Wood Joints
北师大版英语小学五年级上学期期中试题与参考答案(2024-2025学年)
2024-2025学年北师大版英语小学五年级上学期期中自测试题与参考答案一、听力部分（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、听力材料：A. Hello, are you John? I’m Li Hua. I’m in Grade 5.B. Hi, John. I’m in Grade 5 too. How are you?Question: What grade are the two speakers in?A. Grade 4B. Grade 5C. Grade 6Answer: B. Grade 5Explanation: The first speaker says, “I’m Li Hua. I’m in Grade 5,” and the second speaker confirms, “I’m in Grade 5 too.” Therefore, both speakers are in Grade 5.2、听力材料：A. I have a pen, a pencil, and a ruler.B. Can you help me find my eraser?Question: What does the second speaker need?A. A penB. A pencilC. An eraserAnswer: C. An eraserExplanation: The second speaker asks, “Can you help me find my eraser?” This indicates that they are looking for an eraser, not a pen or a pencil.3、Listen to a conversation between two friends about their weekend plans. Choose the correct answer based on what you hear.Recording Script:•Friend A: Hey, are we still going to the park for a picnic this Saturday?•Friend B: Oh, I’m so sorry! I forgot to tell you. I can’t make it this weekend. My aunt is visiting, and my family is planning a smallget-together at home.•Friend A: That’s okay. Maybe we can plan something for next week then?Question: What does Friend B say about the original plan for the weekend?A)They will go to the park as planned.B)They have to cancel the park visit because of a family event.C)They want to change the location of the picnic.Answer: B) They have to cancel the park visit because of a family event.Explanation: In the conversation, Friend B explains that they cannot go to the park for a picnic because their aunt is visiting, and there will be a family gathering at home instead. Therefore, the original plan to go to the park is canceled due to a family event.4、Listen to the following weather forecast and fill in the blanks with theinformation you hear.Recording Script:•Weather Reporter: Good evening, everyone. Here is your weather update for the coming days. Starting from tomorrow, we will see a drop in temperature, and byWednesday, we expect the lowest temperature to reach 5 degrees Celsius. There will be scattered showers throughout the week, but don’t worry; the sun will also makean appearance. So, remember to carry an umbrella when you go out and keepyourself warm.Question: Complete the sentences below according to the weather forecast.a)The temperature will start to_______from tomorrow.b)By Wednesday, the lowest temperature is expected to be_______degrees Celsius.c)There will be_______throughout the week, but the sun will also appear.Answers:a) The temperature will start to drop from tomorrow.b) By Wednesday, the lowest temperature is expected to be 5 degrees Celsius.c) There will be scattered showers throughout the week, but the sun will also appear.Explanation:•The weather reporter mentions that the temperature will decrease starting from the next day.•The coldest day, which is expected to be on Wednesday, will have a minimum temperature of 5 degrees Celsius.•It is forecasted that there will be intermittent rain during the week, but there will also be some sunny intervals. Hence, the listeners areadvised to bring umbrellas and dress warmly.These listening exercises are designed to test students’ ability to understand spoken English in a conversational context and to extract specific details from a weather report.5、Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer.A)The teacher is asking the students to clean the classroom.B)The students are discussing their weekend plans.C)The teacher is explaining the homework for the week.Answer: BExplanation: The conversation indicates that the students are talking about what they did over the weekend, suggesting that option B is the correct answer.6、Listen to the dialogue and fill in the blank with the correct word.Tom: “How was your day at school, Sarah?”Sarah: “It was quite interesting. We had a science experiment in class. The teacher asked us to_______the reaction.”A)observeB)ignoreC)explainAnswer: AExplanation: The context of the conversation suggests that Sarah is describing a scientific activity where they were expected to watch and record the results of an experiment, making “observe” the correct choice.7、What is Sarah doing?A. She is reading a book.B. She is watching TV.C. She is playing with her toys.Answer: B. She is watching TV.Explanation: In the dialogue, Sarah’s mother asks her to turn off the TV because it’s time for dinner. This indicates that Sarah was watching TV before her mother spoke.8、Where did Tom go for his holiday?A. He went to the beach.B. He visited his grandparents.C. He went camping in the mountains.Answer: C. He went camping in the mountains.Explanation: The conversation mentions that Tom shared stories about hiking and seeing wildlife during his holiday. This suggests that he had gone camping in the mountains rather than to the beach or visiting family.9.You will hear a short conversation between two friends. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the question.What are the friends mainly discussing?A. Their favorite sports.B. The weather forecast.C. Their school schedule.Answer: BExplanation: In the conversation, the friends are talking about the weatherforecast for the upcoming weekend. This indicates that the main topic of their discussion is the weather forecast. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.10.Listen to the following passage and answer the question.The passage is about the importance of reading books. It mentions that reading books can help us improve our vocabulary, understand different cultures, and gain knowledge.Which of the following benefits of reading books is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Improve vocabulary.B. Understand different cultures.C. Learn to cook new recipes.Answer: CExplanation: The passage specifically mentions the benefits of improving vocabulary and understanding different cultures. However, it does not mention learning to cook new recipes as one of the benefits of reading books. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.11.You are listening to a conversation between two students, Alice and Bob. They are discussing their weekend plans.Question: What are Alice and Bob planning to do this weekend?A. Go to the movies.B. Go to a park.C. Go shopping.D. Visit their grandparents.Answer: BExplanation: In the conversation, Alice says, “I think we should go to the park this weekend.” This indicates that they are planning to go to a park.12.Listen to a short dialogue between a teacher and a student about a school project.Question: What does the teacher advise the student to do?A. Finish the project by next week.B. Ask for help from a classmate.C. Submit the project without corrections.D. Work on the project alone.Answer: BE xplanation: The teacher says, “I think it would be a good idea to ask your classmate for help with this project.” This suggests that the teacher advises the student to seek help from a classmate.二、选择题（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.A. beautifulB. beautifullyC. beautyThe garden is_______in the spring.A. beautifulB. beautifullyC. beautyAnswer: AExplanation: The sentence needs an adjective to describe the garden, so “beautiful” is the correct choice.2、Select the word that best completes the sentence.The teacher asked us to write a story about a__________trip to the mountain.A. excitingB. exciteC. excitesAnswer: AExplanation: The sentence requires an adjective to describe the trip. “Exciting” is the correct choice as it is an adjective that describes something that is thrilling or enjoyable. “Excite” and “excites” are verbs and would not fitin this context.3、Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.Tom is a very_______boy. He always helps others.A. hardworkingB. lazyC. cleverAnswer: AExplanation: The sentence talks about Tom’s character. The word “hardworking” means that Tom works very hard, which is a positive trait. The other options, “lazy” and “clever,” do not fit the context of the sentence.4、Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.The cat is sitting on the _______.A. tableB. bedC. floorAnswer: CExplanation: The sentence is asking for the location where the cat is sitting. “Floor” is the correct answer because it is a common place where cats sit. “Table” and “bed” are also places where cats can sit, but they are less common compared to the floor.5.Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.The cat likes to sleep in the sun, but it often feels very________when it’s too hot.A. happyB. coolC. warmD. tiredAnswer: C. warmExplanation: The sentence describes the cat feeling uncomfortable in the heat,so the correct word to de scribe this feeling is “warm.”6.Read the sentence and choose the correct question word to complete it. The teacher asked us________we had finished our homework.A. ifB. whatC. whereD. whenAnswer: A. ifExplanation: The question word “if” is used to ask whether or not something is true, in this case, whether the students have finished their homework.7、Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.My mother always reads me a_story before I go to sleep.A. interestingB. interestinglyC. interestedD. interestingnessAnswer: AExplanation: The correct answer is “interesting” because it is an adjective that describes the nature of the story. “Interesting” means that the story is likely to engage the reader. The other options are not appropriate as adjectives to describe a story.8、Complete the sentence with the correct form of the given verb inparentheses.She (be) happy because she (win) a prize in the contest.A. is, wonB. was, winsC. is, winsD. was, wonAnswer: AExplanation: The correct answer is “is” for the first blank because the sentence is talking about the present time. For the second blank, “won” is the correct past tense form of the verb “win.” Therefore, the correct sentence is “She is happy because she won a prize in the contest.”9.Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.The cat is___________than the dog.A. tallerB. heavierC. fasterAnswer: B. heavierExplanation: The sentence is comparing two things, the cat and the dog. Since the question is about physical attributes, “heavier” is the correct choice as it compares the weight of the cat to that of the dog. “Taller” would compare height, and “faster” would compare speed, which a re not the attributes being compared in this sentence.10.Select the word that best fits the blank in the following sentence.The teacher asked the students to___________their books before leaving the classroom.A. closeB. openC. readAnswer: A. closeExplanation: The context of the sentence suggests that the teacher is instructing the students to put away their books properly. “Close” is the correct verb to use here as it means to shut or close something, in this case, the books. “Open” would be the opposite action, and “read” is not applicable to the action of leaving the classroom.11.Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.The cat was sitting on the_and looking out of the window.A. bedB. chairC. floorD. tableAnswer: BExplanation: The correct answer is “chair” because it is the most logical place for a cat to sit and look out of the window.12.Choose the correct past tense form of the verb.The girl______(read) a book before dinner.A. readsB. readingC. readD. had readAnswer: CExpl anation: The correct answer is “read” in the past tense because the sentence is talking about an action that happened before dinner, which is in the past.三、完型填空（10分）Section 3: Reading Comprehension (Cloze Test)Read the following passage and choose the best word to fill in each blank. There is one extra word which does not fit in the passage.The sun was setting over the [1] village as the children [2] home from school. It was a beautiful evening, with a [3] sky and the leaves of the trees [4] in the gentle breeze. The children were excited because they were going to havea picnic with their families at the [5] park.1.A) peaceful B) busy C) large D) small E) colorful2.A) came B) went C) went back D) returned E) moved3.A) dark B) bright C) cloudy D) clear E) stormy4.A) shining B) bending C) shaking D) falling E) drying5.A) nearest B) local C) public D) secret E) favoriteAnswers:1.A) peaceful2.C) went back3.D) clear4.B) bending5.C) public四、阅读理解（26分）Reading ComprehensionRead the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The Great Wall of China is one of the most famous landmarks in the world. It was built over a period of more than two thousand years and stretches over 13,000 miles. The wall was originally built to protect the Chinese empire from invasions. It was also used to control trade and communication between different regions. The Great Wall is made of large stones and bricks, and it has watchtowers, battlements, and gates.The wall was constructed by thousands of workers, including soldiers, farmers, and artisans. Many of the workers were forced to work on the wall under harsh conditions. Some of the workers even died during the construction. However, the wall has become a symbol of Chinese strength and perseverance.Today, the Great Wall is a popular tourist destination. Millions of peoplevisit it every year to see its magnificent structure and learn about its history.Questions:1.What was the main purpose of building the Great Wall?A) To attract touristsB) To protect the Chinese empire from invasionsC) To promote trade and communicationD) To improve the Chinese economy2.What materials were used to build the Great Wall?A) Wood and ropeB) Stones and bricksC) Metal and woodD) Concrete and steel3.Who were the main workers involved in building the Great Wall?A) Architects and engineersB) Soldiers and farmersC) Artists and musiciansD) Teachers and studentsAnswer Key:1.B) To protect the Chinese empire from invasions2.B) Stones and bricks3.B) Soldiers and farmers五、写作题（16分）题目：Write a short story about a day in the life of a young student named Tom. Describe how Tom wakes up, prepares for school, experiences a fun class, and then returns home. Be sure to include details about his feelings and interactions with his family and friends.写作示例：Tom’s Day at SchoolEvery morning, Tom wakes up to the sound of his alarm clock. He opens his eyes and stretches, feeling the cool breeze through his window. Today is a special day because it’s the first d ay of the school term.Tom jumps out of bed and rushes to the bathroom to brush his teeth and wash his face. He then gets dressed in his school uniform and has breakfast with his family. His mom makes him a nutritious breakfast of scrambled eggs and toast.After eating, Tom packs his backpack with his books and homework. He says goodbye to his family and walks to school. The school building is a beautiful, old building with tall windows and a red door.Tom enters his classroom and greets his teacher, Miss Wang. She is smiling and ready to start the day. The first class is math, and Tom loves math. He pays attention and solves problems with ease. He feels proud of himself for understanding the new concepts.Lunchtime arrives, and Tom goes to the school canteen with his friends. Theysit at a table and share a meal of chicken noodles. They laugh and talk about their weekend adventures. Tom feels happy to be with his friends.After lunch, Tom has a science class. The teacher, Mr. Li, brings in a live frog for th e students to observe. Tom is fascinated by the frog’s movements and learns a lot about its life cycle. He asks questions and takes notes.Finally, the school day comes to an end. Tom packs up his things and says goodbye to his teacher. He walks home, feeling tired but satisfied with his day. He arrives at his house and is greeted by his dog, Max. Tom pets Max and then goes inside to tell his family about his day.His mom asks him about his schoolwork, and he proudly shows her his math problems. His dad asks him about his science class, and Tom excitedly tells him about the frog. The family sits down together, and Tom feels loved and supported.解析：这个示例故事按照题目要求描述了Tom的一天。
DIN中英文对照
英文品名 Description in English adjusting rings,heavy range (shafting collars) adjusting rings,light range (shafting collars) wire rope clips T-slot screws studs-metal (end=2d) hexagon socket pipe plugs,conical thread hexagon socket screw plugs,cyl. thread hexagon head pipe plugs,conical thread hexagon head screw plugs,cyl.thread socket wrenches hexagon socket cap screws hexagon socket set screws with flat point hexagon socket set screws with cone point hexagon socket set screws with dog point hexagon socket set screws with cup point hexagon cap nuts slotted short cheese head screws slotted large cheese head screws slotted pan head screws with shoulder slotted shoulder screws square weld nuts hexagon weld nuts hexagon head screws hexagon head screws hexagon full nuts hexagon full nuts hexagon slotted and castle nuts hexagon thin nuts
印刷专业术语中英文对照
Banboo Spine 竹节脊Auto lock bottom/Bottom with auto lock 自动扣底Lock bottom扣底Cross grain 十字纹（指坑纸和面纸纹路）Web printing/Web press/Web-fed press 轮转印刷机Offset printing 平版印刷、胶版印刷、柯式印刷Grommet/Eyelet 鸡眼Limp bound串线胶装Section sewn/Smyth sewn/thread sewing 锁线Perfect binding/adhesive binding 无线胶装（磨脊）Notch binding 通气胶装Saddle stitching骑马钉Singer sewn 车中线Soft cover 平装Hardcover/casebound/hardbound/Edition binding /hard back 精装Velcro 魔术贴Flexible binding假精装Spiral binding 蛇仔装订Wire-o /YO binding 双线圈装订（YO外露）Conceal wire-o 隐藏YOSemi -conceal wire-o 半隐藏YOPlastic comb bind 蟹爪装订/胶梳装订/塑料环活页装订Library bound图书馆装订（一般指衬纸加白杨布，车侧线后上壳的装订）Board book binding 板仔书Calendar 日历Desk calendar台历Wall calendar 挂历Accordion folds/Z folds/Accordion/Concertina fold风琴折Zip lock bag 锁口袋/密实袋Grosgrain ribbon涤纶横纹丝带Polyester ribbon涤纶色丁丝带Rivet 铆钉、锅钉Anti-dust Workshop 无尘车间Pre-production sample（PPS）产前样Solid coated （印刷颜色）实地100%Pearl lusting printing珠光油墨Anti-forgery ink 防伪油墨Luminous ink发光油墨、夜光油墨Virgin board 原木浆Hot stamping 烫金银Shrink wrap 收缩Emboss击凸Deboss击凹Mounted on 对裱Laminating裱纸Glue粘、贴Flutes run parallel to 坑纹Portrait、Upright 直度、直式Landscape、Horizontal 横度Oblong横度书、长开本Envelope信封Divider/Index 索引页/烟的士Thumb index 指按式索引Mylar tab塑胶标签、塑胶索引Step indexing阶梯索引Tab标签/检索（咭）On-line press varnishing 联机印光油Polybag self-adhesive自粘胶袋Pre-press印前Double side-tap、2S adhesive tape 双面胶Opacity 不透明度Transparent 透明Over hang cover edges 飘口Right-angle fold 田字折Three-leaf panel folds荷包折Right -angle fold 垂直折Parallel fold平行折Flap 勒口H/T band 笃头布Hot melt glue热熔胶Silica gel防潮珠（硅胶）Rubbler magnet 磁胶Elastic 松紧带/橡皮筋Two-up binding 双联本装订Silk screen丝印Loose-leaf binding活页装订Corrugated 瓦楞坑板E -flute E坑（指见坑）Foam core board -KT板Foam(sponge) 海绵Ribbon丝带Ribbon marker书签Round back 圆脊Plastic 塑料Ring binder活页铁环装订Chinese traditional thread binding线装Soft cover/paper back平装Belly band 腰封Double wall carton 双坑箱（5层坑）Drill hole 钻孔Hot seal热封口（指胶袋或收缩袋热封口）Spreads过页、对页（一般指板仔书过页）String 绳子（一般指细细的绳子）Spacer隔纸（一般指板仔书夹心层）Wafer seal 透明贴纸Flap翼仔Flat平的Gate fold拉页Inset插页Insert插入Magnet磁铁Slip case书套盒、书盒Jacket、dust jacket 护封、封套Thickness厚度Square back方脊Triple wall carton三层纸箱Double wall carton 双坑纸箱Display box展示盒Over print 加印（在原有的基础上加量印刷）Knockout 套印Punch shape冲型状Pallet卡板（分欧式和美式）Self cover自封Self ends 自衬Spine书脊Cover 封面End 衬纸Text/内文Fly page 扉页Out size 外尺寸Inner size内尺寸Thickness 厚度Finished size 成品尺寸Unprint page空白页Margin 翻刀位（即产品与产品之间的间隔）Poster海报Pocket书袋Running sheet 印张Make ready sheet 校版纸Make up 拼版Cyan 青、Magenta品红、Yellow 黄、Black黑4 press colour 印刷四原色Smoothness 平滑度Schedule 日程表、行程Corner 角Hook 挂钩Zipper 拉链Velvet 绒、丝绒Mould 模具Maximum(Max) 最大Minimum(Min) 最小Mass production大货生产Net weight 净重Gross weight 毛重CBM 体积Corner protect 护角Offset proof 传统稿Digital proof 数码稿Blue draft 蓝纸Ozalid蓝纸Color proof 色稿Multi joints gluing驳盒Bulk 散货Container 货柜、集装箱Dummy白样Book block 毛书Set off 过底、背面粘脏Bead珠子Bow/Bow knot蝴蝶结Pop-up book立体书、跳弹书Raw material原材料Ream令（500张大纸）Metal金属Joint书脊槽（火线位）Blocking 烫金、烫银、模压Gold blocking、Gold stamping、foil stamping烫金Silver blocking、Silver stamping烫银Die cut啤Kiss cut啤半穿（一般用在啤不干胶）Score line压线Trim、cutting 裁切Die -cut mould啤板Die-cutter啤机Roll卷Whiteness白度Section、Signature帖、手、组数Stiffener 隔板（一般指纸箱中隔开产品的坑板）Three-knife trimmer三面刀Block书芯Case making做皮壳Casing in 上皮壳Case(PLC)硬皮壳Clamshell blister泡壳（像贝壳一样可以对扣起来的胶盒）Confirmed samples确认签版Album相簿EXW（Ex works)出厂价FOB（free on board)离岸价CIF（cost insurance freight) 到岸价（包含保险）FCL（full container load)柜货LCL（loose cargo load)散货Cutting 切纸Metal plate 铁片Mailing carton 邮寄盒Pop-ups book 立体书Barcode（常见有UPC、EAN、ISBN三种）条形码Raw material原材料Perforation 针孔（小）Drilling 打排孔（大的孔）Datum line not constant 针位不一致Blank page 白页C2S、Art paper双铜、双粉Matt art paper 哑粉C1S单铜Woodfree paper/offset paper 双胶纸Colour woodfree 色书纸Chip board/grey board 双灰Soft PVC 软胶PVCLenticular/Raster 光栅片Sticker 贴纸Removable sicker可移贴纸Permanent sticker不可移贴纸Bible paper 圣经纸CCWB（clay coated white back) 灰芯单粉、双面白CCNB（Clay coated news back)/duplex board 灰底白Leatherette Paper 充皮纸Tracing paper 牛油纸Acid-free paper 无酸纸MDF 中纤板Munken paper 蒙肯纸Holographic paper 全息纸（镭射纸）Wibalin 英国书皮纸SBS：食品级白咭，不含荧光剂Kraft、Vellum 牛皮纸CCKB(clay coated kraft back) 牛底白板纸板Bleached kraft 白牛皮纸Silk art paper 丝光铜版纸WFC 优光、雅光纸MWC 中涂纸LWC（light weight coated paper) 轻涂纸、充粉纸SC-超级压光纸Newsprint新闻纸CCWB（Clay coated white back)双面白、灰芯单粉咭Recycled paper 再生纸Invercote G瑞典一级白卡（单涂 15000元/T左右）Invercote Creato matt 瑞典一级白卡（双涂）Conqueror paper 刚古纸Tissue paper 拷贝纸、雪梨纸Gold /Silver foil paper金银卡Bonded leather再生皮Flock paper纸底绒布Thermo discolor PU leather热压变色PU皮Fragrance Blotter闻香纸Gloss Varnishing:光油Matt Varnishing:哑油Press varnishing/Machine varnishing:印油Aqueous coating/Water Based Varnishing:水油Water Based Calendering:水性磨光油Calendering:磨光Blister-Varnishing:过吸塑油UV-Coating：过UV。
GB50206-2002《木结构工程施工质量验收规范》
木结构工程施工质量验收规范Code for construction quality acceptance of timber structures1 总则1.0.1 为了加强建筑工程质量管理，统一木结构工程施工质量的验收，保证工程质量，制定本规范。
1.0.2 本规范适用于木结构工程施工质量的验收。
1.0.3 木结构工程施工中的工程技术文件，承包合同文件对施工质量验收的要求不得低于本规范的规定。
1.0.4 本规定应与国家标准《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》GB50300-2001配套使用。
1.0.5 木结构工程施工质量验收，除应执行本规范外，尚应符合国家现行有关标准的规定。
2 术语2.0.1 方木和原木结构sawn and round timber structures方木（含板材）或原木组成的结构。
2.0.2 齿连接step joints方木和原木桁架木压杆抵承在弦杆齿槽上传力的节点连接。
2.0.3 胶合木结构structural glued-laminated timber层板胶合木组成的结构。
2.0.4 层板胶合木glued-laminated timber(Glulam)将木纹平行于长度方向且厚度不大于45mm的木板层叠胶合的木制品。
2.0.5 指形接头Finger joints将两块木板端头用铣刀切削成能相互啮合的指形序列，涂胶加压接长成为层(lamination)。
2.0.6 规格材dimension lumber宽度和高度按规定尺寸加工的木材。
2.0.7 轻型木结构wood-frame construction将木基结构板材与间距不大于600mm侧立的规格材用钉连接成墙体、楼盖和屋盖，并组成框架式结构，用于1～3层房屋。
