上海市宝山区2013届高三上学期期末考试英语试题 Word版含答案
2013年上海市高考英语试卷（阅读理解部分）
【易百教育】Aim high; You can fly!2013暑假年级英语2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（上海卷）III. Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in the wo or phrase that best fits the context. Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up their markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is: Is economic globalization ___50___ for all? According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce ___51___ in a large number number of of of developing developing developing countries. countries. countries. In In In quotes quotes quotes one one one study study study that that that shows shows shows increased increased increased wealth wealth wealth ___52___ ___52___ ___52___ to to to improved improved improved education education education and and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home Home to to to some some some three three three billion billion billion people, people, people, these these these twenty-four twenty-four twenty-four countries countries countries have have have seen seen seen incomes incomes incomes ___53___ ___53___ ___53___ at at at an an an average average average rate rate rate of of of five five percent --- compared to two percent in developed countires. Those who ___54___ globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. ___55___, small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in ___56___ open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet. Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually ___57___ the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only only a a a few few few developing developing developing countries countries countries have have have actually actually actually ___58___ ___58___ ___58___ from from from integration integration integration into into into the the the world world world economy economy economy and and and that that that the the the poor, poor, poor, the the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. ___59___, they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to ___60___ their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of ___61___.When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to ___62___ and will be crowded out. One thing is certain about globalization --- there is no ___63___. Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The ___64___ now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all. 50.50.A A . possible B. smooth C. good D. easy 51.51.A A . crime B. poverty C. conflict D. population 52.52.A A . contributing B. responding C. turning D. owing 53.53.A A . remain B. drop C. shift D. increase 54.54.A A . doubt B. define C. advocate D. ignore 55.55.A A . In addition B. For instance C. In other words D. All in all 56.56.A A . mature B. new C. local D. foreign 57.57.A A . finding B. exploring C. bridging D. widening 58.58.A A . suffered B. profited C. learned D. withdrawn 59.59.A A . Furthermore B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise 60.60.A A . consume B. deliver C. export D. advertise 61.61.A A . trouble B. business C. power D. mind 【易百教育】Aim high; You can fly! 2013暑假 年级 英语62. A . keep up B. come in C. go around D. help out 63. A . taking off B. getting along C. holding out D. turning back 64. A . agreement B. prediction C. outcome D. challenge Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one that fits best according to the information giventhe passage you have just read. (A)For some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.amusic.”” People who are amusic amusic are are are born born born without without without the the the ability ability ability to to to recognize recognize recognize or or or reproduce reproduce reproduce musical musical notes (音调). ). Amusic Amusic Amusic people people people often often often cannot cannot cannot tell tell tell the the difference difference between between between two two two songs. songs. songs. Amusics Amusics Amusics can can can only only only hear hear hear the the the difference difference difference between between between two two two notes notes notes if if they they are are are very very very far far far apart apart apart on on on the the musical scale. As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hittineach other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music sets them apart from others. It can be difficult foother people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Ju going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. “I used to hate parties,” says says Margaret, Margaret, Margaret, a a a seventy-year-old seventy-year-old seventy-year-old woman woman woman who who who only only only recently recently recently discovered discovered discovered that that that she she she was was was amusic. amusic. amusic. By By By studying studying studying people people people like like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition. Scientists Scientists say say say that that that the the the brains brains brains of of of amusics amusics amusics are are are different different different from from from the the the brains brains brains of of of people people people who who who can can can appreciate appreciate appreciate music. music. music. The The difference difference is is is complex, complex, complex, and and and it it it doesn doesn doesn‟‟t t involve involve defective hearing . . Amusics Amusics Amusics can can can understand understand understand other other other nonmusical nonmusical nonmusical sounds sounds sounds well. well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can ‟t see certain colors. Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for to explain. “When people invite m e to a concert, me to a concert, I just say, …No, thanks, I ‟m amusic,‟”‟”‟” says Margaret. says Margaret. “I just wish wish I had I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”65. W hich of the following is true of amusics? A. Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them. B. They love places where they are likely to hear music. C. They can easily tell two different songs apart. D. Their situation is well understood by musicians. 66. A ccording to paragraph 3, a person with “defective hearing ” is probably one who ________. A. dislikes listening to speeches B. can hear anything nonmusical C. has a hearing problem D. lacks a complex hearing system 67. I n the last paragraph, Margaret expressed her wish that _________. A. her problem with music had been diagnosed earlier B. she were seventeen years old rather than seventy C. her problem could be easily explained D. she were able to meet other amusics 【易百教育】Aim high; You can fly! 2013暑假 年级 英语68. W hat is the passage mainly concerned with? A. Amusics ‟ strange behaviours. B. Some people ‟s inability to enjoy music C. Musical talent and brain structure D. Identification and treatment of amusics. (B)69. A ccording to W arranty Warranty Limitations, a product can be under warranty if ________. A. shipped from a Canadian factory B. rented for home use C. repaired by the user himself D. used in the U.S.A. 70. A ccording to O wner Owner ’s Responsibilities , an owner has to pay for _________. A. the loss of the sales receipt B. a servicer ‟s overtime work C. the product installation D. a mechanic ‟s transportation 71. W hich of the following is true according to the warranty? A. Consequential damages are excluded across America. B. A product damaged in a natural disaster is covered by the warranty. C. A faulty cabinet due to rust can be replaced free in the second year. D. Free repair is available for a product used improperly in the first year. (C)A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical flyhas become a platform for a series of new high-tech systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks. “It It‟‟s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individua Home Laundry Automatic Dryer Product Full Two Year Warranty (保修) Limited Five Year Warranty on Cabinet (机箱) Warranty Provides for:FIRST TWO YEARS Amana will repair or replace any faulty part free of charge. THIRD THRU FIFTH YEARS Amana will provide a free replacement part for any cabinet which proves faulty due to rust (生锈). Warranty Limitations:l Warranty begins at date of original purchases. l Applies only to product used within the United States or in Canada if product is approved by Canadian Standards Association when shipped from factory. l Products used on a commercial or rental basis are not covered by this warranty. l Service must be performed by an Amana servicer. l Adjustments covered during first year only. Warranty Does Not Cover It If:l Product has damage due to product alteration, connection to an improper electrical supply, shipping and handling, accident, fire, floods, lightning or other conditions beyond the control of Amana. l Product is improperly installed or applied. Owner ’s Responsibilities: l Provide sales receipt. l Normal care and maintenance. l Having the product reasonably accessible for service. l Pay for service calls related to product installation or usage instructions. l Pay Pay for for for extra extra extra service service service costs, costs, costs, over over over normal normal normal service service charges, if servicer is requested to perform service outside servicer ‟s normal business hours. In no event shall Amana be responsible for consequential damages.＊ ＊This This warranty warranty warranty gives gives gives you you you specific specific specific legal legal legal rights, rights, rights, and and you you may may may have have have others others others which which which vary vary vary from from from state state state to to to state. state. For example, some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of consequential damages, so this exclusion may not apply to you. 【易百教育】Aim high; You can fly! 2013暑假 年级 英语components (元件),),”” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on own,own,”” he said. They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but them has to be matched well to everything it ‟s connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured. While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers ‟ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said. Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation computation technologies technologies technologies on on on board board board could could could have have have much much much broader broader broader applications. applications. applications. ““ou Y ou can can can start start start thinking thinking thinking about about about using using using them them them to to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots robots instead,instead,instead,”” he he said. said. said. ““So So there there there are are are a a a lot lot lot of of of technologies technologies technologies and and and open open open interesting interesting interesting scientific scientific scientific questions questions questions that that that are are are really really really what what drives us on a day-to-day basis.”72. T he difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that _________. A. they had no model in their mind B. they did not have sufficient time C. they had no ready-made components D. they could not assemble the components 73. I t can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly _________. A. consists of a flight device and a control system B. can just fly in limited areas at the present time C. can collect information from many sources D. has been put into wide application 74. W hich of the following can be learned from the passage? A. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects. B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments. C. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly. D. Wood ‟s design can replace animals in some experiments. 75. W hich of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Father of Robotic Fly B. Inspiration from Engineering Science C. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life Insect D. Harvard Breaks Through in Insect Study Section CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need. 76. The use of health supplements such as multivitamin tablets has increased greatly in the western world. People take these A. Healthy way of life giving way to overuse of medicine B. Different findings as to taking additional vitamin C. EU ‟s response to overuse of health products D. Worrying increase in multivitamin advertising E. EU directive for the benefit of individuals F. EU directive against prediction in novels 【易百教育】Aim high; You can fly! 2013暑假 年级 英语supplements because advertising suggests that they prevent a range of medical conditions from developing. However, there is concern that people are consuming worryingly high doses of these supplements and the European Union(EU) has issued a directive that will ban the sale of a wide range of them. This EU directive should be supported. 77. Research suggests that people who take Vitamin C supplements of over 500 milligrams a day are more likely to developcancer. cancer. This This This shows shows shows how how how much much much damage damage damage these these these health health health supplements supplements supplements do do do to to to people‟people‟s s health. health. health. A A A spokesman spokesman spokesman for for for the the the health health supplement industry has argued that other research shows that Vitamin C supplements help prevent heart disease, but we can dismiss this evidence as it is from a biased source. 78. Science fiction of the 1960s and 1970s predicted that pills would replace meals as the way in which people would ge the the fuel fuel fuel they they they needed. needed. needed. This, This, This, it it it was was was argued, argued, argued, would would would mean mean mean a a a more more more efficient efficient efficient use use use of of of time time time as as as people people people would would wouldn‟n‟t t have have have to to to waste waste waste it it preparing or eating meals. The EU directive would help prevent this nightmare of pills replacing food becoming a reality. 79. People already take too many pills instead of adopting a healthier lifestyle. For example, the consumption of painkillers in Britain in 1998 was 21 tablets per year for every man, woman and child in the country. People do not need all these pills80. Some Some might might might argue argue argue that that that the the the EU EU EU directive directive directive denies denies denies people people people‟‟s s right right right to to to freedom freedom freedom of of of choice. choice. choice. However, However, However, there there there are are are many many many legal legal examples for such intervention when it is in the individual ‟s best interests. We now make people wear seatbelts rather than allowing them to choose to do so. Opposing the EU directive would mean beneficial measures like this would be threatened. Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. A A study study study of of of more more more than than than five five five million million million books, books, books, both both both fiction fiction fiction and and and non-fiction, non-fiction, non-fiction, has has has found found found a a a marked marked marked decline decline decline in in in the the the use use use of of emotional words over time. The researchers from the University of Bristol used Google Ngram Viewer, a facility for finding the the frequency frequency frequency of of of terms terms terms in in in scanned scanned scanned books, books, books, to to to search search search for for for more more more than than than 600 600 600 particular particular particular words words words identified identified identified as as as representing representing representing anger, anger, dislike, fear, joy, sadness and surprise. They They found found found that that that almost almost almost all all all of of of the the the categories(categories(类别) ) showed showed showed a a a drop drop drop in in in these these these ““mood mood words words words”” over over time. time. time. Only Only Only in in in the the category of fear was there an increase in usage. “It is a steady and continuous decrease,” said Dr. Alberto Acerbi. He assumed that the result might be explained by a change in the position occupied by literature, in a crowded media landscape. “One thing could be that in parallel to books the 20th century saw the start of other media. Maybe these media --- movies, radio, drama --- had more emotional content than books.books.””Although both joy and sadness followed the general downwards trend, the research, published in the journal PLOS One , found found that that that they they they also also also exhibited exhibited exhibited another another another interesting interesting interesting behaviour: behaviour: behaviour: the the ratio (比率) ) between between between the the the two two two varied varied varied greatly, greatly, greatly, apparently apparently mirroring historical events. During the Roaring Twenties the joy-to-sadness ratio reached a peak that would not occur again until before the recent financial crash. But the ratio plunged at the height of the Second World War. Nevertheless, the researchers held a reserved opinion about their claim that their result reflected wider social trends. In the paper, they even argue that the reverse could b true. “It has been suggested, for example, that it was the suppression (压抑) of desire in ordinary Elizabethan English life that increased demand for writing …filled with romance and sex ‟ ... perhaps,” they conclude, “songs and books may not reflect the real population any more than catwalk models reflect the average body.” (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 81. A study of more than five million books indicated a decline in “mood words ” over time except ____________. 【易百教育】Aim high; You can fly!2013暑假年级英语“mood words” in books may be that _____________. 82.According to Dr. Alberto Acerbi, one reason for the drop of 83.What were the two periods when the joy-to-sadness ratio was at its highest? “mood words” in books, they were not sure ___________. 84.While the researchers found some change in the use of 。
2013年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海试卷
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷第Ⅰ卷（共105分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A basketball player. B. A laundry worker.C. A window washer.D. A rock climber2. A. She is not hungry. B. She wants to cook.C. She is not tired.D. She wants to dine out.3. A. Promising B. IsolatedC. CrowdedD. Modern4. A. To a stationery shop. B. To a gymnasium.C. To a paint store.D. To a news stand.5. A. The man can see a different view. B. The food is not tasty enough.C. The man cannot afford the food.D. The food is worth the price.6. A. She reads different kinds of books. B. She also finds the book difficult to read.C. She is impressed by the characters.D. She knows well how to remember names.7. A. The man will go to the post office. B. The post office is closed for the day.C. The woman is expecting the newspaper.D. The delivery boy has been dismissed.8. A. She is not sure if she can join them. B. She will skip the class to see the film.C. She will ask the professor for leave.D. She does not want to see a film.9. A. Fashion designing is a booming business.B. School learning is a must for fashion designers.C. He hopes to attend a good fashion school.D. The woman should become a fashion designer.10. A. Few people drive within the speed limit. B. Drivers usually obey traffic rules.C. The speed limit is really reasonable.D. The police stop most drivers for speedingSection BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A book publisher. B. A company manager.C. A magazine editor.D. A school principal.12. A. Some training experience. B. A happy family.C. Russian assistants' help.D. A good memory.13. A. Lynn’s devotion to the family.B. Lynn’s busy and successful life.C. Lynn’s great performance at work.D. Lynn’s efficiency in conducting programs.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Economic questions. B. Routine questions.C. Academic questions.D. Challenging questions.15. A. Work experience. B. Educational qualifications.C. Problem-solving abilities.D. Information-gathering abilities.16. A. Features of different types of interview. B. Skills in asking interview questions.C. Changes in three interview models.D. Suggestions for different job interviews.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. answer that best completes the25. — I’m looking for a nearby place for my holiday. Any good idea?— How about the Moon Lake? It is ______ easy reach of the city.A. byB. beyondC. withinD. from26. Those who smoke heavily should remind ______ of health, the bad smell and the feelings ofother people.A. theirsB. them c themselves D. oneself27. Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn’t enter the house, for he ______ his key at school.A. had leftB. would leaveC. was leavingD. has left28. I t’s a ______ clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.A. charming French smallB. French small charmingC. small French charmingD. charming small French29. The school board is made up of parents who ______ to make decisions about school affairs.A. had been electedB. had electedC. have been electedD. have elected30. They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, ______ they might have.A. however difficultB. how difficultC. whatever difficultyD. what difficulty31. The judge gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really ______.A. to be worriedB. to worryC. having worriedD. worried32. The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ______ society of real-lifeexperience.A. exploreB. to exploreC. exploringD. explored33. I have no idea ______ the cell phone isn’t working, so could you fix it for me?A. whatB. whyC. ifD. which34. Young people may risk ______ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone35. Sophia got an e-mail ______ her credit card account number.A. asking forB. ask forC. asked forD. having asked for36. I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise ______ I am sitting.A. beforeB. untilC. unlessD. where37. ______ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading isabout.A. To lookB. LookingC. Having lookedD. Look38. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ______ interact with oneanother.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. what39. Among the crises that face humans ______ the lack of natural resources.A. isB. areC. is thereD. are there40. Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in ______they are wearing.A. thatB. whatC. howD. which Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.As infants, we can recognize our mothers within hours of birth. In fact, we can recognize the __41__ of our mother’s face well before we can r ecognize her body shape. I t’s __42__ how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age, especially since we don’t lea rn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to __43__ such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood, but research around the world has begun to define the specific areas of the bland and processes __44__ for facial recognition.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in __45__ a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area (FFA), which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of familiar objects such our clothes or cars, is from__46__ in the brain. Researchers also have found the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been __47__ thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile, research at University College London has found that facial recognition is not a single process, but __48__ involves three steps. The first step appears to be an analysis of the physical features of a person’s face, which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step, the brain decides whether the face we are looking at is already known or unknown to us. And finally, the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person whose face we are looking at. This complex __49__ is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations.ⅢReading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up their markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is: Is economic globalization __50__ for all?According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce __51__ in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth __52__ to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration（融合）of local economies into the world economy. Home some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes __53__ at an average rate of five percent—compared to two percent in developed countries.Those who __54__ globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. __55__, small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in __56__ open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually __57__ the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually __58__ from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. __59__, they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to __60__ their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of __61__. When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to __62__ and will be crowded out.One thing is certain about Globalization —there is no __63__. Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The __64__ now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all.50. A. possible B. smooth C. good D easy51. A. crime B. poverty C. conflict D. population52. A. contributing B. responding C. turning D owing53. A. remain B. drop C. shift D. increase54. A. doubt B. define C advocate D. ignore55. A. In addition B. For instance C. in other words D. All in all56. A. mature B. new C. local D. foreign57. A. finding B. exploring C. bridging D. widening58. A. suffered B. profited C. learned D. withdrawn59. A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise60. A. consume B. deliver C. export D. advertise61. A. trouble B. business C power D. mind62. A. keep up B. come in C. go around D. help out63. A. taking off B. getting alone C. holding out D. turning back64. A. agreement B. prediction C. outcome D. challengeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is Followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)For some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.” People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes（音调）. Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are far apart on the musical scale.As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their ability to enjoy music sets them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. “I used to hate parties,” says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition.Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesn’t involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colors.Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed(诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert I just say, ‘No thanks. I’m amusic,’” says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”65. Which of the following is true of amusics?A. Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.B. They love places where they are likely to hear music.C. They can easily tell two different songs apart.D. Their situation is well understood by musicians.66. According to paragraph 3, a person with “defective hearing” is probably one who ______.A. dislikes listening to speechesB. can hear anything nonmusicalC. has a bearing problemD. lacks a complex hearing system67. In the last paragraph, Margaret expressed her wish that ______.A. her problem with music had been diagnosed earlierB. she were seventeen years old rather than seventyC. her problem could be easily explainedD. she were able to meet other amusics68. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. Amusics’ strange behaviours.B. Some people’s inability to enjoy music.C. Musical talent and brain structure.D. Identification and treatment of amusics.69. According to Warranty Limitations, a product can be under warranty if ______.A. shipped from a Canadian factorB. rented for home useC. repaired by the user himselfD. used in the U.S.A.70. According to Owner’s Responsibilities, an owner has to pay for ______.A. the loss of the sales receiptB. a servicer’s overtime workC. the product installationD. a mechanic's transportation71. Which of the following is true according to the warranty?A. Consequential damages are excluded across America.B. A product damaged in a natural disaster is covered by the warranty.C. A faulty cabinet due to rust can be replaced free in the second year.D. Free repair is available for a product used improperly in the first year.(C)A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.“It’s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件), ” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s connected to,”said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis.”72. The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that ________.A. they had no model in their mindB. they did not have sufficient timeC. they had no ready-made componentsD. they could not assemble the components73. It can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly_________.A. consists of a flight device and a control systemB. can just fly in limited areas at the present timeC. can collect information from many sourcesD. has been put into wide application74. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.C. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.D. Wood’s design can replace animals in some experiments.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Father of Robotic FlyB. Inspiration from Engineering ScienceC. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life InsectD. Harvard Breaks Through in Insect StudySection CDirections:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.such as multivitamin tablets has increased greatly in the western world. People take these supplements because advertising suggests that they prevent a range of medical conditions from developing. However, there is concern that people are consuming worryingly high doses of these supplements and the European Union (EU) has issued a directive that will ban the sale of a wide range of them. This EU directive should be supported.Research suggests that people who take Vitamin C supplements of over 5000 milligrams a day are more likely to develop cancer. This shows how much damage these health supplements do to people’s health. A spokesman for the health supplement industry has argued that other research shows that Vitamin C supplements help prevent heart disease, but we can dismiss this evidence as it is from a biased source.Science fiction of the 1960s and 1970s predicted that pills would replace meals as the way in which people would get the fuel they needed. This, it was argued, would mean a more efficient useof time as people wouldn’t have to waste it preparing or eating meals. The EU directive would help prevent this nightmare of pills replacing food becoming a reality.consumption of painkillers in Britain in 1998 was 21 tablets per year for every man, woman and child in the country. People do not need all these pills.Some might argue that the EU directive denies people’s right to freedom of choice. However, there are many legal examples for such intervention when it is in the individual’s best interests. We now make people wear seatbelts rather than allowing them to choose to do so. Opposing the EU directive would mean beneficial measures like this would be threatened.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.A study of more than five million books, both fiction and non-fiction, has found a marked decline in the use of emotional words over time. The researchers from the University of Bristol used Google Ngram Viewer, a facility for finding the frequency of terms in scanned books, to search for more than 600 particular words identified as representing anger, dislike, fear, joy, sadness and surprise.They found that almost all of the categories(类别) showed a drop in these “mood words”over time. Only in the category of fear was there an increase in usage.“It is a steady and continuous decrease,” said Dr. Alberto Acerbi. He assumed that the result might be explained by a change in the position occupied by literature, in a crowded media landscape. “One thing could be that in parallel to books the 20th century saw the start of other media. Maybe these media- movies, radio, drama —had more emotional content than books.”Although both joy and sadness followed the general downwards trend, the research, published in the journal PLOS One, found that they also exhibited another interesting behaviour: the ratio(比率) between the two varied greatly, apparently mirroring historical events.During the Roaring Twenties the joy-to-sadness ratio reached a peak that would not occur again until before the recent financial crash. But the ratio plunged at the height of the Second World War. Nevertheless, the researchers held a reserved opinion about their claim that their result reflected wider social trade. In the paper, they even prove that the reverse could be true.“It has been suggested, for example that it was suppression(压抑) of desire in ordinary Elizabethan English life that increased demand for writing ‘filled with romance and sex’…perhaps,”they conclude, “songs and books may not reflect the real population any more than catwalk models reflect the average body.”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statement in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. A study of more than five million books indicated a decline in “mood words” over time except____________.82. According to Dr. Alberto Acerbi, one reason for the drop of “mood words” in books may bethat __________.83. What were the two periods when the joy-to-sadness ratio was at its highest?84. While the researchers found some changes in the use of “mood words” in books, they were notsure that __________.第Ⅱ卷（共45分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 今年元旦我们玩得很开心。
