期限extension 延期due date/time期限outline n.大纲, 提纲 (roadmap) bibliography n书目, 参考书目reference 参考plagiarism n. 抄袭revise v. 修改rewrite v. 重写final draft 完成稿speech n.演讲presentation 演讲，陈述eye contact 目光接触intonation 音调考试：mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考cumulative final 总结性考试take-home exam（拿回家的开卷考试，一般有限定的时间）open-book exam 开卷考试subjective test 主观性测试objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验blue book 答题本assessment n估价appraisal n.评价, 估价make up for补考,resit, retake重考grade （mark 、score）分数成绩：perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A's 全Abe all A's and B's 全是A和B B plus B加A minus A减pass the exam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业diploma, degree, certificate 文凭，学位，证书考试问题：分析成绩低的原因，给出解决办法图书馆：library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication 出版物periodical 期刊magazine 杂志book catalog 图书目录classified catalog 分类目录title index 书目索引alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引circulation desk借书处reserved books 馆藏书（只能在图书馆内借阅）library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室online journal 在线期刊video tape 录像带back issue 过期杂志current issue 近期杂志archive 档案non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说copier 复印机check out 办理（借、还）手续renew 续借overdue过期interlibrary service 馆际服务部分名称information desk n.服务台delivery/circulation desk借书台shelf n.书架（vt.）stacks 书架photocopy room复印室return area 还书处students locker 学生存储间reference section 参考书部科研过程Hypothesis 假说Alternative hypothesis择一假说Null hypothesis无效假说, 零假说Collect dataSurvey 调查Questionnaire 调查问卷Experiment 实验Interfere, influence 打扰Observation 观察Analyze data 分析数据Interpret data 翻译数据Analysis 分析Analytical 分析的Subject 主题,科目,受制于…的SampleTreatment group 实验组Control group 实验对照组校内工作，课外活动及寻找经济援助：Letter ofreference/recommendation 推荐信Competitive 竞争的Benefit future careerField research 实地调查研究Collect data for papers Waiter, waitress，Babysitter 临时保姆Work at the library Qualification资格, qualified 合格的Resume, CV 简历financial aid经济援助Scholarship/Fellowship 奖学金Teaching assistantship 助教奖学金Research assistantship 研究奖学金Grant 助学金Loan 贷款Need-based以需求为基础Merit-based 以优秀为基础Student union 学生会Clubs 俱乐部Career service住宿：宿舍：accommodation n.住处, 膳宿residence hall宿舍suite 套间studio 工作室，独立套间village 村落（校内一栋一栋的房子，可以用做宿舍）lounge n.公共大厅（可以用做娱乐）home-stay 在国外住在房东家里的那种roommate同屋者,室友corridor n. 走廊,过道，租房lease n.租借, 租约landlord 房东landlady女房东rent租金tenant 房客patio n.阳台， sliding door n.推拉门single room 单人房twin room 双人房two-bedroom apartmenthouse key 房锁匙床上用品:pillow n.枕头bed linen n. 床上用品sheet n. 被单mattress n.床垫blanket n.毯子towel n.手巾, 毛巾quilt n.棉被电器类electricappliance(instrument;equipment) 电器heater, furnace 加热器，炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机（laundry 洗衣店）utensil 器皿；用具kitchen utensil 炊具oven 烤箱；烤炉dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机(hot-water) heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶fridge(refrigerator/freezer)冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修，保养家具类furniture 家具bookshelf 书架bookcase 书柜couch 沙发chest 柜子；橱；箱子dresser (bureau) 梳妆台cabinet (电视机等)机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜cupboard (closet) 碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture （房屋）固定装置furnishings 室内陈设日常生活/问题:personalpossessions/property/belonging s个人财产get insurance for personal possessions/property/belongs garbage/rubbish/waste n.垃圾dispose v. 处理gas meter煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.夜贼leaking/leakage n. 泄漏lost key丢钥匙break in 闯入讲座场景词汇Geology地质学Slide n. 滑坡Landslide n.山体滑坡Mud泥土, soil土壤Earth n. 土Sink v.下沉Ground water 地下水Irrigation n. 灌溉Freeze, froze, frozen v.冷冻Melt v.融化 moltenGravity n.重心Aggravate v.加重Lean v.倾斜Slope n.斜坡Steep adj.陡峭Erode v., erosion n.腐蚀Fossil n.化石Dinosaur n.恐龙Sediment, deposit 沉淀物Marble 大理石granite 花岗岩Ore 矿石Stalactite 钟乳石Refine v. 提炼Platinum v. 铂金Seismology 地震学Vibration, tremor, 震动Wave 波动Volcano, volcanic 火山，火山的Volcanic eruption 火山喷发Magnitude 级数Collision n.碰撞Active adj.积极的Dormant adj.休眠的Extinct adj. 熄灭的Magma n.岩浆Lava n.岩浆Erupt v.喷发explode v.爆炸 (explosion) boom n.爆炸Blast n.爆炸Avalanche n.雪崩地球科学Earth’s interior 地球的内部Seismic waves地震波Compression 压缩Shear （a deformation of an object in which parallel planes remain parallel but are shifted in a directionparallel to themselves）Slow down减慢速度Reflect 反射Depth深度Density 密度Boundary边界Mantle地幔Crust地壳Core地心Continental plate 大陆板块Tectonic plate (地球表面的)构造板块Continental drift 大陆漂移Layer, strata 层Stratify 分层Crack 裂缝Molten lava 融化的岩浆Climatic shift=Climatic changes气候变化Consistent pattern 统一的，始终一致的Solar energy太阳能Radiate 发射，放射Crude approximation 大概的猜测Speculation猜测Cooling down冷却Mechanism 机制Length of the dayPhysical force 体力Imaginary line虚拟线Artificial reservoir 人工水库LatitudeRedistribute再分配，再分布Spin 快速旋转Minerals 矿物质Diverse 多样的Specimen，Sample样品Abundant 丰富的Glassy像玻璃的Amazon stones天河石Firing vapor 炙热的水蒸汽Wipe out 根除，彻底消灭Mt Everest 珠穆朗玛峰Elevation 海拔，海拔增高Precise measurement精确的测量Global Positioning System全球定位系统Longitude 经度Latitude 维度Alternative sources of energy 可替代资源Gas hydrate气体水合物Trap 困住Flame 火焰Potential 潜在的Model 模式Geological fault地质断层Crack 裂缝seismic gap地震活动空白地带postulate 假设chunk 大块cylinder 圆柱cylindrical 圆柱形的ground tilt measurement地倾斜观测evacuate 撤出sedimentary adj. 沉淀性的accumulate 积累商业Insurance 保险Note 注意Contract合约Verbal agreement口头协议Repay 偿还Interest 利息Merchant 商人Cautious 谨慎的Paramount 极为重要的Manufacture 制造Label 标签Contention 所持观点Inform 告知Cost成本Profit利润loss损失Net净的，gross粗略的Supply and demand供求Supply chain供应链Fluctuation 浮动Recession 衰退Depression 萧条Marketing strategies市场营销策略Survey 调查Surplus 剩余Shipment 运输Distribution 分布Retail 零售Whole sale 批发Franchise特许经营Budget预算哲学Socrates, Plato and Aristotle Theme 主题Logic 逻辑Rhetoric 修辞Fundamental causes 基本原因Principles of the universe 宇宙的原则Perceive 看待，观察Perception 观点Sense 感觉Soul 灵魂spiritElement 组成成分Reasoning 推理Ration理性, rational有理性的Contemplation 沉思，思考Judgment判断Just公正的，justice公正Justify证明, justification 合理的理由Explicit 明确的Ethics道德规范Ethical theory 伦理理论Moral 有道德的Ultimate truth终极真理Universal 普遍的Search for truth 追求真理Vary v.不相同Intrinsic 内部的Extrinsic 外部的Critic 评论家Old-fashioned 过时的Valuable 有价值的Survive 生存，存活Conservative 保守的Liberal 开放的Impractical不实际的Empirical经验主义的Cognitive 认知的Weaken 削弱Diminish （影响力）减小Medieval 中世纪Renaissance 文艺复兴Doctrine教义,主义,学说Idealism 唯心论，理想主义Epistemology n. 认识论Metaphysics形而上学,玄学Reconcile和解,调停天文学astronomy constellation 星座zodiac （星象学的星座）planet 行星sun 恒星Jupiter 木星Pluto 冥王星Saturn 土星Mercury 水星Mars 火星Venus金星Neptune海王星Uranus天王星Ceres 谷物星（the largest asteroid and the first discovered）White dwarf 白矮星Big Dipper 北斗七星Asteroid belt 小行星带Milky Way 银河系Galaxy n.星系orbit v.运行n.轨道rotate v. 转Axis n.轴track n. 