考研英语水平测试
西安建筑科技大学624英语水平测试2019考研专业课真题
A.token B. representation C. tone D. expression
9.It will be safer to walk the streets because people will not need to carry large amounts of cash; virtually all financial ____ will be conducted by smart phones.
A.retain B. maintain C. remain D. sustain
西安建筑科技大学
2019年攻读硕士学位研究生招生考试试题
(答案书写在本试题纸上无效。考试结束后本试题纸须附在答题纸内交回)共4页
考试科目:（624）英语水平测试
适用专业:戏剧与影视学
I.Multiple Choice (30 points / 1 point each )
Directions:There are 30 statements in this part. You are required to complete each statement by choosing the appropriate answer from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Then write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
2.In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent notions of male ____ are hard to maintain.
天津卓越考研分享-考研英语阶段测试卷一(含答案)
考研英语阶段测试卷一一、写出下列单词的所有中文含义。
（每个3分，共60分。
）1.aggressive2.wholesale3.conform4.deprive5.multiply6.booming7.corruption8.reap9.surge10.tempting 11.successive12.reckon13.submit14.facility15.broadcast16.proposal17.gear18.swiftlypse20.ascertain二、翻译。
（第一、二题分别15分，第三题10分，共40分。
）1.On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he wasa good observer, he had no power of reasoning.2.We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education-that of direct tuition or schooling.3.In fact，it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.考研英语阶段测试卷一（答案）8月11日英语晨测答案三、写出下列单词的所有中文含义。
考研pets3
考研pets3摘要：一、考研简介1.考研的重要性2.考研的分类二、PETS3 简介1.PETS3 考试的目的2.PETS3 考试的内容3.PETS3 考试的难度三、考研与PETS3 的关系1.考研对PETS3 成绩的要求2.PETS3 对考研的帮助四、备考建议1.备考时间安排2.备考方法3.备考资源正文：一、考研简介考研，即考试招生研究生。
在我国，考研是许多大学生毕业后选择继续深造的重要途径。
通过考研，学生可以在专业领域进行更深入的学习和研究，提高自己的综合素质和就业竞争力。
根据专业和学校的不同，考研可以分为学术型研究生考试和专业型研究生考试。
二、PETS3 简介PETS3（Public English Test System Level 3）是公共英语三级考试，是我国高校英语教育体系中设立的一种英语水平测试。
PETS3 考试旨在检验考生的英语听、说、读、写、译等综合语言运用能力，帮助考生提高英语应用能力，满足他们在学术、职业和社会交往等方面的需要。
1.PETS3 考试的目的PETS3 考试主要测试考生的英语应用能力，检验他们在学习、生活和工作中的英语实际运用水平。
通过PETS3 考试，考生可以证明自己具备一定的英语沟通能力，有利于提高就业竞争力和职场发展。
2.PETS3 考试的内容PETS3 考试包括听力、阅读、写作和翻译四个部分。
听力部分要求考生听懂日常英语对话和学术讲座等内容；阅读部分要求考生阅读各种英文文章并回答问题；写作部分要求考生根据题目要求进行创意写作；翻译部分要求考生将中文翻译成英文或英文翻译成中文。
3.PETS3 考试的难度PETS3 考试的难度相当于大学英语四级考试（CET4）和英语专业四级考试（TEM4）之间。
通过PETS3 考试，考生可以在一定程度上证明自己的英语水平已经达到较高的水平。
三、考研与PETS3 的关系1.考研对PETS3 成绩的要求在我国许多高校的研究生招生简章中，通常会对考生的PETS3 成绩提出一定的要求。
2019年广东暨南大学英语水平考研真题
2019年广东暨南大学英语水平考研真题Part I. Vocabulary and Structure (30 points)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.1. The district _______ was established by the government a few years ago.A. councilB. counselC. consoleD. consul2. Heavy rainfall in the south of England means that flooding is____.A. imminentB. momentousC. transientD. prospective3. Early studies often concluded that the public was ________ the propagandistic influence of mass communications, but one recent study indicates that, on the contrary, mass communications seldom produce marked changes in social attitudes or actions.A. unaware ofB. scornful ofC. susceptible toD. coping with4. This composer has never courted popularity: her rugged modernism seems to defy rather than to ________ the audience.A. ignoreB. discountC. teachD. woo5. ___________, we have to adopt new measures to solve the problem.A. So is the situationB. That being the caseC. That is the caseD. The situation is so6. The school agree to ___ their decision until they had spoken to the young boy’s parents.A. convertB. retainC. deterD. expel7. When a psychologist does a general experiment on the human mind he selects people________ and asks them questions.A. at lengthB. at randomC. in essenceD. in bulk8. She is careful with her money, and spends only a ______ of her earnings.A. fragmentB. sectionC. fragrantD. fraction9. Proposed changes that are not _________ with exiting safety regulations will not be considered.A. dependentB. compliantC. relatingD. supportive10. Please note that customs regulations do not permit the shipment of ______ items.A. perishableB. compatibleC. sustainableD. incredible11. Reporters and photographers alike took great _________at the rude way the actor behaved during the interview.A. annoyanceB. offenceC. resentmentD. irritation12. Advances in food preservation gave consumers in developed countries access to_______all foods grown in distant lands.A. extensivelyB. virtuallyC. artificiallyD. continually13. The music aroused an________feeling of homesickness in him.A. intrinsicB. intentionalC. intermittentD. intense14. An institution that properly carries the name university is a more comprehensive and complex institution than any other kind of higher education__________.A. settlementB. establishmentC. constructionD. structure15. “If we fail to act now,”said Tom, “We’ll find ourselves __________in action later on.”A. paid backB. paid forC. paid upD. paid off16. If you want children to work hard you must ________their interests instead of their sense of duty.A. appeal toB. look intoC. give rise toD. go in for17. I really appreciate _______ to help me, but I am sure that I will be able to manage by myself.A. that you offerB. you to offerC. your offeringD. that you are offering18. Heredity accounts for 50% to 60% of a woman’s ________ to alcoholism, about the same as for men.A. devastationB. vulnerabilityC. pharmacyD. fibrosis19. Although the false banknotes fooled many people, they didn’t __________ to close examination.A. keep upB. put upC. stand upD. pay up20. The ink had faded with time and so parts of the letter were _________.A. illiterateB. illegibleC. illegitimateD. illegal21. Policeman _______ very busy.A. nearly are alwaysB. always are nearlyC. always nearly areD. are nearly always22. The media once portrayed the governor as anything but ineffective; they now, however, make her out to be the epitome of __________.A. fecklessnessB. brillianceC. dynamismD. egoism23. The girl was sorry to __________ the singers when she arrived at the airport.A. be missedB. being missedC. have been missedD. have missed24. The greatest obstacle to economic and environmental improvements in the developing countries is their __________ foreign debts.A. reminiscentB. degenerativeC. mammothD. ethical25. Materials presenting permanent deformations after the disappearance of the loads are said ______ plastically.A. to have behavedB. behavingC. to behaveD. behavior26. The best way to control rats is by seeing that they have as _________.A. possibly little nourishmentB. nourishment possible littleC. little as possible nourishmentD. little nourishment as possible27. Oceans play a major role in climate, often serving to ________ extremes of hot or cold.A. exacerbateB. temperC. concealD. obscure28. _________ is intrinsic to language, but writers should nevertheless strive to be as precise as possible.A. EquivocationB. AmbiguityC. MalapropismD. Innuendo29. The fact that irony is __________ means that the listener (or reader) who “gets it”is able to feel superior to those who do not understand it.A. subtleB. humorousC. situationalD. generic30. All the flights ________because of the snowstorm, we had to take the train instead.A. were canceledB. had been canceledC. having canceledD. having been canceledPart II. Proof-reading and Error Correction(10 points)Directions:Proofread the given passage as instructed. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word Underline the wrong and write the correct one in the blank provided on the answer sheet.For a missing word Mark the position of the missing word with a “∧”sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided on the answer sheet.For an unnecessary word Cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/”and put the word in the blank provided on the answer sheet.What is the advantage which we may hope to derive a study of the political writers of the past? An earlier view would have provided a simple answer to this question. A work of politics, itwould have been said, is the handbook of an art, the art of governing. Just as a man of superior skill in the art of carpentry may compile a work in which his skill is made available to those who inspire to be good carpenters, so a man of inferior wisdom in the art of politics may set down his knowledge in a book for the construction of those whose business it is to find, govern, or preserve states. If this is what political theory is, there is no difficulty in determining what advantage may be expected from the study of great political works. They will be insulted by those who have to govern states. But this is certainly not the advantage which a modern reader can be compromised from a study of their works. This entire conception of politics as an art and of the political philosopher as the teacher of it rests upon assumptions which it is possible to accept. If it were correct, the writers of political theory would need to be themselves past masters in the art of governing, and statesmen would need to apprentice themselves to them in order to learn their job. But we find that this is not so. Few political philosophers have themselves exhibited any master of the art of governing, and few successful statesmen have owed up their success to the study of political writings.1. ____________2. ____________3. ____________4. ____________5. ____________6. ____________7. ____________8. ____________9. ____________10. ____________Part III. Cloze (20 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. You are required to read the passage and fill in each bank with a word from the word bank, and change the form where necessary. Do not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.combing intricate heyday churning utilitarian pillars tiers descending paving relaxation irrigation architecturally dotted craters level positioned inhabitants access aquifer passagesDuring the sixth and seventh centuries, the 1 of the modern-day states of Gujarat and Rajasthan in North-western India developed a method of gaining 2 to clean, fresh groundwater during the dry season for drinking, bathing, watering animals and 3 . However, the significance of this invention –the stepwell —goes beyond its 4 application. Unique to this region, stepwells are often 5 complex and vary widely in size and shape. During their 6 , they were places of gathering, of leisure and 7 and of worship for villagers of all but the lowest classes. Most stepwells are found 8 round the desert areas of Gujarat (where they are called vav) and Rajasthan (where they are called baori), while a few also survive in Delhi. Some were located in or near villages as public spaces for the community; others were 9 beside roads as resting places for travellers.As their name suggests, stepwells comprise a series of stone steps 10 from ground level to the water source, (normally are underground 11 ) as it recedes following the rains. When the water 12 was high, the user needed only to descend a few steps to reach it; when it was low, several levels would have to be negotiated. Some wells are vast, open 13 with hundreds of steps 14 each sloping side, often in 15 . Others are more elaborate, with long stepped 16 leading to the water via several storeys. Built from stone and supported by 17 , they also included pavilions that sheltered visitors from the relentless heat. But perhaps the most impressive features are the 18 decorative sculptures that embellish many stepwells, showing activities from fighting and dancing to everyday acts such as women 19 their hair or 20 butter.Part IV. Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions: In this section, there are three passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer and write the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1A wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing. So, as a police officer, I have some urgent things to say to good people.Day after day my men and I struggle to hold back a tidal wave of crime. Something has gone terribly wrong with our once-proud American way of life. It has happened in the area of values.A key ingredient is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability. Accountability isn’t hard to define. It means that every person is responsible for his or her actions and liable for their consequences. Of the many values that hold civilization together —honesty, kindness, and so on —accountability may be the most important of all. Without it, there can be no respect, no trust, no law —and, ultimately, no society.My job as a police officer is to impose accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to impose it on themselves. But as every policeman knows, external controls on people’s behavior are far less effective than internal restraints such as guilt, shame andembarrassment.Fortunately there are still communities —smaller towns, usually —where schools maintain discipline and where parents hold up standards that proclaim: “In this family certain things are not tolerated —they simply are not done!”Yet more and more, especially in our larger cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are loosening. Your typical robber has none. He considers your property his property; he takes what he wants, including your life if you enrage him.The main cause of this breakdown is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, it’s the criminal who is considered victimized: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didn’t teach him to read, by the church that failed to reach him with moral guidance, by the parents who didn’t provide a stable home.I don’t believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless excuses where no one accepts responsibility for anything.We in America desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it.1. What the wise man said suggests that ________.A. it’s unnecessary for good people to do anything in face of evilB. it’s certain that evil will prevail if good men do nothing about itC. it’s only natural for virtue to defeat evilD. it’s desirable for good men to keep away from evil2. According to the author, if a person is found guilty of a crime, ________.A. society is to be held responsibleB. modern civilization is responsible for itC. the criminal himself should bear the blameD. the standards of living should be improved3. Compared with those in small towns, people in large cities have ________.A. less self-disciplineB. better sense of disciplineC. more mutual respectD. less effective government4. The writer is sorry to have noticed that ________.A. people in large cities tend to excuse criminalsB. people in small towns still stick to old discipline and standardsC. today’s society lacks sympathy for people in difficultyD. people in disadvantaged circumstances are engaged in criminal activities5. The key point of the passage is that ________.A. stricter discipline should be maintained in schools and familiesB. more good examples should be set for people to followC. more restrictions should be imposed on people’s behaviorD. more people should accept the value of accountabilityPassage 2It is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters behind the wheel. It is very well, again, to have a tiger in the tank, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter altogether. You might tolerate the odd road-hog, the rude and inconsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule. Perhaps the situation calls for a “Be Kind to Other Drivers”campaign, otherwise it may get completely out of hand.Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern trafficconditions. But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway; or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to. It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies.A veteran driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists learnt to filter correctly into traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad temper. Unfortunately, modern motorists can’t even learn to drive, let alone master the subtler aspects of boatmanship. Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.6. According to this passage, troubles on the road are primarily caused by ________.A. people’s attitude towards the road-hogB. the rhythm of modern lifeC. the behavior of the driverD. traffic conditions7. The sentence “You might tolerate the odd road-hog... the rule.”(Para. 1) implies that ________.A. our society is unjust towards well-mannered motoristsB. rude drivers can be met only occasionallyC. the well-mannered motorist cannot tolerate the road-hogD. nowadays impolite drivers constitute the majority of motorists8. By “good sense,”the writer means ________.A. the driver’s ability to understand and react reasonablyB. the driver’s prompt response to difficult and severe conditionsC. the driver’s tolerance of rude or even savage behaviorD. the driver’s acknowledgement of politeness and regulations9. Experts have long pointed out that in the face of car-ownership explosion, ________.A. road users should make more sacrificeB. drivers should be ready to yield to each otherC. drivers should have more communication among themselvesD. drivers will suffer great loss if they pay no respect to others10. In the writer’s opinion, ________.A. strict traffic regulations are badly neededB. drivers should apply road politeness properlyC. rude drivers should be punishedD. drivers should avoid traffic jamsPassage 3The idea that the sun has an almost unambiguously benign effect on our planet appears, on the surface, to be an incontrovertible one. Few people realize, however, that certain events on the sun can have disastrous consequences for life here on Earth. The geomagnetic storm is one such phenomenon. These storms begin on the surface of the sun when a group of sunspots creates a burst of electromagnetic radiation. These bursts thrust billions of tons of ionized gas, known as plasma, into space; scientists refer to these solar projections as coronal mass ejections (CMEs). After this initial explosion, the CME gets caught up in a shower of particles, also known as a “solar wind”, that continuously rains down on the Earth from the sun.The last recorded instance of a major CME occurred in 1989, when the resulting geomagnetic storm knocked out an entire electrical power grid, depriving over six million energy consumers of power for an extended period. As we become increasingly dependent on new technologies to sustain ourselves in our day-to-day activities, the potential havoc wrought by a major CME becomes even more distressing. Scientists conjecture that a “perfect storm”would have the potential to knock out power grids across the globe and create disruptions in the orbit of low-altitude communication satellites, rendering such satellites practically useless.What troubles scientists most about these “perfect storms”is not only their potential forinterstellar mischief, but also the fact that they are so difficult to forecast. For one thing, remarkable though these solar occurrences might be, they are still a relatively rare phenomenon, and the few existing records regarding major CMEs provide researchers with scant information from which to draw conclusions about their behavior. Solar storm watchers are frustrated by yet another limitation: time. CMEs have been known to travel through space at speeds approaching 5 million miles per hour, which means that they can cover the 93 million miles between the sun and the Earth in well under 20 hours (Some have been known to travel the same distance in as little as 14 hours.). The difficulties created by this narrow window of opportunity are compounded by the fact that scientists are able to determine the orientation of a CME’s magnetic field only about 30 minutes before it reaches the atmosphere, giving them little or no time to predict the storm’s potential impact on the surface.Some world organizations hope to combat this problem by placing a satellite in orbit around the sun to monitor activity on its surface, in the hope that this will buy scientists more time to predict the occurrence and intensity of geomagnetic storms. In the meantime, many energy providers are responding to the CME threat by installing voltage control equipment and limiting the volume of electricity generated by some power stations.11. The primary purpose of this passage is ________.A. to inform readers about CMEs and their effects on electrical circuitry on EarthB. to persuade readers that CMEs are a problem that both governments and individualcitizens need to combatC. to inform readers about a potentially dangerous phenomenon and the difficulties in addressing that dangerD. to convince readers that cultural dependence on electricity jeopardizes everyone12. Which of the following can most reasonably be inferred about the significant CME that took place in 1989?A. The next geomagnetic storm that occurs will be much worse.B. The window of opportunity for foreseeing similar storms in the future is even smaller now.C. Its effects were limited to knocking out a power grid, depriving customers of power for a week.D. A geomagnetic storm of similar magnitude could easily cause more extensive damage andhardship in today’s society.13. The author uses the term “compounded by”in the penultimate paragraph to ________.A. emphasize the fact that these researchers face even more stringent time limits than thosealready mentionedB. assert that the scientists working to predict CMEs are not given adequate time to do so successfullyC. disprove the notion that the orientation of CMEs affects the length of time available forscientific inquiry into this phenomenonD. caution readers that speculations of energy providers might heighten the uncertainty raisedby CMEs14. Which of the following were mentioned as factors contributing to the difficulty of forecasting CMEs?I. Limited available time in which to determine orientationII. The tendency of voltage controls to be overridden by electrical surgesIII. Insufficient data upon which to base assessments of past behaviorA. I onlyB. I and II onlyC. I and III onlyD. II and III only15. With which of the following statements would be the author of this article be most likely to agree?A. Individuals should join in the fight to protect today’s energy-dependent society from the harm caused by CMEs by raising money to support research.B. In the next decade, a “perfect storm”will interrupt power supplies and cause extensiveinconvenience and loss of services.C. We should learn more about the potential dangers of CMEs, but few steps can be taken toalter such storms’effects.D. Each of us should view a significant CME as a real possibility but should also expect thatleaders will have effective protective measures in place before such an event.Part V. Translation (30 points)Section A. Chinese to English (15 points): Translate the following into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.连接广东珠海、香港和澳门的全球最长跨海大桥—港珠澳大桥主桥建设工程于本周二全线贯通。
