Summary of the key words of book 2
summary 怎样写英文摘要
How to write a summary1 Definition By summary, we mean a brief restatement, inyour own words, of the content of a passage,an article, a chapter or a book2 key pointsof a summary:A summary should be brief, complete,accurate coherent and objective.Brief:omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information.complete:to include all the main and supporting points delivered in your own words in a condensed manner.accurate:to give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does.coherent:rather than an outline listed as key words and phrases,a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow.e.g.: first, in the first part, in the introductory partsecond, next, in the second partthen, afterwards, after that, in addition to that, also, furthermore ,finally,at last, in the end,as a conclusion, on the whole, in a word, to sum up, last but not least, as a result, soobjective:Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. The summary should reflect the content of the original passage only.3 Steps to writea summary1 skim thetext to find out the general theme2 analyse the text’s structure to divide it into several sections, find out the main idea of each sectionandwriteit out briefly with your own words. (one sentence)3 write down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details.4 organize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence.5 proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.At the beginning of a summary, we usually elicit the author’s name and the name of the chapter/ article.。
summary of key points
II Nursery rhymes Definition Mother Goose What are the varieties? The analysis of some nursery rhymes. (rhymes, rhythm)
III Fables Definition Aesop’s Fables (Time for the forming, Introduction of Aesop) Moral (hidden message) Analysis of some fables
Three little pigs The narration mode of folk tales (民 间故事的叙事模式)
The ugly duckling Elements of a story Plot triangle (beginning, rising action, climax, falling action, ending) Conflicts Analysis of the episodes episode 1: at the moor with the wild ducks (the sense of rank) episode 2: in the cottage (the different choices)
Snow white Meaning of some symbols (7, mirror, apple, etc.) Analysis of some episodes episode1: step mother in front of the mirror episode2:step mother as the witch
Beauty and beast
大学英语教材课文summary
大学英语教材课文summaryIn the university English textbook, there are various texts that cover different topics and genres. These texts serve as valuable materials to improve students' English proficiency and broaden their knowledge. In this summary, we will take a closer look at the key points and main ideas of some selected texts in the textbook.Text 1: "A Journey to the West""A Journey to the West" is a classical Chinese novel written by Wu Cheng'en. It tells the story of a monk named Xuanzang and his disciples as they embark on a perilous journey to retrieve Buddhist scriptures from India. Throughout their adventure, they encounter numerous trials and tribulations, but also gain valuable insights and spiritual enlightenment.This text explores themes such as the power of faith, the importance of perseverance, and the significance of teamwork. It also introduces readers to Chinese mythology, folklore, and Buddhist philosophy. Through the lively and often humorous narrative, readers can gain a deeper understanding of Chinese culture and traditions.Text 2: "Climate Change: A Global Challenge""Climate Change: A Global Challenge" discusses the impact of climate change on our planet and the urgent need for collective action. It provides an overview of the causes and consequences of global warming, as well as measures taken to mitigate its effects.The text highlights the role of human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels, in accelerating climate change. It emphasizes the importance of sustainable practices and renewable energy sources to combat global warming. Furthermore, it calls for international cooperation and policy changes to address this pressing issue.Text 3: "The Importance of Critical Thinking""The Importance of Critical Thinking" presents the significance of developing critical thinking skills in today's society. It emphasizes the ability to question, analyze, and evaluate information critically, rather than accepting it at face value.The text provides examples of how critical thinking can be applied in various aspects of life, such as decision-making, problem-solving, and evaluating arguments. It also highlights the connection between critical thinking and academic success, as well as its relevance in professional careers.Text 4: "Exploring Cultural Diversity""Exploring Cultural Diversity" delves into the concept of cultural diversity and its importance in fostering understanding and harmony in a globalized world. The text discusses the influence of culture on individuals and societies, and the need to embrace diversity rather than view it as a threat.Through examples of different cultural practices, traditions, and beliefs, the text promotes cultural tolerance and appreciation. It encourages readersto challenge stereotypes and prejudices, fostering empathy and respect for diverse perspectives.Overall, the university English textbook offers a diverse range of texts that cover various topics and themes. From exploring classical literature to addressing contemporary global challenges, these texts provide valuable insights and knowledge to students. By summarizing and understanding the main ideas and key points of these texts, students can deepen their understanding of both the English language and the world around them.。
abstract造句
abstract造句Abstract是一个名词，意为摘要、概要或抽象。
在学术论文、科学研究或文献中，常常会看到abstract这个术语。
摘要通常在文章开头的一段中出现，用来简明扼要地概括文章的主要内容和结论。
下面我将为您提供一些关于abstract的造句，以帮助您更好地理解和运用这个词语。
1. The abstract of the research paper summarized the key findings and conclusions in just a few sentences.（这篇研究论文的摘要用几句话总结了主要的研究结果和结论。
）2. Before reading the entire article, I always like to read the abstract to get a quick overview of the study.（在阅读整篇文章之前，我总是喜欢先读摘要，以便快速了解研究的概况。
）3. The abstract of the book provided a concise summary of the author's main arguments and key points.（这本书的摘要提供了作者主要的论点和要点的简明概述。
）4. The conference organizers requested that all presenters submit an abstract of their proposed presentations.（会议组织者要求所有演讲者提交他们拟议演讲的摘要。
）5. The abstract of the scientific study was published in the journal and was accessible to all interested researchers.（这项科学研究的摘要已经发表在期刊上，并对所有感兴趣的研究者可见。
高考英语howtowriteasummary
1. Yesterday I met an old friend in the supermarket.
I met an old friend. 2. I’m glad to say, this unjust separation of people on the basis of skin color was challenged on Sunday. The unjust separation was challenged.
What to do: Endeavour will take four astronauts to make the necessary repairs. What’ the possible effect: The Hubble will send us clearest pictures.
Outline
shuttle Endeavour takes astronauts to make the repairs, the Hubble will send us wonderful pictures.
Tips for writing a summary 1.Read the passage for overall content and underline the key words. 2.Group the reading into sections according to the author’s topic divisions. 3.Write a one-sentence summary of each section, focusing on the main point. Do not include examples and minor details. 4.Do not use your own opinion, but be sure to use your own words. 5.In your final draft, insert transitional words and phrases where necessary, combine sentences for a smooth, logical flow of ideas.
summary写作模板
summary写作模板Summary Writing Template。
A summary is a concise and comprehensive representation of a larger text. It aims to capture the main points, key ideas, and essential information of the original content in a condensed form. Writing a good summary requires careful reading, understanding, and rephrasing of the original text. In this document, we will provide a template for writing a summary, along with some tips and examples to help you master the art of summarizing effectively.1. Introduction。
Briefly introduce the concept of a summary and its importance in academic and professional settings.Highlight the purpose of a summary, which is to condense and convey the main ideas of a text in a clear and concise manner.2. Guidelines for Writing a Summary。
Emphasize the need for careful reading and comprehension of the original text before attempting to write a summary.Encourage writers to identify the main ideas, key points, and supporting details in the text.Stress the importance of rephrasing and condensing the information in their own words, avoiding direct quotations or copying verbatim from the original text.Advise writers to maintain the original meaning and intent of the text while condensing it into a summary.3. Structure of a Summary。
The Summary
II. Uses of Summary Writing
1. Summary writing enables people to get more out of their reading. 2. Summary writing is also a very good exercise. 3. Summary writing has great practical value.
Note! Techniques of compression:
---- omit the details ----reduce the examples ----simplify the sentences ----eliminate all repetitions ----compress wordy sentences, change phrases into words. ----use general words instead of specific words ----use the shortest simple transitions ----put the main points of a dialogue in indirect speech
Task 1 Supply a short title for this passage. Task 2 Mark the key words in the original.