2013年上海高考英语真题及答案
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语II. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. — I?m looking for a nearby place for my holiday. Any good ideas?— How about the Moon Lake? It is ________ easy reach of the city.A. byB. beyondC. withinD. from26. Those who smoke heavily should remind ________ of health, the bad smell and the feelings of otherpeople.A. theirsB. themC. themselvesD. oneself27. Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn?t enter the house, for he ________ his key at school.A. had leftB. would leaveC. was leavingD. has left28. It?s a ________ clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.A. charming French smallB. French small charmingC. small French charmingD. charming small French29. The school board is made up of parents who ________ to make decisions about school affairs.A. had been electedB. had electedC. have been electedD. have elected30. They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, ________ they might have.A. however difficultB. how difficultC. whatever difficultyD. what difficulty31. The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really ________.A. to be worriedB. to worryC. having worriedD. worried32. The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ________ society for real-life experience.A. exploreB. to exploreC. exploringD. explored33. I have no idea ________ the cell phone isn?t working, so could you fix it for me?A. whatB. whyC. ifD. which34. Young people may risk ________ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone35. Sophia got an e-mail ________ her credit card account number.A. asking forB. ask forC. asked forD. having asked for36. I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise ________ I am sitting.A. beforeB. untilC. unlessD. where37. ________ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about.A. To lookB. LookingC. Having lookedD. Look38. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ________ interact with one another.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. what39. Among the crises that face humans ________ the lack of natural resources.A. isB. areC. is thereD. are there40. Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in ________they arewearing.A. thatB. whatC. howD. whichSection BA. restoreB. recallC. processingD. previouslyE. necessaryF. locatingG. insteadH. fascinatingI. elsewherepositionAs infants, we can recognize our mothers within hours of birth. In fact, we can recognize the41 of our mother?s face well before we can recognize her body shape. It?s 42 how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age, especially since we don?t learn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to43 such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood, but research around the world has begun to define the specific areas of the brain and processes 44 for facial recognition.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in45 a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area (FFA), which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of familiar objects such as our clothes or cars, is from46 in the brain. Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been 47 thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile, research at University College London has found that facial recognition isnot a single process, but 48 involves three steps. The first step appears to be an analysis ofthe physical features of a person?s face, which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step, the brain decides whether the face we are looking at is already knownor unknown to us. And finally, the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person whose face we are looking at. This complex 49 is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AOver the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is：Is economic globalization 50 for all?According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce 51 in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home tosome three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes 53 at an average rate of five percent—compared to two percent in developed countries.Those who 54 globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefitfrom new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. 55 , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually 57 the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission onthe Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually58 from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. 59 , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to 60 their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of 61 . When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to 62 and will be crowded out.One thing is certain about globalization—there is no 63 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The 64 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all.50. A. possible B. smooth C. good D. easy51. A. crime B. poverty C. conflict D. population52. A. contributing B. responding C. turning D. owing53. A. remain B. drop C. shift D. increase54. A. doubt B. define C. advocate D. ignore55. A. In addition B. For instance C. In other words D. All in all56. A. mature B. new C. local D. foreign57. A. finding B. exploring C. bridging D. widening58. A. suffered B. profited C. learned D. withdrawn59. A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise60. A. consume B. deliver C. export D. advertise61. A. trouble B. business C. power D. mind62. A. keep up B. come in C. go around D. help out63. A. taking off B. getting along C. holding out D. turning back64. A. agreement B. prediction C. outcome D. challengeSection BAFor some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.”People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes (音调). Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale.As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of musicto pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy musicset them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. Infact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. “I used to hate parties,”says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learninghow to identify this unusual condition.Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesn?t involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can?t see certain colors.Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say, ,No thanks, I?m amusic,?” says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”65. Which of the following is true of amusics?A. Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.B. They love places where they are likely to hear music.C. They can easily tell two different songs apart.D. Their situation is well understood by musicians.66. According to paragraph 3, a person with “defective hearing”is probably one who __________.A. dislikes listening to speechesB. can hear anything nonmusicalC. has a hearing problemD. lacks a complex hearing system67. In the last paragraph, Margaret expressed her wish that __________.A. her problem with music had been diagnosed earlierB. she were seventeen years old rather than seventyC. her problem could be easily explainedD. she were able to meet other amusics68. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. Amusics? strange behaviours.B. Some people?s inability to enjoy music.C. Musical talent and brain structure.D. Identification and treatment of amusics.BHome Laundry Automatic Dryer ProductFull Two Year Warranty (保修)Limited Five Year Warranty on Cabinet(机箱)Warranty Provides for：FIRST TWO YEARS Amana will repair or replace any faulty part free of charge.THIRD THRU FIFTH YEARS Amana will provide a free replacement part for any cabinet which proves faulty due to rust (生锈)。
上海市十三校2013-2014届高三上学期联考英语考试试题
高三学科测试英语试卷 2013.12.13考试时间：120分钟满分：150分第一卷(共103 分)I. Listening Comprehension （30分）Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A student. B. A secretary. C. A teacher. D. A boss.2. A. In the department store. B. At the airport.C. At the railway station.D. At the furniture store.3. A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus. D. On foot.4. A. The English test took place a week ago.B. The woman was confident about the English test.C. Tomorrow’s English test will be easy.D. There won’t be an English test tomorrow.5. A. She doesn’t like English poetry. B. Poetry class is very popular.C. Dr. Robinson is easy to get along with.D. The course will be difficult.6. A. Five feet tall. B. Only one foot tall. C. Six feet tall. D. Seven feet tall.7. A. Go to the library. B. Go to see a film.C. Get some exercise.D. Do homework in school.8. A. It is 4: 10 now. B. It is 4: 20 now. C. It is 4: 50 now. D. It is 5:00 now.9. A. He is not very enthusiastic about his English lessons.B. He has made great progress in his English.C. He is a student of the music department.D. He is not very interested in English songs.10. A. He has always been so productive. B. He got his job done within a minute.C. He finished the paper just in time.D. He hasn’t finished his paper yet.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. When directions are long. B. When directions are short.C. When homework is given.D. When your mother talks.12. A. Your pen and paper. B. A few words. C. Your mind and ears. D. Some pictures.13. A Topics or page numbers. B. Key words or a picture in mind.C. Some details.D. School assignments.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It is based on individual needs, personal goals and different life styles.B. It is decided by the healthiest lifestyle.C. It is based on some tests and comparison with standards.D. It is based more on individual needs than personal goals.15. A. It is more accurate. B. It is more flexible.C. It is less enjoyable.D. It is less effective.16. A. An accountant who can be as physically fit as an athlete.B. The importance of three basic factors concerning fitness.C. New concept of fitness and its essential factors.D. Some sports with significant training effect.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.II. Grammar and Vocabulary （26分）Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Many kinds of music can stir the imagination and produce strong feeling. For some people, romantic composers such as Chopin and Tchaikovsky enhance feelings of love and sympathy. Religious and spiritual music 25 help some people feel peace or lessen their pain. But one musician seems to have a unique ability of healing(治愈) the human body – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Scientists have found Mozart’s music to be remarkable in its abil ity 26 (calm) its listeners. It can also increase their perceptions, and help them express themselves more clearly.Many amazing cases have been documented using Mozart 27 a healing aid. For example, a tiny premature baby 28 (name) Krissy, who weighed just 1.5 pounds at birth, was on total life support. Doctors thought she had little chance of survival. Her mother insisted on playing Mozart for Krissy, and thought 29 saved her daughter’s life. Krissy lived, 30 she was very small for her age and slower than the average child. At the age of four, she showeda n i n t e r e s t i n m u s i c a n d h e r p a r e n t s g a v e h e r v i o l i n l e s s o n s.31 their astonishment, Krissy was able to play musical pieces from memory that were far beyond the ability of an average four-year-old. 32 (play) music helped her improve in all areas of her life.(B)Touch is the first tool we turn to when we face pain. We react similarly to 33 injured toe and a broken heart, tenderly 34 (grasp) the affected area. We are all born with the power to heal ourselves and to heal others because healing energy does not come from within but from outside ourselves. The energy is there for anyone to use, and no formal training 35 (require). When you have the intent to heal, and love is your only motive, you become a channel for healing energy. Through the simple touch of hands, you can use that universal healing energy to comfort those who 36 (experience) pain or distress.In performing healing energy work, it is necessary that you let your intuition (直觉) guide you to the affected area. Just imagine a healing light being drawn in through the top of your head and flowing through your hands. The energy will begin to flow once you have made a physical connection, and your touch will help awaken the body’s capacity for self-healing. The affected areas of the body, 37 were previously tense or tight, will relax with enough healing energy.38 (try) not to feel like you aren’t helping if you don’t feel the flow. The work you ar e doing is indeed helping.Understanding 39 energy works is less important than consciously making use of it. Performing a loving healing treatment on your loved ones can be a wonderful experience that brings you closer together. And as the healing energy passes through you, it can awaken a feeling within you that helps you 40 (well) understand the interactions between the spiritual, physical and mental selves.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Genes are found in every plant or animal cell. They are the basic units of life that are capable of passing specific 41 from one generation to another. For example, whether you are tall or short depends upon the genes that you 42 from your parents. Cloning plants or animals is a process that 43 the production of a new organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which cells were taken. Although this 44 has aroused great interest around the world over the last ten years or so, cloning is not something new in nature. Most mothers give birth to just one child at a time; however, on rare 45 a mother may give birth to a set of twins. If these two children are identical twins, then they are in fact naturally 46 clones of each other, although not of the parents. The reason for them being clones is that the two children originated from one 47 egg and consequently they are genetically identical. Twins thatd e v e l o p f r o m t w o48 eggs are not clones of each other.Cloning also occurs naturally in plants. Strawberry plants reproduce themselves by sending out runners, or modified stems, and these runners take root a short distance from the 49 plant and start to grow, and to produce fruit. In time, this plant sends out runners of its own that also take root. This is known as asexual reproduction; in other words, reproduction that does noti n v o l v e t h e f u s i o n(融合)o f m a l e a n d f e m a l e c e l l s.T h e n e w l y50 plants are clones of the original. In addition to strawberry plants, certain types of flowers and grasses reproduce themselves in the same way. Throughout history, people have also facilitated cloning by taking small cuttings from plants and then growing them into new plants. This form of cloning is called vegetative propagation.III. Reading Comprehension（47分）Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Robert Frank, an economist at Cornell, believes that his profession is restricting cooperation and generosity. In the U.S., economics professors give __51__ money to charity than professors in other fields. Economics students in Germany are more likely than those from other majors to recommend an overpriced plumber (水管工) when they are __52__ to do it. Economics majors tend to rate __53__ as “generally good,” “correct,” and “moral” more than their peers.Does studying economics change people? Maybe not. It could be self-selection: students who already believe in self-interest are __54__ to economics. But this doesn't exclude the possibility that studying economics pushes people further toward the selfish extreme. By spending time with like-minded people, economics students may become __55__ that selfishness is widespread and reasonable -- or at least that giving is rare and foolish.“As a business school professor, these effects worry me, as economics, __56__ every aspect of our lives, is taught widely in business schools, providing a __57__ for courses in management, finance, and accounting.” says Frank.If economics can __58__ pro-social behavior, which is central to the well-being of people or society, what should we do about it? A change in economics and business __59__ is suggested. Courses in behavioral economics, which considers the role of “social preferences” like __60__, fairness and cooperation, are required for students of economics major. In fact, economics courses not involving some behavioral economics are considered both an inadequate education and a poorpreparation to be a practising economist. Also, __61__ width, economics majors are required to take courses in social sciences like sociology and psychology, which place considerable emphasis on how people are __62__ about others, not only themselves. __63__, within economics courses, we should do a better job __64__ the principle of self-interest, which involves anything a person values -- including helping others.Not until then may the prophecy (预言) by Nobel Prize-winning economist and philosopher Amartya Sen be __65__. Calling economists “rational fools,” he observed: “The purely economic man is indeed close to being a social fool.”51. A. fewer B. less C. smaller D. more52. A. encouraged B. requested C. assigned D. paid53. A. teamwork B. greed C. desire D. economics54. A. opposed B. entitled C. drawn D. attached55. A. convinced B. depressed C. relaxed D. doubtful56. A. depending on B. adapting to C. differing from D. relating to57. A. potential B. judgment C. foundation D. reason58. A. assess B. research C. discourage D. cause59. A. education B. standard C. approach D. application60. A. competition B. evaluation C. community D. generosity61. A. in case of B. in terms of C. in relation to D. in need of62. A. concerned B. anxious C. curious D. enthusiastic63. A. However B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Otherwise64. A. claiming B. defining C. overlooking D. recalling65. A. broken B. predicted C. challenged D. fulfilledSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I used to think of myself as a fairly cosmopolitan（全球的）sort of person, but my bookshelves told a different story as my literature collection mainly consisted of British and American titles. Worse still, I hardly ever read anything in translation. My reading was limited to stories by English-speaking authors.So, at the start of 2012, I set myself the challenge of trying to read a book from every country in a year to find out what I was missing.With no idea how to go about this, thinking that I was unlikely to find books from nearly 200 nations from my local bookshop, I decided to ask the planet’s readers for help. I created a blog called A Year of Reading the World, appealing for suggestions of titles that I could read in English.The response was amazing. Before I knew it, people all over the world were getting in touch with ideas and offers of help. Some posted me books from their home countries. Others did hours of research on my behalf. In addition, several writers sent me unpublished translations of their novels, giving me a rare opportunity to read works otherwise unavailable to the 62% of British people who only speak English. Even with such support, however, sourcing books was no easy task.Tracking down stories in some unfamiliar places even took as much time as the reading and blogging. It was hard to fit it all in around work and many were the nights when I sat bleary-eyed (睡眼惺忪的) into the small hours to make sure I stuck to my target of reading one book every 1.87 days.Still，one by one, the country names on the list made at the start of the year transformed into vital, exciting places filled with laughter, love, anger, hope and fear. Lands that had once seemed exotic became familiar to me – places I could identify with. At its best, I learned, fiction makes the world real.66.What help did the writer receive to achieve his goal?A.Some writers sent him their original works.B.The local bookstore provided books from 200 nations even if it was unlikely.C.Some writers did research work on what books are popular.D.Some people mailed books from their own countries.67.In order to accomplish his goal, the writer did the following except ______.A.asking for help from all over the worldB.making full use of his leisure time after workC.reading until early next morningD.appealing to writers to send him new books68.What does the word "exotic" in the last paragraph most probably mean?A.Unrealistic.B. Uncivilized.C. Strange.D. Unimaginable.69.Which of the following best describe the writer’s experience in the year?A. Original but tiringB. Hard but relaxingC. Busy but fruitfulD. Helpful but challenging(B)Villa d'Este, Tivoli (Italy) - Official Site Useful InformationCall Center 199766166Number to dial from all of Italy for pre-sales and reservations for: tickets, guided tours, school groups, instructional visits.Bookings from abroad:email: villadestetivoli@fax: 0039 0412770747telephone: 0039 0412719036Visiting Hours:Opening 8.30 – closed one hour before sunset.The ticket office closes one hour before the closing of the monument.The hydraulic organ of the Organ Fountain is active daily, from 10.30 am, every two hours.The Fontana della Civetta functions daily, from 10.00 am, every two hours.Ticket Prices:(from May 17 to October 20, 2013)Full ticket (exhibition + villa and gardens, not divisible): € 11.Reduced ticket: € 7.These prices will be valid during the daytime openings of the Villa until the closure of the exhibition, due on the 20th of October, 2013(From the 22nd of October, 2013)Full ticket: € 8Reduced ticket: € 4These fares may vary in conjunction with exhibitions set inside the Villa.The right to purchase reduced price tickets belongs to all citizens of the European Union between the ages of 18 and 24 as well as permanent teachers of state schools (upon presentation of identity documents).School Visits:Reservations are required. The management of Villa d'Este, in the aim of preserving the monument and better distributing the flow of students, has limited the number of students allowed into the Villa to 100 students per hour. Should any school group arrive at the Villa without having made a reservation, it will be admitted to the Villa according to space availability at a particular time and asked to wait until such space becomes available. Right of Reservation cost: € 1,00.Notices:Certain areas of the villa may be closed for restoration: for information inquire at the ticket office.Please pay particular attention to the areas marked with signs indicating danger (in Italian: pericolo).70. How can a visiting Chinese professor of architecture in Rome make a booking?A. By dialing 199766166.B. By writing an email to villadestetivoli@.C. By calling 0039 0412719036.D. By sending a fax to 0039 0412770747.71. The receptionist at the ticket office may recommend you to see ______ first, if you arrive at10.25 am.A. the exhibition inside the villaB. the Organ FountainC. the gardensD. the Fontana della Civetta72. Why are reservations essential for school visits?A. Reservations are more economical.B. Reservations enable as many students as possible to visit the monument.C. Reservations ensure a pleasant visit for students and a manageable one for the Villa.D. Reservation fees can help preserve the site.73. Which of following statements is NOT TRUE?A. Villa d'Este is closed at night.B. Ticket prices are usually higher than usual when there happens to be an exhibition.C. Tourists are n ot allowed to enter areas marked with signs “pericolo”.D. Visitors can buy reduced tickets as long as they make a reservation.(C)Have you ever seen harmful robots refuse to die,no matter how fiercely people fight back? As is known,it is always the case in some of the scariest sciencefiction.Now, science fiction has changed into sciencefact. For the first time, researchers have created arobotic machine that can stand a beating and keep onwalking. Developed by scientists from CornellUniversity and the University of Vermont, the newrobot looks like a spider with four legs. Until now, even the most advanced robot was almost certain to break down when damaged. That’sbecause its inside computer simply doesn’t know how to operate the machine aft er its shape has changed.To get around this problem, the spidery robot’s developers equipped their invention with eight motors and two sensors that read how the machine is tilting(倾斜). The motors and sensors all provide electrical signals to the machine ’s software.Using this information, the system follows a new procedure to figure out the machine’s shape at any given moment. The program chooses from among 100,000 possible arrangements of parts. From there, the computer considers a wide variety of possible next steps, and it calculates how best to move the robot forward the longest possible distance, before trying to move again. “The new strategy is a major advance in robotics”, Professor Skehan, a scientist in Cornell University says, “and it’s far from scary”. The technology may someday help researchers create better artificial arms and legs that give new freedom to people who lack them. The new knowledge might also help scientists understand how people and animals figure out their own sense of place in space.“Designing robots that can adapt to changing environments and can compensate (补偿) for damage has been a difficult problem,” says neuroscientist Olaf Sporns of Indiana University in Bloomington. “This work provides a new way toward solving this important problem.”74. What’s the most important characteristic of the new robot?A. Its shape is like a spider with four legs.B. It can repair itself and move again after damaged.C. It is operated by its inside computer.D. It is certain to change the direction when damaged.75. it can be learnt from the passage that ________.A. animals have no sense of place in spaceB. people have difficulty in figuring out how to get to his destinationC. scientists don ’t understand people ’s ability of locationD. scientists want to know where people and animals are going76. We can infer from the view of Professor Skehan that ________.A. the new technology will help people have a better sense of spaceB. the new technology will help people grow new arms and legsC. designing robots can help to be adaptable to the changing of the environmentD. the new technology will have some medical benefits77. The purpose of the author to write this article is to ________.A. introduce a new robot that will not dieB. discuss science fiction and new inventionC. recommend the latest inventionD. explain the relationship between robot and medicineSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.With 26 British prime ministers, 58 Nobel prize winners, over 150 Olympic medals and a "notable alumni" list that reads like a historical hall of fame, the institutions of Oxford and Cambridge – collectively known as Oxbridge – are seen, by many, as the dream alma mater(母校).However, as admission season dawns, and the October 15 deadline for Oxbridge inches ever closer, many students may wonder what makes the UK's top two institutions so special. Why does Oxbridge symbolize the academic dream for so many? Do the universities deserve the reputation they hold in the minds of so many teenagers, parents and academics?There is no doubt that both Oxford and Cambridge have a long standing history of academia. Yet, what is often overlooked is the strong reputation of countless other universities in the UK.A simple click on Google can tell students that the London School of Economics and Political Sciences, for example, has over 18 Nobel Prize winners and 50 world leaders. University College London attracts students from 150 countries and has exchange and research links with nearly 300 overseas universities. Manchester University has the largest student union of all UK universities and boasts alumni such as Niels Bohr and James Chadwick.I suddenly realized the Oxbridge effect when I was out in London with friends. I met some new people and was surprised by their reaction when I told them I was going to study at Cambridge. One person even got down on one knee and kissed my hand.From then on, I told people I was going on a gap year. Although I knew that Oxbridge provides a good education, I had never expected to get such extreme reactions. It was this that made me start to feel uncomfortable about the way that Oxbridge is viewed.The Cambridge Tab, the university's student newspaper, has argued that what makes Cambridge special is the fact that the students are told that they are unique and a cut above the rest, so they believe it. Ron Weasley never took the Felix Felicis potion that Harry Potter pretended to give him – all he had to do to win the Quidditch match was to believe he was great.For students applying now, yes, you will receive a world class education at Oxbridge, but you will find the same at numerous other universities throughout the country. Every time you hearabout the brilliance of Oxbridge, consider that just because many believe, it does not have to be so.78. The examples of the London School of Economics and Political Sciences, University College London and Manchester University serve to illustrate the point that __________________________________in the UK.79. According to the passage, we can find that people ___________________ the students at the Oxbridge.80. How did the writer avoid over-reaction from people to her admission into Cambridge?______________________________________________________________________81. What is the writer’s suggestion to students applying to universities?_______________________________________________________________________第II卷（共47分）I．TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word given in the brackets.1.这个失败给了我们一个教训:今日事，今日毕。