考研英语一真题试卷结构
考研英语一真题试卷结构
考研英语一，即全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）部分，是针
对非英语专业考生的英语能力测试。
试卷结构通常包括以下几个部分：
一、听力部分
听力部分通常由短对话、长对话和短文理解组成，旨在考察考生的听
力理解能力。
短对话和长对话通常涉及日常生活、学术讨论等场景，
而短文理解则可能包含新闻报道、讲座摘要等。
二、阅读理解部分
阅读理解是考研英语一的重点，包括快速阅读、仔细阅读和新题型。
快速阅读要求考生在有限的时间内快速捕捉文章的主旨大意；仔细阅
读则要求考生深入理解文章的细节信息；新题型可能包括信息匹配、
判断题等，考察考生的逻辑推理和信息整合能力。
三、完形填空部分
完形填空部分提供一篇短文，其中包含若干空缺，考生需要根据上下
文和语境选择合适的词汇或短语填空，以恢复文章的完整性。
四、翻译部分
翻译部分通常包括英译汉和汉译英两种题型。
考生需要将给定的英文
句子或段落翻译成中文，或将中文材料翻译成英文，考察考生的语言
转换能力和对两种语言文化差异的理解。
五、写作部分
写作部分要求考生根据给定的题目或材料，撰写一篇英语短文。
这通
常包括图表作文、议论文或说明文等类型，考察考生的语言表达能力、逻辑思维能力和论证能力。
六、词汇与语法结构
这一部分可能包含在完形填空或阅读理解中，考察考生对英语词汇和语法结构的掌握程度。
考研英语一的试卷结构旨在全面考察考生的英语应用能力，包括听、说、读、写、译等各个方面。
考生在备考时应针对这些部分进行专项训练，以提高自己的英语综合能力。
考研英语测试卷
考研英语测试卷考研英语测试卷是针对考研英语科目而设计的综合性测试卷，旨在评估考生的英语水平和能力。
该测试卷由多部分组成，包括听力、阅读理解、词汇与语法、完形填空和写作等，全面考查考生的英语听说读写能力。
听力部分主要测试考生对英语语音、语调和语速的识别能力，以及从听力材料中获取信息的能力。
听力材料可能包括对话、讲座、新闻等，难度逐渐增加。
阅读理解部分主要测试考生对英语文本的理解和解析能力。
该部分包括选择题和简答题两种题型，选择题要求考生从四个选项中选择最佳答案，简答题则要求考生根据文本内容回答问题。
阅读理解的材料可能包括新闻报道、学术论文、科技文章等。
词汇与语法部分主要测试考生对英语词汇和语法的掌握程度。
该部分包括词汇选择题和语法填空题两种题型。
词汇选择题要求考生从四个选项中选择正确的单词填空，语法填空题则要求考生根据上下文填写适当的语法形式。
完形填空部分主要测试考生的英语综合运用能力。
该部分要求考生在一段删去若干单词的短文中，根据上下文提示，填写适当的单词补全短文。
完形填空的难度较高，需要考生具备较好的英语语感和语境理解能力。
写作部分主要测试考生的英语书面表达能力。
该部分要求考生根据给定的主题或情境，撰写一篇不少于200词的英语作文。
写作部分的评分标准包括内容、语言和结构三个方面，要求考生能够清晰地表达自己的观点，并运用适当的语言和结构进行论述。
注重词汇积累：词汇是英语学习的基础，考生需要通过大量阅读和练习来扩大词汇量，并掌握词汇的准确含义和用法。
强化语法知识：语法是英语学习的关键，考生需要熟练掌握英语的语法规则和句型结构，以便在阅读、写作和口语中能够准确运用。
提高阅读理解能力：阅读理解是考研英语测试卷的重要部分，考生需要通过大量阅读来提高阅读速度和理解能力。
建议考生多读英文原著、新闻报道、学术论文等材料，以提高阅读水平。
加强听力训练：听力是考研英语测试卷的重要组成部分，考生需要通过大量听力训练来提高听力水平。
考研英语模拟测试题
考研英语模拟测试题在这个高质量1500字的文章中，我会根据你给的题目“考研英语模拟测试题”，按照考研英语模拟测试题的格式来写。
以下是文章的内容：第一部分：听力理解（听力题不需要列出选项）Section ADirections：In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A)， B)， C) and D)， and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. M: Have you packed your suitcase yet? We need to leave for the airport soon.W: No, but I've made a list of everything I want to take. I'll start packing as soon as I finish dressing.Q: What will the woman do next?2. W: I heard Professor Smith didn't give a lecture yesterday. Is that true?M: Yes, he had to attend his son's graduation. He'll make it up next week.Q: Why didn't Professor Smith give a lecture yesterday?...注意：听力题列表只需提供题号和问题的部分内容，选项内容可以省略，并在每道题后面都标注答案。
考研英语阶段性小测试答案与解析
考研英语阶段性小测试（导学阶段第一课时）答案及解析一．用横线画出下列主语从句中的主语，并翻译句子。
1.How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon theamount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used, and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.【解析】首先确定主语，从how开始，终止于depends。
句中以逗号和and连用为切分标志，表明分值的分布为前后各1分，无论写哪部分，都可以得分，请大家不要放弃任何机会，切记!在考研英语的各个题型当中，以and为标志，表明上下两个分局之间呈并列关系且同等重要，若上一分句中有相同的谓语部分或动词延续到and所在分句，那么在第二次出现时，英语中将其省略，汉语视情况决定是否补充。
很明显，此题以how引导的主从为主语，谓语部分为depends upon (upon 约等于on, 前者是后者的强调形式)，带起的第一个宾语为“the amount,…of the information used”，可将其简化为 A, B, and C of D，第二个宾语为skill and wisdom，第二个宾语中的定语从句可以之后分析，但务必先明确整个句子的结构。
下面依次分析各个成分，并调整语序，最后组合：主语中，按照英汉语序的不同，调整为“预测在多大程度上会由后来的表现所证明是有效的”;谓语部分“取决于”;宾语1：所使用信息的数量，可靠性和适当性，宾语2：使其得以解决的技巧和智慧，或者解决它所用到的技巧和智慧。
因此，该句的译文为：主语+依赖于+宾语1，+还依赖于+宾语2。
【答案】预测在多大程度上会由后来的表现所证明是有效的，取决于所使用信息的数量，可靠性和适当性，以及使其得以解决的技巧和智慧2.Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation,depends, therefore, upon the evidences from experience concerning comparative validity, and on such factors as cost and availability.【解析】第一、句子可以拆分为三段：Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation / depends, therefore, upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity / and upon such factors as cost and availability.第二、句子主干结构是：Whether to use..., or both...引导主语从句，depends 是句子谓语，upon... and upon...是并列结构的双宾语。
广外考研英语试题
⼴外考研英语试题2009年⼴东外语外贸⼤学硕⼠研究⽣⼊学考试初试笔试样题科⽬代码：601科⽬名称：英语专业⽔平考试英语专业⽔平考试试题I.Cloze (30 points, 1 point for each)Read the following passage and choose a proper word from the Word List to fill in each of the blanks in the passage. Each word can be used only once. Write the words you choose for each blank on YOUR ANSWER SHEET in the following way: ExampleI. Cloze1. paper2. continuously3. …Now, do the Cloze.WORD LISTMost of Mark Twain‘s books bubbled out 1 him like water out of a fountain. 2 of his gifts was the capacity to take a scene and fill it 3 every sparkling detail of nature and of human action, to put in every spoken word and accompanying gesture, and to slowly exaggerate the successive moments 4 the whole episode reached a climax of joyous, sidesplitting laughter. 5 he had trouble weaving his incidents into meaningful plot patterns. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,Mark Twain‘s masterpiece, came into __6 slowly. 7 in 1876, immediately after he had dashed off The Adventures of Tom Saw yer, he wrote 400 manuscript pages quickly and 8 stalled; in disgust he meditated 9 the work. __10 the winter of 1879-1880 he penned further sections; again the spark of enthusiasm died. __11 taking a journey down the Mississippi River in April, 1882, he quickly completed Lift on the Mississippi(1883) and with unabated zest 12 the novel. The trip had reawakened his boyhood memories and suggested new episodes; the two books became 13 , the weaker travel account serving as scaffolding for the great edifice.__14 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was 15 in 1884, it met a mixed reception. A Brooklyn lady protested 16 its presence in the children‘s room of the public library; the librarian reshelved the volume in the adult area to 17 Huck‘s and T om‘s ―mischievous and deceitful practices which made them poor examples for youth.‖ T oday the novel is among the world‘s 18 and vies with Nathaniel Hawthorne‘s The Scarlet Letter (1850) for the position of American‘s _19 artistic work of fiction.The reader is reminded at the outset that in 1850 Huck Finn had been a playmate of T om Sawyer in St. Petersburg, Missouri, the 20 name of Mark Twain‘s native village of Hannibal. For three months Huck had lived with the lady 21 life he had saved, the Widow Douglas, ―fair, smart, and forty‖; her hill mansion was ―the only palace in the town, and the most hospitable and much the most lavish in the matter of festivities‖ that the town could boast. The lad 22 had run away from elegance was again a candidate for the majorrole in a rags-to-riches tale. Huck wanted it otherwise. Like T om, whose name turns up throughout the __23 . Huck wanted adventure. For six months Huck endured starched clothes and virtual imprisonment within the mansion. When Pap returned on April 1 and took Huck 24 from the Widow, Huck came to prefer his slovenly island home. 25 against Pap‘s cruelty ledHuck to plan his own ―murder‖ and to decamp about two months later. He discovered Jim 26 June 4 and started the rafting trip down the river on June 22. On July 7 he reached the Grangerfords and stayed __27 about a month. On August 10 the Duke and Dauphin came 28 the raft; their shenanigans ended at Pikeville on September 18. The 29 at Aunt Sal ly‘s lasted twenty-six days, until October 15. Then Huck decided to light out for Indian T erritory and forever depart from a ―civilization‖that he30 .II. Proofreading and Error Correction (30 points, 2 points for each) The following passage contains fifteen errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. Correct the errors and write the answers on YOUR ANSWER SHEET in the following way:For a wrong word, write the correct one on Your Answer Sheet.For a missing word, write the missing word with a ―∧‖ sign before it on Your AnswerSheet.For an unnecessary word, write the unnecessary word with a deleting line on it on YourAnswer Sheet.ExampleWhen ∧art museum wants a new exhibit, it 31. _____never buys things in finished form and hangs 32. _____them on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. 33. _____Write on your Answer Sheet:II. Proofreading and Error Correction31. ∧an 32. never 33. exhibitNow, do the Proofreading and Error Correction.Scientists claim that air pollution causes a decline in theworld average air temperature. In order to prove that theory, [31] ___ ecologists have turned to historical datum in relation to [32] ___ especially huge volcanic eruptions. They suspect that volcanoesaffect weather changes that are similar to air pollution. [33]___ One source of informations is the effect of the eruption [34]__ of T ambora, a volcano in Sumbawa, the Dutch East Indies, inApril 1815. The largest recorded volcano eruption, T ambora [35]___threw 150 million tons of fine ash into the stratosphere. Theash from a volcano spreads around worldwide in a few days [36] ___or remains in the air for years. Its effect is to turn incoming [37] ___solar radiation into the space and thus cool the earth. For [38]___example, records of weather in England shows that between [39] ___April and November 1815, the average temperature had fallen4.5 F. During the next twenty-four months, England sufferedone of the coldest periods of their history. Farmers‘ records [40]___from April 1815 to December 1818 indicate frost throughoutthe spring and summer and sharp decreases at crop and [41]___livestock markets. Since there was a time lag of several yearsbetween cause and effect, by the time the world agriculturalcommodity community had deteriorated, no one realizes the [42]___cause.Ecologists today warn that we face a twofold menace. Theever-present possibility of volcanic eruptions, such as those [43]___of Mt. St. Helens in Washington, added man‘s pollution of [44]___the atmosphere with oil, gas, coal, and other pollutingsubstances, may bring us increasingly colder weather. [45]___III. Gap-filling (30points, 2 points for each)Fill in the following banks with the correct words and the correct forms of the words given according the meanings of the sentences. Write the answers on YOUR ANSWER SHEET in the following way:Example46. prolong, refuse, delay, postpone, lengthenI hope the __________ of the appointment will not cause you much inconvenience.Write on your Answer Sheet:III. Gap-filling46. postponement 47. … 48. …Now, do the Gap-filling.46. affect, influence, effect, impactWe have tried our best to ________ a reconciliation between the two parties.47. attain, acquire, obtain, gain, secure, procureChrysler, including sales of newly ________ American Motors, delivered1.01 million cars, down 17.7 percent and amounting to 9.6 percent of themarket.48. ensure, assure, guaranteeThe Labor Department issued guidelines to_________ equal job opportunities for women on work paid for by federal funds.49. ability, capability, competence, capacity, aptitudeResearchers using the new measuring technique found the skull to have a ________ of only about 515 cubic centimeters (about 31 cubic inches).50. take part in, attend, participate in, enter for, joinT o the amazement of the organizing committee, so many professional singers ________ the singing competition to be held next month.51. insist on, persist in, stick/adhere to, persevere inDue to the bankruptcy of the company, they failed to ________ the original agreement.52. stable, secure, steady, firm, durablePolitical ________ and wars in many sub-Saharan countries have also contributed to poverty. As a result of such factors, thenumber of people living in extreme poverty in sub-Saharan Africa grew from 217 million in 1987 to more than 300 million in 1998.53. manager, director, headmaster, proprietor, governorAs one of the four ________ of the company, he often had to attend Board