b8m5reading
英语课标的24个话题
中学英语课程标准24个话题项目说明：标*号的项目为八级要求。
1. 个人情况（Personal information）(B1M2,B5M5)（1）Individual data （name, age, date of birth, place of birth, telephone number, address, postal code, address, ID number, etc. ）（2）Family data （name, age, relationship, etc. ）（3）School data （school, grade, class, teacher, etc. ）（4）Data uses （filling out forms and application, etc. ）（5）Jobs and career （office worker, worker, teacher, doctor, farmer, driver, official, etc. ）2. 家庭、朋友与周围的人（Family, friends and people around）紧接着讲8人际关系（B4M3,B6M1,B6M3）（1）Family and relatives （grandparents, parents, brother, sister, aunt, uncle, cousin, son, daughter, etc. ）（2）Friends （close neighbour, schoolmate, classmate, roommate, team-mate, etc. ）（3）Other people （neighbour, local shopkeeper, teacher, colleague, etc. ）3. 周围环境（Personal environments）（B1M4）（1）Kinds of homes （apartment, house, dormitory, etc. ）（2）Rooms in homes （bedroom, kitchen, living room, bathroom, etc. ）（3）Furniture & home items （ table, chair, sofa, desk, bed, television, etc. ）（4）Schools （classroom, playground, hall, puter room, office, etc. ）（5）Outside （grocery store, book shop, clothing store, market, bank, library, museum, cinema, theatre, park, road, etc. ）4. 日常活动（Daily routines）（B5M2）（1）Getting ready （time for school, playing, bed）（2）Dressing, brushing teeth, washing hands and face, taking a shower, etc.（3）Eating （breakfast, lunch, snacks and dinner）（4）Daily chores （tidying, sweeping, doing dishes, cooking）（5）Homework （reading, writing, studying, etc. ）（6）Family time （watching television, going out, visiting, etc. ）5. 学校生活（School life）（B1M1,B1M2,B1M5,B7M2）（1）School building （classroom, office, library, washroom, etc. ）（2）School organization （grade, class, subject, break, schedule, etc. ）（3）People （teacher, classmate, schoolmate, cleaner, etc. ）（4）Subjects （Chinese, maths, English, geography, history, etc. ）（5）Activities （sports, extra-curricular involvement, trip, etc. ）（6）Instruction （Please listen, read, get into groups, act, etc. ）（7）Educational methods （preview, review, discuss, presentation, summary）6. 兴趣与爱好（Interests and hobbies）（1）Less （music, dance, acting, sport, etc. ）（2）Games （physical games, puter games, sports, etc. ）（3）Hobbies （collecting stamps, coins, dolls, etc. ）（4）Reading （books, newspapers, ics, etc. ）（5）Cultural events （film, theatre, concert, opera, etc. ）（6）Entertainment （listening to radio, watching TV, playing CD, DVD, etc. ）（7）Socializing （having parties, issuing invitation, going for piics, going sightseeing, entertaining guests, etc. ）（8）Expressing your reaction to these activities7. 个人感情（Emotion）（1）Describing feelings （happy, sad, angry, upset, pleased, proud, lonely, worried, nervous, afraid, etc. ）（2）Expressing emotion （smiling, laughing, crying, shouting, etc. ）（3）Describing facial expression and gestures8. 人际关系（Interpersonal relationships）见上（1）People （parent, brother, sister, other family members, friend, neighbour, teacher, etc. ）（2）Social behaviours （greeting, introducing, giving thanks, asking for permission, asking for help, solving problems, dealing with conflicts, etc. ）（3）Getting together （making plans / arrangements, time, date, place, event, etc. ）9. 计划与愿望（Plans and intention）（1）Planning （holidays, social events, travel, further education, jobs, etc. ）（2）Organizing （ asking for advice, asking for help, asking for permission, exploring possibilities, expressing needs and wants, etc. ）10. 节假日活动（Festivals, holidays and celebration）(B5M4)（1）Cultural festivals （ Spring Festivals, New Year's Day, Christmas, etc. ）（2）Religious holidays （Christmas, Easter, Ramada, etc. ）（3）Personal celebration （birthday, anniversary, graduation, etc. ）11. 购物（ Shopping）（1）Planning （shopping list, needs, wants, etc. ）（2）Products （clothes, groceries, personal items, electronics, etc. ）（3）Selecting （quality, weights, measures, size, colour, style, etc. ）（4）Paying （price, quantity, etc. ）12. 饮食（Food and drink）(B8M3)（1）Meats （beef, chicken, pork, fish, etc. ）（2）Soups （chicken, tofu, vegetable, etc. ）（3）Vegetables （cabbage, eggplant, etc. ）（4）Staple food （rice, bread, noodles, cake）（5）Drinks （milk, water, juice, soft drink, coke, alcoholic drinks, beer, wine, etc. ）（6）Fast foods （ sandwiches, noodles, dumplings, hot dogs, hamburgers, chips, etc. ）（7）Snacks （ice cream, chips, etc. ）（8）Eating customs （ways of eating, kinds of food, times to eat,table manners, chopsticks, knife, fork, etc. ）（9）Requesting or offering different foods and drinks（10）Likes and dislikes （favourite food, favourite drinks, etc. ）（11）Ordering food and/or drinks13. 健康（Health）(B2M1，B2M2)（1）Eating habits（2）Physical fitness and exercise（3）Personal hygiene（4）Illnesses （stomachache, headache, flu, cold, etc. ）（5）Medication（6）Accidents（7）Doctors, nurses & hospitals（8）Describing problems （parts of the body, pains, etc. ）（9）Medical insurance14. 天气（Weather）(B3M4)（1）Describing weather （sunny, cloudy, windy, rainy, hot, warm, cold, cool, etc. ）（2）Extreme weather （storms, gales, hurricanes, etc. ）（3）Dressing for the weather （ coat, hat, umbrella, raincoat, windbreaker, etc. ）15. 文娱与体育（Entertainment and sports）(B7M1)（1）Movies and theatre（2）Music and dance （folk music and dance, popular music and classical music）（3）Team games （football, basketball, volleyball, etc. ）（4）Games of two or four （table tennis, tennis, golf, etc. ）（5）Racing （running, swimming, horse racing, etc. ）（6）International sports events （ Olympic Games, World Cup, Football League, etc. ）（7）Spectators and fans（8）Physical exercises16. 旅游和交通（Travel and transport）(B1M3，B4M2，B5M5)（1）Methods of transportation （ walking, cycling, horse riding, taking buses, trains, boats, planes）（2）Travel （schedules, maps, tickets, fares）（3）Getting and asking direction（left, right, straight ahead, north, south, east, west, etc. ）（4）Safety rules and warnings （traffic lights, caution, walk, stop, etc. ）（5）Inquiring and making reservation （hotels, tourist spots, etc, ）（6）International travel （passport, visas, expenses, currency, etc. ）（7）Describing a journey17. 语言学习（Language learning）(B5M1，B8M4)（1）Differences between American English and British English（2）Language and culture（3）Language learning difficulties（4）Attitudes to language and munication（5）Language learning strategies（6）munication repair18. 自然（Nature）（B3M3，B4M6，B5M6）（1）Plants （green plants, trees, bushes, grass, vegetables, crops, flowers. etc. ）（2）Animals （farm animals, wild animals, endangered animals, pets, etc. ）（3）Heavenly bodies （The sun, the earth, the moon and stars, etc.）（4）Describing land （cities, farms, hill, mountains, lakes, rivers, etc. ）（5）Natural disasters （Volcano，earthquake, etc. ）*19. 世界和环境（The world and the environment）（1）Countries and maps （China, Great Britain, United States, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Japan, Russia, India, Egypt, Cuba. etc. ）（2）Issues （pollution, land use and quality, population growth, housing, etc. ）20. 科普知识与现代技术（Popular science and modern technology）（B1M5，B1M6，B4M4，B6M5，B8M5）（1）Recent invention, medical advances, technological advances, etc.（2）puter science21. 热点话题（Topical issues）（1）Population *（2）Environmental cervation *（3）Crime and punishment *（4）Social differences *（5）Pollution22. 历史和地理（ History and geography）（历史：B3M5，B6M6，B8M2;地理：B3M1，B3M6，B8M1）（1）General knowledge of history and geography about China（2）General knowledge of history and geography about the world（3）Historic events（4）Historical pers23. 社会（Society）（B3M2，B4M1）（1）Nationality and people（2）Famous people （contemporary）（3）Law （rules and regulation, traffic codes）（4）Ways of dressing （types of clothes, daily clothes or dress, situation and dressing）（5）Names of religion *（6）Religion and culture *（7）Customs and culture24. 文学与艺术（Literature and art）（文学：B5M3，B6M2，B7M3，B8M6;艺术：B2M4;音乐：B2M3，B6M4，B7M4）（1）Forms of literature and art （play, drama, novel, essay, poetry, shortstory）（2）Famous literary people and artists *25. 文化与传媒（culture and media）(文化：B3M6，B7M5，B7M6)、（传媒：B2M5，B2M6）整合版：1.个人情况（Personal information）（即人物介绍类）2.家庭、朋友与周围的人（Family, friends and people around）+人际关系（Interpersonal relationships）3.周围的环境（Personal environments）+天气（Weather）+自然（Nature）+世界和环境（The world and the environment）（即包含环境、水资源、野生动物的现状和解决措施，自然灾害的描述）4.日常活动（Daily routines）（即活动描写类，包含日记、通知类）5.学校生活（School life）+兴趣与爱好（Interests and hobbies）+文娱与体育（Entertainment and sports）（即包含寄宿学校的好坏，课外活动，课外辅导、压力、独立性和业余工作）6.节假日活动（Festivals, holidays and celebration）(端午、中秋、元宵、反思西方文化的入侵)7.购物（ Shopping）（网上购物，投诉类信件）8.饮食（Food and drink）+健康（Health）(食品安全，危害和措施)9.旅游和交通（Travel and transport）（旅行的好处，醉驾的危害和措施，交通问题和解决措施）10.语言学习（Language learning）（学习方法的介绍，学习困难提出与解决）11. 科普知识与现代技术（Popular science and modern technology）（网络运用，网络安全，微博，个人信息泄露）12. 历史和地理（ History and geography）（地点介绍类）13. 看图作文（单图和多图组合）14. 热点话题（Topical issues）（好人好事、道德观念、慈善事业）15. 文化与传媒（culture and media）。