2013年上海高考英语真题及答案
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语II. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. — I’m looking for a nearby place for my holiday. Any good ideas?— How about the Moon Lake? It is ________ easy reach of the city.A. byB. beyondC. withinD. from26. Those who smoke heavily should remind ________ of health, the bad smell and the feelings of otherpeople.A. theirsB. themC. themselvesD. oneself27. Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn’t enter the house, for he ________ his key at school.A. had leftB. would leaveC. was leavingD. has left28. It’s a ________ clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.A. charming French smallB. French small charmingC. small French charmingD. charming small French29. The school board is made up of parents who ________ to make decisions about school affairs.A. had been electedB. had electedC. have been electedD. have elected30. They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, ________ they might have.A. however difficultB. how difficultC. whatever difficultyD. what difficulty31. The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really ________.A. to be worriedB. to worryC. having worriedD. worried32. The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ________ society for real-life experience.A. exploreB. to exploreC. exploringD. explored33. I have no idea ________ the cell phone isn’t working, so could you fix it for me?A. whatB. whyC. ifD. which34. Young people may risk ________ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone35. Sophia got an e-mail ________ her credit card account number.A. asking forB. ask forC. asked forD. having asked for36. I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise ________ I am sitting.A. beforeB. untilC. unlessD. where37. ________ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about.A. To lookB. LookingC. Having lookedD. Look38. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ________ interact with one another.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. what39. Among the crises that face humans ________ the lack of natural resources.A. isB. areC. is thereD. are there40. Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in ________ they arewearing.A. thatB. whatC. howD. whichSection BAs infants, we can recognize our mothers within hours of birth. In fact, we can recognize the 41 of our mother’s face well before we can recognize her body shape. It’s 42 how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age, especially since we don’t learn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to 43 such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood, but research around the world has begun to define the specific areas of the brain and processes 44 for facial recognition.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in 45 a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area (FFA), which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of familiar objects such as our clothes or cars, is from 46 in the brain. Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been 47 thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile, research at University College London has found that facial recognition is not a single process, but 48 involves three steps. The first step appears to be an analysis of the physical features of a person’s face, which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step, the brain decides whether the face we are looking at is already known or unknown to us. And finally, the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person whose face we are looking at. This complex 49 is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AOver the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is：Is economic globalization 50 for all?According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce 51 in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes 53 at an average rate of five percent—compared to two percent in developed countries.Those who 54 globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. 55 , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually 57 the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 58 from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. 59 , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to 60 their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of 61 . When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to 62 and will be crowded out.One thing is certain about globalization—there is no 63 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The 64 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all.50. A. possible B. smooth C. good D. easy51. A. crime B. poverty C. conflict D. population52. A. contributing B. responding C. turning D. owing53. A. remain B. drop C. shift D. increase54. A. doubt B. define C. advocate D. ignore55. A. In addition B. For instance C. In other words D. All in all56. A. mature B. new C. local D. foreign57. A. finding B. exploring C. bridging D. widening58. A. suffered B. profited C. learned D. withdrawn59. A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise60. A. consume B. deliver C. export D. advertise61. A. trouble B. business C. power D. mind62. A. keep up B. come in C. go around D. help out63. A. taking off B. getting along C. holding out D. turning back64. A. agreement B. prediction C. outcome D. challengeSection BAFor some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.”People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes (音调). Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale.As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music set them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. “I used to hate parties,”says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition.Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesn’t involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colors.Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say, ‘No thanks, I’m amusic,’” says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”65. Which of the following is true of amusics?A. Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.B. They love places where they are likely to hear music.C. They can easily tell two different songs apart.D. Their situation is well understood by musicians.66. According to paragraph 3, a person with “defective hearing”is probably one who __________.A. dislikes listening to speechesB. can hear anything nonmusicalC. has a hearing problemD. lacks a complex hearing system67. In the last paragraph, Margaret expressed her wish that __________.A. her problem with music had been diagnosed earlierB. she were seventeen years old rather than seventyC. her problem could be easily explainedD. she were able to meet other amusics68. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. Amusics’ strange behaviours.B. Some people’s inability to enjoy music.C. Musical talent and brain structure.D. Identification and treatment of amusics.BHome Laundry Automatic Dryer ProductFull Two Year Warranty (保修)Limited Five Year Warranty on Cabinet(机箱)Warranty Provides for：FIRST TWO YEARS Amana will repair or replace any faulty part free of charge.THIRD THRU FIFTH YEARS Amana will provide a free replacement part for any cabinet which proves faulty due to rust (生锈)。
2013年高考英语试题-上海卷(含答案)
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语第Ⅰ卷（共105分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A basketball player. B. A laundry worker.C. A window washer.D. A rock climber2. A. She is not hungry. B. She wants to cook.C. She is not tired.D. She wants to dine out.3. A. Promising. B. Isolated C. Crowded. D. Modern4. A. To a stationery shop. B. To a gymnasium.C. To a paint store.D. To a news stand.5. A. The man can see a different view. B. The food is not tasty enough.C. The man cannot afford the food.D. The food is worth the price.6. A. She reads different kinds of books. B. She also finds the book difficult to read.C. She is impressed by the characters.D. She knows well how to remember names.7. A. The man will go to the post office. B. The post office is closed for the day.C. The woman is expecting the newspaper.D. The delivery boy has been dismissed.8. A. She is n o t sure if she can join them. B. She will skip the class to see the film.C. She will ask the professor for leave.D. She does not want to see a film.9. A. Fashion designing is a booming business. B. School learning is a must for fashion designers.C. He hopes to attend a good fashion school.D. The woman should become a fashion designer.10. A. Few people drive within the speed limit. B. Drivers usually obey traffic rules.C. The speed limit is really reasonable.D. The police stop most drivers for speedingSection BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A book publisher. B. A company manager.C. A magazine editor.D. A school principal.12. A. Some training experience. B. A happy family.C. Russian assistants' help.D. A good memory.13. A. Lynn‟s devotion to the family. B. Lynn‟s busy and successful life.C. Lynn‟s great performance at work.D. Lynn‟s efficiency in conducting programs.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Economic questions. B. Routine questions.C. Academic questions.D. Challenging questions.15. A. Work experience. B. Educational qualifications.C. Problem-solving abilities.D. Information-gathering abilities.16. A. Features of different types of interview. B. Skills in asking interview questions.C. Changes in three interview models.D. Suggestions for different job interviews.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. — I‟m looking for a nearby place for my holiday. Any good ideas?— How about the Moon Lake? It is ________ easy reach of the city.A. byB. beyondC. withinD. from26. Those who smoke heavily should remind ________ of health, the bad smell and the feelings of otherpeople.A. theirsB. themC. themselvesD. oneself27. Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn‟t enter the house, for he ________ his key at school.A. had leftB. would leaveC. was leavingD. has left28. It‟s a ________ clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.A. charming French smallB. French small charmingC. small French charmingD. charming small French29. The school board is made up of parents who ________ to make decisions about school affairs.A. had been electedB. had electedC. have been electedD. have elected30. They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, ________ they might have.A. however difficultB. how difficultC. whatever difficultyD. what difficulty31. The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really ________.A. to be worriedB. to worryC. having worriedD. worried32. The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ________ society for real-life experience.A. exploreB. to exploreC. exploringD. explored33. I have no idea ________ the cell phone isn‟t working, so could you fix it for me?A. whatB. whyC. ifD. which34. Young people may risk ________ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone35. Sophia got an e-mail ________ her credit card account number.A. asking forB. ask forC. asked forD. having asked for36. I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise ________ I am sitting.A. beforeB. untilC. unlessD. where37. ________ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about.A. To lookB. LookingC. Having lookedD. Look38. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ________ interact with one another.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. what39. Among the crises that face humans ________ the lack of natural resources.A. isB. areC. is thereD. are there40. Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in ________ they arewearing.A. thatB. whatC. howD. whichSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.As infants, we can recognize our mothers within hours of birth. In fact, we can recognize the 41 of our mother‟s face well before we can recognize her body shape. It‟s 42 how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age, especially since we don‟t learn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to 43 such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood, but research around the world has begun to definethe specific areas of the brain and processes 44 for facial recognition.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in 45 a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area (FFA), which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of familiar objects such as our clothes or cars, is from 46 in the brain. Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been 47 thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile, research at University College London has found that facial recognition is not a single process, but 48 involves three steps. The first step appears to be an analysis of the physical features of a person‟s face, which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step, the brain decides whether the face we are looking at is already known or unknown to us. And finally, the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person whose face we are looking at. This complex 49 is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations. (324 words)III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is：Is economic globalization 50 for all?According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce 51 in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes 53 at an average rate of five percent—compared to two percent in developed countries.Those who 54 globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. 55 , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually 57 the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 58 from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. 59 , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to 60 their products may soon face fierce competition that could pot them out of 61 . When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to 62 and will be crowded out.One thing is certain about globalization—there is no 63 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The 64 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all. (347 words)50. A. possible B. smooth C. good D. easy51. A. crime B. poverty C. conflict D. population52. A. contributing B. responding C. turning D. owing53. A. remain B. drop C. shift D. increase54. A. doubt B. define C. advocate D. ignore55. A. In addition B. For instance C. In other words D. All in all56. A. mature B. new C. local D. foreign57. A. finding B. exploring C. bridging D. widening58. A. suffered B. profited C. learned D. withdrawn59. A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise60. A. consume B. deliver C. export D. advertise61. A. trouble B. business C. power D. mind62. A. keep up B. come in C. go around D. help out63. A. taking off B. getting along C. holding out D. turning back64. A. agreement B. prediction C. outcome D. challengeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AFor some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.” People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes (音调). Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale.As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music set them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. “I used to hate parties,”says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition.Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesn‟t involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can‟t see certain colors.Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say, …No thanks, I‟m amusic,‟” says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”(335 words)65. Which of the following is true of amusics?A. Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.B. They love places where they are likely to hear music.C. They can easily tell two different songs apart.D. Their situation is well understood by musicians.66. According to paragraph 3, a person with “defective hearing” is probably one who __________.A. dislikes listening to speechesB. can hear anything nonmusicalC. has a hearing problemD. lacks a complex hearing system67. In the last paragraph, Margaret expressed her wish that __________.A. her problem with music had been diagnosed earlierB. she were seventeen years old rather than seventyC. her problem could be easily explainedD. she were able to meet other amusics68. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. Amusics‟ strange behaviours.B. Some people‟s inability to enjoy music.C. Musical talent and brain structure.D. Identification and treatment of amusics.B69. According to Warranty Limitations, a product can be under warranty if __________.A. shipped from a Canadian factoryB. rented for home useC. repaired by the user himselfD. used in the U.S.A.70. According to Owner’s Responsibilities, an owner has to pay for __________.A. the loss of the sales receiptB. a servicer‟s overtime workC. the product installationD. a mechanic‟s transportation71. Which of the following is true according to the warranty?A. Consequential damages are excluded across America.B. A product damaged in a natural disaster is covered by the warranty.C. A faulty cabinet due to rust can be replaced free in the second year.D. Free repair is available for a product used improperly in the first year.CA team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.“It‟s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a b unch of individual components (元件),”said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added diff iculty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it‟s connected to,”said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers‟ fields or on the battlefield.“Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,”he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”(392 words)72. The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that __________.A. they had no model in their mindB. they did not have sufficient timeC. they had no ready-made componentsD. they could not assemble the components73. It can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly __________.A. consists of a flight device and a control systemB. can just fly in limited areas at the present timeC. can collect information from many sourcesD. has been put into wide application74. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.C. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.D. Wood‟s design can replace animals in some experiments.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Father of Robotic FlyB. Inspiration from Engineering ScienceC. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life InsectD. Harvard Breaks Through in Insect StudySection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A—F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.76.People take these supplements because advertising suggests that they prevent a range of medical conditionsfromdeveloping. However, there isconcern that peopleare consuming worryingly high doses of thesesupplements and the European Union (EU) has issued a directive that will ban the sale of a wide range of77.Research suggests that people who take Vitamin C supplements of over 5000 milligrams a day are more likely to develop cancer. This shows how much damage these health supplements do to people‟s health. A spokesman for the health supplement industry has argued that other research shows that Vitamin78.Science fiction of the 1960s and 1970s predicted that pills would replace meals as the way in which people would get the fuel they needed. This, it was argued, would mean a more efficient use of time as people wouldn‟t have to waste it preparing or eating meals. The EU directive would help prevent this79.Peop0le already take too many pills instead of adopting a healthier lifestyle. For example, the consumption of painkillers in Britain in 1998 was 21 tablets per year for every man, woman and child in80.Some might argue that the EU directive denies people‟s right to freedom of choice. However, there are many legal examples for such intervention when it is in the individual‟s best interests. We now make peoplewear seatbelts rather than allowing them to choose to do so. Opposing the EU directive would mean beneficial measures like this would be threatened.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.A study of more than five million books, both fiction and non-fiction, has found a marked decline in the use of emotional words over time. The researchers form the University of Bristol used Google Ngram Viewer, a facility for finding the frequency of terms in scanned books, to search for more than 600 particular words identified as representing anger, dislike, fear, joy, sadness and surprise.They found that almost all of the categories (类别) showed a drop in these “mood words” over time. Only in the category of fear was there an increase in usage.“It is a steady and continuous decrease,” said Dr Alberto Acerbi. He assumed that the result might be explained by a change in the position occupied by literature, in a crowded media landscape. “One thing could be that in parallel to books the 20th century saw the start of other media. Maybe these media—movies, radio, drama—had more emotional content than books.”Although both joy and sadness followed the general downwards trend, the research, published in the journal PLOS One, found that they also exhibited another interesting behaviour：the ratio (比率) between the two varied greatly, apparently mirroring historical events.During the Roaring Twenties the joy-to-sadness ratio reached a peak that would not occur again until before the recent financial crash. But the ratio plunged at the height of the Second World War. Nevertheless, the researchers held a reserved opinion about their claim that their result reflected wider social trends. In the paper, they even argue that the reverse could be true.“It has been suggested, for example, that it was the suppression(压抑) of desire in ordinary Elizabethan English life that increased demand for writing …filled with romance and sex‟… perhaps,” they conclude, “songs and books may not reflect the real population any more than catwalk models reflect the average body.”(Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 81. A study of more than five million books indicated a decline in “mood words” over time except_______________.82. According to Dr Alberto Acerbi, one reason for the drop of “mood words” in books may be that_______________.83. What were the two periods when the joy-to-sadness ratio was at its highest?84. While the researchers found some changes in the use of “mood words” in books, they werenot sure that _______________.第Ⅱ卷I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 今年元旦我们玩得很开心。
2013年上海高考英语真题及答案