meetings.54. permit, allow, approve, accept, consent, endorseEligible paper, as defined in 1951, is a negotiable note, draft, or bill bearing the ________ of the member bank, the proceeds of which have been or are to be used in producing, purchasing, carrying, or marketing goods in one or more steps of the process of production, manufacture, or distribution55. income, wages, dividend, salary, earnings, pensionNow that he has retired, he lived partly on his ________ and partly on the interest on his post office savings account.56. complain, grieve, reclaim, grumbleThe peasants‘ many ________ resulting from ill-treatment by their landlords led finally to rebellion.57. renew, renovate, refresh, recreateHe had been completely exhausted but felt considerably ________ after a meal and a good rest.58. view, scene, scenery, sight, natureSwitzerland is well-known for its impressive mountainous ________.59. nevertheless, accordingly, however, yet, eventuallyHe has impressed his employer considerably and ________ he is soon to be promoted.60. gap, pause, space, interruption, intervalDuring the ________, the audience strolled and chatted in the foyer.IV. Reading Comprehension （60 points, 2 points for each）In this section, there are six reading passages followed by a total of thirty multiple-choice questions. Read the passages carefully and then write your answers on YOUR ANSWER SHEET.ExampleWrite on your Answer Sheet:IV. Reading Comprehension61. A 62. B 63. …Now, do the Reading Comprehension.Text AT ommy Albelin, a Devils defenseman, was the team‘s most effective performer the night the Stanley Cup champions played their best game of the young season. Playing left wing instead of defense against the Detroit Red Wings last Thursday night, Albelin scored the second goal of the game and made the pass that set up the fourth one.Albelin played so well in the 4-2 victory that Coach Jacques Lemaire said,―T ommy, you lost your job.‖―I was kind of surprised,‖ Albelin said today. ―When he saw the look on my face, he said very quickly ?as a defenseman‘and I knew then he was joking.‖Lemaire had Albelin right back on defense in the next game, last Saturday‘s 4-1 triumph over the Ottawa Senators. Albelin responded just as well, making the pass for the winning goal.With Brian Rolston leaving today‘s practice because of a foot problem and ready to join Bobby Holik and Bob Carpenter as injured Devils, look for Albelin to return to left wing when New Jersey plays the Vancouver Canucks Wednesday night at the Meadowlands.This season, the 31-year-old Albelin has played left wing three times and defenseman four. In addition, because Albelin is so adept at skating and puck-handling, Lemaire has been using him for penalty killing and the power play.―It‘s a big advantage to have a player like him,‖ Lemaire said after today‘s practice. ―When you don‘t have the necessary player to play against a player, you can use Abbey because he adjusts very well. He listens to all the things I tell the defensemen and all the things I tell the forwards. ―Lemaire‘s decision to shuttle Albelin is not prompted by a desire to find the best position for him. Rath er, it is testimony to Albelin‘s versatility.Albelin was used as a left wing for the first time by Herb Brooks, the man whom Lemaire replaced after Brooks resigned three summers ago, but he played only a handful of games in that position.The Devils chang ed coaches frequently in Albelin‘s early years with the team. As a result, Albelin contemplated returning home to Sweden several times. But he said today he was glad he never did.Albelin came to the Devils from Quebec in 1988 and has been a solid player. Y ear after year, despite coaching changes, injuries and the presence of marquee names like Scott Stevens, Slava Fetisov, Stephane Richer and Claude Lemeiux, Albelin‘s dedication and consummate professionalism have made him an integral part of the team.―My philosophy has always been to play where the team needs me,‖ Albelin said. ―I don‘t question the decisions by the coaches. As long as I‘m out there on the ice, I don‘t care what position I play.‖Albelin has performed effectively at wing and on defense despite the different responsibilities. Judging by the way Albelin described them, it is clear he prefers to play defense.―There are a lot of adjustments you have to make as a forward,‖ Albelin said, ―Y ou have to be a little more creative, do more things wi th the puck. Improvise somewhat, but to a point. As a defenseman, you can get by most of the time by giving the puck to your forwards and support the play.‖Albelin said today that the uncertainty over whether he will play defense or offense on any given night was not much of a concern in terms of preparinghimself.―I don‘t mind as long as I know before the warm-ups,‖ he said.61. T ommy Albelin is _______ defenseman.A. Red WingsB. CanucksC. DevilsD. Brooks62. Albelin has played defenseman _______ this season.A. three timesB. four timesC. two timesD. five times63. Coach Lemaire shuttles Albelin because he _______.A. is versatileB. is a solid playerC. is very dedicatedD. is docile64. The Devils changed coaches frequently ________.A. in the late 1980sB. in Albelin‘s years with the teamC. as many of them resignedD. during Albelin‘s stay in the team65. Albelin prefers to play _________.A. forwardB. left wingC. defenseD. offense66. Among the following titles, ________ is suitable for the article.A. The Defenseman Albelin in Red WingsB. The Best Player in DevilsC. The Versatile Albelin in CanucksD. Versatile Albelin Brings Devil VictoriesText BThe effect of any writing on the public mind is mathematically measurable by its depth of thought. How much water does it draw? If it awaken you to think, if it lift you from your feet with the great voice of eloquence, then the effect is to be wide, slow, permanent, over the minds of men; if the pages instruct you not, they will die like flies in the hour. The way to speak and write what shall not go out of fashion is, to speak and write sincerely. The argument which has not power to reach my own practice, I may well doubt, will fail to reach yours. Buttake Sidney‘s maxim: —―Look in thy heart, and write.‖ He that writes to himself writes to an eternal public. That statement only is fit to be made public, which you have come at in attempting to satisfy your own curiosity. The writer who takes his subject from his ear, and not from his heart, should know that he has lost as much as he seems to have gained, and when the empty book has gathered all its praise, and half the people say, ―What poetry! What genius!‖ it still needs fuel to make fire. That only profits which is profitable. Life alone can impart life; and though we should burst, we can only be valued as we make ourselves valuable. There is no luck in literary reputation. They who make up the final verdict upon every book are not the partial and noisy readers of the hour when it appears; but a court as of angels, a public not to be bribed, not to be entreated, and not to be overawed, decides upon every man‘s title to fame. Only those books come down which deserve to last. Gilt edges, vellum, and morocco, and presentation-copies to all the libraries, will not preserve a book in circulation beyond its intrinsic date. It must go with all Walpole‘s Noble and Royal Authors to its fate. Blackmore, Kotzebue, or Pollok may endure for a night, but Moses and Homer stand forever. There are not in the world at any one time more than a dozen persons who read and understand Plato: — never enough to pay for an edition of his works; yet to every generation these come duly down, for the sake of those few persons, as if God brought them in his hand. ―No book,‖ said Bentley, ―was ever written down by any but itself.‖ The permanence of all books is fixed by no effort friendly or hostile, but by their own specific gravity, or the intrinsic importance of their contents to the constant mind of m an. ―Do not trouble yourself too much about the light on your statue,‖ said Michelangelo to the young sculptor; ―the light of the public square will test its value.‖In like manner the effect of every action is measured by the depth of the sentiment from which it proceeds. The great man knew not that he was great. It took a century or two for that fact to appear. What he did, he did because he must; it was the most natural thing in the world, and grew out of the circumstances of the moment. But now, every thing he did, even to the lifting of his finger or the eating of bread, looks large, all-related, and is called an institution.67. T he following statements are wrong EXCEPT _________.A. Only the thing that is profitable profits.B. If the pages do not instruct you, they will not die like flies in the hour.C. Only the statement, which you have come at in attempting to satisfy yourreader‘s curiosity, is fit to be made public.D. He that writes by himself writes to an eternal public.68.―How much water does it draw?‖ means__________.A. How much content does it have?B. How much influence does it exert?C. How much value does it have?D. How important is it?69. A writer‘s fame is decided upon by __________.A. partial and noisy readersB. a court of angelsC. an angel-like public not to be bribedD. a public to be bribed70. At any time in the world Plato‘s work are read and understood by__________.A. less than a dozen personsB. more than a dozen personsC. many peopleD. no one71. The permanence of all books is fixed by__________.A. no effortB. friendly effortC. hostile effortD. their own specific gravityText CPsychologists study memory and learning with both animal and human subjects. The two experiments reviewed here show how short-term memory has been studied.Hunter studied short-term memory in rats. He used a special apparatus which had a cage for the rat and three doors. There was a light in each door. First the rat was placed in the closed cage. Next one of the lights was turned on and then off. There was food for the rat only at this door. After the light was turned off, the rat had to wait a short time before it was released from its cage. Then, if it went to the correct door, it was rewarded with the food that was there. Hunters did this experiment many times. He always turned on the lights in a random order. The rat had to wait different intervals before it was released from the cage. Hunter found that if the rat had to wait more than ten seconds, it could not remember the correct door. Hunter‘s results show that rats have a short-term memory of about ten seconds.Henning studied how students who are learning English as a second language remember vocabulary. The subjects in his experiment were 75 students at the University of California in Los Angeles. They represented all levels of ability in English: beginning, intermediate, advanced, and native-speaking students.T o begin, the subjects listened to a recording of a native speaker reading a paragraph in English. Following the recording, the subjects took a 15-questiontest to see which words they remembered. Each question had four choices. The subjects had to circle the word they had heard in the recording. Some of the questions had four choices that sound alike. For example, weather, whether, wither, and wetter are four words that sound alike. Some of the questions had four choices that have the same meaning. Method, way, manner, and system