作文讲义1
作文讲义——立意
作文讲义——立意立意常常是多义的。
角度不同，思路不同，立意也不同。
常见的炼意方法有：①中心立意法。
即根据所给材料的中心．联系实际，提出自己的观点和主张，这些观点和主张是对原材料中心的具体化，是对原材料中心进一步阐发和深入论证。
如成语滥竽充数讽刺了南郭先生不会装会，终被识破，落得个逃之天天的下场。
据此，联系实际，可提炼干事业要有真才实学大锅饭吃不得等中心论点。
②反中心立意法。
是以原材料的中心为对立面，提出与其截然相反的观点。
像滥竽充数，我们可以称赞南郭先生有自知之明，知道自己并无真才实学，在客观环境变化，自己无法再混下去的时候，明智地改变策略，夹起皮包走路。
反中心立意只要言之有理、有据，不但不被视为跑题、偏题，反而因其思想独特、立意别致受到赞扬。
③变角度立意法。
变换一个角度来看原材料，避免主要矛盾方面，将其次要矛盾方面作为立论之据。
还是以滥竽充数为例，可以以齐宣王好大喜功讲排场，成为南郭先生得以生存的土壤或乐队队员明知南郭先生滥竽充数，却不报告，不检举，为南郭'充'内行提供了客观条件为中心。
运用此法，往往在立意前先点明原材料中心，并以不说(原材料中心)……而说(变换角度立意)……的形式对自己的中心论点加以限制。
常用的立意角度还有：褒贬角度；分合角度。
一个作文材料往往因为写作者的理解不同而产生不同的观点，我们可不可以自己从中找出多个观点呢？能否在这许多观点中找出最佳的一个呢？平时我们就应该多做这样的练习。
总之，能注意在乎日的作文进行多角度立意，考试时就能提炼出准确而新颖的主题。
【示例一】一毛钱与诚信有位哲人曾说过，人的境界可以分为五种，追求真善美乃是最高的境界。
这其中的真，便是诚信。
在健康、美丽、诚信、机敏、才学、金钱、荣誉这七个人生背囊中，我们可以丢弃美丽而粗陋，可以丢弃金钱而贫穷，也可以丢弃荣誉而平凡，但切不可丢弃诚信而欺诈。
诚信可以是对情感而言的。
伯牙、子期，一个抚琴，一个听音，衣袂飘飘，风清云淡，于是在高山流水中结为知音，并庄严约定；后来，故人逝去，再无知音，伯牙宁可断琴。
大学英语四级作文讲义
1. Young people may find going abroad appealing because they really enjoy it. (空洞句) Young people may find going abroad appealingbecause we can learn a lot and broad oue view ina different counties.2. The reason I like surfing the Internet because it is my favorite hobby. （句子碎片）The reason why is that ………It is widely accepted/ believed thatIt goes without saying that3. Mobile phone is very common in our society, about 1/3 of city dwellers have become accustomed to using it.Mobile phone is very common in our society and about 1/3 of city dwellers have become accustomed to using it（标点）4. Some students did not choose their courses wisely, consequently, their credits for college admission were inadequate.Some students did nit choose their course wisely ,consequently; (分号)5. I kept on thinking about failing in NINEM for MA/MS in last year. Why? Because of the time.Because of the time is limited. （从句不可以成为主句）6. I am going to have a lot of activities during the summer vacation. For example playing in the field, climbing the mountain, and traveling by train.for example 后一般只跟一样东西such as 可以在后面加许多7. College students doing part-time jobs is good to his family, himself and the society.to their family theirselves and the society(错误指代)8. I will meet with lots of difficulties, but I think I can overcome it. (faulty reference)9. Finding a good apartment is as difficult as to pay the rent.10. The canteen should setup several televisions. Improvement of the Sentence Writing1. Many people think birth control is quite necessary in China.2. Many Chinese people have gone to the United States in the past 15 years.3. Such belief is wrong and dangerous.As a matter of fact ,such belief is unfortunately wrong and possible dangerous (副词)4. There are two reasons for the effect.There are two possible resons fot the this dangerous effect (形容词)5. I think we can take three measures to solve the problem.Three measure , I think can be taken to solve the problem. （插入语）6. It seems that the first part is better written than the other parts.the first part ,it seem s is better than the other parts（插入语）7. We are making great efforts to improve our English. Great efforts are being made to improve （多用被动语态)8. Because of social demands, there appear many evening schools.Many eveing schools are made called to existence by social demands(多用被动语态)9. Diplomas are very attractive because it is demanded by our society.Why are these diplones so attractive and charming ?The reason for this is that it is (无中生有)10. English studying is very common because it is widely used in our society.11. Living in the countryside is the best thing for me.Nothing could be better for me than living in the countryside(反问陈述)12. Whenever you pick up a newspaper, you will always find advertisements.It is impossible to pick up an newspaper without fing ads13. We can see from the above graphs that from 1990 to 1995 the price of meat was on the rise, while consumption increased.14. Although we hold different attitudes towards opportunity, no one should neglect its importance.Different as the attitudes one ,no one (as的作用)15. As is shown by the two graphs, from 1800 to 1900, with the rapid growth of U.S. population, the number of species no longer existing shot up, adding up to 70 in 1990.During the period of the time from16. Pollution is an extremely serious problem：the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.17. Beijing has won the bid for the 2008 Olympic Game! Many college students could not sleep that night because they were so excited.18. Teenagers are pressured by school work. They are also encouraged by their peers. Under such circumstances, they resort to smoking. But sometimes they feel a little guilty.19. The style of living has become more and more popular and accepted by more and more young people.20. More and more people agree (realize/are aware) that women should enjoy full equality with men.21. Teachers are called “engineers of human soul”.22. Does television have more advantages than disadvantages?23. I am in favor of equal rights for women. I think women should especially have the right to compete with men for jobs on equal terms. They should get the same pay as men for the same job. They should also have equal opportunities for promotion.24. True friends will be very proud of your progress. If you face difficulties true friends will encourage you.①空洞句②句子碎片③标点④分号⑤从句不可成为主句⑥破折号⑦错误指代⑨平行结构⑩被动⑾要用人做主语⑿形容词和副词⒀插入语⒁无中生有⒂⒃陈述⒄冗余结构⒅反面绪论的句型————文章的开头段部分第一类：选择题型的开头For most people today, ____________has become their main source of__________, but as forme, __________should be regarded as a better source.There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the view of____________. Somepeople suggest that, while others argue that____________, l agree with the latter.It is a quite controversial argument whether_____________. In my opinion, l think that____________is a better idea because of_____________.It is often difficult for some people to decide whether ___________. But for others, the advantages of__________ always outweigh the disadvantages.From my point of view it is more advisable to choose______________ rather than____________.People differ greatly in their attitudes towards this problem. Some people hold the opinion that____________. Others, on the contrary, maintain that ____________. Personally, I stand on the side of____________.Despite the fact that most of them like____________, I would like to choose to_____________. 第二类：判断题型的开头赞成类l agree with the statement to some extent that ___________.I can see both advantages and disadvantages to_____________. Overall, l think it is a good idea. Consequently I agree with the title statement that________________.I fully support the statement above because I am very sure that______________.Many people advocate that___________, they claim that_______________, my opinion is the same as theirs in the following reasons.At first glance, it seems very difficult for us to draw a definite concIusion that_______________is right or wrong, because it has both advantages and disadvantages.However, after serious considerahons we can see that under most cireumstances _____________ will do more good than harm.Two different opinions obviously exist to support and to oppose. After pondering theopinions from several aspects, personally, I agree with the idea that____________.反对类Nowadays, the problem of _____________has aroused public attention. Some peoplecriticize that. They believe that____________. However, I firmly objectto this argument.Until recently, ______________ was viewed as the prime argument, but people are taking a fresh look at it.Although it is an admirable idea, ____________ is not always a realistic option.Thinking logically, I can only say that this statement is valid because.Some people think that_______________, frankly speaking, I cannot agree with their opinion for the reasons below.To make it an extreme, the majority would argue that __________．It is essentialFor______________.第三类：论述题型的开头One of the hottest topics many People talk about now is___________.It has become apparent to us that______________.