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语第Ⅰ卷（共105分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A basketball player. B. A laundry worker.C. A window washer.D. A rock climber2. A. She is not hungry. B. She wants to cook.C. She is not tired.D. She wants to dine out.3. A. Promising. B. Isolated C. Crowded. D. Modern4. A. To a stationery shop. B. To a gymnasium.C. To a paint store.D. To a news stand.5. A. The man can see a different view. B. The food is not tasty enough.C. The man cannot afford the food.D. The food is worth the price.6. A. She reads different kinds of books. B. She also finds the book difficult to read.C. She is impressed by the characters.D. She knows well how to remember names.7. A. The man will go to the post office. B. The post office is closed for the day.C. The woman is expecting the newspaper.D. The delivery boy has been dismissed.8. A. She is n o t sure if she can join them. B. She will skip the class to see the film.C. She will ask the professor for leave.D. She does not want to see a film.9. A. Fashion designing is a booming business. B. School learning is a must for fashion designers.C. He hopes to attend a good fashion school.D. The woman should become a fashion designer.10. A. Few people drive within the speed limit. B. Drivers usually obey traffic rules.C. The speed limit is really reasonable.D. The police stop most drivers for speedingSection BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A book publisher. B. A company manager.C. A magazine editor.D. A school principal.12. A. Some training experience. B. A happy family.C. Russian assistants' help.D. A good memory.13. A. Lynn’s devotion to the family. B. Lynn’s busy and successful life.C. Lynn’s gr eat performance at work.D. Lynn’s efficiency in conducting programs.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Economic questions. B. Routine questions.C. Academic questions.D. Challenging questions.15. A. Work experience. B. Educational qualifications.C. Problem-solving abilities.D. Information-gathering abilities.16. A. Features of different types of interview. B. Skills in asking interview questions.C. Changes in three interview models.D. Suggestions for different job interviews.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. — I’m looking for a nearby place for my holiday. Any good ideas?— How about the Moon Lake? It is ________ easy reach of the city.A. byB. beyondC. withinD. from26. Those who smoke heavily should remind ________ of health, the bad smell and the feelings of otherpeople.A. theirsB. themC. themselvesD. oneself27. Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn’t enter the house, for he ________ his key at school.A. had leftB. would leaveC. was leavingD. has left28. It’s a ________ clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.A. charming French smallB. French small charmingC. small French charmingD. charming small French29. The school board is made up of parents who ________ to make decisions about school affairs.A. had been electedB. had electedC. have been electedD. have elected30. They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, ________ they might have.A. however difficultB. how difficultC. whatever difficultyD. what difficulty31. The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really ________.A. to be worriedB. to worryC. having worriedD. worried32. The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ________ society for real-life experience.A. exploreB. to exploreC. exploringD. explored33. I have no idea ________ the cell phone isn’t working, so could you fix it for me?A. whatB. whyC. ifD. which34. Young people may risk ________ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone35. Sophia got an e-mail ________ her credit card account number.A. asking forB. ask forC. asked forD. having asked for36. I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise ________ I am sitting.A. beforeB. untilC. unlessD. where37. ________ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about.A. To lookB. LookingC. Having lookedD. Look38. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ________ interact with one another.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. what39. Among the crises that face humans ________ the lack of natural resources.A. isB. areC. is thereD. are there40. Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in ________ they arewearing.A. thatB. whatC. howD. whichSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.41 of our mother’s face well before we can recognize her body shape. It’s 42 how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age, especially since we don’t learn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to 43 such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood, but research around the world has begun to define the specific areas of the brain and processes 44 for facial recognition.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in 45 a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area(FFA), which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of familiar objects such as our clothes or cars, is from 46 in the brain. Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been 47 thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile, research at University College London has found that facial recognition is not a single process, but 48 involves three steps. The first step appears to be an analysis of the physical features of a person’s face, which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step, the brain decides whether the face we are looking at is already known or unknown to us. And finally, the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person whose face we are lookingat. This complex 49 is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations. (324 words)III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is：Is economic globalization 50 for all?According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce 51 in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes 53 at an average rate of five percent—compared to two percent in developed countries.Those who 54 globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. 55 , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually 57 the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 58 from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. 59 , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to 60 their products may soon face fierce competition that could pot them out of 61 . When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to 62 and will be crowded out.One thing is certain about globalization—there is no 63 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The 64 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all. (347 words)50. A. possible B. smooth C. good D. easy51. A. crime B. poverty C. conflict D. population52. A. contributing B. responding C. turning D. owing53. A. remain B. drop C. shift D. increase54. A. doubt B. define C. advocate D. ignore55. A. In addition B. For instance C. In other words D. All in all56. A. mature B. new C. local D. foreign57. A. finding B. exploring C. bridging D. widening58. A. suffered B. profited C. learned D. withdrawn59. A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise60. A. consume B. deliver C. export D. advertise61. A. trouble B. business C. power D. mind62. A. keep up B. come in C. go around D. help out63. A. taking off B. getting along C. holding out D. turning back64. A. agreement B. prediction C. outcome D. challengeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AFor some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.”People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes(音调). Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale.As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music set them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. “I used to hate parties,”says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition.Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesn’t involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colors.Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say, ‘No thanks, I’m amusic,’” says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”(335 words)65. Which of the following is true of amusics?A. Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.B. They love places where they are likely to hear music.C. They can easily tell two different songs apart.D. Their situation is well understood by musicians.66. According to paragraph 3, a person with “defective hearing” is probably one who __________.A. dislikes listening to speechesB. can hear anything nonmusicalC. has a hearing problemD. lacks a complex hearing system67. In the last paragraph, Margaret expressed her wish that __________.A. her problem with music had been diagnosed earlierB. she were seventeen years old rather than seventyC. her problem could be easily explainedD. she were able to meet other amusics68. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. Amusics’ strange behaviours.B. Some people’s inability to enjoy music.C. Musical talent and brain structure.D. Identification and treatment of amusics.B(268 words)69. According to Warranty Limitations, a product can be under warranty if __________.A. shipped from a Canadian factoryB. rented for home useC. repaired by the user himselfD. used in the U.S.A.70. According to Owner’s Responsibilities, an owner has to pay for __________.A. the loss of the sales receiptB. a servicer’s overtime workC. the product installationD. a mechanic’s transportation71. Which of the following is true according to the warranty?A. Consequential damages are excluded across America.B. A product damaged in a natural disaster is covered by the warranty.C. A faulty cabinet due to rust can be replaced free in the second year.D. Free repair is available for a product used improperly in the first year.CA team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.“It’s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件),” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemin gly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”(392 words)72. The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that __________.A. they had no model in their mindB. they did not have sufficient timeC. they had no ready-made componentsD. they could not assemble the components73. It can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly __________.A. consists of a flight device and a control systemB. can just fly in limited areas at the present timeC. can collect information from many sourcesD. has been put into wide application74. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.C. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.D. Wood’s design can replace animals in some experiments.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Father of Robotic FlyB. Inspiration from Engineering ScienceC. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life InsectD. Harvard Breaks Through in Insect StudySection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A—F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.76.Theuse ofhealth supplements such asmultivitamin tablets hasincreased greatly in the western world.People take these supplements because advertising suggests that they prevent a range of medical conditions from developing. However, there is concern that people are consuming worryingly high doses of these supplements and the European Union (EU) has issued a directive that will ban the sale of a wide range of them. This EU directive77.who take Vitamin C supplements of over 5000 milligrams a day are more likely to develop cancer. This shows how much damage these health supplements do to people’s health. A spokesman for the health supplement industry has argued that other research shows that Vitamin C supplements78.would get the fuel they needed. This, it was argued, would mean a more efficient use of time as people wouldn’t have to waste it preparing or eating meals. The EU directive would help prevent this nightmare of pills replacing79.painkillers in Britain in 1998 was 21 tablets per year for every man, woman and child in the country. People do80.Some might argue that the EU directive denies people’s right to freedom of choice. However, there are many legal examples for such intervention when it is in the individual’s best interests. We now make people wear seatbelts rather than allowing them to choose to do so. Opposing the EU directive would mean beneficial measures like this would be threatened.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.A study of more than five million books, both fiction and non-fiction, has found a marked decline in the use of emotional words over time. The researchers form the University of Bristol used Google Ngram Viewer, a facility for finding the frequency of terms in scanned books, to search for more than 600 particular words identified as representing anger, dislike, fear, joy, sadness and surprise.They found that almost all of the categories (类别) showed a drop in these “mood words” over time. Only in the category of fear was there an increase in usage.“It is a steady and continuous decrease,”said Dr Alberto Acerbi. He assumed that the result might be explained by a change in the position occupied by literature, in a crowded media landscape. “One thing could be that in parallel to books the 20th century saw the start of other media. Maybe these media—movies, radio, drama—had more emotional content than books.”Although both joy and sadness followed the general downwards trend, the research, published in the journal PLOS One, found that they also exhibited another interesting behaviour：the ratio (比率) between the two varied greatly, apparently mirroring historical events.During the Roaring Twenties the joy-to-sadness ratio reached a peak that would not occur again until before the recent financial crash. But the ratio plunged at the height of the Second World War. Nevertheless, theresearchers held a reserved opinion about their claim that their result reflected wider social trends. In the paper, they even argue that the reverse could be true.“It has been suggested, for example, that it was the suppression(压抑) of desire in ordinary Elizabethan English life that increased demand for writing ‘filled with romance and sex’… perhaps,” they conclude, “songs and books may not reflect the real population any more than catwalk models reflect the average body.”(Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. A study of more than five million books indicated a decline in “mood words” over time except_______________.82. According to Dr Alberto Acerbi, one reason for the drop of “mood words” in books may be that_______________.83. What were the two periods when the joy-to-sadness ratio was at its highest?84. While the researchers found some changes in the use of “mood words” in books, they werenot sure that _______________.第Ⅱ卷I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 今年元旦我们玩得很开心。
上海市英语(有答案)2013年普通高等学校招生统一考试_70
上海英语试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.W: Can you describe what you do?M: I wash office building windows. I go high up in the basket to reach the windows.Q: What is the man's job?A. A basketball player.B. A laundry worker.C. A window washer.D. A rock climber2.M: Should we go out or eat in tonight?W: I am too tired to do any cooking.Q: What does the woman imply?A.She is not hungry.B.She wants to cook.C.She is not tired.D.She wants to dine out.3.M: Hi, Grace. Tell me something about your hometown.W: It's so beautiful and peaceful. But it's really far away from everything.Q: What does the woman think of her hometown?A.PromisingB.IsolatedC.CrowdedD.Modern4.W: My printer is out of paper. I will run and get some.M: I will go with you. I need some fresh air.Q: Where will the speakers probably go?A.To a stationery shop.B.To a gymnasium.C.To a paint store.D.To a news stand.5.M: I don't like the prices on the menu. They always seem too high.W: You will have a different view after eating the delicious food.Q: What does the woman mean?A.The man can see a different view.B.The food is not tasty enough.C.The man cannot afford the food.D.The food is worth the price.6.M: I had a hard time getting through the novel.W: I know how you feel. Who could remember the names of 35 different characters?Q: What does the woman imply?A.She reads different kinds of books.B.She also finds the book difficult to read.C.She is impressed by the characters.D.She knows well how to remember names.7.W: Why haven't we received any newspapers yet?M: Well, sometimes it takes a while for the post office to deliver it.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?A.The man will go to the post office.B.The post office is closed for the day.C.The woman is expecting the newspaper.D.The delivery boy has been dismissed.8.M: My roommate and I are going to see a film tonight. And we are leaving at7:40.Do you want to join us? W: Sure. But my class ends at 7:30.And the professor never finishes on time.Q: What can we learn about the woman?A.She is not sure if she can join them.B.She will skip the class to see the film.C.She will ask the professor for leave.D.She does not want to see a film.9.W: Now that you are on the business, what’s your advice for someone to become a fashion designer? M: Go to school. I mean it. Find a good school and learn as much as you can.Q: What does the man mean?A．Fashion designing is a booming business.B．S chool learning is a must for fashion designers.C．H e hopes to attend a good fashion school.D．The woman should become a fashion designer.10.W: Slow down. You are passing every car on the road.M: Most drivers usually ignore the speed limit unless they think the police will stop them.Q: What does the man mean?A.Few people drive within the speed limit.B.Drivers usually obey traffic rules.C.The speed limit is really reasonable.D.The police stop most drivers for speedingSection BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.I am Lynn. My previous job was as principal of a language school, where I received awards for training teachers to teach more effectively. A year ago, I started an international company. I spent months conducting programs in the US and Russia. During this time, some Russian immigrants came to stay at my house. Fortunately, these visitors helped a lot at home and made life easier. At the same time, I wrote several books to be published by my company and coedited a book for a major publisher.I am grateful I have a photographic memory, so I can remember everything I see. Otherwise, I might not be that productive. In addition to my work, I have a family at home. Some of my children have had serious health problems from birth, but I try to handle those problems well and efficiently. With tremendous help from my parents, the kids are fed, and clothed, and educated.I am busy from the time I get up until the time I go to bed. My time has to be carefully planned. I do not like to be interrupted because I want to accomplish my goals.Questions:11. What was the speaker’s previous job?12. What helps to make the speaker productive according to the passage?13. What does the passage mainly tell us?11. A. A book publisher. B. A company manager.C. A magazine editor.D. A school principal.12. A. Some training experience. B. A happy family.C. Russian assistants' help.D. A good memory.13. A. Lynn’s devotion to the family.B. Lynn’s busy and successful life.C. Lynn’s great performance at work.D. Lynn’s efficiency in conducting programs.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.Job interviews can generally be divided into three types.The first is what I would call the traditional interview. This is usually just a series of standard questions about qualifications, work experience and expectations. So what you have here is basically a list of quite direct questions, like what duties did you have in your previous job. This is still the model for a lot of interviews today. In my view it’s not the best to select staff.Then there is the case interview. Here the interviewer presents a problem and a series of questions to find out how the candidate would approach the problem. It might go something like this, ‘A company wants to hire more graduates without spending more than its current budget. What would you advise them to do?’This can be particularly challenging, for you need to analyze the problem and solve it.The third type is known as the behavioral interview. The questions are usually designed to find out about how the candidates handle tricky situations in the past. A typical question might be ‘Can you give me an example of a situation where you had to follow orders that you didn’t agree with?’ This opens up a lot of information and the interviewer gets to see more of the candidate.Questions:14. What kind of questions are usually asked in the traditional interview?15. What does the case interview focus on about the candidate?16. What does the speaker mainly talk about?14. A. Economic questions. B. Routine questions.C. Academic questions.D. Challenging questions.15. A. Work experience. B. Educational qualifications.C. Problem-solving abilities.D. lnfomation-gathering abilities.16. A. Features of different types of interview.B. Skills in asking interview questions.C. Changes in three interview models.D. Suggestions for different job interviews.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.1.W: Hi, Bruce, it's Naomi.M: Hi, Naomi.W: I'm calling about the conference in Shanghai on November 8th. We have to make some changes.M: OK, go ahead.W: I don't think the peace guardian will be big enough. We need a center that can seat at least 600.M: That many? Any suggestions?W: The Palace Center will be free that day, but it will mean increasing the registration fee by $50. From $800 to $850.M: That won't be a problem. Anything else?W: Milan University says they are sending Carla Marisco instead of Professor Bertoni. But the talk would be the same, Opportunities and Risks in the African Market.M: Fine. Make those changes and all inform everyone at my end.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Latest Conference InformationDate: 8th __17__Place: Palace __18__, ShanghaiRegistration fee: $ __19 __Speaker: Carla Marisco from Milan UniversitySpeech topic: Opportunities and Risks in the __20__ Market2.W: David, we all know you took up skateboarding at ten. But did your parents support you?M: Yeah, my parents even let me skate in the house.W: Did they?M: Yeah, they were pretty cool.W: How about your school work?M: That was fine. I was able to get my school work done with good grades. My only problem was that I had so much physical energy that I could not sit still in class. Then some teachers started taking my skateboard away.W: That couldn't stop you from staking?M: No way. The cool thing was that my parents managed to find me a different school. The headmaster there was wonderful. He let us plan our own P.E. classes. So guess what class I created.W: Skateboarding.M: You got it. That was my P.E. class. By that time I was turning professional and starting to show off some techniques at competitions.W: Is that when your new style became famous?M: Yeah. Other skaters had this smooth flowing style, but I was kind of like a robot always coming up with new tricks.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.An Interview with David, a Skateboarding (滑板运动) LoverWhat was David's schoolwork like? He was able to get his schoolwork done__21__.What was his only problem at school? He was unable to __22__ in class.He let students __23__ of their own.Why did he say the new headmaster waswonderful?How was his new style different from otherIt was robot-like, with __24__.skaters?第II卷I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 今年元旦我们玩得很开心。
2013年上海高考英语真题及答案
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语II. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. — I’m looking for a nearby place for my holiday. Any good ideas?— How about the Moon Lake? It is ________ easy reach of the city.A. byB. beyondC. withinD. from26. Those who smoke heavily should remind ________ of health, the bad smell and the feelings of otherpeople.A. theirsB. themC. themselvesD. oneself27. Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn’t enter the house, for he ________ his key at school.A. had leftB. would leaveC. was leavingD. has left28. It’s a ________ clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.A. charming French smallB. French small charmingC. small French charmingD. charming small French29. The school board is made up of parents who ________ to make decisions about school affairs.A. had been electedB. had electedC. have been electedD. have elected30. They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, ________ they might have.A. however difficultB. how difficultC. whatever difficultyD. what difficulty31. The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really ________.A. to be worriedB. to worryC. having worriedD. worried32. The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ________ society for real-life experience.A. exploreB. to exploreC. exploringD. explored33. I have no idea ________ the cell phone isn’t working, so could you fix it for me?A. whatB. whyC. ifD. which34. Young people may risk ________ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone35. Sophia got an e-mail ________ her credit card account number.A. asking forB. ask forC. asked forD. having asked for36. I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise ________ I am sitting.A. beforeB. untilC. unlessD. where37. ________ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about.A. To lookB. LookingC. Having lookedD. Look38. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ________ interact with one another.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. what39. Among the crises that face humans ________ the lack of natural resources.A. isB. areC. is thereD. are there40. Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in ________ they arewearing.A. thatB. whatC. howD. whichSection BAs infants, we can recognize our mothers within hours of birth. In fact, we can recognize the 41 of our mother’s face well before we can recognize her body shape. It’s 42 how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age, especially since we don’t learn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to 43 such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood, but research around the world has begun to define the specific areas of the brain and processes 44 for facial recognition.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in 45 a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area (FFA), which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of familiar objects such as our clothes or cars, is from 46 in the brain. Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been 47 thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile, research at University College London has found that facial recognition is not a single process, but 48 involves three steps. The first step appears to be an analysis of the physical features of a person’s face, which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step, the brain decides whether the face we are looking at is already known or unknown to us. And finally, the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person whose face we are looking at. This complex 49 is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AOver the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is：Is economic globalization 50 for all?According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce 51 in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes 53 at an average rate of five percent—compared to two percent in developed countries.Those who 54 globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. 55 , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually 57 the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 58 from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. 59 , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to 60 their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of 61 . When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to 62 and will be crowded out.One thing is certain about globalization—there is no 63 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The 64 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all.50. A. possible B. smooth C. good D. easy51. A. crime B. poverty C. conflict D. population52. A. contributing B. responding C. turning D. owing53. A. remain B. drop C. shift D. increase54. A. doubt B. define C. advocate D. ignore55. A. In addition B. For instance C. In other words D. All in all56. A. mature B. new C. local D. foreign57. A. finding B. exploring C. bridging D. widening58. A. suffered B. profited C. learned D. withdrawn59. A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise60. A. consume B. deliver C. export D. advertise61. A. trouble B. business C. power D. mind62. A. keep up B. come in C. go around D. help out63. A. taking off B. getting along C. holding out D. turning back64. A. agreement B. prediction C. outcome D. challengeSection BAFor some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.”People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes (音调). Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale.As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music set them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. “I used to hate parties,”says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition.Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesn’t involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colors.Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say, ‘No thanks, I’m amusic,’” says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”65. Which of the following is true of amusics?A. Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.B. They love places where they are likely to hear music.C. They can easily tell two different songs apart.D. Their situation is well understood by musicians.66. According to paragraph 3, a person with “defective hearing”is probably one who __________.A. dislikes listening to speechesB. can hear anything nonmusicalC. has a hearing problemD. lacks a complex hearing system67. In the last paragraph, Margaret expressed her wish that __________.A. her problem with music had been diagnosed earlierB. she were seventeen years old rather than seventyC. her problem could be easily explainedD. she were able to meet other amusics68. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. Amusics’ strange behaviours.B. Some people’s inability to enjoy music.C. Musical talent and brain structure.D. Identification and treatment of amusics.BHome Laundry Automatic Dryer ProductFull Two Year Warranty (保修)Limited Five Year Warranty on Cabinet(机箱)Warranty Provides for：FIRST TWO YEARS Amana will repair or replace any faulty part free of charge.THIRD THRU FIFTH YEARS Amana will provide a free replacement part for any cabinet which proves faulty due to rust (生锈)。
上海市宝山区2013届高三英语一模试卷)
