新标准大学英语综合教程4 Active Reading2 课文翻译
新标准大学英语第四册unitactivereing课文及译文
For some time after this; they sat on my blood.他一见血就会晕倒..
置的楼上是卧室.. 我觉得我比我的邻居 I'm the lucky one because each morning;
更幸运;因为每天早上;我这边的石头会享 the stone gleams in the sunlight.
受到阳光的照耀..
园丁精心地照料庄园周围的果园和花园; The groundsman tended the orchards and
the dark golden colors of late autumn. It
felt good to look after the happy couple.
没过多久;又有孩子要照看了..头一个孩 Soon there were children to look after 咯咯笑
子是女孩;她常常高兴得咯咯笑;睡得也很 too; first a girl; who gurgled happily 嗓门大哭
塔林立的城市;平日里静悄悄的;只有在特 everything nestled in their arms. In the 顶
定的日子里;才会响起钟声.. 在那些特定 distance is a city of spires; silent
日子里;园丁和他的家人会穿上漂亮的衣 except on days when the bells sound. On
来 到 门 口 ; 递 给 园 丁 和 他 的 妻 子 一 封 电 day; I saw the postman arrive with a Lose consciousness for a short time
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-6)课后答案及课文翻译
see3 Rewrite the sentences using see .1 In 1987 there was a major stock market crash.1987 saw a major stock market crash.2 The early 1980s was a period of steady economic growth.The early 1980s saw a period of steady economic growth.3 Long hair made a brief return in the 1990s.The 1990s saw a brief return to long hair.4 On the first day of the sales there were hundreds of people queuing in the streets.The first day of the sales saw hundreds of people queuing in the streets.5 There was great techno logical change during our grandparents‘ generation.Our grandparents‘ generation saw a great technological change.turn out to be4 Rewrite the sentences using turn out to be .1 I thought the ring was made of gold, but in the end it proved to be silver.I thought the ring was made of gold, but it turned out to be silver.2 She looked like my cousin, but she was actually a complete stranger.She looked like my cousin, but she turned out to be a complete stranger.3 The house needed a lot of work doing on it, but it proved to be a good investment.The house needed a lot of work doing on it, but it turned out to be a good investment.4 I saw smoke rising from the building, but it was a false alarm.I saw smoke rising from the building, but it turned out to be a false alarm.5 I didn‘t want to move to England, but in the end it proved to be a wise decision.I didn‘t want to move to England, but it turned out to be a wise decision.collocations5 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1hint A hint can be something you say to show your feelings without saying directly what they are, a small amount of something, or a piece of advice.(a) If someone has a hint of a smile on their face, what do you see?You see just a small sign of a smile but not a proper smile.(b) What helpful hints would you give someone starting their own business?I‘d suggest that they need to have a clear focus on what the business is about and exactly how it will work, eg the person should identify a niche in the market that the new business can fill.(c) If you drop a hint about what you would like for your birthday, do you ask for it directly?No, of course not! You just find a way to join in with a normal conversation and say something about what you would like.2range This word can mean a number of things of the same general type, the distance or limits of something, or to move freely.(a) What can you find in a shop which stocks a wide range of products?You can find products of all kinds, a good variety of them.(b) What would be the best thing to do if you were within range of someone with a gun?Run quickly away out of range if there is time; if not, take shelter.(c) Which is the biggest mountain range in China?Well, the Himalayas are the highest, but the Tian Shan or Kunlun mountain ranges are longer.(d) What have hens which lay free-range eggs been able to do?They have been able to run and walk around freely, compared to hens which are kept in small cagesor containers.3 reflect This word can mean to be a sign of a situation, or to think carefully about something.(a) Whose image is reflected if you look in a mirror?Your own image is reflected back to you when you look in a mirror.(b) Do you believe that the state of the economy can be reflected in the height of hemlines?I wouldn‘t have believed it before I read the passage, but I believe it now!(c) Do you ever reflect on the mistakes you make in English?Yes, I do try to reflect on them because I know such reflection is a good way to improve my English.4 rise This word can mean an increase in number, amount or value, or the achievement of success or power.(a) Why was there a sharp rise in unemployment in the West in the 1930s?The sharp rise in unemployment was due to the stock market crash and the financial crisis.(b) What do you know about the rise and fall of the Roman Empire?I know that over several hundred years the Roman Empire expanded, but after a time it then declined over a long period. There‘s a famous book called The Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire. (c) Do you live in a high-rise block of flats?I know that a lot of people in cities in China do live in large apartment blocks which have many floors, maybe 15 or 20 or more, but I live in a flat in a much smaller house of just three floors.(d) What are the different factors which give rise to new fashions?Fashion designers produce innovations and new styles. There are changes in the economic situation so that people may spend more or less on clothes; also new materials and colours become available,and people get different ideas about what to wear when they travel to other places or watch filmsand TV.6 Translate the paragraph into Chinese.Sometimes the hemline indicator, as it‘s called, can even precede and predict a change in the mood of the stock market long before it actually happens. In September 2007, at the New York fashion shows, which were displaying their styles for spring 2008, the trend was for much longer dresses and skirts, many to mid-calf or even down to the ankles. Some people felt this showed that the hemline indicator was no longer reliable, and that designers no longer dictated what people would wear. During the London and New York fashion shows in September 2008, hemlines continued to drop. But sure enough, in the fall of 2008, the stock market indexes fell dramatically when the banking crisis hit the US, Europe and then the rest of the world. Hemlines were no longer following the stock market – they were showing the way and indicating future economic trends.有时候，所谓的裙摆指标甚至能事先早早就预告股市的变化。
新标准大学英语综合教程4全课文翻译7-12单元
Unit 7Active reading (1)美好的回忆虽然这个房子已经换了许多户人家了，但直到现在我还记得那些筑墙、盖屋顶的工人。
当时马路对过那座庄园大宅的主人需要建一个小屋给他的园丁住。
他在这片连绵不断的巨大的丘陵果园中找到了一片空地，他派工人到本地的采石场运来金黄色的石头，工人花了三个月时间在园子里建起了这两座农家小屋。
我只从侧面看到过我的旁边的那座房子，我从来没有见过它的正面。
但是我知道，尽管我们在结构和外观上是一摸一样的，我们的朝向正好相反，这真是不可思议。
我的前门朝东，隔壁房子的前门是朝西的。