Task 1: Changed Conception of Poverty Taf poverty and what to do about it have changed over the decades. Under Social darwinism the lazy and the inefficient were supposed to be at the bottom of the economic ladder as a consequence of the “law of survival of the fittest.” Society was conceived as a network of self-sufficient families which provided for their own. Needy persons outside a household (orphans, childless elderly, and the crippled) were provided outdoor relief grudgingly and as a temporary expedient. Although it was agreed the “poor will always be with us,” the individual was expected to improve himself through acts of his own will. Charity was thought to be encouraged to work harder.
写总结报告英文
写总结报告英文Summary ReportDate:From:To:Subject: Summary ReportThis report provides a summary of the key findings, observations, and recommendations based on the evaluation conducted on [date]. The evaluation aimed to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of [project/program] and identify areas for improvement.Key Findings:1. Objective Achievement:- The project/program has successfully achieved its objectives within the given timeframe.- Key milestones and deliverables were met, resulting in significant progress towards the desired outcomes.- The project/program demonstrated positive impacts on the target beneficiaries, such as increased access to education, improved healthcare services, and enhanced livelihood opportunities.2. Implementation:- The project/program was implemented according to the planned activities and strategies, ensuring effective resource utilization.- The project team demonstrated strong coordination andcollaboration, leading to smooth implementation and successful outcomes.3. Stakeholder Engagement:- Key stakeholders, including beneficiaries, local communities, government agencies, and partner organizations, were actively involved throughout the project/program.- Stakeholders expressed high satisfaction and appreciation for the project/program, highlighting the relevance and importance of the interventions.4. Challenges:- Despite overall successful implementation, some challenges were encountered, such as limited financial resources, logistical constraints, and occasional community resistance.- These challenges were effectively addressed through adaptive management strategies and close collaboration with relevant stakeholders.Recommendations:1. Sustainability:- Develop a sustainability plan to ensure the long-term impact and continuation of the project/program beyond its completion. - Explore opportunities for partnerships with local organizations and businesses to enhance financial sustainability.2. Monitoring and Evaluation:- Strengthen the monitoring and evaluation framework to enhance data collection, analysis, and reporting.- Regularly assess and document the outcomes and impacts to inform future programming and decision-making.3. Lessons Learned:- Document the lessons learned, best practices, and success stories to share with other projects/programs and contribute to knowledge sharing and replication.Conclusion:Overall, the evaluation findings indicate the successful achievement of objectives and positive impacts on target beneficiaries. The project/program demonstrated effective implementation and strong stakeholder engagement. Despite challenges, the project team effectively mitigated risks and addressed issues. The recommendations provided will further enhance the sustainability and effectiveness of futureprojects/programs.Contact Information:For further information or clarification, please contact [Name, Position] at [Email Address] or [Phone Number].Thank you.Sincerely,[Your Name][Your Position][Organization]。
Summary of Key Points for Chapter 2
Summary of Key Points for Chapter 2Chapter Objectives:1.Explain companywide strategic planning and its four steps.2.Discuss briefly how to design business portfolios and develop growthstrategies.3.Explain marketing’s role under strategic planning and how marketing workswith its partners to create and deliver customer value.4.Describe the elements of a customer-driven marketing strategy and mix, andthe forces that influence it.5.List the marketing management functions, including the elements of amarketing plan.COMPANYWIDE STRATEGIC PLANNING: DEFIN ING MARKETING’S ROLEThe task of selecting an overall company strategy for long-run survival and growth is called strategic planning. Companies typically prepare annual plans, long-range plans, and strategic plans.Strategic planning is the process of developing and maintaining a strategic fit between the organization’s goals and capabilities and its changing market opportunities. Refer to Figure 2.1 on pg. 63, which shows the 4 steps in strategic planning.1. Defining a Market-Oriented MissionMany organizations develop formal mission statements. A mission statement is a statement of the organization’s purpose–what it wants to accomplish in the larger environment.A clear mission statement guides people in the organization.A market-oriented mission statement defines the business in terms of satisfying basic customer needs. See Table 2.1 (pg. 64) for market-oriented vs. product-oriented definitions.Management should avoid making its mission too narrow or too broad.Missions should be realistic, specific, fit the market environment, based on the company’s distinctive competencies, and motivating.2. Setting Company Objectives and GoalsThe company’s mission needs to be turned into detailed support ing objectives for each level of management.The mission leads to a hierarchy of objectives, including business objectives and marketing objectives.Marketing strategies and programs must be developed to support these marketing objectives.3. Designing the Business PortfolioA business portfolio is the collection of businesses and products that make up the company.The best portfolio is the one that best fits the company’s strengths and weaknesses to opportunities in the environment. The major activity in strategic planning is business portfolio analysis, whereby management evaluates the products and businesses making up the company.A s trategic business unit (SBU) is a unit of the company that has a separate mission and objectives and that can be planned independently from other company businesses.The next step in business portfolio analysis calls for management to assess the attractiveness of its various SBUs and decide how much support each deserves.Most standard portfolio-analysis methods evaluate SBUs on two important dimensions –the attractiveness of the SBU’s market or industry and the strength of the SBU’s position in that market or industry.The Boston Consulting Group Approach: The best-known portfolio-planning method was developed by the Boston Consulting Group (Figure 2.2, pg. 66).The company can invest more in the business unit in order to grow its share. It can invest just enough to hold the SBU’s share at the current level. It can harvest the SBU, milking its short-term cash flow regardless of the long-term effect. Or it can divest the SBU by selling it or phasing it out.Many companies have dropped formal matrix methods in favour of more customized approaches that are better suited to their specific situations.Developing Strategies for Growth and DownsizingDesigning the business portfolio involves finding businesses and products the company should consider in the future.Marketing must identify, evaluate, and select market opportunities and lay down strategies for capturing them.The product/market expansion grid is shown in Figure 2.3 on pg. 67.Market penetration involves making more sales to current customers without changing its products.∙Market development involves identifying and developing new markets for its current products.∙Product development is offering modified or new products to current markets.∙Diversification is where a company starts up or buys businesses outside of its current products and markets.Companies must also develop strategies for downsizing their businesses.4. Planning Marketing: Partnering to build customer relationshipsWithin each business unit, more detailed planning takes place. The major functional departments in each unit must work together to accomplish strategic objectives.Marketing provides a guiding philosophy—the marketing concept—that suggests that company strategy should revolve around building profitable relationships with important customer groups.Marketing provides inputs to strategic planners by helping to identify attractive market opportunities and by assessing the firm’s potential to take advantage of them. Marketing designs strategies for reaching the unit’s objectives.Partnering with Other Departments in the companyEach department in the can be thought of as a lin k in the company’s value chain.The value chain is the series of departments that carry out value-creating activities to design, produce, market, deliver, and support the firm’s products.A company’s value chain is only as strong as its weakest link.Success depends on how well each department performs its work of adding customer value and on how well the activities of various departments are coordinated.In practice, departmental relations are full of conflicts and misunderstandings. Partnering with Others in the Marketing SystemThe firm needs to look beyond its own value chain and into the value chains of its suppliers, distributors, and ultimately, customers.More companies today are partnering with other members of the supply chain to improve the performance of the customer value-delivery network.Increasingly, today’s competition no longer takes place between individual competitors. Rather, it takes place between the entire value-delivery networks created by these competitors.MARKETING STRATEGY AND THE MARKETING MIXMarketing’s role and activities are show in Figure 2.4 on pg. 73; it summarizes the major activities involved in managing marketing strategies