2.0.8 墙骨studs轻型木结构墙体框架的主要受压构件，采用宽度为40mm，高度为90～1040mm的规格材。
2.0.9 搁栅joists轻型木结构楼盖或屋盖的侧立受弯构件，采用高度等于或大于115mm的规格材。
2021年冀教版英语七年级下册Lesson 14
3 Read the descriptions and write the words.The first letter is given.
1. It comes from a tree.People use it to build things.w o o d 2. To press words or pictures onto paper or other things with ink.p r i n t 3.A school project.Students make and build things in this class. s h o p
一、根据首字母及汉语提示写出单词。
1. We try to find a suitable housing policy for the low and the m_i_d_d_l_e_income families.
2. Jackie is in the sixth g_r_a_d_e__ (年级). 3. I’m waiting for a letter to p_r_i_n_t_ (印刷). 4. He sat on the grass, playing his gu_i_t_a_r_. 5. I bought a wooden salad bowl at the
1.Review the key words and phrases in this lesson. 2. Finish the exercises in students' book. 3.Write a short text to tell your school life. 4. Preview Lesson 15.
local craft _f_a_ir__ (展销会).
五金机械行业分类和专业英语词汇
机械类常用英语词汇大全一字螺丝批slot type screwdriver一点透视one-point perspective二画二合一黏合剂epoxy resin adhesive二合胶；混合胶epoxy glue二维的；平面的two-dimensional二进制binary二极管；整流子diode二号螺丝攻second tap二路开关two-way switch十进制的；公制的metric人工制品artefact人造板man-made board人体工程学ergonomics。
human engineering 人体尺寸human dimension人体测量学anthropometry。
anthropometrics 刀片blade刀身blade刀具tool刀具溜座carriage刀柱tool post刀架tool rest刀架底座tool rest bracket刀座帷；床鞍apron刀座鞍；溜板座saddle力force力三角形triangle of force力平行四边形parallelogram of force力多边形；多边形力学polygon of force力的分解force resolution力架；亮漆lacquer力矩moment力偶couple力矩定律law of moment力-距离图表force-distance graph力图force diagram力线line of force力点effort十字榫cross halving joint十字螺丝Philip's head screw十字螺丝批Philip's type screwdriver丁字尺；T 尺tee square三画三爪夹头three-jaw chuck三角尺set square三角形结构系杆triangulation tie三角锉triangular file三维的；立体的three-dimensional三氯甲烷；哥罗芳chloroform三聚氰胺；蜜胺melamine三点透视three-point perspective上油漆painting上釉enamelling凡立水varnish叉形顶尖fork centre口罩mask士力；虫漆shellac士巴拿；扳手spanner大芯夹板；宽条芯夹板blockboard。
木结构工程施工质量验收规范
木结构工程施工质量验收规范Code for construction quality acceptance of timber structures1 总则1.0.1 为了加强建筑工程质量管理，统一木结构工程施工质量的验收，保证工程质量，制定本规范。
1.0.2 本规范适用于木结构工程施工质量的验收。
1.0.3 木结构工程施工中的工程技术文件，承包合同文件对施工质量验收的要求不得低于本规范的规定。
1.0.4 本规定应及国家标准《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》GB50300-2001配套使用。
1.0.5 木结构工程施工质量验收，除应执行本规范外，尚应符合国家现行有关标准的规定。
2 术语2.0.1 方木和原木结构 sawn and round timber structures方木（含板材）或原木组成的结构。
2.0.2 齿连接 step joints方木和原木桁架木压杆抵承在弦杆齿槽上传力的节点连接。
2.0.3 胶合木结构 structural glued-laminated timber层板胶合木组成的结构。
2.0.4 层板胶合木 glued-laminated timber(Glulam)将木纹平行于长度方向且厚度不大于45mm的木板层叠胶合的木制品。
2.0.5 指形接头 Finger joints将两块木板端头用铣刀切削成能相互啮合的指形序列，涂胶加压接长成为层(lamination)。
2.0.6 规格材 dimension lumber宽度和高度按规定尺寸加工的木材。
2.0.7 轻型木结构 wood-frame construction将木基结构板材及间距不大于600mm侧立的规格材用钉连接成墙体、楼盖和屋盖，并组成框架式结构，用于1～3层房屋。
2.0.8 墙骨 studs轻型木结构墙体框架的主要受压构件，采用宽度为40mm，高度为90～1040mm的规格材。
2.0.9 搁栅 joists轻型木结构楼盖或屋盖的侧立受弯构件，采用高度等于或大于115mm的规格材。
植物学名词中英对照
sinus stipule tendril tooth vein veinlet prostrate pterocaulous pulvinate pulviniform quadrangular quadrangulate ramiform ramose ramous ramulose reclining recumbent repent rhizomatous rosulate rush-like sarcocaulous sarcous sarmentose scandent scapiform simple soboliferous sprawling spreading stoloniferous stoloniform strict subscapose subterranean subterraneous succulent suffrutescent suffruticose costate net-veined parallel-veined pinnipalmate reticulate ribbed trinerved triplinerved
caespitose; cespitose
caulescent cauliflorous cauline cespitose clambering climbing creeping
decumbent
deliquescent
二歧的 极叉开的 分叉的 不分枝的 直立的 扁化的 束状的 帚状的 肉质的 近灌木状的 灌木状的 小灌木状的 草本的 具关节的 具长枝的 多头的 具节的 裸茎的 直枝的 直生的 粗枝的 多头的 平卧的 角质层 上胚轴 表皮 心材 下胚轴 节间 节、关节 叶痕 皮孔 分生组织 节 韧皮部 髓 皮刺 边材 中柱 树干 小枝，幼枝，嫩枝 鳞茎 珠芽 珠芽 小鳞茎 茎基 幼茎 茎
(完整word版)人教版高中英语单词表(超强完整版)
(完整word版)人教版高中英语单词表(超强完整版)必修1Unit 1△survey n。
调查;测验add up合计upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt。
（upset, upset）使不安；使心烦ignore vt.不理睬；忽视calm vt。
＆vi。
（使)平静；（使)镇定adj。
平静的；镇静的；沉着的calm(…)down (使）平静下来；（使)镇定下来have got to不得不;必须concern vt. (使)担忧；涉及；关系到n。
担心；关注；(利害）关系be concerned about关心;挂念walk the dog 遛狗loose adj.松的；松开的△vet n.兽医go through经历;经受△Amsterdam n.阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都）Netherlands n。
荷兰（西欧国家）△Jewish 犹太人的；犹太族的German adj.德国的；德国人的;德语的n．德国人;德语△Nazi n.纳粹党人adj.纳粹党的set down记下；放下；登记series n。
连续；系列a series of一连串的;一系列;一套△Kitty n.基蒂（女名)outdoors adv。
在户外；在野外△spellbind vt。
(spellbound， spellbound）迷住；迷惑on purpose 故意in order to为了……dusk n.黄昏；傍晚at dusk在黄昏时刻thunder vi.打雷；雷鸣n．雷；雷声entire adj.整个的；完全的;全部的entirely adv. 完全地；全然地;整个地power n.能力;力量；权力face to face面对面地curtain n.窗帘;门帘；幕布dusty adj.积满灰尘的no longer/not…any longer不再……partner n.伙伴；合作者；合伙人settle vi.安家；定居；停留vt。
沙发专业英语术语
沙发专业英语术语A strip of fabric gathered as a curtain, or pleated, and applied to the base of upholstered furniture, a feature popular in Early American styling.FOAM : Material used for cushioning or to pad upholstered furniture. "Foam" is short for polyurethane foam in general use today. Is used as seat cushions or in thinner sheets for arm, side and back padding.FORTREL : Trade name for a polyester fiber (See polyester). FRAME Basic structure or skeleton of an upholstered sofa or chair. Kiln-dried hard wood is best for durability in wooden frames.FRENCH SEAM: (See inverted)FRONT RAIL: The wood frame part lowest to the floor , and at the front of piece.GLIDES : Buttons of plastic or metal applied to bottom of legs to make furniture easier to move around.GLUE BLOCKS : Triangular pieces of wood used to rein- force joints. Glued in place after being applied to frame. HAND (OR HANDLE) :Term used to describe the feel of a fabric such as soft, rough, or smooth.HANDLE-OPERATED RECLINER :Reclining movement of chair is con- trolled by a handle accessible to the per- son sitting in the chair rather than by body movement.HARD EDGE : (See tailored edge)HELICALS :Small, tightly coiled springs used to add extra comfort. Used, for example, to attach flat spring on all sides of material and frame for sleep/sofa.HERCULON: Trade name for an olefin fiber. (See olefin).HIDDEN CASTERS : Recessed casters used to totally concealthe use of caster .INVERTED SEAM: Seam joining underside of fabric with no welt. (Also called French seam).JACQUARD (FABRIC): A method of producing elaborately patterned weaves on a mechanical Jacquard loom on which the roller gives design instructions instead of musical notes.KICK PLEAT : Tailored pleated skirt on the bottom of upholstered pieces. (See skirt).KNOCK DOWN (OR K-D) :Unassembled or self-assembled furniture which you buy that way and put together yourself at home.KODEL: Trade name for a polyester fiber (See polyester).LAWSON: A furniture style in which arms are lower than the back. (See tuxedo).LEFT –FACING: The left-hand side of a piece of furniture when looking at same from the front. (See right-facing). LOOSE PILLOW CONSTRUCTION: A style of sofa or chair which features separate detachable pillows for back support.MATCH (ING): Positioning of a pattern, stripe or plaid. so that it flows continuously down the back across the seat and down the front of a sofa or chair. Not all fabrics may be matched. (Also see center match). MATELASSE (FABRIC): Tightly woven flat fabric with a quilted puff effect.MODULAR (S): (See sectionals).MR. & MRS. CHAIRS: Two matching chairs of the same style - one larger for him, one smaller for her.NAIL-HEAD TRIM: Decorative head nails or a simulated nail- head strip used to accentuate a style, usually used on arms and rails.NAP: Raised fibers in a pile fabric such as velvet.NUBBY: Fabric with yarns of different thicknesses giving an irregular hand to fabric.NYLON: Generic name for an important man- made synthetic fiber. Among the most durable synthetic fibers used for OLEFIN : Man-made synthetic fiber, good proper- ties of strength, and resistance to abrasion, excellent cleanability.Trade