我的卧室在房子的后部，在隔壁那所房子里，这个位置正好是厨房的上面。
我的厨房在房子的前部，在隔壁的那个房子里，这个位置是在卧室的下方。
我觉得我比它幸运，因为每天早上，我这边的石头会在阳光的照耀下熠熠发光。
园丁精心地照料庄园周围的果园和花园，所以到了秋天，树上总是果实累累，结满了苹果和梨。
当白天越来越短的时候，这四周的土地上是一片忙碌的景象，帮工们采摘水果，把摘下的水果送到庄园去或是沿着那条路运到镇上的市场去卖。
除了秋天，其他时候这里非常安静。
园丁的生活好像很孤独，后来有一天，他带了一个年轻女子回家。
我这个房子里顿时充满了欢声笑语和饭菜的香味。
园丁外出干活的时候，他的妻子会照看我周围的花园，种玫瑰、水仙和郁金香，还有夏季植物和菊花。
从早春的鲜花到深秋的深深的金黄色叶子，花园里真是五彩缤纷。
能照看这样一对夫妇，我感觉很幸福。
没过多久，又有孩子要照看了。
头一个孩子是女孩，她常常高兴得咯咯笑，睡得也很沉。
后来又添了一个男孩，他哭起来嗓门很大，让我们大家都不得安宁。
但是他们都很快乐，也很听话。
他们会静静地在屋里或花园里一起玩耍。
渐渐地，他们长大了，也长高了。
最让我感到愉快的一个记忆是：在一个温暖的夏日，我看到男孩高高地坐在苹果树的枝干上，读着他最喜爱的那本书。
我的窗户是我的眼睛，它们对着绿树和田野。
窗外的风景被低矮的丘陵围绕着，仿佛一切都栖息在它温暖的怀抱里。
新标准大学英语综合教程2 Unit 4课文翻译
Unit 4Active reading (1)上头条世界各地的媒体都以头条报道同一新闻的情形并不很常见。
这样的事件得具有巨大的国际影响力。
但是这正是2001 年9 月恐怖分子袭击纽约世贸中心双塔之后发生的情形。
从那一刻起世界改变了模样，这样说也许并不夸张。
但是，使9/11 值得纪念并（用媒体喜欢的话来说）具有新闻价值的不仅仅是它的历史性和国际性。
还有震惊和恐惧。
这一消息极度震撼，极具爆炸性。
事发多年以后，许多人还能清楚地记得他们第一次听到这一消息时身在何处和当时正在做什么。
他们能记得自己的反应：对全世界许多人来说，他们的第一本能是去把这一消息告诉别的人。
这就证实了那句老话：“坏事传千里”。
一切重大新闻都是如此。
我记得上小学的时候，老师脸色煞白地向一班吃惊的七岁孩子通报说，肯尼迪总统死了。
我并不知道肯尼迪总统是谁，但是我听到这一消息后非常不安，后来就跑回家去告诉了父母（当然，他们已经知道了）。
事实上，这是我最早的记忆之一。
那么，新闻到底是什么？一个事件光有客观重要性显然还不够——世界上有大量全球性的大问题，都会造成戏剧性的后果，从贫困问题到全球变暖问题——但由于它们都是进行中的，并不都集中在同一天上头条。
对比之下，9/11 不仅具有国际性，而且奇特怪异、出人意料，还（可能使读者对身陷那场悲剧中的人们的困境感同身受，从这个意义上讲）极具人性。
奇特怪异并不意味着重大。
就拿今天的《中国日报》上关于一只老鼠延误了一架从越南飞至日本的航班这条消息为例吧。
在河内机场有人发现那只老鼠在一架飞机的过道里奔跑。
它最终被12 名技术人员合力逮住，他们怕它会咬破电线，造成短路。
飞机晚点了四个多小时才起飞。
你也许会说，这并不是具有重大国际影响的事件（除了少数乘客到另一国赴约迟到以外）。
但是全球却颇有反响，从亚洲经苏格兰到美洲的电子版报纸都有转载（《爱丁堡晚报》的标题是“捉老鼠延误航班”）。
另一个新闻价值的元素是即时性。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后翻译U1--U8
第四册Unit 1If you ask me, real life is not all it's cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It's just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that's before I've had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I'm interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won't even last till the end of the year, let alone till I'm 60.依我看，现实生活与人们想象的不一样。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课文翻译
危险!书可能会改变你的人生1 刘易斯•卡罗尔书中的爱丽丝不小心掉进了兔子洞里，但她在那里发现了一个神奇的仙境。
当我们打开一本书时，我们也会像爱丽丝那样走进一个全新的世界。
我们能从一个年长者的角度，或通过一个孩子的眼睛来观察生活；我们可以周游世界，遍访现实生活中从没想过要访问的国家和文化；我们可以体验未曾经历过的事情，这些事情也许令人困惑，也许引人入胜；可能是不愉快的，也可能是令人痛苦的，但无论如何都至少能把我们从现实世界中解放出来。
2 英国诗人威廉•柯珀（1731—1800）说：“变化是生活的调味品，它让生活变得有滋有味。
”虽然他没有说在什么地方以及怎样才能找到变化，但我们知道他说得对。
我们知道我们生活在一个充满变化与差异的世界里，我们知道人们的生活各不相同，过日子的方式也不尽相同，人们做不同的工作，有不同的信仰，持不同的观点，有不同的风俗习惯，操不同的语言。
通常，我们不知道这些差异的大小，但一旦发生了不平常的事情并引起了我们的注意，这种变化或差异与其说是机会，毋宁说是威胁。
3 读书让我们能够安全地享受和庆贺这种变化与差异，并为我们提供成长的机会。
在家里安详平和的环境中与他人的生活互动，这是阅读小说才享有的特权。
我们甚至感觉到——哪怕只是在一瞬间——我们和其他文化读者的共同点或许要多于我们和家门口随便碰到的一个人的共同点。
我们学会把目光移出我们周围的环境，投向天边，去领略一下异域风光。
4 如果我们怀疑读书是否能给我们力量的话，我们就应该自己去一趟当地的图书馆或书店，或者，如果我们足够幸运的话，可以读一读家里书架上的书。
我们会惊奇于古今小说的标题所创造出来的壮观景象：约翰•斯坦贝克的《愤怒的葡萄》、约翰•欧文的《第四只手》、亚历山大•索尔仁尼琴的《癌病房》、欧内斯特•海明威的《丧钟为谁而鸣》、格雷厄姆•格林的《哈瓦那特派员》、奥黛丽•尼芬格的《时间旅行者的妻子》、保罗•托迪的《到也门钓鲑鱼》。
一旦开始阅读，我们就应该思考一下我们在书中读到的别样人生。
新标准大学英语综合教程4答案(含Unit text)
Active reading 21Your answer Correct answer1. code code2. executive executive3. spouse spouse4. prosperous prosperous5. asset asset6. mutual mutual7. compatible compatible8. intimate intimate9. specialize specialize10. savings savings21. Ken Hu is now a(n) in a company which in giving advice to private investors.Your answer Correct answer(1) executive executive(2) specializes specializes2. Although the programme was with my computer, the instructions were written in, so I wasunable to understand anything.Your answer Correct answer(1) compatible compatible(2) code code3. It is obviously a(n) to a marriage if each has a sensible attitude towards money.Your answer Correct answer(1) asset asset(2) spouse spouse4. Let's try to create a more future by planning ahead and agreeing on goals.Your answer Correct answer(1) prosperous prosperous(2) mutual mutual5. We are friends, but I don't know how many they have in the bank.Your answer Correct answer(1) intimate intimate(2) savings savings3 aaaba baa4baaba abblanguage use11. to take people somewhere by busYour answer Correct answerbus bus2. to write a text message to someoneYour answer Correct answertext text3. to go to parties and have fun eating, drinking, dancing etcYour answer Correct answerparty party4. to convert a cheque into cashYour answer Correct answercash cash5. to pass something into someone's handshand hand6. to give someone something as a giftYour answer Correct answergift gift7. to put money into the bankYour answer Correct answerbank bank21. I'm afraid I can't this for you, it hasn't been signed.Your answer Correct answercash cash2. Did you expect them to you the computer instead of getting you to pay for it?Your answer Correct answergift gift3. After the match they us all home.Your answer Correct answerbussed bussed4. I will you as soon as I get to the station.Your answer Correct answertext text5. She me a copy of the report before the start of the meeting.Your answer Correct answerhanded handed6. I advise you to all that money lying on your desk.Your answer Correct answerbank bank7. I'm exhausted. I've spent the whole of this week and having a good time.partying partying3Rewrite the sentences using prone / liable / subject + to.1. The train is often delayed on Sunday evenings.Suggested answer:The train is liable to delay on Sunday evenings. / The train is subject to delays on Sunday evenings.2. Zak is a child who often has accidents.Suggested answer:Zak is a child who is prone to accidents. / Zak is a child who is liable to have accidents.3. She frequently gets headaches.Suggested answer:She is prone to headaches.4. The loan requires a check on your financial situation.Suggested answer:The loan is subject to a check on your financial situation.5. Joe is a person who often arrives late.Suggested answer:Joe is liable to arrive late.6. She may well break the rules in order to get what she wants.Suggested answer:She is liable to break the rules in order to get what she wants.4We may get to a situation where rising taxes make it hard to be profitable.This is the point where I disagree.My internship was an interesting experience where I learnt how to deal with customers. This is the point in the year where they usually give everyone a bonus.Many people are now in a situation where they cannot pay their debts.I work in an office where everyone feels at home.51. We were pushed out of the market by the.Your answer Correct answer(1) tough tough(2) competition. competition2. All he really wants is a to provide him with a regular income.Your answer Correct answer(1) steady steady(2) job job3. You made a when you left that company.Your answer Correct answer(1) smart smart(2) decision decision / move4. He's been having a rather lately, since he lost his job.Your answer Correct answer(1) tough tough(2) time time5. We use throughout the building. Everything is controlled by a central computer.Your answer Correct answer(1) smart smart(2) technology technology6. You've made a really to our organization, and we will miss you.Your answer Correct answer(1) valuable valuable(2) contribution contribution7. She gave me the most about investments that I have ever had.Your answer Correct answer(1) valuable valuable(2) advice advice8. There is a dress code in most banks, and you will be expected to wear.Your answer Correct answer(1) smart smart(2) clothes clothes9. Theirs is a very. I expect they'll get married quite soon.Your answer Correct answer(1) steady steady(2) relationship relationship6Suggested answer:如今，尽管我们大多数人是因相爱而结婚，婚姻从根本上讲仍然是金钱上的结合。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课文翻译