轨道outer space外太空gravity n.重力equator n.赤道tropical 热带的brightness n.亮度dimension n.维度distance n. 距离Eclipse (日月食)Wane, diminish v. 逐渐变小Centripetal 向心Centrifugal 离心Nebula 星云(an immense cloud of gas (mainly hydrogen) and dust in interstellar space）Nebulous adj. 星云的Gas 气体 (rock, ice, hydrogen, oxygen)Particle 微粒Polar light 极光Astronomical 天文的Astrophysics 天文物理学Big Dipper 北斗七星Black hole 黑洞Celestial天体的Celestial map 天体图Centrifugal force 离心力Chondrite 球粒状陨石Chromosphere太阳的色球层Clockwise 顺时针Cluster 星团，一群星星Comet 彗星Cosmos宇宙,cosmetic宇宙的Cosmology宇宙学Emission 排放物，发射Faint 微弱的Feeble 微弱的Gaseous bodies 气态包Gravitational force 吸引力Greenwich mean time 格林尼治时间High resolution 高清晰度Ignite 引燃Illusive object 幻影物体Image 影响，形象Infinite 无限的Infrared ray 红外射线Interferometer 干扰仪Intergalactic 星系间的International date line 国际日期变更线Interplanetary 星球间的Interstellar星际的Leap year 闰年Light year光年Luminosity光亮度Lunar阴历的，月亮的Massive 巨大的Meteor流星Meteor shower 流星雨Meteorite陨石Meteoroid流星体Molten 融化的Naked eye 裸眼Observatory 天文台Photosphere 光球层Planetarium 天文馆Planetoid 小行星Polestar 北极星Pseudoscience 伪科学Quasar类星体Radiation 辐射Revolution 旋转Rotation 旋转Satellite 卫星Sky atlas天体图Solar corona日冕Space debris 太空垃圾Space shuttle 太空飞船Space suit 太空服Spin 快速旋转Star cluster 星群，星团Stellar 星星的Sunspot 太阳黑子Time difference 时差Time zone 时区表演艺术（舞蹈，电影，音乐etc.）Genre 艺术分类Performing art 表演艺术modern dance piece现代舞concert 音乐会play剧opera歌剧film 电影camera 摄影camera shotanalytical 分析的parallel 平行的ballet芭蕾舞choreographer 舞蹈指导Fine/visual arts 视觉艺术Abstract art抽象艺术landscape风景photography摄影exposure 曝光develop film 冲洗胶卷negative n. 底片portrait(portray v. )肖像, 人像、still life静物sculpture雕塑statue 人物雕像lifelike 逼真的vivid anthem 国歌Critic 评论家Criticism 批评，评论Review n.评论Masterpiece 杰作Have aesthetic value 有美学价值Aesthetic appeal 美学吸引力Feature 特点Characteristics 特点Distinct adj.与众不同的Unique 独一无二的Style 风格Technique 技巧Gallery n.画馆Edition n.专辑Release v. 发行Debut n.首映Impressionist 印象主义者Impressionism 印象派Perspective 透视法Angle 角度Press/Publishing house出版社Acclaim v. 盛赞mirage 海市蜃楼prolific 多产Preserve v. 保存Extinct adj.灭绝的，消失的文学Literature 文学Poetry诗歌biography传记autobiography 自传detective stories 侦探小说drama戏剧novel小说Novelist 小说家collection of short stories短篇小说集Allegory寓言Comparative literature比较文学Diary 日记Editorial 社论，重要评论Fiction 小说Aestheticism 唯美Autobiography 自传Descriptive prose 描述散文Fairy tale 童话Futurism 未来派Legend 传说Literary studies 文学研究Narrative prose 叙述性散文Podium 讲台Prose 散文Realism 现实主义School of literature 文学派别Leading character 主要角色Literary criticism 文学评论Literary studies 文学学习Modernism 现代主义Plot 情节Poetry 诗歌Prologue前言Proverb谚语Surrealism 超现实主义美术Art gallery艺廊Calligraphy书法Imitating模仿Landscape painting风景画Oil painting油画Paste粘贴Crayon 蜡笔，粉笔，颜料Pigmentation 颜料Canvas 帆布Wax 蜡Spectrum 光谱Perspective透视画法Poster海报Portrait肖像Model模式，模特mural 壁画Panorama全景Pastel drawing蜡笔画Sketch草图Autograph手稿建筑Architecture建筑学Architect建筑师Architectural style建筑风格Art deco 装饰艺术Art moderneGeometric patterns 几何图形Arch 拱门Castle 城堡Cathedral大教堂Framing结构Lobby n. 大厅(entrance hall) Elevator n. 电梯Fa?ade n. 正面Stairs 楼梯Interior 内部的Exterior 外部的Impressionistic style印象派风格Mosque清真寺Pyramid金字塔Revival 复活Renaissance 文艺复兴Medieval中世纪527 (Sofia)-1520音乐Accompaniment 伴奏Audition 试听，试表演Band music 乐队音乐Chord弦乐，弦Classical music古典音乐Concerto 协奏曲Lullaby 催眠曲Duet 二重奏Harmony 和弦，和谐Rock and roll 摇滚Serenade 小夜曲Solo 独奏Sonata 奏鸣曲Symphony 交响乐Ballad歌谣Folk music 民间音乐Prelude 前奏Epilogue 尾声Score 乐谱Note 音符Notation 乐谱，记号法Chord symbol和弦符号Lyrics 歌词Tempo 节奏Melody 主旋律Rhythm节奏Tune 旋律Conduct 指挥Violin 小提琴Viola 中提琴Cello大提琴Oboe双簧管Clarinet单簧管krummhorn['kr?mh?:n]n. 变号(一种古双簧乐器)Harp 竖琴考古anthropologist 人类学家ecological 生态的anthropologist 生态人类学家archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学Ancient civilization 古代文明origin 起源originate 起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人（科）homogeneous 同一种族（种类）的tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth) 挖掘Scoop铲子ruins 遗迹，废墟remains 遗迹，遗骸artifact 手工艺品pottery 陶器 (potter) Porcelain瓷器fossil 化石relic 遗物，文物Rock painting 岩石画antique 古物，古董antiquity 古代，古老skull 颅骨Cranial颅骨的Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age （青）铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的Exhume 挖掘Paleoanthropology Prehistoric史前的Primitive原始的动物微生物Amino acid 氨基酸Antibody 抗体Bacterium 细菌Biological agency Calcium钙Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Cell细胞Chromosome 染色体Disinfection 消毒Enzymes 酶Fatigue 疲惫Fermentation 发酵Fungus 菌类Gene基因Genetic engineering 基因工程学Glucose 葡萄糖Immunology免疫学Incubation 孵蛋Inflection传染Malaria 疟疾Microbe 微生物Nucleus 细胞核One-celled单细胞的Oxidation氧化Parasitic animal 寄生动物Parasite disease 寄生虫病Parasitology 寄生虫学Pathogen 病菌，病原体Protozoa 原生动物Sanitation 卫生Schistosomiaisis 血吸虫病Starch 淀粉Sterilization 消毒Toxin 毒素Vaccine 疫苗Virus 病毒Yeast 酵母动物living organism 生物bacterium(pl.bacteria) 细菌algae海藻coral珊瑚rodent 啮齿类动物primate 灵长类动物ape 猿chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩gorilla 大猩猩monkey n. 猴子mammal 哺乳类动物dinosaur n.恐龙bat (ecolotion) 蝙蝠（声波定位）snowshoe hare 雪兔子raccoon 浣熊polar bear 北极熊snout (动物的)口鼻部;reptile 爬行类动物snake, cobra眼镜蛇, rattle snake 响尾蛇lizard蜥蜴,snail 蜗牛amphibian adj. 两栖动物crocodile 鳄鱼frog n. 青蛙tadpole 蝌蚪toad 蟾蜍pond 池塘puddle 水坑insect n.昆虫mosquito 蚊子fly 苍蝇cricket 蟋蟀grasshopper 蚱蜢honey beemonarch butterfly 大花蝶large migratory American butterfly having deep orange wings with black and white markings; the larvae feed on milkweedegg 卵larvae 幼虫caterpillar 毛虫pupa/ chrysalis 茧termite n. 白蚁marine adj. 海洋的beaver 狸whale 鲸shark 鲨鱼dolphin 海豚penguin 企鹅predator n. 捕食者prey n. 被捕食者aquatic adj.水生的shrimp 虾lobster 龙虾clam 蚌crab 螃蟹bird, humming birdartery 动脉scale 鳞片claw爪 , paw爪子horn 角hormone 荷尔蒙intestine 肠hive 蜂巢pollen n. 花粉pollinate v.授粉hibernate 冬眠migrate v. 迁徙communicate v. 交流保护色evolve 进化evolution n. 进化endotherm n.温血动物,恒温动物poikilotherm n. 冷血动物beak 鸟嘴enzymes 酵母secretion(n.) secrete(v.) 分泌pancreas 胰腺odor 气味(还有aroma fragrance scent smell)gland 腺体chromosome 染色体植物botany植物学botanist 植物学家tundra苔原;冻土地带,冻原fungus(pl. fungi ) 菌类laurel 月桂chestnut tree 栗子树root 根branch 枝stem 茎algae(pl. alga) 海藻organism 有机物birch tree (bark) 桦树crops 谷物corn 玉米maize 玉米chlorophyll 叶绿素amino acids 氨基酸protein 蛋白质nitrogen 氮photosynthetic(adj.) photosynthesis(n.) 