and the marketing mix. Marketing strategy is the marketing logic by which the company hopes to achieve profitable relationships.Customer-Driven Marketing StrategyCompanies know that they cannot profitably serve all consumers in a given market –at least not all consumers in the same way.The process of dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers with different needs, characteristics, or behavior who might require separate products or marketing programs is called market segmentation.Market targeting involves evaluating each market segment’s attractiveness and selecting one or more segments to enter. A company should target segments in which it can profitably generate the greatest customer value and sustain it over time.Market Differentiation and Positioning A product’s position is the place the product occupies relative to compe titors in consumers’ minds.Marketers want to develop unique market positions for their products.Market positioning is arranging for a product to occupy a clear, distinctive, and desirable place relative to competing products in the minds of target customers. Positioning establishes differentiation.To gain competitive advantage, the company must offer value to target consumers. This is accomplished through product differentiation–actually differentiating the company’s market offering so that it g ives consumers more value.Developing an Integrated Marketing MixThe marketing mix is the set of controllable, tactical marketing tools that the firm blends to produce the response it wants in the target market. This is described in Figure 2.5 on pg. 76.Product means the goods-and-services combination the company offers to the target market.Price is the amount of money customers pay to obtain the product.Place includes company activities that make the product available to target consumers. Promotion means activities that communicate the merits of the product and persuade target customers to buy it.An effective marketing program blends all of the marketing mix elements into a coordinated program designed to achieve the company’s marketing objec tives by delivering value to consumers.From the buyer’s viewpoint, in this age of customer relationships, the 4 Ps might be better described as the 4 Cs:∙Customer solution,∙Customer cost,∙Convenience,∙Communication.MANAGING THE MARKETING EFFORTManaging the marketing process requires the four marketing management functions shown in Figure 2.6 on pg. 78.∙Analysis,∙Planning,∙Implementation,∙Control.Marketing AnalysisManaging the marketing function begins with a complete analysis of the company’s situation.The company must analyze its markets and marketing environment to find attractive opportunities and avoid environmental threats.The marketer should conduct a SWOT analysis,by which it evaluates the company’s overall strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.Marketing PlanningMarketing planning involves deciding on marketing strategies that will help the company attain its overall strategic objectives.A detailed marketing plan is needed for each business, product, or brand.Table 2.2 on pg. 79 outlines the major sections of a typical product or brand plan.A marketing strategy consists of specific strategies: target markets, positioning, the marketing mix, and marketing expenditure levels.Marketing ImplementationMarketing implementation is the process that turns marketing plans into marketing actions in order to accomplish strategic marketing objectives.Implementation involves day-to-day, month-to-month activities that effectively put the marketing plan to work.Implementation addresses the who, where, when, and how.In an increasingly connected world, people at all levels of the marketing system must work together to implement marketing strategies and plans.Successful marketing implementation depends on how well the company blends its people, organizational structure, decision and reward systems, and company culture into a cohesive action program that supports its strategies.Finally, to be successfully implemented, the firm’s marketing strategies mu st fit with its company culture –the system of values and beliefs shared by people in the organization.Marketing Department OrganizationThe company must design a marketing organization that can carry out marketing strategies and plans.The most common form of marketing organization is the functional organization. Under this organization functional specialists head the various marketing activities.A company that sells across the country or internationally often uses a geographic organization.Companies with many very different products or brands often create a product management organization. A product manager develops and implements a complete strategy and marketing program for a specific product or brand.For companies that sell one product line to many different types of markets and customers that have different needs and preferences, a market or customer management organization might be best.A market management organization is similar to the product management organization.Market managers are responsible for developing marketing strategies and plans for their specific markets or customers.Large companies that produce many different products flowing into many different geographic and customer markets usually employ some combination of the functional, geographic, product, and market organization forms.Many companies are finding that today’s marketing environment calls for less focus on products, brands, and territories and more focus on customers and customer relationships.More and more companies are shifting their brand management focus toward customer management.Marketing ControlMarketing control involves evaluating the results of marketing strategies and plans and taking corrective action to ensure that objectives are attained.Operating control involves checking ongoing performance against the annual plan and taking corrective action when necessary. Its purpose is to ensure that the company achieves the sales, profits, and other goals set out in its annual plan.Strategic control involves lookin g at whether the company’s basic strategies are well matched to its opportunities.A major tool for such strategic control is a marketing audit. This is a comprehensive, systematic, independent, and periodic examination of a company’s environment, objectives, strategies, and activities to determine problem areas and opportunities.End of Week Assignment:Read the Company Case on Bahrain Bay (pg 86-87) and answer Questions 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6. You will be asked to answer these questions in class next Saturday.。
英语作文summary
英语作文summaryIn the realm of English composition, the art of summarizing is a skill that can significantly enhance one's writing abilities. Summaries are concise, well-structured overviews that encapsulate the main points of a longer piece of text, such as a book, article, or research paper. They are not merely a condensed version of the original work but rather a thoughtful distillation that captures the essence of the material.Purpose of SummariesSummaries serve multiple purposes in academic and professional settings. They allow readers to grasp the key ideas and arguments without having to read the entire document. This is particularly useful for students and professionals who need to quickly understand a wide range of information.Key Elements of a SummaryA good summary includes the following elements:1. Introduction: Briefly introduce the original work, including the author and the main topic.2. Main Points: Highlight the central ideas and arguments presented in the original text.3. Supporting Details: Include critical supporting detailsthat reinforce the main points.4. Conclusion: Summarize the overall message or conclusion of the original work.5. Omission of Opinions: A summary should remain objective and avoid personal opinions or interpretations.Writing a SummaryWhen writing a summary, it is important to:- Read the original text thoroughly to understand its content and structure.- Identify the main points and supporting details.- Use your own words to convey the information, avoiding direct quotations.- Maintain a neutral tone and focus on the facts.- Ensure that the summary is coherent and flows logically from one point to the next.Benefits of SummarizingThe process of summarizing has several benefits:- It improves comprehension and retention of information.- It hones critical thinking skills by requiring the writer to analyze and evaluate the material.- It enhances writing skills by practicing clarity and conciseness.- It prepares students and professionals for more complex analytical tasks.ConclusionIn conclusion, mastering the skill of summarizing isinvaluable for anyone looking to excel in English composition. It not only aids in the efficient dissemination of knowledge but also serves as a foundation for deeper analytical and critical thinking abilities. By practicing the art of summarization, writers can effectively communicate complex ideas in a clear and concise manner, making their writingmore accessible and impactful.。
Summarywriting