II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. Mitch tries to strike a balance _____ his work and his family life.A. overB. underC. betweenD. with26. Besides the occasional hotdog, I rarely eat _____ unhealthy.A. nothingB. anythingC. somethingD. none27. When disaster strikes, you _____ find yourself without water, gas andelectricity.A. mightB. mustC. shouldD. will28. Since the 14th and 15th centuries, the Diaoyu Islands _____ in Chinese maps.A. have been includedB. had been includedC. were includedD. would be included29. You may be able to prevent problems if you _____.A. are not preparedB. had preparedC. preparedD. are prepared30. He didn’t have chance to read many books, but folk stories _____ by local peoplebecame the root of Mo Yan’s later writings.A. to tellB. to be toldC. toldD. being told31. It was with their dolls _____ the girls entertained themselves.A. beforeB. sinceC. untilD. that32. Along with graduation _____ to look for a job!A. comes the needB. does the need comeC. the need comesD. is the need come33. Over time, overuse of antibiotics（抗生素）leads to bacteria that are resistant tothe drugs, _____ them all the harder to kill.A. makeB. to makeC. madeD. making34. There’s little privacy _____ you have to share a room with a family member.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. how35. You didn’t study for your test, so your teacher has a point about _____ youfailed!A. whyB. whatC. thatD. whether36. Sherry used a piece of bread _____ the rat into her trap.A. temptingB. temptedC. to temptD. to have tempted37. Activities on the farm range from milking cows to _____ the chickens to satisfythe needs of different people.A. feedB. fedC. feedingD. have fed38. Nowadays, you’ll notice a phenomenon _____ a lot of people are wearing jeans toconcerts.A. whereB. thatC. ifD. whether39. Shannon will continue to bother you with phone calls _____ you help her.A. as ifB. as far asC. untilD. as soon as40. Lucy has many positive personality features _____ make her popular at school.A. whereB. whatC. thatD. so that Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.outside. A study finds that accidents involving walkers 41 the devices have increased three times in recent years.Researchers combed several sources to find incidents in the U.S. of crashes 42 walkers and vehicles from 2004 to 2011. Searching the National Injury Surveillance System, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Google News archives and Westlaw Campus Research, they found 116 cases of death or injury involving walkers wearing headphones. Cases in which people were using mobile phones (including hands-free devices) were not included.Over the years the number of cases increased, from 16 in 2004 and 2005 to 47 in 2010 and 2011. The victims’ average age was 21, and most (68 percent) were male. The 43 ( 67percent ) were under the age of 30. Most (55 percent) were hit by trains, and 70 percent of the crashes, most of which were in urban areas, were 44 .In 74 percent of the cases, police or eyewitness reports said the walker had headphones on when hit. And 29 percent of reports made mention of horns or warning bells going off before the crash.The study authors pointed to two likely causes that may be a factor in what they call “the possible 45 between headphone use and walker injury”: sensory deprivation（感官剥夺）and 46 . The latter is more 47 called “inattentional blindness,”referring to the use of electronic devices and how they decrease attention to things going on around us.Hearing what’s going on in the environment, they point out, could be more important than 48 clues for walkers. But the authors add that this study doesn’t show cause or relationship of headphone use and walker risk, and other factors could have been involved in the accidents, such as walkers being intoxicated（陶醉）or drivers being at fault.More comprehensive information on such accidents is 49 , the researchers said, to see which groups of people may be most at risk.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Reading involves looking at illustrative symbols and expressing mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed 50 over the centuries. During the 1950’s and 1960’s especially, increased attention has been devoted to 51 the reading process. Although experts agree that reading 52 a complex organization of higher mental 53 , they disagree about the exact nature of the process. Some experts, who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, 54 reading as simply the decoding（解码）of symbols into the sounds they stand for.These authorities 55 that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain that reading is inexplainably related to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without 56 their meaning is not truly reading. The reader, 57 some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who 58 reads.Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its 59 . By some experts they would not be 60 as readers. Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one use. By the most 61 and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to 62 the sound-symbols code of the language, to interpret meaning for various 63 , at various rates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do so widely and enthusiastically. 64 , reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.50. A. specifically B. dramatically C. abstractly D. ridiculously51. A. understanding B. translating C. defining D. substituting52. A. involves B. concentrates C. specializes D. analyzes53. A. opinions B. effects C. manners D. functions54. A. view B. look C. reassure D. agree55. A. support B. argue C. attempt D. compete56. A. interpreting B. saying C. reciting D. reading57. A. in addition to B. for example C. according to D. such as58. A. completely B. carefully C. publically D. actually59. A. part B. whole C. standard D. straight60. A. applied B. granted C. classified D. graded61. A. instructive B. doubtful C. certain D. complicated62. A. strike B. illustrate C. define D. unlock63. A. purposes B. degrees C. stages D. steps64. A. On the other hand B. In short C. By the way D. So farSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Lighter and cheaper than high-quality video cameras, today’s best smartphones can shoot and edit high-definition (HD) videos. With lower-quality lenses(透镜) and image sensors, smartphones probably won’t replace professional video cameras anytime soon. Still, some creative filmmakers are extending the borders of smartphone moviemaking by shooting professional-quality films using only smartphones.Soon after Apple’s iPhone 4 was released, two filmmakers decided to make a short film using only their iPhone 4s. Michael Koerbel and Anna Elizabeth James shot and edited the one-and-a-half-minute film Apple of My Eye in only 48 hours. Audiences were fascinated with the film, in which a man and his grandfather connect emotionally while admiring a model train set in a store window. The filmmakers followed up their success with Goldilocks, an extraordinary spy novel told over nine, three-minute films.Many filmmakers are convinced that smartphone films are here to stay. One sign is their inclusion in major film festivals. In February 2012, organizers of the Berkshire International Film Festival staged the 10 X 10 On North Festival. Entries included Oliver by Hooman Khalili, an award-winning film about a girl whose special powers enable her to brighten the lives of three lonely people. Another entry was Yearlapse’11, a 365-second film by Zsolt Haraszti that describes an actual journey he made from New York to London.During the festival, which ran from February 16 to 26, these and many other smartphone films were shown at the Beacon Cinema in Pittsfield, Massachusetts. Similar festivals in Canada and South Korea have given smartphone filmmakers opportunities to show off their creative work.65. What does the article imply about smartphone filmmakers?A. Their efforts have gotten little attention.B. Their biggest challenge is finding actors.C. They’ve influenced famous movie studiosD. They must overcome equipment limitations.66. What does the article point out about Haraszti’s film?A. It uses slow-motion effects.B. It took just minutes to make.C. Its cast was quite large.D. It’s based on true events.67. Which film is about secret agents?A. Apple of My Eye.B. Goldilocks.C. Olive.D. Yearlapse ’11.68. According to this article, what is true about the festivals in Canada and South Korea?A. They’re held at the same time of year.B. They’re part of an emerging trend.C. They both receive government support.D. They’re still in the planning stages.(B)We Are Now Open Daily thru Columbus DayThe museum and store are open from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.throughout the season. Trolley rides start with the first departure at 10:05 a.m. and continue until the endAt 7:30 p.m., every Wednesday and Thursday evening in July and August, join us for a special sunset trolley ride with ice-cream included. Bring the whole family!Exhibits, and use of our picnic areas to enjoy your own picnic lunch.69. From now on to Columbus Day, the museum is open _____.A. only on Sundays and SaturdaysB. on sunny daysC. every dayD. all of the above70. If a family of 4 persons — one senior, a couple and a 12-year-old boy — are takinga sunset trolley ride, how much is the total admission fee?A. $18.B. $25.5.C. $33.D. $39.5.71. Which one of the following is NOT included in the admission?A. Unlimited sunset trolley ride.B. Access to the Museum Grounds.C. A visit to the Museum Exhibits.D. A use of the museum picnic areas.( C )Discoveries in science and technology are thought by “untaught minds” to come in blinding flashes or as the result of dramatic accidents. Sir Alexander Fleming did not, as legend would have it, look at the mold ( 霉) on a piece of cheese and get the idea for penicillin there and then. He experimented with antibacterial substances for nine years before he made his discovery. Inventions and innovations almost always come out of tough trial and error. Innovation is like soccer; even the best players miss the goal and have their shots blocked much more frequently than they score.The point is that the players who score most are the ones who take most shots at the goal—and so it goes with innovation in any field of activity. The prime difference between innovation and others is one of approach. Everybody gets ideas, but innovators work consciously on theirs, and they follow them through until they prove practicable or otherwise. What ordinary people see as fanciful abstractions, professional innovators see as solid possibilities.“Creative thinking may mean simply the realization that there’s no particular goodness in doing things the way they have always been done.” Wrote Rudolph Flesch, a language authority. This accounts for our reaction to seemingly simple innovations like plastic garbage bags and suitcases on wheels that make life more convenient: “How come nobody thought of that before?”The creative approach begins with the proposal that nothing be as it appears. Innovators will not accept that there is only one way to do anything. Faced with getting from A to B, the average person will automatically set out on the best-known and apparently simplest route. The innovator will search for alternate courses, which may prove easier in the long run and are sure to be more interesting and challenging even if they lead to dead ends. Highly creative individuals really do march to a different drummer.72. What does the author probably mean by “untaught mind” in the first paragraph?A. An individual who often comes up with new ideas by accident.B. A person who has had no education.C. A citizen of a society that restricts personal creativity.D. A person ignorant of the hard work involved in experimentation.73. According to the author, what differs innovators from non-innovators?A. The way they present their findings.B. The way they deal with problems.C. The intelligence they possess.D. The variety of ideas they have.74.The phrase “march to a different drummer ” (the last line of the passage) suggests that highly creative individuals are _____.A. unwilling to follow common ways of doing thingsB. diligent in pursuing their goalsC. concerned about the advance of societyD. devoted to the progress of science75.The most suitable title for this passage might be _____.A. The Relation Between Creation and DiligenceB. To Be a Creative Expert in the Study of Human CreativityC. What Are So Special about Creative IndividualsD. Discoveries and InnovationSection C Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.Dieting is hard work, and there are plenty of “helpful ” diet tricks that can make weight loss even harder! Here are some common myths about losing weight and the truth behind them.and bad carbs. Refined and processed foods, like white bread or white rice, are examples of bad carbs. Good carbs include whole wheat bread and brown rice. They ’re rich in fiber and really good for you!calories throughout the day. And if you know you ’re going to be eating a big meal later, don ’t starve yourself in order to “save your calories.” You ’ll just eat more during the meal because you ’re so hungry! Instead, eat smaller meals a couple days before and after, and exercise more.’t work. You can ’t target where you lose weight. Cardio exercises will help burn fat, while weightA. Your weight depends on your genes.B. Say “no ” to junk food —no exceptions.C. Carbs are good or bad for you.D. Skipping meals helps you lose more weight.E. It is difficult to lose weight.F. You can control where your body loses weight.training helps build muscles. Your “trouble areas” might not be the first to slim down, but keep exercising!’re not destined to be fat. While a “fat gene” does exist, its influence on your size is actually pretty small. Smart eating and exercise have a much greater impact than your genes. Only 25 percent of your weight is controlled by genes—the rest is up to you!the more restrictive your diet is, the more likely you are to break it—and in a big way. To lose weight and keep it off, eat great 80 percent of the time, but indulge in a treat or two the other 20 percent.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.That experiences influence future behaviour is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. So called intelligent behaviour demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory. Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences.Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material. Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one’s memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids situation in time, since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration.Another line of thought assumes a memory storage system of limited capacity that provides adaptive flexibility specifically through forgetting. In this view, continual adjustments are made between learning or memory storage (input) and forgetting(output). Indeed, there is evidence that the rate at which individualsforget is directly related to how much they have learned. Such data offer common support of contemporary models of memory that assume an input-output balance. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)81. According to Para. 1, memory plays an important role in _____________________________.82. We can obviously notice that over a period of no practice what has been learnedtends to be forgotten from ____________________________________________________________ ___.83. What does it seem that the author disagree to explain?84. According to the last paragraph, how do we exactly make adjustments betweenmemory and forgetting?第II卷（共45分）IV. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.85. 今天的报告有多少人缺席？( absent )86. 对自己有信心是获取成功的第一步。
2013年上海市高考英语试卷及答案完美解析(word版)
2012-2013学年上海市高考英语试卷考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷（共105分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A basketball player. B. A laundry worker.C. A window washer.D. A rock climber2. A. She is not hungry. B. She wants to cook.C. She is not tired.D. She wants to dine out.3. A. Promising. B. Isolated C. Crowded. D. Modern4. A. To a stationery shop. B. To a gymnasium.C. To a paint store.D. To a news stand.5. A. The man can see a different view. B. The food is not tasty enough.C. The man cannot afford the food.D. The food is worth the price.6. A. She reads different kinds of books. B. She also finds the book difficult to read.C. She is impressed by the characters.D. She knows well how to remember names.7. A. The man will go to the post office. B. The post office is closed for the day.C. The woman is expecting the newspaper.D. The delivery boy has been dismissed.8. A. She is not sure if she can join them. B. She will skip the class to see the film.C. She will ask the professor for leave.D. She does not want to see a film.9. A. Fashion designing is a booming business. B. School learning is a must for fashion designers.C. He hopes to attend a good fashion school.D. The woman should become a fashion designer.10. A. Few people drive within the speed limit. B. Drivers usually obey traffic rules.C. The speed limit is really reasonable.D. The police stop most drivers for speedingSection BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A book publisher. B. A company manager.C. A magazine editor.D. A school principal.12. A. Some training experience. B. A happy family.C. Russian assistants' help.D. A good memory.13. A. Lynn’s devotion to the family. B. Lynn’s busy and successful life.C. Lynn’s great performance at work.D. Lynn’s efficiency in conducting programs.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Economic questions. B. Routine questions.C. Academic questions.D. Challenging questions.15. A. Work experience. B. Educational qualifications.C. Problem-solving abilities.D. Information-gathering abilities.16. A. Features of different types of interview. B. Skills in asking interview questions.C. Changes in three interview models.D. Suggestions for different job interviews.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Latest Conference InformationDate: 8th 17Place: Palace 18 , ShanghaiRegistration fee: $ 19Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.An Interview with David, a Skateboarding (滑板运动) LoverII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. — I’m looking for a nearby place for my holiday. Any good ideas?— How about the Moon Lake? It is ________ easy reach of the city.A. byB. beyondC. withinD. from26. Those who smoke heavily should remind ________ of health, the bad smell and the feelings of otherpeople.A. theirsB. themC. themselvesD. oneself27. Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn’t enter the house, for he ________ his key at school.A. had leftB. would leaveC. was leavingD. has left28. It’s a ________ clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.A. charming French smallB. French small charmingC. small French charmingD. charming small French29. The school board is made up of parents who ________ to make decisions about school affairs.A. had been electedB. had electedC. have been electedD. have elected30. They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, ________ they might have. A. however difficult B. how difficult C. whatever difficultyD. what difficulty31. The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really ________. A. to be worriedB. to worryC. having worriedD. worried32. The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ________ society for real-life experience. A. exploreB. to exploreC. exploringD. explored33. I have no idea ________ the cell phone isn’t working, so could you fix it for me? A. whatB. whyC. ifD. which34. Young people may risk ________ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day. A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone35. Sophia got an e-mail ________ her credit card account number. A. asking forB. ask forC. asked forD. having asked for36. I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise ________ I am sitting. A. beforeB. untilC. unlessD. where37. ________ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about. A. To lookB. LookingC. Having lookedD. Look38. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ________ interact with one another. A. thatB. whereC. whoD. what39. Among the crises that face humans ________ the lack of natural resources. A. isB. areC. is thereD. are there40. Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in ________ they are wearing. A. that B. what C. how D. whichSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.As infants, we can recognize our mothers within hours of birth. In fact, we can recognize the 41of ourmother’s face well before we can recognize her body shape. It’s 42 how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age, especially since we don’t learn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to 43 such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood, but research around the world has begun to define the specific areas of the brain and processes 44 for facial recognition.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in 45 a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area (FFA), which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of familiar objects such as our clothes or cars, is from 46 in the brain. Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been 47 thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile, research at University College London has found that facial recognition is not a single process, but 48 involves three steps. The first step appears to be an analysis of the physical features of a person’s face, which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step, the brain decides whether the face we are looking at is already known or unknown to us. And finally, the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person whose face we are looking at. This complex 49 is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations.(324 words)III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is：Is economic globalization 50 for all?According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce 51 in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes 53 at an average rate of five percent—compared to two percent in developed countries.Those who 54 globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. 55 , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that wouldoriginally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually 57 the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 58 from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. 59 , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to 60 their products may soon face fierce competition that could pot them out of 61 . When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to 62 and will be crowded out.One thing is certain about globalization—there is no 63 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The 64 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all.(347 words)50. A. possible B. smooth C. good D. easy51. A. crime B. poverty C. conflict D. population52. A. contributing B. responding C. turning D. owing53. A. remain B. drop C. shift D. increase54. A. doubt B. define C. advocate D. ignore55. A. In addition B. For instance C. In other words D. All in all56. A. mature B. new C. local D. foreign57. A. finding B. exploring C. bridging D. widening58. A. suffered B. profited C. learned D. withdrawn59. A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise60. A. consume B. deliver C. export D. advertise61. A. trouble B. business C. power D. mind62. A. keep up B. come in C. go around D. help out63. A. taking off B. getting along C. holding out D. turning back64. A. agreement B. prediction C. outcome D. challengeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinishedstatements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AFor some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.” People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes (音调). Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale.As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music set them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. “I used to hate parties,” says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition.Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesn’t involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colors.Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say, ‘No thanks, I’m amusic,’” says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”(335 words)65. Which of the following is true of amusics?A. Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.B. They love places where they are likely to hear music.C. They can easily tell two different songs apart.D. Their situation is well understood by musicians.66. According to paragraph 3, a person with “defective hearing” is probably one who __________.A. dislikes listening to speechesB. can hear anything nonmusicalC. has a hearing problemD. lacks a complex hearing system67. In the last paragraph, Margaret expressed her wish that __________.A. her problem with music had been diagnosed earlierB. she were seventeen years old rather than seventyC. her problem could be easily explainedD. she were able to meet other amusics68. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. Amusics’ strange behaviours.B. Some people’s inability to enjoy music.C. Musical talent and brain structure.D. Identification and treatment of amusics.B(268 words)69. According to Warranty Limitations, a product can be under warranty if __________.A. shipped from a Canadian factoryB. rented for home useC. repaired by the user himselfD. used in the U.S.A.70. According to Owner’s Responsibilities, an owner has to pay for __________.A. the loss of the sales receiptB. a servicer’s overtime workC. the product installationD. a mechanic’s transportation71. Which of the following is true according to the warranty?A. Consequential damages are excluded across America.B. A product damaged in a natural disaster is covered by the warranty.C. A faulty cabinet due to rust can be replaced free in the second year.D. Free repair is available for a product used improperly in the first year.CA team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.“It’s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件),” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s connected to,” said Wood. The flight device wasbuilt into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”(392 words)72. The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that __________.A. they had no model in their mindB. they did not have sufficient timeC. they had no ready-made componentsD. they could not assemble the components73. It can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly __________.A. consists of a flight device and a control systemB. can just fly in limited areas at the present timeC. can collect information from many sourcesD. has been put into wide application74. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.C. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.D. Wood’s design can replace animals in some experiments.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Father of Robotic FlyB. Inspiration from Engineering ScienceC. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life InsectD. Harvard Breaks Through in Insect StudySection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A—F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.76.The use of health supplements such as multivitamin tablets has increased greatly in the western world. People take these supplementsbecause advertisingsuggests that they preventa range of medical conditions from developing. However, there is concern that people are consuming worryingly high doses of these supplements and the European Union (EU) has issued a directive that will ban the sale of a wide range of them. This EU directive should be supported.77. Research suggests that people who take Vitamin C supplements of over 5000 milligrams a day are more likely to develop cancer. This shows how much damage these health supplements do to people’s health. A spokesman for the health supplement industry has argued that other research shows that Vitamin C supplements help prevent heart disease, but we can dismiss this evidence as it is from a biased source.78. Science fiction of the 1960s and 1970s predicted that pills would replace meals as the way in which people would get the fuel they needed. This, it was argued, would mean a more efficient use of time as people wouldn’t have to waste it preparing or eating meals. The EU directive would help prevent this nightmare of pills replacing food becoming a reality.79. Peop0le already take too many pills instead of adopting a healthier lifestyle. For example, the consumption of painkillers in Britain in 1998 was 21 tablets per year for every man, woman and child in the country. People do not need all these pills.80.Some might argue that the EU directive denies people’s right to freedom of choice. However, there are many legal examples for such intervention when it is in the individual’s best interests. We now make people wear seatbelts rather than allowing them to choose to do so. Opposing the EU directive would mean beneficial measures like this would be threatened.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.A study of more than five million books, both fiction and non-fiction, has found a marked decline in the use of emotional words over time. The researchers form the University of Bristol used Google Ngram Viewer, a facility for finding the frequency of terms in scanned books, to search for more than 600 particular words identified as representing anger, dislike, fear, joy, sadness and surprise.They found that almost all of the categories (类别) showed a drop in these “mood words” over time. Only in the category of fear was there an increase in usage.“It is a steady and continuous decrease,” said Dr Alberto Acerbi. He assumed that the result might be explained by a change in the position occupied by literature, in a crowded media landscape. “One thing could be that in parallel to books the 20th century saw the start of other media. Maybe these media—movies, radio, drama—had more emotional content than books.”Although both joy and sadness followed the general downwards trend, the research, published in the journal PLOS One, found that they also exhibited another interesting behaviour：the ratio (比率) between the two varied greatly, apparently mirroring historical events.During the Roaring Twenties the joy-to-sadness ratio reached a peak that would not occur again until before the recent financial crash. But the ratio plunged at the height of the Second World War. Nevertheless, the researchers held a reserved opinion about their claim that their result reflected wider social trends. In the paper, they even argue that the reverse could be true.“It has been suggested, for example, that it was the suppression (压抑) of desire in ordinary Elizabethan English life that increased demand for writing ‘filled with romance and sex’… perhaps,” they conclude, “songs and books may not reflect the real population any more than catwalk models reflect the average body.”(Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. A study of more than five million books indicated a decline in “mood words” over time except_______________.82. According to Dr Alberto Acerbi, one reason for the drop of “mood words” in books may be that_______________.83. What were the two periods when the joy-to-sadness ratio was at its highest?84. While the researchers found some changes in the use of “mood words” in books, they werenot sure that _______________.第Ⅱ卷（共45分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 今年元旦我们玩得很开心。
2013年上海高考 英语试卷(含听力文字及答案)
