上海十三校高三英语模拟试卷
上海市2022-2023学年高三模拟考试英语试卷(3)
上海市2022-2023学年高三模拟考试英语试卷(3)一、听力选择题1. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．What food to order.B．Where to buy food.C．How to cook food.2. What does the woman want to do?A．Cancel the party.B．Slow down.C．Be quick.3.A．He has taken a course in Russian opera.B．He has learned some Russian words in the opera.C．He enjoys seeing the opera even though it is in Russian.D．He does not understand why students are required to perform an opera in Russian.4. 听下面句子。
从所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出你所听到的单词或短语。
A．potential B．powerful C．practical5.A．The man hasn’t finished the bookshelf.B．The bookshelf is hard to make.C．It’s likely that the man has lost the tools.D．The man hates to lend tools to others.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A．Classmates.B．Fellow workers.C．Teacher and student.2. What did John Adams start the nonprofit for?A．Helping other teenagers.B．Rescuing animals in danger.C．Spreading scientific knowledge.3. Why does the man want to know more about John Adams?A．To prepare for schoolwork.B．To follow in his footsteps.C．To write a book about heroes.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
上海市十三校高三英语第一次联考试题
上海十三校2015届高三调研考英语试卷第I 卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. $30. B. $13. C. $35. D. $60.2. A. In the florist’s. B. In the post office. C. In a bakery. D. Ata fruit stand.3. A. Sorry. B. Annoyed. C. Disappointed. D. Surprised.4. A. Secretary and boss. B. Student and teacher.C. Patient and nurse.D. Customer and waitress.5. A. A bus driver. B. An airline ticket agent.C. A post office clerk.D. A department store salesperson.6. A. To go to a physical club. B. To work in the office.C. To sleep in bed.D. To go shopping.7. A. Jim looks nice in his new shirt. B. Jim looks nicer in his old shirt.C. Jim does not look nice in his old shirt.D. Jim isn’t well-dressed.8. A. He can teach her that program. B. He is going to ask Dick for help.C. He's busier than Dick.D. He taught himself that program.9. A. The man can speak German. B. The man knows nothing about German.C. The man can read in German.D. The man knows both English and German.10. A. She doesn’t like the get-together. B. The man has told her about the get-together.C. She is ignorant of the get-together.D. A get-together will be held next weekend.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They could be used everywhere. B. Customers had to pay for things in full.C. They were very popular before the 1920s.D. Everyone could get this kind of credit card.12. A. Because this card could be used at many shops.B. Because they could pay for things a little at a time.C. Because they could spend more money with credit card.D. Because they didn't need to carry a lot of cash with them.13. A. Part of the development of credit cards. B. How to use credit cards.C. How credit cards help businessmen.D. The number of credit card users.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Exactly during the explosion. B. When the plane was full of smoke.C. When the engines were turned off.D. Before the engines sounded scary.15. A. Never to put off anything in life. B. To reach out to people around.C. To see his daughter grow up.D. To be a good father.16. A. An emergency crash-landing guide. B. A speech on one’s air t ravel experience.C. An introduction of an adventure novel.D. A safety training for air passengers.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: A fter reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Sports is both my work and lifeAmong various events organized by our company, the marathon impresses me most. The most unforgettable scene happened in my first year of work, (25) ______ I witnessed a silver-haired man in his 80s walk slowly toward the finishing line accompanied by two nurses. It was at that moment (26) ______ I was deeply moved. I realized (27) ______ marathon spirit stands for --- perseverance, willpower, self-proving and self-breakthrough.I took part in the Nike Women's Half Marathon in Washington DC this year. It was my first half marathon. (28) ______ ______ I passed over the bridge, runners from the opposite direction gave me high fives with an unspoken understanding, allowing me to forget fatigue and regain energy instantly.There were many times when I wanted to quit. But runners around me, as well as the spectators along the road, always encouraged me. In the last 500 meters, (29) ______ (feel) sick in the stomach because of the cold wind, I slowed my pace and intended to walk. A woman shouted at me: "Hey, you are almost there. Come on girl! You're doing a great job." What amazing power (30) ______ words had! I started to run again. And finally I made it.Running is flesh-and-blood and not just mechanical movements. Thus, I can’t help but (31) ______ (become) more considerate about runners when organizing races. I wish to create a far (32) ______ (favorable) running environment, offer better services and help them achieve the results they expect, happily, conveniently and comfortably.(B)Photo hacking: sex crimeOscar winner Jennifer Lawrence, one of dozens of actresses, models and celebrities whose images have been posted online, spoke about the photo hacking scandal for the first time on Tuesday, saying it is a crime and sexual violation.In an interview with Vanity Fair magazine, Lawrence, 24, said she was frightened after the photos was released last month and worried about the impact it would have (33) ______ her career."Just because I'm an actress and public figure, does not mean that I asked for this." Lawrence, (34)______ won a best actress Academy Award, told the magazine. The star said she considered (35)______ (write) an apology but had been in a loving, four-year relationship and realized she had nothing to say sorry for."It's not a scandal," she said. "It's a sexual violation. The law needs to be changed, (36) ______ it?"Lawrence had been dating British actor Nicholas Hoult but the couple are reported (37) ______ (split up) last summer.Photos of Lawrence, model Kate Upton, actress Kirsten Dunst and other women had apparently been hacked from individual iCloud accounts and were uploaded to the image-sharing forum 4chan.The FBI said it was aware of the release of the photos and (38) ______ (address) the matter. Apple Inc admitted that certain celebrity accounts (39) ______ (offend), but the company said none of the cases (40)______ (investigate) were due to any breach (违反) in Apple's systems including iCloud or Find My iPhone.The iCloud system lets users store photos and other content and to access it from any Apple device.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill: the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often41 to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be 42 to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning43 , he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new thingsfor himself.Parents 44 greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be 45strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed 46 the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness.As regards the development of 47 standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and 48 it the next day is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realizethat "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach(说教), their children may grow confused, and 49 insecure whenthey grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.A sudden 50 of a marked difference between their parents' principles andtheir morals can be a dangerous disappointment.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In modern society loneliness can be seen as a social phenomenon and people can experience loneliness for many reasons. It is a very common, though normally temporary, 51 of a breakup, divorce, or loss of any important long-term relationship. In these cases, loneliness may result both from the loss of a specific person and fromthe withdrawal from social circles.The loss of a significant person in one's lifewill typically initiate a(n) 52 response; in this situation, one might feel lonely, even while in the company of others.Loneliness may also result from any socially disruptive (破裂的) event, such as moving from one's home town into 53 communities leading to homesickness. Loneliness can also occur in places with low population densities in which there are comparatively few people to 54 .There are many different ways used to 55 loneliness. The first step that most doctors recommend to patients is therapy. Short term therapy typically occursover a period of ten to twenty weeks. During therapy, emphasis is put on understandingthe cause of the problem, 56 the negative thoughts, feelings, and attitudes resulting from the problem, and exploring ways to help the patient feel connected. Some doctors also recommend 57 therapy as a means to connect with other sufferers and establish a support system. It may take several attempts before a suitable anti-depressant medication is found. Some patients may also develop a resistance to a certain type of medication and need to 58periodically.Another treatment is animal-assisted therapy. Studies and surveys indicate thatthe presence of animal companions such as dogs, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs can 59 feelings of loneliness or depression among some sufferers. Beyond the companionship the animal itself provides there may also be increased opportunitiesfor 60 with other pet owners. According to the Centers for Disease Controland Prevention there are a number of other health benefits associated with pet ownership, such as lowered blood pressure. In addition, some other alternative approaches may include exercise, dieting, etc, which many patients find have a 61 effect on relieving symptoms. Results of a study also suggest that correcting maladaptive social cognition(认知) offers the best chance of 62 loneliness.Nevertheless, loneliness can sometimes play an important role in the 63 process. In some people, temporary or prolonged loneliness can lead to notable artistic and creative expression, for example, as was the case with poet Emily Dickinson, and numerous musicians. This is not to imply that loneliness itself ensuresthis creativity, 64 , it may have an influence on the subject matter of the artist and more likely be present in individuals 65 creative activities.51. A. type B. concern C. consequenceD. evidence52. A. grief B. emotion C. offence D. horror53. A. informal B. uncertain C. relevant D. unfamiliar54. A. turn to B. interact with C. long forD. share with55. A. release B. observe C. monitor D. treat56. A. reversing B. directing C. measuring D. pursuing57. A. long-term B. sightseeing C. patientD. group58. A. quit B. evolve C. switch D.exercise59. A. confirm B. protest C. enhance D.ease60. A. socializing B. interfering C. comparingD. coping61. A. historic B. restorative C. decisive D. permanent62. A. promoting B. enhancing C. reducing D. striving63. A. creative B. musical C. artistic D.poetic64. A. however B. therefore C. rather D. otherwise65. A. restricted to B. engaged in C. concerned aboutD. altered bySection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.（A）Chimpanzees, long considered reluctant to share, apparently can display selfless tendencies, revealing one more key way our closest living relatives are like humans, scientists find. These findings could shed light on the evolution of altruism in humans.Previously, a belief was widely held that human altruism evolved only after humans split from their ape cousins about 6 million years ago. In recent years, however, research has revealed just how much chimpanzees have in common with us. They can hunt with spears, play with dolls and mourn their partners’ death."Most of the earlier studies had presented the apes with a complex implement that helped them deliver food to themselves or others, often so complicated that the experiments tested tool skills rather than social tendencies," De Waal told Live Science. "Ours is the first study that uses no such implement at all."In addition to using complex food-delivery systems, past experiments often placed the chimpanzees so far apart that they might not have realized how their actions benefited others. In these new, simplified experiments, two apes were housed next to each other with a screen through which they could see each other. Then, one chimpanzee had to choose between two differently colored tokens (币) from a bin, one of which represented a pro-social(亲社会的) option, the other a selfish option. The pro-social option would cause both chimpanzees to receive a piece of banana wrapped in paper. The selfish option only rewarded the ape who made the choice.In a study with seven adult female chimps placed into various pairs, the scientists found all the apes showed a definite preference for the pro-social option. "For me, the most important finding is that like us, chimpanzees take into account the needs and wishes of others," researcher Victoria Horner, said.The chimpanzees behaved especially altruistically toward partners who either patiently waited or gently reminded them that they were there by drawing attention to themselves. They were less likely to reward partners who pressured through making a fuss, begging persistently or spitting water at them. This is opposite to a long-standing view that the chimpanzees only share food under pressure.66. The word " altruism " (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to ______.A. selflessnessB. selfishnessC. willingnessD. reluctance67. Recent researches are performed with less complicated implements mainly to ______.A. test chimps’ social tendencies instead of tool skillsB. see whether chimps are willing to share food with othersC. find out if chimps are likely to reward partnersD. show that chimps are only good at using implements68. What can be learned from the passage?A. Chimps are usually unwilling to share.B. Chimps take others’ needs and wishes into consideration.C. It is more likely that chimps will reward partners who give them pressure.D. Human altruism evolved only after humans separated from their ape relatives.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Evolution History of Altruism in HumansB. Similarities between Chimps and MankindC. Chimps Do Show Selfless BehaviorD. Chimps Only Share Food under Pressure(B)The Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (HPBMB) is offered to mature high school seniors with strong academic ability and achievement who seek careers in biological or biomedical science. Students can earn both a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) and a Doctor of Philosophy Degree (Ph.D.) in approximately 6 years.Applicants to the Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology must bein their last year of high school.Undergraduates will have the opportunity to work with top-level research scientists in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and also in clinical laboratories with scientists that are associated with the department. They will conduct intensive laboratory work in the areas of biochemistry, molecular biology or nutritional biochemistry starting in the summer before their first fall semester starts. By spring of their junior year, students will prepare an undergraduate thesis as preparation for their entry into graduate school. At that time they will start taking graduate courses and continue to do research with a graduate faculty member.To be considered students must:●have a combined SAT I score of 1400 (combined Math and CriticalReading scores)●meet the SAT II score requirement of at least 600 in Math, and onescience (Biology, Chemistry or Physics)●have completed eight semesters of English and mathematics and twosemesters each of biology and chemistry by the time they graduate from highschool●complete all components of your Common Application forundergraduate admission by November 1 of your senior year●complete a supplemental application form for the Honors Program inBiochemistry & Molecular Biologyinclude a counselor recommendation, three letters ofrecommendation from teachers in support of your application to the HonorsProgram and a personal statementSend all Dual Admission Honors Program application materials to:Dual Admission Honors ProgramsOffice of AdmissionUniversity of MiamiP.O. Box 248025Coral Gables, FL 33124-4616Fax number: (513) 529-7592 (513) 529-1950For more information on the HPBMB, contact:Dr. Thomas K. HarrisDirector, Undergraduate and Medical EducationBiochemistry and Molecular BiologyOffice: Gautier Building, Room 111Phone: 305-243-3358E-Mail: tkharris@70. We can learn from the passage that______.A. Grade one students in a high school can apply for the programB. i t’s possible for graduates to obtain both a bachelor’s degree and a doctor’sdegreeC. graduates are promised to have a chance to work with top biomedical scientistsD. a thesis is not necessary if an undergraduate wants to go to graduate school71. Which of the following is an unnecessary requirement for application?A. A combined SAT I score of 1400.B. A combined SAT II score of 600 in Math and one science.C. Three letters