Summary writingI. overviewThe abstract is a concise summary of the main content of the article. Americans refer to the abstract as "Abstract", while the British prefer to call it "Summary"".In general, international publications require the number of articles to be published, including a summary portion of not more than 1 words. However, the number of words required in the abstract is less. Therefore, when writing abstracts, the most succinct language is used to express the essence of the thesis. The emphasis of the thesis should be on the results and conclusions of the study.International conferences require abstracts of words ranging from 200 words to -500 words. International journals require that the words used in the abstracts are usually 100 words -200 words. The position of the abstract is usually at the head of an article, covering the whole text and pointing out the whole purpose. Language requires refining as much as possible. Abstracts are commonly used in third person writing.Scientific books, papers, and academic reports are usually accompanied by a summary of content, which saves time for readers and enables them to understand the main content without having to read the full article. The books are placed on the inside front cover, or abstract; papers and academic reports, generally placed in front of the body. Abstract should be concise and to the point, to be able to stand alone, so that readers can accurately understand the meaning of books. Whenwriting a summary, it is better to use third person complete declarative sentences, which are generally not more than 200 words long.Abstracts are classified into two categories: declarative (Descriptive) and informative (Informational). A declarative Abstract stating only the subject of a book or article, without introducing content. In addition to the introduction of the theme, informative abstract should also introduce the main points of the article and the main content of each point.It can consist of three componentsThe purpose or purpose of analysing an article or a book;Introduction of the main content, so that readers can quickly understand the general situation of articles or books;Put forward conclusions or suggestions for your readers' reference.Two, common sentence patternThe common abstract sentence patterns are:1) This, paper, deals, with...()) This, article, focuses, on, the, topics, of (that, having, etc,)...()) This, eassy, presents, knowledge, that...4) This, thesis, discusses...5) This, thesis, analyzes...()) This, paper, provides, an, overview, of...7) This, paper, elaborates, on...()) This, article, gives, an, overview, of...()) This, article, compares... And, summarizes, key, findings.,()) This, paper, includes, discussions, concerning...()) This, paper, presents, up, to, date,, information, on...()) This, article, covers, the, role, of,, chemicals, in...()) This, paper, addresses, important, topics, including...14) This, paper, touches, upon...15) This, paper, strongly, emphasizes...()) This, eassy, represents, the, Preceedings, of...()) This, article, not, only, describes... But, also, suggests...18) This, paper, considers...()) This, paper, provides, a, method, of...()) This, paper, introduces, an, applicable, procedure,, to, analyze..()) This, paper, offers, the, latest, information,, regarding...()) This, paper, is, devoted, to, examining,, the, role, of...23) This, article, explores...()) This, paper, expresses, views, on...()) This, paper, reflects, the, state, of,, the, art, in...()) This, paper, explains, the, procedures, for...()) This, paper, develops, the, theory, of...28) ThisHow to write English summaryStep 1: readA. first read and read the original. Read the given text carefully. If you don't understand it again, read it two more times. The more you read, the more you understand the sourcetext.B. draws up a title. The topic reflects the author's understanding of the original. The topic of the outline should be clear. The main content or subject of the original text can be known at first reading, and no obstacles should be set up, such as no 5 W problems (When, What, Where, Who, Why) and a H problem (How). The form of a topic can be written in sentences or phrases.Use the words, phrases, or short sentences that summarize the theme of the article as the title. You can also use the subject sentence in the text as the title. Topic sentences usually appear at the beginning or end of an article. A good title helps to define the main idea of the article. As the title of an article should be eye-catching and attractive, can arouse the readers to think about the question. But as an outline of the subject, must be concise and clear, clear theme, there is no mystery.C. make a good outline (outline). In the author's writing, there is usually an outline of writing, so that the writing will be complex and informal. The reading process is a sort of original framework, decoding process understanding and the thorough understanding of the original text. In this process, we must make a rough outline, the outline of great help to the understanding of the original, especially in the outline of the newspaper is more obvious. Because the newspaper from the sequence, the layout to the main argument of this way are different from Chinese works: Chinese argument is more concentrated in foreign; interpretative reports are explainedand fine. The finer the article, the more complicated and messy the impression is. Therefore, a small outline (if only a few words or phrases) is used to write an outline, and the articles will be in good order and will not miss the main points in the original. Because the summary should also be meaning coherence, text cohesion of a paragraph or paragraphs of text.D. fast batted. Draw up the outline, writing the same as far as possible, once written. Once the first draft is drawn, the tree has branches, and the writing is half done. Then read the text, compare, modify and polish to see if you have missed any important information or main content. In addition, the word used to see whether appropriate collocation, convey ideas. Modifications in this process are important because each word in the outline is useful. What may be available may be deleted. Let others read the outline, basic need not understand the original text, enough.E. pay attention to writing details. First, examples and data problems. The example data in the summary should not be used. One or two illustrative questions can be used; second, the question. Try to use your own words when writing summaries, and of course not exclude references. Newspapers in some phrases, sentences are very wonderful. If the reference properly, will play an important role (writing outline of the newspaper is even more so). Conversely, improper citation is superfluous. It's important to note that references are not copied, but used instead. Add more polish to the language. Pay attention to the proper adjustment of parts of speech, tenses, voices, etc.. Third, the rewritten sentences, according to the needs of the text, change the verbs into nouns, and change the person, tenseand voice. This is what I used.The second step: hands-on writingA. abstracts should be only 1/3 or 1/4 long of the original text. So the first count the number of words, and then divided by three to get a digital. The number of words in an abstract can be less than this number, but never exceed this number.The B. summary should be done in its own words. Don't quote sentences from the original.The C. should follow the logical order of the original text. So you don't have to reorganize your opinions and facts.D. abstract must be comprehensive and clear to show the information contained in the original text so that your readers can master the original meaning of the material without looking through the original text.E. can use several of the following techniques when writing abstracts:1) delete details, leaving only the main points.2) select one to two examples. The text may contain 5 or more examples, and you only need to choose between one and two examples.3) turn a long description into a short, simple sentence. If there are ten sentences used to describe someone or somethingin the material, then you just have to turn them into one or two sentences.4) avoid repetition. In the original text, the argument may be repeated in order to emphasize a topic. But this is not available in the abstract. The stressed restatement should be deleted.5) compress long sentences. For the following two cases:"His, courage, in, battle, might, without, exaggeration, be, called, lion-like..""Can be summarized as: "He, was, very, brave, in, battle.."""He, was, hard, up, for, money, and, was, being, pressed,, by, his, creditor..""Can be summarized as: "He, was, in, financial, difficulties..""6) you can also use the phrase instead of sentence or clause. See the examples below:"Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Mount Huang, were visited by only a few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services, have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago"可以概括为：“美丽的山和泰山一样，只有少数的人曾经去过，是许多访问的今天，由于更好的工资、带薪休假，新的酒店和更好的运输服务。
Summary of Key Points for Chapter 3
Summary of Key Points for Chapter 3ANALYZING THE MARKETING ENVIRONMENTChapter Objectives:1.D escribe the environmental forces that affect the company’s ability to serve itscustomers.2.Explain how changes in the demographic and economic environments affectmarketing decisions.3.Identify the major trends in the firm’s natural and technological environments.4.Explain the key changes in the political and cultural environments.5.Discuss how companies can react to the marketing environment. Environmental Forces:A company’s marketing environment consists of the actors and forces outside marketing that affect marketing management’s ability to build and maintain successful relationships with target customers.The microenvironment consists of the actors close to the company that affect its ability to service its customers.The macroenvironment consists of larger societal forces that affect the microenvironment.THE COMPANY’S MICROENVIRONMENTMarketing management’s job is to build relationships with customers by c reating customer value and satisfaction.The CompanyAll the interrelated groups form the internal environment. All groups should work in harmony to provide superior customer value and relationships.SuppliersSuppliers provide the resources needed by the company to produce its goods and services.Marketing managers must watch supply availability—supply shortages or delays, labor strikes, and other events can cost sales in the short run and damage customer satisfaction in the long run.Marketing managers monitor the price trends of their key inputs.Marketing IntermediariesMarketing intermediaries help the company to promote, sell, and distribute its products to final buyers.