names: Herculon, Vectra.ORLON: Trade name for an acrylic fiber. (See acrilan).OTTOMAN: Footstool or the footrest attached to a reclining chair.PADDING: (See filling).PEDESTAL BASE : Base placed under the center of a piece of furniture. Commonly used on recliners and swivel rockers.PILE WEA VE : Fabric with raised nap -velvet, corduroy, fake furs.POL YESTER: A man-made fiber. Trade names: Dacron, Fortrel, Kodel. Most like cotton in its appearance and physical properties.POL YSTYRENE: A man-made synthetic used to simulate wood. Often used to reproduce expensive wood trim.Can also be used to make frame parts or entire frames.POL YURETHANE :Man-made synthetic foam used for filling and for cushions. Rigid polyurethane can also reproduce wood trim or make entire frame.POP UP : A reclining chair in which the head rest pops up from inside the chair back when moved into a reclining position.PRINT :Any fabric on which a design is printed on the surface rather than woven in.PULL-OVER BACK: Furniture design in which back padding wraps around and over back rather than being squared off and trimmed with welting.QUILTING Process of taking two layers of flat fabrics with light padding in between and sewing them together with an over-all design. Fabrics used for quilting are often prints or plain satins.Two types of quilting are used: 1) Loom quilting which produces any overall design on a fabric; 2) Outline quilting in which each element of a design (a lily for example) is outlined.RAIL : Lowest part of the wood frame. There are front, back and side rails.RAYON : A man-made cellulose fiber. Trade names: Jetspun and Colorspun. Dyes well with high luster. Works well in dense pile or closely woven fabrics. Usually used in a blend with other fibers.RECLINER: Chairs which do just what the name implies -they recline. All have built-in ottomans or footrests; two-way rockers have two positions (upright and one reclining position); three- way rockers have three positions (upright and two reclining positions).REVERSIBLE CUSHIONS: Seat cushions which may be turned upside down or reversed for durability. Vinyl cushions, however, cannot be reversed because a bottom fabric panel is needed for ventilation.RIGHT -FACING :The right-hand side of a piece of furniture when looking at same from the front. (See left-facing). ROCKER :Any chair which tips back and forth in place. Traditional rockers have arched supports on the legs.Platform rockers move on springs on stationary bases. There are also swivel rockers and rocker reclinersavailable.SADDLE ARM : An arm style which looks exactly as if you hadplaced a saddle on the arm. It dips down and wraps over the arm.SADDLE STITCHED :A decorative form of sewing the cover. Used more for ornamentation. It is not required for a good seam closure.SCALLOP : An ornamental border on a skirt of small half circles.SCOTCHGARD : (See stain-resistant finish)SELF-COVERED SEAT DECK : The area above the seat springs on which loose seat cushions rest is the seat deck.When covered in the same material as the exterior of the piece, it is called "self- covered." Thus if cushions move apart, you see the same upholstery fabric underneath rather than the customarily used beige denim fabric扶手:arm 扶板:wing 层板:plywood 填料:padding 转角:wedge, 底座:arm panel 后挡板:tailgate 扶手垫:armcap, 头枕:headrest 坐垫:cushion 拉练:zipper 搁脚ttoman 茶几:end table 摇椅:recliner塑料膜：plastic film／bubble film 海绵：foam 泡沫板：ＥＰＳblock2纸板：corrugate 后下outside back扶手内侧inside arm 面板front arm panel 扶手外侧outside arm 扶手前front arm 扶手后侧the rear arm. 扶手top arm / arm 接缝seam 靠背正面inside back 缝针、针脚stitch靠背后面outside back 双针two-needle stitch靠背back rest 双针机double needle machine屏耳the wing on both sides of the back 回针returned-stitch 防护绵: poly (top back rail) (STAPLED) 缝止the width of the seam喷胶棉（树脂棉）Glued Fiber / Rolled Fiber 针距stitch size spacing松棉）Loosed Fiber 刀眼notch 编织带Webbing 针眼stitchmark封口胶Tape for sealing the carton 浮线float stitch 抓钉T-Nuts 线头Odd pieces of thread 枪钉staple 露线exposed stitches 垫圈ring / bezel/washer 贴边/嵌条Welt三人沙发Sofa 效影（阴阳色）two-tone effect 搁脚30, Ottoman瑕疵flaw 转椅swivel chair 色差off shade 头层皮top grain结点knot 二层皮split 深色纱线斑点mottled yarns 仿皮vinyl 橡皮膏stress tape (cloth tape) for C&S天鹅绒kin velvet 杀真菌剂fungicide 无纺布non-woven fabric/dustcover 里布denim 毡毯felt 中垫Center / Central cushion倒顺毛the direction of pile 上垫Upper layer cushionS簧/蛇簧no-sag spring 拉布/拉条Puller 塔簧long coil spring 防霉：mildew-proof 蜡变革wax finish, wax effect 靠垫：back pillow油变革oily pull-up leather [抛枕：throw pillow 磨砂革buffed leather, nubuck, sanded 夹板ply wood 雌雄扣Velcro 缝制工艺图Sewing diagram 家具固定带, 无弹性Puckering 纸板Paper pattern 松紧带Elastic 样套Sample C&S T隔布partition (PCS.) 钉饰nail trim 五金压条metal tacking strip 弯度curve board 海棉--密度-density 弹性-hysteresis loss 支撑系数-support factor 阻燃测试-Flammability test 2KG黄芯-yellow core(一)沙发外观及感官要求:1 徒手揿压座面和背面应无异常的(exceptional)金属摩擦(friction)和撞击(impact)响声(noise,sound)。
建筑专业英语词汇（O-Q）_建筑英语词汇
o ring 圆形截面环oak 栎树oakum 麻絮obelisk 方尖碑object 对象object of construction production 工程项目oblique butt joint 斜对接oblique projection 斜投影oblique scarf 斜接榫oblique section 斜截面obscured glass 毛面玻璃observation 观测observation light 碍航物灯标observation of the work 操奏视observation point 观测点observational data 观测资料occupancy 居住occupancy load 收容能力;居住载荷occupancy rate 居住率occupant space requirements 居住空间标准occupants 居住者occupied zone 实占地域ocher 袅ochre 袅ocrate process 四氟化硅处理ocrated concrete 四氟化硅混凝土oder suppression 臭气排除odor 臭气odor control 四氟化硅处理odorimeter 气味计odour 臭气off center load 偏心荷重off formwork concreting 无模壳灌筑混凝土off grade size 不合格粒径off ground hauler 越野土运机off loading ramp 卸载斜坡道off peak electric heating 非峰期电供热off peak load 非峰值负载off peak period 非高峰时间off set joints 错缝off shore boring 海底钻探off shuttering concreting 无模壳灌筑混凝土off the site work 现场外工作office 机关office building 办公楼office furniture 办公室设备offset 突层offset bend 迂回管弯头offset yield strength 条件屈服强度offshore boring island 钻井平台offshore structures 海上结构物offstream storage 停运贮藏池ogee s形曲线ogee arch 葱形拱ogee curve s形曲线ohio cofferdam 俄亥俄围堰oil 油oil bath air filter 油浴空气过滤器oil buffer 液压缓冲器oil fired heater 烧油空气加热器oil fired heating system 烧油供热系统oil paint 油漆oil pipeline 油管oil stain 油蚀oil trap 集油器oil washed air cleaner 油浴空气过滤器oil well cement 油井水泥omnia concrete floor 咬封混凝土楼板omnia concrete plank 咬封混凝土板on job laboratory 工地实验室on off valve 双位阀on site connection 就地连接once through water supply system 单柳水系统ondol 炕one brick wall 单砖墙one centered arch 单心拱one coat work 单层粉刷one component material 单一性材料one degree system 单自由度系统one family dwelling 单户住宅one hand block 小型砌块one hand tile 小型砌块one hinged arch 单铰拱one off design 专用设计one off houses 临时房屋one pass aeration tank 单道曝气池one pipe circulation 单管式循环one pipe heating system 单管供热系统one pipe loop system 单管环路系统one pipe system 单管系统one room dwelling 单间住宅one roomed flat 单间公寓one side welding 单面焊one sided connection 单面连接one span two hinged frame 单跨度双铰接框架one storey house 单层房屋one way slab 单向配筋板one way street 单行道one way system 单向配筋方式one way valve 单向阀onramp 斜坡弯道opal glass 乳色玻璃opaque ceramic glazed tile 不透谜瓷釉瓷砖open air intake works 无压取水结构open air plant 露天装置open air water power plant 开启式水力发电站open boarding 开缝铺板法open box section 敞开箱形构造截面open caisson 沉井open caisson foundation 沉井基础open cornice 敞檐open cut tunneling 泌隧道工程open deck car park 开敞式停车建筑物open distribution 开启分送open ditch drainage 排水玫open drain 排水玫open drainage 排水玫open eaves 敞檐open expansion tank heating system 自由膨胀水箱式供热系统open floor 露瞄栅楼板open frame girder 空腹桁架梁open hood 开口式通气罩open joint 渺open mortise 开口榫眼open newel stair 露眯柱旋梯open pan mixer 敞口盘式混合料open parking structure 开敞式停车建筑物open pier construction 空架式突堤结构open piping 外露管道open pit 露天开采坑open plan 开敞布置open return steam heating system 直接蒸汽供热系统open riser stair 露盲步楼梯open roof 露幂顶open section 开口断面open sheathing 版面疏松的衬板open sheeting 版面疏松的衬板open slating 疏铺石板open space 空地open stairway 露氓梯open