____________ plays a vital part in everyone's daily work and life.In the past few years, there has been a growing trend that____________.One of the universal issues thet draw growing concern is_____________._______________. This view has been shared now by more and more people.____________ is known as one of the most serious problems in today's society. We can see it almost everywhere. This phenomenon is the result of several reasons.With the development of society, _____________.In recent years, many cities have been faced with the serious problem of___________.One of the great writers once said that__________. Now it still has a realisticsignificance.When asked about ___________,people have al1 kind of views concerning it. From mypoint of view, ____________.本论的句型————文章的理由段部分承上启下的过渡句型In my opinion, the phenomenon __________is mainly due to several factors.A number of reasons may help at this point.This quite different view is based on the propensity of following points.Putting too much emphasis on ___________ may result in obscuring other facts.To assume that ________ is destined to miss the following points.The reasons and examples 1isted below will strengthen my point of view.阐述理由的句型The main problem with this argument is that ___________.The root cause for __________ is____________.The most immediate reason for ___________ is ___________.One of the factor accounts for is that _____________.举例This offers a typical instance of ____________.Take __________ for example.We may cite a common example of ___________.结论的句型——文章的结论部分In short,___________. In sum,___________.In summary, ___________. In a word, __________.Taking into account of all these factors, I think that ___________.Based on the points discussed above, we can see ___________.With the improvement of ___________, ___________ will prove to hold great superiority over ____________.From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that _________. There are a lot of details to consider, but al1 in all, I support the idea that _________.While it is true that the argument I disagree hold a little bit of water, I think that ____________. 问题解决提出解决方案Measures must be taken toIt is high time we had toIt is pressing/indispensable/essential that proper actions/effective measures should be taken to Great efforts should be put into/focused onWe need to take a fresh/clear look/view at this matter/problem/situation /in a new perspective/ from a new standpoint.最佳、最重要解决方案的句型What we can do is simply toThe best approach/solution to … isIt is urgent/pressing/significant/practical/feasible to应用文常用句型常见辩论话题理由1．SmokingFor：1．it is pleasurable and relaxing2．it is one's right3．it is difficult to stop smoking4．it is an old custom going back hundreds of years5．it is not always dangerous to one's health6．it makes socializing easier7．it is an important source of tax revenue8．intoxication is a natural drive (e.g., coffee, drugs, alcohol)Against:1．it is harmful to one's health (e.g., heart disease, bronchial trouble, lung cancer )2．it is harmful to those nearby3．it is a dirty and expensive habit4．it is addictive (i.e., nicotine)5．it is quickly being banned in public areas6．it lives off deceptive advertising2．School UniformsFor：1．they build character2．they eliminate class differences3．they allow students to better concentrate on their studies4．they are popular with parents and administrators5．they are inexpensive6．they are attractive and neat7．they eliminate the need to choose what to wear every day8．many countries have themAgainst：1．they lead to conformity2．they are disliked by students (students like to primp)3．they create a military mentality4．they are an infringement on our freedom (different strokes for different folks) 5．they are ugly and childish6．they deprive youths of an important choice: what to wear7．they are losing popularity everywhere3．Legalized GamblingFor：1．it reduces taxes2．it is a source of government revenue3．it is gaining popularity in the world4．it is an old practice dating back thousands of years5．it is pleasurable (e.g., horse racing, casinos)6．it is voluntary7．many people play poker and mahjongAgainst：1．it is banned in most countries2．it is condemned by most religions3．it can become addictive4．it encourages people to throw away their hard-earned savings5．it teaches people not to work for money6．it can destroy happy families7．it can lead to suicide8．it is easily controlled by the Mafia (e.g., bookmakers )4．City LifeFor：1．it is exciting2．it attracts people from the countryside3．it offers the best schools, hospitals, and stores4．it offers many amenities (e.g., swimming pools, bowling alleys, and sports stadiums ) 5．it offers many chances of employment6．its noise and overcrowding are hardly noticeable7．cities have an efficient public transportation system8．city planners can create a good living environment 9．crime can be found in the countryside as wellAgainst ：1．it is unhealthy (e.g., water and air pollution )2．it is not a good environment for children3．it is devoid of Nature and distinct seasons4．it is noisy and dangerous5．it makes people nervous and even neurotic6．it has created awful slums7．cities are overcrowded and expensive8．many city dwellers long to return to the countryside 9．city housing projects are unpopular5．Informing Patients Of CancerFor：1．patients want to know2．it is wrong to hide the truth3．it is not a shock for the patient but for his family4．it gives the patient a chance to plan his last days5．it is the patient' s body, not the doctor' s6．doctors are for it (in the U. S.)7．it allows a person to choose alternate means of treatment Against：1．it is heartless and cruel2．it may make the patient give up3．it causes depression4．it can lead to suicide5．most relatives are against it6．a white lie can save undue suffering7．doctors are against it (in Japan)6．Social SecurityFor：1．the state should help the poor, aged, unemployed, and sick 2．the state should provide good health care for its citizens 3．the strong must help the weak4．Social Darwinism is outdated5．there will always be social misfits that need help6．all religions stress charity7．all advanced countries have some form of social securityAgainst ：1．it costs too much2．it encourages laziness and destroys the work ethic3．it does not work efficiently4．people should look after themselves5．it results in heavy taxes6．Social Darwinism tells us that life is the "survival of the fittest" 7．there are no freebies in life7．CoeducationFor ：1．it is natural (i.e., adult society is not segregated )2．it gives men and women a chance to better understand one another 3．it gives men and women a chance to compete with one another 4．it is the modern trend5．it has many practical advantages (e.g., school plays, music groups) 6．it produces well-adjusted adults7．most parents prefer coeducation.8．separate schools foster sexual rivalry9．women become neurotic in all-women' s schoolsAgainst ：1．women do better academically in their own colleges2．women are in college to get an education, not a husband 3．women have their own values to develop4．it can lead to intimacy and promiscuity5．it is still rare in some countries6．it is opposed by some parents7．it robs women of their self-confidence8．separate schools have existed for centuries9．marry great men and women attended separate schools8．Corporal PunishmentFor ：1．children are not adults2．children respect discipline3．it is a check on excessive permissiveness4．it does no permanent damage because children are hardy creatures 5．it is opposed only by mixed-up psychologists6．it is a form of training7．it builds real character8．it reinforces the authority of teachers and parents9．it works to control juvenile delinquency10. there is the saying: Spare the rod and spoil the childAgainst ：1．it is barbarous2．Freud said it is wrong3．love is better than physical punishment4．it can cause psychological problems5．it is not necessary if children are raised correctly6．it is an emotional, irrational response7．it can result in a lawsuit8．beatings have been known to result in death9．there is the saying : Violence begets violence9．Organ TransplantsFor ：1．they prolong life2．they are supported by the medical profession3．they enhance medical science4．they are a challenge to surgeons5．critically ill people want transplants in order to live6．