of recommendation from his teachers.D. A letter of recommendation from the principal.72. What's the purpose of this passage?A. To tell the students how to learn well in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology.B. To introdu ce a very famous university “University of Miami”.C. To attract excellent high school graduates to apply for the Honors Program.D. To give information on how to contact Director of the Honors Program.73. If an applicant wants more information, he can contact Director of the HonorsProgram except ______.A. by phoneB. in personC. by e-mailD. by fax(C)Exercise may help to safeguard the mind against depression through previouslyunknown effects on working muscles, according to a new study involving mice.Mental health experts have long been aware that even mild, repeated stress cancontribute to the development of depression and other mood disorders in animals andpeople. Scientists have also known that exercise seems to cushion against depression.But precisely how exercise, a physical activity can lessen someone’s risk for depression, a mood state, has been mysterious. So for the new study, researchers at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm studied the brains and behavior of mice in a complicated and novel fashion.We can’t ask mice if they are feeling cheerful or in low spirits. Instead, researchers have pictured certain behaviors that indicate depression in mice. If animals lose weight, stop seeking out a sugar solution when it’s available —because, probably, they no longer experience normal pleasures — or give up trying to escape from the cold-water zone just freeze in place, they are categorized as depressed. And in the new experiment, after five weeks of frequent but low-level stress, such as being lightly shocked, mice displayed exactly those behaviors. They became depressed.The scientists could then have tested whether exercise blunts (延缓) the risk of developing depression after stress by having mice run first. But, frankly, from earlier research, they wanted to know how, so they bred pre-exercised mice. A wealth of earlier research by these scientists and others had shown that aerobic exercise, in both mice and people, increases the production within muscles of an enzyme (酶) called PGC-1alpha. The Karolinska scientists suspected that this enzyme somehow creates conditions within the body that protect the brain against depression. Then, the scientists exposed the animals, which without exercising, were in high levels of PGC-1alpha to five weeks of mild stress. The mice responded with slight symptoms of worry. But they did not develop depression. They continued to seek out sugar and fought to get out of the cold-water zone. Their high levels of PGC-1alpha appeared to make them depression-resistant. Finally, to ensure that these findings are relevant to people, the researchers had a group of adult volunteers complete three weeks of frequent endurance training, consisting of 40 to 50 minutes of moderate cycling or jogging. The scientists conducted muscle biopsies (活体检查) before and after the program and found that by the end of the three weeks, the volunteers’ muscle cells contained substantially more PGC-1alpha than at the study’s start.The finding of these results, in the simplest terms, is that “you reduce the risk of getting depression when you exercise,” said Maria Lindskog, a researcher at the Karolinska Institute.74. The researchers at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm conducted the new studyhoping to know______.A. if exercise cushions against depressionB. what can lead to depression in animals and peopleC. if stress can contribute to the development of depressionD. how exerc ise contributes to reducing someone’s risk for depression75. We can infer from the new experiment conducted by researchers at the KarolinskaInstitute that mice are depressed except when ______.A. they stand still in placeB. they stop searching for the sugar waterC. they attempt to escape from the cold-water zoneD. they can’t experience normal pleasures any longer76. Researchers asked a group of adult volunteers to complete three weeks of frequentendurance training in order to ______.A. know if exercise can help to safeguard the mind against depressionB. know if they can endure 40 to 50 minutes of moderate cycling or joggingC. confirm the findings above are also relevant to peopleD. ensure they can lose weight after moderate cycling or jogging77. It can be concluded from the passage that______.A. the enzyme called PGC-1alpha helps to ease depressionB. athletes are more likely to develop depression than ordinary peopleC. the mice with high levels of PGC-1alpha are easier to develop depressionD. in the past mental health specialists didn’t know exercise could help reduce depressionSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.By 2050, half of the world’s p opulation will reside（居住）in the tropics—the relatively warm belt that circles the globe—according to State of the Tropics, a report released today. Rapid population growth, along with economic growth, means that the region’s influence will grow in coming decades, the authors o f the 500-page work predict.The project, initially launched in 2011, aimed to answer one significant question: Is life in the tropics improving? To find out, the researchers analyzed environmental, social, and economic indicators collected over 6 decades. It finds that the region has made “extraordinary progress” in many areas. For example, there’s been a 14% increase in the proportion of the population with access to safe drinking water, and the number of protected areas is increasing. The tropics also have outperformed (胜过) the rest of the world in economic growth over the past 30 years; it now represents approximately 18.7% of global economic activity, up from 14.5% in 1980.Nevertheless, some challenges remain. Investment in research and development, for example, has increased modestly, but tropical nations still invest less than the rest of the world. “As a proportion of GDP the Rest of the World invests almost four times as much in research and development than the Tropics,” concludes the report.The report also includes a new analysis of how climate change will affect the region. Many plant and animal species are moving poleward in an attempt to stay within their preferred environmental conditions in the tropics, the authors write. However, some organisms may not be able to keep pace with the changing conditions, they predict. As a result, they can experience population declines or go extinct.In addition, an expanded tropical zone also threatens health and safety issues, the authors warn. As regions become more suitable to insects such as mosquitoes and ticks, the prevalence of insect-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, and Lyme disease could rise, causing a burden to human health and the economy.Bruna, a researcher, says he sees a lot to be con cerned about in the report. “While we’ve made incredible advances in some areas, I think the risks for the tropics that are highlighted in this report are things that we really need to be concerned about.”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. The growth of both __________ displays that the influence of the tropics will increase in the future.79. What was the original purpose of the project State of the Tropics?80. According to the report, some organisms can experience population drop and extinction because of their __________.81. An expanded tropical zone will threaten health and safety issues; apart from that, what are the other existing challenges mentioned in the passage?第II卷 (共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 你今晚能去参加李教授的讲座吗? (likely)2. 各国科学家正加强合作，寻求节能的有效方法。
上海十三校高三英语模拟试卷
上海市13校联合体2011届高三年级12月联合考试英语试卷第Ⅰ卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirection: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Each conversation and question will be spoken only one. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．A．A waiter. B．A conductor.C．A booking clerk. D．A shop assistant.2．A．A boss and a salesgirl. B．A teacher and his student.C．A professor and his assistant. D．An assistant and his customer.3．A．He didn’t sleep well last night. B．He is going to play a game.C．He is lying in bed. D．He had a sleep problem.4．A．In the bookstore. B．By the window.C．In the restaurant. D．By the window.5．A．Even if she is a messenger, she doesn’t help the man.B．She doesn’t know Mike, so she can’t give the note to him.C．She’s not willing to help the man to give the note to Mike.D．She has lots of messages to send.6．A．The golf tournament made it famous.B．It’s grown a lot lately.C．It can’t be found without a map.D．Very few people there play golf.7．A．She’s only heard it a few times.B．She doesn’t get to listen to it very often.C．She once liked it, but she’s heard enough.D．She enjoys it very much.8．A．If his name sounds familiar. B．If she’s spoken to him on the phone.C．If he’s a musician. D．If she likes his name.9．A．He doesn’t mind the traffic.B．He takes the bus to school.C．He has to stand on the bus if he takes it to school.D．He wants to ride to school with the woman.10．A．At 18:00. B．At 16:00. C．At 19:00. D．At 17:00.Section BDirection:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11．A．They watch TV too often.B．They have done too much homework.C．They have to fulfil too many duties.D．Teachers are too strict with them.12．A．On learning Latin.B．On discipline.C．On natural development.D．On education at school.13．A．Parents should leave their children alone.B．Kids should have more activities at school.C．It’s time to be more strict with our kids.D．Parents should always set a good example to their kids.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passages.14．A．Searched for missiles.B．Searched for nuclear materials.C．Searched for missiles and chemical weapons.D．Attacked the people there.15．A．A year. B．Two weeks. C．Two months. D．Two years.16．A．Turkey. B．USA.C．UN. D．Germany and the Netherlands.Section ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25．The sign on the door reads: ―In case of fire, break the glass and push red button.‖A．不填, a B．不填, the C．the, the D．a, a26．--- How’s your new job, Tom? I remember when it was that you started it.--- I started it half a year ago.A．shouldn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t27．The range discount cars issued by Golf Corps are still being honored, but are being sold.A．none B．nothing C．neither D．no28．He last weekend, didn’t he?A．didn’t do anything B．did nothingC．hardly did anything D．filed to do anything29．The guard neglected his duty, and thus himself the job.A．costed B．have costed C．costing D．cost30．How to protect children web fans from unsuitable material on – line while encouraging them to use the Internet in many parts of the world.A．have lone been discussed B．has long been discussedC．were long been discussed D．was long been discussed31．--- Do the Alberts live next door to you?--- No, but they .A．used to B．used to be C．used to do D．used to be done32．my eyes when I began to imagine the most fantastic shapes in China’s Got Talent.A．Not until I closed B．No sooner had I closedC．Hardly did I close D．Scarcely had I closed33．Ideally in Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park Hotel is a favourite with many guests.A．locating B．locatedC．having been located D．being located34．Such an educational program can teach us how to make positive choices when with personal conflicts.A．to face B．facing C．faced D．having faced35．--- What is it that made Peter so happy and excited?--- a volunteer for Shanghai 2010 World Expo.A．To choose B．Because chosen C．Being chosen D．Having chosen36．All the neighbors admire the family the parents are treating their child like a friend.A．why B．where C．that D．which37．Bill Bank stayed in Pyramid Hotel he was in Cairo.A．the last time B．last time C．a last time D．for the last time38．Having been attacked by the terrorists, .3940lack of funding and appropriate protection 41 A. facilities , the fossils were beginning to weather and oxidize. If the situation 42 B. continues , these fossils will become 43 F. nothing but a pile of dust. In a showroom without any temperature or humidity-setting facilities, the fossils are 44 C. scattered in and around a sand pan, 45 E. covered with thick dust. Most of the collection is a 20 – metre – long, five – metre – high skeleton believed to have existed in the late Cretacuous period, when dinosaurs began to become 46 H. ext inct . It is rare 47 D. for anywhere in the world. It took five years to unearth and clean up the skeleton, and 70 percent of thebones where found and pieced together. It’s a pity that the 48 G. precio us skeleton could not be 49 I. displayed or made available for research as there were no exhibition halls or protection facilities. The local government has begun to take notice of the problem. Recently experts and local officials have sat together to discuss the possibility of raising funds to build a provincial nature museum.reading skill greatly improved after some training. 63 Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute before the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can 64 a lot more reading material in a short period of time.50．A．applying B．doing C．offering D．getting51．A．good B．eager C．poor D．urgent53．A．lies B．combines C．touches D．involves54．A．some B．a lot C．little D．dull55．A．Fortunately B．In fact C．Logically D．Unfortunately56．A．reuse B．reread C．rewrite D．recite57．A．scales B．cuts C．slows D．measures 58．A．accelerator B．actor C．applicator D．observer59．A．then B．as C．beyond D．than60．A．enabling B．leading C．making D．indicating61．A．meaning B．comprehension C．content D．regression62．A．but B．nor C．or D．for63．A．Look at B．Take C．Make D．Consider64．A．master B．go over C．present D．get throughSection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AAfter numerous false starts and broken promises, and nearly 184m gallons of crude oil gushed into the ecologically rich waters of the Gulf of Mexico, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill was at last brought under control on July 16. So far, both the long – term effects of the oil spill have been studied comprehensively.According to the report by Friends of the Earth US, in the 85 days of the leak, 1,387 birds, 444 sea turtles, and 53 mammals were found dead in the Gulf. Nonetheless, the damage yet to be revealed will be far worse than a few dead birds and tar balls along 500 miles of coast. Dolphins, whale sharks and sea turtles numbers will almost certainly have been hit hard, and some populations may not ecover for years. Fish and shrimp – breeding habitats will have been hit. Deep coral ceefs, which can take centuries to grow, may also have been affected.The oil that gushed also added to natural oil and gas leaks into Gulf waters. These occur all the time from the sea bed, and the US Department of Energy estimates that there may be 5,000 active ―seeps‖ in the northern Gulf alone. One researcher calculated in 2000 that 500,000 barrels of oil-84m gallons-naturally gets into the Gulf each year, but is nevercleaned up.The Gulf is also heavily polluted by nitrogen（氮）and phosphorus（磷）from fertilisers and livestock waste washed down the vast Mississippi river from farms and industry. Every year, a massive oxygen-starved region known as the "dead zone" develops off the coast of Louisiana in whi ch nothing can live. Last month, the US government’s National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) said it expected this year’s "zone" to be between 6,500 and 7,800 square miles, the 10th largest ever. No one knows yet how the oil spill may affect it.Fish will have suffered, but paradoxically the US government’s decision to ban commercial fishing from 88,000 sq miles of the Gulf during the clean-up in order to safeguard human health could actually help regenerate depleted fish stocks. The Gulf is one of the most overfished seas in the world, with many species in serious decline and some fisheries near collapse.One wild card yet to be played is a major hurricane tearing through the Gulf of Mexico, Rough seas will hamper (防碍)efforts to finally seal the well and clean up the oil. The associated storm surges could also drive oil over barriers and further onto coastal land and into sensitive habitats. But the raging（狂暴的）of a storm could also break up the oil slick（浮油）, allowing the bacteria that break it down to act more rapidly.65．Fish and shrimp-breeding habitats will have been hit. Deep coral reefs, which can take centuries to grow, may also have been affected. The word habitats means .A．places under water B．natural homes of plants and animalsC．some animals’ habits D．special places of interest66．Nonetheless, the damage yet to be revealed will be far worse than a few dead birds and tar balls along 500 miles of coast. The underlined words refer to .A．that will be revealed later B．that has already been revealedC．that needs revealing D．that is been showing67．The incident of natural oil and gas leaks into the Gulf of Mexico mainly involves the interests of .A．the U. S. B．MexicoC．Britain D．the U. S. and BritainBClearly if we are to participate in the society in which we live, we must communicate with other people. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-to-person basis by the simple means of speech. If we travel in buses，buy things in shops，or eat in restaurants，we are likely to have conversations where we give information or opinions，receive news or comment，and very likely have our views challenged by other members of society.Face to face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during the last two hundred years the art of mass communication has become one of the dominating factors of contemporary society. Two things，above others，have caused the enormous growth of the communication industry. Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances imprinting，telecommunications photography，radio and television. Secondly，speed has revolutionized the transmission（传输）and reception of communications so that local news often takes a back seat to national news，which itself is often almost eclipsed by international news.No longer is the possession of information confined to a privileged minority. In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate，but today there are public libraries. For years ago people used to flock to the cinema，but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a programme that is being channeled into millions of homes.Communication is no longer merely concerned with the transmission of information. The modem communication industry influences the way people live in society and broadens their horizons by allowing access to information，education and entertainment. The printing，broadcasting and advertising industries are all involved with informing，educating and entertaining.Although a great deal of the material communicated by the mass media is very valuable to the individual and to the society of which he is part，the vast modem network of communications is open to abuse（滥用）. However，the mass media are with us for better，for worse，and there is no turning back.68．In the first paragraph the writer emphasizes the of face-to-face contact in social setting.A．nature B．limitation C．creativity D．usefulness69．It is implied in the passage that .A．local news used to be the only source of informationB．local news still takes a significant placeC．national news is becoming more popularD．international news is the fastest transmitted news70．Which of the following statements is NOT true?A．To possess information used to be a privilege.C．Communication means more than transmission.D．In formation influences ways of life and thinking.71．From the last paragraph we can infer that the writer is .A．indifferent to the harmful influence of the mass mediaB．happy about the flexible changes in the mass mediaC．pessimistic about the future of the mass mediaD．concerned about the wrong use of the mass mediaCPsychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to ―think and concentrate‖. Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived of cigarettes through a series of tests.In the first test, each subject sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and non-smokers performed equally well.The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁), active smokers were faster than deprived smokers.In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details.“As our tests became more complex,”sums up Spilich, “non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins”He predicts, “smokers might perform adequately at many jobs-until they got complicated.A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity.‖72．What is the purpose of Spilich’s experiment?A．To test if smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers.B．To see whether smoking helps people’s short-term memory.C．To prove that smoking affects people’s regular performance.D．To show how smoking damages people’s regular performance.73．The underlined word ―bested‖ mostly means .A．beat B．enviedC．caught up with D．made the best of74．Which of the following statements is true?A．Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.B．Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.C．Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.D．Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.75．What can we infer from the last paragraph?A．Smokers should not expect to become airline pilots.B．Smoking in emergency cases causes mental illness.C．No airline pilots smoke during flights.D．Smokers may prove unequal to non-smokers in handling emergency cases.Section CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.E．Major Films Produced in Hollywood76. A．Hollywood-a Place Associated with Film and TVThe words film and television are the first to be associated with the place Hollywood. A district in Lost Angeles in the western United States, Hollywood pretty much shows what the American film and television industry is all about. The many functions that are required to make a film product can all happen in this one location. This includes filmingin studios, film editing, post-production and even casting of actors.77. D．Hollywood, where Actors Begin Their DreamsHollywood is every actor’s dream. It has given fame and fortune to many names and faces for almost a century. The place has produced hundreds of hit movies, making it the movie capital of the world. This is one of the reasons why many aspiring actors across America try their luck out in Hollywood. They gain quite a decent living by acting for films and various television shows that are produced there.78. F．How the American Movie Industry Was BornThe name Hollywood was already existent long before it became famous as a movie powerhouse. In fact, Hollywood wouldn’t be what it is if it wasn’t for a small troop of actors that ventured into it in 1910. The place was a small village just north of Los Angeles. The very first movie to be filmed there was In Old California. After rumors（谣言）spread out that California was such a great place to shoot movies, directors from all over America began to bring their projects out west into Hollywood.79. B．Famous Film Factories in HollywoodToday, most motion picture productions still happen in and about Hollywood. But major picture houses have had to build their properties in other places surrounding Hollywood because of the lack of real estate（地产）. At present, the only studio left within the limits of Hollywood is Paramount Studios. Other landmarks that can be found are the Kodak Theater and the Hollywood Hotel, which is now home to the famous Oscars. The famous Hollywood Walk of Fame can also be found there.80 C．Other Entertainment Businesses in HollywoodAside from being the film industry’s powerhouse in movie-making and television programming, Hollywood is also home to many venues and theaters that host award shows like the Academy Awards. It is popular among tourists and is known for having one of the best nightlife recreation facilities in the world. Music studios have also set up their businesses in Hollywood.Section DDirections:Read the following passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.You’re lost in the world of dreams while sleeping. You roll over, smiling as you encounter a swimming pool filled with chocolate. And then your wonderful dream becomes a nightmare where someone is screaming ―CET UP!‖—This is just what every teenager goes through each morning!Now, there seems to be one school that finally understands that requiring teens to show up at 9:00 a. m. is cruel to both the kids and the school. The Monkseaton High School in Britain recently did an experiment to see if there was any difference in student behavior if they just pouched back the start of their day by one hour, from 9:0 a. m. to 10:00 a. m. And the results are astonishing. Since using the later start, Monkseaton has seen higher test scores. One of the reasons, of course, is that the teenagers are much happier to have the extra hour of sleep, but there is also a scientific reason behind why they need the extra sleep.The school’s decision to push back the time was based on research conducted by Oxford professor Russell Foster. He concluded that teenagers have different sleep cycles from adults. That is to say, teenagers go to bed late and wake up last. While adults are alert and ready at 8 a. m., teenagers are not fully awake, until 10 a. m., sometimes even noon. Memory tests prove that the more difficult classes should be in the afternoon when teenagers are most alert.Teachers may argue that their students perform better in the morning. But in reality it is because in the morning their students are still sleepy, and are easier to control. By lunch, teachers are exhausted and kids are ready to go giving the impression that students lose concentration over the day.The Monkseaton school officials are definitely encouraged by the results and plan on voting in June to make it a permanent change. Now if only the rest of the high schools in the world would follow their example, and allow all teens to get some extra zzzz’s. personally, as a tired sixteen-year-old, a late start would help me and my chemistry grade rise. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 13 WORDS.)81．The Monkseaton High School did the research to see .82．What does the ―scientific reason‖ in Paragraph 2 refer to? .83．Memory tests show that teenagers are most in the afternoon.84．Why do children seem to perform better in the mooring? .第Ⅱ卷I. Translation:Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.1．千万不要在阳光下晒得太久，否则你的皮肤会晒伤。
上海高考英语模拟题附详细答案共22页文档
高三英语试题1II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)American parents usually think that their child （25） have less pocket money than the children whom he often connects with even if they are wealthier. And they don’t expect their child ren to compare with the richer if some conditions make （26） impossible for the children to get the same pocket money （27） the children in the neighborhood.The pocket money is not controlled by the parents, because a child can learn to use money correctly （28） dealing with it himself. If a 7 –year –old child gets one dollar as a week pocket money and is made to put it all in his piggy bank to save it up, he can’t know （29） the real use for the money is. The children can use part of his pocket money to buy something he especially wants. By the time he is eight, he is old enough that parents can take thechild to the bank, （30）（open）a saving account for him, and encourage him to put a certain amount of his pocket money into the bank and watch his bank savings grow as entry by entry （存入）is made. He will be saving, earning, and spending suitable quantities all along in order to learn how （31）（manage） money and to keep him in a favorable position with his friends. If a boy can’t join his fellow s in a sweet shop once in a while because he has to save every cent he gets or earns for some big unknown project his parents have chosen for him, he is a sorry child.（B）Have you ever lain in the sun, ___(32) (enjoy) the entertainment of reading a newspaper? Have you ever sat in an underground railway, killing your boring time by turning a newspaper? If you have made it, there is no doubt_ (33)__you may not deny the importance of newspapers as a popular medium.Newspapers provide us with great convenience. (34) the electric media like televisions and computers offers us another way to obtain information, their generation by electricity limits their uses indoors. On the other hand, newspapers may be carried (35) we plan to. In addition, their small size and light weight will surely spare our effort to take them.__(36) advantage of newspapers lies in their non-pollution.It may be said without fear of exaggeration that almost all those electronic media do harm to people’s health. (37) (take) televisions for example: exposures to radiations (辐射), a kind of pollution, from them in the long run will damage people’s health, (38) (especial) for pregnant women. The same case can also be foundin computers. Newspapers, by contrast, are made of natural materials. Therefore no pollution will be given off nor are people subjected to the risk of illness when they read a newspaper.It is true that electronic media also has some superior (39) newspapers. They can give us more direct information, not only by words but by sounds and pictures as well. But regarding newspapers as a medium of the past is (40) apparent understanding, far from the truth.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Miss Li was born in a big city. After she graduated from auniversity, she was asked to be sent to work at a 41 school ina mountainous area. There many parents have no money to send their children to school. As a(n) 42 , Miss Li found that she had responsibility for these children. So she made good use of her holidays to go back to the city, where she told her old classmates of her idea. As all her classmates are warm-hearted and love public welfare, they can 43 with her easily. After careful discussion, they agreed to organize a(n) 44 to do something for the poor children.In order to collect enough money, they often visited singers to ask them to offer the money that they get from the concerts. They often went to the factories and companies to beg the bosses and managers to 45 their money in the education in the poor areas. What’s more, they even reduced their 46 and spare their savings. Miss Li is good at 47 and know how to 48 the money that they collect. Now many children 49 by this association can go back to school.As time goes on, the association organized by Miss Li is a 50 name between the city where she was born and the area where she works. III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are fourwords or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People often fall ill because of me. However, they can hardly blame me; it is largely their own 51 . A tired person may get caught, especially when he goes to crowded places with polluted air.A sudden change in 52 is another factor. In hot summer, people turn on the air-conditioner upon returning home. They will catch a cold easily.My latest victim is an energetic student. After school, he played football hard for two hours. Though 53 , he still went to the cinema. Then he got back home and took a cold shower immediately.I seized this golden chance to 54 him. He reacted, trying to 55 me, but I was already 56 deep in his throat. He kept sneezing and his nose was running. 57 he put on some warm clothes, it didn’t work, for there were too many of us. Besides, his sore throat kept upsetting him, and he developed a cough to force me and my family out, but 58 .The next day he couldn’t go to school. He had lost his appetite and was not as 59 as before. His mother made him orange juice every few hours for more vitamin C, which would help his 60 .For two days he was nursed by his mother. As he rested more,his defense strengthened and I began to feel the 61 . I knew I had to 62 him before long. But I am not the one who gives up easily, and I made every effort to fight back. 63 , it was my turn to feel 64 now, for his defense system was starting an all-out attack against me. I became 65 and finally my time was over.Do you know what I am?51. A. fault B. responsibility C. destinationD. business52. A. occasion B. temperature C. seasonD. condition53. A. excited B. hurt C. tiredD. late54. A. injure B. attack C. botherD. destroy55. A. get rid of B. get on with C. put up withD .take hold of56. A. reproducing B. waiting C. hidingD. disappearing57. A. Since B. Although C. Whether D. Once58. A. escaped B. succeeded C. failedD. regretted59. A. peaceful B. sensible C. happy D. energetic60. A. study B. development C. recovery D. effect61. A. loss B. pressure C. operation D. burden62. A. sacrifice B. catch C. forget D. leave63. A. Uncertainly B. Unsuccessfully C. UnusuallyD. Unfortunately64. A. reluctant B. disappointed C. painfulD. ashamed65. A. weaker B. bigger C. smallerD. strongerSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees (黑猩猩), behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, thelosing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature." But maybe you can't trust her, either.66. A plover protects its young from a predator by______.A. pretending to be injuredB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. getting closer to its young67. By "Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky" (paragraph 5), the author means______.A. chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are jealous of the winnersC. chimps are sometimes dishonestD. chimps can be selfish too68. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. How do animals learn to lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. Do animals lie?D. How does honesty help animals survive?