would be four words with the same meaning. Some of them had four unrelated choices. For instance, weather, method, love, result could be used as four unrelated words. Finally the subjects took a language proficiency test.Henning found that students with a lower proficiency in English made more of their mistakes on words that sound alike; students with a higher proficiency made more of their mistakes on words that have the same meaning. Henning‘s results suggest that beginning students hold the sound of words in their short-term memory, and advanced students hold the meaning of words in their shot-term memory.72. In hunter‘s experiment, the rat had to remember_________.A. where the food wasB. how to leave the cageC. how big the cage wasD. which light was turned on73. Hunter found that rats_________.A. can remember only where their food isB. cannot learn to go to the correct doorC. have no short-term memoryD. have a short-term memory of one-sixth a minute74. Henning tested the students‘ memory of _________.A. words copied several timesB. words explainedC. words heardD. words seen75. Henning concluded that beginning and advanced students________.A. have no difficulty holding words in their short-term memoryB. differ in the way they retain wordsC. have much difficulty holding words in their short-term memoryD. hold words in their short-term memory in the same way76. The following statements are wrong EXCEPT_________.A. The rat could find the correct door when the light of the next door wasturned offB. The rat could find the correct door to get the food whenever it wasreleased from its cageC. Each of the three doors had a light that was turned onD. The rat could remember where to find the food if it waited for less than tensecondsText DA Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized test of human intelligence in 1905. But it was an American, Lewis T erman, a psychology professor at Stanford, who thought to divide a test taker‘s ―mental age‖, as revealed by that score, by his or her chronological age to derive a nu mber that he called the ―intelligence quotient‖, or IQ. It would be hard to think of a pop-scientific coinage that has had a greater impact on the way people think about themselves and others.No country embraced the IQ –and the application of IQ testing to restructure society –more thoroughly than the U.S. Every year millions of Americans have their IQ measured, many with a direct descendant of Binet‘s original test, the Standford-Binet, although not necessarily for the purpose Binet intended. He developed his test as a way of identifying public school students who needed extra help in learning, and that is still one of its leading uses.But the broader and more controversial use of IQ testing has its roots in a theory of intelligence – part science, part sociology – that developed in the late 19th century, before Binet‘s work and entirely separate from it. Championed first by Charles Darwin‘s cousin Francis Galton, it held that intelligence was the most valuable human attribute, and that if people who had a lot of it could be identified and put in leadership positions, all of society would benefit.T erman believed IQ tests should be used to conduct a great sorting out of the population, so that young people would be assigned on the basis of their scores to particular levels in the school system, which would lead to corresponding socioeconomic destinations in adult life. The beginning of the IQ-testing movement overlapped with the eugenics movement –hugely popular in America and Europe among the ―better sort‖ before Hitler gave it a bad name –which held that intelligence was mostly inherited and that people-deficient in it should be discouraged from reproducing. The state sterilization that Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes notoriously endorsed in a 1927 Supreme Court decision was done with an IQ score as justification.The American IQ promoters scored a great coup during World War I when they persuaded the Army to give IQ tests to 1.7 million inductees. It was the world‘s first mass administration of an int elligence test, and many of the standardized tests in use today can be traced back to it: the now ubiquitous and obsessed-over SAT (Study Ability T est); the Wechler, taken by several million people a year, according to its publisher; and T erman‘s own Natio nal Intelligence T est, originally used in tracking elementary school children. All these tests took from the Army the basic technique of measuring intelligence mainly by asking vocabulary questions (synonyms, antonyms, analogies, reading comprehension).77. According to T erman‘s theory, a twelve-year-old boy‘s mental age is 10,then his IQ number is about __________.A. 0.8B. 0.9C. 1.0D. 1.278. IQ test is originally used to ___________.A. find out the students who need extra help in learningB. assign young people to different majorsC. select the acceptable recruits for armyD. select the leaders for society79. The viewpoint that intelligence was mostly inherited and people deficient inintelligence should be discouraged from reproducing was held by ___________.A. IQ-testing movementB. Eugenic movementC. HitlerD. both IQ-testing and Eugenic movements80. What does the author probably mean by ―scored a great coup‖ (see Para.5)?A. FailedB. SucceededC. CriticizedD. AdvocatedText EHistorical developments of the past half century and the invention of modern telecommunication and transportation technologies have created a world economy. Effectively the American economy has died and been replaced by a world economy.In the future, there is no such thing as being an American manager. Even someone who spends an entire management career in Kansas City is in international management. He or she will compete with foreign firms, buy from foreign firms, sell to foreign films, or acquire financing from foreign banks.The globalization of the world‘s capital markets that has occurred in the past 10 years will be replicated right across the economy in the next decade. An international perspective has become central to management. Without it managers are operating in ignorance and cannot understand what is happening to them and their firms.Partly because of globalization and partly because of demography, the work forces of the next century are going to be very different from those of the last century. Most firms will be employing more foreign nationals. More likely than not, you and your boss will not be of the same nationality. Demography and changing social mores mean that white males will become a small fraction of the work force as women and minorities grow in importance. All of these factors will require changes in the traditional methods of managing the work force.In addition, the need to produce goods and services at quality levelspreviously thought impossible to obtain in mass production and the spreading use of participatory management techniques will require a work force with much higher levels of education and skills. Production workers must be able to do statistical quality control; production workers must be able to do just in-time inventories. Managers are increasingly shifting from a―don‘t think, do what you are told‖ to a ―think, I am not going to tell you what to do‖ style of management.This shift is occurring not because today‘s managers are more enlightened than yesterday‘s managers but because the evidence is rapidly mounting that the second style of management is more productive than the first style of management. But this means that problems of training and motivating the work force both become more central and require different modes of behaviour.In the word of tomorrow managers cannot be technologically illiterate regardless of their functional tasks within the firm. They don‘t have to be scientists or engineers inventing new technologies, but they have to be managers who understand when to bet and when not to bet on new technologies. If they don‘t understand what is going on and technology effectively becomes a black box, they will fail to make the changes that those who do understand what is going on inside the black box make. They will be losers, not winners.T oday‘s CEOs are those who solved the central problems facing their companies 20 years ago. T omorrow‘s CEOs will be those who solve central problems facing their companies today. Sloan hopes to produce a generation of managers who will be solving today‘s and tomorrow‘s problems and because they are successful in doing so they will become tomorrow‘s captains of business.81. The author suggests that a manger should hold a _________ view onmanagement.A. economicalB. geographicalC. internationalD. financial82. Speaking of the problems of training and motivating labourers, the authorimplies that __________.A. labourers should keep up with the rapid development of moderntechnology.B. labourers pay more attention to wages.。
catti三级和考研英语
CATTI三级和考研英语都是中国英语水平考试的一部分，它们在难度和内容上有所相似，但也存在一些差异。
以下是关于CATTI三级和考研英语的一些信息：
1. 考试目的：
- CATTI三级考试：主要检验应试者的笔译实践能力，是否达到准专业译员水平。
-考研英语：主要考察应试者的英语听说读写能力，为研究生阶段的学习打下基础。
2. 考试内容：
- CATTI三级考试：包括笔译综合能力和笔译实务测试。
-考研英语：包括完形填空、阅读理解、翻译、作文等部分。
3. 难度级别：
- CATTI三级考试：相当于英语六级水平。
-考研英语：难度略高于CATTI三级，相当于英语六级到托福之间的水平。
4. 考试形式：
- CATTI三级考试：分为两个部分，笔译综合能力和笔译实务测试。
-考研英语：分为两个部分，笔试和口试。
5. 备考资源：
- CATTI三级考试：可以通过官方发布的考试大纲和参考书籍进行备考。
-考研英语：可以通过大量的真题、模拟题和参考书籍进行备考。
6. 职业发展：
- CATTI三级考试：通过考试可以获得翻译专业资格证书，有助于翻译职业的发展。
-考研英语：考研成功后，可以获得研究生学位，有助于学术或职业发展。
总的来说，CATTI三级考试更侧重于翻译实践能力，而考研英语更侧重于英语综合运用能力。
两者都是衡量英语水平的重要考试，但具体的考试内容、形式和备考方法有所不同。
考研英语测试基础试题及答案
考研英语测试基础试题及答案Part I: Reading Comprehension (阅读理解)Section ADirections: Read the following passage. Then answer the questions on the answer sheet.Passage 1The concept of "work-life balance" has become increasingly popular in recent years. It refers to the equilibrium between time allocated to work and other aspects of life, such as leisure activities, spending time with family and friends,and personal hobbies. Many people believe that achieving a good work-life balance is essential for overall well-beingand happiness.However, achieving this balance is not always easy. Long working hours, job insecurity, and the increasing demands of employers can all contribute to an imbalance. Moreover, the rise of technology has blurred the lines between work and personal life, with many employees feeling the need to be constantly connected to work, even during their personal time.Question 1: What does the term "work-life balance" refer to?A) The amount of money earned from workB) The division of time between work and personal activitiesC) The physical health of employeesD) The social status of an individual's jobQuestion 2: Why is achieving a good work-life balance considered important?A) It increases productivity at workB) It is essential for overall well-being and happinessC) It reduces the need for leisure activitiesD) It lowers the demands of employersSection BDirections: The following questions are based on a close reading of the passage or the longer narrative or expository prose.Passage 2In the field of environmental science, the term "sustainability" is of paramount importance. It implies meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This involves a careful consideration of the use of natural resources and the impact of human activities on the environment.One of the key challenges in achieving sustainability is the rapid