Unit 1Active reading (1)大学毕业找工作的第一要义：别躺在沙发上做梦今年夏天，超过65 万的大学生毕业离校，其中有许多人根本不知道怎么找工作。
在当今金融危机的背景下，做父母的该如何激励他们？七月，你看着21 岁英俊的儿子穿上学士袍，戴上四方帽，骄傲地握着优等学士学位证书，拍毕业照。
这时，记忆中每年支付几千英镑，好让儿子吃好、能参加奇特聚会的印象开始消退。
总算熬到头了。
等到暑假快要结束，全国各地的学生正在为新学期做准备的时候，你发现大学毕业的儿子还歪躺在沙发上看电视。
他只是偶尔走开去发短信，浏览社交网站Facebook，去酒吧喝酒。
这位前“千禧一代”的后裔一夜之间变成了哼哼一代的成员。
他能找到工作吗？这就是成千上万家庭所面临的景象：今年夏天，超过65 万大学生毕业，在当今金融危机的背景下他们中的大多数人不知道自己下一步该做什么。
父母只会唠叨，而儿女们则毫无缘由地变成了叛逆者，他们知道自己该找份工作，但却不知道如何去找。
来自米德尔塞克斯郡的杰克·古德温今年夏天从诺丁汉大学政治学系毕业，获得二级一等荣誉学士学位。
他走进大学就业服务中心，又径直走了出来，因为他看见很多人在那里排长队。
跟他一起住的另外5 个男孩也都跟他一样，进去又出来了。
找工作的压力不大，虽然他所认识的大多数女生都有更清晰的计划。
他说：“我申请政治学研究工作，但被拒了。
他们给的年薪是1 万8 千镑，交完房租后所剩无几，也就够买一罐煮豆子，可他们还要有研究经历或硕士学位的人。
然后我又申请了公务员速升计划，并通过了笔试。
但在面试时，他们说我‘太冷漠’了，谈吐‘太像专家治国国论者’。
我觉得自己不可能那样，但我显然就是那样的。
”打那以后他整个夏天都在“躲”。
他能够轻松复述《交通警察》中的若干片段，他白天看电视的时间太多，已经到了影响健康的地步。
跟朋友谈自己漫无目标的日子时，他才发现他们的处境和自己的并没有两样。
其中一位朋友在父母的逼迫下去超市摆货，其余的都是白天9 点到5 点“无所事事”，晚上去酒吧喝酒打发时间。
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-6)课后答案及课文翻译
Key to book4 unit1-6Unit 1Active reading (2)8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well).Language in usetry as … might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just d oesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I t hink we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
新标准大学英语综合教程4（unit1-7）课后答案与课文翻译
Key to book4 unit1-7Unit 1 Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adultIt isn’t easy to make the (1)(2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how theircareer is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this,when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As thedays pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tendto regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home afterthree or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases,become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need tomake other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)(advocate)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours.(healed)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely.6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?, or (b) help you by4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want tolistening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)(sympathize)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.fortunately IB I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2)didn’t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7)to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions., is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to bedisappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition,or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informalexpression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) … This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general,vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, Icould use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything … This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well).Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that … 4 Rewrite the sentences using given that … 1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than sh is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best studentresearch project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to competewith the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life asstudents, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys,god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wantsrepayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile billskeep coming in, a nd all that‘s before I‘ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me outof the blue, asking if I‘m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won‘t even last till the （?翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表the year, let alone till I‘m 60.达出来的意思。
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-7)课后答案及课文翻译
Key to book4 unit1-7Unit 1 Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general,vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well). Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees. (c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, a nd all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
新标准大学英语第二版综合教程4课后翻译
Unit 1英译汉Google has spent years analyzing who succeeds at the company. They have moved away from a focus on GPAs, brand-name schools, and interview brain teasers (智力测验题). Google's Senior Vice President of People Operations, Laszlo Bock, suggests that credentials are no longer sufficient for success. Bock points out that graduates of top schools can lack intellectual humility and that succeeding in academia isn't always a sign of being able to do a job. Successful bright young graduates rarely experience failure, and they find that their academic careers have not prepared them to fail gracefully in the real world. Google recognizes the importance of intellectual humility in its applicants. The company looks for the ability to step back and embrace other people's ideas when those ideas are better. Bock says the No. 1 thing he is looking for is general cognitive ability. It is learning ability. It is the ability to process information on the fly.谷歌公司就什么人能在该公司取得成功这个问题做了多年的研究，研究关注的焦点不再是绩点、名牌大学、面试智力测验题。
新标准大学英语综合教程2_unit4_active_reading_2_[1]
![新标准大学英语综合教程2_unit4_active_reading_2_[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/40f00cb8f121dd36a32d82d9.png)
Active reading 2:
Text organisation
Negative response Facts or figures Positive response Argument 1 the great tradition (Para 7) Argument 2
Decline trend (Para 3)
Active reading 2:
Jigsaw reading
Internet: turn to internet for use. (para2) instant monitoring for ads (para3)
Newspaper: cover price rising (para2, 3) readers with no interest in reading newspaper (para2,5)
More
Newspaper:
Pollution(para6)
Active reading 2:
Jigsaw reading
The future of Newspaper: new revenue stream lifestyle journalism (Para 8) locality (Para 8,9)