光合作用lichen 地衣,苔藓squash 南瓜one of a group of large vegetables with solid flesh and hard skins, such as PUMPKIN sbean 豆类植物nectar花蜜flower花floral 花的petal 花瓣bloom 开花blossom 花pollen花粉moss 苔藓herbicide 除草剂herb 草本植物herbivorous 食草的classification 分类hierarchy 级别hazardous 有毒害的Meteorology 气象meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层Convection 对流Stratosphere 同温层Barometer 气压计current （气）流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿；水分saturate 饱和absorb 吸收dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体downpour (torrential rain) 大雨tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩precipitation （雨、露、雪等）降水Thunder 雷Lightening 闪电breeze 微风Blast 大风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风Cyclone 旋风，飓风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风Monsoon 季风Sandstorm沙尘暴Dust storm沙尘暴tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风Tropical depression热带低气压Wind direction 风向Wind velocity 风速Wind scale 风力funnel 漏斗，漏斗云cumulonimbus 积雨云disaster (calamity, catastrophe) 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没overwhelm v. 淹没drought 干旱Avalanche雪崩Balmy 温和的Chilly寒冷的Frigid僵硬的，严格的Heat-wave热浪Tepid adj.微温的环保environmental protection 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的preserve v.保护，保存污染：pollute, pollution, pollutant contaminant n.污染物contaminate v.污染ecosystem生态系统ecology n.生态学antiseptic adj.防腐的atmospheric pollution大气污染垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter处理: dispose of, burn, bury (landfill),recycle, reduce, reuse,dump 回收:glass, paper, water, milk carton牛奶盒, tyre, aluminium cans铝罐,plastic bags, rubbish bags biodegradable packaging可降解包装,throwaway 可丢弃的disposable 可丢弃的discourage v. 不鼓励燃料none-renewable 不可再生的fossil fuels矿石燃料:natural gas, coal, petroleum limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源alternative energy替代能源, replace=substitute v.取代wind power, hydropower水电, solar (lunar) power太阳能, nuclear power核能radioactivity n. 辐射性use up, deplete, exhaust v. 用光，耗尽conserve v. 节省，节约,污染: water pollution, air pollution,soil pollution土壤污染,noise pollutionsoil erosion 土壤侵蚀soil pollution土壤污染stain n.污染，污点，玷污stink v.发出臭味tar n.焦油toxic chemical 有毒的化学物品fume n.烟，气味light pollution日光污染refuse废物sewage污水pesticide n.杀虫剂chemical waste化学废料congest v.使充满危害动物:poaching非法打猎，盗猎, damage natural habitat破坏自然栖息地,rare breed稀有物种, endangered species濒危物种, extinct adj.灭绝 (die out, disappear),animal rights activist动物权益保护者 ,natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区,protect wild life保护野生动物, preserve v.保护disastrous灾难性的,devastation破坏,have disastrous effect on…对。
学校生活类英语词汇
*入学Freshman 大一新生register 注册，报到，登记enrollment 登记，入学Orientation 新生介绍会department 系，学部principal 校长dean 系主任Student ID card 学生证recommendation letter 推荐信Application form 申请表*选课Register for / sign up for/enroll in /enlist in/take 选（课或作业）Semester 学期quit /drop a course 退课pick up 学习，选择Major in 主修earn a credit 修学分course sheet 选课单Credit course 给学分的课程non-credit course 无学分的课程Unit 单元quota 名额quota reached 名额已满Quota not used up 名额未满sit in 旁听workload 负担Transfer credits 转学分waive a course 免修一门课程audit a course 旁听一门课程introduction/introductory/elementary/ intro course 初级课程prerequisite course 预修课程intermediate course 中级课程advanced course 高级课程Required/compulsory course 必修课optional / elective /selective class 选修课Science course 理科课程arts course 文科课程curriculum 课程Seminar 研究班课程，短期强化课程workshop 研讨会，讲习班Linguistics 语言学philosophy 心理学economics 经济学Political science 政治学literature class 文学课Engineering 工程学archaeology 考古学biochemistry 生物化学Bioengineering 生物工程学anthropology 人类学botany 植物学Algebra 代数math 数学*上课Lecturer 讲师supervisor/advisor 导师visiting professor 客座教授teaching assistant/assistant instructor 助教Tutor 辅导专家，家教finish class late 拖堂Finish class early 提前下课boring 枯燥thought_provoking 发人深思的stimulating/inspiring 令人兴奋的Fascinating/fabulous 精彩的，非常好的Impressive 给人印象深刻的Terror 引起恐怖的人或事物Strict 严格的Call the roll 点名Catch/follow 跟上，听懂Make sense of/make heads and tails of/figure out 明白，理解Get lost 不明白Complicated 复杂的Confused/puzzled 迷惑不解的Pushover 很容易对付的人Doze off 混混欲睡Drop off 睡着了Stay awake 保持清醒Cancel/call off 取消Postpone/put off 推迟Make a presentation 作陈述或介绍school timetable/class schedule 课程表Build the interest 培养兴趣Active involvement 积极参与Punctual 守时，准时Take notes 作笔记Skip the class 逃课Attendance 出席，出席人数Presence 出席absence 缺席Make up sth 弥补（课或工作等）Slide/transparency 幻灯片Platform 讲台*学习Academic performance 学习表现Academic achievement 学术成绩Enthusiasm 热情Improvement 进步，提高Concentrate 集中精力Distraction 使人分心的事物Lack confidence in...对..缺乏信心Discouraged 泄气的，灰心的Instruction after class 课后指导Prepare lessons before class 预习Exhausted 疲惫的Take a break 休息Relax 放松Help sb out 帮助某人摆脱困难come up with 赶上Think highly/much of ...对...评价课余生活Participate in 参与enroll in 登记take part in 参加，参与Sign up for 参加（俱乐部、课程）participant 参加者，参与者Recruit 招收taste 兴趣，爱好extracurricular activities 课余活动alumni association 校友会club bulletin 社刊Camping 露营，野营Chorus/choral/group 合唱队University band 校园乐队Photography club 摄影社Drama club 戏剧社Dorm council宿舍管理委员会Curriculum committee 课程委员会The students' Union 学生会Withdraw from the club 退社President/chairman 主席Run for 精选V ote 选票（n），投票（v）V oter registration 选举活动Questionnaire 问卷调查Election campaign 选举活动Campaign manager 竞选活动负责人Candidate 候选人Ticket office/box office 售票处Book a ticket 订票Ticket line 排队买票的队伍Line up for tickets 排队买票Discount 折扣Contest/competition 竞赛A ward 奖Deserve 值得semi-final 半决赛Go on to the finals 进入决赛Get eliminated 被淘汰Guitar 吉他V iolin 小提琴Cello 大提琴Clarinet 单簧管Horn 号Saxophone 萨克斯Ballroom dancing 交际舞Ballet 芭蕾舞Pick up 学习Painting/drawing 绘画Sketch 素描Photo album 相册Part-time job 兼职Have a job on the side 有一份兼职工作借书、买书Check out the book 办理借阅手续Librarian 图书管理员Stacks 书库Catalogue 目录Index 索引In circulation 已经借出Open shelves 开架Library card 借书卡Overdue 过期的Renewal 续借Reading room 阅览室Journal/periodical 期刊Magazine binder 杂志合订本Latest issue 最近一期杂志Current issue 现期杂志Back issue 过期杂志Reference desk 参考咨询台Extra copy 额外的读本Editorial 社论Buy out the bookstore 买了很多书Subscribe to 订阅Order the book 订购这本书Second-hand book 二手书Out of stock 脱销Out of print 已绝版Textbook 课本Hardcover edition 精装本Paperback edition 平装本Publisher 出版商Publication 出版，出版物Publishing house 出版社读书、写作Novel 小说Non-fiction 非小说类的（书籍）Science fiction 科幻小说Detective story 侦探小说Who done it 侦探小说（口语）Mystery novel 悬疑小说Biography 自传History book 历史书籍Social commentary 社会评论Bestseller 畅销书Be addicted to/attracted by the book 对那本书入迷Pore over the book 全神贯注地看书Fast reader 读书快的人Plough though the book 好不容易读完这本书Get through this novel 通读小说Read selectively 选择性的阅读Read extensively 广泛的阅读Book review 书评School/college newspaper 校报Newsletter 简报Contribute (给报社)投稿Editor in chief 主编Subeditor 副主编作业、论文Assignment 作业Homework/studies/class work/school work 功课Paper/essay/thesis 论文Term paper 学期论文Experiment 实验Project 课题Book report 读书报告Lab report 实验报告Research/survey 调查Data 数据Polish 润色Rough draft 草稿Have one's hands full with ...忙于做... Expectation 期望Fall short of one's expectation 出乎意料Be strict with ...对...