growth of the global population. As more people require food, water, and energy, the strain on the planet's resources increases. Additionally, the pursuit of economic development often leads to the exploitation of these resources, which canhave long-term detrimental effects on the environment.Question 3: What does the term "sustainability" mean in the context of environmental science?A) The rapid growth of the global populationB) The use of technology to solve environmental problemsC) Meeting current needs without harming the future's ability to meet their needsD) The exploitation of natural resources for economic gainQuestion 4: What is one of the main challenges to achieving sustainability?A) The decrease in global populationB) The protection of endangered speciesC) The rapid growth of the global populationD) The lack of technology in developing countriesPart II: Vocabulary and Structure (词汇与结构)Section ADirections: For each numbered blank in the following passage, choose the appropriate answer from the four options (A, B, C, or D) given below and mark your answer on the answer sheet.Passage 3Despite the recent advancements in technology, many people still prefer to read physical books rather than digital ones. There is something about the __51__ of holding a book and turning its pages that cannot be replicated by a screen.Moreover, physical books __52__ a sense of accomplishment as one progresses through them, which is often __53__ in digital reading experiences.51. A) texture B) concept C) feature D) notion51. Answer: A) texture52. A) convey B) provide C) offer D) supply52. Answer: B) provide53. A) absent B) missing C) lacking D) deficient53. Answer: A) absentSection BDirections: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word given in parentheses. Write the word that best completes the sentence on the answer sheet.Passage 4Volunteering one's time to help others can be a __54__ experience, providing personal satisfaction and a sense of community. It is an act of kindness that not only __55__ the lives of those being helped but also enriches the __56__ of the volunteer.54. A) rewarding B) punishing C) tedious D) frustrating54. Answer: A) rewarding55. A) affects B) impacts C) influences D) changes55. Answer: B) impacts56. A) life B) existence C) living D) lifestyle56. Answer: A) lifePart III: Cloze Test (完形填空)Directions: For each blank in the passage, choose the best answer from the four options (A, B, C, or D) and mark your answer on the answer sheet.Passage 5The internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, work, and learn. It has made information more accessible than ever before, allowing people to __61__ a wide。
考研英语水平测试题库及答案
考研英语水平测试题库及答案# 考研英语水平测试题库及答案## 一、阅读理解（共4篇，每篇5题，每题2分，共40分）### 阅读理解A篇文章文章摘要：本文探讨了科技对教育的影响，包括在线学习、互动教学工具的使用，以及它们如何改变传统的教育模式。
问题1：科技对教育的哪个方面产生了积极影响？答案：在线学习。
问题2：互动教学工具如何帮助学生？答案：通过提供更加个性化的学习体验。
问题3：文章提到了哪些传统教育模式的改变？答案：教师角色的转变，以及课堂互动方式的更新。
问题4：科技在教育中可能带来的挑战是什么？答案：数字鸿沟，即技术获取的不平等。
问题5：作者对于科技在教育中应用的态度是什么？答案：总体上是积极的，但也指出了需要解决的问题。
### 阅读理解B篇文章标题：Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development文章摘要：本文讨论了环境保护与可持续发展之间的关系，以及实现这一目标的策略。
问题1：可持续发展的定义是什么？答案：满足当代人需求而不损害后代人满足其需求的能力。
问题2：环境保护与经济发展之间存在怎样的关系？答案：它们是相辅相成的，需要平衡发展。
问题3：文章提到了哪些实现可持续发展的策略？答案：推广可再生能源，减少废物产生，以及提高资源利用效率。
问题4：为什么环境保护对于可持续发展至关重要？答案：因为环境退化会威胁到人类的生存和发展。
问题5：作者对于环境保护的态度是什么？答案：作者认为环境保护是实现可持续发展的关键。
## 二、完形填空（共1篇，10题，每题1分，共10分）文章标题：The Power of Perseverance文章摘要：本文通过几个成功人士的故事，阐述了坚持和毅力在实现目标过程中的重要性。
问题1：What is the key to success according to the author? 答案：Perseverance.问题2：Why did the author mention several successful individuals?答案：To illustrate the importance of perseverance.问题3：What does the word "overcome" mean in the context of the passage?答案：To conquer or surmount.问题4：What is the relationship between goals and perseverance?答案：Perseverance helps to achieve goals.问题5：What is the main message of the passage?答案：The power of perseverance leads to success.## 三、翻译（英译汉，共5题，每题3分，共15分）原文1：Innovation is the soul of national progress and an inexhaustible driving force for a country's prosperity.译文1：创新是民族进步的灵魂，也是国家繁荣不竭的动力。
611英语基础测试
611英语基础测试
611英语基础测试是一种英语水平考试，通常用于评估考生的英语能力，包括听、说、读、写四个方面。
该测试通常包含多个部分，如听力、阅读、写作和口语等，每个部分都有不同的题型和难度等级。
在备考611英语基础测试时，建议考生注重以下几个方面：
1、词汇量：增加词汇量，特别是那些与考试相关的词汇。
2、语法和句型：掌握基本的语法规则和句型结构，以便更准确地表达自己的意思。
3、听力技巧：提高听力水平，包括听懂不同口音和语速的英语，以及理解听力材料中的关键信息。
4、阅读技巧：提高阅读速度和理解能力，包括快速浏览文章、理解文章大意和作者观点等。
5、写作技巧：提高写作水平，包括写作结构、语法和拼写等方面。
6、口语技巧：提高口语表达能力，包括发音、语调、语速和流利度等方面。
此外，考生还可以参加模拟考试或培训课程，以更好地了解考试形式和难度，并制定有效的备考策略。
考研英语一有听力吗
考研英语一有听力吗
考研英语一，即全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（一），是针对非英语
专业硕士研究生的英语水平测试。
这项考试由国家教育部统一组织，
每年举行一次，是众多考研学子必须面对的挑战之一。
考研英语一的考试内容主要包括阅读理解、完形填空、翻译和写作四
个部分。
考试的总时长为180分钟，满分为100分。
其中，阅读理解
部分占40分，完形填空占10分，翻译占20分，写作占30分。
考试
的题型设计旨在全面考察考生的英语语言运用能力，包括理解、分析、综合和表达等各方面。
在考研英语一的考试中，并没有设置听力部分。
这与英语专业硕士研
究生入学考试（英语专业八级）不同，后者会包含听力测试。
考研英
语一的考试重点在于考察考生的阅读、写作和翻译能力，以及对英语
语言结构和词汇的掌握程度。
尽管考研英语一不包含听力部分，但这并不意味着考生可以忽视听力
技能的培养。
在研究生阶段的学习中，良好的听力能力对于学术交流
和信息获取都是至关重要的。
因此，建议考生在准备考研英语一的同时，也应通过多种途径提高自己的英语听力水平，如收听英语广播、
观看英语电影和参加英语角等活动。
总之，考研英语一是一项全面考察非英语专业硕士研究生英语能力的
考试，它不包含听力部分，但考生仍需重视听力技能的培养，以适应
未来学术和职业发展的需要。
考研真题：广东暨南大学2020年[英语水平]考试真题
![考研真题：广东暨南大学2020年[英语水平]考试真题](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/b7db03ffb04e852458fb770bf78a6529647d3565.png)
考研真题：暨南大学2020年[英语水平]考试真题Part I. Vocabulary and Structure (30 points)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.1. His work shed ______yet necessary light on an important way to slow the spread of this deadly virus.A. provisionalB. seductiveC. insultingD. disturbing2. The new chemical will ________ this kind of insects in this area.A. eliminateB. prosecuteC. quenchD. quilt3. I have to say this, but this coat you’ve just bought is made of _______ fur; it is not real mink.A. coarseB. genuineC. slipperyD. counterfeit4. Plastic bags are useful for holding many kinds of food, ______ their cleanness, toughness and low cost.A. by virtue ofB. in addition toC. for the sake ofD. as opposed to5. It must guarantee freedom of expression to the end that all _________ to the flow of ideas shall be removed.A. propheciesB. transactionsC. argumentsD. hindrances6.This warm air was, needless to say, the perfect environment for the rapid growth of disease-carrying ______ originating from outside the building.A. germB. microbeC. fungusD. bacteria7. Traditionally, a dark suit is ______ to a light one for evening wear.A. alternateB. choosableC. selectiveD. preferable8. I have replaced my old ______ typewriter with an electric one.A. artificialB. manualC. automaticD. synthetic9. Four police officers sustained ______ in the explosion.A. ruinsB. injuriesC. damagesD. spoils10.The professor found himself constantly______ the question: “How could anyone do these things?”A. presidingB. poringC. ponderingD. presuming11. Weeks _______ before anyone was arrested in connection with the bank robbery.A. terminatedB. elapsedC. overlappedD. expired12. His attempt to ________ the two friends failed because they had complete faith in each other.A. alienateB. abuseC. alleviateD. abandon13. Building the Bird’s Nest calls for giant curving beams which crisscross in an ______ pattern of woven steel.A. intuitiveB. intensiveC. intrinsicD. intricate14. Older, less dogmatic theories better explained how the problems in the financial _____ dragged down the rest of the economy.A. charterB. sessionC. chapelD. sector15. Language may be _______ of as a process which arises from social interaction.A. comprisedB. conceivedC. disposedD. deprived16. I meant __________ the matter with you, but I had some guests there.A. discussB. discussingC. having discussedD. to have discussed17. Any student _______ in chess can apply for membership.A. have a keen interestB. with a keen interestC. who is keenly interestedD. when keenly interesting18. _________, she stood at the front door waiting for her husband to return.A. Being finished prepared dinnerB. Having finished preparing dinnerC. Finished preparing dinnerD. Having finished to prepare dinner19. All this leads to a population in the twenty-first century that is smaller______ feared few years ago.A. than wasB. that wasC. than thatD. it was20. _________ will Mr. Peter be able to regain control of the company.A. Only hard workB. Only if he works hardC. With hard workD. In spite of his hard work21. One of the requirements for a fire is that the material _______ to its burning temperature.A. heatedB. be heatedC. to be heatedD. being heated22. The earthquake ______ not have come at a worse time for the war-torn country.A. couldB. mustC. mightD. should23. The boy students in this school are nearly_____ as the girl students to say they intend to get a college degree in business.A. twice as likelyB. likely as twiceC. as twice likelyD. as likely twice24. If the whole operation _______ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost.A. was not plannedB. has not been plannedC. had not been plannedD. were not planned25. Apple pie is _______ neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value.A. at itselfB. as itselfC. on itselfD. in itself26. ________ us earlier, ________ your request to the full.A. You have contacted … we could comply withB. Had you contacted … we could have complied withC. You had contacted … could we have complied withD. Have you contacted … we could comply with27. The explosion on the sun cannot be heard, there_________ no air between the earth’s atmosphere and the sun.A. isB. wasC. beingD. be28. ______ by the host added to his uneasiness.A. His neglectingB. His being neglectedC. He is neglectedD. He had been neglected29. Every man, woman and child in this community_______ now aware of the terrible consequences of the habit of smoking.A. isB. areC. wasD. were30. As a result, the mission of the school, along with the culture of the classroom, _______.A. was slowly to changeB. are slowly changedC. is slowly changedD. have slowly changedPart II. Proof-reading and Error Correction（10 points）Directions:Proofread the given passage as instructed. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word Underline the wrong and write the correct one inthe blank provided on the answer sheet.For a missing word Mark the position of the missing word with a “∧”sign and write the word you believe to be missingin the blank provided on the answer sheet.For an unnecessary word Cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/” and put the word in the blank provided on the answer sheet.Status symbols are signs that identify their possessors’place in a social hierarchy, markers of rank and prestigious. We can all think any number of status symbols—Rolls-Royces, Beverly Hills mansions, even Shar Pei puppies (whose rareness and expense has rocketed them beyond Russian wolfhounds as status pets and has even aspired whole lines of wrinkle-faced stuffed toys)—but how do we know that something is a status symbol? The explain is quite simple: when an object (or puppy) either costs a lot of money or requires influential connections to possess it, anyone who possesses it must also possess the necessity means and influence to acquire it. The object itself really doesn’t matter, since it ultimate disappears behind the presumed social impotency of its owner. Semiotically, what matters is the signal it sends, its value as a sign of power. One traditional sign of social extinction is owning a country estate and enjoying the peace and privacy that attend it. Advertisements for Mercedes-Benz, Jaguar, and Audi automobiles thus frequently feature motoring quietly along a country road, presumably on their way to or from their country houses.1. ____________2. ____________3. ____________4. ____________5. ____________6. ____________7. ____________8. ____________9. ____________10.