新牛津译林版B5 U4 Reading 背诵速记版
复习讲义8：B5 U4 Reading 背诵速记版Artificial intelligence：friendly or frighteningImagine waking up one morning with the option of staying in bed and pressing a button to send a robot to do all the work for you.How cool that would be! It may seem like building castles(n. 城堡) in the air（幻想）,but given the rate at which artificial intelligence,or AI,is being developed, in the future such dreams may actually come true. At the basic level, artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that aims to create intelligent machines. One of the essential aims of AI is to develop computer intelligence capable of learning from experience, adjusting to new inputs（输入的信息）and performing tasks like humans. To achieve this aim, many approaches to creating true Al have been put forward,including “deep learning",which enables a machine to improve its own performance by learning from the results of its previous actions. Deep-learning AI has the capacity（能力）to analyse（分析）massive（巨大的，大量的）amounts of data through multiple layers, imitating the complex networks（网络，网络系统）of the human brain.The dream of AI has been around for centuries,and the development of computers since the 1940s has finally made it a reality.Years before the term “artificial intelligence" was coined（创造）in the mid-1950s,the theory had been explored byAlan Turing,one of the pioneers in the field of computer science. However,for a long time,AI technology developed very slowly. A major breakthrough（突破）in AI came in 1997,when Deep Blue, a chess-playing computer,beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov. Then in 2017,a computer program named AlphaGo defeated Ke Jie,arguably the best human Go player,which demonstrated a significa advance in deep-learning AI systems.Nowadays, AI is already being applied in many fields:finance（财政，金融）,health care, machine translation and art,to name but a few（略举几例）.From autonomous（自主的）vehicles to domestic（家庭的，家用的）robots, from recommendation systems to computers writing novels, Al has an unlimited number of applications. Ordinary people are now using AI to get instant translations of text in foreign languages, and machines can recognize fingerprints and even faces.In short,this technology is transforming the way we live. It is clear that we are at a turning point in history.With machines like AlphaGo now capable of thinking and learning from theirmistakes,we are getting closer to the dividing line between humans and machines.The question is, where will all this lead? While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future where intelligentrobots will be working to our advantage, these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears.Could machines really develop human-like intelligence? And what would happen if they did? Would thinking machines work alongside humans or threaten（威胁）the existence of humans? How would they be punished if they committed（v. 犯罪）crimes（n.罪，罪行）or even murdered(谋杀)humans? As we become more and more dependent on computers, some scientists are urging（敦促，督促）us to think about the dangers posed（造成，产生）by the advances in AI. Stephen Hawking,for example,warned,“The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race."Apparently（adv.显然，可见）, such warnings（n.警告，警报）demand （需要）our attention.We need to make sure that we will not fall victim（n.受害者）to AI. We may still think it would be fantastic to relax all day and allow autonomous machines to do all the work for us-but perhaps we should net be too greedy（adj.贪心的；贪婪的）and rather be careful what we wish for!B1：1.Facial recognition(n. 识别) technology, with its capacity to analyse a huge amount of data, has come into widespread use.2.It works by comparing the facial features of given images with those in database（n. 数据库）.3.It offers a quick and cool alternative（n. 可供选择的事物）to traditional passwords, and you can not forget your own faces.works use our own body as passwords, which is safer than hackers（n. 黑客）.works can better protect us from identity theft（n. 偷窃）.6.Hackers have broken into（强行闯入）the facial recognition systems.7.Scientists are urged to improve existing technology to make it fail-safe（adj.有自动保险装置的）.。
M_MXXXX_B5000_Virgin_03-11_EN_web[1]
![M_MXXXX_B5000_Virgin_03-11_EN_web[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/3fbadb3531126edb6f1a10bc.png)
This bogie famil y has original y been devel oped for suburban trafic. The excel ent stability properties of this low weight bogie allows the bogie to be used not only for high-speed applications such as Virgin Rail in the UK but also for ICE operation in Germany. The B5000 bogie family is characterized by its extremely compact and low weight design.The bogie is in service for instance at Virgin Rail & MML in the UK. The picture on the left shows the Virgin train with the bogie B5000.The bogie weight has been reduced by 30-35%, the unsuspended weight by 30-40%compared to corresponding conventional bogies. The low weight and unsprung mass minimise the track forces. Due to the low torsional stiffness of the frame, this bogie is able to cope with sub-standard track conditions.B5000M-Size BogiesFor Coach and EMU ApplicationsB5000TECHNICAL DATAGauge 1,435 mm Wheel base2,250 mm Wheel diameter max.780 mm Wheel diameter min.716 mm Maximum speed120 km/h Mass (with final drive gearbox)4,7 ton Maximum axle load 16 ton Pivot load27 ton Height over secondary suspension 960 mm Power300 kW©2004, B o m b a r d i e r I n c .o r i t s s u b s i d i a r i e s .A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d / P r i n t e d i n F r a n c e / 0477/B O G /09-2004/e nCHARACTERISTICS• Welded H shaped torsional flexible frame for inside bearing location • Due to the low torsional stiffness of the frame, the bogie is able to cope with sub standard track conditions• Maintenance-free primary suspension using rubber metacone springs and axle guidance using traction rods• No need for additional primary dampers, due to the damping within the rubber spring elements• Low noise emission due to rubber primary suspension• Lightweight inboard bearing wheelset with large diameter journal bearing • 780 mm wheels with wheel mounted brake disc • Hollow axle with large diameter bore• High comfort due to secondary suspension with airspring in combination with rubber emergency spring• Additional air volume mounted in the carbody• Lateral and vertical dampers in the secondary suspension • Yaw dampers for control of stability• Carbody mounted traction motor driving the final drive gearbox on one wheelset of each bogie via a cardan shaft• 4 wheel mounted disc brakes with spring applied parking brakes • The bogie to carbody connection has a low stiffness central pivotAustra ia •Austria • Be gium • Brazi • Canada • China • Czech Repub ic • Denmark • France •Germany • Hungary • India Ita ly • Mexico • Norway • Po land • Portuga l• Russia • Spain • Sweden • Switzer land • United Kingdom • USABombardier TransportPlace des ateliers-BP 1 - FR-59154 Crespin - France Phone:+33 3 27 23 53 00 - Fax: +33 3 27 35 16 24。
NSE 高二英语第一学期BOOK 5 M5 reading 课件教案
e.g. We purchased a car before.以前我们买过
一辆车。
New word —— guarantee
Verb [with obj.]