上海市教育考试院 保留版权英语2013 第1页（共13页）2013年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海 英语试卷后二位 校验码 号 码考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I 卷（第1-12页）和第II 卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I 卷 (共105分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections : In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At theend of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A basketball player. B. A laundry worker. C. A window washer. D. A rock climber.2. A. She is not hungry. B. She wants to cook. C. She is not tired.D. She wants to dine out. 3. A. Promising. B. Isolated.C. Crowded.D. Modern.4. A. To a stationery shop. B. To a gymnasium. C. To a paint store.D. To a news stand.5. A. The man can see a different view. B. The food is not tasty enough. C. The man cannot afford the food.D. The food is worth the price.○密封线内不要答题6. A. She reads different kinds of books. B. She also finds the book difficult to read.C. She is impressed by the characters.D. She knows well how to remember names.7. A. The man will go to the post office. B. The post office is closed for the day.C. The woman is expecting the newspaper.D. The delivery boy has been dismissed.8. A. She is not sure if she can join them. B. She will skip the class to see the film.C. She will ask the professor for leave.D. She does not want to see the film.9. A. Fashion designing is a booming business.B. School learning is a must for fashion designers.C. He hopes to attend a good fashion school.D. The woman should become a fashion designer.10. A. Few people drive within the speed limit. B. Drivers usually obey traffic rules.C. The speed limit is really reasonable.D. The police stop most drivers for speeding.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A book publisher. B. A company manager.C. A magazine editor.D. A school principal.12. A. Some training experience. B. A happy family.C. Russian assistants‘ help.D. A good memory.13. A. Lynn‘s devotion to the family.B. Lynn‘s busy and successful life.C. Lynn‘s great performance at work.D. Lynn‘s efficiency in conducting programs.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Economic questions. B. Routine questions.C. Academic questions.D. Challenging questions.15. A. Work experience. B. Educational qualifications.C. Problem-solving abilities.D. Information-gathering abilities.16. A. Features of different types of interview. B. Skills in asking interview questions.C. Changes in three interview models.D. Suggestions for different job interviews.英语2013 第2页（共13页）Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. — I‘m looking for a nearby place for my holiday. Any good ideas?— How about the Moon Lake? It is _____ easy reach of the city.A. byB. beyondC. withinD. from26. Those who smoke heavily should remind _____ of health, the bad smell and the feelings ofother people.A. theirsB. themC. themselvesD. oneself英语2013 第3页（共13页）27. Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn‘t enter the house, for he _____ his key at school.A. had leftB. would leaveC. was leavingD. has left28. It‘s a _____ clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.A. charming French smallB. French small charmingC. small French charmingD. charming small French29. The school board is made up of parents who _____ to make decisions about school affairs.A. had been electedB. had electedC. have been electedD. have elected30. They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, _____ they might have.A. however difficultB. how difficultC. whatever difficultyD. what difficulty31. The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really _____.A. to be worriedB. to worryC. having worriedD. worried32. The students are looking forward to having an opportunity _____ society for real-lifeexperience.A. exploreB. to exploreC. exploringD. explored33. I have no idea _____ the cell phone isn‘t working, so could you fix it for me?A. whatB. whyC. ifD. which34. Young people may risk _____ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone35. Sophia got an e-mail _____ her credit card account number.A. asking forB. ask forC. asked forD. having asked for36. I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise _____ I am sitting.A. beforeB. untilC. unlessD. where37. _____ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading isabout.A. To lookB. LookingC. Having lookedD. Look38. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area _____ interact with oneanother.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. what39. Among the crises that face humans _____ the lack of natural resources.A. isB. areC. is thereD. are there40. Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in _____ theyare wearing.A. thatB. whatC. howD. which英语2013 第4页（共13页）Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.As infants, we can recognize our mothers within hours of birth. In fact, we can recognize the 41 of our mother‘s face well before we can recognize her body shape. It‘s 42 how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age, especially since we don‘t learn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to 43 such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood, but research around the world has begun to define the specific areas of the brain and processes 44 for facial recognition.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in 45 a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area (FFA), which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of familiar objects, such as our clothes or cars, is from 46 in the brain. Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been 47 thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile, research at University College London has found that facial recognition is not a single process, but 48 involves three steps. The first step appears to be an analysis of the physical features of a person‘s face, which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step, the brain decides whether the face we are looking at is already known or unknown to us. And finally, the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person whose face we are looking at. This complex 49 is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.英语2013 第5页（共13页）Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up their markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is: Is economic globalization 50 for all?According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce 51 in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economics into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes 53 at an average rate of five percent—compared to two percent in developed countries.Those who 54 globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. 55 , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually 57 the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 58 from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. 59 , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to 60 their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of 61 . When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to 62 and will be crowded out.One thing is certain about globalization—there is no 63 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world.The64 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all.50. A. possible B. smooth C. good D. easy51. A. crime B. poverty C. conflict D. population52. A. contributing B. responding C. turning D. owing53. A. remain B. drop C. shift D. increase54. A. doubt B. define C. advocate D. ignore55. A. In addition B. For instance C. In other words D. All in all56. A. mature B. new C. local D. foreign57. A. finding B. exploring C. bridging D. widening58. A. suffered B. profited C. learned D. withdrawn59. A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise60. A. consume B. deliver C. export D. advertise61. A. trouble B. business C. power D. mind62. A. keep up B. come in C. go around D. help out英语2013 第6页（共13页）63. A. taking off B. getting along C. holding out D. turning back64. A. agreement B. prediction C. outcome D. challengeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)For some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call ―amusic.‖People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes(音调). Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale.As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music sets them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. ―I used to hate parties,‖says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition.Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesn‘t involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can‘t see certain colors.Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed(诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. ―When people invite me to a concert, I just say, ‗No thanks, I‘m amusic,‘‖ says Margaret. ―I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.‖65. Which of the following is true of amusics?A. Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.B. They love places where they are likely to hear music.C. They can easily tell two different songs apart.D. Their situation is well understood by musicians.66. According to paragraph 3, a person with ―defective hearing‖ is probably one who _____.A. dislikes listening to speechesB. can hear anything nonmusicalC. has a hearing problemD. lacks a complex hearing system英语2013 第7页（共13页）67. In the last paragraph, Margaret expressed her wish that _____.A. her problem with music had been diagnosed earlierB. she were seventeen years old rather than seventyC. her problem could be easily explainedD. she were able to meet other amusics68. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. Amusics‘ strange behaviours.B. Some people‘s inability to enjoy music.C. Musical talent and brain structure.D. Identification and treatment of amusics.(B)Home Laundry Automatic Dryer ProductFull Two Year Warranty(保修)Limited Five Year Warranty on Cabinet (机箱)Warranty Provides for:FIRST TWO YEARS Amana will repair or replace any faulty part free of charge.THIRD THRU FIFTH YEARS Amana will provide a free replacement part for any cabinet which proves faulty due to rust (生锈).Warranty Limitations:•Warranty begins at date of original purchase. •Applies only to product used within the United States or in Canada if product is approved by Canadian Standards Association when shipped from factory.•Products used on a commercial or rental basis are not covered by this warranty.•Service must be performed by an Amana servicer.•Adjustments covered during first year only.Warranty Does Not Cover It If:•Product has damage due to product alteration, connection to an improper electrical supply, shipping and handling, accident, fire, floods, lightning or other conditions beyond the control of Amana.•Product is improperly installed or applied. Owner’s Responsibilities:•Provide sales receipt.•Normal care and maintenance. •Having the product reasonably accessible for service.•Pay for service calls related to product installation or usage instructions. •Pay for extra service costs, over normal service charges, if servicer is requested to perform service outside servicer‘s normal business hours.In no event shall Amana be responsible for consequential damages.**This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may have others which vary from state to state. For example, some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of consequential damages, so this exclusion may not apply to you.英语2013 第8页（共13页）69. According to Warranty Limitations, a product can be under warranty if _____.A. shipped from a Canadian factoryB. rented for home useC. repaired by the user himselfD. used in the U.S.A.70. According to Owner’s Responsibilities, an owner has to pay for _____.A. the loss of the sales receiptB. a servicer‘s overtime workC. the product installationD. a mechanic‘s transportation71. Which of the following is true according to the warranty?A. Consequential damages are excluded across America.B. A product damaged in a natural disaster is covered by the warranty.C. A faulty cabinet due to rust can be replaced free in the second year.D. Free repair is available for a product used improperly in the first year.(C)A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.―It‘s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件),‖ said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. ―The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,‖ he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. ―The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it‘s connected to,‖said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers‘ fields or on the battlefield. ―Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,‖ he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. ―You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,‖ he said. ―So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis.‖英语2013 第9页（共13页）72. The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that _____.A. they had no model in their mindB. they did not have sufficient timeC. they had no ready-made componentsD. they could not assemble the components73. It can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly _____.A. consists of a flight device and a control systemB. can just fly in limited areas at the present timeC. can collect information from many sourcesD. has been put into wide application74. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.C. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.D. Wood‘s design can replace animals in some experiments.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Father of Robotic FlyB. Inspiration from Engineering ScienceC. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life InsectD. Harvard Breaks Through in Insect StudySection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.英语2013 第10页（共13页）76.The use of health supplements such as multivitamin tablets has increased greatly in the western world. People take these supplements because advertising suggests that they prevent a range of medical conditions from developing. However, there is concern that people are consuming worryingly high doses of these supplements and the European Union (EU) has issued a directive that will ban the sale of a wide range of them. This EU directive should be supported.77.Research suggests that people who take Vitamin C supplements of over 5000 milligrams a day are more likely to develop cancer.This shows how much damage these health supplements do to people‘s health. A spokesman for the health supplement industry has argued that other research shows that Vitamin C supplements help prevent heart disease, but we can dismiss this78.Science fiction of the 1960s and 1970s predicted that pills would replace meals as the way in which people would get the fuel they needed. This, it was argued, would means a more efficient use of time as people wouldn‘t have to waste it preparing or eating meals. The EU directive would help prevent this nightmare of pills replacing food becoming a reality.79.People already take too many pills instead of adopting a healthier lifestyle. For example, the consumption of painkillers in Britain in 1998 was 21 tablets per year for every men, woman and child in the country. People do not need all these pills.80.Some might argue that the EU directive denies people‘s right to freedom of choice. However, there are many legal examples for such intervention when it is in the individual‘s best interests. We now make people wear seatbelts rather than allowing them to choose to do so. Opposing the EU directive would mean beneficial measures like this would be threatened.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully.Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.A study of more than five million books, both fiction and non-fiction, has found a marked decline in the use of emotional words over time. The researchers from the University of Bristol used Google Ngram Viewer, a facility for finding the frequency of terms in scanned books, to search for more than 600 particular words identified as representing anger, dislike, fear, joy, sadness and surprise.They found that almost all of the categories (类别) showed a drop in these ―mood words‖over time. Only in the category of fear was there an increase in usage.―It is a steady and continuous decrease,‖ said Dr Alberto Acerbi. He assumed that the result might be explained by a change in the position occupied by literature, in a crowded media landscape. ―One thing could be that in parallel to books the 20th century saw the start of other media. Maybe these media—movies, radio, drama—had more emotional content than books.‖Although both joy and sadness followed the general downwards trend, the research, published in the journal PLOS One, found that they also exhibited another interesting behavior: the ratio (比率) between the two varied greatly, apparently mirroring historical events.During the Roaring Twenties the joy-to-sadness ratio reached a peak that would not occur again until before the recent financial crash. But the ratio plunged at the height of the Second World War. Nevertheless, the researchers held a reserved opinion about their claim that their result reflected wider social trends. In the paper, they even argue that the reverse could be true.―It has been suggested, for example, that it was the suppression (压抑) of desire in ordinary Elizabethan English life that increased demand for writing ‗filled with romance and sex‘…perhaps,‖they conclude, ―songs and books may not reflect the real population any more than catwalk models reflect the average body.‖(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81.A study of more than five million books indicated a decline in―mood words‖over timeexcept__________.82. According to Dr Alberto Acerbi, one reason for the drop of ―mood words‖ in books may bethat __________.83. What were the two periods when the joy-to-sadness ratio was at its highest?84.While the researchers found some changes in the use of―mood words‖in books,they werenot sure that __________.第II卷(共45分)I. TranslationDirection: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 今年元旦我们玩得很开心。
上海市宝山区2013届高三上学期期末教学质量调研英语试题Word版含答案
宝山区2012学年第一学期期末高三年级英语学科质量监测试卷（一模）考生注意：1、本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。
全卷共11页。
满分150分。
考试时间120分钟。
2、答第一卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写学校、班级、姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号。
3、第I卷（1—16小题，25 — 80小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。
答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
第I卷中的第17—24小题、81—84小题和第II卷的试题在电脑上阅卷，其答案用黑色或蓝色钢笔或水笔写在答题卡上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
答题时，请按题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案一律无效。
第I卷（共105分）Ⅰ. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. 20 pounds. B. 60 pounds. C. 30 pounds. D. 40 pounds.2. A. At 7:10. B. At 8:00. C. At 7:50. D. At 7:30.3. A. In a hospital. B. In a restaurant. C. At a bank. D. At a cinema.4. A. Barbara and the speaker. B. The student himself.C. Barbara.D. The teacher.5. A. Help him to find his luggage. B. Go with him.C. Take care of his luggage.D. Tell him the time.6. A. The woman shows the disappointment at what the man will do.B. The woman would like to join them.C. The woman suggests the man should reconsider his plan.D. The woman tries to persuade the man not to go with Jerry.7. A. She thinks the man should be preparing for his final exams.B. She is not interested in Disneyland.C. She thinks the man needs a holiday.D. She thinks the man should forget his final party.8. A. Dangerous. B. Brave. C. Rude. D. Modest.9. A. The rain is not expected to last much longer.B. The next few days are supposed to be sunny and warm.C. Clouds and cold weather are expected.D. It will be much better than it already is.10. A. She likes what he prepares for her.B. He gives her an extra bedroom.C. He offers to take her home as soon as possible.D. She is very pleased with her stay at his home.Section B PassagesDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Reasonable. B. A little bit high. C. Hard to afford. D. Quite low.12. A. Banks. B. Friends. C. Parents. D. Schools.13. A. Medical schools reduce the tuition.B. Medical schools receive money from the government.C. Medical schools borrow money from banks.D. Medical students study for a shorter time.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It can help to learn how to serve their parents.B. It can help to learn how to become strong and fat.C. Children will benefit from it and prepare themselves for the future.D. It can make children more confident and cleverer.15. A. Broken radios and television sets are useful.B. One’s curiosity may be useful for his later life.C. An engineer must fix many broken radios.D. A good student should spend much time repairing radios.16. A. The parents’ ideas of educating their children do have some problems.B. The education system in China is less than satisfactory.C. It’s important to develop children’s skills.D. Children’s hobby is a key to success in the future.Section C Longer ConversationsDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. Mitch tries to strike a balance _____ his work and his family life.A. overB. underC. betweenD. with26. Besides the occasional hotdog, I rarely eat _____ unhealthy.A. nothingB. anythingC. somethingD. none27. When disaster strikes, you _____ find yourself without water, gas and electricity.A. mightB. mustC. shouldD. will28. Since the 14th and 15th centuries, the Diaoyu Islands _____ in Chinese maps.A. have been includedB. had been includedC. were includedD. would be included29. You may be able to prevent problems if you _____.A. are not preparedB. had preparedC. preparedD. are prepared30. He didn’t have chance to read many books, but folk st ories _____ by local people became theroot of Mo Yan’s later writings.A. to tellB. to be toldC. toldD. being told31. It was with their dolls _____ the girls entertained themselves.A. beforeB. sinceC. untilD. that32. Along with graduation _____ to look for a job!A. comes the needB. does the need comeC. the need comesD. is the needcome33. Over time, overuse of antibiotics（抗生素）leads to bacteria that are resistant to the drugs,_____ them all the harder to kill.A. makeB. to makeC. madeD. making34. There’s little privacy _____ you have to share a room with a family member.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. how35. You didn’t study for your test, so your teacher has a point about _____ you failed!A. whyB. whatC. thatD. whether36. Sherry used a piece of bread _____ the rat into her trap.A. temptingB. temptedC. to temptD. to have tempted37. Activities on the farm range from milking cows to _____ the chickens to satisfy the needs ofdifferent people.A. feedB. fedC. feedingD. have fed38. Nowadays, you’ll notice a phenomenon _____ a lot of people are wearing jeans to concerts.A. whereB. thatC. ifD. whether39. Shannon will continue to bother you with phone calls _____ you help her.A. as ifB. as far asC. untilD. as soon as40. Lucy has many positive personality features _____ make her popular at school.A. whereB. whatC. thatD. so thatSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A study finds that accidents involving walkers 41 the devices have increased three times in recent years.Researchers combed several sources to find incidents in the U.S. of crashes 42 walkers and vehicles from 2004 to 2011. Searching the National Injury Surveillance System, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Google News archives and Westlaw Campus Research, they found 116 cases of death or injury involving walkers wearing headphones. Cases in which people were using mobile phones (including hands-free devices) were not included.Over the years the number of cases increased, from 16 in 2004 and 2005 to 47 in 2010 and 2011. The victims’ average age was 21, and most (68 percent) were male. The 43 ( 67percent ) were under the age of 30. Most (55 percent) were hit by trains, and 70 percent of the crashes, most of which were in urban areas, were 44 .In 74 percent of the cases, police or eyewitness reports said the walker had headphones on when hit. And 29 percent of reports made mention of horns or warning bells going off before the crash.The study authors pointed to two likely causes that may be a factor in what they call “the possible 45 between headphone use and walker injury”: sensory deprivation（感官剥夺）and 46 . The latter is more 47 called “inattentional blindness,”referring to the use of electronic devices and how they decrease attention to things going on around us.Hearing what’s going on in the environment, they point out, could be more important than 48 clues for walkers. But the authors add that this study doesn’t show cause or relationship of headphone use and walker risk, and other factors could have been involved in the accidents, such as walkers being intoxicated（陶醉）or drivers being at fault.More comprehensive information on such accidents is 49 , the researchers said, to seewhich groups of people may be most at risk.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Reading involves looking at illustrative symbols and expressing mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed 50 over the centuries. During the 1950’s and 1960’s especially, increased attention has been devoted to 51 the reading process. Although experts agree that reading 52 a complex organization of higher mental 53 , they disagree about the exact nature of the process. Some experts, who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, 54 reading as simply the decoding（解码）of symbols into the sounds they stand for.These authorities 55 that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain that reading is inexplainably related to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without 56 their meaning is not truly reading. The reader, 57 some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who 58 reads.Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its 59 . By some experts they would not be 60 as readers. Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one use. By the most 61 and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to 62 the sound-symbols code of the language, to interpret meaning for various 63 , at various rates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do so widely and enthusiastically. 64 , reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.50. A. specifically B. dramatically C. abstractly D. ridiculously51. A. understanding B. translating C. defining D. substituting52. A. involves B. concentrates C. specializes D. analyzes53. A. opinions B. effects C. manners D. functions54. A. view B. look C. reassure D. agree55. A. support B. argue C. attempt D. compete56. A. interpreting B. saying C. reciting D. reading57. A. in addition to B. for example C. according to D. such as58. A. completely B. carefully C. publically D. actually59. A. part B. whole C. standard D. straight60. A. applied B. granted C. classified D. graded61. A. instructive B. doubtful C. certain D. complicated62. A. strike B. illustrate C. define D. unlock63. A. purposes B. degrees C. stages D. steps64. A. On the other hand B. In short C. By the way D. So farSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Lighter and cheaper than high-quality video cameras, today’s best smartphones can shoot and edit high-definition (HD) videos. With lower-quality lenses(透镜) and image sensors, smartphones probably won’t replace professional video cameras anytime soon. Still, some creative filmmakers are extending the borders of smartphone moviemaking by shooting professional-quality films using only smartphones.Soon after Apple’s iPhone 4 was released, two filmmakers decided to make a short film using only their iPhone 4s. Michael Koerbel and Anna Elizabeth James shot and edited the one-and-a-half-minute film Apple of My Eye in only 48 hours. Audiences were fascinated with the film, in which a man and his grandfather connect emotionally while admiring a model train set in a store window. The filmmakers followed up their success with Goldilocks, an extraordinary spy novel told over nine, three-minute films.Many filmmakers are convinced that smartphone films are here to stay. One sign is their inclusion in major film festivals. In February 2012, organizers of the Berkshire International Film Festival staged the 10 X 10 On North Festival. Entries included Oliver by Hooman Khalili, an award-winning film about a girl whose special powers enable her to brighten the lives of three lonely people. Another entry was Yearlapse’11, a 365-second film by Zsolt Haraszti that describes an actual journey he made from New York to London.During the festival, which ran from February 16 to 26, these and many other smartphone films were shown at the Beacon Cinema in Pittsfield, Massachusetts. Similar festivals in Canada and South Korea have given smartphone filmmakers opportunities to show off their creative work.65. What does the article imply about smartphone filmmakers?A. Their efforts have gotten little attention.B. Their biggest challenge is finding actors.C. They’ve influenced famous movie studiosD. They must overcome equipment limitations.66. What does the article point out about Haraszti’s film?A. It uses slow-motion effects.B. It took just minutes to make.C. Its cast was quite large.D. It’s based on true events.67. Which film is about secret agents?A. Apple of My Eye.B. Goldilocks.C. Olive.D. Yearlapse ’11.68. According to this article, what is true about the festivals in Canada and South Korea?A. They’re held at the same time of year.B. They’re part of an emerging trend.C. They both receive government support.D. They’re still in the planning stages.(B)We Are Now Open Daily thru Columbus DayThe museum and store are open from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.throughout the season. Trolley rides start with the first departure at 10:05 a.m. and continue until the end of the day with the last rideAt 7:30 p.m., every Wednesday and Thursday evening in July and August, join us for a special sunset trolley ride with ice-cream included. Bring the whole family!use of our picnic areas to enjoy your own picnic lunch.69. From now on to Columbus Day, the museum is open _____.A. only on Sundays and SaturdaysB. on sunny daysC. every dayD. all of the above70. If a family of 4 persons — one senior, a couple and a 12-year-old boy — are taking a sunsettrolley ride, how much is the total admission fee?A. $18.B. $25.5.C. $33.D. $39.5.71. Which one of the following is NOT included in the admission?A. Unlimited sunset trolley ride.B. Access to the Museum Grounds.C. A visit to the Museum Exhibits.D. A use of the museum picnic areas.( C )Discoveries in science and technology are thought by “untaught minds” to come in blinding flashes or as the result of dramatic accidents. Sir Alexander Fleming did not, as legend would have it,look at the mold ( 霉) on a piece of cheese and get the idea for penicillin there and then. He experimented with antibacterial substances for nine years before he made his discovery. Inventions and innovations almost always come out of tough trial and error. Innovation is like soccer; even the best players miss the goal and have their shots blocked much more frequently than they score.The point is that the players who score most are the ones who take most shots at the goal—and so it goes with innovation in any field of activity. The prime difference between innovation and others is one of approach. Everybody gets ideas, but innovators work consciously on theirs, and they follow them through until they prove practicable or otherwise. What ordinary people see as fanciful abstractions, professional innovators see as solid possibilities.