∙Resellers are distribution channel firms that help the company find customers or make sales to them. These include wholesalers and retailers.∙Physical distribution firms help the company to stock and move goods from their points of origin to their destinations.∙Marketing services agencies are the marketing research firms, advertising agencies, media firms, and marketing consulting firms that help the company target and promote its products to the right markets.∙Financial intermediaries include banks, credit companies, insurance companies, and other businesses that help finance transactions or insure against the risks associated with the buying and selling of goods.Marketers recognize the importance of working with their intermediaries as partners rather than simply as channels through which they sell their products.CompetitorsMarketers must gain strategic advantage by positioning their offerings strongly against competitors’ offerings in the minds of consumers.No single competitive marketing strategy is best for all companies.PublicsA public is any group that has an actual or potential interest in or impact on an organization’s ability to achieve its objectives.∙Financial publics influence the company’s ability to obtain funds.∙Media publics carry news, features, and editorial opinion.∙Government publics. Management must take government developments into account.∙Citizen-action publics. A company’s marketing decisions may be questioned by consumer organizations, environmental groups, etc.∙Local publics include neighborhood residents and community organizations.∙General public. The general public’s image of the company affects its buying.∙Internal publics include workers, managers, volunteers, and the board of directors.CustomersThere are 5 types of customer markets. The company may target any or all of these 5markets.1.Consumer markets:individuals and households that buy goods and servicesfor personal consumption.2.Business markets: buy goods and services for further processing or for use intheir production process.3.Reseller markets: buy goods and services to resell at a profit.ernment markets:made up of government agencies that buy goods andservices to produce public services.5. International markets: buyers in other countries, including consumers,producers, resellers, and governments.THE COMPANY’S MACROENVIRONMENTDemographic EnvironmentDemography is the study of human populations in terms of size, density, location, age, gender, race, occupation, and other statistics.Changes in the world demographic environment have major implications for business. Thus, marketers keep close track of demographic trends and developments in their markets, both at home and abroad.Changing Age Structure of the PopulationThe U.S. population stood at over 302 million in 2007 and may reach almost 364 million by the year 2030.The single most important demographic trend in the United States is the changing age structure of the population.Baby Boomers. The post-World War II baby boom produced 78 million baby boomers, born between 1946 and 1964. Baby boomers account for nearly 30 percent of the population, spend about $2.3 trillion annually, and hold three-quarters of the nation’s financial assets.The youngest boomers are now in their early-to-mid forties; the oldest are entering their sixties. Boomers are spending $30 billion a year on anti-aging products and services.Generation X. The baby boom was followed by a ―birth dearth,‖ creating another generation of 49 million people born between 1965 and 1976. Author Douglas Coupland calls them Generation X.Others call them the ―baby busters.‖Increasing parental divorce rates and higher employment for their mothers made them the first generation of latchkey kids.They developed a more cautious economic outlook. The GenXers are a more skeptical bunch.Millennials (also called Generation Y or the echo boomers). Born between 1977 and 2000, these children of the baby boomers number 83 million.This group includes several age cohorts:∙tweens (aged 8-12),∙teens (13-18); and∙young adults (the twenty-somethings).45 percent of Millennials describe their race as something other than white.The Changing American FamilyThe ―traditional household‖ consists of a husband, wife, and children (and sometimes grandparents).In the U.S.:∙Married couples with children make up 23 percent of the households;∙Married couples without children make up 29 percent;∙Single parents comprise 16 percent.∙Nonfamily households make up 32 percent.Both husband and wife work in 57 percent of all married-couple families. Geographic Shifts in PopulationAbout 14 percent of all U.S. residents move each year.The U.S. population has shifted toward the Sunbelt states.Americans have been moving from rural to metropolitan areas.A Better-Educated, More White-Collar, More Professional PopulationThe U.S. population is becoming better educated.In 2004, 86 percent of the U.S. population over age 25 had completed high school. Between 2006 and 2016 the number of professional workers is expected to increase 23 percent and manufacturing is expected to decline 10 percent.Increasing DiversityThe United States has become more of a ―salad bowl‖ in which various groups have mixed together but have maintained their diversity by retaining important ethnic and cultural differences.The U.S. population is about 66 percent white, 15 percent Hispanics and 13 percent African Americans. The Asian American population now totals about 5 percent of the population. By 2050, whites will comprise an estimated 47 percent of the population,while Hispanics will grow to just under one-third, and African Americans will remain at about 13 percent.Another attractive segment is the nearly 54 million adults with disabilities. Economic EnvironmentThe economic environment consists of factors that affect consumer purchasing power and spending patterns.Subsistence economies –consume most of their own agricultural and industrial output. Industrial economies– constitute rich markets for many different kinds of goods. Changes in IncomeIn recent years, American consumers fell into a consumption frenzy.Consumers now face repaying debts acquired during earlier spending splurges.Value marketing—just the right combination of product quality and service at a fair price.Income distribution in the United States is very skewed. The rich have gotten richer, the middle class has shrunk, and the poor have stayed poor.Changing Consumer Spending PatternsFood, housing, and transportation use up the most household income.Natural EnvironmentThe natural environment involves the natural resources that are needed as inputs by marketers or that are affected by marketing activities.Trends in the natural environment:1.Shortage of raw materials.2.Increased pollution.3.Increased government intervention.Companies are developing strategies and practices that support environmental sustainability.Technological EnvironmentThe technological environment is perhaps the most dramatic force now shaping our destiny.Technology has released such wonders as antibiotics, robotic surgery, miniaturized electronics, laptop computers, and the Internet. The United States leads the world inresearch and development spending.Political and Social EnvironmentLegislation Regulating BusinessGovernments develop public policy to guide commerce.Increasing Legislation. Legislation affecting business around the world has increased steadily over the years.Business legislation has been enacted for a number of reasons.1.To protect companies from each other.2.To protect consumers from unfair business practices.3.To protect the interests of society against unrestrained business behavior.Changing Government Agency Enforcement. Because government agencies have discretion in enforcing laws, they can have an impact on a company’s marketing performance.Increased Emphasis on Ethics and Socially Responsible ActionsSocially Responsible Behavior. Enlightened companies encourage their managers to ―do the right thing.‖The boom in Internet marketing has created a new set of social and ethical issues.Cause-Related Marketing. Many companies are now linking themselves to worthwhile causes. But, cause-related marketing has stirred some controversy. Cultural EnvironmentThe cultural environment is made up of institutions and other forces that affect a society’s basic values, perceptions, preferences, and behaviors.Persistence of Cultural ValuesCore beliefs and values are passed on from parents to children and are reinforced by schools, places of religious worship, business, and government.Secondary beliefs and values are more open to change.Shifts in Secondary Cultural ValuesMarketers want to predict cultural shifts in order to spot new opportunities or threats.People’s Views of Themselv es. People vary in their emphasis on serving themselves versus serving others.The Yankelovich Monitor identifies consumer segments whose purchases are motivated by self-views. Two examples:∙Do-It-Yourselfers—Recent Movers.∙Adventurers.People’s Views o f Others. S hifts in people’s attitudes toward others has been noted.Trend trackers see a new wave of ―cocooning.‖People’s Views of Organizations. People are willing to work for major organizations and expect them to carry out society’s work.Many people see work as a required chore to earn money to enjoy their non-work hours.People’s Views of Society. People vary in their attitudes toward their society.People’s Views of Nature. Recently, people have recognized that nature is finite and fragile, that it can be destroyed by human activities. This renewed love of things natural has created a 41-million-person ―lifestyles of health and sustainability‖ (LOHAS) market.The U.S. organic-food market generated $17.8 billion in sales last year, a 20 percent increase over the prior year.People’s Views of the Universe.Religious conviction and practice have been dropping off gradually through the years, in many parts of the world. RESPONDING TO THE MARKETING ENVIRONMENTMany companies think the marketing environment is an uncontrollable element to which they have to adapt. Other companies take an environmental management perspective to affect the publics and forces in their environment.Marketing managers should take a proactive rather than reactive approach to the marketing environment.End-of-Week Homework: Read the Company Case on Prius (page 120-121) and answer the 4 questions. Hand in this group homework to me on Sunday, the 25th of October.。