costs will come down as the surgery becomes routine7．there is no "time" to die8．death is defined as brain death9．the drugs cyclosporine and FK-506 have helped eliminate the problem of rejection Against ：1．they are too expensive2．they favor the rich3．they encourage the poor in Third World countries to sell their organs4．they are unnatural as seen by the body' s rejection5．they are often unsuccessful6．the idea is sinister7．Nature has decided when we should die8．the process of deciding who gets the next available organ is unfair9．there is as yet no agreement on what constitutes death (brain -dead versus heart-dead)10．Civil DisobedienceFor ：1．it draws attention to unjust of unconstitutional laws2．it is a matter of religious or moral convictions3．it is the only way to fight oppression4．it is usually nonviolent5．it is used only in extreme circumstances6．it goes back to the time of Jesus Christ7．it is common, like cheating on taxes and illegal parking8．God' s laws take precedence over man' s laws9．protestors are ready to accept punishment for their beliefs10．many famous people have engaged in civil disobedience (e.g., Mahatma Gandhi and Andrei Sakharov)11．there are many famous examples such as the Boston Tea Party and conscientious objectors during the Vietnam WarAgainst ：1．no one is above the law2．it can quickly destroy law and order3．it leads to anarchy4．it leads to contempt for all laws5．protestors are cowards trying to escape punishment6．protestors often resort to violence7．the democratic process should be used to effect change11．AbortionFor ：1．it is a woman' s fundamental right, say abortion-rights advocates2．it is necessary for unwed mothers3．it is necessary for rape victims4．it is necessary in some cases to save a mother' s life5．procreation is a couple' s choice6．it is a form of birth control7．poor, illiterate women want it8．most women support it9．it is necessary to prevent overpopulation10．it prevents unwanted babies from coming into the world11．it is not murder because a fetus is not yet a human beingAgainst：1．it is murder (infanticide), say anti-choice groups2．life begins at conception3．it is an unnatural practice4．it is immoral because only God can take a life5．a fetus is a human being-unborn but viable6．the rights of a fetus must be protected7．it is painful for the fetus-a barbaric practice8．it is not the same as other modern birth-control devices9．it causes many women to have guilt feelings10．unwanted babies can be put up for adoption12．CensorshipFor ：1．it is for the good of society2．it protects children3．every society has some form of censorship4．the individual is less important than the community 5．absolute freedom leads to anarchy6．many adults are not mature enough to make their own decisions 7．it can be carried out wisely8．pornography is not art9．pornography is in the hands of unscrupulous people 10．obscene works should be banned11．it is necessary in times of warAgainst ：1．it limits the individual' s freedom and human rights2．it is not consistent with democracy3．it is subjective and not objective4．it creates the problem of who will censor5．it is disappearing in advanced countries6．it deprives adults of their right to make decisions7．it can be applied to all aspects of our lives8．it is the first step toward totalitarianism9．it draws attention to banned works and increases sales 10．voluntary censorship is better13．Equality Of the SexesFor ：1．we all have the same Creator2．matriarchal societies go back thousands of years3．all advanced societies have given women equal rights 4．most companies have adopted equal pay for equal work 5．there are no skills women cannot master6．there are even women body builders7．men have a basic inferiority complex8．women are more interested in peace than men9．some world leaders are women (e.g., Margaret Thatcher )10．women are superior to men in some fields11．no scientific studies back up the stereotypes men have of women Against ：1．women have a different biological function2．women are physically weaker than men3．women can' t be mothers and career women at the same time 4．many women want to depend on men5．most women want to stay at home and be mothers6．women haven' t been given the vote in some countries 7．women are emotional and irrational8．women think intuitively (no famous women philosophers) 9．hormones cause women to behave differently14．Foreign AidFor ：1．it is humane2．the rich should help the poor3．all religions teach charity4．it seeks to end poverty, disease, and illiteracy5．it can be used to help refugees and combat slavery6．it is given by all advanced countries7．it is supported by the Red Cross and the United Nations8．it helped rebuild Japan and Germany9．it increases world trade10．it achieves political objectives11．it promotes national securityAgainst ：1．it is degrading to the recipient2．it is never appreciated3．it leads to feelings of inferiority4．it limits the independence of developing countries5．it subsidizes laziness6．it often goes into the pockets of corrupt officials7．it supports Third World dictatorships8．it can be culturally damaging9．it has divided the United Nations10．the money should be spent at home for one' s own people15．DivorceFor ：1．it is the logical solution to a bad marriage2．it allows both persons to seek happiness in a second marriage3．it dates from as early as ancient Babylonia4．it is legally recognized by most countries5．it is accepted by most people6．remarriage is a right7．it is necessary in cases of adultery, alcoholism, desertion, drug addiction, and mental and physical cruelty8．children are better off living with one parent than with both in an unhappy environment 9．feminists support itAgainst ：1．it breaks up the family2．it makes it too easy for two persons to walk out of their marriage3．it is opposed by various religions4．it is banned by some countries5．it was uncommon until fifty years ago6．marriage is a serious responsibility7．it is a sign of immaturity8．counseling is the solution9．it harms children emotionally10．children need both parents11．child custody decisions are messy16．Compulsory Military ServiceFor ：1．it aims to strengthen national defense2．it teaches young men discipline3．it builds character and physical fithess4．it teaches valuable skills5．it nurtures a spirit of comradeship an equality6．it offers opportunities for overseas travel7．it exists in many countries (e.g., Switzerland, Singapore)8．it reduces unemployment9．it instills a sense of patriotismAgainst：1．it is unnecessary in view of today' s professional armies2．it is a step away from peace3．some countries have abolished it (e. g., the U.S., Japan)4．today' s armies do not need unskilled manpower5．it interrupts young men' s studies and careers6．it is a useless experience7．it is a source of slave labor8．it results in bullying and conformity9．it does not build character10．it can cause mental disorders11．military skills are useless in private industry17．V oluntary EuthanasiaFor ：1．it is a basic right-the right to die2．the Greek origin of the word euthanasia means "good death "3．it allows one to die with dignity4．it allows one to choose the time and place of death5．it is logical and humane6．it can be regulated with safeguards (e.g., the person must be rationally lucid) 7．it is painless8．it is the solution to a terminal illness with suffering9．the dying want it10．some doctors will assist the patient to end his life11．it recognizes death as a natural, biological process12．doctor-assisted suicide is legal in Holland, under certain guidelines Against ：1．it is murder or suicide2．it is illegal in most countries3．most doctors oppose it4．it is a first step to killing the old and infirm5．it is irreversible in the event of a new cure6．only God can end a life7．most religions oppose it8．suicide is always irrational9．the dying are too sick to know what they want10．the dying should look to hospices that dispense painkillers11．it can be abused by greedy persons seeking an inheritance18．Capital PunishmentFor：1．it frightens would-be criminals (acts as a deterrent )2．it serves as a just reward for killers3．it lowers crime rates4．