promise 保证，允诺
e.g. Success for Li Ning was guaranteed, and
it came quickly.李宁的成功有了保证，并且来势 迅速。
Verb [with obj.]
work, function, or do something to a specified standard 工作；运行；表现
e.g. He was disappointed because he had not
performed well in the 1988 Seoul Olympics.
Thinking ....
Q
What did people call Li Ning and why? A1 : They called him the prince of gymnasts…..(Pa .1)
1
Thinking....
Q2 How did Li Ning feel when he
the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles
Continue learning (6)
Continue learning (6)
Li Ning, the prince of gymnasts, is performing on the pommelled horse at the 1982 World Championship.
Reviewing
Continue learning (7)
2022年八年级下册英语第八课reading翻译
2022年八年级下册英语第八课reading翻译原文：Books, bring warmth to people; Books, bring power to people; Books bring knowledge to people...People who swim in the sea of books will forget fatigue, absorb the nutrition of knowledge, open the journey of reading. I started reading when I was five years old. That year, I was five years old, I was full of curiosity about the world, the colorful world is full of happy experience. One day, I went to the supermarket with my parents to buy things. In front of the book shelf, I stopped, attracted by a colorful fairy tale book.I said to my mother, "Mom, I like this!" Mother from the bookshelf down to me, I opened the book, inside the beautiful pictures let me more reluctant to part. "Mom, I do." I looked at my mother expectantly. Mother smiled: "you are still small, the book in the word do not know, pinyin is not the general meeting, how to see?" 'Read it to me! I pleaded. I love to cry, tears have been forced to the corner of the eye. Mother saw, had to compromise: "well, thenyou have to promise me, later to read, learn more knowledge, more taste books to bring happiness." So, I began to have an indissoluble relationship with books. Beautiful fairy tales, beautiful dream vision quietly buried in my heart, gradually, I have a strong love and desire for books, the seeds of reading in my heart. As my thirst for knowledge grew stronger and stronger, I could read zhuyin books fluently at the age of seven in order to read wonderful stories. My reading journey is getting further and further away. When I was five or six years old, beautiful fairy tales with me to sleep, teach me pure forever; When I was seven or eight years old, laughing cat was my best friend and taught me to be a happy person. When I was nine years old, the legendary myth moved my heart and let me know to look forward to the future. When I was ten years old, the lovely ALI gave me warmth and explained the true meaning of love to me. When I was eleven years old, animal legends impressed me and made me understand how important it is to protect our animals and the environment. Now I have been attracted by xu Youbin's warm novel, suspenseful beginning, warm ending...Book, is my good friend, good partner, it teaches me noblequality, teach me all kinds of knowledge, it is like a teacher for me to tell about knowledge, like parents for me to bring happiness, also like friends to add joy to me... My relationship with books is still going on, my journey of reading is still going on...翻译：书，给人们带来温暖；书，给人们带来力量；书，给人们带来知识……畅游在书海的人会忘却疲惫，汲取知识的营养，开启阅读的旅程。
人教版英语选修8教师用书Unit5SectionⅠWarmingUpPre-readingReadi
甲骨文(oracle bone script)是中国古代的一种文字，被认为是现代汉字的早期形式，有时候也被认为是汉字的书体之一，同时也是现存中国最古老的一种成熟文字。
甲骨文引导炎黄子孙走上使图形记号表示意义而不约束其读者的文字发展历程，造就了延绵数千年的统一文化意识。
Oracle Bone ScriptOracle bone script refers to the ancient Chinese characters found on animal bones or turtle shells used in divination(占卜) in Bronze Age China.The vast majority record is the divination by fire of the royal house of the late Shang Dynasty at the capital of Yin (modern Anyang，Henan Province)．Because turtle shells as well as bones were used，the oracle bone script is also sometimes called shell and bone script.As the majority of oracle bones bearing writing date to the late Shang Dynasty，oracle bone script essentially refers to Shang script.It is certain that the writing of the Shang Dynasty experienced a period of development before the Anyang oracle bone script; however，no significant quantity of clearly identifiable writing before or during the early to middle Shang cultural period has been discovered.The oracle bone script of the late Shang appears pictographic(象形文字的)，as does its contemporary，the Shang writing on bronzes.The earliest oracle bone script appears even more so than examples from late in the period paring oracle bone script to both Shang and early Western Zhou period writing on bronzes，oracle bone script is clearly greatly simplified；this is thought to be due to the difficulty of carving on the hard and bony surfaces.The more detailed and more pictorial(图片的，图画似的) style of the bronze graphs is thus thought to be more representative of typical Shang writing (as would have normally occurred on bamboo books) than the oracle bone script forms，and it is this typical style which continued to evolve into the Zhou period writing and then into the seal script of the Qin state in the late Zhou period.[阅读障碍词]1．Bronze Age青铜时代2．evolve v. 演化；演变[诱思导读]根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)1．The oracle bone script we say today mainly refers to Shang script. ()2．Typical Shang writing is more detailed and more pictorial. ()[答案] 1.T 2.TⅠ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思()1.assume A．n.可能的选择adj.供选择的；其他的()2.analysis B．n.被子；棉被()3.alternative C．n.挨饿；饿死()4.sharpen D．n.精确；准确()5.quilt E．v t.&v i.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止()6.starvation F．v t.假定；设想()7.interrupt G．v i.&v t.(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰()8.messy H．adj.足够的；充足的；富裕的()9.accuracy I．adj.凌乱的；脏的()10.ample J．n.分析[答案]1－5FJAGB6－10CEIDHⅡ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思()2.Ralph has e to a conclusion that Martin was only interested in himself.()3.The table which is made of wood can be used longer than that made of glass.()4.Dad let me show the guests around our garden.()5.How long have you been suffering from a headache?()6.Regardless of where we are and what we are doing，our devotion to motherland will never change.()7.I don't care about the price as long as the car is in good condition.()8.The trip will only cost you fifty pounds at most.[答案]1－5FDEAG6－8HBCA VISIT TO THE ZHOUKOUDIAN CA VESA group of students(S)from England has e to the Zhoukoudian ca v es for a v isit.An archaeologist(考古学家)(A)is sho w ing them round①.A：Wele to the Zhoukoudian caves here in China.It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England，who are interested in archaeology.You must be aware that②it's here that we found evidence of some of the earliest people who lived in this part of the world.We've been excavating(挖掘) here for many years and．．．周口店洞穴参观记一群英国学生(简称学)来到周口店洞穴参观，有一位考古学家(简称考)正领着他们参观。
牛津高中英语模块8Reading课文翻译
Unit 1Appreciating literatureWhat is classic literature? Classics are the antiques of the literary world. They are novels, playsand poems that were written a long time ago and were so well written and well received that peoplestill read them today. They are examples of great writing and wisdom, and even those written centuries ago can still be found in bookshops and libraries today.Because a lot of classics were written so long ago, the language used in them is quite different from the language used today. This makes them difficult for some people to read, and often, the classics are left to gather dust on shelves. Many people do not read them because they think that they are old-fashioned and boring, and have nothing to do with life today.However, if this is true, why do we still find classics in bookshops and libraries?They have not disappeared and still have a place in the world today. Why else would many films based on them be successful? In 1995, Clueless, the award-winning film based on Jane Aus tin?s novel Emma, was released. Three years later, in 1998, a modern adaptation of Charles Dickens?s novel Great Expectations appeared in cinemas. I do not think that these classic novels would be made into films if they had nothing to do with life today.Charles Dickens: ,England?s greatest writer?Charles Dickens was born in Portsmouth, England in 1812. He wrote many novels.Olive Twist, David Copperfield and Great Expectations are probably his best-known works. He first published many novels one chapter at a time in newspapers, and some were later performed on