严厉Due 到期的Deadline 最后期限Extension /extend 延时，延期Criticism 批评，批判Feedback 反馈Bibliography 参考书目Reference book 参考书考试、成绩Mid-term exam 期中考试Final/final exam 期末考试Quiz 小测验Pop quiz 突击测验Standardized tests 标准测试National test 统考Placement exam 插班考Entrance exam 入学考试Reschedule 重新安排时间Exam week/period 考试周Open book exam 开卷考试（能带资料的考试）Resit 重考supplementary exam 补考mock exam / practice exam 模拟考试Restless/get cold feet/can't sit still/be on edge/like a cat on hot bricks/ have butterflies inone's stomach/keep pacing the floor/bite one's nails 很紧张Review/go over/go through 复习Stay up all night/be up all night 熬夜Cram up 临时包佛脚Grade the papers 改试卷，评分Grade/score/mark 成绩Full marks 满分High grade/score/mark 高分Low grade/score/mark 低分Passing grade/score/mark 及格分Straight As 全得A,全优 B plus B 加 B minus B 减Pass the exams with flying colors 以优异的成绩通过考试Fail in the exam 考试不及格Flunk 挂科，考试不及格Make up the exam 补考Repeat the course 重建Supplementary course 补习课程，辅助课程退学、转学Drop out of school退学Take a leave of absence from school 休学Exclusion from school 退学Shift/transfer to ...转（系）Transfer to another school 转学毕业、进修Graduation 毕业Undergraduate 大学生Graduate 毕业生Postgraduate 研究生Diploma 文凭A bachelor's degree 学士学位A master's degree 硕士学位A doctor's degree 博士学位Further/advanced study 进修Study abroad 留学Graduation party 毕业晚会Farewell 告别Tuition 学费Fee 学杂费Expenses 费用Finance 资助Financial aids 助学金（总称）Grant 助学金，补助金A student loan 学生贷款Scholarship 泛指各种奖学金Fellowship 学术奖金Apply for 申请学校教育英语词汇：nursery托儿所kindergarten幼儿园primary school/elementary school小学secondary school中学教育higher education高等教育further education进修教育英语词汇：parenting, schooling enroll 入学admit 招收，录取Parents are obliged to do…父母有责任、义务去做……compulsory education 强制教育、义务教育minors 未成年人immature 不成熟的学习的好处的教育英语词汇：learn skills学习技能acquire knowledge学习知识enrich knowledge丰富知识widen horizon开阔视野inspire interest激发兴趣stimulate interest激发兴趣cultivate v. 培养hobbies develop potentials conduce to mental development lay a solid foundation for the future为将来打下坚实的基础学习上的问题的教育英语词汇：lack discipline缺少约束力persistence毅力test-oriented education应试型教育quality education 素质教育cram for examinations突击考试stuff 塞materials memorise背, memorisation rote learning死记硬背Test-taking techniques应试技巧坏处的教育英语词汇：discourage critical thinking 打击评判性思维students stop questioning what they are being taught 学生们不去质问他们学习的东西conduce to academic performance有助学习表现Adversely influence 负面地影响(动作) Exert adverse/unfavorable influence on对……产生负面影响Emphasis on memorisation adversely influences one's academic performance. Creativity 创造性Lower/raise the standard of…降低了……的水平不同类别的教育adult education成人教育open admission免试入学制day-care center幼儿园（美）nursery school托儿所primary/elementary school小学（英/美）secondary school中学coeducation男女生同校制度junior high school初中senior high school高中attached middle school附中technical school技校polytechnic institute理工学院/科技大学key school重点中学graduate school研究生院open university夜大、函大private school私立学校public school公立学校universal education普及教育educationist/educator教育家postgraduate研究生alumnus/alumna校友（男/女）undergraduate本科Alma Mater母校auditor=guest student旁听生boarder住宿生open-book exam开卷考pop test抽考orientation program新生训练teaching facilities教学设施assistantship助学金scholarship奖学金room and board食宿auditorium礼堂vice-monitor副班长period of schooling学习年限credit system学分制mark/score/grade分数schedule=school timetable课程表individual study自习individual coaching=tutorial个别指导English evening英语晚会after-school activities课外活动social investigation社会调查voluntary labor义务劳动graduation appraisal毕业评估graduation ceremony=commencement毕业典礼diploma=graduation certificate毕业证书drop out辍学quit school退学school discipline校纪attendance/participation出勤率attend a lecture上课miss a class缺课cut a class旷课expel sb from school开除tuition学费miscellaneous expenses杂费 a grant-aided student 领助学金的学生lecture portfolio讲义夹semester半学期blue-book考卷report card成绩单final-examination期末考核quiz小测验oral test口试diploma毕业证degree学位associate diploma专科证书Bachelor学士Master硕士Doctor of Philosophy博士Expert专家教你如何用WORD文档(2012-06-27 192246)转载▼标签：杂谈1. 问：WORD 里边怎样设置每页不同的页眉？如何使不同的章节显示的页眉不同？答：分节，每节可以设置不同的页眉。
全新版大学听说教程3答案第二版
全新版大学听说教程3答案第二版【篇一：新视野大学英语视听说教程第二版第三册答案(全)】y the colorful campus life!ii. basic listening practicekeys: 1.c 2.d 3. b 4.d 5.aiii. listening intask 1:on the first daykeys:(1)the first day(2)changing(3)really good(4)hard workers(5)went over her head(6)explained(7)notes(8)wednesday(9)participation(10)educationtask 2:how to select elective courses?keys:(1)extra training(2)chemistry(3)accounting(4)many fields of study(5)better potential(6)business degree(7)challenging(8)how to learn(9)better understanding(10)narrow-mindedtask3: how to get straight as?keys:1.b 2.c 3. d 4.a 5.div. speaking outmodel1model2model3task 1:maintaining the quality or increasing the intake?keys:(1)quality(2)young(3)25(4)difficult(5)government(6)quality(7)cut(8)extra-cautious(9)afford(10)experience(11)more(12)blame(13)budget(14)puzzled(15)servicetask 2:whats your answer?according to the interviewee,its difficult to strike a balance between maintaining the educational quality and making sure as many people as possible receive university education.in the past years, china has been confronted with the same problem.the university eollment has been on the increase and some institutions of higher learning do not have enough teachers and teaching facilities,thus affecting the educational quality.task 3:lets group work!vi. further listening and speakinglistening task:task1: problems with our educational systemscript:hi, everybody. my topic today is problems with our educational system.i disagree on a lot of the ways that things have happened for a long time in our educational system.it seems that educators just want to give standardized tests,which focus only on academic performance and neglect students abilities and interest in other areas.i think there are a lot of people who are very intelligent,but havent had the opportunities they could have had if they had learned in a broader-minded educational system.i feel that a lot of courses that students are required to take in high school are too academic, and, as a result,many kids have lost their interest in cators often fail to recognize various kinds of intelligence.they simply exert a lot of pressure on students to be as well-rounded as possible. i think being well-rounded isnt really possible.and as a consequence, some students i believe to be intelligent cant get into good colleges if they,you know, havent scored well on the math section, even if they are brilliant writers. another thing that disturbs me is that the so-called weak students are separatedfrom the rest of the school.some kids are kept in a separate class if their grades are lower than others. and theyre very aware of their social position, you know.i think it causes