“Creative thinking may mean simply the realization that there’s no particular goodness in doing things the way they have always been done.” Wrote Rudolph Flesch, a language authority. This accounts for our reaction to seemingly simple innovations like plastic garbage bags and suitcases on wheels that make life more convenient: “How come nobody thought of that before?”The creative approach begins with the proposal that nothing be as it appears. Innovators will not accept that there is only one way to do anything. Faced with getting from A to B, the average person will automatically set out on the best-known and apparently simplest route. The innovator will search for alternate courses, which may prove easier in the long run and are sure to be more interesting and challenging even if they lead to dead ends. Highly creative individuals really do march to a different drummer.72. What does the author probably mean by “untaught mind” in the first paragraph?A. An individual who often comes up with new ideas by accident.B. A person who has had no education.C. A citizen of a society that restricts personal creativity.D. A person ignorant of the hard work involved in experimentation.73. According to the author, what differs innovators from non-innovators?A. The way they present their findings.B. The way they deal with problems.C. The intelligence they possess.D. The variety of ideas they have.74.The phrase “march to a different drummer” (the last line of the passage) suggests that highlycreative individuals are _____.A. unwilling to follow common ways of doing thingsB. diligent in pursuing their goalsC. concerned about the advance of societyD. devoted to the progress of science75.The most suitable title for this passage might be _____.A. The Relation Between Creation and DiligenceB. To Be a Creative Expert in the Study of Human CreativityC. What Are So Special about Creative IndividualsD. Discoveries and InnovationSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.Dieting is hard work, and there are plenty of “helpful ” diet tricks that can make weight loss even harder! Here are some common myths about losing weight and the truth behind them. 76. Refined and processed foods, like white bread or white rice, are examples of bad carbs. Good carbs include whole wheat bread and brown rice. They ’re rich in fiber and really good for you! 77. On the contrary, studies show that people who eat breakfast tend to eat fewer calories throughout the day. And if you know you ’re going to be eating a big meal later, don ’t starve yourself in order to “save your calories.” You ’ll just eat more during the meal because you ’re so hungry! Instead, eat smaller meals a couple days before and after, and exercise more. 78. ’t work. You can ’t target where you lose weight. Cardio exercises will help burn fat, while weight training helps build muscles. Your “trouble areas ” might not be the first to slim down, but keep exercising! 79. ’re not destined to be fat. While a “fat gene ” does exist, its influence on your size is actually pretty small. Smart eating and exercise have a much greater impact than your genes. Only 25 percent of your weight is controlled by genes —the rest is up to you! 80. losing weight is cutting out all bad foods. But the more restrictive your diet is, the more likely you are to break it —and in a big way. To lose weight and keep it off, eat great 80 percent of the time, but indulge in a treat or two the other 20 percent.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.That experiences influence future behaviour is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. SoA. Your weight depends on your genes.B. Say “no ” to junk food —no exceptions.C. Carbs are good or bad for you.D. Skipping meals helps you lose more weight.E. It is difficult to lose weight.F. You can control where your body loses weight.called intelligent behaviour demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory. Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences.Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material. Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one’s memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids situation in time, since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration.Another line of thought assumes a memory storage system of limited capacity that provides adaptive flexibility specifically through forgetting. In this view, continual adjustments are made between learning or memory storage (input) and forgetting(output). Indeed, there is evidence that the rate at which individuals forget is directly related to how much they have learned. Such data offer common support of contemporary models of memory that assume an input-output balance. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)81. According to Para. 1, memory plays an important role in _____________________________.82. We can obviously notice that over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to beforgotten from _______________________________________________________________.83. What does it seem that the author disagree to explain?84. According to the last paragraph, how do we exactly make adjustments between memory andforgetting?第II卷（共45分）IV. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.85. 今天的报告有多少人缺席？( absent )86. 对自己有信心是获取成功的第一步。
上海市浦东新区2013届高三上学期期末考试英语试题Word版含答案
浦东新区2012学年度第一学期期末质量测试高三英语试卷第I卷（105分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Manager and customer. B. Boss and secretary.C. Doctor and patient.D. Friends.2. A. In a department store. B. In an office.C. In a stationery store.D. In a drugstore.3. A. 30 minutes. B. An hour. C. 15 minutes. D. 45 minutes.4. A. Cleaning off the dirt. B. Looking for water.C. Digging out the seed.D. Planting something.5. A. Sorry. B. Annoyed. C. Excited. D. Surprised.6. A. The book is too expensive. B. The book is of poor quality.C. The book is inexpensive.D. The book is not as good as expected.7. A. He has been offered a new job. B. He has been warned by his boss.C. He has been fired by the company.D. He has been asked to have a holiday.8. A. He did better than expected. B. He failed his test.C. He always gets excellent grades.D. He found his notes.9. A. The man and the woman live on Salisbury Villas.B. The man and the woman are unfamiliar with the area.C. The woman failed to call for directions.D. The directions the woman got were wrong.10. A. The man blamed the woman for being careless.B. The man misunderstood the woman’s apology.C. The woman offered to pay for the man’s coffee.D. The woman made the man’s jacket dirty with coffee.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. She was a 19-month-old British girl.B. The hospitals in Qatar were full at that time.C. She was the daughter of a doctor in London.D. The Qatar doctors were unsure how to cure her.12. A. A doctor in Qatar. B. A nurse in London.C. Dr. Brown.D. Agatha Christie.13. A. Substance used in making glass. B. Drug found in a detective story.C. Medicine often used in hospital.D. A deadly poison easily got in Qatar.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The design of the laboratory.B. The laboratory experiment.C. The workbook for the laboratory course.D. A piece of equipment in the laboratory.15. A. Homework must be handed in on time.B. A great deal of equipment is available.C. The students must follow all instructions exactly.D. The students can make choices about the lab work.16. A. The activities take less time.B. The activities are to be done in class.C. Few instructions are given for the activities.D. Students are not required to do the activities.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Questions 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. China has made a series of technological advances _______ constructing high-speed railways.A. onB. toC. inD. for26. Our principal would like to accept _______ of the practical suggestions on how to improvestuden ts’ lunch.A. eitherB. neitherC. bothD. any27. —Look! Someone _______ the laptop.—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.A. has repairedB. is repairingC. had repairedD. was repairing28. After the meeting, we went to the supermarket to do some shopping, only to be told that it_______.A. was being decoratedB. was decoratingC. is being decoratedD. has been decorating29. Babies given more love and affection by their mothers _______ deal better with stress andanxiety when they grow up.A. needB. mustC. shallD. may30. The latest research _______ shows that micro blog is the most popular social networking toolamong Chinese netizens.A. to undertakeB. undertakenC. undertakingD. having been undertaken31. _______ our life goals will guide us to a bright future, without which we may waste ourlifetime.A. Having setB. SetC. SettingD. To be set32. The government will come up with more volunteer projects just _______ the volunteerindustry.A. to promoteB. to be promotedC. promotingD. being promoted33. _______ you start with one small positive thing during your day, you’ll begin to move into amore positive situation.A. Even ifB. In caseC. As long asD. As far as34. When you are older, you are better equipped mentally to cope with _______ happens.A. howeverB. wheneverC. whicheverD. whatever35. A lot of lovers chose to get married on Dec. 12, 2012, _______ the date, the month and theyear match.A. thatB. on whichC. in whichD. which36. The limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, but _______ he reaches these limitsdepends on his environment.A. ifB. thatC. whetherD. what37. From inside the dark house _______.A. some strange smell cameB. came some strange smellC. had some strange smell comeD. did some strange smell come38. Changing the password on your hacked account isn’t a lasting solution if you don’t removeany virus, _______?A. don’t youB. do youC. isn’t itD. is it39. The word ‘positive energy’is becoming more than common in newspapers and magazines_______ you could notice.A. beforeB. sinceC. whenD. after40. _______ several important decisions based on emotion instead of reason, he felt bitterlyregretted.A. MakingB. Having madeC. MadeD. To makeSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Nursing, as a typically female profession, must deal constantly with the false impression that nurses are there to wait on the position. As nurses, we are licensed to provide nursing care only. We do not have any legal or moral obligation to any physician. We provide health teaching, __41__ physical as well as emotional problems, coordinate patient-related services and make all of our nursing decisions based upon what is best or suitable for the patient. If, in any circumstance, we feel that the physician’s order is __42__ or unsafe, we have a legal responsibility to __43__that order or refuse to carry it out. Nursing is not a nine-to-five job with every weekend off. All nurses are aware of that before they enter the __44__. The emotional and physical stress, however, which __45__ due to hard working hours is a prime reason for a lot of the career __46__. It is sometimes required that we work overtime and that we change shifts four or five times a month. That disturbs our personal lives, disrupts our sleeping and eating habits, and isolates us from everything except __47__ friends and activities. The quality of nursing care is being affected dramatically by these situations. Most hospitals are now staffed by new graduates as experienced nurses finally give up trying to change the system. Consumers of medically-related services have evidently not been affected enough yet to demand __48__ in our medical system. But if __49__ continue as predicted, they will find that most critical hospital care will be provided by new, inexperienced and sometimes inadequately-trained nurses.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The famous American inventor Thomas Alva Edison once claimed that genius was one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration(汗水). Now, it seems, there is scientific evidence to __50__ his claim. The idea that geniuses such as Shakespeare, Mozart, and Picasso possessed certain inborn talents is a false belief, according to a study by a British psychologist and his colleagues.After examining outstanding performance in the arts and sports, these researchers concluded that __51__ is determined by opportunity, encouragement, training, motivation, self-confidence, and — most important of all — __52__. Even people who were not thought to be 53__ with any special talent could, after having received training, reach levels __54__ considered attainable (可获得的) only by gifted individuals. ‘Talent is a false belief, and it is time that people got rid of it,” they said.This theory — a dramatic __55__ with traditional beliefs — has been __56__ by academics worldwide. In fact, studies of accomplished artists and mathematicians, and top tennis players and swimmers, have reported few early signs of __57__ in these people before any parental encouragement. No case has been found of anyone reaching the highest levels of achievement without __58__ himself or herself to thousands of hours of serious training. Even those who are believed to be exceptionally talented — whether in music, mathematics, chess, or sports — have needed lengthy periods of instruction and practice to achieve their highest level of success. ‘The persistent false belief that some people reach high levels of performance without spending numerous hours practising __59__ much to the fact that their practice is usually outside the casual observer’s view,’ stated one scientist.The importance of practice has been noticed in athletics. For instance, differences in the composition of certain muscles were once thought to be __60__ predictors of athletic performance. However, the differences in the proportion of certain muscle fibers(组织) that are __61__ for success in long-distance running are largely the result of extended practice in running.‘What makes a genius then?’ one may ask. __62__, there is no clear answer. What is known, however, is that ‘nurture’ is at least as important as ‘nature.’ __63__, a supportive environment will do far more for a child’s prospects of success than any inborn gifts. This is a message that most of us will find __64__ —even if we haven’t won the gene lottery, our fate is still in our own hands.50. A. make B. challenge C. support D. dismiss51. A. excellence B. harmony C. negotiation D. response52. A. education B. practice C. fortune D. character53. A. satisfied B. concerned C. decorated D. gifted54. A. preciously B. practically C. previously D. primarily55. A. break B. association C. partnership D. relief56. A. doubted B. concluded C. mentioned D. applauded57. A. accomplishment B. treasure C. diligence D. inspiration58. A. adapting B. attaching C. linking D. devoting59. A. carries B. leaves C. owes D. connects60. A. creative B. reliable C. natural D. active61. A. essential B. suitable C. possible D. feasible62. A. Unlikely B. Similarly C. Hopefully D. Unfortunately63. A. To sum up B. In other words C. For example D. In addition64. A. misleading B. puzzling C. comforting D. amusingSection BDirections:Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, and C. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)You are walking along a lane and never know what you will find. It might be a shop selling oil paintings, or a place where you can buy Dutch cheese. One thing is for sure, you will end up by a canal.Welcome to Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands.The year 2013 will be a good time to explore Amsterdam as the city has a lot to celebrate: the famous canal ring will turn 400 years old. Amsterdam will also celebrate the 160th birthday of Dutch painter of the Van Gogh museum, home to the biggest collection of the artist’s colorful works.The famous canal ring is a trademark of the city. With more than 100 kilometers of canals, it is no wonder that Amsterdam is called the ‘Venice of the north’. But unlike the Italian town, where boats were originally used for transport, the canals in Amsterdam were mainly used for defense in the 17th century. Today ferries on canals offer a different way to explore the city.But to truly experience Amsterdam, you can’t miss the city’s historic museums and monuments, among which Van Gogh museum is the most famous one. It holds 200 paintings, 700 letters and 500 drawings by the artist. Another famous museum is Anne Frank’s house. Anne Frank became famous around the world because of a diary she left explaining her and her family’s experience as a Jewish girl during World War II, hiding out in a house hoping that she would not be captured by German Nazis.Amsterdam is small enough to walk or cycle almost anywhere, but it is rarely dull. Best of all it combines its glittering past with a rebellious edginess.65. Which of the following is TRUE of the canals in Amsterdam?A. They had to be rebuilt after years of use.B. They protected the city in ancient times.C. They were built to provide transport for the city.D. They are the main theme of Van Gogh’s paintings.66. In the passage, Amsterdam is described as a city _____.A. that can be explored by footB. that is completely built on waterC. that has two historic museums in allD. that is famous for its modernization67. What can we infer from the passage?A. People get lost easily in Amsterdam.B. Van Gogh spent his life time in Amsterdam.C. Many Jews in Amsterdam were caught by Nazis.D. Taking a ferry ride is the most popular activity in Amsterdam.68. Where would this passage most probably appear?A. In a museum leaflet.B. In a history textbook.C. In an academic magazine.D. In a travel brochure.(B)Which tablet computer should YOU be buying: They are this year's must have... and there's adoes not allow impossible for anything inappropriate.Pros: The well-designed,Pros: No otherthe near one millioncreated for specially-designedprograms) available for the iPad. Simple to use, even for thoselaptop computer, butallows you to use MicrosoftPowerpoint (they are shiny screen —when you're tryingdifferent: itslettering imitatebrilliantly. And yet you can still read the words69.The underlined phrase ‘stumble across’ most probably means ‘___________’.A. meet withB. quarrel withC. compare withD. compete with70.Which of the following about Surface is NOT TRUE?A. The keyboard will add to the cost.B. The keyboard can serve as a cover.C. You have to pay extra to install Microsoft Word.D. You can watch movies or surf the Internet with it.71. If you are a game lover, which tablet is least likely to be your choice?A. LeapPad Explorer 2.B. iPad 4th generation.C. Microsoft Surface.D. Amazon Kindle Paperwhite.(C)Seligman is leading the research on what might be called Happiness Revolution in psychology. Since World War II, psychologists have focused on fixing what is broken —repairing psychosis（精神病）, and neurosis（精神衰弱）. Research has piled up steadily when it comes to looking at patients who are neurotic, while the happy or joyful people among us have received little scientific examination.When Seligman did a search to find academic articles about such ‘positive psychology’ he found only 800 out of 70,000. ‘Psychologists tend to be concerned with taking a negative 8 person, and helping him get to negative 2,’said Seligman, a psychology professor of the University of Pennsylvania. ‘My aim is to take a plus 2 person and boost him to a plus 6.’In the last 50 years, statistics have shown that we are less happy as a people. ‘While our quality of life has increased dramatically over that time, and we’ve become richer, we’re in an epidemic of depression,’ Seligman said. ‘Depression is 10 times more common now, and life satisfaction rates are down as well.’Seligman argues that the new science he writes about is shifting psychology’s model away from its narrow-minded focus on mental illness towards positive emotion, virtue and strength that increase people’s happiness. If you want to be happy, forget about winning the lottery （抽奖）, getting a nose job, or securing a raise. In his new book, Authentic Happiness, psychologist Martin Seligman argues that overall lifetime happiness is not the result of good genes, money, or even luck. Instead, he says we can increase our own happiness by making use of the strengths and virtues that we already have, including kindness, originality, humor, optimism, and generosity. He has named the field ‘Positive Psychology,’ arguing that we would be better off building on our own strengths rather than mourning, and, hence, trying to repair, our weaknesses. By frequently calling upon their strengths, people can build up natural barriers against misfortune and negative emotions, he said.Science has shown that there are several distinct roads to being a happy person —though happiness might not mean what you think. Material goods — even simple ones like ice cream, and massages —are only stimulating things that rapidly give people a boost.To cultivate happiness, we must first find out our individual strengths and virtues. Next, apply the qualities in such a way as to enhance your happiness-generating system.72.The distinctive feature of Seligman’s work lies in ______.A. evaluating the psychological state of peopleB. making a study of people who suffer from mental illnessC. focusing the scientific examination on the happy or joyful peopleD. figuring out the exact number of the academic articles about ‘positive psychology’73.What does Seligman mean by saying ‘take a plus 2 person and boost him to a plus 6’?A. We should focus on happy or joyful people.B. We need more and more happy and joyful people.C. It’s difficult to make people happy from a plus 2 to plus 6.D. Happy people also need to improve their level of happiness.74.According to the passage, which of the statements might Martin Seligman support?A. Promotion leads to true happiness.B. We can rely on our strengths for happiness.C. Intelligent people are usually more satisfied.D. Mental illness should be the focus of psychology.75.The passage mainly talks about ______.A. strengths and happinessB. ways to cultivate happinessC. development of psychologyD. effect of positive psychologySection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A journalist is interviewing Charles Chang, who is recently retired, about life as an Interpol agent. Interpol is the popular name of the International Criminal Police Organization (ICPO). 76.Sometimes people think that Interpol is some sort of international police force, but it isn’t. Its agents arrest people, but they don’t chase criminals from country to country. Instead, each ICPO member sets up a central bureau that acts as a window for joint operations and exchanging information on criminal activities. Let’s say, for example, that police in Australia are looking for a criminal in Thailand. The Australian police might not know which police agencies they should deal with. They might also experience language barriers. Interpol acts as a local contact to help police from different countries overcome those problems.77.Originally, I worked as a police office of the foreign affairs police. Then in 1982, I passed the detective’s test for the Criminal Investigation Bureau (CIB) and was assigned to the Interpol Division. My first task was to attend an ICPO conference in Paris, France, with the director of Interpol Taipei, China. That was my first trip abroad.78.I was a police captain from 1982 to 1989. My job was basically to investigate criminal cases that involved a second country. Since criminal cases are usually urgent, I spent a lot of time communicating with agencies from other countries. When we received information on a crime, we took the necessary actions. We made a search or made an arrest.79.When I was involved, international policing was the responsibility of the CIB. There were two sections at Interpol Taipei, China. The first was a communications section that kept in contact with other communications sections all over the world. The second provided operational support services. Like other police at the CIB, its officers were all detectives selected from universities.They had to speak and write in a foreign language like English, Japanese, Spanish or French. 80.It was very challenging work, but it gave me lots of opportunities to travel and study abroad. Oh, and I was once responsible for sending two dangerous criminals back from Japan!Section DDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.We delight in the stories passed down to us by oldergenerations. Tales from the past reveal o ur loved ones’ truepersonalities that we didn’t know before and can unite familymembers. But they are still just small pieces from a lifetime ofexperience, leaving a wealth of personal memories and stories that can go untold.A growing company, LifeBook, is helping people to ensure that the rich, personal histories of our loved ones can be captured in detail in elegant, well-crafted books that can be handed down through the generations. These individual autobiographies, professionally written and illustrated with photographs, hold a lifetime of memories and can form an everlasting family legacy.Linden, who commissioned(委托写) a book on her father from LifeBook, said, ‘It has been a wonderful thing, both for myself and my father. He was quite worried about it at first, but once it got going he established a very good relationship with Will, his interviewer, and I know they had lots of fun and laughs. He started looking forward to the meetings very much, someone showing interest in him outside the family.’Now, LifeBook is becoming increasingly popular as a gift, requested by sons and daughters who wish to preserve the memories of their older loved ones for future generations. The process of creating a LifeBook brings family members closer together as they learn more about the family’s past. And for the authors, LifeBook gives them a project to focus on. It also gives them the benefits of face-to-face companionship in the weekly interviews.For Linden, it was a highly positive experience, ‘I feel very happy because I have given my father this huge gift. It has made him happier and he’s got a newfound interest in life. He’s go t more things to talk about and, I think, a sense of great pride.’‘Also it’s something he can hand down to future generations.We’re all thrilled with the book, delighted —and I’m sure he’llwant to do volume two very soon.’(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NOMORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)81. Tales from the past generations can not only ___________________.82. What does the company, LifeBook, do in those special books?83. Linden’s father started to look forward to the meetings with the interviewer because_________.84. Besides a project to focus on, what else can creating a LifeBook bring its author?第II卷（45分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．我们为那位杰出的作家感到骄傲。