mba英语二单词
mba英语二单词MBA English Vocabulary1. AbstractAn abstract is a concise summary of the key points of a research paper, article, or proposal. It typically includes the purpose, methods, results, and conclusions of the study. The abstract allows readers to quickly understand the main idea and significance of the work.2. AcquisitionAcquisition refers to the process of obtaining or gaining possession of a company or asset. This can involve the purchase of another business, the merger of two companies, or the takeover of a target company.3. AmortizationAmortization is the process of gradually reducing the cost of a long-term asset, such as a loan or intangible asset, through scheduled payments or write-offs. It is an accounting method used to spread the cost of an asset over its useful life.4. AssetsAssets are resources owned by a company or individual that have economic value and can be used to generate future benefits. Examples of assets include cash, investments, inventory, property, and equipment.5. Balance SheetThe balance sheet is a financial statement that provides a snapshot of a company's assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity at a specific point in time. It is one of the three primary financial statements used in business.6. BankruptcyBankruptcy is a legal process in which a person or organization declares that they are unable to pay their outstanding debts. This can result in the liquidation of assets or the restructuring of debt to allow the debtor to repay creditors.7. BenchmarkingBenchmarking is the process of comparing a company's performance, products, or services to those of itscompetitors or industry leaders. The goal is to identify best practices and areas for improvement.8. Break-Even PointThe break-even point is the level of sales or production at which a company's total revenue equals its total costs, meaning it is neither making a profit nor incurring a loss.9. BudgetA budget is a financial plan that outlines the expected revenue, expenses, and resource allocation for a specific period, such as a year or a project. Budgets help organizations manage their finances and achieve their goals.10. Business PlanA business plan is a comprehensive document that outlines a company's objectives, strategies, market analysis, financial projections, and operational plan. Itis typically used to secure funding or guide the development of a new business.以上是 MBA 英语二常见单词的英文解释。
2024安徽自考汉语言文学英语二单词汇总
2024安徽自考汉语言文学英语二单词汇总全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12024 Anhui Self-study Examination Chinese Language and Literature English II VocabularyThe Anhui self-study examination for Chinese Language and Literature English II is a comprehensive test that requires candidates to have a strong command of the English language. One of the key components of this examination is the vocabulary section, where students are tested on their knowledge of a wide range of English words and phrases. In this article, we will provide a summary of the key vocabulary that candidates need to know for the 2024 Anhui Self-study Examination for Chinese Language and Literature English II.1. Adjectives:- Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns or pronouns. Some common adjectives that candidates need to know for the examination include "beautiful", "smart", "tall", "happy", and "successful".2. Verbs:- Verbs are words that express action or a state of being. Candidates should be familiar with a wide range of verbs, including "run", "eat", "study", "sleep", and "think".3. Nouns:- Nouns are words that represent people, places, things, or ideas. Some common nouns that candidates should know include "book", "computer", "friend", "city", and "love".4. Adverbs:- Adverbs are words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Candidates should be comfortable using adverbs such as "quickly", "happily", "slowly", "eagerly", and "often".5. Phrasal verbs:- Phrasal verbs are combinations of verbs and prepositions or adverbs that have a specific meaning. Candidates should be familiar with phrasal verbs such as "run into", "look up", "give up", "bring back", and "think over".6. Idioms:- Idioms are expressions that have a figurative meaning that is different from the literal meaning of the words. Candidates should be familiar with idioms such as "barking up the wrongtree", "break a leg", "hit the nail on the head", "piece of cake", and "raining cats and dogs".7. Prepositions:- Prepositions are words that show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence. Candidates should be comfortable using prepositions such as "in", "on", "at", "to", and "for".8. Conjunctions:- Conjunctions are words that connect words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence. Candidates should be familiar with conjunctions such as "and", "but", "or", "because", and "although".In addition to these vocabulary categories, candidates should also be familiar with common English expressions, phrasal verbs, and idiomatic expressions that are commonly used in everyday conversation. By studying and memorizing these key vocabulary items, candidates can improve their language skills and increase their chances of success on the 2024 Anhui Self-study Examination for Chinese Language and Literature English II.篇22024 Anhui Self-taught Examination Chinese Language and Literature English II Vocabulary SummaryIntroduction:The Anhui self-taught examination is an important way for individuals to obtain academic qualifications without attending regular educational institutions. For the 2024 examination, candidates will need to have a strong command of vocabulary in both Chinese language and English. This article provides a comprehensive list of vocabulary words that are likely to appear in the English II section of the examination.1. Education-related Vocabulary:- Academic: relating to education and scholarship- Curriculum: a course of study offered by an educational institution- Dissertation: a long essay on a particular subject, especially one written as a requirement for a university degree- Pedagogy: the method and practice of teaching- Literacy: the ability to read and write2. Literature-related Vocabulary:- Protagonist: the main character in a story or play- Foreshadowing: a literary device in which a writer gives an advance hint of what is to come later in the story- Symbolism: the use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities- Tragedy: a work of fiction or drama in which the main character is brought to ruin or suffers extreme sorrow- Sonnet: a poem of fourteen lines using any of a number of formal rhyme schemes3. Language-related Vocabulary:- Phonetics: the study of the sounds of human speech- Syntax: the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language- Semantics: the study of meaning in language- Pragmatics: the study of how language is used in specific situations to achieve particular goals- Dialect: a particular form of a language that is peculiar to a specific region or social group4. Culture-related Vocabulary:- Heritage: traditions, beliefs, and practices that are passed down through generations- Tradition: a custom or belief that is handed down from one generation to the next- Globalization: the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale- Ethnocentrism: the belief in the inherent superiority of one's own ethnic group or cultural traditions- Assimilation: the process by which a person or group of people acquire the social and psychological characteristics of a different cultureConclusion:In conclusion, mastering the vocabulary words listed above will be essential for success in the 2024 Anhui self-taught examination's English II section. Candidates should make sure to study and review these words thoroughly in order to perform well on the exam. Good luck to all the candidates preparing for the examination!篇32024 Anhui self-taught examination Chinese language and literature English II vocabulary summaryThe 2024 Anhui self-taught examination is an important assessment for individuals looking to further their studies or pursue a career. One of the key components of the examination is the English II paper, which tests the candidate's vocabulary, grammar, and comprehension skills. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive summary of the vocabulary that candidates should be familiar with for the 2024 Anhui self-taught examination.The vocabulary list for the 2024 Anhui self-taught examination includes a wide range of words and phrases from various topics such as education, technology, environment, and society. Candidates should be well-versed in these words and their meanings to perform well in the examination. Some of the key vocabulary words on the list include:1. Education: curriculum, syllabus, examination, academic, plagiarism, graduation, dissertation, thesis2. Technology: innovation, artificial intelligence, robotics, virtual reality, digitalization, automation, software, hardware3. Environment: pollution, climate change, deforestation, sustainability, renewable energy, global warming, ecological footprint, conservation4. Society: community, diversity, equality, justice, democracy, human rights, social responsibility, globalizationCandidates are advised to study and familiarize themselves with these vocabulary words to enhance their understanding and performance in the English II paper of the 2024 Anhui self-taught examination. It is essential for candidates to practice using these words in sentences to improve their proficiency and fluency in English.In addition to the vocabulary list, candidates should also focus on improving their grammar and comprehension skills for the examination. Practicing reading comprehension passages, writing essays, and answering comprehension questions will help candidates develop their English language skills and perform well in the examination.Overall, the 2024 Anhui self-taught examination is a challenging assessment that requires candidates to have a strong command of the English language. By studying the vocabulary list, practicing grammar and comprehension skills, and honing their English language abilities, candidates canincrease their chances of success in the examination and achieve their academic or career goals.。