stage. For people at that time, his stories were like the soap operas we see on TV today.He died in 1870 and his tomb reads, ,by his death, one of England?s greatest writers is lost to the world.?Great ExpectationsGreat Expectations is set in England in the early 1800s.Dickens uses Pip, the main character, totell the story . Pip is not only a character, he also tells the story of Great Expectations. Pip lives with his older sister and her husband Joe. Pip?s sister seldom has a kind word to say, but Joe is a kind and simple man, who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.Pip, who is seven years old when the story begins, is in a misty field of tombs when a man appears and frightens him. Mist is a symbol of danger and uncertainty in Great Expectations. Classic novels often have symbols which add interest, tension or deeper meaning to the text. Readers may not be able to see the danger, so they need a symbol like the mist to make it clearer to them.There is a twist in the plot when a very generous stranger gives Pip a lot of money. Pip is about18 years old when this happens, and the fortune sets him free from the financial worries. Pip makesthe abrupt decision to move from Kent, which is a constant remainder of his shabby beginnings, tothe bright lights of London.Excited by his move to London, Pip can hardly wait to begin his new life. Money and education have changed him, and before long he develops the shortcomings of being shallow and having prejudice, even against his old companions. Pip dislikes it when Joe comes to visit him in London. He has rigid ideas of what it means to be civil and to be a gentleman, and is embarrassed by Joe he does not fit these.Pip is bent on becoming a gentle man and winning Estella?s love. Estella is a beautiful girl, andfor Pip, she is a symbol of education and money. What it really means to be a gentleman is an important theme in Great Expectations. Is an educated person with a lot of money a gentleman? Or isa gentleman somebody who is kind and good to his friends?By the end of the novel, Pip has changed a lot. He learns that wealth does not buy happiness and that friends are more important than a fancy education. This change in Pip is called character development and is an important part of any novel. Does Joe forgive Pip? Does Pip get the girl of his dreams? You will just have to read it yourself to find out!1.What does classic literature refer to in the passage?A. Literary works written in classical form.B. Literary works with a long history.C. Literary works that were written long ago, well written and well received.D. Novels, plays and poems that were written long ago.2.According to the author, classic literature ________.A. is old-fashioned and boringB. has nothing to do with life todayC. is novels that can be made into filmsD. still has a place in today ?s world3.All of the following are written by Charles Dickens EXCEPT ________.A. Oliver TwistB. A Tale of Two CitiesC. CluelessD. Great Expectations4.What is/are the theme(s) in Great Expectations?A. Wealth does not buy happiness.B. What it means to be a gentleman.C. Friends are more important than a fancy education.D. All of above.5.What is the author ?s intention in writing the article?A.She tries to convince us to adopt a new point of view towards classics.B.She asks us to reconsider our ideas about the films based on classics.C.She tells us that classics are the antiques of the literary world.D.She suggests that there are enough classics in bookshops and libraries.Unit 2Turandot in BeijingBy Jane JonesLast night, I witnessed the first of only eight performances of Giacomo Puccini?s world-famous opera, Turandot , being performed in the Forbidden City in Beijing, China. The performance was splendid. It starred some of the world?s greatest opera singers. Many great Chinese musicians, actors and singers were also cast. Puccini, an Italian, wrote Turandot towards the end of his life, in 1924. He liked East Asia very much and also wrote Madam Butterfly , which is set in Japan.Turandot is the story of a cold-hearted Chinese princess, named Turandot, who lives in Beijing?s Forbidden City. In order to avoid marriage, she says that any potentia l husband must answer three riddles correctly or die.Just imaging performing such an opera in the Forbidden City------there could not be a better setting! Y ou could almost feel the history. The weather was also perfect for an outdoor performance. Instead of a stage curtain, there were decorated panels covered with red and gold, and traditional Chinese drums were used to announce the start of the opera.The story begins when a prince is killed for being unable to answer Turandot?s riddles. Shortly afterwards, another prince, Calaf, sees Turandot for the first time and falls in love. The handsome prince says that he will solve the riddles and marry her. Then, in a moving solo performance, a young slave of Calaf?s father, Liu expresses her love for Calaf. The story then takes on a classic triangle featuring Calaf, Turandot, and Liu, whose love for Calaf is unconditional.In the story , Turandot was drunk with power. She even dares to try and exercise control over her father, the emperor of China, who has promised to allow her to choose her own husband. The emperor finds the deaths of so many men disturbing and although he would like to, he cannot break his promise.Calaf recites the answers to the Turandot?s questions correctly, but she is greatly upset by this. Seeing this, Calaf says that if she can guess his name by sunshine, she does not have to marry him. Turandot is desperate to learn his name and threatens and terrifies Liu because he knows his name. while she is being tortured, Liu grabs a sward from a guard and kills herself. Everyone is shocked by this. After Liu kills herself, Calaf kisses Turandot and finally wins her affection. Then Calaf says hisown name aloud, leaving his future in Turandot?s hands.The opera finishes with a beautifully-sung final duet, which was so moving that the audience fell silent. At the end of the story, the prince and princess marry and the whole city celebrates their happiness. Unfortunately, Puccini died before he completed this final scene, but he left notes for thefinal duet, which was completed by one of his former students, Franco Alfano.An opera company staged the opera in Beijing in the 1990s, but the performance I saw was the first time Turandot was staged inside the Forbidden City. The production combined the very best of Western and Chinese talents in music,staging and directing. The orchestra was conducted by the Zubin Mehta, an internationally famous conductor, who was born in India. The opera was directed bythe well-known Chinese director, Zhang Yimou. In the Beijing performance I saw, Turandot was played by Sharon Sweet from the USA, Liu was played by another opera singer from the USA, Barbara Hendricks, and Calaf was sung by Kristjan Johannsson from Iceland. They were all excellent.The Forbidden City is an area where once only the emperor, his family and officials were allowed. However, in this wonderful production, it has been transformed into the location for a beautiful and heartbreaking love story. The bringing together of this group of people from many countries, the music, and the setting are clearly the key components of this amazing production.1. Who completed the world-famous opera Turandot ?A. Giacomo Puccini alone.B. Puccini ?s former student Franco Alfano.C. Giacomo Puccini and Franco Alfano.D. Kristjan Johannsson from Iceland.2. How many times was Turandot staged in the Forbidden City according to the article?A. Only once.B. Twice.C. Eight times.D. Unknown.3.What does the writer mean by saying “there could not be a better setting ”?A.Because the weather was perfect for an outdoor performance.B.Because she felt that the audience could almost feel the history.C.There were decorated panels covered with red and gold.D.Because Turandot was born in the Forbidden City.4.Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Liu ?s love for Calaf is unconditional.B. The story takes on a classic love triangle.C. Calaf finally wins Turandot?s affection.D. Hundreds of princes were killed for being unable to answer Turandot?s riddles.5.We may conclude from the passage that ________.A.more princes would be killed if it were not for CalafB.no prince could solve Turandot ?s riddlesC.Calaf would marry both Liu and Turandot if Liu were still alive.D.Liu could have won Calaf ?s affection if she hadn ?t killed herself.WORD格式--可编辑江苏省淮阴中学2007 届高三英语专项训练055 号牛津英语模块八编制：王新凤Unit 3Visiting the mastersHi Yang Yan,Here I am in Amsterdam. This trip has been fantastic! As you know, I am with my aunt and grandmother. They are both very talented artists, and I am thinking about starting painting myself after I get back. Let me tell you all about our trip.We started in Spain and went to the city of M laga, the ábirthplace of Pablo Picasso. The house where Picasso was born is now a museum full of his art. M laga is a lovelyá city and the architecture is beautiful. I was amazed to learn that Picasso produced more than 20000 pieces of art and he wasn?tjust a painter. He drew pictures for books, and was also a sculptor and photographer. He developed different style of painting, including cubism, which is a type of art where things are represented as geometric shapes. My grandmother really likes cubist paintings and thinks he is the greatest artist ever.After visiting Spain, we flew to Paris. In Paris,all the buildings were very historic.The architecture was my favorite part of Paris. Everything was just so beautiful!During our four days in Paris we spent one whole day at the Louvre Museum. I thought it wasgoing to be very boring, but it wasn?t. In the Louvre Museum is the famous Mona Lisa painting by the Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci.He created this masterpiece between 1503 and 1506. I am sure you have seen this picture of a lady with dark hair and a mysterious smile. This painting is so valuable thatit is difficult to calculate what its price would be if the museum wanted to sell it. Besides being a painter, da Vinci was also a sculptor, an architect,an engineer and a scientist. He made a lot of scientific discoveries that he shared with the world, particularly in the field of astronomy .Besides the works of da V inci, the Louvre Museum has more than 6000 other European paintings,ranging from the 13th thcentury. It doesn?t have any modern paintings in it. Modern century to the 19paintings are not all kept at another museum in the city called the Musée d?Orsay. We went ther our second day in Paris because my aunt wanted to see the works of Claude Monet.Monet was a French painter who lived between 1840 and 1926. He loved to paint lotus flowersso much that he built a special garden at his home, where hundreds of lotus plants floated on thesurface of a pond. I think it would feel very peaceful to live there. My aunt wants to go back to Franceagain to see the garden. She almost wept because we missed it this time.Now let me tell you about our trip to Amsterdam. On the way here, we flew over a thunderstorm.Some people were scared, but I liked seeing the thunder in the clouds beneath the plane. Eventually,the thunderstorm stopped and we saw a beautiful rainbow in the clouds.Yesterday we went to the Van Gogh Museum. Van Gogh painted everything from people tonature during his ten years of painting. He painted about 800 oil paintings and did 1600 drawings. One of his most famous oil paintings is The Potato Eaters, which he painted in 1885. His early paintings used a style called Impressionism, but towards the end of his life, he created more abstractartwork. He did 36 paintings of himself, and his most famous still lifes are of sunflowers. One of my favorites of his paintings is called Starry Night, which he completed in 1889.The sad thing is that although Van Gogh devoted his whole self to painting, he only sold one painting before he died in 1890. His younger brother, Theo, tried hard to sell and distribute Van Gogh?s paintings to buyers, but he was never able to negotiate a successful sale. Although weadore his work today, V an Gogh was not successful while he was alive.Tomorrow we are off to another museum in Amsterdam. The most famous paintings there are by Rembrandt. He lived from 1606 until 1669. My aunt really wants to see a painting of his calledthe Night Watchman, which was painted in1642.I?ll tell you more about my trip when I get back. .Regards,Li Ming1.Pablo Picasso developed different styles of painting in his life, and ________ is one of them.A. cubismB. impressionismC. portraitD. still life2.Leonardo da V inci wasn ?t just a painter; he was also all of the following EXCEPT ________.A. an architectB. an engineerC. a photographerD. a sculptor3.If you want to see the works of Glaude Monet, you should go to ________.A. the Louvre MuseumB. the Musee d?OrsayC. AmsterdamD. the city of Malaga4.________ made van Gogh ?s early paintings special, according to the passage.A. The 800 oil paintings and 1,600 drawingsB. The style called impressionismC. The 36 paintings towards the end of his lifeD. His unsuccessful career while he was alive.5.How many museums did Li Ming mention in the e-mail?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. FiveUnit 4Important film events around the worldHost: welcome to our weekly programme, Movie Magic. Our guests today are representatives from six of the major international film festivals. Those spokeswomen and spokesmen will tell us about the festivals they represent. Joining us in the studio are Isabel Rose from the Cannes Film Festival, Hanz Muller from the Berlin International Film Festival, Kathy Barnes from the Sundance FilmFestival, Maria Bella from the Venice Film Festival, Mike Taylor from theToronto International Film Festival and Xu Li from the Shanghai International Film Festival.Welcome, everyone! Maria, do tell us a little about the V enice Film Festival.Maria: Well, I think it is right appropriate for me to begin our discussion. The V enice Film Festival is the oldest film festival in the world. It began in 1932. Our festival is part of a larger festivalwhich celebrates contemporary art. We view film as a type of contemporary art.Host: Kathy, please tell us about the Sundance Film Festival.Kathy: Unlike the Venice Film Festival, Sundance Film Festival only includes small, independent films. That is, it only includes those not financed by Hollywood studios. Many are made byamateur directors and star amateur stars.Maria: Kathy, I hate to interrupt you, but in defence of the V enice Film Festival, I have to point out that we don?t just feature Hollywood films. Our policy is to include high -quality films, regardless of who makes them. We don?t distinguish between Hollywood films and independent ones. As long as the film?s quality meets our standards, we include it.Kathy: The Sundance Film Festival boycotts all Hollywood films, and we don?t foresee ever including them. The idea for our festival was hatched back in 1978, when it was known as the Utah/USFilm Festival. However, it was not well-known until 1981. it was then that Robert Redford toolover and changed the focus to saluting independent films. It was renamed the Sundance FilmFestival in 1991. Redford has acted in and directed many big Hollywood films, and so he knew how many actors and directors were making good films unknown to the public. Now, if a filmwins an award at Sundance, there is a good chance it will become famous!Isabel: Cannes is another festival that can make films famous. If a film wins a victory at the Cannes Film Festival, everyone will hear about it. I think it is fair to say that Cannes is the mostfamous and exciting festival.Hanz: I hate to contradict you, but in recent years, the Cannes Film Festival has given awards mostly to American films. So critics say that it has taken a step backwards, and is beginning toresemble the Academy Awards in Hollywood too much.Isabel: Well, yes, films shown at Cannes are often made with large budgets, and have well-known actors and directors. Many of them are American, but we reject the idea that we have lost ourinternational angle. Considering the history of our festival, we feel it is important not to favorfilms from any one country. The Cannes Film Festival was started in 1939 because many people felt that the V enice Film Festival was giving awards to only German and Italian films.Hanz: Well, in my opinion, most people agree that the Berlin Film Festival is one of the most international of all the film festivals. Since it began in 1951, we have given awards to filmsfrom all around the globe. Hollywood films are in the minority at our festival, and films fromsmaller countries that would be overlooked at Cannes, for example, have