（B）“My kids really unde rstand solar and earth-heat energy,” says a second-grade teacher in Saugus, California. “Some of them are building solar collectors for their energy course.” These young scientists are part of City Building Educational Program (CBEP), a particular program for kindergarten through twelfth grade that uses the stages of city planning to teach basic reading, writing and math skills, and more.The children don't just plan any city. They map and analyze the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and predict its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new waysto meet these needs and build models of their creations. “Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of f reedom,” says the teacher who developed this program. “They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected “official” and “planning group” makes all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser.”CBEP is a set of activities, games and imitations that teach the basic steps necessary for problem-solving: observing, analyzing, working out possible answers, and judging them based on the children's own standards.70. The Program is designed to __________.A. develop children's problem-solving abilitiesB. train young scientists for city planningC. direct kids to build solar collectorsD. train kids to be future architects71. An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom to ___________.A. find out kids' creative ideasB. help kids with their programC. give children lecturesD. discuss with theteacher72. Who is the designer of the program?A. A teacher.B. An architect.C. An official.D. A scientist.73. The children feel free in the program because they _____________.A. can design future buildings themselvesB. need not worry about making mistakesC. are given enough time to design modelsD. have new ideas and rich imagination(C)Stonehenge（巨石阵）may have been a prehistoric health center rather than a site for observing stars or a temple in honor of the dead, scientists said yesterday. New evidence unearthed at the World Heritage Site in more than 40 years suggests that the monument was a place where the diseased and injured went in groups, seeking cures.After a two-week dig, scientists have concluded that Stonehenge was “the ancient healthcare centre of southern England” because of the existence of “bluestones”---the smaller columns of dolerite（辉绿岩）that formed an earlier stone structure.By dating pieces of remains to around 7330BC, Tim Darvill, of Bournemouth University, and Goff Wainwright, of the Society ofAmtiquaries have found that hunter-gatherers were at the site on Salisbury Plain 4,000 years earlier than thought. The first stage of Stonehenge, a round earthwork structure, was built around 3000BC. P rofessor Wainwright added: “I did not expect the degree of complexity we discovered. We’re able to say so much more about when Stonehenge was built and why---all of which changes our previous understanding of the monument.”The research reveals the importa nce of the henge’s famous bluestones. Hundreds of bluestone chips gathered at the site have led the team to conclude that the bluestones were valued for their curing effects---the key reason that about 80 of them, each weighing up to 4 tons and a half, were dragged more than 150 miles from the Preseli Hills to Wiltshire. After years of research, Professors Darvill and Wainwright have concluded that, for thousands of years, the Preseli mountain range was home to magical health centers and holy wells.Even today there are those who believe in the curing powers of the springs for coughs and heart disease, and people who use crystals and bluestones for self-curing. Radiocarbon tests have also revealed that the construction of the original bluestone circle took place around 2300BC, three centuries later than originally thought. Interestingly, on the same day died the “Amesbury Archer”---a sicktraveler from the Swiss or German Alps who had an infected knee---whose remains were discovered about five miles from Stonehenge. The professors believe that he was a devoted religious person who was hoping to benefit from the curing powers of the monument.74．Stonehenge is recently believed to be a place for people .A．to recover from poor health B．to observe star movementsC．to hold religious ceremonies D．to gather huge bluestones75．What can be inferred about Stonehenge from the passage?A．The springs could cure coughs and heart disease best.B．The new discovery was the same as what had been expected.C．Some huge bluestones were not produced at Stonehenge.D．The original bluestone circle was thought to be constructed around 2000BC.76．The sick traveler in the passage is supposed to be .A．a devoted religious person from StonehengeB．one of the earliest discoverers of StonehengeC．the first explorer to test the magical power of bluestones D．a patient trying to cure his infection at Stonehenge77．Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A．Stonehenge: A New Place of Interest B．Stonehenge: Still Making NewsC．Stonehenge: Heaven for Adventurers D．Stonehenge: Still Curing PatientsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation. So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks.They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct（行为准则) and devote themselves to more transparency（透明）in their operations. Increasingly, too. they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of "doing well by doing good" has become popular.Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and you’re your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on theside, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）：it is just good business.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Both _________ in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money to charities.79. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.80. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to_________.81. According to the passage, "good business" (paragraph 6) means that corporations ________ while making p rofits.第II卷（共47分）I. Translation （4+4+4+5+5）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 应该呼吁更多的中学生加入到慈善义卖会中。
2023年上海市高三高考英语模拟试卷试题及答案
2022-2023学年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语模拟试卷（含答案）II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Discovering a BrotherKieron Graham always knew he had an older brother.His adoption papers, signed and sealed when he was three months old,listed a brother named Vincent but no last name.Though Kieron spent years(21)_______(think)about Vincent,he could never track him down.That changed in December2017,(22)_______Kieron's adoptive parents gave their four adopted children AncestryDNA tests as Christmas gifts.Kieron,now21, sent his saliva(唾液)sample in for analysis.When his results came back,he was surprised to find he had some DNA matches for relatives who(23)_______(take)the test,too.Most were distant connections,but one match was so strong that it (24)_______(label)"close family59.His name was Vincent Ghant.Kieron looked for him online and soon made a possible connection."This is going to sound so wild.......but you seem(25)_______(be)my brother,”Kieron wrote on the instant messaging app.“I was given up(26)_______adoption in1997and it says on my paperwork that my mother has a son with your name and your birth date.Her name is Shawn.”“OMG do you know your real name?"wrote Vincent,now30."I think it was Tyler."“OMG YES You are my brother.”“Wow,”wrote Kieron.“This is crazy."said Vincent.The craziness was just beginning.As they talked,the brothers realized they lived about20minutes from each other,outside of Atlanta.More mind-blowing,they attended the same university and majored and minored in the same subjects:politicalscience and legal studies.“What are the odds we're separated our entire lives and then end up at the same school with the same interests?"says Kieron.Now the brothers had the chance to make up for the(27)_______(lose)time. They decided to meet at a local tea shop that week."I was really nervous,"says Kieron."I was wondering(28)_______I should say.”As he waited outside the shop,he heard someone call his name,and he suddenly found(29)________in a hug with the brother he'd thought about his entire life.The men went inside and talked."We connected,"says Vincent,"(30)_______ _______we already knew each other."Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.affectedmunityC.conditionD.contactE.decreasedF.deliveredG.fearfulH.intensityI.meaningfulJ.seriousK.unrealisticLonelinessUniversity found one in four Australians feel lonely with many reporting anxiety about socialising and30per cent saying they didn't feel part of a group of friends. Both young and old people are_____31_____,though people over65are the least lonely"People tell me their friends don't ring them anymore/5says William Yeates, who now runs webinars to bring people together others.“One lady told me she doesn't get any visitors;the only time she has any human_____32_____is in the weekly webinar.I invited her out for lunch but she couldn't do it.She was too_____33 _____.”Worryingly,one in eight young people aged18-25report a very high_____34_____of loneliness,and are more likely than older people to feel greater levels of social anxiety.Even school-aged children report feeling lonely and isolated and say they don't have_____35_____connections with people around them.While people have always felt lonely—it's part of the human_____36 _____—there's no doubt that the modem world,with longer commuting times and greater numbers of people living alone,has worsened the trend.Irene Verins,amanager at Mental Wellbeing,VicHealth,says loneliness inyounger people aged18to25is often driven by_____37_____So_____38_____is loneliness internationally that the UK government appointed a Minister for Loneliness and in2011launched a Campaign to End Loneliness.It's estimated that every£1spent on relieving loneliness in Britain has _____39_____a£2-£3saving in costs for the economy.That's because the loneliness of individual people impacts the social togetherness of the whole_____40_____.The fewer lonely people,the lower the healthcare costs and the greater the wellbeing of everyone."This is national issue,"says Verins.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B5C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.How did Cape Town,South Africa,get into a Day Zero situation—when the city's taps would go dry because its reservoirs（水库）would become dangerously low on water?The city gets its water from six reservoirs in Western Cape province,which usually_____41_____during the rainy season,from May through August.But since 2015the region has been suffering from the worst drought（干旱）in a century,and the water in those reservoirs_____42_____pounding the problem, Cape Town's population has grown substantially,increasing_____43_____.The city actually did a pretty good job by reducing leaks in the system,a major cause of water waste,and has even won awards for its_____44_____policies.But the government of South Africa was slow to declare a national disaster in the areas hit hardest by the drought,paving the way for the recent_____45_____.Cape Town is not_____46_____.Since2014southeastern Brazil has been suffering its worst water shortage in80years,_____47_____decreased rainfall, forestation and other factors.And many cities in India do not have access to municipal water for more than a few hours a day,if at all._____48_____,the city of Shimla ran out of drinking water in May,urging locals to beg tourists to stay away from the popular Himalayan summer resort.In the U.S.,the situation is somewhat better,but many urban centers still_____49_____water problems.Californians recent multiyear drought led to some of the state's driest years on record.Since about half of the state's urban water usage is for landscaping,it was able to cut back on that fairly easily.But cities that use most of their water for more essential uses,such as drinking water,may not be so _____50_____._____51_____,steps can be taken to avoid urban water crises.In general,a "portfolio approach”that relies on multiple water sources is probably most _____52_____.Cape Town has already begun implementing a number of water projects,including tapping groundwater and building water-recycling plants.Many other cities will need to repair existing water infrastructure（基础建设）to cut down on leakage.City leaders should be thinking about meeting long-term needs rather than just about_____53_____requirements.Good organization and financial accountability are equally critical.And planning efforts should include diverse stakeholders（利益相关者）from the community.One major challenge is providing services to informal areas,which develop without any government foresight.Such regions often_____54_____basic resources一a well-planned water supply among them.The global community has an opportunity right now to take action to prevent a series of Day Zero crises.If we don't act,many cities may soon face a time when there isn't a drop to_____55_____.41.A.take over B.fill up C.make off D.set out42.A.decreased B.rose C.remained D.drowned43.A.likelihood B.proportion C.demand D.efficiency44.A.architecture B.agriculture C.economy D.conservation45.A.policy B.growth C.crisis D.change46.A.enough B.possible C.difficult D.alone47.A.making up for B.resulting fromC.taking advantage ofD.looking into48.A.In a word B.By comparison C.What's worse D.For example49.A.avoid B.solve C.discuss D.face50.A.passive B.purposeful C.adaptable D.reliable51.A.Similarly B.Fortunately C.Initially D.Alternatively52.A.questionable B.memorable C.effective D.confusing53.A.daily B.legal C.maximum D.normal54.A.neglect ck C.provide D.find55.A.drink B.pour C.place D.recordSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）A great deal can be learned from the actual traces of ancient human movement: the footprints of early hominids（原始人类）.The best-known specimens（标本）are the remarkable tracks discovered at Laetoli,Tanzania,by Mary Leaky.These were left by small hominids around3.6to3.75million years ago.Examination of the shape of the prints revealed to Mary Leakey that the feet had a raised arch,a rounded heel（脚跟），a pronounced ball,and a big toe that pointed forward.These features,together with the weight-bearing pressure patterns, resembled the prints of upright-walking modem humans.The pressures imposed along the foot,together with the length of step,which averaged87centimeters, indicated that the hominids had been walking slowly.In short,all the detectable features implied that the feet that left the footprints were very little different from those of contemporary humans.A detailed study has been made of the prints using photogrammetry,a technique for obtaining measurements through photographs,which created a drawing showing all the curves and shapes of the prints.The result emphasized that there were at least seven points of similarity with modem prints,such as the depth of the heel impression, and the deep imprint of the big toe.Footprints thus provide us not merely with rare impressions of the soft tissue of early hominids,but also with evidence of upright walking that in many ways is clearer than can be obtained from the analysis of bones.The study of fossil footprints is not restricted to examples from such remote periods.Hundreds of prints are known,for example,in French caves dating from the end of the last Ice Age,approximately10,000years ago.Research by Leon Pales has provided information about this period.56.What does the passage mainly discuss?A.The career of Mary Leakey.B.The analysis of footprint specimens.C.Accurate dating of hominid remains.D.Behavioral patterns of early humans.57.The figure of87centimeters mentioned in paragraph2refers to the size of the _________.A.hominids feetB.hominids bodiesC.steps taken by the hominidsD.objects carried by the hominids58.Why does the author mention the"heel impression"in paragraph3?A.To indicate the weight of early hominids.B.To emphasize the size of the hominids foot.C.To hint at a possible injury the hominid had suffered.D.To give an example of similarity to modem human footprints.59.What can be inferred about the footprints found in French caves mentioned in the last paragraph?A.They show more details than the Laetoli prints.B.They are not as informative as the Laetoli prints.C.They are of more recent the Laetoli prints.D.They are more difficult to study than the Laetoli prints（B）The elements other than hydrogen and helium（氮气）exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe somewhat more than25percent helium by weight and somewhat less than25percent hydrogen.Astronomers have measured the amount of helium throughout our galaxy（星系）and in other galaxies as well.Helium has been found in old stars,in relatively young ones,and in the distant objects known as quasars.Helium nuclei have also been found in cosmic rays that fall on the earth（cosmic"rays”are not really a form of radiation;they consist of rapidly moving particles（颗粒）of numerous different kinds）.It doesn't seem to make very much difference where the helium is found.Itsamount never seems to vary much.In some places,there may be slightly more of it;in others,slightly less,but the proportion of helium to hydrogen nuclei always remains about the same.Helium is created in stars.In fact,nuclear reactions that turn hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce.However,the amount of helium that could have been produced in this manner can be calculated,and it turns out to be no more than a few percent.The universe has not existed long enough for this figure to be significantly greater.Consequently,if the universe is somewhat more than25percent helium now,then it