____________Part III. Cloze (20 points)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. You are required to read the passage and fill in each bank with a word from the word bank, and change the form where necessary. Do not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.adopt toward economy contribute thrive pick up quantumreach urban by initiate coordinate implement with remain outbound reserve region get up in rural astronomy endeavor lead supply-sideWe have 1 committed to the new development philosophy, 2 the right approach to development, and 3 to transform the growth model. The result has been a constant improvement in the quality and effect of development. The economy has maintained a medium-high growth rate, making China a 4 among the major 5 . With the gross domestic product rising from 54 trillion to 80 trillion Yuan, China has maintained its position as the world’s second largest economy and 6 more than 30 percent of global economic growth. 7 structural reform has made further headway, bringing a steady improvement in the economic structure. Emerging industries like the digital economy are 8 ; the construction of high-speed railways, highways, bridges, ports, airports, and other types of infrastructure has 9 pace. Agricultural modernization has steadily advanced, with annual grain production 10 600 million metrictons. The level of 11 has risen 12 an annual average of 1.2 percentage points, and more than 80 million people who have moved from rural to urban areas have gained permanent urban residency. Regional development has become more balanced; the Belt and Road 13 , the 14 development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt have all made notable progress. Through devoting great energy to 15 the innovation-driven development strategy, we have seen much accomplished 16 making China a country of innovators, 17 major advances made in science and technology, including the successful launch of Tiangong-2 space lab, the commissioning of the deep-sea manned submersible Jiaolong and of the five-hundred-meter aperture spherical telescope (FAST) Tianyan, the launch of the dark matter probe satellite Wukong and the 18 science satellite Mozi, and the test flight of the airliner C919. Construction on islands and reefs in the South China Sea has seen steady progress. The new institutions of the open economy have been steadily improved. China now leads the world in trade, 19 investment, and foreign exchange 20 .Part IV. Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions:In this section, there are three passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer and write the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1Since 1992, the U.S. has offered Israel an additional $ 2 billion annually in loan guarantees. Congressional researchers have disclosed that between 1974 and 1989, $ 16.4 billion in U. S. military loans were converted to grants and that this was the understanding from the beginning. Indeed, all past U.S. loans to Israel have eventually been forgiven by Congress, which has undoubtedly helped Israel’s often-touted claim that they have never defaulted on a U.S. government loan. U.S. policy since 1984 has been that economic assistance to Israel must equal or exceed Israel’s debt repayment to the United States. Unlike other countries, which receive aid in quarterly installments, aid to Israel since 1982 has been given in a lump sum at the beginning of the fiscal year, leaving the U.S. government to borrow from future revenues. Israel even lends some of this money back through U.S. treasury bills and collects the additional interest.In addition, there is more than $ 1.5 billion in private U.S. funds that goes to Israel annually in the form of $ 1 billion in private tax-deductible donations and $ 500 million in Israeli bonds. The ability of Americans to make what amounts to tax-deductible contributions to a foreign government, made possible through a number of Jewish charities, does not exist with any other country. Nor do these figures include short-and-long term commercials loans from U. S. banks, which have been as high as $ 1 billion annually in recent years.Total U. S. aid to Israel is approximately one-third of the Americanforeign-aid budget, even though Israel comprises just 0.001 percent of the world’s population and already has one of the world’s higher per capita incomes. Indeed, Israel’s GNP is higher than the combined GNP of Egypt, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, the West Bank and Gaza. With a per capita income of about $ 14,000, Israel ranks as the sixteenth wealthiest country in the world; Israelis enjoy a higher per capita income than oil-rich Saudi Arabia and are only slightly less well-off than most Western European countries.AID does not term economic aid to Israel as developmental assistance, but instead uses the term “economic support funding”. Given Israel’s relative prosperity, U.S. aid to Israel is becoming increasingly controversial. In 1994, Yossi Beilen, deputy foreign minister of Israel and a Knesset member, told the Women’s International Zionist Organization, “If our economic situation is better than many of your countries, how can we go on asking for your charity?”1. According to the passage, American economic assistance to Israel took all the following forms EXCEPT________.A. private fundsB. commercial loans from U. S. banksC. government grantsD. government donations2. What is the writer’s attitude towards American economic aid to Israel?A. Appreciative.B. Disapproving.C. Ambiguous.D. Difficult to tell.3. What is the main reason why U.S. aid to Israel is becoming controversial?A. The large sum of loans to Israel.B. American financial situation.C. The relative prosperity of Israel’s economy.D. Survey of U. S. Congressional researchers.4. The words of the deputy foreign minister of Israel indicate that ________.A. Jewish charities provided great help for IsraelB. Israel actually doesn’t deserve American economic aidC. American is obliged to give Israel economic aidD. Israel’s economy is worsening.5. It can be inferred from Israel’s “often-touted claim” that _______.A. Israel was satisfied with the ability in repaying all the loans from AmericaB. U. S. government should not worry about the Israel’s economic development.C. U.S. economic aid to Israel was a wrong decision.D. American economic assistance to Israel was successful.Passage 2What might driving on an automated highway be like？The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special-purpose lane system，in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system: fully automated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manually driven cars. A special-purpose lane system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways，but it promises the greatest gains in freeway capacity.Under either scheme，the driver would specify the desired destination，furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system was in place，automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitably equipped roads. If special-purpose lanes were available，the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use a special onramp. As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway，devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests，the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane. In this case，the transition from manual to automated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative techniquecould employ conventional lanes which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a “transition”lane. The vehicle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic (The limitation of these lanes to automated traffic would，presumably，be well respected，because all trespassers could be swiftly identified by authorities.).Either approach to joining a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic control here should allow for smooth merging, without the usual uncertainties and potential for accidents. Once a vehicle had settled into automated travel，the driver would be free to release the wheel，open the morning paper or just relax.6. We learn from the first paragraph that two systems of automated highways_______.A. are being plannedB. are being modifiedC. are now in wide useD. are under construction7. A special-purpose lane system is probably advantageous in that __________.A. it would require only minor changes to existing highwayB. it would achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiencyC. it has a lane for both automated and partially automated vehiclesD. it offers more lanes for automated vehicles8. The drivers need to __________ to work well under the two traffic systems.A. install a special sensor in the carB. tell computer the destination before setting offC. furnish the interior of the vehicleD. drive on the automated highway9. We know from the passage that a car can enter a special-purpose lane _______.A. by smoothly merging with cars on the conventional laneB. by way of a ramp with electronic control devicesC. through a specially-guarded gateD. after all trespassers are identified and removed10.When driving in an automated lane, the driver_________A. should harmonize with newly entering carsB. doesn’t have to rely on his computer systemC. should watch out for potential accidentsD. doesn’t have to hold to the steering wheelPassage 3Developing a peaceful, understanding, and supportive relationship between parents and children is not an easy task. Failures can and do occur at any age level, and at times the results are the abuse, neglect, and even death of children.Child abuse has become a major topic in child development and an issue of much national concern. In the span of four legislative years, 1963-1967, all fifty states enacted laws calling for the reporting of injuries inflicted on children. By 1973, the United States Congress passed the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (Public Law 93-247). This law not only reflected the mood of concerned citizens, but also did much to clear up the confusion and disagreement over what is child abuse.The question “What causes child abuse?”has prompted much debate. The single most persistent myth which had plagued efforts to understand causes is the notion that parents who abuse children are mentally disturbed or ill. Although there is specific psychiatric diagnosis which comprises the behavior and personalities of abuser, they seem to share a common style of child rearing. Those parents demand high levels of child performance and they often use severe physical punishment to ensure the child’s proper behavior. Abusive parents themselves were raised in similar family situations and their own childhood experience has a lasting influence on their behaviors of adults.Current research has suggested, however, that the “abuser is sick”hypothesis is too limited. A broader social, psychological approach recognizes that some personal problems are implicit but that psychological factors arise