them to act in a way that is not really positive. theyre just acting in a way they are expected. often their grades go from bad to worse. and thats pretty sad.i think that many of the kids in those classes are intelligent,but they never actually realize their potential because of the way they are treated early on in their education.keys:(1)standardized tests(2)abilities and interest(3)interest(4)pressure(5)well-rounded(6)get into good colleges(7)the rest of the school(8)from bad to worsetask 2: the final examscriptat a university, there were four sophomores taking a chemistry course.they were doing so well on all the quizzes, midterms, labs, etc. that each had an a so far for the semester.these four friends were so confident that on the weekend before the final, they decided to go up to the university of virginia and party with some friends there.they decided to find their professor after the final and explain to him why they missed it.they explained that they had planned to come back in time for the final exam, but, unfortunately, they had a flat tire on the way back and didnt have a spare. as a result, they missed the final.the professor thought it over and then agreed they could make up the final the following day.the guys were relieved and elated.the next day, the professor placed them in separate rooms, handed each of them a paper, and told them to begin.they looked at the first problem, worth five points.it was a simple question on a chemical reaction.cool, they all thought at the same time, each one in his separate room, this is going to be easy.each finished the problem and then turned the page.on the second page was a question worth 95 points: which of the tires was flat?keys:(1)course(2)quizzes(3)semester(4)confident(5)party(6)make(7)missed(8)they had a flat tire on the way back and didnt have a spare(9)placed them in separate rooms, handed each of them a paper(10)on the second page was a question worthtask3: harvard universityscriptharvard university is the oldest institute of higher learning in the united states. founded 16 years after the arrival of the pilgrims at plymouth,the university has grown from nine students with a single master to the present eollment of more than 21,000 students,including undergraduates and students in 10 graduate and professional schools. over 14,000 people work at harvard, including more than 2,100 faculty members. harvard has produced eight american presidents and many nobel prize winners. during its early years, harvard offered a classic academic course based on the model of english universities,but consistent with the prevailing puritan philosophy.although many of its early graduates became ministers in puritan churches throughout new england,the university was never formally affiliated with a specific religious group.under president pusey, harvard started what was then the largest fundraising campaign in the history of american higher education.it was an 82.5-million-dollar program for the university.the program increased faculty salaries, broadened student aid, created new professorships,and expanded harvards physical facilities.neii l. rudenstine took office as harvards 26th president in 1991.as part of an overall effort to achieve greater coordination among the universitys schools and faculties,rudenstine encouraged academic planning and identified some of harvards main intellectual priorities.he also stressed the importance of the universitys excellence in undergraduate education,the significance of keeping harvards doors open to students from families of different economic backgrounds,and the task of adapting the research university to an era of both rapid information growth and serious fund shortage.keys: 1.b 2.a 3. c 4.d 5.dviewing and speaking:task 1:university budget cutsscripthost: well, david lammy, the university minister, joins me from westminster. now thanks for joining us this lunchtime,mr. lammy. how do these cuts... tie in with your much trumpeted commitment to increasing higher education?interviewee: well, i think its important to remind viewers that we will spend well over 12 billion pounds on higher educationthis year and to also say that there will be more students at university next year than ever before in our history.but what is important is that when they get to university, is that they have good facilities, good buildings,that they have good contact with their lecturers and, for students from poorer backgrounds that they receive a grant.and you know 40 percent of students who are going to university are in receipt of some grants. so we have to plan...host:but theres going to be less money next year. thats the bottom line, isnt it? interviewee: er, we are asking universities to make a one percent cut in their teaching grant.thats 51 million out of a total budget of over five billion.look, i think there are families across the country preparing for christmas spending a bit less and theyre,you know, its a lot more than one percent that theyre, theyre feeling.so i think this is reasonable to ask universities if we are to ensure that we cancontinue to send more young people to university and we remain committed to that. host:and briefly, what about these two-year degrees? this is a reduction in standards, isnt it?interviewee:well, we, we, we... its important in this country that we remember that students arent just the classic 18- to 21-year-old undergraduates.we want mature students. we want more parttime students and over the last few years weve been growing the number of foundation degree,two-year degrees that ensure that transition into high university and high level skills. thats what we want to support and thats what were indicating in the grant letter that weve sent to universities over the last few days.host:ok. david lammy, thank you so much for joining us.interviewee:thank you.keys:(1)increasing(2)12 / twelve(3)more(4)facilities(5)lecturers(6)poorer(7)grant【篇二：全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程3课后详细答案+新世纪视听说教程3(第二版)答案】ivetext acontent questions ( p10 )1. write and live on a farm.2. because they grow nearly all of their fruits and vegetables. they have enough eggs, honey andwood. they are very close to nature and can enjoy the beautiful scenery. besides, they can go skiing and skating in winter.3. no. sometimes the good life can get pretty tough.4. they were buried under five feet of snow from december through march.5. when the first spring came, it brought