it is more economical than a life sentence (saves the state money)5．in rare cases it may lead to the death of an innocent person, but this cannot be helped 6．most countries practice it7．killers should not be allowed to become hero-figures8．a life sentence is never for life but for only a few years9．killers are heartless and cruel and should not be protected by sociologistsAgainst ：1．it frightens no one2．it is motivated by revenge and not justice3．it does not lower crime rates4．it can lead to the death of an innocent person (a mistake)5．it is a barbaric practice (hanging, electric chairs, gas chambers)6．it is unjust because only God can take away life7．the real solution to crime is the elimination of social injustices and rehabilitation 8．killers are often mentally ill and in need of medical treatment9．the death penalty is being abandoned by many countries19．Trade ProtectionismFor ：1．industries need government protection2．no nation can allow its industries to be destroyed3．agriculture must be protected for national security reasons4．real free trade doesn' t exist and never has5．national security is more important than idealistic trade principles6．it has made Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan prosperous7．every nation ' s economy is shaped by its own culture8．there are various forms of free-market economy9．every nation should have an industrial policy10．governments must provide jobs for their workers by whatever meansAgainst ：1．it invites retaliation2．it invites reciprocity based on a quid pro quo basis3．it impedes world trade and prosperity4．it hurts poor, underdeveloped countries5．it leads to trade wars6．it makes industries less competitive7．it costs taxpayers large sums of money8．it gives consumers less choice9．it is denounced by most nations10．it is based not just on high tariffs but also on government regulations, inspections, certification, and distribution20．Nuclear PowerFor：1．it provides huge amounts of energy from small amounts of fuel2．it is the best source of energy for countries without oil3．the world' s supply of oil will be exhausted in 90 years4．it already produces most of the energy needs of some countries5．it could supply all the world' s electricity for millions of years if fully developed6．it is safe if properly supervised7．nuclear power plants create less air pollution than fossil-fuel power plants8．the issue has become far too emotionalAgainst ：1．it is too dangerous (e.g., Chernobyl accident)2．most people are afraid of it3．the world' s supply of uranium is fast decreasing4．it is better to develop other sources of energy (e.g., fusion)5．radioactive wastes cannot be disposed of6．it can produce nuclear weapons for warfare7．certain radical world leaders are trying to buy nuclear weapons8．nuclear plants are expensive to build9．the U.S. is slowly closing down its nuclear power plants10．nuclear wastes can cause cancer。
作文讲义
中间段中间段有以下具体特点：所涉及内容应该准确、清楚，颇具说服力；段落中一定具备主题句；段落内容应该保持完整、统一，没有说明不足之处或多余冗长的细节；内容顺序安排合理，逻辑性较强；段落之间连贯自然；段落中讨论的内容主次分明，材料比例适当；词与句型运用合理并且有变化。
中间段展开方法归纳如下：列举法Eating wild animals gives rise to a lot of negative effects. In the first place, as many wild animals carry parasites, when we eat them, the parasites enter our bodies, thus causing a lot of illnesses. The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a case in point. It was reported that the virus derived from a “delicious” animal and the disease has claimed thousands of lives throughout the world and brought great damages to people’s properties. In the second place, since animals are an indispensable part of o ur environment, the extinction of some animals may disturb the natural balance. Last but not least, eating wild animals is cruel. After all, wild animals are our close friends.比较对比法People who believe in the beneficial side may have some arguments as follows. To begin with, farmers can earn more money by working in the cities. Most of them will s end part of their income back home to help their families. What’s more, these farmers will help develop the cities in many ways. According to a recent survey, most of the construction projects in big cities are actually done by farmers.By contrast, some people argue that farmer migration may give rise to a series of negative effects. They worry that much land will be deserted in the country. In addition, it is also believed that rising crimes in cities are partly related to this migration.因果法The hamburger is the most popular food item in the United States. Every year Americans consume billions of them. They are sold in expensive restaurants and in humble diners. They are cooked at home on the kitchen stove or over a barbecue grill in the backyard. Why are they so popular?First, a hamburger is extremely easy to prepare. It is nothing more than a piece of ground beef, cooked for a few minutes. Then it is placed in a sliced bun. Nothing could be simpler. Even an unskilled cook can turn out hundreds of them in an hour. Besides that, the simple hamburger can be varied in many ways. You can melt some cheese on top of the beef to create a cheeseburger. You can also add some grilled bacon for an interesting flavor contrast. In addition, you can garnish the hamburger with other things such as lettuce, tomato, onion, mushrooms, avocado, pickles, hot pepper, ketchup, relish, mayonnaise, mustard or whatever you wish!例证法Take my neighbor as an example. There are three members in their family and the two adults were laid off last year. The only child will have to drop out of school next semester. In order to help them, I donated all my money—300 yuan to pay the tuition. And I plan to call on others to donate more money. Though I cannot do a lot, I have given love which is like a lamp in a dark place where light is most needed.发展过程法To build your own sun scope, get a carton and cut a hole in one side, big enough to poke your head through. Paste white paper on the inside surface that you will be facing. Then punch a pinhole into the opposite side high enough so that the little shaft of light will miss your head. For a sharper image you can make a better pinhole by cutting a one-inch square hole in the carton, taping a piece of aluminum foil over this hole, and then making the pin-hole in the foil. Finally, tape the box shut and cover all light leaks with black tape.分类法Nowadays the news media mainly consists of radio, television and newspapers. Each type has its own advantages anddisadvantages.Newspapers are the oldest form for communicating the news. Today many people still begin their day by reading the morning paper while having breakfast, and end their day by reading the evening paper while having dinner.The invention of the radio has had a tremendous influence on the world. It is able to bring up-to-minute news to distant places in a matter of seconds. Thus the development of the radio has made the world a smaller place.Television is the most recently developed device for communication. It allows us to see as well as to hear the news. The fact that it enables people to see visual images has had a considerable effect on our perceptions of world events.标点1、英文没有顿号2、英文没有书名号，可用斜体，引号或下划线；专有名词常用斜体表示3、句号不同4、省略号(…)5、破折号专转本作文范文选1. Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET). Some people argue that it is absolutely necessary to hold a test of spoken English in China because we have been informed frequently that a Chinese student who has been learning English for over ten years cannot even communicate with a native speaker. Sometimes even those top students who excel in grammar and writing skills find their English inadequate to express their thoughts freely. A test of English will bring the college students an awareness of the importance of oral English, and will thus help them with their communicating skills.On the other hand, some others still maintain that a good command of reading and writing skills will be enough for the English learners. To some extent their opinion derives from the fact that students are already under considerable pressure from their coursework. Another required test will only add to their burden. Moreover, some students may take the shortcut by focusing on several guessed questions according to the fixed format of the test, hoping for a coincidence to bring them good luck.In my opinion, a test of spoken English will do more good than harm. Since China will continue its policy of opening and reform, the ability to speak English fluently is a must for anyone who wants to surpass others in a highly competitive society. Whether I take the test or not, I shall spare no efforts to practice oral English in the remaining years of my college study.2. InterestsIt is no doubt that everyone has his interests. For example, your sister is interested in stamp collecting; your brother takes interest in physics; and you yourself have a liking for computer.To develop your interests will help you make way in the world. If you like to be a teacher and you receive adequate education, you will certainly make yourself a successful one. If you cultivate your various interests properly, you will probably find it easier to find a job or profession.Sometimes you have to give up your interests for one thing or another. If you have a family and still you have a great interest in watching TV or some other pastime, you have to give it up from time to time so that you can help with housework or spend time with your lovely kid.3. HonestyWhat is honesty? Honesty means telling the truth and being fair and upright in act. Honesty is a good virtue. He who liesand cheats is dishonest. Those who gain fortunes, not by hard labour, but by other means, are dishonest.Honesty is the best policy. If you are honest in all matters, you'll be trusted and respected by others. A liar is always looked down upon and regarded as a black sheep by the people around. Once you have lied, people will never believe you even if you are telling the truth. The fable of the shepherd boy just makes a typical example. Honest, your reputation will become great. Dishonest, your name will be spoiled and your personality degraded.Since honesty is so important, we must cultivate it. We should tell the truth at all times instead of making such an excuse as "A little dishonesty is only a trifle thing". We should eradicate immediately the seed of dishonesty once it is sowed in our minds.4. The Generation GapThe generation gap is the different ideas and attitudes toward the same matter between different generations.What causes the differences then? It is the rapid changes in a society that make many things different. Different generations receive distinct education, and therefore have different knowledge and experiences. Parents want their children to follow their old-fashioned and traditional rules and values. But the youngsters like to accept the modern ones and reject to maintain the old ones. Each generation has different things to do and they tend to have different attitudes towards many matters. Therefore, generation conflicts always arise.In order to narrow the gap, each generation is supposed to be aware of the needs of the other. Has the idea ever occurred to you that each generation should respect the other, listen to the other and discuss problems with the other patiently?5. TravellingPeople who like travelling have their reasons. They maintain that travelling can help them expand their scope of knowledge, especially geographical and historical learning. They go on to point out that touring provides more chance for them to enjoy food and try on clothes, which otherwise would be impossible.Those who dislike travelling have their reasons, too. They would argue that travelling means a considerable amount of money and energy. For example, traffic and accommodation calls for money and walking while seeing sights often tires you.In practice, travelling does more good than harm. If your finance and health permit, you might as well do some travelling from time to time. It will at least enable you to get familiar with people and things that you may well grow to like and love.6. A Good FriendEveryone wants a friend who encourages the best in him. Such a friend shows he is interested in strengthening another. He can be counted on to give his support, and he will criticize, too, because he knows a person has to have feedback to grow and change.A good friend thinks carefully before he criticizes. He always asks himself whether his criticism is fair. He tries to find out all the facts involved in a situation because he knows how harmful inaccuracy can be.Kindness is also important to him. He wants to understand what the other person is feeling and respect those feelings. If a friend is both accurate and kind as a critic, everyone respects what he says. His criticism is something like love.7. AutomobilesAutomobiles, as the product of modern civilization, have been playing a vital part in the daily activities of human society. Industry needs automobiles for transportation. Agriculture needs automobiles for farming as well as transportation. Every day, automobiles drive people to or from work. At weekends, automobiles take families to joyful outings. And during travelling seasons, automobiles are all the more a common sight everywhere, even in remote areas. It can be said that the wheels of automobiles move human society forward.But automobiles have also given rise to a series of problems. For example, cities are overcrowded with automobiles. They make big noises and cause traffic accidents which disable or kill many people each year. Worst of all, perhaps, the air is polluted by the gases produced by automobiles. Some of the gases are poisonous and dangerous to health.Obviously, automobiles, like anything else, have more than one side. While they are so indispensable to mankind, they also bring us serious problems. It's only hoped that mankind, while making the most out of automobiles, will eventually findsatisfactory solutions to problems.8. The World Is Getting Smaller and SmallerMost of us may have such experiences: When you go to some place far away from the city where you live and think you know nobody there, you are surprised to find that you run into one of your old classmates on the street. Perhaps both of you would cry out, "What a small world!"Why is the world getting smaller and smaller? For one thing, faster and safer means of transport have greatly reduced distance. In the past it took people eight weeks to cross the Pacific Ocean, but now an air journey from Shanghai to New York only takes eight hours. For another, the quickening pace of modern society creates more opportunities for people to visit each other. For example, business activities and cultural exchange have brought peoples into constant contact with the world.So we may safely draw the conclusion that the more advanced a society and technology, the smaller the world will be.9. Make Our Cities GreenerIn recent years, while our industries and business have developed quickly, the number of tress in many big cities has dramatically reduced. Efforts are being made to prevent more trees from being fallen down, but it is of importance to realize the significance of making cities greener.Making cities greener has many advantages. First, it can make our air cleaner. Scientific research has proved that trees can reduce great amount of carbon in the atmosphere through absorption. Second, it can render our cities more beautiful. With trees and flowers everywhere, there is a pleasant feeling that we live in a beautiful garden. Finally, it can produce timber —an effective way to solve the problem of the limited supply of natural resources.Making our cities greener requires a nationwide effort. There should not only be a widespread awareness of its contribution to urban environment, but also a common action to plant more trees and preserve them from commercial use.10. HealthHealth is the foundation of one's future success. If you become sick, it is impossible for you to go on with your study or your work.. On the contrary, if you are strong, you can overcome the difficulties that lie ahead of you.How can you have good health? Firstly, you should do exercise every day to strengthen your bodies. Secondly, you should form some good habits, such as early rising. If you