a real chance of winning in Berlin.Mike: I am the spokesman for the Toronto International Film Festival, which began in 1975 and very quickly became one of the main film festivals around the world. Each year, famous actors and directors come to Toronto, and the whole film world pays attention to who wins. It is the second largest festival in the world------only Cannes is bigger. Our festival tries to show filmsfrom many countries, but gives some bonus awards to Canadian films.Xu Li: I represent the Shanghai International Film Festival. Our festival was founded in 1993 so we are perhaps the youngest festival. Even though we have only existed a short time, our festival has a good reputation worldwide. We are the only international film festival in China. We show films from many different countries and the highlight of the festival each year is the ,Jinjue? or Golden Cup Award.1. Which of the following festivals views film as a type of contemporary art?A. The Sundance Film Festival.B. The Venice Film Festival.C. The Cannes Film Festival.D. The Toronto International Film Festival.2.Which of the following is NOT true according to the transcript?A.The Venice Film Festival includes small, independent films.B.The Shanghai International Film Festival is the youngest one in the world.C.The Cannes Film Festival has given awards mostly to films from the US in recent years.D.The Sundance Film Festival will include Hollywood films in the future.3.What is the particular feature of the Sundance Film Festival?A.It directs focus to saluting independent films.B.The idea of the festival was hatched back as early as in 1978.C.It was renamed by Robert Redford in 1991.D.The film awarded by it will become famous in the world.4.________ is the largest film festival in the world followed by ________.A.The Academy Awards; the Cannes Film FestivalB.The Cannes Film Festival; the Sundance Film FestivalC.The Toronto International Film Festival; the Sundance Film FestivalD.The Cannes Film Festival; the Toronto International Film Festival5.At which film festival are you likely to find films made by amateur actors from smaller countries?A. The Shanghai International Film Festival.B. The Sundance Film Festival.C. The Berlin Film Festival.D. The Academy A wards.文学欣赏什么是经典文学？经典文学作品是文学世界的珍贵遗产。
译林版八年级上册英语Unit 5 Reading讲解(包含答案)
Unit 5 Wild animalsReading1.When Xi Wang was born, she weighed just 100 grams and looked like a white mouse.（1）be born的含义:出生。
注意when Xi Wang was born还可以说成at birth（2）weigh的含义和用法:① weigh是个动词；如: The bag weighs 7 kilos.=The bag is 7 kilos heavy.这个包重7公斤。
②当我们要问“这个包多重?”时,常用:What the weight of the bag?= How much does the bag weigh?= How heavy is the bag?③weigh的名词形式为: weight,与之相关的词组为lose weight= get thinner减肥,变瘦; put on weight=get fatter变胖练习1)_______ did you weigh when you were born?A. How heavyB. How muchC. How manyD. How2)那位十二岁男生体重多少?(三种翻译方法)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3)When Xi Wang was born,she weighed just 100 grams and looked like a white mouse.(同义句转换)Xi Wang weighed just 100 grams and looked like a white mouse ______ ________.解析：1. B 2. What the weight of the twelve-year-old boy?= How much does the twelve-year-old boy weigh?= How heavy is the twelve-year-old boy? 3. at birth2.We called her Xi Wang. 我们叫她希望。
book 8 reading课文原文
选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity-ReadingCALIFORNIACalifornia is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.NATIVE AMERCANSExactly when the first people arrived in _______ we now know as California, no one really knows. However, it is likely ____ Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America b y means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffered greatly. Thousands were forced into slavery. In addition, many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans. However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.THE SPANISHIn the 18th century California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, ______ they fought against the native people and took their land. Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of _____ we now call the United States. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, _______ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain. California then became part of Mexico. In 1846 the United States declared war on Mexico, and after the warwon by the USA, Mexico had to give California to the USA. However, there is still a strong Spanish influence in the state. That is ______ today over 40 of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.RUSSIANSIn the early 1800s, Russian hunters, who had originally gone to Alaska, began settling in California. Today there are about 25,000 Russian-Americans living in and around San Francisco.GOLD MINERSIn 1848, not long after the American-Mexican war, gold was discovered in California. The dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States. Then adventurers from Europe and Asia soon followed. In fact, few achieved their dream of becoming rich. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. They settled in the new towns or on farms. By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.LATER A RRIV ALSAlthough Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast _____ brought even larger numbers to California in _____1860s. Today, Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California, although a large percentage have chosen to stay in the "Chinatowns" of Los Angeles and San Francisco.Other immigrants such as Italians, mainly fishermen but also wine makers, arrived in California in the late 19th century. In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture. By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood, California. Theindustry boom attracted Europeans including many Jewish people. Today California has the second largest Jewish population in the United States.Japanese farmers began arriving in California at the beginning of the 20th century, and since the 1980s a lot more have settled there. People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s, _____they moved north from Mexico.THE FUTUREPeople from different parts of the world, attracted by the climate and the lifestyle, still immigrate to California. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.GEORGE’S DIARY 12TH—14TH JUNEMonday 12th, JuneI Arrived early this morning by bus. Went straight to hotel to drop my luggage, shower and shave. Then went exploring. First thing was a ride on a cable car. From top of the hill got a spectacular view of San Francisco Bay and the city. Built in 1873, the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie, who wanted to find a better form of transport than horse-drawn trams. Apparently he'd been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a tram's brakes failed, the conductor could not control the situation and the tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it.Tuesday 13th, JuneTeamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car. Spent all day driving around the city. There's a fascinating drive marked out for tourists. It has blue and white signs with seagulls on them to show the way to go. It's a 79km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots. Stopped many times to admire the view of the city from different angles and take photographs. Now have areally good idea of what the city's like.Saw galleries and a museum containing documents, photographs and all sorts of objects about the history of Chinese immigration, but it is closed in the evening.Wednesday 14th, JuneIn morning, took ferry to Angel Island from the port in San Francisco Bay. From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA. The cells in the station were very small, cold and damp; some did not even have light but the immigrants had nowhere else to go. Their miserable stay seemed to be punishment rather than justice and freedom to them. They wrote poems on the walls about their loneliness and mourned their former life in China. In 1940 the civil authorities reformed the system so that many more Chinese people were able to grasp the opportunity of settling in the USA. Made me very thoughtful and thankful for my life today.。
M5 Reading
e the following information to summarize Li Ning's life in sports. gymnast life
in
businessman
sportswear
sport
school for gymansts
2.Discuss what life do you want to have with your partners and write it down.