two floods. the second flood refers to the good harvestin the growing season.6. he decided to quit his job and start to freelance.7. he has to crawl into black bear dens for “sports illustrated”, hitch up dogsled racing teams for“smithsonian” magazine, c8. heck out the lake champlain “monster” for “science digest”, and canoe through the boundarywaters wilderness area of minnesota for “destinations”.9. as for insurance, they have only bought a poor man’smajor-medical policy and the policy ontheir two cars.10. they cut back their expenses without appreciably lowering their standard of living. forexample, they patronize local restaurants instead of more expensive places in the city. they still attend the opera and ballet but only a few times a year. they eat less meat, drink cheaper wine and see fewer movies.11. a tolerance for solitude and lots of energy.12. they will leave with a feeling of sorrow but also with a sense of pride at what they have beenable to accomplish.13. they chose to live in the country because they want to improve the quality of their lives. yes,they have finally realized their dreams.text organization ( p11 )part one (paragraphs 1—3) the writer views his life in the country as a self-reliant and satisfyingone.part two(paragraphs 4—7 ) life in the country is good yet sometimes very hard.part three (paragraphs 8—11) after quitting his job, the writer’s income was reduced, but he andhis family were able to manage to get by.part four (paragraphs 12—15 ) a tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy have made it possiblefor the family to enjoy their life in the country.happy moments and events1) growing nearly all their fruits and vegetables2) canoeing, picnicking, long bicycle rides, etc.3) keeping warm inside the house in winter4) writing freelance articles5) earning enough money while maintaining a happy family life hardships1) working hard both in winter and in summer2) harsh environment and weather condition3) anxious moments after the writer quit his job4) cutting back on daily expenses5) solitudevocabulary1. fill in the gaps with words or phrases given in the box.( p15 )1) on balance 2) resist 3) haul 4) wicked5) illustrated6) budget 7) lowering 8) boundary9) involved10)economic 11) blasting 12) just about2. now use the verb in brackets to form an appropriate phrasal verb you have learned and complete the sentence with it.( p16 )1) cut back / down 2）pick up3）get by 4) get through5）face up to 6）turn in7）making up for8）think up3. rewrite each sentence with the word or phrase in brackets, keeping the same meaning. （p17 ）1) pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy.2) often generate misleading thoughts.3) attach great importance to combining theory with practice in our work.4) be suspected of doing everything for money.5) before he gets through life.4. complete the sentences, using the words or phrases in brackets ( p17 )1. their indoor a profit to invest in2. devicethe improvement on a global scale3. stacked temptationnever dined outconfusable use ( p18 )1. house2. home3. home family4. household1. doubt2. suspected3. doubted4. suspected5. suspectword formation ( p19 )1) rise2) final 3) regular 4) cash5) hows and whys6) upped 7) yellowed 8) bottled 9) lower 10) searchcloze1. text-related ( p20 )1) gets by 2) temptation 3) get through4) improvement 5) aside from6) suspect7) supplement8) profit9) stacking2. theme-related( p21 )1) replaced2) consider 3) quit4) world5) tough6) fuels7) provide 8) luxuries 9) balance10) idealtranslation1. translate the sentences into english( p21 )1) we have a problem with the computer system, but i think it is fairly minor.2) my father died when i was too young to live on my own. the people of my hometowntook over responsibility for my upbringing at that point.3) the toys have to meet strict safety requirements before they can be sold to children.4) radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers ofnew and opinion.5) when it comes to this magazine, it is a digest of articles from many newspapers andmagazines around the world.2. translate the passage into english ( p21 )a decade ago, nancy did what so many americans dream about. she quit an executive position and opened a household device store in her neighborhood. people like nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives.but, to run a business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. without her steady income, nancy had to cut back on her daily expenses. sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed.fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. she is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life.text b1. choose the best answer for each of the following. ( p27 )1—6.a c d b a ctranslate into chinese the underlined sentences in the essay ( p28 )1. 什么？你说那听起来不像你府上的生活？其实，不仅仅是你一个人这么想。
CLAW5001_Legal Environment of Business_2009 Semester 1_mid-semester test
OfferOffer – firm promise to do something or refrain from doing something in exchange for a promise with intention that it shall become binding on acceptanceOffer may be described as the indication by one person to another of his willingness to enter into a contract with him on certain terms.In understanding the concept of offer it is necessary to distinguish between making:⏹An offer and merely indicating a possible course of future conduct⏹An offer and an invitation to treat; and⏹An offer and conduct that is merely part of the negotiations.At the time of formation of a bilateral contract, the obligations of both parties are to be performed. In other words, in a bilateral contract, the obligations of both parties are executory at the time of formation. In the case of a unilateral contract, the obligations of one party (the offeree) are executed at the time of formation while the obligations of the other party ( the offeror ) are executory. P252An offer can lead to a binding agreement only if the offer identifies the terms of the proposed agreement with sufficient certainty. P2531. Offer is not a mere request for information [s8]2. Offer is not an invitation to deal/treat: advertising, auctions and tenders[s11,s14]Termination of Offer[s15]Offer may be terminated when:1. Revocation of offer by offeror◆at any time before it is accepted◆must be communicated to offeree if it is to be effective2. Rejection of offer or counter-offer, by offeree[s24]3. Failure of offeree to accept offer4. Death of offeror5.if the offeror dies, the