steam heating system 直接蒸汽供热系统open storage area 露天堆场open storage ground 露天堆场open storm drainage 露藐水排水沟open tendering 公开招标open territory 空旷地区open timber floor 露木楼板open timbering 版面疏松的衬板open traverse 开路导线open type exhaust canopy 开式排气雨棚open valley 屋面天沟open vent 开式通风口open web 空腹open web girder 空腹大梁open web steel joist 空腹钢铁托梁open well 露幂井open well stair 露幂井楼梯open wharf 透空式码头open wiring 眠布线opening 孔opening bridge 开合桥opening light 开敞式窗洞opening of bids 开表openwork jetty 透空式码头opera house 歌剧院operable partition 开闭式间壁operable transom 开敞式气窗operable wall 开闭式间壁operating floor 操专operation 操作operation drawing 加工图operation schedule 椎程序operational range 操锥围operational waste 操耗operator 操妆optical sag 视光垂度optical square 光学直角器optimal design 优化设计optimization 最优化optimum city size 最佳城市大小optimum condition 最佳条件optimum design 最佳设计opus latericium 嵌砖混凝土墙opus quadratum 方石筑墙or equal specification 被承认等同的技术条件orbit 轨道orchard garden 果园order 柱型式样order of technical assignment 技术任务指令orderly construction territory 有次序的工程地区ordinary concrete 普通混凝土ordinary construction 一般构造ordinary dense concrete 普通密实的混凝土ordinary lime mortar 普通灰浆ordinary portland cement 普通硅盐水泥ordinary red brick 普通红砖ordinary reinforced concrete 普通钢筋混凝土ordinary structural concrete 普通结构混凝土ordinate 纵坐标ordnance bench mark 水准基点organic binder 有机粘结剂organic content 有机质含量organic impurity 有机不洁物organic silt 有机质淤泥organic test 有机物试验organic wastes 有机废水organism of production 生产组织organization 机构oriel 凸窗oriental type park 东方式公园orientation of building 房屋定位orifice meter 孔极量计orifice tube test 坍落度筒测定origin of force 着力点original cross sectional area 起始横截面面积original drawing 原图ornament 装饰ornamental architecture 盛饰建筑ornamental concrete 装饰混凝土ornamental concrete finishing 装饰混凝土修整ornamental forest 风景林ornamental glass 装饰玻璃ornamental motif 装饰肘ornamental panelling 装饰镶板ornamental part 装饰配件orthogonal anisotropic plate 正交蛤异性板orthogonal projection 正投影orthography 正投影orthotropic plate 正交蛤异性板orthotropic structures 正交蛤异性结构oscillating machinery 振动机械oscillating screen 振动筛oscillation 振动oscillation conveyor 振荡式输送机osmose 渗透ossature 骨胳out port 外港outbuilding 附属房屋outdoor air 外伸架临时顶撑outdoor air inlet 外部空气outdoor exposure test 野外曝露试验outdoor furniture 户外七outdoor installation 户外装置outdoor paint 室外用油漆outdoor power station 开启式水力发电站outdoor powerhouse 开启式水力发电站outdoor temperature 室外温度outer court 外院outer door 外门outer fiber 外部纤维outer forces 外力outer harbor 外港outer lining 外门窗框outer slope 外侧坡度outer string 楼梯外侧小梁outer support 外支座outer wall 外墙outfall 排水口outfit 装置outflow channel 泄水渠outhouse 屋外厕所outlay of production 生产经费outlet box 引出箱outlet opening 排出口outlet tunnel 排水隧道outline 轮廓outline drawing 轮廓图outline of house 房屋轮廓outline specification 一般技术规格outmost fiber 外部纤维output data 输出数据outrigger 外伸架outrigger base 悬臂板outrigger scaffold 排出脚手架outrigger shore 外伸架临时顶撑outside air 外部空气outside air opening 外部空气通道outside architrave 外门窗框outside casing 外门窗框outside coating 外部涂刷outside column 外部柱outside corner moulding 角条outside door 外门outside film coefficient 外表面传热系数outside finish 外饰面outside foundation line 外部地基线outside glazing 外部装配玻璃outside scaffolding 外部脚手架outside temperature 室外温度outside wall 外墙outside window 外部窗outstreet 郊区outwork 野外椎oval arch 椭圆形拱oven 炉ovendry wood 烘干木材over dwelling 居住区过密over mortared concrete mix 多灰浆混凝土混合料overall coefficient of heat transfer 总传热系数overall depth of section 截面总高度overall dimensions 综合尺寸overall height 总高度overall length 总长overall size 总尺寸overbridge 天桥overburden 复盖层overburden excavator 剥土电铲overburden pressure 积土压力overburden stripping 覆盖层剥除overcrossing 上跨交叉overcrowded city 挤集型城市overcrowding 拥挤过度overdesign 超裕度设计结构overdeveloped city 过度发展的城市overdevelopment 地下水池的枯燥overdosage 超量配料overfall gap 溢水口overflow dam 溢劣overflow pipe 溢淋overflow stand 溢淋overground part 地上部分overhand work 从内墙砌砖overhang 悬突体overhaul 大修overhead crane 高架起重机overhead crane girder 桥式吊车梁overhead distribution 架空配电overhead door 升降门overhead heating system 上分式供热系统overhead illumination 天花板照明overhead line 架空线路overhead pipeline 架空管道overhead water storage tank 高架蓄水箱overhead welding 仰焊overhead wire 架空线路overhead work 高空工作overhung door 悬挂式推拉门overlap 重迭overlapping construction schedule 综合施工进度表overlay paper 混凝土覆盖纸overload 过载overload limiter 超载限制器overload protection 过载保护overlying ground 上面覆盖overpass 上跨桥overpass for pedestrians 高架人行道overpressure protection 超压防护oversailing course 挑出砖层oversanded mix 多砂混合料oversite concrete 地基混凝土板层overslabbing 混凝土板铺路overstressing 超限应力overstretching 超限应力overturning moment 倾覆力矩overvibration 过度振动owner 甲方owner architect agreement 所有人和建筑师合同owner contractor agreement 所有人和承包人合同owner's inspector 甲方检查员oxidation capacity 氧化能力oxidation column 氧化塔oxidation lagoon 氧化池oxidation pond 氧化池oxide 氧化物oxidized linseed oil 氧化亚麻油oxyacetylene cutting torch 氧快切割机oxychloride cement 氯氧水泥oxygen 氧oxygen deficit 缺氧oxygenator 氧合器ozonation 臭氧处理ozonator 臭氧化发生器ozone 臭氧ozone treatment 臭氧处理ozonized air 缺氧ozonizing chamber 臭氧化窒pack 束package dealer 总承包者packaged air conditioner 小型空气第器packaged boiler 移动式锅炉packaged building program 综合建筑计划packaged concrete 包装混凝土packed heat insulation 填充式绝热packed joint 堵塞接缝packing 填满packless valve 无填料阀pad 承梁垫石padding 涂底漆paddle 小闸门paddle aerator 叶轮式曝气器paddle loader 桨叶式装载机paddle mixer 桨叶式搅拌机padlock 挂锁padstone 承梁垫石pagoda 塔pail 水桶paint 颜料paint base 油漆打底paint blaster 涂料喷雾器paint brush 漆刷paint gun 喷漆枪paint ingredient 涂料成分paint kettle 油漆锅paint peeling 涂漆层剥皮paint pot 油漆锅paint roller 漆滚筒paint spray gun 喷涂枪paint spraying 喷漆paint spraying machine 喷漆机painter's hand tools 漆工手工具painting 涂油漆painting work 涂装工作pair of doors 双门palace 宫殿palatial architecture 宫殿式建筑pale 桩palette knife 但刀paling 栏栅palisade 栏栅pallet 但板palletized load 架装荷载pan 铰链孔pan floor 盘式楼板pan humidifier 盘式加湿器pan mixer 盘状拌和机pane 窗玻璃pane of glass 门墙玻璃块panel 镶板panel air system 嵌入式空气系统panel built house 预制墙板式房屋panel construction 壁板式构造panel cooler 板式冷却器panel cooling 嵌入式降温panel door 镶板门panel heating 板壁供热panel lighting 格式照明panel load 节点载荷panel node 节点panel point 节点panel radiator 嵌入式散热器panel shuttering 镶板式模壳panel strip 嵌条panel type house 预制墙板式房屋panel wall 幕墙panel work 镶板工作panelled ceiling 格子平顶panelling 镶板pantile 波形瓦pantry 备餐间paper 纸paper backed lath 用纸鬃层的板条paper board 纸板paper filter 纸过滤器paper form 纸模papering 糊纸parabola 抛物线parabolic arch 抛物线拱parabolic curve 抛物曲线parabolic girder 抛物线梁parabolic shell 抛物线状薄壳paraffin 蜡parallel chord truss 平行弦桁架parallel flow heat exhanger 并两热交换器parallel lay rope 顺扭交绳parallel stair 平行楼梯parallel swivel bench vice 平行轮轴钳工台虎钳parallel wire unit 平行钢丝束parallelepiped 平行六面体parallelism 平行parallelogram 平行四边形parallelogram of forces 力平行四边形parameter 参数parapet 女儿墙parent matrix 原结合料pargeter 灰泥工paring chisel 消錾park 公园park architecture 公园建筑parker truss 帕克式桁架parking area 停车场parking lot 停车场parking place 停车场parking tower 塔式停车处parkway 林荫干道parlour 接待室parquet 拼花地板parquet block 镶木地板条块parquet floor 镶木地板part 零件part drawing 零件图part in bending 受弯部分part in compression 受压部分part in tension 受拉部分part swing shovel 部分旋转式电铲partial air conditioning 局部空调partial cover plate 部分盖板partial prestressing 部分的预应力partial safety factors 部分安全系数partially drowned weir 局部潜堰partially prestressed composite construction 部分预应力组合结构partially separate system 部份分僚水系统particle 粒子particle board 碎木板particle shape 颗粒形状particle size 粒子大小particle size analysis 粒度分析particle size distribution 粒径分布particle size distribution curve 粒度分布曲线parting agent 脱模隔离涂料partition 隔板partition beam 隔壁梁partition block 隔墙块partition board 隔墙板partition tile 隔壁用花砖partition wall of glass bricks 玻璃块间壁party wall 共用隔墙pass 通道passage 通道passageway 通道passenger elevator 乘客电梯passenger flow 旅客怜passenger lift 乘客电梯passive earth pressure 被动地压paste 软膏paste content 浆状物含量paste paint 厚漆paste volume 浆状物含量pat 试饼pat mortar 扁饼灰泥patand 地梁patching 补坑patching compound 修补混合料patching mix 修补混合料patent glazing 无油灰装玻璃paternoster 链斗式升降机path of seepage 渗哩路patio 庭院patten 柱基础patter 抹板pattern 模型pattern decoration 