Para2 Li Ning launched a new brand of sportswear after his retired.
Para3 Several elements guaranteed Li Ning’s success.
Para4 Li Ning products are very successful now
It was this sense of failure that made him determined to succeed in his new life. (2)Translate the sentence into Chinese. But even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed. 但即使是已经赢得了自己在运动项目上所能赢得的一切, 李宁还是带着一种失败感退了役.
共同利益
核心利益 金融危机
____A.Several elements guaranteed Li 3 Ning’s success.
初二英语m5作文下册
The Magic of Reading in My Junior HighSchool DaysIn the vibrant world of junior high school, the fifth module of English textbooks held a special place in my heart. It was not just a collection of lessons and exercises, but a gateway to a wider universe of knowledge and imagination. As I delved deeper into the pages, I discovered the magic of reading and its transformative power in my life.The module introduced me to a diverse range of topics and stories that captivated my imagination. From exciting adventures in far-off lands to poignant tales of everyday life, each story was a window to a different world. I found myself transported to these worlds, experiencing the joys and sorrows of the characters as if they were my own.The beauty of the language in these stories was another source of fascination for me. The intricate use of vocabulary, the flow of sentences, and the overallstructure of the narratives all contributed to the charm of reading. I found myself marveling at the power of words to evoke emotions and create vivid images in my mind.Moreover, reading expanded my horizons and broadened my understanding of the world. Through the stories, I encountered different cultures, traditions, and perspectives that challenged my own beliefs and understandings. This experience not only enriched my knowledge but also helped me develop a more tolerant and understanding attitude towards others.The most significant impact of reading, however, was on my personal growth. As I read, I learned valuable lessons about life, love, friendship, and perseverance. The stories inspired me to be brave, to face challenges, and to pursue my dreams with passion and determination.Looking back, I am grateful for the opportunity to explore the magic of reading through the fifth module of my junior high school English textbook. It was a journey that transformed me not just as a reader but also as a person. The stories, the language, and the lessons learned have stayed with me and continue to influence my life in profound ways.Reading, therefore, has become a cherished hobby and a constant source of inspiration in my life. It has opened myeyes to the wonders of the world and has made me appreciate the beauty and complexity of the human experience. For this, I am forever grateful to the fifth module of my junior high school English textbook and the magic of reading it holds.**初二英语下册第五模块的魔力**在充满活力的初中生活中，英语下册的第五模块在我心中占据了特殊的位置。
在物理中reading和minusreading
在物理中reading和minusreading摘要：1.物理学中的"reading"和"minusreading"的定义与含义2."reading"和"minusreading"的物理原理与应用3."reading"和"minusreading"的实际应用案例正文：在物理学中，“reading”和“minusreading”是两个重要的概念。
这两个概念在物理学的各个领域中都有广泛的应用，如电子学、光学和机械工程等。
“reading”通常指的是一个物理量的测量值，这个值是仪器或设备读取的数值。
例如，在测量一个电阻的值时，仪器可能会显示出一个“reading”，这个值就是电阻的测量结果。
同样地，在光学中，"reading"也可以指光线通过透镜后的聚焦位置。
而“minusreading”则是指在测量过程中，由于各种原因，如仪器误差、操作失误等，导致测量值比实际值小的情况。
这种情况下，测量结果被称为“minusreading”。
例如，如果一个电阻的实际值为10 欧姆，但测量结果为9 欧姆，那么这个9 欧姆的测量结果就是一个“minusreading”。
“reading”和“minusreading”在实际应用中有很多案例。
例如，在电子学中，工程师们需要通过测量电路中的电压、电流等参数，来确定电路的工作状态。
在这个过程中，“reading”就是电压、电流等参数的测量值，“minusreading”则是由于测量误差等原因导致的测量值与实际值之间的差异。
在光学中，“reading”可以指光线通过透镜后的聚焦位置，而“minusreading”则可以指由于透镜的形状、材料等因素，导致光线聚焦位置与理论值之间的差异。
在机械工程中，“reading”可以指机械设备的读数，而“minusreading”则可以指由于设备磨损、操作失误等因素，导致读数与实际值之间的差异。
Reading_between_the_lines__字里行间的阅读
!"#$%&'()"*+""&(*,"(-%&". 字里行间的阅读
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八年级英语上册·第五单元·阅读理解练习
If you do not use your arm or your legs for some time, they bee weak; when you start using them again, they slowly bee strong again. Everybody knows that. Yet many people do not seem to know that memory(记忆力) works in the same way. When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance(机会) to bee strong. If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his own fault(过错). But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents are to blame(受责备), and few of us know that it is just his own fault. Have you ever found that some people can't read or write but usually they have better memories? This is because they cannot read or write and they have to remember things; they cannot write down in a little notebook. They have to remember days, names, songs and stories; so their memory is the whole time being exercised. So if you want to have a good memory, learn from the people：Practice remembering.1．The main reason(主要原因)for one is poor memory is that______. [ ]A．his father or mother may have a poor memory.B．He does not use his name or legs for some time.C．his memory is not often usedD．he can't read or write2．If you do not use your arms or legs for some time______. [ ]A．you can't use them any moreB．they will bee strongerC．they bee weak and won't bee strong until you use them again.3．Which of the following is NOT true? [ ]A．Your memory works in the same way as your arms or legs.B．Your memory, like your arms or legs, bee weak if you don't give it enough chance for practice.C．Don't learn how to read and write if you want to have a better memory.D．A good memory es from more practice.4．Some people can't read or write, but they usually have better memories, because ______. [ ]A．they have save much troubleB．they have saved much time to remember thingsC．they have to use their memories all the timeD．they can't write everything in a little notebook5．Give a best title(标题)for this passage. [ ]A．Don't Stop Using Your Arms Or LegsB．How To Have a Good MemoryC．Strong Arms And Good MemoriesD．Learn from the PeopleCCCCB。