offer may lapseAcceptance [s29]1.Acceptance is a a “final and unqualified” assent to the terms of an offer2.Acceptance can only be made by those to whom the offer is addressed3.Acceptance must be made in response to the actual offer; it can not be made inBattle of the Forms [s29]1.Each set of terms may constitute counter-offer2.When there is acceptance, the terms set out in the last offer are the terms of thebe irrelevant.Communication of Acceptance [s33]1.The general rule is that there is no agreement until the acceptance is communicatedto the offeror2.The general rule is that acceptance is deemed to occur where it is received by offerorExceptions to rules regarding acceptance [s38]1.Where the parties have dealt regularly with one another in the past, it may bereasonable to conclude on the basis of those past dealings that a contract exists eventhough the offeree has not formally accepted.2.Where the offer and offeree are in the same industry and custom within that industrysuggests that formal acceptance is not necessary, a contract may exists even thoughthe offeree has not communicated acceptance.3.acceptance may be indicated by conduct,4.in the case of unilateral contracts,Offeror may waive the requirement ofcommunication of acceptance so as to relieve the offeree of this burden eg Carlill’scase5.The postal rule.Unilateral Contract [s39-s40]1.Egs offer of prizes, rewards, real estate commission agreement2.The determination of whether a contract is a unilateral contract or bilateral contractwill depend on the intention of the parties, rather than the form of words used 3. Nature of transaction and the expressions used by the parties are relevant in characterising the conduct of the parties 4. -Acceptance is not complete until act is complete -Offer of unilateral agreement is not accepted until offeree has performed act requested [戒烟丸]A greement without identification of offer and acceptance [s51]C ertainty and Acceptance [s52] 1. An agreement which is uncertain in a material respect is not binding 2. Uncertainty - types 2.1 Vague or ambiguous 2.2 Incomplete 2.3 Agreement to enter into contract in the future • Three types of “subject to contract ” agreement– Final agreement reached so that parties are immediately bound by thecontract but more precision as to language of terms– Final agreement but intend to defer performance until terms incorporated infinal document– No intention to conclude a bargain until sign formal contract (as inMasters v Cameron )Intention to Create Legal Relations [s56-S60]Even if there is an offer, acceptance and there is consideration, this does not necessarily mean that the parties intended to enter into a legal relationship• 2 classes of cases have to be considered:1.Domestic agreements 家庭协议[s58]– Between husband and wife – Between parent and child– Others – social relationships2,Commercial agreements 贸易协定[s59]– Where documents are entitled ‘subject to contract ’. – Where payments are made on an ‘ex gratia’ basisConsiderationgeneral rule [s2-s3]☺enforceable agreements may be divided into two type1. formal contracts which do no require consideration-a deed (contract under seal)2. simple contract which do require consideration⏹ totally oral;⏹totally written; or⏹ partly oral and partly written☺consideration dose not have to be in the form of a payment or promise to pay money ☺consideration may be :1. a promise to do something.2. a promise not to do something.3. doing something4. refraining from doing something ☺consideration may be :1. a benefit flowing to the promisor;2.a benefit flowing to a third person at the promisor ’s direction;3.a detriment to the promiseConsideration is different from motive [s6]1. 2. Consideration may not be past consideration [s10]3. Consideration must be something of value in the eyes of the lawConsideration –public policy[s19]Where a plaintiff is already contractually bound to the defendant to do something, if he/she is offered more to do the very same thing, there is no consideration for the newExceptions to rule in Pinnel’s case[s25]1.Paying a smaller sum before the full amount is due - if accepte d at the creditor’srequest2.Paying a smaller sum together with something else - additional consideration is goodconsideration if accepted。
mid term作文英语
mid term作文英语Title: The Midterm Exam ExperienceMidterm exams are a familiar challenge for students at all levels of education. These exams serve as a benchmark, assessing our understanding and progress halfway through the semester. As a student, I have mixed feelings about midterm exams, but they undoubtedly play a crucial role in my academic journey.Midterm exams provide a valuable opportunity for self-reflection. They allow me to evaluate my learning strategies and identify areas where I need to improve. By analyzing my performance, I can adjust my study habits and focus on the topics that require more attention.Preparing for midterms can be stressful, but it also motivates me to stay on top of my coursework. It encourages me to be proactive in my learning, seeking clarification on confusing topics and working harder to understand complex concepts.During the exam, I am reminded of the importance of time management and staying calm under pressure. These skills are not only crucial for academic success but also translate into real-world situations.The results of midterm exams often serve as a reality check. They help me assess whether I am on track to achieve my academic goals or if I need to make adjustments. Additionally, they provide valuable feedback to my professors, allowing them to identify areas where additional instruction or clarification may be needed.In conclusion, midterm exams are not just a measure of academic performance; they are a tool for growth and improvement. They challenge me to stay focused, organized, and resilient, skills that will benefit me beyond the classroom. While they may cause temporary stress, the lessons learned from midterm exams are invaluable in shaping my academic and personal development.。
Mid-Term Quiz Notes