Teaching plan for period 1 (80 mins)
Tasks Time Objectives
Survey
Debate
5
15
Warmer
Predicting
Reading
20
Main idea
Text organization (group work) 20
Know the text organization
新标准大学英语综合教程4课文翻译
新标准大学英语综合教程4课文翻译Unit 1 Friendship。
Part I。
Text A。
Friendship。
Friendship is an important part of life. Everyone needs friends. No one can live without friends. If we have friends, we are happy. If we have no friends, we feel lonely. Friendship is a kind of love. It is a feeling between people who care about each other. Friendship is a wonderful thing. It makes our lives interesting and happy.Some people have many friends. Others have only a few friends. Some people have friends at work. Others have friends at school. Some people make friends easily. Others find it hard to make friends. Some people have friends from childhood. Others make friends when they are adults.How do we make friends? Making friends is not difficult. We can make friends by being friendly to others. We can make friends by helping others. We can make friends by talking to others. We can make friends by sharing our things with others. We can make friends by spending time with others. We can make friends by being ourselves.Friendship is like a plant. It needs to be watered and cared for. We need to spend time with our friends. We need to listen to our friends. We need to help our friends. We need to be kind to our friends. We need to trust our friends. We need to forgive our friends.We all have friends. Some friends are close to us. Others are not so close. Some friends are old. Others are new. Some friends are easy to get along with. Others are not so easy. Some friends are always there for us. Others are not always there for us.We need to be a good friend. We need to be a good listener. We need to be a good helper. We need to be a good sharer. We need to be a good companion. We need to be a good forgiver.Friendship is important. It is important to have friends. It is important to be a good friend. Let's cherish our friends. Let's be good friends.Part II。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案及课文翻译
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案及课文翻译1.阅读理解Social NetworkingSocial networking has grown rapidly over the past few years, and many people now have accounts on such sites as MySpace and Facebook. Sites like these allow people to connect with friends, share photos, videos, and other information, and play online games.Despite its popularity, however, social networking also has its drawbacks. Many people now use these sites to post messages containing sensitive personal information, such as their address and phone number. This information can easily be seen by anyone, potentially allowing identity thieves to gain access to your personal information. It is also important to be aware of the fact that your profile may be seen by potential employers, and therefore it is best to be careful about what information you include in your profile.In addition, it is important to remember that social networking sites are constantly changing. This means that you need to stay on top of the latest features and trends. It is also import ant to be respectful of other people’s views and opinions, and to abide by the terms of use of the site.Finally, it is important to remember that social networking sites are only one of many ways to connect with people. It is possible to meet and talk to interesting people in the real world as well.1. What are some of the advantages of social networking?A. It allows people to protect their personal information.B. It makes it easy to find new friends.C. It allows people to share photos and videos.D. It allows people to stay up-to-date on the latest trends.答案：C、D2. What is one of the potential risks of using social networking sites?A. Potential employers may view your profile.B. It encourages people to be disrespectful of others.C. Identity thieves may gain access to your personal information.D. You may post messages containing sensitive information.。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课文翻译1-10单元
Unit 5Active reading (1)英国人说闲话规则的性别差异与普遍的看法相反，研究人员发现：男人和女人一样爱说闲话。
英国的一项研究发现：两个性别的人对诸如人际关系这类的社会话题所花的时间一样多，大约是65%；另一项研究则表明：两性差异很小，男人谈话时有55% 的时间在说闲话，女人说闲话的时间是67%。
由于体育和休闲大约占10% 的说话时间，所以很可能是谈论足球的时间导致了这种性别的差异。
男人谈论政治、职业、艺术及文化事务等“重要”或“高雅”话题的可能性并不比女人高，除非女人在场（这就形成了强烈的对比）。
女人不在场的时候，男人也说闲话，他们谈论职业和政治等社会问题的时间不会超过5%。
男女都在场时，为了引起女人的注意，男人谈论“高雅”话题的时间会大大增加，达到15% 至20%。
事实上，最近的研究表明，男性和女性说闲话在内容上只存在一个重要的差别：男人会花更多的时间谈论自己。
在谈论社会关系的总时间中，男人用了三分之二的时间来谈论自己的关系，而女人谈论自己的时间则只占三分之一。
即便如此，那个关于男人讨论“解决世界上问题”而女人只是躲在厨房里闲言碎语的神话仍然大行其道，尤其是在男人堆里。
在我所调查的人群及面谈中，大多数英国男性刚开始时都声称他们不说闲话，而大多数女性都坦承自己说闲话。
在接下来的提问中，我发现两者的差别只在于语义层面而非实践层面：女性通常称为“说闲话”的活动在男性那里被定义为“信息交流”。
显然，在英国男性眼里说闲话是一件可耻的事情，这条不成文的规则已经深入人心，因此就算一个人真的在说闲话，他也会把它说成是另一回事。
更重要的是，它必须听起来像是在说别的事。
在研究中我发现男女说闲话的主要区别在于女人说闲话听起来更像闲言碎语。
这涉及到三个主要因素——音调规则、细节规则和反馈规则。
语调规则我面谈过的英国女人都认为只有某种特别的语调适合于说闲话。
说闲话的语调有时很高、语速很快，有时像在舞台上演戏一样轻轻说，但总是活灵活现的。
新标准大学英语综合教程4-unit2
Unit 2Active reading (1)Danger! Books may change your lifeCulture pointsLewis Carroll (1832–1898) is the pen-name of Charles Dodgson. He was a priest, a mathematician whotaught at Oxford University, a photographer, humorist and writer of children’s l iterature. Alice’s Adventuresin Wonderland (1865) was immediately successful, a masterpiece which revolutionized children’s literature,giving coherence and logic through wit and humour to unlikely or impossible episodes in which imaginarycreatures embody recognizable human characteristics. He is also known for Through the Looking Glass andwhat Alice found there (1871) and nonsense poems, such as The Hunting of the Snark (1876).William Cowper (1731–1800): a notable English poet, writer of hymns and letter-writer. He wrote gentle,pious, direct poems about everyday rural life and scenes of the countryside which have been seen asforerunners of the Romantic movement: Coleridge called Cowper “the best modern poet”. He translatedHomer’s Greek epics. The Odyssey and The Iliad into English. Another example of his verses which havebecome common sayings is “God moves in mysterious ways, His wonders to perform…”John Steinbeck (1902–1968): American novelist who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1962.The Grapes of Wrath (1939) is a well-known, long tragic novel about an American family of farmers who aredriven off their land in Oklahoma by soil erosion in the famous “dust bowl” era. They flee to California towhat they hope will be a better life. The book won the Pulitzer Prize and was made into a film in 1940. Otherwell-known novels include Of Mice and Men (1937), Cannery Row (1945), The Pearl (1947), East of Eden(1952) and an account of a personal rediscovery of America, Travels with Charlie (1962).John Irving (1942– ): American novelist and screenwriter who taught English at college and was a wrestlingcoach. The Fourth Hand (2001) is a comic-satirical novel about a TV journalist, Wallington, whose hand isseen by millions of viewers to be bitten off by a circus lion. A surgeon gives him a hand transplant (a thirdhand) but the wife of the dead donor wants to visit her husband’s hand and have a child by Wallington, whofeels where his original hand used to be (the fourth hand).Audrey Niffenegger (1963– ): American college professor who teaches writing to visual artists and showsstudents how to make books by hand. Her first novel, The Time Traveller’s Wife (2003) – filmed in 2009 – is ascience fiction and romance bestseller about a man who travels uncontrollably in time to his own history andvisits his wife in her childhood, youth and old age. His wife needs to cope with his absences and dangerouslife while he travels. The story is a metaphor for distance and miscommunication in failed relationships.Paul Torday (1946–): a British businessman who worked for a company that repaired ship’s engines formany years. Salmon Fishing in the Yemen (2007) was his first novel. It is a political satire and comedy abouta dull civil servant who becomes involved in a plan to populate the desert with Scottish salmon. Politiciansmanage the media to “spin” this as a plan they support in order to divert attention from problems in theMiddle East. There are themes of cynicism and belief, and East-West culture clashes.Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (1918–2008): a Russian writer who was imprisoned in Soviet labour camps in1945; after eight years, he was exiled to Kazakhstan and not freed until 1956, when he became a teacher.In 1970 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature but not receive it until 1974. He went to Germany,Switzerland and the USA, returning to Russia in 1994. His best known novels were based on his experiencesas a prisoner and include: One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich (1962), Cancer Ward (1968), The GulagArchipelago (1974–1978). His later works were about Russian history and identity.Graham Greene (1904–1991): a British novelist, short-story writer, playwright, travel writer and essayist.He wrote a number of thrillers (he called them ‘entertainments’) whichdramatize an ambiguous moraldilemma, often revealing guilt, treachery, failure and a theme of pursuit. Greene was also a film critic andall of these novels have been made into films: Brighton Rock (1938), The Power and the Glory (1940),The Heart of the Matter (1948), The Third Man (1950), The Quiet American (1955), and Our Man inHavana (1958).E. M. Forster (1879–1970): a British novelist and writer of short stories and essays. He lived at differentperiods in Italy, Egypt and India and taught at Cambridge University. His best known novels include A Roomwith a View (1908), Howard’s End (1910), A Passage to India (1924) which have all been made into films.His writing about reading and writing includes a book of lectures, Aspects of the Novel (1927).Thomas Merton (1915–1968): an American Catholic writer, who was a Trappist monk in Kentucky. Hewrote over 70 books, including many essays about Buddhism and a translation into English of the Chineseclassic, Chuang Tse. He had a great deal to say about the meeting of Eastern and Western cultures and wrotemany letters to writers, poets, scholars and thinkers. He read a lot in English, Latin, French and Spanish andsaid he always had at least three books which he was reading at any one time.William Blake (1757–1827): a British poet, artist and mystic, who read widely in English, French, Italian,Latin, Greek and Hebrew. He made many engravings to illustrate the work of such writers as Virgil, Danteand Chaucer, as well as his own poems. He stressed that imagination was more important than rationalismand the materialism of the 18th century and criticized the effects of the industrial revolution in England, buthis work was largely disregarded by his peers. He is best known for his poetry in Songs of Innocence (1787)and Songs of Experience (1794). His belief in the oneness of all created things is shown in his much-quotedverse, “To see the world in a grain of sand / And a heaven in a flower, / Hold infinity in the palm of yourhand / And eternity in an hour.”Clifton Fadiman (1904–1999): an American writer, radio and TV broadcaster and editor of anthologies. Forover 50 years he was an editor and judge for the Book-of-the-Month Club.In 1960 he wrote a popular guideto great books for American readers, The Lifetime Reading Plan, which discusses 133 authors and their majorwork: the 1997 edition includes 9 authors from China.J. K. Rowling (1965–): British writer of the seven Harry Potter fantasy books. She studied French andClassics at Exeter University, before teaching English in Portugal and training to teach French in Scotland.The main idea about a school for wizards and the orphan Harry Potter came on a delayed train journeyfrom Manchester to London in 1990. She began to write as soon as she reached London. Twelve publishersrejected the first book before Bloomsbury, a small London publisher, agreed to publish it. Later books have repeatedly broken all the sales records (as have some of the films). She is one of the richest women in the UKand a notable supporter of many charities.Language points1 Variety’s the very spice of life, / That gives it all its flavour … (Para 2)Spices are made from plants and added to food to give it its particular flavour or taste. The English proverb“Variety is the spice of life” (the proverb comes from Cowper’s poem) therefore means that variety giveslife extra value and allows you to appreciate life in particular ways.2 We learn to look beyond our immediate surroundings to the horizon and a landscape far away fromhome. (Para 3)This means that through reading we learn to look beyond our immediate experience or familiarenvironment to things beyond our immediate experience, ie to completely different things that we canimagine and experience through books.3 W hen a baseball player hits a home run he hits the ball so hard and so far he’s able to run round thefour bases of the diamond, and score points not only for himself but for the other runners alreadyon a base. (Para 9)In the American game of baseball, the field of grass is diamond-shaped and has four bases (specific pointsmarked around the diamond), round which players must run to score points. One team bats (ie teammembers take turns to hit the ball and run round the bases) and the members of the other team throw (pitch)the ball and, when it is has been hit, try to catch it or get it quicklyto one of the four bases. If a battingplayer can hit the ball hard enough, he can run round all four bases before the other team can get the balland thus score maximum points –with a home run. In the passage, a really good book is a home run.3 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 Why are we like Alice in wonderland when we read a book?