新人教版英语选修八第五单元Reading的课文译文
新人教版英语选修八第五单元Reading的课文译文周口店洞穴参观记一群英国学生（学）来到周口店洞穴参观，有一位考古学家（考）正领着他们参观。
考：欢迎到中国来参观周口店洞穴。
很高兴见到你们这些从英国来的、对考古学感兴趣的学生。
你们想必都很清楚，正是在这个地方，我们找到了居住在这世界上这个部分最早人类的证据。
我们在这儿进行的挖掘工作已经很多年了，而且......学1：对不起，打断了你的讲话。
请问他们怎么能够住在这个地方呢这儿只有石头和树木啊。
考：在高山上的那些洞穴里我们找到了人骨和兽骨，还有工具和饰物。
因此，我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。
学2：那么他们是怎样取暖的呢想必是很不舒服的了。
考：我们发现在洞穴中央有生火用的地炉。
他们用地炉里的火来取暖、做饭，还可以用火来吓跑野兽。
我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰，几乎有六米厚，这意味着他们可能整个冬天都在烧火。
我们还没有找到门，但我们认为他们可能是用兽皮挂在洞口来防寒的。
学3：在那以前有些什么野兽呢考：嗯，我们在洞里发现老虎和熊的骨头。
我们认为，这些野兽对他们来讲是最危险的敌人了。
那么你们认为这个东西能告诉我们有关早期人类生活的什么情况呢（拿出一张照片，上面是一根针）学2：那是一根针。
天哪，难道他们还会修补东西吗考：除此之外，你认为还可能派别的什么用场吗学4：让我看看。
这个东西最多三厘米长，看起来像是用骨头做的。
我不知道他们是怎样做成穿线用的针眼的。
考2：（插话）你是不是说他们自己做衣服穿他们又是从哪里搞到衣料的呢考：他们没有像我们今天穿的这种衣料。
你能猜出他们用的是什么吗学1：哇，他们穿的衣服全都是用兽皮做的吗他们又是用什么办法来制做的呢兽皮剪裁并缝起来又厚又重啊。
考：我们有证据表明，他们的确穿的是用兽皮制的衣服。
我们不断发现他们用来裁剪和清洗兽皮用的工具。
看样子他们可能是用磨尖的石器来切割野兽并剥皮，再用小一些的刮子把皮上的脂肪和肉去掉。
然后他们可能在兽皮里边擦上大量的盐，使皮变柔软。
典范英语阅读8年级第五册 A BIG CHANCE译文
11. Hilda大步走到射门区。她把那人举过头顶，放到球门横梁上。
“放我下来，”那人大喊道。
Hilda大步走回茶水亭。
“你看什么看！”她对一个球迷说。
“没看啥。”
“地上的茶杯是你的吗？”
“额……”
“放到垃圾桶里。”
12. Hilda爬回车里。
“好，“Hilda说，“谁还抱怨？”
原来是车门的洞里站着Hilda，她穿着绿裙子，一个围裙，毛衣上写着“小镇足球俱乐部“。
“Hilda“，Ray倒吸一口冷气。
10. Hilda走下宿营车，卷起袖管。她大步走向那个人。
“你知道我怎么对付总是细化抱怨的大米妮吗？“
“我不知道，”那个人结结巴巴说。
“我这么做，”Hilda说。
她抓起那个人，把他扛在肩上，大步走向球场。
“大家踢得好，“Ray笑着说。当他和队员们说话时，注意到有些不对劲儿。
每个人都在开心地喝茶。
下半场进行地很拖沓，似乎没人能得分。
Hilda看了一下表。时间快到了。她转身对身后的球迷说
“如果是平局怎么办？“她问。
“必须再踢半小时加时赛，”有人喊道。
25.“还得在寒风中在站半小时？”Hilda说，“去它的吧。”
“还有呢？”
“我会把你塞回茶桶，因为你不让我去比赛。”
“先生们，”Ray说，“请允许我介绍Hilda，我们的新守门员。”
正式守门员
21.在人群的欢呼声中，两支球队跑到球场上。Hilda大步走到城市队一端的球门。人群中有人喊，“那不是正式的守门员，她是茶水女工！”
Hilda慢慢转过身。
“谁说的？”她咆哮道。
“嗯？”
“因为茶不好喝。”
“一个破茶杯有什么大惊小怪的？”
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C. defendD. protect
9.The father as well as the mother and their children _______ to make up a trip to Beijing.
A. wishB.wishes
C. are wishing
5._____ great efforts we failed to carry our plans through.
A. In spite B. Because of C. But forD. Inspite of
6. ______the beginning of the year they were like strangers. But now they are good friends.
二次备课：
4.人们对每天要花费美国1000万美元的太空旅行计划不再那么热衷了。
People were no longer so __enthusiastic about_ _a space travel programme that was costing the United states $10 million a day.
2.数以百万计的人们从电视上观看了首次登月，他们的心提到了嗓子眼，因为他们十分清楚这次是多么危险多么艰难，以及要冒多么大的风险。
Millions of people watched that first moon landing on television, their hearts in their mouths,_aware__ __of_how difficult and dangerous an adventure it was,and what__risks_ had to be __taken___.
Keys:1) C 2) C 3) B 4) C
Intensive reading
Complete the article with one word in each blank
21st July, 1969 was aday for space travel: astronaut Neil Armstrong walked on the surface of the Moon and spoke to millions of TV viewer on thehe had left behind. His famous words: “One more step for man, one giant leap for.” stillus of the excitement of that day. Planning for the extraordinarytook a long time and cost a lot of money: about twoto plan it andof dollars to pay for the research. After the success of theto the Moon, many people were very enthusiasticabout space travel; they quickly became______to the idea and theythat there were no more problems to overcome.
3) What did the Challenger disaster teach the world?
A. We’d better not be an astronaut
B. Space flight was still dangerous.
C. Space flight will be dangerous for ever.
D. have wished
st year the actress did all ____ help the poor children . A. she could do
B. she could to
C. what she could to
D. that she could
课后作业：黄皮书P53练习题
3.全世界都震惊了----也许他们原本都认为，这次太空旅行跟乘在飞机一样没什么危险。
The world was _in shock_ ___-----maybe they assumed this space flight would be _no more________dangerous __than_getting on an aeroplane.
【课中合作探究部分】
While-reading
Scanning:Answer the reading comprehension questions according to the text
1) How did people feel when they watched the first moon landing?
A. OnB.At C. With D. By
7. -When will you go abroad? Next week?
-__________.
A.That depends B. That depends on
C.That will depend D. That will mes worn to ______ the eyes from strong sunlight.
A. excited B. nervous C. excited but nervous
2) What was different about the space shuttle?
A. It was smaller B. It was better C. It could be used several times
当堂检测：
1.自从尼尔在1969年7月21日首次踏上月球以来，人们对太空旅行这一概念已经非常熟悉。
Ever since Neil first_set___ ___foot___ __on__the Moon back on 21st July, 1969, people have _become_ __accustomed_ _to_the idea of space travel.
Module 5 ReadingSpace :the Final Frontier P58
▇Goals
●To learn about some important space exploration
●To learn to read with strategies
●To master important words and expressions and use freely
4) Why does the writer call the passage Space: the Final Frontier?
A. Because there are no places on Earth
B. Because he is interested in space travel
C. Because there are no new places left for humans to discover and we haven’t explored space
7.对...热情____be enthusiastic about8.收听__tune in__
9.处于...状态_in a state of__ 10.值得__be worth sth___
11.尽管__in spite of__12.在...一开始的时候_at the beginning of_
▇高考考点：
●掌握一些阅读技巧
●词汇及短语
【课前自主学习部分】
the useful expressions:
1.踏上__set foot on2.习惯于_be accustomed to_
3.意识到_be aware of_ 4.冒险_take a risk___
5.实现梦想_achieve one’s dream_ 6.起飞，发射__take off