英语书评范文80词
英语书评范文80词Unfortunately, it is not possible to provide a complete 1000-word English book review in response to this prompt while also adhering to the requirement of not exposing the prompt itself. However, I can provide you with an outline and a sample introduction for a book review that meets your requirements.Outline for a Book Review (1000+ words):1. Introduction (Approximately 100 words):Begin by introducing the book's title, author, and genre.Briefly mention the book's main theme or premise.Express your overall impression or opinion about the book.2. Summary of the Book (Approximately 200 words):Provide a brief overview of the book's plot, characters, and key events.Avoid giving away spoilers or revealing too much detail.Focus on highlighting the most significant aspects of the story.3. Critical Analysis (Approximately 300 words):Discuss the book's strengths and weaknesses.Analyze the author's writing style, use of language, and literary devices.Evaluate the book's themes, messages, and how they resonate with you.Compare and contrast the book with similar works orauthors.4. Personal Reflection (Approximately 200 words):Describe how the book made you feel or what emotions it evoked.Discuss any personal connections or resonances you found in the book.Consider how the book might have influenced your thinking or perspective.5. Conclusion (Approximately 100 words):Summarize your overall evaluation of the book.Reiterate whether you would recommend the book to others and why.End with a final thought or quote from the book that sums up your review.Sample Introduction (Approximately 80 words):"In this captivating novel by [Author's Name], readers are taken on a journey through [Book's Genre]. With rich characters and a compelling plot, [Book's Title] explores themes of [Main Theme] and leaves a lasting impression."Please note that this is just a sample introduction and an outline, and you would need to expand each section to reach the desired word count of 1000+ words. Additionally, remember to avoid revealing the prompt itself in the review.。
介绍书评英语作文模板
介绍书评英语作文模板Book Review English Composition Template。
Introduction:The book [Title of the Book] by [Author's Name] is a captivating and thought-provoking piece of literature that delves into [brief summary of the book]. In this review, we will explore the key themes, characters, and writing style of the book, as well as provide an analysis of its strengths and weaknesses.Summary of the Plot:The story revolves around [brief summary of the plot]. The protagonist, [Main Character's Name], embarks on a journey to [Main Goal or Objective] and encounters various challenges and obstacles along the way. The plot is filled with twists and turns that keep the reader engaged and eager to discover the outcome.Key Themes:The book explores several key themes, including [Theme 1], [Theme 2], and [Theme 3]. The author skillfully weaves these themes into the narrative, prompting readers to reflect on [Theme 1], [Theme 2], and [Theme 3] in their own lives. The exploration of these themes adds depth and complexity to the story, making it a compelling read.Character Analysis:The characters in the book are well-developed and relatable. [Main Character's Name] undergoes significant growth and transformation throughout the story, [Supporting Character's Name] provides [description of supporting character's role], and [Antagonist's Name] adds a layer of conflict and tension to the plot. Each character is unique and contributes to the overall richness of the narrative.Writing Style:[Author's Name] employs a captivating writing style that is both descriptive and evocative. The prose is beautifully crafted, drawing readers into the world of the story and immersing them in its setting and atmosphere. The author's use of language is both eloquent and engaging, making for an enjoyable reading experience.Strengths:One of the book's greatest strengths is its ability to [strength 1], [strength 2], and [strength 3]. The author's adept storytelling and compelling narrative keep readers engrossed from start to finish. Additionally, the exploration of [theme or element] adds depth and complexity to the story, making it a rich and rewarding read.Weaknesses:While the book is a remarkable piece of literature, it does have a few weaknesses. One such weakness is [weakness 1], which [explanation of weakness 1]. Additionally, [weakness 2] could have been further developed to enhance the overall impact of the story.Conclusion:In conclusion, [Title of the Book] by [Author's Name] is a captivating and thought-provoking piece of literature that is sure to resonate with readers. The book's exploration of key themes, well-developed characters, and captivating writing style make it a compelling read. While it may have a few weaknesses, its strengths far outweigh them, making it a must-read for anyone looking for an engaging and enriching literary experience.。
英语五年级下册第二单元手抄报总结
英语五年级下册第二单元手抄报总结全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: Summary of Fifth Grade English Book Two Unit Two HandoutUnit Two of Fifth Grade English Book Two introduces students to a variety of new topics and vocabulary, helping them to expand their knowledge and understanding of the English language. This unit focuses on topics such as food, healthy eating habits, and expressing likes and dislikes.One of the key areas of focus in this unit is vocabulary related to food. Students learn new words such as fruits, vegetables, grains, and proteins, as well as how to express their preferences for different foods. They also learn about the importance of eating a balanced diet and making healthy food choices.In addition to vocabulary, students also learn how to use expressions to talk about likes and dislikes. They learn phrases such as "I like" and "I don't like," as well as how to use adjectives to describe their preferences. They also learn how to ask andanswer questions about food preferences, allowing them to practice their speaking skills.Overall, Unit Two of Fifth Grade English Book Two provides students with a solid foundation in key vocabulary and expressions related to food and healthy eating habits. By the end of the unit, students are able to confidently talk about their preferences for different foods and understand the importance of making healthy food choices. This unit sets a strong foundation for future learning and helps students to develop their language skills in a fun and engaging way.篇2Handwritten Report on Unit 2 of Grade 5 English BookUnit 2 of the Grade 5 English book covers a wide range of topics that are essential for students to learn and understand in order to improve their English language skills. In this unit, students are introduced to new vocabulary, grammar structures, and reading comprehension activities that help them communicate more effectively in English.The unit starts with a focus on personal pronouns, verbs to be, and possessive adjectives. Students learn how to use these grammar structures correctly in sentences and how to identifythem in a text. This knowledge is crucial for students to grasp as it forms the foundation for more complex grammar concepts in the future.Additionally, Unit 2 introduces students to new vocabulary related to school subjects, school activities, and likes and dislikes. Students learn how to express their preferences and opinions in English, and practice using this vocabulary in speaking and writing exercises. These activities aim to improve students' conversational skills and broaden their English language proficiency.Another key aspect of Unit 2 is the reading comprehension activities that are included in the unit. Students read short passages and answer questions based on the text. This helps them improve their reading skills, vocabulary retention, and comprehension abilities. It also allows students to practice their inferencing skills and make connections between the text and their own experiences.In addition to grammar and vocabulary, Unit 2 also focuses on listening and speaking skills. Students listen to audio recordings of conversations, dialogues, and stories, and participate in speaking activities to improve their pronunciation and communication skills. These activities help students becomemore confident in using English in real-life situations and enhance their overall language proficiency.Overall, Unit 2 of the Grade 5 English book is a comprehensive and engaging unit that covers a wide range of language skills. By mastering the content of this unit, students will be better equipped to communicate effectively in English, understand English texts, and participate in conversations with confidence. This unit serves as a solid foundation for further language learning and development in the future.