(a) Because, like Alice, we often have accidents.(b) Because reading makes us feel young again.(c) Because reading opens the door to new experiences.(d) Because books lead us into a dream world.2 According to the writer, what is the advantage of reading over real life?(a) There is more variety in books than in real life.(b) We can experience variety and difference without going out of the house.(c) The people we meet in a book are more interesting than real people.(d) It’s harder to make sense of real life than a book.3 What do the seven novels listed in Paragraph4 have in common?(a) Their titles stimulate imagination.(b) They represent the best writing by British and American novelists.(c) They have become classics.(d) You can find all of them in any local library.4 At what moment in our lives do books become important?(a) As soon as we start reading.(b) When we start buying books to fill our shelves at home.(c) When we start listening to bedtime stories.(d) Only when we are ready for books.5 What claim did Merton make about the poems of William Blake?(a) They were similar to the works of the Greek writers and thinkers.(b) They helped him understand the meaning of life.(c) They created a sense of confusion.(d) They taught him a lot about modern culture.6 What is meant by a home-run book?(a) A book which is so good you are unable to put it down.(b) A book that the whole family can enjoy.(c) A children’s book that is read and appreciated by adults.(d) A book that hits hard like a home run in the game of baseball. Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make someone feel that they do not belong to your group (exclude)2 to fail to do something that you should do (neglect)3 to mention something as an example (cite)4 to be strong enough not to be harmed or destroyed by something (withstand)5 in most situations or cases (normally)6 to be about to happen in the future (await)5 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.When I lived in Britain, one of my favourite radio programmes was called “Desert Island Discs”. Theformat was always the same: Guest celebrities were asked to imagine they had been washed ashore on adesert island, and had to choose nine books – (1) excluding the Bible and Shakespeare, which they werealready provided with – to take with them to the island, to help them (2) withstand the physical and mentalisolation. I sometimes like to think which books I would take. (3) Normally, like most people, I don’thave much time for reading, and I could (4) cite dozens of books which I have never read but which Iwould like to. It’s an opportunity I have (5) awaited all my life, in fact. But what would I choose? Mostlynovels, probably, but I wouldn’t (6) neglect to include a volume or two of poetry. My first choice, I think,would be Tolstoy’s War and Peace. I’ve never read it, but I’m ready to believe that it is one of the mostmarvelous books ever written.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.1 In a good novel, the writer and reader communicate with each other. (interact)2 I have to face up to the problem sooner or later. (confront)3 I read the book in one sitting and Mary did too. (likewise)4 E. M. Forster was one of the most important and respected British novelists of the 20th century.(influential)5 Do you believe that a work of literature can actually lead to social changes? (induce)6 Robert Burns was a great poet who wrote in the language variety spoken in Scotland. (dialect)7 The Time Traveller’s Wife is the story of a man who has a strange and inexplicable genetic disorder.(mysterious)7 Answer the questions about the words.1 If you have had a disconcerting experience, do you feel a bit (a) tired, or (b) confused?2 If you have a vista of something, can you (a) see or imagine it, or (b) go and visit it?3 Would you express great wrath by (a) smiling at someone, or (b) shouting at them?4 If you feel enchanted by a book, do you (a) like it a lot, or (b) not like it at all?5 Is a writer who is supremely talented (a) very good, or (b) quite good at his job?6 If reading fosters an understanding of certain problems, does it (a) help understanding, or (b) prevent it?7 If you are desperately trying to get a job, are you (a) trying very hard to get it, or (b) caring littlewhether you get it or not?8 Is a sensation (a) a certainty, or (b) just a feeling?Reading and interpreting8 Check ( ) the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage.1 To show the reader how to read fiction.2 To suggest that fiction is more powerful than non-fiction.√ 3 To persuade the reader that reading can be a life-changing experience.4 To claim that books provide the meaning to life.5 To recommend some major novels to read.9 Work in pairs. Look at the statements from the passage and discuss the questions.1 … when we pick up a book we are about to enter a new world.Do you agree with this statement? Is this true of every book?I agree with this up to a point, but it is not true of every book because with some books you mayalready be very familiar with the world of those particular books so although you might read them, theywouldn’t take you to a new world.2 We’ll have experiences which are new, sometimes disconcerting, maybe deeply attractive, possiblyunpleasant or painful, but never less than liberating from the real world we comefrom.How can reading be a “painful” experience? In what sense does reading “liberate” us from the realworld?It is easy to imagine how reading could be a painful experience for some people: It depends on the bookand on the reader’s background and personality. For instance, I can see that a story about bullying, mightbe painful to read if you were bullied when you were a child – it would remind you of the experience ofbeing hurt.Reading can liberate us because in books we can have all sorts of wonderful and interesting experienceswhich would be impossible for us in the real world: we can travel to distant places or go anywhere intime, we can meet all sorts of people we probably wouldn’t meet anywhere else except in books.3 Reading books allows us to enjoy and celebrate this variety and difference in safety, and provides uswith an opportunity to grow.How does this idea contrast with the title of the passage? In what way can a book help us “grow”?The word “Danger” in the title contrasts with this idea that reading is a safe experience. However,this is not a contradiction