must have been about25percent helium at a time near the beginning.However,when the universe was less than one minute old,no helium could have existed.Calculations indicate that before this time temperatures were too high and particles of matter were moving around much too rapidly.It was only after the one-minute point that helium could exist.By this time,the universe had cooled sufficiently.But the nuclear reactions that led to the formation of helium went on for only a relatively short time.By the time the universe was a few minutes old,helium production had effectively ceased.60.According to the passage,helium is_________.A.difficult to detectB.the oldest element in the universeC.a common element in quasarsD.the second element in the universe in amount61.Why does the author mention"cosmic rays"in paragraph2?A.To explain how the universe began.B.As part of a list of things containing helium.C.As an example of an unsolved astronomical puzzle.D.To explain the abundance of hydrogen in the universe.62.Most of the helium in the universe was formed_________.A.in invisible spaceB.in a very short timeC.before most of the hydrogenD.during the first minute of the universe's existence（C）Every year millions of breeding monarch butterflies in the U.S.and southern Canada search for milkweed plants on which to lay their eggs.Concern over shrinking habitat（居住地）has urged conservationists to create monarch-friendly spaces along roadsides,which are more than enough within the butterflies range and usually publicly owned.But traffic noise stresses monarch caterpillars out,a new study finds. They eventually do become desensitized to it—but that might cause trouble to them later on,too.Noise pollution is known to affect the lives of birds,whales and other creatures. But until recently,scientists had never tested whether it leads to a stress response in insects.When Andy Davis,a conservation physiologist at the University of Georgia, noticed online videos of roadside monarch caterpillars apparently trembling as cars came by,he wondered how the constant noise might affect them.Davis built a custom caterpillar heart monitor,fitting a small sensor into a microscope to precisely measure monarch caterpillars'heart rates as they listened to recordings of traffic sounds in the laboratory.The hearts of caterpillars exposed to highway noise for two hours beat17 percent faster than those of caterpillars in a silent room.But the heart rates of the noise-exposed group returned to baseline levels after hearing the traffic sounds nonstop for their entire12-day development period,Davis and his colleagues reported in May in Biology Letters.This desensitization could be problematic when the caterpillars become adults,Davis says.A rapid stress response is vital for monarch butterflies on their two-month journey to spend winters in Mexico,as they narrowly escape predators（捕食者）and fight wind currents.Whether a noisy developmental period reduces monarchs'survival rates remains unknown,notes Ryan Norris,an ecologist at the University of Guelph in Ontario,who was not involved in the study.But in any case,he believes roadside habitat almost certainly drive up the butterflies'death rates as a result of crashes with cars."There is so much potential road habitat for monarchs and other insects一it would be such a nice thing to capitalize on,”Norris says."But you just can't get around the traffic.”Davis adds:"I think roads and monarchs just don't mix.”63.By"They eventually do become desensitized to it",the writer means thatA.monarch caterpillars react less strongly to noiseB.monarch caterpillars are stressed out by road noiseC.conservationists are worried about butterflies habitatD.conservationists no longer create monarch-friendly spaces64.What inspired Andy Davis to explore the effect of noise on monarch caterpillars?A.There had been little research on monarch caterpillars.B.Videos showed cars crashed into monarch caterpillars.C.There was no such record of monarch caterpillars'heart rates.D.He found that monarch caterpillars shook with cars moving by.65.According to Andy Davis,how will exposure to noise influence monarch butterflies?A.They are likely to need more time to develop.B.They are likely to lose their way on their journey.C.They are more likely to be killed in their migration.D.They are more likely to die before they become adults.66.What is Ryan Norris most likely to agree with?A.Monarchs5survival rates are decreasing each year.B.It is not recommended that roadside habitat be built for insects.C.More capital is needed to study monarchs?developmental period.D.Butterflies’rising death rates have nothing to do with moving cars.Section CDirections:Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.The early success of the kiosks suggests that,at least when ordering fast food, customers prize speed over high-touch customer service.B.Business owners insist that robots will take over work that is dirty,dangerous,or just dull,enabling humans to focus on other tasks.C.The better hope for workers might be that automation helps the food-service industry continue to develop.D.But over time,customers relied less frequently on the greeters.E.The cost of machines has fallen significantly in recent years,dropping40percentsince2005.F.This has typically been the story of automation:Technology eliminates old jobs,but it also creates new ones.Iron CooksRobots have arrived in American restaurants and hotels for the same reasons they first arrived on factory floors._________67_________Labor,meanwhile,is getting expensive,as some cities and states pass laws raising the minimum wage.“We think we've hit the point where labor-wage rates are now making automation of those tasks make a lot more sense,"Bob Wright,the chief operations officer of the fast-food chain Wendy's,said in a conference call with investors last February,referring to jobs that feature"repetitive production tasks."Wendy's and McDonald's are in the process of installing self-service kiosks（售货亭）in locations across the country,allowing customers to order without ever talking to an employee._________68_________The international chain CaliBurger,for example, will soon install Flippy,a robot that can make150burgers an hour.John Miller,the CEO of Cali Group,which owns the chain,says employees don't like working in the kitchen.Once the robots are sweating there,human employees will be free to interact with customers in more-targeted ways,bringing them extra napkins and asking them how they're enjoying their burgers.How many employees,though,do you need working in the cafe?69Will companies like CaliBurger see sufficient value in employing human greeters and soup-and-sandwich deliverers to keep those positions around long-term?The experience of Eatsa may be instructive.The start-up restaurant,based in San Francisco,allows customers to order its quinoa bowls and salads on their smartphone or an in-store tablet and then pick up their order from a white wall of cubbies（小房间）一an Automat for the app age.Initially,two greeters were stationed alongside the cubbies to welcome and direct customers._________70_________So the company now employs a single greeter in its restaurants.IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize in no more than60words the main idea of the passage and how it is e your own words as far aspossible.Advertising ObjectivesWhen developing a successful advertising campaign,marketers must first set an advertising objective.The objective is the purpose for the advertising campaign. There are four main advertising objectives—to inform,to persuade,to compare,or to remind.Companies use informative advertising to give information about a new type of product.In this case,the purpose is to increase demand for the new product.DVD players are a good example.The first sellers of these products had to tell consumers about the quality and convenience of the new product.Big sales soon followed.However,informative advertising doesn't work so well when there are many companies with the same kind of product.This is because consumers already know the normal features of the product.Instead,they need to see how one company's version is better than all the others.This kind of advertising is called persuasive advertising.For instance,when DVD players became common,Sony began trying to persuade customers that its brand has the best quality for their money to keep sales high.Comparative advertising also tries to persuade.Thus it is really a kind of persuasive advertising.In this,a company compares its brand with one or more other parative advertising been used for products from soft drinks to car rentals and credit cards.An is Avis,a car rental company,which compared itself with its bigger rival Hertz by claiming,“We're number two,so we try harder?"A different kind of advertising is reminder advertising,which is important for products later in their life.Unlike the other types,its objective is to help to keep strong relationships with customers and to keep them thinking about the product.This is why expensive Coca-Cola television ads mainly build and maintain the Coca-Cola brand relationship,rather than trying to inform or persuade people to buy the drink straight away.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.显而易见，照片上的形象与我眼前的这个人一点不像。
上海高考英语模拟题附详细答案(拿来即可用).doc
高三英语试题1II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)American parents usually think that their child (25 ) have less pocket money than the children whom he often connects with even if they are wealthier. And they don't expect their children to compare with the richer if some conditions make (26) impossible for the children to get the same pocket money (27) ________________________________ the children in the neighborhood.The pocket money is not controlled by the parents, because a child can learn to use money correctly (28) dealing with it himself. If a 7 - year - old child gets one dollar as a week pocket money and is made to put it all in his piggy bank to save it up, he can't know (29) the real use for the money is. The children can use part of his pocket money to buy something he especially wants. By the time he is eight, he is old enough that parents can take the child to the bank, (30) (open) a saving account for him, and encourage him to put a certain amount ofhis pocket money into the bank and watch his bank savings grow as entry by entry (存入)is made. He will be saving, earning, and spending suitable quantities all along in order to learn how (31) (manage ) money and to keep him in a favorable position with his friends. If a boy can't join his fellows in a sweet shop once in a while because he has to save every cent he gets or earns for some big unknown project his parents have chosen for him, he is a sorry child.(B)Have you ever lain in the sun, (32) (enjoy) the entertainment of reading a newspaper? Have you ever sat in an underground railway, killing your boring time by turning a newspaper? If you have made it, there is no doubt (33) you may not deny the importance of newspapers as a popular medium.Newspapers provide us with great convenience. (34) the electric media like televisions and computers offers us another way to obtain information, their generation by electricity limits their uses indoors. On the other hand, newspapers may be carried (35) we plan to. In addition, their small size and light weight will surely spare our effort to take them.(36) advantage of newspapers lies in their non-pollution. It may be said without fear of exaggeration that almost all those electronic media do harm to people's health. (37) (take) televisions forexample: exposures to radiations (辐身寸)，a kind of pollution, from them in the long run will damage people's health, (38) (especial) for pregnant women. The same case can also be found in computers.Newspapers, by contrast, are made of natural materials. Therefore no pollution will be given off nor arepeople subjected to the risk of illness when they read a newspaper.It is true that electronic media also has some superior (39) newspapers. They can give us moredirect information, not only by words but by sounds and pictures as well. But regarding newspapers as amedium of the past is (40) apparent understanding, far from the truth.Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Miss Li was born in a big city. After she graduated from a university, she was asked to be sent towork at a 41 school in a mountainous area. There many parents have no money to send their children toschool. As a(n) 42 Miss Li found that she had responsibility for these children. So she made good use ofher holidays to go back to the city, where she told her old classmates of her idea. As all her classmatesare warm-hearted and love public welfare, they can 43 with her easily. After careful discussion,they agreed to organize a(n) 44 to dosomething for the poor children.In order to collect enough money, they often visited singers to ask them to offer the money thatthey get from the concerts. They often went to the factories and companies to beg the bosses andmanagers to 45 their money in the education in the poor areas. What's more, they even reduced their 46and spare their savings. Miss Li is good at 47 and know how to 48_the money that they collect. Nowmany children 49 by this association can go back to school.As time goes on, the association organized by Miss Li is a 50 name between the city where shewas born and the area where she works.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People often fall ill because of me. However, they can hardly blame me; it is largely their own 51A tired person may get caught, especially when he goes to crowded places with polluted air. A suddenchange in 52 is another factor. In hot summer, people turn on the air-conditioner upon returning home. They will catch a cold easily.My latest victim is an energetic student. After school, he played football hard for two hours. Though 53 , he still went to the cinema. Then he got back home and took a cold shower immediately.I seized this golden chance to 54 him. He reacted, trying to 55 me, but I was already 56 deep in his throat. He kept sneezing and his nose was running. 57 he put on some warm clothes, it didn't work, for there were too many of us. Besides, his sore throat kept upsetting him, and he developed a cough to force me and my family out, but 58 .The next day he couldn't go to school. He had lost his appetite and was not as 59 as before. His mother made him orange juice every few hours for more vitamin C, which would help his 60 .For two days he was nursed by his mother. As he rested more, his defense strengthened and I began to feel the 61 I knew I had to 62 him before long. But I am not the one who gives up easily, and I made every effort to fight back. 63 , it was my turn to feel64 now, for his defense system was starting an all-out attack against me. I became 65 and finally my time was over.Do you know what I am?51. A. fault B. responsibility C. destination D. business52. A. occasion B. temperature C.season D. condition53. A. excited B. hurt C. tired D. late54. A. injure B. attack C. bother D. destroy55. A. get rid of B. get on with C. put up withD .take hold of56. A. reproducing B. waiting C. hidingD. disappearing57. A. Since B. Although C. Whether D. Once58. A. escaped B. succeeded C. failed D. regretted59. A. peaceful B. sensible C. happy D. energetic60. A. study B. development C. recovery D. effect61. A. loss B. pressure C. operation D. burden62. A. sacrifice B. catch C.forget D. leave63. A. Uncertainly B. Unsuccessfully C. UnusuallyD. Unfortunately64. A. reluctant B. disappointed C. painful D. ashamed65. A. weaker B. bigger C. smaller D. strongerSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees （黑猩猩）, behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt*' adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature." But maybe you can't trust her, either.66. A plover protects its young from a predator by ______ .A.pretending to be injuredB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. getting closer to its young67.By "Chimpanzees, or chimps，can also be sneaky" (paragraph 5), the author means ______ .A.chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are jealous of the winnersC. chimps are sometimes dishonestD. chimps can be selfish too68.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.B.The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.C.Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D.Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.69.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A.How do animals learn to lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. Do animals lie?D. How does honesty help animals survive?(B)"My kids really understand solar and earth-heat energy,says a second-grade teacher in Saugus, California. 4t Some of them are building solar collectors for their energy course.