get up early, you can breathe fresh air. Thirdly, you should pay great attention to your health. If you are getting sick, you'd better go and see a doctor.In a word, nothing is more valuable than health. In good health, a student may absorb more knowledge and solve more complex problems. In good health, scientists can achieve more success and make more contributions.11. Advantages and Disadvantages of TelephoneTelephone is one of the most welcome and popular communication means. It is a great carrier of massages. Many people use it almost every day. I can hardly imagine how we would get on if we didn't have telephones.There are some advantages of telephones. The first is speed and the second is directness. If you want to get an immediate connection, it is obviously quicker to phone someone than to write a letter. If you want information, it is probable to get it directly by telephone. Another advantage is that telephone can give you a personal feeling. If you want to talk or get in contact with a friend or a relative, you feel much closer to them when you are talking to them on the telephone.However, telephones have some disadvantages. If you have a telephone at home, it often rings at an inconvenient time. It may ring when you are having a bath or when you are watching your favourite television program. Another disadvantage is that sometimes you might misunderstand what somebody is saying. If it is a matter of really important information, it is probably safer to have it in a letter than on telephone.12. Ways of Relaxing"All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy" is a popular saying in English. There is much truth in it. It means that in order to keep ourselves in good health, we must take sufficient recreations.Everyone has his own way of relaxing. For people who sit much of the time at work, cycling is said to be a capital meansfinest forms of exercise, too. For peopleengaged in outdoor work, reading is anexcellent change if suitable books are chosen.I like sports and enjoy participating inthem. My favourite sport is table-tennisbecause it brings the whole body into action.In fact, it doesn't matter whether I play a gameof ping-pang or concentrate on the bridgetable. It is important for me to relax from timeto time.13. The Way to SuccessEveryone tries to achieve success in his career. However, someone finally attains his goal while another fails. Why? The one continues his cause to the end through long periods of hard struggling, but the other is easily disappointed or stops halfway.Strong will, perseverance and diligence are the three essentials of success. A man of strong will and perseverance always has an inflexible spirit. He sticks to his cause no matter how tough it might be. Dr. Sun Yat-sen was such a man. Many of his attempts failed, but he held to his purpose with firmness and finally succeeded in overthrowing the Qing Dynasty. Diligence means steadiness in one's work and study. Su Qin stabbed himself in order to keep attentive to studies. Marx often worked 15 hours a day. Life is short and we have many things to do. Without diligence no one can achieve anything.I believe that where there is a will there is a way, and that success belongs to those who can suffer long years of patient toil and constant efforts.14. MoneyAs we all know, money is as important as air and water in the commercial world. Whatever we buy, wherever we go, we need money. Without it, there is nothing we can do, so to speak.However, we cannot take it for granted that money is everything. It has its negative effects, too. For example, some people may misuse money by gambling, drinking excessively or addicting themselves to drugs. Some others may even commit crimes in order to get much money.In my opinion, money itself is neither good nor bad. What counts lies in how to make good use of it. We need money in our daily life, but we should not be the slaves of money.15. Population of a Small Island StateDirections: Write a composition based on the following graph. The composition should be entitled "Population of a Small Island State."From the diagram, we can see that between 1900 and 1950, the population of the state remained a little less than 200,000. Since 1951 it has been increasing rapidly. In the past four decades, the population has gone up by over three times.There are several reasons for the increase. Firstly, the open policy being carried out in the state has enabled many foreign labourers to work there. Secondly, the beautiful scenery of the small island has attracted many tourists and some of them have been permitted to settle there. In addition, the government may not have realized the necessity of controlling population.If this trend continues, it is no doubt that the small state will suffer from various kinds of problems caused by over population, such as lack of land resources, food shortage and traffic congestion. Therefore, actions should be taken to controlthe increase of the population.。
小学生作文讲义稿——什么叫写清楚？
小学生作文讲义稿——什么叫写清楚？小学生作文中，记事、写人、记活动是最常见的三个内容。
其中，记事是基础，也是最重要的内容。
一般地说，一件事的过程是由起因、发生、发展和结果（其中发生、发展也叫经过）组成。
因此，要把一件事写具体，首先要把事情写清楚。
写清楚是写具体的先决条件。
什么叫写清楚？简单地说，就是按照事情的起因、发生、发展和结果，有条有理，层次分明地叙述明白。
如果是顺叙，其叙述的次序不能颠倒。
下面这篇记事的作文，就将事情写得很清楚。
例文一我第一次烧泡饭==============在家里，我是个独生女，只知道吃饭，从不会烧饭。
有一天，爸爸笑着对我说：你能不能自己学着烧一次饭？我说：烧就烧吧，烧饭还不容易！爸爸，你可别把人看扁了！于是，我决定下厨房，内容是烧一顿泡饭，冷饭里倒一点水，烧开就行了。
我模仿爸爸平时烧泡饭的样子，从碗橱里取出一口小锅，倒了些热水，往炉子上一放，再把炉门打开，在一边守着。
过了一会儿，水响了，我端起一碗冷饭就要往锅里倒，爸爸一把拦住我说：响水不开，等水滚了再倒下去!嘿，真没想到这么简单的事还有这么多的学问。
爸爸对我说：不要紧张嘛，这顿饭叫幼儿园的娃娃也会做。
很快，声音小了，蒸气扑扑地从盖子下面冒了出来。
我回头看了看爸爸，爸爸说：可以了。
于是，我赶紧打开锅盖，一股热气迎面扑来。
锅里的水上下翻腾着，咕嘟咕嘟地冒着水泡。
我心中突然感到一阵紧张，额头上的汗珠沿着面颊往下淌，端碗的手也不禁微微颤抖起来，没想到烧泡饭也会这么惊心动魄。
爸爸看出了我的心思说：怎么了？想临阵脱逃？哼，我才不逃呢！我一甩头，一咬牙，壮起胆子，把冷饭往锅里一倒，蓬的一声，开水溅了一地，我赶紧往后一退，差点被烫着。
泼在炉口上的水很快被烤干了。
于是，一切又都恢复了平静。
爸爸笑着点了点头，递给我一把饭勺，说：祝贺你，闯过了最困难的一关！再把饭搅和一下，完成任务啦！我把勺子伸进去搅了几下，爸爸帮我把锅子端了下来。
泡饭终于烧好了。
高考英语复习作文专项读后续写谋篇布局讲义
读后续写第一部分谋篇布局第一章情节素描第一节“负转正”的情节轮廓“矛盾（负）”决定了故事的起点：有了矛盾，人们才需要克服艰难险阻，应对天天灾人祸；有了冲突，人世间才会有悲欢离合。
没有矛盾，就没有精彩的故事可说。
读后续写本质上是一“故事续写”，也必然有矛盾。
“转折（转）”决定了高潮：故事的转折是为了解决之前的矛盾，是之前积累的矛盾、冲突、负面情绪的集中释放。
续写中转折有可能是题目已经写明或者给出了线索和方向，也有可能需要学生进行合理的想象，完整构建矛盾解决的过程。
这个转折决定了故事高潮的展开。
当然转折后矛盾也有可能暂未解决，抑或有新的矛盾出现。
“结局（正）”决定了故事的终点：“正能量”的结局，文章主题应该是积极的，结局也应该是积极的。
虽然不能说悲剧的结尾就一定消极，但是在处理的难度上，“happy ending”要比“bad ending”更易于传播正能量，弘扬真善美。
正向的结局决定了故事的终点。
注意1：正能量不等于皆大欢喜例1：“监守自盗”文章讲述了银行职员Jack,因妻子出车祸急需要手术费，而利用职权之便盗窃银行的故事。
文章写到他成功抢走一大袋钱之后，出现了续写的两个段落的首句。
Paragraph1：After Jack had been gone from the bank for a while, the alarms began to ring. Paragraph2：But the most unlucky man was the manager of the bank, an old man.不难发现，所给文章和两个段落的首句，其实都没有提示“Jack 会落网”。
但是我们需要一个正能量的结局，所以Jack 不能逍遥法外。
虽然设计结局让Jack 自首或者被捕，对于Jack 和他妻子来说不一定是好事，因此，正能量的结局不等于皆大欢喜。
注意2：结局不等于结尾除了正能量不等于皆大欢喜外，我们还要注意，故事的结局不等同于文章的结尾。
写景类作文讲义答题模板
写景类作文讲义答题模板
一、引言。
1. 作文的主题，写景类作文。
2. 作文的目的，通过写景，展现作者的情感和对自然的感悟。
3. 作文的结构，引言、主体、结尾。
二、主体。
1. 第一段，描写景色。
1）选择一个具体的场景，如春天的田野、夏天的河边、秋天的山林、冬天的雪地等。
2）描写景色的特点，如色彩、气息、声音、光影等。
3）展现作者的情感，如喜悦、感动、安宁等。
2. 第二段，描写细节。
1）选择一个细节进行描写，如一朵鲜花、一片树叶、
一滴露珠等。
2）描写细节的特点，如形态、质地、气味等。
3）展现作者的情感，如对细节的观察、对自然的赞美等。
3. 第三段，表达感悟。
1）总结所见所闻所感，如对自然的赞美、对生命的感悟、对人生的思考等。
2）展现作者的情感，如对自然的敬畏、对生命的热爱、对人生的向往等。
3）呼应作文的主题，通过写景，展现作者的情感和对
自然的感悟。
三、结尾。
1. 总结全文，再次强调作文的主题和目的。
2. 表达希望，希望读者也能通过写景，感受到美好的自然和生命。
3. 鼓励思考，鼓励读者多观察、多思考、多感悟，写出更多优美的景色作文。
四、全文总结。
1. 通过以上讲义，可以清晰地了解写景类作文的结构和要点。
2. 作文的主题和目的在全文中得到了充分的展现。
3. 通过写景，作者的情感和对自然的感悟得到了充分的表达。
4. 希望读者能够通过阅读此文，了解写景类作文的写作要领，也能够通过自己的观察和感悟，写出更多优美的景色作文。
小学作文课讲义
小学作文课讲义《有趣的小学作文课》嘿，同学们！你们觉得作文课咋样？是不是有时候觉得挺头疼，有时候又觉得挺好玩的？反正对我来说，作文课就像一场神秘的冒险！每次上作文课，老师都会带着一脸神秘的笑容走进教室，就好像她手里藏着什么宝贝似的。
然后她会大声说：“同学们，今天咱们又要开启作文的奇妙之旅啦！”这时候，教室里总是会有各种各样的反应。
有的同学兴奋得眼睛放光，好像迫不及待要大显身手；有的同学则愁眉苦脸，嘴里嘟囔着：“哎呀，又要写作文，真烦人！”我呢，心里总是七上八下的，不知道这次的作文题目是容易还是难。
有一次，老师出了一个题目叫“我的梦想”。
这可把大家的话匣子打开啦！同桌小明立刻拍着胸脯说：“我的梦想是当一名飞行员，在蓝天上自由翱翔，那多酷啊！”我听了忍不住问他：“那你不怕高吗？”他瞪大眼睛说：“怕啥高，为了梦想，啥都不怕！”坐在前面的小花也转过头来，满脸笑容地说：“我呀，我想当一名画家，把世界上所有美丽的风景都画下来。
”我笑着说：“那你可得好好练习画画哟！”大家你一言我一语，教室里热闹得像个菜市场。
老师看着我们，笑着说：“同学们，梦想就像一颗颗星星，闪闪发光。
现在，把你们的梦想写下来吧！”写作文的时候，我咬着笔头，想着自己的梦想。
我想当一名老师，像我们的老师一样，把知识传授给更多的小朋友。
想着想着，我就不停地写啊写，感觉有好多话要说。
还有一次，老师让我们写“我最喜欢的动物”。
这可把我乐坏了，因为我最喜欢小狗啦！我把我家小狗的样子、习性，还有和它一起玩耍的快乐时光都写了进去。
写的时候，我感觉小狗就在我身边蹦蹦跳跳的。
作文课也不总是一帆风顺的。
有时候，我会觉得没什么可写的，脑袋里就像一团乱麻。
这时候，我就会着急得像热锅上的蚂蚁，不停地问自己：“怎么办？怎么办？”不过，每次作文课结束，我都会有新的收获。