out of a social context. Social factors include unemployment, social isolation, and unwanted pregnancy. Moreover, finding that abuse occurs more frequently in larger families and familieswith low income, poor education, and low occupational status suggests that many such parents cannot withstand the twenty-four-a-day responsibility to raise and care for their children. These problems aggravate the situation, especially when combined with the general approval in our culture of violence.11. This selection suggests that child abuse is ________.A. a growing problem whose causes are fully understoodB. caused primarily by the mental illness of parentsC. a problem in the United States, but a greater one in EuropeD. easily determined because of recent public laws12. We can know from the second paragraph that the law passed in 1973 ______.A. received little attention from the publicB. was condemned by abusive parentsC. was aimed to expand welfare programs of the United StatesD. helped much in clarifying the problem13. The person who is least likely to be a child-abusing parent is the one who______.A. was raised in abusive family situation himselfB. creates a peaceful and supportive family environment for his childC. is unemployed or socially isolatedD. is mentally ill14. Which one of the following is most probably a cause of child abuse?A. Too high an income of the parents.B. Unemployment of the parents.C. Poor health of the child.D. Peculiar personalities of the child.15. Which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree with?A. Violence on TV may contribute to child abuse.B. Medical doctors are largely to blame for unreported cases of child abuse.C. The media should not describe the details of child abuse cases.D. Violence in our society is acceptable unless children are victims.Part V. Translation (30 points)Section A.Chinese to English (15 points): Translate the following into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.人生于自然。
2022年考研英语测试模拟卷及答案38
2022年考研英语测试模拟卷及答案1、( )Adam Smith’s"The Wealth of Nations"that Jim Green was fascinated by economic theory.A. After readingB. It was readingC. It was after readingD. Having read【答案】C2、Text 1 Denmark is once again distinguishing itself in the race against food waste-this time,with a supermarket hawking items once destined for the trash bin.Those items might include treats for a holiday that happened last week,a ripped box of comflakes,plain white rice mislabeled as basmati,or anything nearing its expiration date.In other words,perfectly edible items that are nonetheless considered unfit for salc by the retailers and manufacturers who donate them.WeFood is not the first grocer in Europe to sell surplus food.But unlike so-called"social supermarkets"-stores which serve almosL exclusively low-income people-WeFood's offerings are very intentionally aimed at the general public.High-income families will also choose WeFood for its environmental-friendly conception.The store's goods are priced 30 t0 50 percent lower than those in regular supermarkets,according to WeFood.The store has already been a huge success,attracting large numbers of customers.People have lined up before the store's opening every moming since its launch on Monday.But is this food safe to eat?Safety is always the first concern coming up to your mind.Well,the"sell by"date you seeon many products actually refers to its freshness-not whether or notit's going to do you any harm.In many cases,food that's beyond this date won't be as fresh as it once was but is still perfectly edible.The food might have not yet gone bad when the"sell by"date expires.Of course you should still be careful to avoid eating food that's gone off,but you might find you don't have to throw away as much as you think youdo.Denmark throws away about 700,000 tons of food every year,according to several estimates.In fact,food waste is a major problem for the whole world.Some 795 million people are undemourished globally,according to the World Food Program.Yet about a third of all food produced in the world-some l.3 billion tons-is wasted each year,according to the United Nations.The cost of global food wastage is about$1 trillion a year.All of the store's proceeds will go to DanChurchAid's work in developing nations like South Sudan and Bangladesh. The"sell by"date on the merchandise indicates that____.A. they are not fresh beyond this dateB. people should throw them away immediatelyC. it's illegal to sell them in regular supermarketsD. expired food is definitely safe to eat【答案】A【解析】事实细节题。
考研英语要过几级
考研英语要过几级考研英语考试是中国研究生招生考试中的一项重要科目，对于考生来说非常关键。
考研英语的测试级别共有四级，分别是英语四级、英语六级、英语专业四级和英语专业八级。
不同级别的考试要求有所不同，下面将逐级介绍。
首先，英语四级考试（CET-4）是国家教育部主管的全国性大学英语水平考试，是研究生招生考试的最基本要求。
考试内容包括听力、阅读、写作和翻译四个部分，主要测试考生的英语基础能力。
通过英语四级考试，考生可以获得一个基本的英语水平，能够进行基本的英语交流和阅读。
其次，英语六级考试（CET-6）是英语四级考试的进阶版本，难度更高。
英语六级考试的主要目的是测试考生的英语综合能力和语言运用能力。
除了包括英语四级考试的内容，还增加了听写和口语两个部分。
通过英语六级考试，考生可以证明自己具备一定的英语水平，能够进行更高级别的英语交流和阅读。
接下来是英语专业四级考试（TEM-4），这是面向英语专业学生的考试，主要针对英语专业的学术知识和专业能力进行测试。
考试内容包括听力、阅读、写作和翻译四个部分，难度相对较高。
通过英语专业四级考试，考生可以证明自己在英语专业方面具备一定的研究和应用能力。
最后是英语专业八级考试（TEM-8），这是英语专业四级考试的升级版，对英语专业学生的要求更高。
英语专业八级考试主要测试考生对英语语言的掌握程度、学术能力和专业知识的应用。
通过英语专业八级考试，考生可以获得英语专业的高级水平，具备研究性学术能力，能够进行较为深入的英语专业知识研究。
总的来说，考研英语的四个级别涵盖了从基础到专业的不同水平，考生可以根据自己的学习需求和报考院校的要求选择相应的考试级别。
无论是考研英语的哪个级别，都需要考生通过系统的学习和练习，提高自己的英语水平，为自己顺利通过考试奠定基础。
2024年考研英语试卷
2024年考研英语试卷2024年考研英语试卷指的是在2024年研究生招生考试中，针对英语科目所使用的试卷。
该试卷由教育部考试中心或相关机构组织命题和批改，用于测试考生的英语学科知识和应用能力，以选拔优秀的人才进入研究生阶段学习。
以下是 2024年考研英语试卷示例：选择题：1.The word "equivalent" in the passage means ___.A. similar in meaningB. equal in valueC. same in quantityD. identical in appearance2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The author was once a visitor to the exhibition.B. The author is not in favor of modern art.C. The artist was born into a rich family.D. The exhibition was not well-attended.作文题：Title: The Impact of Social Media on Interpersonal Communication In this essay, analyze the impact of social media on interpersonal communication. Discuss both the positive and negative effects of social media on face-to-face communication and other forms of interpersonal interaction. Provide examples to illustrate your points and propose ways to mitigate the negative effects while harnessing the benefits of social media in our daily lives.总结：2024年考研英语试卷指的是在2024年研究生招生考试中，针对英语科目所使用的试卷。
英语考研考什么
英语考研考什么英语考研是考试研究生英语的缩写，是指申请攻读硕士学位的考生参加的英语水平测试。
英语考研是中国研究生招生考试的一部分，由中国教育部组织并负责，每年在全国范围内进行。
英语考研主要考察考生的英语综合能力，包括听力、阅读、写作和翻译等方面。
考生需要通过这一考试来证明他们具备一定的英语水平，能够在研究生学习和日常交流中使用英语。
在英语考研听力部分，考生需要听懂各种英语口语材料，包括对话、讲座、演讲等。
通过听力部分的考试，考生能够提高自己的听力理解能力，并能够更好地进行口语交流。
阅读部分主要考察考生的阅读理解能力。
考生需要阅读各种英语文本，包括文章、论述、新闻等。
通过这一部分的考试，考生能够提高自己的阅读理解能力，培养自己的逻辑思维和分析能力。
写作部分主要考察考生的写作能力。
考生需要根据给定的题目撰写一篇文章。
通过这一部分的考试，考生能够提高自己的写作能力，培养自己的逻辑思维和表达能力。
翻译部分主要考察考生的翻译能力。
考生需要根据给定的中文材料进行英文翻译，或者根据给定的英文材料进行中文翻译。
通过这一部分的考试，考生能够提高自己的翻译能力，培养自己的跨文化交流能力。
英语考研对于考生来说是非常重要的一部分，考生通过英语考研能够更好地适应研究生学习和未来工作的需求。
因此，考生需要认真备考英语考研，提高自己的英语水平，在考试中取得好成绩。
同时，英语考研也是磨砺考生意志的一种方式，通过这一考试，考生能够锻炼自己的思维能力和解决问题的能力。
总结来说，英语考研是申请攻读硕士学位的考生需要参加的英语水平测试。
考生需要通过听力、阅读、写作和翻译等方面的考试，来证明自己具备一定的英语能力。
通过英语考研，考生能够提高自己的英语水平，适应研究生学习和未来工作的需求。
因此，考生需要认真备考英语考研，取得好成绩。
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词汇测试篇(共10题，共50.0分)1.But in the pass 100,000 years--even the pass 100 years--our()have been transformed but our bodies have not.•[A]lives•[B]liveliness•[C]livelihoods选择答案： A B C 正确答案：A试题解析：参考翻译：但是在过去的10万年，甚至是刚过去的这100年间，我们的生活已经被改变但我们的身体却没有变化。
2.Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would() on humans if they had the chance.•[A]deliver•[B]carry•[C]perform•[D]apply 选择答案： A B C D 正确答案：C试题解析：参考翻译:关于动物智慧的研究让我很想知道，如果动物也有同等机会的话，他们会在人的身上做什么实验呢。
3.However,when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers,so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock,their behavior became()different.【真题例句44】2005年text1•[A]marked•[B]markedly•[C]remarkable•[D]remarkably选择答案： A B C D 正确答案：B 试题解析：参考翻译：然而，当两只猴子被分离开但处于邻接的房间时，它们能够观察到对方在用石头换取物品，结果它们的行为就显然不一样了。
4“With a mind prepared by thorough school(),the American boy develops rapidly into the skilled workman.”【真题例句14】1996年Text4•[A]headline•[B]guideline•[C]baseline•[D]discipline选择答案： A B C D 正确答案：D 试题解析：参考翻译：由于严密的学校纪律已经为大脑做好了准备，美国的男孩们很快就发展成为了熟练工人。
5Greater efforts to increase agricultural_ must be made if food shortage is to be avoided.【真题例句7】1998年词汇题•[A]productive•[B]production•[C]productivity•[D]product选择答案： A B C D 正确答案：B 试题解析：参考翻译：若要避免食物短缺，那就必须在增加农业产量方面下功夫。
6The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis andprocedure, that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. •[A]means•[B]mean•[C]meaning•[D]meaningful选择答案： A B C D 正确答案：C试题解析：参考翻译：最近对于标准化测试的强调突出的是分析和程序，这意味着我们很少有人生来就使用创造性的和协作性的思维模式。
7The movement of the moon conveniently_ the unit of month.【真题例句31】1999单选•[A]offered•[B]granted•[C]provided•[D]supplied选择答案：A B C D 正确答案：C 试题解析：参考翻译：月亮的移动很便捷的创造了“月”这个单位。
答案解析：offer 主语一般只能是人，而provide 主语既可以是人也可以是物，主语是物时，翻译为“规定”，这里为了使翻译的意思明细顺畅，用了“创造”这个翻法，也体现了翻译时的一个重要原则，符合不同语言的背景和表达习惯，进行翻译时的用词转化。
grant 指赐予，赋予，有高尚的感觉；supply 指补给8I tried very hard to persuade him to join our group but I met with a flat _.【真题例句8】1997年语法•[A]disapproval•[B]rejection•[C]refusal•[D]decline选择答案： A B C D 正确答案：B 试题解析：参考翻译：我很努力地试着去说服他加入我们组，但是他拒绝了我。
9Life insurance is financial protection for dependents against loss the bread-winner ’s death.【真题例句1】1999年语法•[A]at the cost of•[B]on the verge of•[C]as a result of•[D]for the sake of 选择答案： A B C D 正确答案：C 试题解析：参考翻译：寿险是为对抗家庭经济支柱死亡后的损失而对于被赡养者的一种经济上的保护。
答案解析：at the cost of 指“以…为代价”;on the verge of 指“处于…的边缘；as a result of 指”由于“；for the sake of 指”为了…的利益“。
10In this factory the machines are not regulated but are jointly controlled by a central computer system.【真题例句20】1997年词汇26题•[A]independently•[B]individually•[C]irrespectively•[D]irregularly选择答案： A B C D 正确答案：B 试题解析：译文：这家工厂里的机器是由一台中央电脑共同控制的，而非每一台单独管制。
答案解析：independently独立地；individually个别地；irrespectively非逐个地；irregularly非规则地。
根据but后面的jointly（共同地）可知前面需填的副词与它意思相反，因此individually最合适，而C选项若改成respectively(分别地，各自地)就也是可以的。
语法测试篇(共4题，共25.0分)请翻译下面5句话:11(2003/61)Furthermore,humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live,thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.(2004/61)The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought,which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.1、关键词翻译准确2、句意大致正确参考答案：1）前置定语从句——信息量小(2003/61)Furthermore,humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live,thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.参考翻译：而且，人类有能力改变他们生活的环境，从而使所有其他的生命形式服从于人类自己特有的思想和喜好。
2）独立成句，重复先行词(2004/61)The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought,which took root in Europe long beforepeople realized how diverse languages could be.参考翻译：希腊人认为语言的结构与思维的过程有一定的联系，而这些思维远在人们意识到语言多元化之前的很久就已经扎根在了欧洲。
12(2009/48)While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition,it is not so easy as in dealing with adults.评分标准：1、关键词翻译准确2、句意大致正确参考答案：(2009/48)While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effectof our acts upon their disposition,it is not so easy as in dealing with adults.参考翻译：在和他们的接触中，我们很容易忽视自己行为对于他们性情的影响，但是在和成人打交道的过程中却没有这么容易忽视。
13(2007/46)Traditionally,legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers,rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.1、关键词翻译准确2、句意大致正确参考答案：(2007/46)Traditionally,legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers,rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.参考翻译：传统意义上，法律学习已经被这些机构视为律师的专属，而不是受教育者文化知识积累的必须部分。