上海市英语文档版(有答案)-2013年普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海市英语文档版(有答案)-2013年一般高等学校招生一致考试2019 年一般高等学校招生全国一致考试（上海卷）英语第Ⅰ卷（共 105 分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A ， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation ， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it ， read the four possible answers on your paper ， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. A basketball player. B. A laundry worker.C. A window washer.D. A rock climber2.A. She is not hungry. B. She wants to cook.C. She is not tired.D. She wants to dine out.3.A. Promising. B. Isolated C. Crowded. D. Modern4.A. To a stationery shop. B. To a gymnasium.C. To a paint store.D. To a news stand.5.A. The man can see a different view. B. The food is not tasty enough.C. The man cannot afford the food.D. The food is worth the price.6.A. She reads different kinds of books. B. She also finds the book difficult to read.C. She is impressed by the characters.D. She knows well how to remember names.7.A. The man will go to the post office. B. The post office is closed for the day.C. The woman is expecting the newspaper.D. The delivery boy has been dismissed.8.A. She is not sure if she can join them. B. She will skip the class to see the film.C. She will ask the professor for leave.D. She does not want to see a film.9.A. Fashion designing is a booming business. B.School learning is a must for fashion designers.C. He hopes to attend a good fashion school.D.The woman should become a fashion designer.10. A. Few people drive within the speed limit. B. Drivers usually obey traffic rules.C. The speed limit is really reasonable.D. The police stop most drivers for speeding Section BDirections: In section B ， you will hear two short passages， and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice ， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question ， read the four possible answers on your paper ，and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. A book publisher. B. A company manager.C. A magazine editor.D. A school principal.12.A. Some training experience. B. A happy family.C. Russian assistants' help.D. A good memory.13.A. Lynn ’ s devotion to the family. B. Lynn ’ s busy and successful life.C. Lynn ’ s great performance at work.D. Lynn ’ s efficiency in conducting programs. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. Economic questions. B. Routine questions.C. Academic questions.D. Challenging questions.15.A. Work experience. B. Educational qualifications.C. Problem-solving abilities.D. Information-gathering abilities.16. A. Features of different types of interview. B. Skills in asking interview questions.C. Changes in three interview models.D. Suggestions for different job interviews.Section CDirections: In section C ， you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation ， you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Latest Conference InformationBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Date:8th17for each answer.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDSPlace:Palace18, ShanghaiAn Interview with David， a Skateboarding (滑板运动 ) LoverRegistration fee:$1921 . What was David's schoolwork like?He was able to get his schoolwork doneSpeaker:Carla Marisco from Milan UniversityWhat was his only problem at school?He was unable to22in class.Speech topic:Opportunities and Risks in the20MarketWhy did he say the new headmasterHe let students23of their own.was wonderful?How was his new style different fromIt was robot-like ， with24 .other skaters?II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A ， B ， C andD. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.— I ’m looking for a nearby place for my holiday. Any good ideas?— How about the Moon Lake? It is ________ easy reach of the city.A. byB. beyondC. withinD. from26.Those who smoke heavily should remind ________ of health ， the bad smell and the feelings of otherpeople.A. theirsB. themC. themselvesD. oneself27.Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn’tenter the house ， for he ________ his key at school.A. had leftB. would leaveC. was leavingD. has left28.It ’s a ________ clock ， made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.A. charming French smallB. French small charmingC. small French charmingD. charming small French29.The school board is made up of parents who ________ to make decisions about school affairs.A. had been electedB. had electedC. have been electedD. have elected30.They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year ， ________ they might have.A. however difficultB. how difficultC. whatever difficultyD. what difficulty31.The judges gave no hint of what they thought ， so I left the room really ________.A. to be worriedB. to worryC. having worriedD. worried32.The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ________ society for real-life experience.A. exploreB. to exploreC. exploringD. explored33. I have no idea ________ the cell phone isn ’tworking ， so could you fix it for me?A. whatB. whyC. ifD.which34.Young people may risk ________ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone35.Sophia got an e-mail ________ her credit card account number.A. asking forB. ask forC. asked forD. having asked for36.I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise ________ I am sitting.A. beforeB. untilC. unlessD.where37.________ at the photos， illustrations ， title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about.A. To lookB. LookingC. Having lookedD.Look38.An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ________ interact with one another.A. thatB. whereC. whoD.what39.Among the crises that face humans ________ the lack of natural resources.A. isB. areC. is thereD. are there40.Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in ________ they arewearing.A. thatB. whatC. howD.whichSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can onlybe used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. restoreAsinfants， we can recognizeB.recallour mothers within Chours.processingofbirth. In fact， we canD.previously E. necessary42recognize the41 of our mother ’s face well before we can recognize her body shape. It ’sF. locatingG. insteadH. fascinatingI. how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age， especially since we don ’tlearn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the time we are adults， we have the ability to distinguish around 100 ， 000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to 43 such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood，but research around the world has begun to define the specific areas of the brain andprocesses44for facial recognition.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in45 a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area (FFA) ， which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of familiar objects such as our clothes or cars， is from46 in the brain. Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been47thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile ， research at University College London has found that facial recognition is not a single process ， but 48 involves three steps. The first step appearsto be an analysis of the physical features of a person ’s face， which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step ， the brain decides whether the face we are looking at is already known or unknown to us. And finally ， the brain furnishes the information we havecollected about the person whose face we are looking at. This complex49is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations.(324 words)III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A ，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Over the past few decades， more and more countries have opened up the markets， increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is： Is economic globalization50for all?According to the World Bank ， one of its chief supporters， economic globalization has helped reduce51in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth52to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration ( 交融 ) of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people ， these twenty-four countries have seen incomes53at an average rate of five percent — compared to two percent in developed countries.Those who54globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses.55， small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in56open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.Critics take a different view， believing that economic globalization is actually57the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission onthe Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually58from integration into the world economy and that the poor， the uneducated， unskilled workers， and native peoples have been left behind.59， they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example ， Indian craftsmen who currently seemto benefit from globalization because they are able to60their products may soon face fierce competition that could pot them out of61. When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods， or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in ， these small businesses will not be able to62and will be crowded out.One thing is certain about globalization — there is no63 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world.The64 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all.(347 words)50.A. possible B. smooth C. goodD. easy51.A. crime B. poverty C. conflictD. population52.A. contributing B. responding C. turningD. owing53.A. remain B. drop C. shiftD. increase54.A. doubt B. define C. advocateD. ignore55.A. In addition B. For instance C. In other words D. All in all56.A. mature B. new C. localD. foreign57.A. finding B. exploring C. bridgingD. widening58.A. suffered B. profited C. learnedD. withdrawn59.A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. HoweverD. Otherwise60.A. consume B. deliver C. exportD. advertise61.A. trouble B. business C. powerD. mind62. A. keep up B. come in C. go aroundD. help out63. A. taking off B. getting along C. holding out D.turning back64. A. agreement B. prediction C. outcome D. challengeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AFor some people， music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.”People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes (音调 ). Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs.Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale.As a result ， songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music set them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact ， most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However ， this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. “I used to hate parties，”says Margaret， a seventy-year-old woman who onlyrecently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret ， scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition.Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex ， and it doesn’tinvolve defective hearing . Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’tsee certain colors.Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊疗). For years，Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert， I just say ，‘No thanks ， I’m amusic ，’”says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”(335 words)65.Which of the following is true of amusics?A.Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.B.They love places where they are likely to hear music.C.They can easily tell two different songs apart.D.Their situation is well understood by musicians.66. According to paragraph 3， a person with“defective hearing ” is probably one who __________.A. dislikes listening to speechesB. can hear anything nonmusicalC. has a hearing problemD. lacks a complex hearing system67.In the last paragraph， Margaret expressed her wish that __________.A.her problem with music had been diagnosed earlierB.she were seventeen years old rather than seventyC.her problem could be easily explainedD.she were able to meet other amusics68.What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. Amusics ’strange behaviours.B. Some people’s inability to enjoy music.上海市英语文档版(有答案)-2013年一般高等学校招生一致考试C. Musical talent and brain structure.D. Identification and treatment of amusics.BHome Laundry Automatic Dryer ProductFull Two Year Warranty(268 words)(保修 )69. According to Warranty Limitations， a product can be under warranty if __________.Limited Five Year Warranty on Cabinet (机箱 )A. shipped from a Canadian factoryB. rented for home useWarranty Provides for： D. used in the U.S.A.C. repaired by the user himselfFIRST TWO YEARS Amana will repair or replace any faulty part free of charge.70. According to Owner ’s Responsibilities ， an owner has to pay for __________.THIRD THRU FIFTH YEARS Amana will provide a free replacement part for any cabinet whichA. the loss of the sales receiptB. a servicer ’s overtime workproves faulty due to rust (生锈 )。
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宝山区2012学年第一学期期末高三年级英语学科质量监测试卷考生注意：1、本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。
全卷共11页。
满分150分。
考试时间120分钟。
2、答第一卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写学校、班级、姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号。
3、第I卷（1—16小题，25 — 80小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。
答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
第I卷中的第17—24小题、81—84小题和第II卷的试题在电脑上阅卷，其答案用黑色或蓝色钢笔或水笔写在答题卡上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
答题时，请按题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案一律无效。
第I卷（共105分）Ⅰ. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. 20 pounds. B. 60 pounds. C. 30 pounds. D. 40 pounds.2. A. At 7:10. B. At 8:00. C. At 7:50. D. At 7:30.3. A. In a hospital. B. In a restaurant. C. At a bank. D. At a cinema.4. A. Barbara and the speaker. B. The student himself.C. Barbara.D. The teacher.5. A. Help him to find his luggage. B. Go with him.C. Take care of his luggage.D. Tell him the time.6. A. The woman shows the disappointment at what the man will do.B. The woman would like to join them.C. The woman suggests the man should reconsider his plan.D. The woman tries to persuade the man not to go with Jerry.7. A. She thinks the man should be preparing for his final exams.B. She is not interested in Disneyland.C. She thinks the man needs a holiday.D. She thinks the man should forget his final party.8. A. Dangerous. B. Brave. C. Rude. D. Modest.9. A. The rain is not expected to last much longer.B. The next few days are supposed to be sunny and warm.C. Clouds and cold weather are expected.D. It will be much better than it already is.10. A. She likes what he prepares for her.B. He gives her an extra bedroom.C. He offers to take her home as soon as possible.D. She is very pleased with her stay at his home.Section B PassagesDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Reasonable. B. A little bit high. C. Hard to afford. D. Quite low.12. A. Banks. B. Friends. C. Parents. D. Schools.13. A. Medical schools reduce the tuition.B. Medical schools receive money from the government.C. Medical schools borrow money from banks.D. Medical students study for a shorter time.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It can help to learn how to serve their parents.B. It can help to learn how to become strong and fat.C. Children will benefit from it and prepare themselves for the future.D. It can make children more confident and cleverer.15. A. Broken radios and television sets are useful.B. One’s curiosity may be useful for his later life.C. An engineer must fix many broken radios.D. A good student should spend much time repairing radios.16. A. The parents’ ideas of educating their children do have some problems.B. The education system in China is less than satisfactory.C. It’s important to develop children’s skills.D. Children’s hobby is a key to success in the future.Section C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.At the lost and FoundThe first item the man claimed: A black 17The place where he lost the first item: On the 18Description of the second lost item: Dark blue with big black 19The place the woman suggested the man go: A 20 clothes shopBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.What was Jane’s original plan? To go 21 .What was her final decision? To go to 22 in this city.Why did she change her mind? The original plan wasn’t 23 .What did Jane and Tom decide to do? Keep 24 .II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. Mitch tries to strike a balance _____ his work and his family life.A. overB. underC. betweenD. with26. Besides the occasional hotdog, I rarely eat _____ unhealthy.A. nothingB. anythingC. somethingD. none27. When disaster strikes, you _____ find yourself without water, gas and electricity.A. mightB. mustC. shouldD. will28. Since the 14th and 15th centuries, the Diaoyu Islands _____ in Chinese maps.A. have been includedB. had been includedC. were includedD. would be included29. You may be able to prevent problems if you _____.A. are not preparedB. had preparedC. preparedD. are prepared30. He didn’t have chance to read many books, but folk storie s _____ by local people became theroot of Mo Yan’s later writings.A. to tellB. to be toldC. toldD. being told31. It was with their dolls _____ the girls entertained themselves.A. beforeB. sinceC. untilD. that32. Along with graduation _____ to look for a job!A. comes the needB. does the need comeC. the need comesD. is the need come33. Over time, overuse of antibiotics（抗生素）leads to bacteria that are resistant to the drugs,_____ them all the harder to kill.A. makeB. to makeC. madeD. making34. There’s little privacy _____ you have to share a room with a family member.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. how35. You didn’t study for your test, so your teacher has a point about _____ you failed!A. whyB. whatC. thatD. whether36. Sherry used a piece of bread _____ the rat into her trap.A. temptingB. temptedC. to temptD. to have tempted37. Activities on the farm range from milking cows to _____ the chickens to satisfy the needs ofdifferent people.A. feedB. fedC. feedingD. have fed38. Nowadays, you’ll notice a phenomenon _____ a lot of people are wearing jeans to concerts.A. whereB. thatC. ifD. whether39. Shannon will continue to bother you with phone calls _____ you help her.A. as ifB. as far asC. untilD. as soon as40. Lucy has many positive personality features _____ make her popular at school.A. whereB. whatC. thatD. so thatSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.majorityB. involvingC. associationD. visibleE. wearingF. distractionG. attentivelyH. fatalI. specificallyJ. neededPeople who wear headphones might want to throw them away while walking outside. A study finds that accidents involving walkers 41 the devices have increased three times in recent years.Researchers combed several sources to find incidents in the U.S. of crashes 42 walkers and vehicles from 2004 to 2011. Searching the National Injury Surveillance System, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Google News archives and Westlaw Campus Research, they found 116 cases of death or injury involving walkers wearing headphones. Cases in which people were using mobile phones (including hands-free devices) were not included.Over the years the number of cases increased, from 16 in 2004 and 2005 to 47 in 2010 and 2011. The victims’average age was 21, and most (68 percent) were male. The 43 ( 67percent ) were under the age of 30. Most (55 percent) were hit by trains, and 70 percent of the crashes, most of which were in urban areas, were 44 .In 74 percent of the cases, police or eyewitness reports said the walker had headphones on when hit. And 29 percent of reports made mention of horns or warning bells going off before the crash.The study authors pointed to two likely causes that may be a factor in what they call “the possible 45 between headphone use and walker injury”: sensory deprivation（感官剥夺）and 46 . The latter is more 47 called “inattentional blindness,” referring to the use of electronic devices and how they decrease attention to things going on around us.Hearing what’s going on in the environment, they point out, could be more important than 48 clues for walkers. But the authors add that this study doesn’t show cause or relationship of headphone use and walker risk, and other factors could have been involved in the accidents, such as walkers being intoxicated（陶醉）or drivers being at fault.More comprehensive information on such accidents is 49 , the researchers said, to seewhich groups of people may be most at risk.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Reading involves looking at illustrative symbols and expressing mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed 50 over the centuries. During the 1950’s and 1960’s especially, increased attention has been devoted to 51 the reading process. Although experts agree that reading 52 a complex organization of higher mental 53 , they disagree about the exact nature of the process. Some experts, who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, 54 reading as simply the decoding（解码）of symbols into the sounds they stand for.These authorities 55 that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain that reading is inexplainably related to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without 56 their meaning is not truly reading. The reader, 57 some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who 58 reads.Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its 59 . By some experts they would not be 60 as readers. Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one use. By the most 61 and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to 62 the sound-symbols code of the language, to interpret meaning for various 63 , at various rates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do so widely and enthusiastically. 64 , reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.50. A. specifically B. dramatically C. abstractly D. ridiculously51. A. understanding B. translating C. defining D. substituting52. A. involves B. concentrates C. specializes D. analyzes53. A. opinions B. effects C. manners D. functions54. A. view B. look C. reassure D. agree55. A. support B. argue C. attempt D. compete56. A. interpreting B. saying C. reciting D. reading57. A. in addition to B. for example C. according to D. such as58. A. completely B. carefully C. publically D. actually59. A. part B. whole C. standard D. straight60. A. applied B. granted C. classified D. graded61. A. instructive B. doubtful C. certain D. complicated62. A. strike B. illustrate C. define D. unlock63. A. purposes B. degrees C. stages D. steps64. A. On the other hand B. In short C. By the way D. So farSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Lighter and cheaper than high-quality video cameras, today’s best smartphones can shoot and edit high-definition (HD) videos. With lower-quality lenses(透镜) and image sensors, smartphones probably won’t replace professional video cameras anytime soon. Still, some creative filmmakers are extending the borders of smartphone moviemaking by shooting professional-quality films using only smartphones.Soon after Apple’s iPhone 4 was released, two filmmakers decided to make a short film using only their iPhone 4s. Michael Koerbel and Anna Elizabeth James shot and edited the one-and-a-half-minute film Apple of My Eye in only 48 hours. Audiences were fascinated with the film, in which a man and his grandfather connect emotionally while admiring a model train set in a store window. The filmmakers followed up their success with Goldilocks, an extraordinary spy novel told over nine, three-minute films.Many filmmakers are convinced that smartphone films are here to stay. One sign is their inclusion in major film festivals. In February 2012, organizers of the Berkshire International Film Festival staged the 10 X 10 On North Festival. Entries included Oliver by Hooman Khalili, an award-winning film about a girl whose special powers enable her to brighten the lives of three lonely people. Another entry was Yearlapse’11, a 365-second film by Zsolt Haraszti that describes an actual journey he made from New York to London.During the festival, which ran from February 16 to 26, these and many other smartphone films were shown at the Beacon Cinema in Pittsfield, Massachusetts. Similar festivals in Canada and South Korea have given smartphone filmmakers opportunities to show off their creative work.65. What does the article imply about smartphone filmmakers?A. Their efforts have gotten little attention.B. Their biggest challenge is finding actors.C. They’ve influenced famous movie studiosD. They must overcome equipment limitations.66. What does the article point out about Haraszti’s film?A. It uses slow-motion effects.B. It took just minutes to make.C. Its cast was quite large.D. It’s based on true events.67. Which film is about secret agents?A. Apple of My Eye.B. Goldilocks.C. Olive.D. Yearlapse ’11.68. According to this article, what is true about the festivals in Canada and South Korea?A. They’re held at the same time of year.B. They’re part of an emerging trend.C. They both receive government support.D. They’re still in the planning stages.(B)We Are Now Open Daily thru Columbus DayThe museum and store are open from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.throughout the season. Trolley rides start with the first departure at 10:05 a.m. and continue until the end of the day with the last ride being at 4:15 p.m.. We are open Rain or Shine!April 30 to May 21May 28 to October 10 October 15 to October 30 Open Saturdays and Sundays Only Open Every DayOpen Saturdays and Sundays OnlyIce Cream & Sunset Trolley Ride Special ( $3.50 per person )At 7:30 p.m., every Wednesday and Thursday evening in July and August, join us for a special sunset trolley ride with ice-cream included. Bring the whole family!Regular FaresSenior Citizens: $5.50Adults: $7.50Children (Ages 6—16): $5.00Children 5 and under: FreeDiscounts are available for tour groups.Admission includes unlimited trolley rides, access to the Museum Grounds and Exhibits, and use of our picnic areas to enjoy your own picnic lunch.69. From now on to Columbus Day, the museum is open _____.A. only on Sundays and SaturdaysB. on sunny daysC. every dayD. all of the above70. If a family of 4 persons — one senior, a couple and a 12-year-old boy — are taking a sunsettrolley ride, how much is the total admission fee?A. $18.B. $25.5.C. $33.D. $39.5.71. Which one of the following is NOT included in the admission?A. Unlimited sunset trolley ride.B. Access to the Museum Grounds.C. A visit to the Museum Exhibits.D. A use of the museum picnic areas.( C )Discoveries in science and technology are thought by “untaught minds”to come in blinding flashes or as the result of dramatic accidents. Sir Alexander Fleming did not, as legendwould have it, look at the mold ( 霉) on a piece of cheese and get the idea for penicillin there and then. He experimented with antibacterial substances for nine years before he made his discovery. Inventions and innovations almost always come out of tough trial and error. Innovation is like soccer; even the best players miss the goal and have their shots blocked much more frequently than they score.The point is that the players who score most are the ones who take most shots at the goal—and so it goes with innovation in any field of activity. The prime difference between innovation and others is one of approach. Everybody gets ideas, but innovators work consciously on theirs, and they follow them through until they prove practicable or otherwise. What ordinary people see as fanciful abstractions, professional innovators see as solid possibilities.“Creative thinking may mean simply the realization that there’s no particular goodness in doing things the way they have always been done.” Wrote Rudolph Flesch, a language authority. This accounts for our reaction to seemingly simple innovations like plastic garbage bags and suitcases on wheels that make life more convenient: “How come nobody thought of that before?”The creative approach begins with the proposal that nothing be as it appears. Innovators will not accept that there is only one way to do anything. Faced with getting from A to B, the average person will automatically set out on the best-known and apparently simplest route. The innovator will search for alternate courses, which may prove easier in the long run and are sure to be more interesting and challenging even if they lead to dead ends. Highly creative individuals really do march to a different drummer.72. What does the author probably mean by “untaught mind” in the first paragraph?A. An individual who often comes up with new ideas by accident.B. A person who has had no education.C. A citizen of a society that restricts personal creativity.D. A person ignorant of the hard work involved in experimentation.73. According to the author, what differs innovators from non-innovators?A. The way they present their findings.B. The way they deal with problems.C. The intelligence they possess.D. The variety of ideas they have.74.The phrase “march to a different drummer” (the last line of the passage) suggests that highlycreative individuals are _____.A. unwilling to follow common ways of doing thingsB. diligent in pursuing their goalsC. concerned about the advance of societyD. devoted to the progress of science75.The most suitable title for this passage might be _____.A. The Relation Between Creation and DiligenceB. To Be a Creative Expert in the Study of Human CreativityC. What Are So Special about Creative IndividualsD. Discoveries and InnovationSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.Dieting is hard work, and there are plenty of “helpful ” diet tricks that can make weight loss even harder! Here are some common myths about losing weight and the truth behind them. 76.Carbohydrates are actually an important source of energy. There are good carbs and bad carbs. Refined and processed foods, like white bread or white rice, are examples of bad carbs. Good carbs include whole wheat bread and brown rice. They ’re rich in fiber and really good for you!77.On the contrary, studies show that people who eat breakfast tend to eat fewer calories throughout the day. And if you know you ’re going to be eating a big meal later, don ’t starve yourself in order to “save your calories.” You ’ll just eat more during the meal because you ’re so hungry! Instead, eat smaller meals a couple days before and after, and exercise more.78.Bad news —if you want a flatter stomach, just exercising your abs won ’t work. You can ’t target where you lose weight. Cardio exercises will help burn fat, while weight training helps build muscles. Your “trouble areas ” might not be the first to slim down, but keep exercising! 79.If you and your family have problems with obesity, you ’re not destined to be fat. While a “fat gene ” does exist, its influence on your size is actually pretty small. Smart eating and exercise have a much greater impact than your genes. Only 25 percent of your weight is controlled by genes —the rest is up to you!80.Many people think that the key to losing weight is cutting out all bad foods. But the more restrictive your diet is, the more likely you are to break it —and in a big way. To lose weight and keep it off, eat great 80 percent of the time, but indulge in a treat or two the other 20 percent. Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.That experiences influence future behaviour is evidence of an obvious but neverthelessA. Your weight depends on your genes.B. Say “no ” to junk food —no exceptions.C. Carbs are good or bad for you.D. Skipping meals helps you lose more weight.E. It is difficult to lose weight.F. You can control where your body loses weight.remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. So called intelligent behaviour demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory. Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences.Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material. Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one’s memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids situation in time, since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration.Another line of thought assumes a memory storage system of limited capacity that provides adaptive flexibility specifically through forgetting. In this view, continual adjustments are made between learning or memory storage (input) and forgetting(output). Indeed, there is evidence that the rate at which individuals forget is directly related to how much they have learned. Such data offer common support of contemporary models of memory that assume an input-output balance. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)81. According to Para. 1, memory plays an important role in _____________________________.82. We can obviously notice that over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to beforgotten from _______________________________________________________________.83. What does it seem that the author disagree to explain?84. According to the last paragraph, how do we exactly make adjustments between memory andforgetting?第II卷（共45分）IV. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.85. 今天的报告有多少人缺席？( absent )86. 对自己有信心是获取成功的第一步。