There will be a 20 question multiple choice andTrue/False quiz. Be able to recognize the material we have studied this semester which is listed below.Oral English Mid Term Quiz NotesTV Shows we watched in class∙Transvestite – A person that dresses and acts in a manner of the opposite sex.∙Heterosexual - A person sexually attracted to persons of the opposite sex.∙Widen our circle - include more people in our lives.∙Chat - talking online∙Protocol for leaving - rules determining format for leaving∙Paradox – something that contradicts itself∙Alzheimer’s - brain disease that causes problems with memory∙Want to rip our eyes out – saw something that was disturbing∙Get lost - go away∙Mac Daddy - someone good with girls∙ A wedding shower – give gifts to someone about to get married∙Appetizer – food or drink served before a meal∙Sensing a lull – realizing that there is a period of calm∙Running errands – doing daily personal tasks outside the home (like going to the grocery store)∙The big house – Jail or prison∙Sleep it off – Sleep off being drunk∙Dry house – House with no alcohol∙She should have lawyered up – She should have gotten a lawyer Proverb∙ A chain is only as strong as its weakest link -The shortcomings of the individual affect the ability of the group.∙ A fool thinks he needs no advice, but a wise man listens to others - Foolish people believe they already know everything and they do not need to listen to the advice of other people.∙ A heart at peace brings life to the body, but envy rots the bones -If you are at peace with everyone, then you will be healthy and happy; however, if you are jealous of someone, then you will not have health or happiness.∙ A kindhearted woman gains respect, but ruthless men only gain wealth -People think well of those who are kind and favor them, but a person who will do anything to profit himself finds he is lonely having only money.∙ A man’s pride brings him low, but a man of lowly spirit gains honor - When a man believes he is better than others and is full of pride, he will soon find himself humbled before others. However, a person who is humble will in time, be given honor for his love of something else besides himself.∙You can’t teach an old dog new tricks -It is easier for a young person to learn something new than it is for an older person.Idiom∙As sharp as a tackVery intelligent∙All decked outTo be dressed in special clothes∙To be too hard on ‘emTo treat harshly∙Brown-noserA person who’s constantly trying to win favor with people above them such as teachers or bosses.∙Cat got your tongue?You can’t talk.∙ChickenAfraid, scared∙Cream of the cropThe best of a group∙Cup of teaA type of person or thing that one generally likes or dislikes.∙Dime a dozenSo plentiful as to be nothing special; common∙Don’t mention it!You’re welcome∙DuhOf course∙Full of oneselfTo think too much of oneselfAmerican Way∙The main reason the early settlers came to the North American Continent and established colonies was because they wanted to be free from the power of kings, priests, and noblemen.∙There are no titles of nobility in the United States today because they are forbidden by the Constitution.∙The price that Americans pay for their individual freedom is hard work.∙The American belief in self-reliance means that people must take care of themselves and be independent or risk losing their personalfreedom.∙The American belief in equality of opportunity means that everyone should have an equal chance to succeed.∙In the United States, learning to compete successfully is part of growing up∙Traditionally, immigrants have been able to raise their standard of living by coming to the United States because there have been suchabundant natural resources.∙Americans see their material possessions as the natural reward for their hard work.∙ A belief in the value of hard work developed because it was necessary to work hard to convert national resources into material goods.∙In reality, such American ideals as equality of opportunity and self-reliance are only partly carried out in real life but are still importantbecause people believe in them.∙What is personal space? How close people stand when they are speaking to one another, how close they sit, how they behave onelevators, and so on.American Culture Quiz∙People usually give tips to taxi drivers.∙Brunch is most often eaten on Sundays.∙At a cinema people often eat popcorn.∙Many people think the number 13 brings bad luck.∙NBC, CBS, and ABC are all television stations.∙When a teacher enters the class, the students look up.∙On TV there are no advertisements for cigarettes.∙ A movie rated "G" means the movie can be watched by everyone.∙Dustin Hoffman, Clint Eastwood, and Sylvester Stallone are famous actors.∙In the United States the date June 20, 1991 is usually written 6/20/91 ∙Americans eat the biggest meal at dinner.∙The average working hours every week for a worker is 40 hours.∙ A man over six feet tall in America is tall.∙The second most widely used language is Spanish.∙If you write a letter to a husband and wife, you should address it to Mr.and Mrs. Mike Williams.∙If your high school teacher is named John Smith, you should call him Mr. Smith.∙Your zip code is part of your address.∙You can bargain in most stores never.∙Americans don’t like April 15 because it's the day they must pay taxes. ∙ A man uses "Jr." after his name if he has the same name as his father. ∙Many families do what before they eat? pray∙An Indian summer occurs in fall.∙At a garage sale you can buy all kinds of used things.∙ A senior citizen is a person over 65 years old.∙Americans often eat raw vegetables.。
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Part 1. Name the authors and literary forms of the following works
1.Elegy written in a country churchyard 2.A tale of a tub 3.The Faerie Queen 4.Lycidas 5.The tempest 6.She stoops to conquer 7.The house of fame 8.The history of Tom Jones, Foundling
1. Sonnet
2. 3. 4. 5. Renaissance Enlightenment Ballad Metaphysical poets
Part 3. Identify the authors , titles of poem and explain the main ideas
So long as men can breathe or eye can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee
9. Of studies 10. Robinson Crusoe 11.valediction: a forbidding mourning 12. The school of scandal
Part 2. Define or explain 3 of the following literary terms
To be or not to be—that is the question; Whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune Or take arms against a sea of troubles And by opposing end them….
Part 4. choose two of the authors and make comments.
• Henry Fห้องสมุดไป่ตู้elding • John Milton • William Shakespeare • Robert Burns
Till a’ the seas gang dry, my dear And the rocks melt wi’ the sun I will luve thee still, my dear While the sands o’life shall run
But we by a love so much refined, That our selves know not what it is Inter-assured of the mind Careless eyes,lips and hands to miss