because experiences that would be dangerous in real life are quite safewhen we read about them in books. The author seems to think that we grow in our minds with abetter understanding and enriched imagination when we meet a wide variety of people and differentsituations in books. This vicarious experience in reading is a safe way to grow mentally andemotionally.4 To interact with other people’s lives in the peace and quiet of our homes is a privilege which onlyreading fiction can afford us.Do you agree? Is fiction really different from other types of writing? Well, I think this is true because in fiction we do interact with the characters, both positively (withcharacters we can identify with) and negatively (with characters we do not like or admire). Butthis doesn’t mean that we don’t interact with the writer in non-fiction. Surely all of us have theexperience of feeling that we do interact with writers in newspaper ormagazine articles and insome kinds of non-fiction which may be about science, for example. I suppose it depends on thestyle of the writing and on the personality of the writer (and of characters in fiction) and on us, asreaders.5 We even understand … that we have more in common with other readers of books in other cultures thanwe might do with the first person we meet when we step out of our front doors.This suggests that people who read are different from people w ho don’t read. Do you agree?Well, I am not sure. I guess that people who read similar books, fiction or non-fiction, would share somecommon knowledge, experience and maybe feelings and they would probably talk about these whenthey know about each other’s reading habits. Of course, they wouldn’t necessarily have other things incommon, just this particular connection with a certain kind of culture through reading. Maybe people inthe street do not have to share this reading experience, so in that respect they are different, but they maybe quite similar and share many cultural experiences in other ways –after all they live in the same place,probably speak the same language. So, I think it’s all a question of what sort of common experiencesyou are talking about. The more I think about it, the less I agree!6 From the bedtime story read by a parent to their child all the way through to the sitting room lined withbooks in our adult homes, books define our lives.What do you understand by “books define our lives”?I suppose they would be those books – not many, surely? – which have made a great impact and remainso strong in our memories that do have a function of defining something in our lives. However, I thinkthe author has exaggerated here. Books are not the only things that define our lives. People, placesand special events define our lives too, so books are only one part which for some people have a greatinfluence but for others maybe very little or none at all. We have to remember that some people simplydon’t read books. Even some students only read what they have to read, nothing more than that!7 We cannot withstand the hunger to visit another world, to meet different people, to live other lives andto reflect on ourselves.Do you agree that we “live other lives” when reading? Or is this an exaggeration?I agree that we have strong imaginative experiences when we read. Maybe you can call this “livingother lives” sometimes, but for me, anyway, this simply doesn’t happen very often and when it doeshappen it is only for a short time. I think the writer is exaggerating here to make the point that readinghas importance in our imagination.8 Books may change your life.Is this a suitable title –and ending – for the passage? Why / Why not? Yes, I think it OK as a catchy title –it gets our attention, after all, and repeating it at the end makes akind of coda like the ending of a piece of music which echoes something near the beginning. Also ifyou look carefully, it does have a note of caution by using “maybe” instead of “will”, so this title isn’t adefinite promise, it’s more of an attractive idea, that your life may be changed through books, but mightnot be.Now discuss which of the above statements would have been more effective if backed up byexample(s).In fact, it seems that any of them could effectively be illustrated by examples, but if all of them wereto be backed up with examples, the whole passage would be a lot longer and maybe too heavy withexamples.If I had to choose just two statements which need supporting examples, I would say numbers three andsix because I’d say the ideas about ‘growing’ through books and books ‘defining’ our lives are too vaguewithout examples.Active reading (2)They were alive and they spoke to meBackground informationThis is from The Books in My Life by Henry Miller (1861–1980), an American novelist, writer and painter.Miller was born in New York, lived in Paris 1930–1939, and then inCalifornia. His best-known works blendfiction, autobiography, social criticism and mysticism: Tropic of Cancer (1934 published in France) describeshis life and loves in Paris and because of its sexual frankness it was not published in the USA till 1961;Black Spring (1936) has ten autobiographical stories; Tropic of Capricorn (1939) is about his years with theWestern Union Telegraph Company; The Colossus of Maroussi (1941), considered by some critics to be hisbest work, is a travel book about people from his stay in Greece.In The Books in My Life (1969) Miller looks at 100 books that influenced him. His list includes children’sbooks written originally for adults (eg Alice in Wonderland, The Arabian Nights, Greek Myths and Legends,Robinson Crusoe, The Three Musketeers); many French novels and poetry (eg by Balzac, Hugo, Giono,Nerval, Proust, Rimbaud, Huysmans, Maeterlinck), German novels (by Mann, Hesse, Dreiser) and theChinese Lao Tse and Fenollosa’s The Chinese Written Character as a Medium for Poetry, besides workby American writers (Twain, Emerson, Thoreau, Whitman), Dostoievshy, Nietzsche, Joyce and writers onspiritual topics.Culture pointsAugust Strindberg (1849–1912): A Swedish playwright and a prolific writer of novels, short stories,satires, essays and poems, and a photographer, who tried various jobs before becoming assistant librarianat the Royal Library in Stockholm and established an experimental theatre. He is best known for his plays,including The Father (1887) and Miss Julie (1888), and for his vitality, vigour, and brilliant use of language.Miller c ites Strindberg’s autobiographies, The Confession of a Fool (vol.2), a passionate love story andaccount of problems in his marriage, and The Inferno (vol.3), a study of his religious conversion, delusionsand neuroses which reflect Strindberg’s periods of mental instability. Blaise