花样装饰patterned finish 花纹装修patterned paper 花纹纸patternmaker 制模工人paumelle 可折较链paved median 铺面中央分隔带paved shoulders 铺砌的路肩pavement 铺装pavement base 铺路基础pavement concrete 路面混凝土pavement design 路面设计pavement marking machine 路面标线机pavement overlay 路面罩面pavement saw 铺面锯机pavement slab 铺路板paver 混凝土搅拌摊铺机paver's hammer 铺砌工锤pavilion 展览馆分管凉亭pavilion roof 攒尖式屋顶paving asphalt 铺路沥青paving blocks 铺面块体paving brick 铺地砖paving flag 铺路石板paving slab 铺路板paving stone 铺路石paving train 联合铺路机pea gravel 豆粒砾石pea gravel grout 豆砾石薄浆pea grit 豆粒砾石pea shingle 豆粒砾石peak arch 尖拱peak demand 最大需要量peak discharge 最大量peak load 最大载荷peak stress 高最大应力pearl 珍珠pearlite 珍珠岩peasant market 农民市场peat 泥炭peat brick 泥炭砖peat soil 泥沼质土peaty soil 泥沼质土pebble 砾石pebble clarifier 砾石清净器pebble dash 小卵石涂抹pedestal 柱脚pedestal foot 大放脚pedestrian bridge 人行桥pedestrian guard rail 人行道栏杆pedestrian overcrossing 人行天桥pedestrian protection 行人保护装置pedestrian railing 人行桥栏杆pedestrian subway 人行隧道pedestrian traffic 行人交通pediment 人形墙peeling 剥皮peference mark 基准点peg 短桩pegging out 定界pell mell construction 抛筑pelleted mineral wool 颗粒状矿棉penalty 罚款penalty clause 违约罚金条款pencil 束pencil rod 细钢杆pendence 斜度pendentive dome 三角穹圆顶pendentives 穹隅pendulum 振子pendulum bearing 摇摆式支座pendulum saw 摆锯penetrability 透入性penetration 贯穿penetration probe 贯穿探针penetration test 贯入试验penetration treatment 浸透处理penning gate 直升式泄水闸门penstock 水压管pentagon 五角形penthouse 小棚屋penthouse apartment 屋顶公寓pentroof 单坡屋顶penumbra 半影percent compaction 压实百分数percent fines 细粒含量百分率percent of elongation 伸张度percent of void 孔隙率percentage by volume 体积百分率percentage by weight 重量百分比percentage reinforcement 配筋比率percolating water 渗透水percolation 渗漏percolation gauge 渗透计percussion drill hammer 冲魂锤percussion drilling 冲魂percussion penetration method 撞会入法perennial stream 常流perforated brick 有孔砖perforated casing well 滤管井perforated ceiling board 穿孔天花板perforated plate 凿孔板perforated wall 穿孔墙performance characteristic 工棕性performance test 性能试验perimeter 周边perimeter beam 圈梁perimeter grouting 周边管浆perimeter heating 周边供热perimeter wall 围墙perimeter zone 周边区域period 周期peripheral stress 圆周应力periphery 周围perlite 珍珠岩perlite concrete 珍珠岩混凝土perlite mortar 珍珠岩灰浆permafrost 永冻土带permanent construction 永久性结构permanent deflection 永久变位permanent deformation 残余变形permanent hardness 永久硬度permanent load 固定负载permanent moment 固定矩permanent position 固定位置permanent set 残余变形permanent shuttering 永久式模板permanent stream 常流permanent structure 永久性结构permeability 渗透性permeability apparatus 渗透装置permeability coefficient 渗透系数permeability of soil 土壤渗透性permeability reducing admixture 减渗外加剂permeable groyne 透水折劣permetallurigcal cement 炉渣水泥permissible deflection 允许挠度permissible load 容许荷载permissible stress 容许应力permissible stress method 容许应力法permissible velocity 容许速度permission 容许personnel job hoist 施工人员升降机perspective drawing 透视图pervibrator 插入式振捣器petroleum asphalt 石油沥青petroleum bitumen 石油沥青petroleum stove 石油火炉petroleum tar 石油焦油phantom drawing 透视图phase 相phenolic resin cement 酚醛尸水泥phenomena 现象photo elastic analysis 光弹性分析photo elastic test 光弹性试验photoelasticity 光弹性photograph 相片photometer 光度计photosynthesis 光合酌phreatic line 浸润线phreatic water 不承压地下水piano wire concrete 钢弦混凝土pick dressing 风镐修琢picket fence 尖桩篱栅picknometer 比重瓶piece 一块piedroit 墙壁平柱pier 桥墩pier cap 墩帽pier construction 支柱结构pier foundation 墩基础pier head power station 堤头水力发电站piezoelectric pick up 压电拾声器piezometer 压力计piezometer tube 测压管piezometric head 测压管水头piezometric level 测压管水位pig iron 生铁piggery 猪圈pigment 色素pigmented finish 着色装饰pilaster 附壁柱pilaster face 半露柱面部pilaster side 半露柱边pile 堆pile after driving 二次打桩pile and cribwork foundation 桩木格笼基础pile and fascine revetment 桩木排护岸pile band 桩箍pile bent 桩排架pile cluster 桩群pile dolphin 桩式系船柱pile drawer 拨桩机pile driver 打桩机pile driving 打桩pile driving by vibration 振动打桩pile driving equipment 打桩设备pile driving formula 打桩公式pile driving frame 打桩架pile driving hammer 桩锤pile driving plant 打桩装置pile driving pontoon 打桩船pile driving rig 打桩装置pile extension 接桩pile extractor 拨桩机pile ferrule 桩箍pile follower 打桩帽pile footing 桩基础pile foundation 桩基础pile framing 桩框架pile grillage 桩格排pile group 桩群pile hammer 桩锤pile head 桩头pile helmet 桩盔pile hoop 桩箍pile jacking 顶桩pile jetting 水冲沉桩pile load capacity 桩荷载容量pile pedestal 桩台座pile pier 桩式桥墩pile positioning 桩定位pile ring 桩箍pile row 桩列pile shoe 桩靴pile sinking 打桩pile splicing 接桩pile stockage 桩列pile tip 桩头pile toe 桩头pile top 桩头piled quay 横栈桥码头pilework 桩结构piling 排桩pillar 柱pillar crane 塔式起重机pilot channel 子槽pilot cut 子槽pilot flame 引燃火焰pilot lamp 指领示灯pilot trench 子槽pilot tunnel 导洞pimple 小突起pin 针pin connected construction 销连接结构pin connection 销连接pin ended column 栓端柱pin joint 销连接pinch bar 橇杆pine 松树pinholes 小孔pioneer road 施工便道pipe 管pipe anchor 管锚pipe bender 弯管器pipe bending machine 弯管器pipe box 绝热管套pipe bridge 输送管桥pipe casing 桩套管pipe clamp 管夹pipe coil 蛇形管pipe column 管柱pipe cooler 管式冷却器pipe cutter 割管机pipe cutting machine 截管机pipe erector 管安装工人pipe fitter 管安装工人pipe hanger 管吊架pipe in pipe 管套管热交换器pipe insulation 管绝缘pipe joint 管子接头pipe lagging 管绝缘pipe laying 装管工程pipe lifting tongs 管吊装夹具pipe losses 管道损失pipe rigging 管诉pipe run 管道pipe section 管道pipe shell 管外壳pipe thread sealing tape 管螺纹嵌缝带pipe tonge 管子钳pipe tracer 管保护用电加热带pipe transport of concrete 混凝土管输送pipe vice 管子虎钳pipe welding machine 焊管机pipelayer 管道安装工pipeline 导管pipeline construction 管道施工pipeline conveyance 管道运送pipeline heating and refrigerating 热冷供应管线pipeline refrigerating 冷供应管线pipeline transport 管道运输pipemaking machine 制管机pipeway 管沟pipework 配管piping 配管piping diagram 管系图pise 泥土建筑piston 活塞piston pump 活塞式泵pit 地坑pit gravel 坑砾石pitch 间距;斜角pitch pocket 松脂孔pitch streak 松脂孔pitched roof 斜屋顶pitched work 砌石护坡pitching stone 铺砌片石pivot 轴颈;旋转轴pivoted window 旋转窗place 位置placeability 可灌筑性placement of concrete 浇灌混凝土placing 铺设placing boom 灌筑吊杆placing of concrete 浇灌混凝土placing sequence 灌筑次序placing train 灌筑列车plain bars 普通钢筋plain cement 清水泥plain concrete 无筋混凝土plain concrete column 无筋混凝土柱plain concrete construction 素混凝土结构plain girder 实腹梁plan 设计图plan view 平面图plane 平面;刨子plane cross section 水平断面plane frame 平面桁架plane of bending 弯曲平面plane of failure 破坏面plane of projection 投影面plane of section 切面plane of shear 剪断面plane of symmetry 对称面plane of weakness 薄弱截面plane sections hypothesis 平断面假定plane stress analysis 平面应力分析plane surface 平表面planing bench 刨台plank 板材plank floor 木板床planned stage construction 按计划建设planning 规划planning of houses 住宅计划planning permission 建筑许可planning standard specification 设计标准技术规范plant 工厂plant and process ventilation 工厂工程换气plant mix 厂拌混合料plant mixed concrete 厂拌混凝土plant room 机械设备间planting 绿化plasma 等离子体plaster 烧石膏plaster base 抹灰底层plaster concrete 石膏混凝土plaster mixer 灰泥混合器plaster mortar 粉刷用灰浆plaster mould 石膏模型plaster of cement 水泥抹灰plaster of paris 烧石膏plaster panel 石膏纤维板plaster rendering 粉刷plaster skin coat 抹灰面层plaster throwing machine 喷投灰泥机plaster work 抹灰工事plasterboard 石膏纤维板plastered wall 抹灰的墙plasterer 粉刷工plasterer's float 抹灰工抹子plasterer's hair 抹灰用毛发plasterer's trowel 抹灰泥刀plastering machine 喷投灰泥机plastic aggregates 塑胶集料plastic behavior 塑性动态plastic binder 塑性粘合剂plastic clay 可塑粘土plastic concrete 塑性混凝土plastic consistency 可塑稠度plastic consistency of concrete 混凝土塑性稠度plastic cracking 塑性开裂plastic deformation 塑性变形plastic design 塑性论设计plastic equilibrium 塑性平衡plastic flow 塑性怜plastic furniture 塑料家具plastic hinge 塑胶铰链plastic limit 塑性极限plastic moment 塑性力矩plastic mortar 塑性灰浆plastic paint 塑料涂料plastic pipe 塑料管plastic plywood 塑料胶合板plastic range 塑性范围plastic road 塑料公路plastic shrinkage 塑性收缩plastic shrinkage cracking 塑性收缩开裂plastic soil 塑性土壤plastic state 塑性状态plastic strain 塑性变形plastic window lights 塑料玻璃plasticity 塑性plasticity index 塑性值plasticity modulus 塑性模量plasticized cement 塑化水泥plasticizer 增塑剂plasticizing 塑化plasticizing agent 增塑剂plasticizing mineral powder 可塑性矿物粉末plastics 塑料plastics coating 塑料涂膜plastics finish 塑料涂膜plastification 塑性化platband 横带plate 板plate bending 板体弯曲plate girder 板梁plate girder bridge 板梁桥plate glass 平板玻璃plate type