^^ These young scientists are part of City Building Educational Program (CBEP), a particular program for kindergarten through twelfth grade that uses the stages of city planning to teach basic reading,A. find out kids' creative ideas C. give children lectures72. Who is the designer of the program? A. A teacher. B. An architect. B. help kids with their programD. discuss with the teacherAn official. D. Ascientist. Stonehenge (巨石阵)mayhave been writing and math skills, and more.The children don't just plan any city. They map and analyze the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and predict its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations. '"Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom,says the teacher who developed this program. "They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected "official" and "'planning group" makes all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser.^^CBEP is a set of activities, games and imitations that teach the basic steps necessary for problem-solving: observing, analyzing, working out possible answers, and judging them based on the children's own standards.70. The Program is designed to ___________ .A. develop children's problem-solving abilitiesB. train young scientists for city planningC. direct kids to build solar collectorsD. train kids to be future architects71. An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom to ____________ .73. The children feel free in the program because they ______________ .A. can design future buildings themselvesB. need not worry about making mistakesC. are given enough time to design modelsD. have new ideas and rich imagination(C)a prehistoric health center rather than a site for observing stars or a temple in honor of the dead, scientists said yesterday. New evidence unearthed at the World Heritage Site in more than 40 years suggests that the monument was a place where the diseased and injured went in groups, seeking cures.After a two-week dig, scientists have concluded that Stonehenge was "the ancient healthcare centre of southern England^^ because of the existence of "bluestones"■—the smaller columns of dolerite （辉绿岩）that formed an earlier stone structure.By dating pieces of remains to around 7330BC, Tim Darvill, of Bournemouth University, and Goff Wainwright, of the Society of Amtiquaries have found that hunter-gatherers were at the site on Salisbury Plain 4,000 years earlier than thought. The first stage of Stonehenge, a round earthwork structure, was built around 3000BC. Professor Wainwright added: "I did not expect the degree of complexity we discovered. We^e able to say so much more about when Stonehenge was built and why—all of which changes our previous understanding of the monument.^^The research reveals the importance of the henge's famous bluestones. Hundreds of bluestone chips gathered at the site have led the team to conclude that the bluestones were valued for their curing effects一-the key reason that about 80 of them, each weighing up to 4 tons and a half, were dragged more than 150 miles from the Preseli Hills to Wiltshire. After years of research, Professors Darvill and Wainwright have concluded that, for thousands of years, the Preseli mountain range was home to magical health centers and holy wells.Even today there are those who believe in the curing powers of the springs for coughs and heart disease, and people who use crystals and bluestones for self-curing. Radiocarbon tests have also revealed that the construction of the original bluestone circle took place around 2300BC, three centuries later than originally thought. Interestingly, on the same day died the "Amesbury Archer^^■一a sick traveler from the Swiss or German Alps who had an infected knee■一whose remains were discovered about five miles from Stonehenge. The professors believe that he was a devoted religious person who was hoping to benefit from the curing powers of the monument.74.Stonehenge is recently believed to be a place for people _____________ .A. to recover from poor healthB. to observe star movementsC. to hold religious ceremoniesD. to gather huge bluestones75.What can be inferred about Stonehenge from the passage?A. The springs could cure coughs and heart disease best.B.The new discovery was the same as what had been expected.C.Some huge bluestones were not produced at Stonehenge.D.The original bluestone circle was thought to be constructed around 2000BC.76.The sick traveler in the passage is supposed to be _____________ .A. a devoted religious person from StonehengeB.one of the earliest discoverers of StonehengeC.the first explorer to test the magical power of bluestonesD. a patient trying to cure his infection at Stonehenge77.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Stonehenge: A New Place of InterestB. Stonehenge: Still Making NewsC. Stonehenge: Heaven for AdventurersD. Stonehenge: Still Curing PatientsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct (行为准则)and devote themselves to more transparency (透明)in their operations. Increasingly, too. they, along with lheir competitors, set common rules to spread risks.All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of "doing well by doing good" has become popular.Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and you're your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a comer of corporate life reserved for virtue (美德)：it is just good business.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78.Both _________ i n some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money to charities.79.Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.80.With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to __________ .81.According to the passage, "good business" (paragraph 6) means that corporations ___________ while making profits.第II卷（共47分）I.Translation ( 4+4+4+5+5 )Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.应该呼吁更多的中学生加入到慈善义卖会中。
上海市十三校高三英语第二次(3月)联考试题
上海市十三校2016届高三英语第二次（3月）联考试题考试时间：120分钟满分：150分第I 卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At 1:00 p.m. B. At 1:30 p.m. C. At 2:00 p.m. D. At 2:30 p.m.2. A. In a park. B. In a museum. C. In a zoo. D. In a pet store.3. A. 12. B. 24. C. 36. D. 48.4. A. The man’s job. B. The w oman’s health.C. A class they are talking about.D. A new medicine for headaches5. A. Boss and secretary. B. Teacher and student.C. Customer and waitress.D. Doctor and patient.6. A. He thought it was a success. B. He didn’t think it was successful.C. He enjoyed it very much.D. He thought it was well worth seeing.7. A. He wonders why they can’t go for a walk in the park.B. He doesn’t want to go for a walk in the park.C. He won’t go out with the woman.D. He thinks it’s a good idea.8. A. Watching movies is inexpensive entertainment. B. Going to movie is his hobby.C. The movie is his favorite.D. He will go to see the movie again.9. A. He’ll miss the me eting that afternoon. B. He’ll have an appointment with the host.C. He won’t miss the meeting.D. He is very hard-working.10. A. Jane was telling a joke. B. Jane wasn’t sincere.C. Jane has already come back from Paris.D. Jane wasn’t in Paris that day. Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Because dogs did not share water bowls. B. Because dogs were not on a leash.C. Because dogs may spread disease.D. Because dogs might scare children.12. A. California. B. Florida. C. Maryland. D. Washington.13. A. The new law will once again help New York win the reputation of new fashion in theUS.B. The new law will help to develop its economy growth by attracting dog owners.C. The new law will break the balance between health laws and flexibility for businesses.D. The new law will help to stop the sale of large amounts of soft drinks in New York. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Because pumpkin business is growing fast there.B. Because they like to drink beer made of pumpkins.C. Because they can enjoy eating a variety of pumpkins.D. Because they can get the pumpkins for Halloween carving.15. A. 150,000. B. 50. C. 40. D. 100, 000.16. A. It’s a big demand. B. It’s the bad weather.C. It’s the Halloween.D. It’s differ ent sizes, shapes and colors. Part C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A （16%）Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answer are grammatically correct.ADad was always full of advice, but one of the biggest lessons he taught me one summer was about having a strong work ethic. When my brother and I were growing up, we mowed yards during the summer___25___(earn) pocket change. Dad was our salesman. He told our neighbors about our service and offered a price they could not refuse. My brother and I got $10 (64 yuan) per yard. I later found out that our friends were charging $20 or more for the same amount of work.___26___ ___26___ we headed out to mow lawns, Dad was there to watch. I used to wonder___27___ he came with us. He stood ___28___(supervise) our work in the heat when he could have been inside relaxing with air conditioning and an icy drink.One day we were cutting our next-door neighbor’s yard. She always waited until the grass was knee-high to call us over. To make matters worse, we had ___29___ old lawn mower. This particular afternoon, I was finishing up and was tired and sweaty.I was just about to cut off the lawn mower when I saw Dad pointing to one piece of grass. He yelled: “You missed a piece.”I frowned, hoping he would let it slide and let me go home. He kept pointing. So, tired and ___30___ (disappoint), I went back to cut that piece of grass. I mumbled to myself: “That one piece isn’t hurting anyone. Why won’t he just let it go?”But when I reached adulthood, I understood his message: When you’re running a business, the work you do says a great deal about you. If you want to be seen as an entrepreneur (企业家) with integrity, you ___31___ deliver a quality product. That single blade of grass meant the job was not done.___32___ neighbors took notice of the good work we did and we soon got more business. We started out with one client (客户), but by the end of the summer we had five.BThe Bangladeshi-American, Salman Khan was born in 1976 to a poor immigrant family. He knew clearly___33___ education could give people power and change their lives for the better: Khan went to a public high school ___34___ “a few classmates were fresh out of jail”, as he told The New York Times, but he got into the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.He got Bachelor of Science degrees in mathematics, electrical engineering and computer science, and also got a Master of Business Administration degree from Harvard Business School. Khan then worked as a successful hedge-fund analyst (对冲基金分析师).It all began in 2004___35___ Khan began tutoring his cousins who were having difficulty with math. To make it easier to communicate with them, he decided to put the lessons online as a series of videos. His cousins quickly found that they preferred seeing Khan online.“___36___ (have) a video lesson that they could pause and repeat made it easier to learn ” commented Wired magazine. without tiring their tutor.He started to realize that the videos could help a lot more people and never grow old. He then quit his job, made more than 4,800 videos teaching math of all grades, put them online, and started Khan Academy in 2006.“My ideas about teaching were straightforward and deeply personal. I wanted to teach in the way I wished that I___37___(teach). I hoped to show the joy of learning, the excitement of understanding things about the universe. I wanted to pass along to students not onlythe logic but the beauty of math and science,” he wrote in his book The One World Schoolhouse: Education Reimagined.The academy has become so popular across the world___38___ celebrities and businesspeople are starting to offer donations, including Microsoft founder Bill Gates. He has donated more than $9 million (about 57 million yuan) to the academy organization, reported Forbes.However, Khan doesn’t want to make money from it. “My goal is to make learning faster for students of all ages. ___39___ so little effort on my own part, I can give a large number of people power for all time. I can’t think of a___40___ (good) use of my time,” Khan said in his TED talk.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.You never think it will happen to you. It was just a Friday night at a rock show. The ___41___was so happy and everyone was dancing and smiling. And then when the men came through the front entrance and began the shooting, we naively believed it was all part of the show. It wasn’t just a terrorist___42___, it was a massacre. Dozens of people were shot right in front of me. Pools of blood filled the floor. Cries of grown men who held their girlfriends’ dead bodies pierced the small music concert ha ll. Futures ruined, families___43___.In an instant.Shocked and alone, I pretended to be dead for over an hour, lying among people who could see their loved ones ___44___. Holding my breath, trying to not move, not cry - not giving those men the fear they longed to see. I was___45___ lucky to survive.But so many didn’t. The people who had been there for the exact same reasons as I - to have a fun Friday night were___46___. This world is cruel. And acts like this are supposed to highlight the depravity of humans and the images of those men circling us like vultures will haunt me for the rest of my life. The way they___47___ aimed at shot people around the standing area I was in the centre of without any ___48___ for human life. It didn’t feel real. I expected any moment for someone to say it was just a(n) ___49___.But being a survivor of this horror lets me able to shed light on the heroes. you make me believe this world has the___50___to be better. To never let this happen again.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.For most people today, their GPS (Global Positioning System) has become a lifeline, giving directions to the nearest bathroom or restaurant. But the___51___ we pay for theconvenience could be our sense of___52___.“I do think GPS devices cause our navigational skills to atrophy (萎缩),” said Nora Newcombe, a psychologist at Temple University in the US who studies how the human brain ___53___. “The problem is that you don’t see an overview (概貌) of the area and where you are in relation to other things.”To understand the risk, you first need to ___54___ how our brain keeps us from getting lost. Through experiments, researchers have found that our navigational strategies usually fall into two groups.The first involves a spatial (空间的) map inside your brain. As you___55___ an area, you think about how the streets fit together and the best way to get between different locations. ___56___, the map lets you navigate between any two points in the area.The second involves a series of landmarks and steps: Turn right at the gas station, and your school is on the left. It’s quick and reliable, ___57___ less flexible – it doesn’t help you get from your school to a totally new place, even if it’s nearby.These two methods might not sound all that different, but according to Newcombe’s research, people who are bad at navigation have trouble with the first strategy –creating spatial maps. ___58___, through further studies Newcombe has come to believe that people’s ability to create spatial maps is decided by how___59___ we use the skill.That helps___60___ what happens when people trust themselves with GPS devices. According to Veronique Bohbot of McGill University, people using navigation based on direction show more activity in their caudate nucleus (尾状核) – the part of the brain that is good at following directions –but less activity in the hippocampus (海马体), which creates the spatial maps.It turns out that our sense of direction isn’t the only thing we could lose.One thing that could go is our___61___ to the environment we travel through. Researchers have found that when people___62___ GPS directions while driving, their memory of their trip is of a route on a___63___ , rather than the landscape they traveled through.___64___, researchers believe that active navigation___65___ the type of thinking used in all kinds of spatial processes. “It’s things like urban planning, and looking at a map to see where resources are. That’s not replaceable by your phone,” Newcombe said.51. A. price B. service C. attention D. curiosity52. A. balance B. direction C. control D. satisfaction53. A. works B. thinks C. learns D. navigates54. A. decide B. calculate C. understand D. predict55. A. explore B. cover C. travel D. mapB. EventuallyC. SlowlyD. Reluctantly56. A.Unfortunately57. A. even B. although C. but D. much58. A. For example B. As a result C. In fact D. What’s more59. A. often B. much C. long D. soon60. A. move B. evaluate C. explain D. detect61. A. judgment B. connection C. decision D. treatment62. A. rely on B. focus on C. object to D. adapt to63. A. window B. key C. press D. screen64. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Above all65. A. displays B. improves C. provides D. involvesSection BDirections:Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, and C, D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Not everyone who has cancer dies from it. In fact, there are nearly 12 million cancer survivors living in the United States today. However, if your loved one's cancer cannot be cured or controlled with treatment, then planning for how you and your loved one will handle the last stages of the disease can ease the burden for both of you. Ideally, you should make these decisions together, while your loved one is well enough to participate. Doing so can help give your loved one a sense of control and relieve you from having to make difficult decisions on your own at a time when you need to grieve.What kinds of things should we plan for?Palliative care:The goals of palliative care include relieving pain, improving emotional, spiritual and mental well being, and support for family members. A number of people can be involved in providing care, including members of the health care team, family, friends, a counselor or spiritual advisor. Palliative care can take place in a hospice setting.Hospice care:Talk with your loved one about hospice care and advanced directives. Hospice care is for people whose illness can’t be cured or controlled with treatment. Hospice focuses on providing the most dignified, pain-free existence possible to people in their last stage of life. Advanced directives are instructions on what kind of care your loved one wishes to receive when he or she becomes unable to make medical decisions.Financial and legal issues:You and your loved one may wish to have an accountant or lawyer help you sort through financial and legal issues. You can review items such as your loved one's insurance policies, finances and his or her will. Make a list of people who should be contacted upon the death of your loved one, such as friends and family, employer, financial advisor and members of his or her place of worship. You may also want to make a list of where to find items like important documents, computer or cell phone details, car keys, credit cards and passport. Funeral arrangements:Perhaps the most difficult part of this process is planning your loved one's funeral. Talk with your loved one about his or her preferences (for example, burial or cremation) in relation to your budget. Ask your loved one how he or she wants the service to be conducted. For example, you may want to discuss hymns or readings to include in the ceremony and people your loved one would like to have as pallbearers. Don't feel that any detail is too small to discuss. When selecting a funeral provider, be sure to compare prices, services and payment options. It will be easier to do this sooner rather than later.66. The following measures are often used in palliative care period except ____________.A. relieving the patient’s painB. improving th e mental state of the patientC. curing the patientD. supporting for family members67. What is the most important thing we should do during the hospice care stage?A. Respect the patient and providing him with comfort and careB. Talking with him about the money matters involving treatment.C. Making decision with him about the funeral issues.D. Inviting all family members and his friends to visit him.68. The underlined word pallbearers in the last paragraph most probably refer to the peoplewho_____.A. volunteer to help dying patientB. carry the coffin for the deadC. deal with burial or cremation issuesD. help the dying handle financial and legal issues69. What is the most appropriate title of the passage?A. How to Deal With DeathB. Facing Death RealisticallyC. The Last Chance for the DyingD. End-of-Life Issues for the Caregiver(B)Information on Metabolic Syndrome (新陈代谢综合征)A. high triglycerides levelB. high blood sugar after fastingC. abdominal obesityD. low HDL (good) cholesterol73. We can infer from the graph that_____________.A. keeping slim is a fashionable trend nowadays.B. stopping smoking can make us healthy mentally and physically.C. taking less meat and salt can help maintain normal blood pressure.D. a little lifestyle changing can make a big difference in our body condition.(C)The vast, rural stretches of the United States have, in many ways, defined the American spirit. Up until the 20th century, the majority of Americans lived in the countryside, in what’s called “Middle America” or “the Heartland”.But research has shown that growing up in America’s Heartland can put students at a disadvantage when it comes to their college education. This, in turn, can hinder (to make it difficult for something to develop or succeed )their social mobility.A 2015 study released by the US Department of Education investigated the gap between urban and rural college students, by concentrating on a group of high school graduates from Indiana.US’ national statistics had previously shown that only 27 percent of rural students enroll in college, compared to 37 percent of city kids.What the study found was that urban and rural students left high school with similar academic backgrounds. Yet, the rural students were more inclined to settle for two-year colleges or less selective universities, even though they had the potential to attend to better schools.The researchers say distance heavily influenced the students’ decisions. “Th e farther rural graduates’ high schools were from colleges, the more likely rural graduates were to enroll in a two-year college or to ‘undermatch’ with a college,” the report read. Many of the rural students indicated that living close to family was a priority.But the researchers also noted that resources were scarcer for the rural students. Selective universities tended to concentrate their recruitment efforts on dense, urban centers, where there were more students to meet.A rural teen’s educational opp ortunities may also depend on gender. Casey Quinlan, writing for The Atlantic, notes that rural women are more likely to marry sooner. “Early marriage occurs most frequently among young adults with low educational background,” Quinlan said, citing a 2010 study.But the problem of social mobility isn’t limited to the rural population. The United States has one of the highest rates of income inequality among developed nations. And by some measures, rural residents might have an advantage.Stanford University’s 2015 Poverty and Inequality Report found that poverty was hardest to escape in the American South, and in places with high racial segregation. It concluded that urban areas actually “tend to have lower rates of social mobility than rural areas”.“The suc cessful children growing up in rural areas do not just‘move up’ but also generally ‘move out’. That is, they typically move to large metropolitan areas, often out of their state of birth,” the report explained.Rural areas are also hoping to give their residents a boost up the social ladder. In Kansas, graduates can get $15,000 (95,297 yuan) to pay off their student debt if they move to a rural county. They keep more money in their pockets and get to enjoy more economic freedom as a result.74.What is the main reason that the rural graduates choose to enter two-year college orto ‘undermatch’ with a college?A. The graduates in the rural areas start a family as early as possible.B.Many of the graduates regard living close to family as a priority.C.A rur al teen’s educational opportunities may also depend on gender.D. Most young adults with low educational backgrounds lose the chance easily.75. The successful children growing up in rural areas do not just‘move up’but alsogenerally ‘move out’ Here ‘move up’ means that they can___________.A. enjoy luxury life like top classB. develop themselves faster than everC. come into the top class of a collegeD. climb to the top of the social ladder76. From the research released by the US Department of Education, we know that ____________.A. the gender gap might hinder the development of the graduates in the rural areaB. the distance outweighs the academic backgrounds in graduates decision makingC. the social ladder gap might stop graduates from being enrolled into better collegesD. the racial segregation stops the graduates in the rural area getting high salary77. From what author has described in the last paragraph We can predict that _______________.A. the policy might encourage girls in the rural area marry earlierB. the policy might attract more graduates to work in the rural areaC. the policy might make selective universities to focus on the rural areaD. the policy might make it easier for the graduates to develop better and fasterSection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than 10 words.The huge fortunes made by the world’s richest 100 billionaires are increasing inequality and making it difficult for the world to tackle ( handle) poverty, accordingto Oxfam.The charity said the accumulation of wealth and income often led to a reduction in secure jobs and decent wages for the poorest people. This made it more difficult for people who survive on aid or low wages to improve their situation and escape poverty.Oxfam said the world’s poorest could be taken out of poverty several times over if the richest 100 billionaires would give away the money they made in 2012.Without naming anyone, the charity argued that the $240bn made in 2012 by the richest 100 billionaires would be enough to end extreme poverty four times over.It is unusual for charities to attack the wealthy, because they are usually seen asa source of money. Bill Gates and Warren Buffett are among a group of 40 US billionaires who have said they will give much of their wealth to aid projects, but there is little detail about the level of their annual donations. Russian, Middle Eastern or Chinese billionaires have not promised to do the same.In the report, The Cost of Inequality: How Wealth and Income Extremes Hurt Us All, published just before the World Economic Forum in Davos, the charity asks world leadersto commit to reducing inequality to at least 1990 levels.The report found that the richest 1% had increased their incomes by 60% in the past20 years. And the financial crisis has sped up, not slowed, the process.Barbara Stocking, Oxfam’s Chief Executive, said studies show that countries suffer low levels of investment and growth as workers are forced to survive on a smaller shareof total incomes.She said: “We can no longer pretend that the creation of wealth for a few will benefit the many –too often the reverse is true.”The report said the issue affected all parts of the world. “In the UK, inequalityis rapidly returning to levels not seen since the nineteenth century. In China, the top 10% now earn nearly 60% of the income. Chinese inequality levels are now similar to thosein South Africa, which is now the most unequal country on Earth.”In the US, the share of national income going to the top 1% has doubled since 1980 from 10 to 20%, the report says.Members of the richest 1% are estimated to cause as much as 10,000 times more pollution than the average US citizen.Oxfam said world leaders should learn from countries such as Brazil, which has grown rapidly while reducing inequality.Stocking said: “We need to reverse decades of increasing inequality. As a first step, world leaders should formally agree to reduce inequality to th e levels seen in 1990.”She said closing tax havens, which holds as much as $31 trillion, or as much as a third of all global wealth, could collect $189bn in additional taxes.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. According to Oxfam only ______ dollars would be needed to tackle world poverty.79. Why do Oxfam especially criticize billionaires in China, Russia and the Middle East?80. In what way is it claimed that billionaires cause environmental damage?81. What one action could relieve much of the poverty in the world?第II卷（共 47 分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.不好意思，他现在不在，请过会儿再来电。
【高三英语试题精选】上海市十三校2018届高三下学期联考英语试卷
上海市十三校2018届高三下学期联考英语试卷上海市十三校made foodSection BDirections In Section B you will hear two short passages , and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heardQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage 11．A．To practice biology and geologyB．To solve pollution problemC．To protect the natural environmentD．To develop knowledge and skills for a better natural environment12．A．Engineering or social science B．Engineering or natural scienceC．Natural scienceD．Biology, geology and chemistry13．A．It encourages undergraduates to do researchB．It provides many research discussionsC．It involves a lot of advanced equipmentD．It is very profitable and usefulQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following news 14．A．HoAntarctica’s environment has been damagedB．HoAntarctica’s environment can be protectedC．HoAntarctica should be dividedD．HoAntarctica’s resources should be used15．A．117B．170C．270D．37016．A．Rome B．SpainC．ItalyD．West Germany。
上海市十三校2014届高三上学期联考英语试题
2013年高三调研考英语试卷2013.12.13考试时间：120分钟满分：150分第一卷（共103分）I. Listening Comprehension (30分）Section ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard。
1. A. A student。
B. A secretary. C. A teacher。
D. A boss.2. A。
In the department store. B. At the airport.C。
At the railway station. D。
At the furniture store.3. A. By car. B. By bike. C。
By bus。
D. On foot。
4。
A. The English test took place a week ago.B。
The woman was confident about the English test。
C. Tomorrow’s English test will be easy。
上海市十三校2014届高三上学期联考英语试题
2013年高三调研考英语试卷2013.12.13考试时间：120分钟满分:150分第一卷(共103分）I. Listening Comprehension （30分）Section ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers。
At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once。
After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard。
1。
A. A student. B。
A secretary。
C。
A teacher. D. A boss.2. A。
In the department store。
B. At the airport。
C. At the railway station。
D。
At the furniture store.3。
A。
By car. B。
By bike. C。
By bus. D。
On foot。
4. A。
The English test took place a week ago。
B. The woman was confident about the English test。
C。
Tomorrow’s English test will be easy.D. There won’t be an English test tomorrow.5. A。
2022届上海市十三校高考冲刺模拟英语试题(含解析)
2022学年高考英语模拟测试卷注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。
2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．_________ his conclusion on the evidence he collected on the scene, he proved that the murderer was guilty. A．Based B．BasingC．To base D．Being based2．I think it a great honor _____ to visit your country.A．to invite B．inviting C．having invited D．to be invited3．I thought it hard to complete the project at first, but I______my mind.A．change B．have changedC．had changed D．would change4．After three years of preparation for the 2011 Xi’an International Horticultural Expo (西安园博)会），the city is presenting the world______ many people think is the green Special Olympics．A．that B．which C．what D．where5．—The terrible accident is under investigation.—Actually, quicker action _________ those workers trapped in the mine.A．might have saved B．must have saved C．should have saved D．could have saved6．If we use the new recycling method, a large number of trees .A．are saved B．will save C．will be saved D．have saved7．The earthquake in Japan, measuring 9.0 on the Richter Scale, was so violent _______ cause a series of explosions of the nuclear reactors in several power stations.A．to B．that C．as to D．as that8．More wild tigers have been seen in the forest around this area, ____ there used to be very few.A．when B．where C．what D．which9．If you leave this application form and go to another website, you will lose ______ you have already filled out on this form.A．whatever B．whoeverC．wherever D．whenever10．________ who are able to work through the struggle are the ________ who are going to be successful. A．Someone; one B．Anyone; oneC．He; ones D．Those; ones11．No one believes his reasons for being late that he was caught in a traffic jam, _______ made him embarrassed. A．it B．which C．that D．why12．The differences the children’s achievements can not be completely explained ________ their social backgrounds. A．in front of B．in case ofC．in need of D．in charge of13．According to a recent study, the high school graduation rate for black men has fallen by 43 percent, while ________ of black women has risen by 56 percent.A．that B．whatC．one D．which14．We all agree that it is good to help those in need, but when ______ comes to giving away our money, things become strange.A．that B．this C．it D．one15．The young violinist is very excited because the concert given by him has never been _____.A．successful B．more successfulC．most successful D．the most successful16．During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _____ not to touch an unattended bag.A．had always been warned B．were always being warnedC．are always warning D．always warned17．My son turned to bookstores and libraries seeking information about the book recommended by his professor, but ________ none.A．would find B．had foundC．found D．has been finding18．One should accomplish tasks____________ instead of always tuning to others for help.A．independently B．activelyC．skillfully D．voluntarily19．Believe it or not, it is ________________ that causes your illness.A．because of your being overweight B．because you are overweightC．you are so overweight D．your being overweight20．After making the speech, he went through it in his mind to reflect where he_________ better.A．could do B．would do C．could have done D．would have done第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
上海市十三校2014届高三上学期联考英语试题
2013年高三调研考英语试卷2013.12.13考试时间:120分钟满分：150分第一卷(共103分)I。
Listening Comprehension (30分)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard。
1。
A. A student。
B。
A secretary。
C。
A teacher. D. A boss。