就像爬山一样，虽然过程中会累，会遇到困难，但是当你爬到山顶，看到美丽的风景时，一切都值得了。
我觉得啊，小学作文课就像一个魔法盒子，每次打开都能给我们带来不一样的惊喜和挑战。
第五部分：写事作文(一)讲义-2023年小升初语文写作技巧部编版
第五部分：记事作文（一）要点梳理记事作文的特点： 记事作文重点在于将记叙文的四要素或六要素时间、地点、人物、事件（事情的起因、经过、结果）叙述清楚。
记事的文章大致有两种写法，一种是只写“一件什么事”，另一种是写“活动”之类的。
对于小学生来说，只写一件事的难度要稍大一些，因为要把一件事的内容写得丰富，有些同学就会重复啰唆，平淡俗气。
写活动相对来说就要好写些，因为可抓住几个活动片段并列写好即可，但有些同学又会写得主次不分，重点不突出。
记事的作文离不开人物，所以写作时除抓住人物的语言、动作、神态和心理活动以及场面等细节的描写外，更重要的是将事情的起因、经过、结果的来龙去脉讲述清楚。
做任何事不都有个先后顺序吗只要我们按照事情的先后顺序，或时间的先后顺序，或活动场所的方位变化顺序等，把事情的起因、经过、结果写清楚，写出的作文自然条理清晰，层次分明。
（一）交代事情的时间、地点、人物、起因。
（二）事情的详细经过。
（写活动之类的可分几个并列的片段）（三）事情的结果。
记事作文的特点记事作文的顺序记事作文的开头方法文章的开头就是一篇文章的“凤头”，开头要简洁。
“万事开头难”，好的开头就是成功的一半。
字数一般控制在五十字左右。
（一）开门见山式在开头直接交代时间、地点、人物、事件的一种方法。
例如：昨天，我和妈去人民公园玩，在那里发生了一件不可思议的事。
——《我的发现》（二）引用式在开头部分引用名言、诗句、歌谣等，这种开头方法简单易掌握，虽然老套，但不俗套，适用于任何体裁的文章。
例如：我最喜欢的一句名言是“勿问成功的秘诀为何，且尽全力做你应该慢的事吧”————《我最喜欢的一句话》（三）设疑悬念式故设悬念，达到制造悬念，引起读者兴趣。
这种开头方法适用于内容新颖别致的文章。
例如：我是一个大错不犯，小错不断的孩子。
平常犯了错，爸爸妈妈、老师会念及我小，原谅我，所以我就没引起重视。
可上周二发生的一件事，我真得认为自己错了。
————《我错了》（四）写景式为文章布置环境，衬托气氛。
初中语文作文起步主题讲义之照应：前后呼应波澜生(1).doc
初中语文作文起步主题讲义之照应：前后呼应波澜生(1) 【起步讲义】俗语说前后呼应波澜生，写文章也要注意照应。
照应就是文章中在前后相应的部位上的观照、呼应，指的是在文章的某一个地方提到一个人、一件事、一种东西或一个问题，可以不作详细叙述，只作简单交代。
然后，在后面的适当地方，对于前面的伏笔加以点明或详述。
这一伏一应，形成了文章的前呼后应，使全文的内在线索伏而不露、明断暗续、结构严谨、脉络贯通，浑然一体。
照应大体上可分为三种类型。
１．题文照应。
这是指文章或全篇或部分与标题相照应。
题目常常被人们称为文章之眼，作品之窗。
文章内容或是借题发挥，或是紧紧围绕着题目所明示的人、事、景、物、情、理进行叙写、辨析、抒情。
题目与正文照应，犹如日月合璧。
２．首尾照应。
指文章的开头和结尾互相呼应。
或开头交代起因，结尾告知结果；或开头提出问题，结尾回答；或开头抒发情怀，结尾深化主题。
“开难起，结难收。
”一篇文章的精妙之处往往在于起笔和收笔。
３．前后照应。
它是指行文中上下文之间的互相呼唤和照应。
有了前后照应，前后内容的联系就会变得紧密，行文就会自然，文章就会结构严谨，脉络畅通。
一、题文照应以朱自清的散文名篇《背影》为例。
开篇点题：“我与父亲不相见已二年余了，我最不能忘记的是他的背影。
”篇中点题：车站送别中写道“……这时，我看见他的背影，我的泪很快地流下来了。
”当父亲与儿子告别之后，文章写道“等他的背影混入来来往往的人里，再找不着了，我便进来坐下，我的眼泪又来了。
”篇末点题：“在晶莹的泪光中，我又看见那肥胖的、青布棉袍黑布马褂的背影。
”文章首段开篇点题，使一种浓重的低沉的感情气氛笼罩了全文。
行文中的两次点题，作者对父亲的“背影”，从身形、穿着、动作几个方面作了细致具体的描绘，表现了父亲爱儿子的深厚感情，写父子的离情别绪，感人泪下。
文章篇末点题，“我”读父亲的来信，在泪光中再次浮现出父亲的背影，思念之情不能自已，与开头照应。
这样，文章标题的含义就十分明显了：“背影”刻下了父亲饱经忧患、半生潦倒的印记，“背影”表现出父亲对儿子的挚爱，“背影”是父亲留给儿子最深刻的印象。
习作《——让生活更美好》讲义 2024-2025学年统编版语文六年级上册第三单元作文
六年级作文《科技让生活更美好》一、题目解析1、核心主题：1.1科技：指的是科学技术，包括信息技术、通信技术、生物技术、新材料技术、新能源技术等广泛领域。
在现代社会中，科技已经渗透到我们生活的方方面面。
1.2生活：指的是人们的日常生活，包括衣食住行、教育、医疗、娱乐、工作等各个方面。
更美好：这是一个评价性的词语，要求学生分析科技如何使这些方面变得更加便捷、高效、舒适、安全等。
2、写作角度：2.1正面影响：题目已经限定了“更美好”这一积极评价，因此学生在写作时应重点突出科技带来的正面影响和改变。
2.2具体实例：为了增强文章的说服力和可读性，学生需要选取具体的生活实例来展示科技如何改善生活。
这些实例可以来自个人的亲身经历，也可以是广泛的社会现象。
2.3对比与展望：通过对比过去与现在的生活状态，可以更清晰地展现科技的进步对生活的积极影响。
同时，学生也可以适当展望未来，想象科技如何继续推动生活向更加美好的方向发展。
3、文章结构：3.1开头：可以简短介绍科技在现代社会中的重要性，引出“科技让生活更美好”的主题。
3.2正文：分点论述：将文章分为几个部分，每个部分集中论述科技在某一具体领域（如教育、医疗、出行、娱乐等）带来的积极影响。
实例支撑：在每个部分中，用具体的生活实例来支撑论点，使文章更加生动有说服力。
对比分析：通过对比过去与现在的情况，展现科技的进步和生活的改善。
3.4结尾：总结全文，强调科技对生活的积极影响，并可以适当展望未来，表达对未来科技生活的期待和憧憬。
4、注意事项：4.1保持积极态度：题目要求的是“更美好”，因此整个文章应保持积极向上的态度，避免过度批评或悲观情绪。
4.2客观真实：在选取实例和数据时，要确保其客观真实，避免夸大其词或编造事实。
4.3语言流畅：注意语言的流畅性和表达的清晰性，使读者能够轻松理解文章的主旨和论点。
二、审题要点1、明确主题：首要任务是准确理解题目中的“科技”和“让生活更美好”两个核心概念。
最新中考英语作文讲义 写作话题1：校园生活-(教师版)
◆2014 闵行一模-- A happy memory in my junior high school
◆2014 静安、青浦一模-- A suggestion letter to my dear school
◆2014 普陀二模-- The thing I’d like to do most after the entrance examination
10. teacher(1506) 11. thing(1513)
12. time(1546)
13. year(1713)
▲动词：
1. believe(146) 2. can(224) 3. feel(555) 4. have(659)
5.grow(673) 6. help(709) 7. love(896) 8. make(912)
★ 写( Write) 根据之前所讲写作步骤：作文题目一写作框架一添加素材一初稿，
作文题目 ① ② ③
初稿
写作框架 开篇 中间 结尾
即可进行如下书写步骤的拆解：
1. What changes have taken place in your school? 2. What do you think of these changes? 3. Conclusion. /Hope.
5.important(763) 6. long(889) ▲副词
1. everywhere(509) 2. much(980) 连接词及短语大搜罗
3. seriously(1346) 4. usually(1616)
▲表时间
when, while, as
▲表转折
but, yet, however
▲表因果
开放作文--高考精品班理科综合寒假特训班辅导《英语》第三章第一节讲义1
正保远程教育旗下品牌网站美国纽交所上市公司(NYSE:DL)中小学教育网高考精品班理科综合寒假特训班辅导《英语》第三章第一节讲义1开放作文特点、评分标准、写作思路、写作方法、基本类型特点:开放作文，是一种比情景作文限制较少的、留给考生自由发挥空间更多的考查考生书面表达能力的一种题型。
评分标准:文章是否扣题；内容是否充实、健康；思维是否活跃；逻辑是否清晰；语言是否规范；交际是否得体。
写作思路:1.确定情景；明确要求2.合理想象；自命主题3.量力而行；逻辑清晰4.自圆其说；规范语言写作方法:1.认真审题，即：审语境、审人称、审时态2.主次之分，详略得当；有细节支撑3.紧扣主题，符合要求，首尾呼应，使文章有一定的完整性。
4.力求内容新颖，符合逻辑5.思想健康，积极向上6.字数符合要求，不少于50字。
不要过多（罗嗦）或太少（意思不清），基本类型:1. 逻辑性思维：根据结果，给出原因例根据下面提供的情景，写一段接续文字。
You and your friend are in your room. He finds one of the windows is broken and says, “Your window is broken. What happened?” You tell him what happened. ____________ 【审题】人称：第一、第三人称时态：一般过去时写作内容：描述发生的事件Possible version:I guess it was all my fault. My mother was doing some reading by the window yesterday, and she asked me to get a book from the bookshelf for her. It was a hardcover and a little thick. I got the book and decided to throw it to her. But she missed it, and it broke the window.2. 聚集性思维1）根据语境陈述计划、打算例根据下面提供的情景，写一段接续文字，词数不少于50。
2023届新高考英语作文训练1讲义
申请信（2023·全国卷I改编）假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。
请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：1．写信目的；2．个人优势；3．能做的事情。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；1.请按如下格式在以下位置作答。
Dear Sir or Madam,（说明工作信息提出申请）I＇m a student taking summer courses in London now. Learning that volunteers are needed for the coming Chinese painting exhibition in先用现在分词作状语+被动句，说明信息内容，再用固定句式，表明自己your local art gallery, I can't wait to apply for the position.迫切的心情（详述个人优势和能做的事情）Firstly, my fluent English enables me to communicate smoothly with British painting lovers. Moreover, with a wide knowledge of Chinese painting, I can introduce the art form better. Better yet,利用介词短语说明自己的第二个优势I've participated in several similar activities, which equipped me with relevant experience. 非限制性定语从句+高级表达，说明相关工作经验（表达决心，期待回复）If accepted, I will spare no effort to introduce those省略句式简洁明了，再次为文章添彩paintings on display and answer questions patiently. I'd appreciate it if you could consider my application.Yours,Li Hua1 enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事2 spare no effort 不遗余力3 on display 展出假定你是李华，正在伦敦交流学习。
雅思写作之小作文(讲义1-2课)
机密雅思写作之小作文张家铭CHRISSelf-intro 张家铭Chris四级，考研，TOEFL ，SAT ，GRE ，IELTS ，GMAT.微博：@张家铭Chris微信：zjmxhxmm已接受雅思写作TASK 1TASK 2分数目标 6.5-7分范文分析The graph below shows average carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per person in the United Kingdom, Sweden, Italy and Portugal between 1967 and 2007. (C11T3W1)范文分析Living in a country where you have to speak a foreign language can cause serious social problems, as well as practical problems. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? (C13T1W2)It is clear that living in a foreign country has its own benefits and drawbacks to consider.I agree with this statement;however I think that anybody coming in another country should respect national culture.In this essay,I would like to outline the social and practical problems.The social problems would be language barrier,which means that a person coming from another country might not be able to speak and understand the language which might be a problem as far a person who is living in a country,and a person who came in the country.Another problem is linked to the language barrier,but it might influence the behaviour of others.An individual who come into the country might offend others with their behaviour or language.For example;some cultures like English people prefer to be very polite and say things differently from other cultures.Therefore,a person who doesn’t know how to behave in a particular culture might offend others around him.The practical problems would be misunderstanding of culture.That means that a person who visits other countries does not understand other culture and he behaves as he wants to.The second practical problem is finding a job.An individual who works in foreign country might not be appropriate for people who he serves.For example if an individual works in a restaurant,the people who live in a country and they were born in that country might not respect and not like the behaviour of a person who works in a restaurant,it might be because,the cultures are different.To summarise,it can be said that there are a lot of misconceptions which people have when they come in a foreign country,and in my opinion and from my personal experience people should educate themselves in order to know how to behave in different situations with different cultures.TASK 11.题型综述2.Task1的段落结构3.趋势的表达4.副词的写法5.