regenerator 板型换热器plate vibrator 振动板plated construction 板结构platform 站台;台架platform frame construction 平台式框架结构platform hoist 吊盘绞车platform ladder 椎台梯子plating 镀金playground 比赛场playing field 游戏场plaza 广场plenum duct 送气通道plenum heating 热风采暖plenum system 送气通风系统plinth 壁脚板plinth wiring 壁脚板配线plough 扫雪机;沟刨plow 扫雪机plug 塞子plug cock 塞嘴plug hole 排泄孔plug in connection 插入式连接plug socket 插座plug tap 塞嘴plug valve 塞嘴plugging leaks 堵渗漏plum 毛石块plumb line 铅垂线plumber's dope 管工蒙布漆plumbing 卫生管道工程plumbing fitting 管道配件plumbing fixtures 卫生七plumbing unit 卫生装备组合plumbing work 卫生管道工程plunger pump 滑阀泵ply 层plywood 胶合板plywood concrete forms 夹板混凝土模板plywood for structural use 结构用胶合板pneumatic caisson 压气排水沉箱pneumatic concrete placer 气动混凝土灌注机pneumatic conveying 气动输送pneumatic conveying of concrete 混凝土气力输送pneumatic conveying system 气动输送设备pneumatic drill 空气钻pneumatic feed 风动给料pneumatic hoist 气力升降机pneumatic pile hammer 气压桩锤pneumatic structure 充气结构pneumatic test 气压试验pneumatic tool 气动工具pneumatically applied mortar 喷射灰浆pneumatically operated concrete placer 气动混凝土灌注机pneumatically operated discharge gate 气动卸货门pneumatically placed concrete 喷混凝土pocket filter 袋状滤器point 点point block 塔式高层住宅point load 集中荷载point of application 酌点point of contraflexure 拐点point of support 支点point of zero moment 零力矩点pointed arch 尖拱pointed pediment 三角形檐饰poisson's ratio 泊松比poker vibrator 插入式振捣器polar moment of inertia 极惯性矩polder 围垦地pole 塔杆pole shore 支柱polish 抛光polishing 抛光pollutant 污染物质pollutant effluents 污染废水pollution 污染pollution load 污染负荷polyclinic 综合门诊所polyester 聚脂polyethylene 聚乙烯polyethylene coated craft paper 聚乙烯涂敷牛皮纸polygon 多边形polygon of forces 力多边形polymer 聚合物polymer cement concrete 聚合物水泥混凝土polymer concrete 聚合物混凝土polymer impregnated concrete 聚合物浸渍混凝土polymer modified cement mortar 聚合改性水泥灰浆polymer modified glass fiber reinforced concrete 聚合改性玻璃纤维加强混凝土polymer mortar 聚合物灰浆polystyrene board 聚苯乙烯板polystyrene foam balls 泡沫聚苯乙烯团块polystyrene foam concrete 泡沫聚苯乙烯混凝土polystyrene sheet 聚苯乙烯片polythene sheeting 聚乙烯料护板polyvinyl 聚乙烯polyvinyl acetate concrete 聚醋酸乙烯脂混凝土pond 池pontoon bridge 舟桥pontoon crane 浮筒起重机pool fishway 水塘鱼道poor bearing stratum 低承载性地层poor concrete 贫混凝土poor quality concrete 劣质混凝土pop corn concrete 大孔状混凝土population density 人口密度population equivalent 人口当量porcelain 瓷器pore volume 孔隙容积pores 气孔porosity 多孔性porous aggregate 多孔集料porous brick 多孔砖porous concrete 多孔混凝土porous diffuser plate 多孔扩散板port 港口port construction 港口建设portable barrack 可移动的工棚portable derrick crane 轻便转臂起重机portable grinder 手提式砂轮机portable scaffold 可移动脚手架portable structure 移动式结构portable tank 移动式水箱portable welder 移动式焊接机portal 入口portal crane 门式起重机portal frame 龙门架portal framed building 门形杆框架建筑portal structures 门形结构portland blast furnace cement 矿渣硅酸盐水泥portland cement 波特兰水泥portland cement clinker 波特兰水泥熟料portland cement concrete 硅酸盐水泥混凝土portland masonry cement 圬工波特兰水泥portland pozzolan cement 火山灰硅酸盐水泥portland pozzolan concrete 火山灰硅酸盐水泥混凝土portland slag cement 矿渣硅酸盐水泥position 位置position head 位势水头positioning of beams 梁的定位positioning of tendons 钢筋束配置positive bending moment 正弯矩positive moment 正力矩positive reaction 正反力positive reinforcement 正钢筋post 接线柱post and beam construction 梁柱结构post and beam structure 梁柱结构post and panel structure 立柱镶板式结构post buckling strength 弯曲后强度post cracking strength 开裂后强度post footing 柱基脚post office 邮局post shore 支柱post stressed concrete 后张法预应力混凝土post tension unit 后张拉单元post tensioned construction 后张拉结构post tensioned steel 后张拉钢筋post tensioning 后张拉post tensioning field log 后张拉椎现场记录pot construction 壶形结构pot floor 壶形楼面pot sink 洗涤盆potable water supply 饮水供给potential 潜力potential head 位势水头pothole 窝穴pour point 零poured concrete 灌浇混凝土poured in place concrete 现场浇筑混凝土pouring in lifts 层段浇灌powder 粉末powdered asphalt 粉状地沥青power 力power bender 动力钢筋弯曲机power conduit 水压管power consumption 动力消耗power dam 发电站拦水坝power float 机动抹板power house 发电厂power operated bush hammer 动力操卒石锤power plant 电站power shovel 机械铲power supply source 动力供应源power trowel 动力抹刀pozzolan 火山灰pozzolan cement 火山灰水泥pozzolanic aggregate 火山灰质集料pozzolanic materials 火山灰质材料practice ground 试验用地prap 接线柱pratt truss 普腊桁架prc 预应力钢筋混凝土pre post tensioned concrete 先张后张混凝土pre post tensioning 先张后张拉preaerator 预曝气装置precast concrete 预制混凝土precast concrete building 预制混凝土建筑物precast concrete cladding panel 预制混凝土骨架填充板材护墙板precast concrete connection details 预制混凝土连接机构详图precast concrete construction 预制混凝土构造precast concrete house 预制混凝土房屋precast concrete industry 预制混凝土工业precast concrete panel 预制混凝土墙板precast construction 预制工程precast factory 预制混凝土厂房precast floor 装配式地板precast member 预制混凝土构件precast nailable concrete plank 预制可受钉的混凝土板precast panel construction 预制的护墙板建筑物precast pile 预制桩precast prestressed concrete unit 预制预应力混凝土单元precast reinforced concrete 预制钢筋混凝土precast reinforced concrete construction 装配式钢筋混凝土结构precast structural concrete 预制结构用混凝土precast unit 预制混凝土构件precasting 预制构件precasting machine 预制机precasting yard 预制工住precipitation 降雨precision 精密度precision air conditioning 精密空气第prefab form 预制模板prefabricated building 装配式房屋prefabricated costruction 预制装配式结构prefabricated form 预制装配式模壳prefabricated heat insulatio 预成形绝缘层prefabricated house 预制装配式房屋prefabricated housing 预制装配式住宅建筑prefabricated panel 预制墙板prefabricated prestressed concrete beam 装配式预制钢筋混凝土梁prefabricated reinforced concrete 预制钢筋混凝土prefabricated reinforced concrete pile 装配式钢筋混凝土桩prefabricated structural element 预制结构构件prefabricated unit 预制构件prefabricated window wall unit 预制窗口墙单元prefabrication 预制法prefiring 预热试验preformed insulation 预成形绝缘层preformed pile 预制桩preheat coil 预热器preheater 预热器preheating 预热preliminary clarification tank 初步澄清池preliminary cube test 立方体初步试验preliminary design 初步设计preliminary drawings 初步设计图preliminary specifications 预制的施工说明preliminary treatment 预先处理preload construction of tank 预加荷载贮槽工程premature failure 过早损坏premature stiffening 瞬间凝佶premixed 预先拌合的prepackaged concrete 预填集料混凝土prepacked aggregate concrete 预填集料混凝土prepacked concrete 预填集料混凝土preparation 准备preparatory construction 准备工程preplaced aggregate concrete 预填集料混凝土prescribed mix 给定混合preservation 保存press 压床pressed bend 压制弯管pressed concrete 压制混凝土pressed glass 压制玻璃pressed sheet steel 压制的钢板材。
新概念英语第二册Lesson92(共24页)
tone n. 语气，腔调
（1）语气，口气，腔调： The policeman answered in a sarcastic tone. 警察用讽刺的口吻回答。
The waiter greeted us in a friendly tone. 那侍者用友好的口气同我们打招呼。
（2）语调，声调： You should use the rising / falling tone at the end of this sentence. 在这句话的结尾你应该用升调／降调。
不想做?bebusydoing忙忙于做某事?wouldyouminddoingsth你是否介意做某事wellidprefertostayhere可我更愿意呆在这儿prefertodo更更愿意做某事prefertodoratherthantodo宁愿作某事而不愿作某事prefersbtodosth更喜欢某事某人做某事isaid
（3）格调，风格，气氛： Her dress has a bright tone. 她的衣服格调明快。
The building has a foreign tone. 这座建筑物有一种异国情调。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
• ★ shed （1） n. 棚子、小屋、存放地 • a cattle shed 牛棚 • a wood shed 木棚子
• 快要爬到窗口时，下面一个人用讽刺的口吻 说：“我看不必在夜里这个时候擦窗子吧。
• ※ need doing sth 需要做某事、被需要做 某事
• ※ at this time of the night 夜里这个时候
• 在这里用作并列连词,意为“在那时,届时”, 表示时间.这时主句中可以用过去进行时,过 去完成时或“ was/were about to do sth.” 结构.例如：
印刷的专业术语英汉互译大全 Wwg
3、 尺寸 size /dimension :
长：length 宽 width 高 Height 深 Depth 厚度：thickness
展开尺寸：open size/flat size 成型尺寸：close size/finished size
内尺寸：inner size
外尺寸：outer size
面纸：Top sheet
底纸：Liner sheet
2、印刷颜色 ink information/printing 单黑：black ink only, 专色：PMS，special color 四色：4 colors CMYK----- Cyan 青, Magenta 品红, Yellow 黄, black 黑
车中线：single sewing
精装书：case(hard) bound book cloth book
空白页：unprint page blank page 未切页：uncut pages
封面：Cover
内文：Text/content
WUWUGANG 整理印刷术语英汉互译
自封：self cover 前封面(封一)：front cover 封二：inside front cover 左右自反：work and tumble
C1S
双面白或者单粉：WBB(White back board)？
粉灰：CCNB / grey back (灰底)/ FBB(folding box board)（微软的称法）
牛皮纸：kraft paper
坑纸：Corrugated Paper Flute A(A 坑)
纸板:：pasteboard
双灰板： grey board
书纸：WFUC（wood free uncoated）/ Woodfree
上外版2020高中英语选择性必修第一册Unit1 ReadingB 课件
Xunzi
Skimming
Which sentence in the text shows the main idea of “Encouraging Learning”?