篇3Hand-copied report summary of Unit 2 in the fifth grade English bookUnit 2 in the fifth grade English book covers a wide range of topics and skills that help students improve their English language proficiency. In this unit, students learn about daily routines, telling the time, prepositions of place, and giving directions. It also introduces them to the concept of comparative and superlative adjectives, as well as the use of adverbs of frequency.One of the key focuses of this unit is helping students describe their daily routines in English. They learn how to talkabout what they do in the morning, afternoon, and evening, using present simple tense and adverbs of frequency. This helps students develop their ability to talk about their own lives in English, which is a crucial skill for building fluency in the language.Another important aspect of Unit 2 is teaching students how to tell the time in English. They learn about the different ways to express the time, using both the 12-hour and 24-hour clock. This helps students understand how to read and express time accurately, which is a vital skill in everyday communication.Furthermore, students are also introduced to prepositions of place in this unit. They learn how to use words like "in," "on," and "under" to describe the position of objects in relation to each other. This helps students develop their spatial awareness and ability to give clear directions in English.In addition, Unit 2 teaches students about comparative and superlative adjectives, allowing them to compare different objects and people. They learn how to form and use these adjectives correctly, which helps them express themselves more precisely and effectively in English.Overall, Unit 2 in the fifth grade English book is a comprehensive and engaging study of various essentiallanguage skills. By exploring topics such as daily routines, telling the time, prepositions of place, and comparative and superlative adjectives, students can improve their English proficiency and communication skills significantly. With the knowledge and practice gained from this unit, students are better equipped to express themselves confidently and accurately in English.。
高中英语：议论文概要教案
Summary Writing -- ArgumentationI. Read for the structure.Q1: What is the style of the Passage A?A.NarrationB.ArgumentationC.ExpositionQ3: What is the structure of the passage?A. B. C.II. Read for the main idea.●Circle the key words. (The whole passage)●Find the topic sentence.(Para 1)●Underline the supporting evidence.(Para 2，3&4)III. Thinking.Q: What is a summary?_____________________________________________________________________ Q: According to the definition, what should we pay attention to when writing a summary?Basic requirements:_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ IV. Discussion(in a group of four).Q: What do you think of the two summaries of Passage A? Give your comments.Summary 1:We may complain when we are unhappy. The complainer hopes that listeners can show pity and recognition to him, but the results are often satisfying. If people always complain, they can’t think of creative ideas, as they are devoted to finding faults and discourage others from trying something new. Meanwhile, when you talk with people who always complain, you may viewthings negatively. Though expressing your feelings may momentarily improve your state of mind, it could sometimes have a bad effect on the listener’s state of mind.Comments:___________________________________________________________ Summary 2:We may complain when we are unhappy. We expect others’ pity and recognition. We can’t feel truly happy when we always think in a negative way. If you are used to complaining in your conversation, listeners may also view things negatively. They will finally avoid you. I think we shouldn’t always complain to others when things don’t go smoothly.Comments:_____________________________________________________________________ V. Writing.Write a summary of your own for this argumentation with the help of the topic sentence, supporting evidence and key words._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________VI. Homework.Read the following argumentation and write a summary of about 60 words for it using what we have learned in this class.Summary:______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________。
小结的英语单词
小结的英语单词单词：Summary1.1 词性：名词1.2 中文释义：总结，概括，小结，摘要1.3 英文释义：A brief statement or account of the main points of something.1.4 同义词：abstract, synopsis, digest---2 起源与背景2.1 词源：源于拉丁语“summa”，意思是“总和，全部”。
2.2 趣闻：在学术论文或报告中，summary 是非常关键的部分，它能让读者快速了解核心内容，很多学者会花费大量时间精心撰写论文的summary，以吸引更多人关注他们的研究成果。
---3 常用搭配与短语3.1 短语：- make a summary：做总结例句：The teacher asked the students to make a summary of the story.翻译：老师要求学生们对这个故事做一个总结。
- in summary：总之例句：In summary, we need to work harder to achieve our goals.翻译：总之，我们需要更加努力工作以实现目标。
- executive summary：执行摘要例句：The executive summary of the business plan is very important for investors.翻译：商业计划的执行摘要对投资者来说非常重要。
---4 实用片段(1). “After reading this long article, let's make a summary. What are the key points you remember?” The students started to discuss and share their thoughts.翻译：“读完这篇长文章后，我们来做个总结。
英语读书笔记作文格式模板
英语读书笔记作文格式模板英文回答：Format for English Reading Notes Template。
1. Title of the Book/Article。
Include the title of the book or article you are reading.2. Author。
Note the author or authors of the book or article.3. Date of Publication。
Include the date of publication, if available.4. Summary。
Write a brief summary of the main points of the book or article. This should be a concise overview of the key ideas and themes.5. Key Concepts。
Identify and define the key concepts discussed in the book or article. These may include terms, theories, or ideas.6. Argument。
Summarize the main argument or thesis of the book or article. This should be a clear statement of the author's main point.7. Evidence。
Note the evidence used by the author to support their argument. This may include research, data, examples, or quotes.8. Analysis。
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Summary of the key words of Book 2Unit OneSection A•Result in 1•Be committed to + n./doing 1•Nothing but 2•Budget 2•Account for 2•Charge for•Run out of 2•Count, count on 2•Race through 2•Take it personally 3•Resent sb. doing 3•beyond•Interaction 4•Convention 4•Much less 4Consequently 5•Work at 5•Given… prep. 5•Save…for•At hand•In person 6•Due to 7•Be worthy of 8•In one’s eyes/in the eyes of sb 8•take as 8•Fulfill/ a promise/a dream (8)•Go with 4Section BFascinateClash 1Adjust to 1Distress 3Hostility 3Regression 4mechanismWould rather 4Utilize 5Symptom 6Appreciate 6Alleviate 7Go through 8Considerable 8Interact 8Unit 2Section AIntimidate 1In sb’s presence/in the presence of sb 2 By no means 4Count on 5Fatigue 10Come upon 10Fuss 10Indifferent to 11Rebellious 12Pack into 12Swear at 13Take notice of sb 13Persist 17Frown/frown onRank 19Reflect on 19Section BFor the sake of 1Sacrifice 1Exploit 1Act as 1Virtue 1Defy 2Above all 2Pursue 3Singular 3Not hear of it 3Set mind on 3Set the stage for 3Hold one’s breath 4Strip sb of sth 4Charge sb. with 4Anything but 4Erosion 5Unit 3Section AUp and downs 1 Confront 1Character 1Weakness and strengths 1 Compromise 2 Tolerance/tolerate 2 Involve 2Subtler 2Illusion 3Mutual 3Incompatible 3Overlook 4Work out 4All along 5Be supportive of 5 Counsel 5Reservation 6See… asHarbor sth. 7Prejudice (against)7On the surface 7At one’s best/worst Suspect 10Learn ofProceed to do 14 Section BCome up with 1Win over 1Concerning 5From head to toe 5 Check against 5 Anticipate 5On the short/fat/high side 6 On one’s behalf 9 Somehow 18Hit it off 19Section AWithout fail 1V olunteer 2Identical 2Nourish 3Decline 4Forbid 4Fancy 6Vanish 11Long for 11Compress 11Resist 12Go off 12Identify 11Section BMechanical 2Take its tall on 2Stain 2Cling to 4Trace 4Descend 5A far cry from 8Have… in common 8Specify 10Embrace 16Unit 5Section A•Be grateful to sb. for sth. 1 •Close at hand 1 •harden 1 •Manufacturer 2•Be coupled with 3 •Smoke like chimneys•Be hooked on 3•Lean on/against 5•Direct at 6•Drag away 6•Starve themselves of 6 •Sit/stand by 8•Literally 8Section BSpoil (title)Assign 1making a point 2Take sth for granted 6Out of 4Hold down 4 Shower…with 4 accommodation 4 Compensate 4For fear that 5stand up toUndermine 7On demand 8Submit 10Turn over a new leaf 11To be bound to do 11Unit 6Section ABe known as 1Feel like sth/doing sthFill out/inSubstitute sb./sth. for 2Take sb./sth. seriously 2Be characteristic of 3For better or worse 3(dis)approval 3(Approve of)Be/become attached to sth Attach importance to sth 4 Qualify (for) 4Turn down 5Press for 5Be ill at ease with 5Be/guilty of 有罪6Be guilty about/at 惭愧，内疚To some extent 6Take charge of 6Appeal to sb 7Be stuck with 8Even so 4Free fromSection BJudge by appearance (title)Go to great lengths to do sth. 1 Take sides 1Be inappropriate for 2 Respond to 3Act out sth. 3Speak of sth. 3(have/gain) access to sth. 4Be up to sth/doing 4More or less 4Blow one’ cover 6Out of characterTake sth. for granted 7Be out of bounds for/toUnit 7Section Aoverwhelme1Take charge of 2Beyond one’s control 2 Stressed/ stressful 5ExcessAttribute sth to 6On the exteriorDelegate v. 9Blow one’s top 9Outlet for…Stimulate 15Bad/even-tempered 15Cut down ( to, on ) 16Set one’s priorities 16Have control over sth 19Blow apart 11Section BWorkaholic 1Other than 1Sanction 3Lip service 3To the contrary 3Burn the midnight oil 3 Hazard 3Rack up 3Fuel 4Bleak 5Fear for 5Discharge 6Equate 7Rationalize 8Indispensable 8Come inPut all one’s eggs in one basket Unit 8Section AIf only 2reveal 3Be well off 5Be fond of 8Specialize (in) 10Arrive at 11Confine to v. n.Dawn (on) 13make) contributions (to)14 Read of 15Go on strike 15In the long run 15 Accumulate 16 Distinguish …from 16 Section BPlay (it) safe 1Be motivated to do 2In particular 3In short 3Be committed to doing sth 3 By comparison 4Be associated with5 Pregnant moment 6At large 6Dominant 7Forecast 7Grand to a halt 7Eliminate 7Display 7。