2. A. In the department store. B。
At the airport.C. At the railway station。
D。
At the furniture store。
3。
A. By car. B. By bike。
C. By bus. D. On foot.4。
A. The English test took place a week ago。
B。
The woman was confident about the English test.C. Tomorrow’s English test will be easy。
上海市十三校2014届高三上学期联考英语试题
2013年高三调研考英语试卷2013.12.13考试时间：120分钟满分:150分第一卷（共103分)I。
Listening Comprehension （30分）Section ADirections: In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers。
At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said。
The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once。
After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1。
A。
A student。
B。
A secretary. C. A teacher。
D。
A boss。
2. A。
In the department store. B. At the airport。
C. At the railway station. D。
At the furniture store.3. A。
By car。
B。
By bike。
C. By bus. D。
On foot.4。
A. The English test took place a week ago。
B. The woman was confident about the English test。
C。
Tomorrow's English test will be easy.D。
2022-2023学年上海市普通中学三校联考高三英语第一学期期末教学质量检测模拟试题含解析
2022-2023高三上英语期末模拟试卷注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree ______ people view “volunteer” as an important social role. A．by which B．to which C．in which D．from which2．___________the effect of culture shock, he is trying to read a lot about it before going to France for further study.A．To reduce B．ReducedC．Reducing D．Having reduced3．Private cars will be required to stay off roads one out of five weekdays ____ the traffic pressure.A．to reduce B．reducing C．reduced D．reduce4．The desks in our classroom are so close together that there is not enough room to move them．A．between B．in C．across D．over5．The new local law in Nanjing says parents not physically harm young children or expose them to long-term hunger as a punishment.A．can B．shallC．will D．need6．I was ill that day, otherwise I _______the sports meet.A．took part in B．would have taken part inC．had taken part in D．would take part in7．It's great that all the visitors who on the island were saved. A．trapped B．have been trappedC．had trapped D．had been trapped8．—The movie Till Death Do Us Part 《最爱》will be on at 8 pm．What about picking you up at 7pm?—All right．I will have come back from work by then, and I you at home．A．will be waiting for B．will wait for C．have been waiting for D．am waiting for 9．They felt ________ it was high tax and low income ________ contributed to the extreme misery of the working people at the bottom of the ladder.A．/；that B．that; whichC．that; what D．/; which10．________ your generous help, I do believe I have a better understanding of your country and culture.A．But for B．Out ofC．Thanks to D．As to11．—The T--shirt I received is not the same as is shown online.—________？But I promise you we’ll look into it right away.A．Who says B．How comeC．What for D．Why worry12．Mr. Zhang gave all textbooks to all the pupils, except ____________ who had already taken them.A．these B．onesC．those D．the others13．They’ve seen many famous scholars in the conference. How I wish I ______ it! A．have attended B．will attendC．would attend D．had attended14．Halfway through the chapter ____ I didn’t take anything in.A．did I realize B．had I realizedC．I realized D．I would realize15．________ back in his chair, the man began to tell us his adventures in the forests. A．Sit B．Sitting C．To sit D．Sat16．By the side of the teaching building of our school _____, which was completed in 2009.A．there standing the library B．does the library standC．the library stands D．stands the library17．It is believed that many more popular terms ________ on the Internet this year. A．will be created B．have createdC．are created D．are creating18．Among the young people, there is a growing tendency _____ money more highly than quality of life.A．regarding B．to regarding C．to regard D．regarded19．—I have got a headache.—No wonder.You___in front of that computer too long.A．work B．are workingC．have been working D．worked20．—Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere.—He went to the library after breakfast and ________ his essay there ever since. A．wrote B．had written C．has been writing D．is writing第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
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上海市13校联合体2011届高三年级12月联合考试英语试卷第Ⅰ卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirection: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Each conversation and question will be spoken only one. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．A．A waiter. B．A conductor.C．A booking clerk. D．A shop assistant.2．A．A boss and a salesgirl.B．A teacher and his student.C．A professor and his assistant. D．An assistant and his customer.3．A．He didn’t sleep well last night. B．He is going to play a game.C．He is lying in bed. D．He had a sleep problem.4．A．In the bookstore. B．By the window.C．In the restaurant. D．By the window.5．A．Even if she is a messenger, she doesn’t help the man.B．She doesn’t know Mike, so she can’t give the note to him.C．She’s not willing to help the man to give the note to Mike.D．She has lots of messages to send.6．A．The golf tournament made it famous.B．It’s grown a lot lately.C．It can’t be found without a map.D．V ery few people there play golf.7．A．She’s only heard it a few times.B．She doesn’t get to listen to it very often.C．She once liked it, but she’s heard enough.D．She enjoys it very much.8．A．If his name sounds familiar. B．If she’s spoken to him on the phone.C．If he’s a musician. D．If she likes his name.9．A．He doesn’t mind the traffic.B．He takes the bus to school.C．He has to stand on the bus if he takes it to school.D．He wants to ride to school with the woman.10．A．At 18:00. B．At 16:00. C．At 19:00. D．At 17:00.Section BDirection:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11．A．They watch TV too often.B．They have done too much homework.C．They have to fulfil too many duties.D．Teachers are too strict with them.12．A．On learning Latin.B．On discipline.C．On natural development.D．On education at school.13．A．Parents should leave their children alone.B．Kids should have more activities at school.C．It’s time to be more strict with our kids.D．Parents should always set a good example to their kids.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passages.14．A．Searched for missiles.B．Searched for nuclear materials.C．Searched for missiles and chemical weapons.D．Attacked the people there.15．A．A year. B．Two weeks. C．Two months. D．Two years.16．A．Turkey. B．USA.C．UN. D．Germany and the Netherlands.Section ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25．The sign on the door reads: ―In case of fire, break the glass and push red button.‖A．不填, a B．不填, the C．the, the D．a, a26．--- How’s your new job, Tom? I remember when it was that you started it.--- I started it half a year ago.A．shouldn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t 27．The range discount cars issued by Golf Corps are still being honored, but are being sold.A．none B．nothing C．neither D．no28293031323334A．to face B．facing C．faced D．having faced 35．--- What is it that made Peter so happy and excited?--- a volunteer for Shanghai 2010 World Expo.A．To choose B．Because chosen C．Being chosen D．Having chosen36．All the neighbors admire the family the parents are treating their child like a friend.A．why B．where C．that D．which37．Bill Bank stayed in Pyramid Hotel he was in Cairo.A．the last time B．last time C．a last time D．for the last time38．Having been attacked by the terrorists, .3940lack of funding and appropriate protection 41 , the fossils were beginning to weather and oxidize. If the situation 42 , these fossils will become 43 a pile of dust. In a showroom without any temperature or humidity-setting facilities, the fossils are 44 in and around a sand pan, 45 with thick dust. Most of the collection is a 20 –metre – long, five – metre – high skeleton believed to have existed in the late Cretacuous period, when dinosaurs began to become 46 . It is rare 47 anywhere in the world. It took five years to unearth and clean up the skeleton,6 / 20or made available for research as there were no exhibition halls or protection facilities. The local government has begun to take notice of the problem. Recently experts and local officials have sat together to discuss the possibility of raising funds to build a provincial nature museum.III. Reading Comprehension:and rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute before the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can 64 a lot more reading material in a short period of time. 50．A ．applying B ．doing C ．offering D ．getting 51．A ．good B ．eager C ．poor D ．urgent 52．A ．trainingB ．habitsC ．situationsD ．custom7 / 2053．A ．lies B ．combines C ．touches D ．involves 54．A ．some B ．a lot C ．little D ．dull55．A ．Fortunately B ．In fact C ．Logically D ．Unfortunately 56．A ．reuse B ．reread C ．rewrite D ．recite 57．A ．scales B ．cuts C ．slows D ．measures 58．A ．accelerator B ．actor C ．applicator D ．observer 59．A ．then B ．as C ．beyond D ．than 60．A ．enabling B ．leading C ．making D ．indicating 61．A ．meaning B ．comprehension C ．content D ．regression 62．A ．but B ．nor C ．or D ．for 63．A ．Look at B ．Take C ．Make D ．Consider 64．A ．master B ．go overC ．presentD ．get throughSection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AAfter numerous false starts and broken promises, and nearly 184m gallons of crude oil gushed into the ecologically rich waters of the Gulf of Mexico, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill was at last brought under control on July 16. So far, both the long – term effects of the oil spill have been studied comprehensively.According to the report by Friends of the Earth US, in the 85 days of the leak, 1,387 birds, 444 sea turtles, and 53 mammals were found dead in the Gulf. Nonetheless, the damage yet to be revealed will be far worse than a few dead birds and tar balls along 500 miles of coast. Dolphins, whale sharks and sea turtles numbers will almost certainly have been hit hard, and some populations may not ecover for years. Fish and shrimp – breeding habitats will have been hit. Deep coral ceefs, which can take centuries to grow, may also have been affected.The oil that gushed also added to natural oil and gas leaks into Gulf waters. These occur all the time from the sea bed, and the US Department of Energy estimates that there may be 5,000 active ―seeps ‖ in the northern Gulf alone. One researcher calculated in 2000 that 500,000 barrels of oil-84m gallons-naturally gets into the Gulf each year, but is never cleaned up.The Gulf is also heavily polluted by nitrogen（氮）and phosphorus（磷）from fertilisers and livestock waste washed down the vast Mississippi river from farms and industry. Every year, a massive oxygen-starved region known as the "dead zone" develops off the coast of Louisiana in which nothing can live. Last month, the US government’s National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) said it expected this year’s "zone" to be between 6,500 and 7,800 square miles, the 10th largest ever. No one knows yet how the oil spill may affect it.(656667C．Britain D．the U. S. and BritainBClearly if we are to participate in the society in which we live, we must communicate with other people. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-to-person basis by the simple means of speech. If we travel in buses，buy things in shops，or eat in restaurants，we are likely to have conversations where we give information or opinions，receive news or comment，and very likely have our views challenged by other members of society.Face to face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during the last two hundred years the art of mass communication has become one of the dominating factors of contemporary society. Two things，above others，have caused the enormous growth of the communication industry. Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances imprinting，telecommunications photography，radio and television. Secondly，speed has revolutionized the transmission（传输）and reception of communications so that local news often takes a back seat to national news，which itself is often almost eclipsed by international news.No longer is the possession of information confined to a privileged minority. In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate，but today there are public libraries. For years ago people used to flock to the cinema，but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a programme that is being channeled into millions of homes.Communication is no longer merely concerned with the transmission of information. The modem communication industry influences the way people live in society and broadens their horizons by allowing access to information，education and entertainment. The printing，broadcasting and advertising industries are all involved with informing，educating and entertaining.Although a great deal of the material communicated by the mass media is very valuable to the individual and to the society of which he is part，the vast modem network of communications is open to abuse（滥用）. However，the mass media are with us for better，for worse，and there is no turning back.68．In the first paragraph the writer emphasizes the of face-to-face contact in social setting.A．nature B．limitation C．creativity D．usefulness69．It is implied in the passage that .A．local news used to be the only source of informationB．local news still takes a significant placeC．national news is becoming more popularD．international news is the fastest transmitted news70．Which of the following statements is NOT true?A．To possess information used to be a privilege.B．Public libraries have replaced private libraries.C．Communication means more than transmission.D．In formation influences ways of life and thinking.71．From the last paragraph we can infer that the writer is .A．indifferent to the harmful influence of the mass mediaB．happy about the flexible changes in the mass mediaC．pessimistic about the future of the mass mediaD．concerned about the wrong use of the mass mediaCPsychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to ―think and concentrate‖. Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived of cigarettes through a series of tests.In the first test, each subject sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and non-smokers performed equally well.The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁), active smokers were faster than deprived smokers.In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details.“As our tests became more complex,”sums up Spilich, “non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins”He predicts, “smokers might perform adequately at many jobs-until they got complicated.A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity.‖72．What is the purpose of Spilich’s experiment?A．To test if smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers.B．To see whether smoking helps people’s short-term memory.C．To prove that smoking affects people’s regular performance.D．To show how smoking damages people’s regular performance.73．The underlined word ―bested‖ mostly means .A．beat B．enviedC．caught up with D．made the best of74．Which of the following statements is true?A．Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.B．Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.C．Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.D．Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.75．What can we infer from the last paragraph?A．Smokers should not expect to become airline pilots.B．Smoking in emergency cases causes mental illness.C．No airline pilots smoke during flights.D．Smokers may prove unequal to non-smokers in handling emergency cases.Section CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A．Hollywood-a Place Associated with Film and TVB．Famous Film Factories in HollywoodC．Other Entertainment Businesses in HollywoodD．Hollywood, where Actors Begin Their DreamsE．Major Films Produced in HollywoodF．How the American Movie Industry Was Born76.12 / 20 the western United States, Hollywood pretty much shows what the American film and television industry is all about. The many functions that are required to make a film product can all happen in this one location. This includes filming in studios, film editing, post-production and even casting of actors.77.Hollywood is every actor ’s dream. It has given fame and fortune to many names and faces for almost a century.fact, their businesses in Hollywood.Section DDirections: Read the following passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Y ou ’re lost in the world of dreams while sleeping. Y ou roll over, smiling as you encounter a swimming pool filledwith chocolate. And then your wonderful dream becomes a nightmare where someone is screaming ―CET UP!‖—This is just what every teenager goes through each morning!Now, there seems to be one school that finally understands that requiring teens to show up at 9:00 a. m. is cruel to both the kids and the school. The Monkseaton High School in Britain recently did an experiment to see if there was any difference in student behavior if they just pouched back the start of their day by one hour, from 9:0 a. m. to 10:00 a. m.81828384第Ⅱ卷I. T ranslation:Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.1．千万不要在阳光下晒得太久，否则你的皮肤会晒伤。