Learning should never cease.
学不可以已
Does Xunzi aim to persuade, inform, or entertain? How can you tell?
Through analogy and parallelism, what does Xunzi want to tell us?
If the gentleman studies widely and each day examines himself, his wisdom will become clear and his conduct be without fault.
Para.4
Pile up earth to make a mountain;
Pile up water to make a deep pool.
Unless you pile up little steps, you can never journey a thousand li;
Unless you pile up tiny streams, you can never make a river or a sea.
君子博学而日参省乎己 则知明而行无过矣
Para.3
1. What’s the main idea of this paragraph?
Achievement consists in never giving
木偶奇遇记(中英文台词)
是啊，以前我也不信
Well, I didn't, either.
当然了，我只是一只...
Of course, I'm just a cricket
从一个炉膛唱到另一个炉膛的蟋蟀...
singing my way from hearth to hearth,
来吧，该睡了
Come now. We go to bed.
晚安，皮诺曹
Good night, Pinocchio.
有趣的小脸
Little funny face.
晚安，克利奥我的小小水宝贝
Good night, Cleo, my little water baby.
你也得说晚安
You say good night, too.
你看到发生什么了？
You see what happens?
我们上去啦！
Up we go!
真是个可爱的小家伙
You're a cute little fellow.
那个笑容--你知道，我--
And that smile -- You know, I --
你这个淘气鬼妒嫉了哦？
You rascal. Jealous, huh?
多优美啊！
How graceful!
我的小小木头脑瓜
My little wooden head
克利奥，来见见皮诺曹
Cleo, meet Pinocchio.
说，“你好？”
Say, "How do you do? "
来跟费加洛打个招呼
Say hello to Figaro.
Wood Joinery Types
Wood Joinery Types∙Mitre Joints∙Wood Balusters∙Wood Fencing PricesWood joinery is one of the most basic concepts in woodworking. If one didn't have the ability to joint two pieces of wood together in a solid fashion, all woodworking pieces would be sculptures, carve d out of a single piece of wood. However, with the many varied types of wood joinery, a woodworker has a number of different joints in his arsenal from which to choose, based upon the project. If you master these wood joinery concepts, you'll be well on your way to becoming a very accomplished woodworker.Butt Joint. (c) 2009 Chris Baylor licensed to , Inc.1. Basic Butt JointThere is no more basic wood joinery than the butt joint. A butt joint is nothing more than when one piece of wood butts into another (most often at a right angle, or square to the other board) and is fastened using mechanical fasteners. This type of joint is often used in wall framing on construction sites. Learn tips for using a butt joint, as well as when to choose another wood joinery type. More »Mitered Butt Joint. (c) 2009 Chris Baylor licensed to , Inc.2. Mitered Butt JointA mitered butt joint is nearly the same as a basic butt joint, except that the two boards are joined at an angle (instead of square to one another). The advantage is that the mitered butt joint will not show any end grain, and as such is a bit more aesthetically pleasing. However, the mitered butt joint isn't all that strong. Here, you can learn how to create a clean miter ed butt joint, and when to use this type of wood joinery. More »Half-Lap Joint. (c) 2009 Chris Baylor licensed to , Inc.3. Half-Lap JointThe half-lap joint is where half of each of the two boards being joined is removed, so that the two boards join together flush with one another. This type of woodjoinery can obviously weaken the strength of the two adjoining boards, but also is a stronger joint than butt joints. There are a number of projects where this type of wood joint is quite desirable, in spite of its drawbacks. More »Tongue and Groove Joint. (c) 2009 Chris Baylor licensed to , Inc. 4. Tongue and Groove JointWhen joining two boards square to one another along a long edge, one can simply butt the joint together and hold it with fasteners. However, the tongue and groove joint is much stronger and provides more adjoining surface areas, which is particularly useful if you're going to glue the joint. More »Mortise and Tenon Joint. (c) 2009 Chris Baylor licensed to , Inc. 5. Mortise and Tenon JointThe mortise and tenon is a classic wood joinery method. These joints have been used since the early times of woodworking, and are still among the strongest and most elegant methods for joining wood. Learn methods for creating tight, beautiful mortise and tenon joints. More »Cutting a Biscuit Joint. (c) 2009 Chris Baylor licensed to , Inc.6. Biscuit JointAnother method for joining boards along the edges (like the tongue and groove joint) is to cut slots and use beechwood wafers (known as biscuit s) to hold the boards in place. This is a very useful modern woodworking joint, particularly for creating table tops, relying on glue and the swelling of the beechwood biscuit to hold the boards in place. Learn how to cut consistent slots and get reliable results from biscuit joiner y. More »Pocket Joint. (c) 2009 Chris Baylor licensed to , Inc.7. Pocket JointThe Pocket Joint is a type of wood joinery that involves cutting a slot and pre-drilling a pilot hole at an angle between two boards before connecting the two with a screw. This pre-drill ing needs to be very accurate, so it is typically accomplished by use of a commercial jig. Pocket joints work great for cabinet face frames and other similar applications where a lot of strength is not needed. Learn the steps to creating pocket joints in your woodworking projects. More »Dado in Plywood. (c) 2009 Chris Baylor licensed to , Inc.8. DadoA dado is nothing more than a square-grooved slot in one board where another board will fit. Similar to tongue and groove joinery, this is a commonly-used wood joint for connecting plywood, such as building cabinetry. Learn how to properly cut a dado, and when to use one. More »Rabbet. (c) 2009 Chris Baylor licensed to , Inc.9. RabbetAnother common wood joint used in cabinetry is the rabbet. A rabbet is essentially a dado cut along the edge of a board. Rabbets are often used at the back of cabinets and other similar assemblies for attaching the back to the sides of the box, adding a considerable amount of strength to the assembly. Learn how to cut clean rabbets and when to use them. More »Dovetail Joint. (c) 2009 Chris Baylor licensed to , Inc.10. Through Dovetail JointOf all wood joinery methods, the through dovetail may be the most revered. A classic through dovetail is beautiful and very strong, and adds a touch of class to any piece. There are a few methods for creating through dovetails, from hand cutting to machining with a jig. Learn the keys to a quality through dovetail joint and how to create them. More »。
蓬皮杜梅斯中心,梅斯,法国
蓬皮杜梅斯中心,梅斯,法国徐知兰【期刊名称】《世界建筑》【年(卷),期】2014(000)010【总页数】10页(P68-77)【作者】徐知兰【作者单位】【正文语种】中文开始着手设计的时候，我首先想到的是与当今全球艺术博物馆有关的两种现象。
第一种趋势即早已广为人知的“毕尔巴鄂效应”，始源于弗兰克·盖里在西班牙毕尔巴鄂设计、1998年建成的古根海姆博物馆。
当时的设计策略是要以雕塑般的建筑形态为这个在国际上默默无闻的城市吸引大量游客，最终取得了成功。
但有人认为，这样的建筑其实视艺术家与博物馆员工的需求于不顾，对建筑功能造成破坏，虽由此形成了建筑师个人的纪念碑，却也使博物馆的艺术作品展示和欣赏条件惨不忍睹。
而另一个极端的例子则是对工业建筑的改造更新，无论其建筑物本身如何中立而平淡，都要为艺术作品的展示提供最佳的空间条件。
伦敦的泰特当代美术馆，2003年建成的位于纽约北部、为迪亚艺术基金会设计的迪亚贝康美术馆等，都是此类较为成功的案例。
相比起这两种极端的选择，我更想创造出一种能在为艺术品的展示与欣赏提供方便的同时、也让建筑物本身在参观者脑海中留下深刻印象的设计理念。
为了提供功能空间，我将功能布局分散为一列简单的体块，以明晰的流线穿插其间。
这些空间以三维的方式组织在一起，以简化其功能上的内在关系。
根据画廊对距离的不同要求，我以15m跨度为模数，设计了3个纵深长达90m 的长方体。
这3个管状的长方体彼此垂直叠加，略有错动，并在附近布置了一个六边形的钢框架核心筒，核心筒内部是楼梯与电梯。
在这3个叠错的展厅方管形成的层叠天花之下，正是大中庭展廊。
这座蓬皮杜中心附属建筑物的主要功能是为公众展示更多的艺术作品（在巴黎仅仅展出了其所有藏品的20%），并为在净高仅5.5m的巴黎博物馆无法展出的超大件作品提供展览空间。
为了满足这些要求，大中庭展廊的最大净空高度保持为18m。
建筑物的地段位于目前火车站的南侧，这里原先用作调车场，在市中心北侧。
工程专业术语大全
工程专业术语大全1、建筑工程（building engineering）为新建、改建或扩建房屋建筑物和附属构筑物设施所进行的规划、勘察、设计和施工、竣工等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
2、建筑工程质量（quality of building engineering）反映建筑工程满足相关标准规定或合同约定的要求，包括其在安全、使用功能及其在耐久性能、环境保护等方面所有明显的隐含能力的特性总和。
3、验收（acceptance）建筑工程在施工单位自行质量检查评定的基础上，参与建设活动的有关单位共同对检验批、分项、分部、单位工程的质量进行抽样复验，根据相关标准以书面形式对工程质量达到合格与否做出确认。
4、进场验收（site acceptance）对进入施工现场的材料、构配件、设备等按相关标准规定要求进行检验，对产品达到合格与否做出确认。
5、检验批（inspection lot）按同一的生产条件或按规定的方式汇总起来供检验用的，由一定数量样本组成的检验体。
6、检验（inspection）对检验项目中的性能进行量测、检查、试验等，并将结果与标准规定要求进行比较，以确定每项性能是否合格所进行的活动。
7、见证取样检测（evidential testing）在监理单位或建设单位监督下，由施工单位有关人员现场取样，并送至具备相应资质的检测单位所进行的检测。
8、交接检验（handing over inspection）由施工的承接方与完成方经双方检查并对可否继续施工做出确认的活动。
9、主控项目（dominant item）建筑工程中的对安全、卫生、环境保护和公众利益起决定性作用的检验项目。
10、一般项目（general item）除主控项目以外的检验项目。
11、抽样检验（sampling inspection）按照规定的抽样方案，随机地从进场的材料、构配件、设备或建筑工程检验项目中，按检验批抽取一定数量的样本所进行的检验。