常用短语的介绍Task 1 的六大题型题型考点与难点难度星级Pie chart Diversity of describing percentages **Bar chartCombination ****Line/curve chartTrends & classification ***TableHow to list statistics effectively ****diagramWriting sequence& imagination ****map Location/change *****Task1的段落结构1.Opening改写题目2.Body宏观描写：图标整体特征(main feature)微观描写：趋势，关键数值，对比等3.Ending/Conclusion明显特征：图中稳定的一些趋势、特征，极值隐藏特征：合理客观推理信息Opening一：换词：show:describe,illustrate,demonstrate proportion / percentageinformation / datanumber / figurecategories / kinds / types二.换句Opening 句型1As is shown / illustrated / demonstrated in the (1)图的类型，the (2)图的单位(number/amount/percentage/figure) of 图的主题(3)图的主要趋势(4)图的时间趋势：vary —动态图Differ —静态图(4)图的时间From...to...During...and...within...The graph below shows the difference modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city, in 1950,1970 and 1990.Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.You should write at least 150 words.As is shown in the (1)图的类型, the (2)图的单位of 图的主题(3)图的主要趋势(4)图的时间As is demonstrated in the bar chart, the percentage of travellers to and from work by different modes of transport in one European city varied dramatically from 1950 to 1990.句型2The _____ chart(s) illustrate(s) a clearpicture/overview/information of the characteristics and trends(differentiation/contrast) of _____ .The table below shows the kilometers of route,date opened and passengers per year of the underground railway system in 6 cities.▪The table illustrates the differentiation concerning the length of route, launching year and the annual capacity of the metro system in6 metropolises.句型3▪两图题▪The ____ graph describes data(趋势) about ___ whilst the ____ chart illustrates information about ________.The line graph describes data about water use worldwide while thetable illustrates information about consumption in two different countries –Brazil and Congo.▪剑6 Test 1▪The graph and table below give information about water use worldwide and water consumption in two different countries.Ending/Conclusion写1~2句结论:合理，客观即可1.明显特征：图中稳定的一些趋势、特征，极值2.隐藏特征：合理客观推理信息明显特征1.Overall, the graph shows how the consumption of chicken increased dramatically while the popularity of these other foods decreased over the period.2.what is worth mentioning is that before1989 beef was the most popular food and after that chicken became the most consumed meat.trend四种趋势：涨跌平波上涨下跌平稳波动increase decrease词语说明词语说明common words rise fallgrow declineclimb dropswell sinkPreferred words rocket90plummetsoar60slumpsurge45subsideboom30ebbascend20slidecreep up<10creep downSpecial words accrue小平涨abate小平跌leap大平涨plunge大平跌上升表达例1：意大利的工业产值增长了5%。
小学生作文讲义稿——中心思想要有新意
小学生作文讲义稿——中心思想要有新意文章要写得新，除了选材新，写法新，还要中心思想有新意。
怎样使中心思想有新意，对于小学生来说，又是一个难题。
我们知道，写好作文必须具备这样几个能力：观察能力（选材），语言表达能力（遣词造句），构思能力（对材料进行提炼、综合、加工和改造），思想表达能力（确立中心思想）。
这里，怎样使中心思想有新意，就涉及到了思想表达能力。
我们要善于观察生活，还要善于思考生活。
这思考生活，便是在锤炼思想表达能力。
而这一点往往被不少老师和同学所忽视，造成中心思想一般化、老一套、肤浅表面，因而缺少深刻性，缺乏新鲜感。
由于中心思想是一篇文章的灵魂、统帅，因此中心思想的一般化、老一套，必定使文章也流于平庸肤浅，难以成为具有深刻思想性的出类拔萃的佳作。
请看下面两篇同样题材的作文，由于中心思想的深与浅。
新与旧，其质量也明显地分出了高低。
例文一我的爸爸========由于社会上的人都穿着讲究起来，四十六岁的爸爸也越来越讲究穿着，人也显得越来越年轻，越来越精神了。
每天早上，洗头已经成了爸爸的习惯。
接着他照着镜子，呼呼地用起电吹风来。
不一会儿，一头原来就卷曲的黑发，顿时变得蓬松柔软。
爸爸又在头上抹上一层薄薄的美加净发乳。
然后他开始刮胡子。
随着剃须刀发出的嘶嘶声，爸爸的两颊被修得十分光滑。
他的皮鞋，总是乌黑发亮的。
爸爸还喜欢把衬衫的下部束在牛仔裤里。
说到牛仔裤，那是前不久他瞒着妈妈，独自到华亭路去买的。
那天，爸爸提着一个鼓鼓的塑料包，兴冲冲地来到奶奶房间，见奶奶和妈妈都不在，便开始试穿了。
他站在镜子前，左看右看，一会儿低下头，弯下腰仔细查看做工是否考究，一会儿又退后几步，瞅瞅穿着是否合身、漂亮。
恰恰这一切都被躲在门后吃吃发笑的我看见了。
啊，爸爸，穿着这条牛仔裤，还真像个年轻小伙子哩。
每当爸爸穿起西装来，那才叫神气呢！一次，爸爸的一位朋友结婚，请我们全家去参加婚礼。
这可把爸爸忙坏了。
他从橱里取出一套崭新的西装。
讲义：包君成作文范式班
包君成作文范式一：追逐梦想（凤头点题不能超过三行）当班里的同学“箪食壶浆以迎王师”之时，我确信/知道，为追逐梦想受过的伤、流过的泪，不再婉转凄切，而是呦呦鹿鸣。
【之前埋怨的汗与泪的苦涩/（自负地以为苦涩的汗与泪），现在品来都是甘甜的。
/在追逐梦想的路上又收获了一笔不小的财富。
有时候，重要的不是梦想的大小，而是在追逐梦想的路上收获的财富。
】转身、移动、跳投……每个动作都像跳跃的音符，连成了一曲奋进之歌，催促着我朝着梦想前行。
汗水从手背沁出，在烈日下仿若一颗颗晶莹的珍珠，而在那些珍珠里有我小小的梦想：成为学校篮球队的一员。
（困难出现）“就你那”豆芽菜”的身体，也想进篮球队？别痴人说梦啦！”那个仲夏夜，嘲笑声依然萦绕在耳畔，而我却暗暗告诉自己：梦想就在前方，努力追逐定能实现！（万能句式）那晚，借着皎洁的月光，我开始了第一次追逐梦想的努力。
带着兴奋激动，我捧着篮球，来到小区球场。
从这头跑到那头，一遍、两遍、三遍……任汗水浸湿衣裳，只知梦想就在前方。
（心理克服）“最无益，只怕一日曝，十日寒。
”我这样告诉自己，想要成为校篮球险的一员绝非易事，追逐梦想的过程需要一步一个脚印。
（生理克服）每天清晨，我在跑道上追逐着第一缕阳光；每日傍晚，我在操场上亲吻最后一抹夕阳。
我知道，优秀篮球运动员需要结实的身体。
跑步、俯卧撑、蛙跳……日复一日的锻炼，让我的体力渐渐增强。
我感动梦想又离我近了一步。
但是，良好的体力也仅仅是个基础，技术的提升更是关键。
每当校篮球队训练时，我就会悄悄地躲在一旁“偷学”。
但我并不气馁，因为我知道，生是水人实现不可能轻而易举，需要用心去追逐。
他们训练结束后，我总是激动地拿起篮球重复刚刚“偷学”到的技术。
从陌生到熟悉、从熟悉到巧用。
渐渐地每一个动作都深深地烙在了心里，原本调皮的篮球也变成了一匹被驯服的战马，跟随我在球场上驰骋。
夕阳的余晖渐渐消失在地平线，我满怀信心地等待着新一轮选拔寒的来临。
这一刻，我明白了，那是追逐梦想的力量。
备课材料人教版四年级上册语文第一单元作文讲义
备课材料人教版四年级上册语文第一单元作文讲义一：本次习作有什么要求吗？本次习作有三点要求：1、本次作文的类型属于哪一类（写景？记事？状物？想象作文？……）？2、该景物有哪些特点？3、可以按什么样的顺序写？二、确定自己要写的是哪里的景物？1、我想写的是：____________________________________________ ____________2、该景物的特点有：____________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ _________________________3、我准备采用的写作顺序是：__________________________________________1、什么是自然景观？从大的范围说，自然景观顾名思义就是自然的景色，比如美丽的海边，壮丽的瀑布等等，自然景观是只受到人类间接、轻微或偶尔影响而原有自然面貌未发生明显变化的景观，如极地、高山、大荒漠、大沼泽、热带雨林以及某些自然保护区等。
具体地说，名山大川都属于自然景观一类。
如东岳泰山、西岳华山、南岳衡山、北岳恒山、中岳嵩山，以及黄山，庐山、茅山、天山、燕山、五台山、昆仑山、喜马拉雅山，还有齐天大圣孙悟空的花果山……2、什么是旅游景点？我国是一个旅游大国，我们大陆上的名胜古迹可多了，北京的故宫、八达岭；南京的雨花台，中山陵；开封的铁塔、相国寺；西安的大雁塔和临潼兵马桶；名扬天下的嵩山少林寺；泰山的迎客松；旅游胜地的黄山；有胆才敢行的华山……都是人们想去的旅游景点。
如果你到这些地方旅游一番，然后描写一番，介绍给其他的小朋友，一定会让他们为我们的祖国感到骄傲。
3、什么是身边的景物？可以这样来理解，你身边的景物，就是你家乡的景物。
可以分成两类，一是自然景观，二是人文景观。
人为景观是指受到人类直接影响和长期作用使自然面貌发生明显变化的景观，如乡村、工矿、城镇等地区。
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作文讲座
第一讲画龙点睛精心拟题
知识要点：
1、标题是作文的眼睛。
如果文章拥有一双迷人的“眼睛”，读者对本文便会一见钟情。
2、“题好一半文”。
3、从内容上看，文章的题目要力求新颖脱俗，使人一见有为之一震的感觉。
4、从立意上看，要“求真求细”“量体裁衣”，力求让拟定的题目能概括文章的主要精神。
当堂练习：
[1—1]
一位小学老师要学生在方格本上写一个“a”字，要求把这个字写满。
结果有一个孩子写了一个大大的“a”字。
这个字几乎占满了全篇。
老师很生气，严厉地批评了他偷懒、胡闹。
根据上述材料，请同学们谈谈自己的看法，并把看法浓缩成论点型标题。
[1—2]
秋天，北京大学新学年开始了。
一个外地学生背着大包小包走进了校园。
实在太累了，他就把包都放在路边。
这是，正好一位老人迎面走过来，年轻学生走上去说：“您能不能替我看一下包呢？”老人爽快地答应了。
那位新生于是轻装地去办理各种入学手续。
一个多小时以后回来了，老人还尽职尽责地完成着自己的使命。
年轻学子谢过老人，两人各自走去。
几天之后，北大开学典礼，这位年轻学子惊讶地发现，主席台上就坐的北大副校长季羡林先生正是那一天替自己看行李的老人。
请根据上述材料，拟一个论点型标题。
佳作赏析
艾米的故事
“3”是一只小鱼的头骨。
我们可以看出，如果这只小鱼还没有死的话，那它应该是这样的“3”。
他是一只可爱的小鱼——和其他的小鱼一样，生活在大海里，他的名字就叫艾米。
艾米是一只可怜的小鱼——在他刚出生不久，父母就被大鲨鱼吃掉了，艾米从此成了孤儿。
艾米是一只淘气的小鱼——他是一个没有父母管教的野孩子，经常搞一些恶作剧，所以从来没有人和他交朋友，与他做邻居的小鱼们都躲着他，陪伴他的只有父母留给他的一个玩具：一只面目狰狞的面具。
艾米又是一只生存能力很强的小鱼——虽然没有父母，但是他自信而乐观，把自己照顾得很好。
这天，艾米正在家里睡觉，忽然听到一阵笑声。
他从床上一跃而起，趴在窗户上往外面看去，原来是邻居家的小鱼们在玩耍。
他很想参加，但他又知道小鱼
们是不会理睬自己的。
所以，他只好就这样趴着，看着。
忽然，他看到一个阴影正悄悄地潜来——是鲨鱼。
喊叫已经来不及了，艾米随手抓起了面具戴在头上，就冲了出去。
说时迟，那时快，大鲨鱼冲着浑身发抖的小鱼们张开了血盆大口——满嘴的白牙闪闪发亮。
艾米尾巴一甩，冲到了鲨鱼的前面。
大鲨鱼被吓了一跳。
可他毕竟没有把这个小东西放在眼里，张开嘴就咬了下来。
艾米灵巧地一摆尾巴，游到了鲨鱼的身后，鲨鱼刚回头冲向艾米，艾米又藏到了鲨鱼的身后。
就这样反反复复几十个来回，艾米已经气喘吁吁了，而鲨鱼也由于转圈太多，脑充血而死了。
这时，在一边的小鱼们才楞过神来。
他们一起举起艾米，把艾米向高处抛了又抛，口中还欢呼着：“带面具的小鱼，好样的，艾米，好样的……”
就这样，艾米成了村里的英雄。
孩子们都把他看成是自己的偶像，大鱼们轮流把艾米请到自己家里去吃饭。
他们想起艾米的父母，感到自己也有教育这个孩子的责任，于是大家商议把艾米送进了学校，让他和其他小鱼们一样在学校里快乐地成长。
可没多久，海面上来了一个巨大的机器，不时地还从机器中撒出鱼网，每天这个机器都在隆隆作响，每天都有邻村的鱼们被大网捕走的消息传来，每天“鱼民”们都提心吊胆地生活着，再也没有人敢轻易出门，学校也早已经关了门。
艾米又一个人孤零零地呆在家里了。
不幸的事情终于发生了。
小鱼豆豆一家被大网捕住了。
现在这个大网正被机器拉向水面。
“要救豆豆一家，只有一个办法——在大网出水面之前，割开鱼网……”一只大鱼说。
可是谁敢呢？大家你看我，我看你，谁都怕被大网捉住。
就在这时，艾米从鱼群之中冲了出去。
他嘴里叼着一块锋利的石头，用力割开了鱼网，而他的嘴角也被石头割破，流着鲜红的血。
豆豆一家游了出来，可是豆豆的奶奶年纪太大了，还留在网里。
眼看鱼网就要浮出水面了，时间已经不多了。
在这生死关头，艾米毫不犹豫地钻进了鱼网，用力把豆豆的奶奶推了出来。
而他自己却永远地留在了网里。
鱼儿们望着海面，全都伤心地流下了眼泪。
几天后，海面上漂来了艾米的头——“3”。
“鱼民”们为了纪念艾米，决定永久地保留这个头骨。
如果你有机会到艾米的家乡，你一定能够听到“鱼民”们给你讲这个英雄的孩子的故事；你还可以看到在艾米的头骨旁边摆放着他最心爱的东西——那个面具。
【评点】
人的想象力是如何丧失的
今天，天气晴朗，阳光明媚，微风轻轻吹过，吻着行人的脸，带来一丝融融的暖意。
高级IQ课题研究小组准备做一次关于人的想象力的采访活动。
他们出了这样一个简单的题目：根据“3”这个图形进行想象。
于是，待一切准备好之后，他们出发了。
一幼儿园
他们的第一站是育红幼儿园。
在幼儿园老师的带领下，他们来到了一个据说是全幼儿园最聪明、最活泼的班。
刚一进去，面对着一张张可爱的笑脸，立刻给人一种天真无邪的感觉，仿
佛又回到了美好的童年。
采访开始了，这些小家伙好象一点也不紧张，仍旧调皮，活泼，对着摄象机镜头不停地做鬼脸，在镜头前跑来跑去。
研究组的小红几番周折才“逮”住了一个扎着漂亮头结的小姑娘，拿着图案问她：“小妹妹，你看这个像什么？”小姑娘看了一眼，稚气十足地说：“它像妈妈给我买的发卡，可好看了……”她们的谈话吸引了不少的小朋友，他们七嘴八舌地叫着、嚷着：“像一条小鱼。
”“像一个毛毛虫。
”“像一个好玩的玩具。
”有一个胖乎乎的小男骇大声地叫着：“像麦当劳！像麦当劳！麦当劳可好吃了。
我特爱吃……”
看来，这些孩子还真是无忧无虑，想到的不是吃的就是玩的……
二小学
第二站大家来到了小学。
因为是下课时间，所以采访小组一进学校，就被小学生们围住了。
于是，小红来了个直截了当，拿出图案赶紧发问：“同学们，你们看它像个什么？”同学们纷纷议论，有的说这是一条弯弯曲曲的小河，并因此而想到了环境污染的问题；有的说像一条飞舞的彩带，想到了人生的丰富多彩；还有的说是道路上一个转弯处的标志，他们议论纷纷，思维似乎比幼儿园的小朋友又开阔了许多。
三中学
接下来他们来到了一所中学进行采访。
在中学采访结果很令人失望。
老师把同学们组织在教室里，同学们拿出答题纸，小红把图案拿出来，大家对“3”的图案看了又看，并把答案写在了纸上。
大家观察到有的同学似乎很不在意，只是随手写了几下就又埋头做题了；有的同学在交头接耳，探听别人的答案；还有的同学眼睛盯着老师，在等待老师讲解答案。
答卷交上来了，大家发现中学生的想象开始被拘束了。
同学们大多想象“3”只是数字3或者是一个运算符号，即使是有个别其他的答案也大多局限于学习方面。
四机关
最后一站，他们决定到机关去采访机关干部。
摄象机前，干部们面面相觑，科员望着科长，科长望着处长，处长又望着局长。
局长考虑了半天，支支吾吾地说：“对不起，事前未打招呼，不便回答。
”
后来，小组经过讨论，决定这次采访活动的题目就叫：人的想象力是如何丧失的。
【评点】
当堂作文题：
现实生活中有各种各样的“网”：人情网、关系网、知识网、校园网、电信网、互联网……人们无不在网间学会生存，不少同学还学会了利用网络资源自主学习。
请你结合自己的生活体验，一“网”为题，写一篇不少于600字的记叙文，要求内容健康，有真情实感。