Cendrars (1887–1961) is the pen name of Frédéric Sauser, a Swiss-born French novelist, shortstorywriter, poet, and film-maker, who led a life of constant travel (he was born in an Italian railway train)doing various jobs in Russia, Europe, North and South America and Asia – he is said to have shoveled coalon steam trains in China. He lost his right arm fighting for France in World War I. His prose includes vivid,witty, action-packed novels, like Moravagine (1926), which describe travel and adventure, or works directlyinspired by his own experience, like The Astonished Man (1945) and The Cut Hand (1946), and four volumesof memoirs. Miller admired his work and lists ‘virtually the complete works’ of Cendrars as influentialreading.Rémy de Gourmont (1858–1915): a French writer of 50 books: essays, novels and poetry, with a stronginterest in medieval Latin literature; as a critic he was admired by T. S. Eliot. He was a librarian at theNational Library in Paris; later, a painful skin disease kept him largely at home. He was influential in thesymbolist movement in literature. He claimed that a work of art exists only through the emotion it gives us.He asserted the need to get away from the unquestioning acceptance of commonplace ideas and associationsof ideas, and believed it was necessary for thought to proceed by imagery rather than by ideas.Julius Caesar (110 BC–44 BC): a Roman statesman, known as a great military strategist. As a general hewas famous for the conquest of Gaul (modern France and Belgium) which he added to the Roman Empire.He also made two expeditions to Britain, was governor of Spain and traveled in North Africa and Egypt. Hewas a good speaker and he wrote several books of commentaries and memoirs on Roman wars and militarycampaigns. Caesar’s writing is often studied today by those who learn Latin.The Julius Caesar of literature: this phrase compares Cendrars with Caesar: both were men of action,travelers, adventurers, explorers, who somehow found time to read a lot and write books.Language points1 The fact, however, that in the past I did most of my work without the aid of library I look upon asan advantage rather than a disadvantage. (Para 1)This is irony. Miller is writing about the importance of reading and about key books in his life, but thereis a paradox: Only recently has he been able to get all the books he has wanted all his life (ie he nowhas money, as a best-selling writer, to buy books) and, as a writer, he wrote books without the help of alibrary. He says that not having books was an advantage. The explanation is probably that Miller’s earlywriting was a mixture of autobiography and fiction, so he didn’t need to read other books or refer tothem to do his own writing. The irony is that he is saying this in a book about the books the influencedhim.2 A good book lives through the passionate recommendation of one reader to another. (Para 3)Miller thinks that a good part of the ‘life’ of a book is how one reader recommends it to anotherwith enthusiasm, ie books are about sharing experience, not just the author’s experience in the bookand the reader’s experience of reading it, but also the experience of word-of-mouth or face-to-facerecommendation by other readers.3 And the better the man the more easily will he part with his most cherished possessions. (Para 4)This continues Miller’s thought that books are for sharing. A good person will share things he or sheloves. In this case, such a person will give or lend favourite books and such generosity makes friends:When you give books you get friendship.4 If you are honest with yourself you will discover that your stature has increased from the mereeffort of resisting your impulse. (Para 6)Miller’s argument here is that you should not r ead everything, but that you should choose very carefullyand selectively. This means you should resist the temptation to read some things which are not reallygoing to add to your knowledge or enjoyment (not every book will do this, only some). Here, he saysthat in this way, we grow (we “increase our stature”). That is, we grow by not reading many books.The implication is that if we choose the very best books and read these few really carefully we will getthe best from them – and grow by such selection. Miller discusses 100 books which he things are suchbooks.5 All on the side, as it were. (Para 7)Cendrars was a man of action who spent most of his time on travels and adventures. Surprisingly (youwould think he did not have time), he read a lot in different languages and even wrote many books –this was in addition to his main activities.6 For, if he is anything, Cendrars, he is a man of action, an adventurer and explorer, a man who hasknown how to “waste” his time royally. (Para 7)Cendrars had a huge reputation as a man of action, travelling, having adventures and exploring differentcountries and yet he read a lot (he knew how to use the little time available to read). “Waste” is in quotesto show irony (reading isn’t a waste of time), that he read s in a royal manner (ie very thoroughly). Thesentence structure here is quite French with the repetition of “he”. Reading and understanding2 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 What does Miller consider to have been an advantage during his writing career?(a) To have been able to read all the books he wanted.(b) To have grown up in a room full of books.(c) To have written without the aid of a library.(d) The fact that he never wanted to own any books.2 What did three stars on a book mean in the public library in Miller’s youth?(a) Young people weren’t allowed to read them.(b) They were the most popular books in the library.(c) They were intended for children.(d) They were more exciting than one-star books.3 Why does Miller hope the star system still exists in public libraries?(a) It is an efficient system which works well.(b) It discourages people from reading inappropriate books.(c) It makes people interested in reading.(d) It makes it easier for people to recognize books.4 Why do peop le lend books, in Miller’s opinion?(a) Because they feel the need to share their feelings.(b) It’s the best way to make a friend.(c) It’s less risky than lending money.(d) Because it’s not possible to possess a book for ever.5 According to Miller, what should you do when you find a book you want to read?(a) Pick it up and start reading.(b) Ask a friend for advice about the book.(c) Think about whether you really need to read it.。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后翻译及课文翻译
Unit 11. If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan,the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. And this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.依我看，现实生活并没有人们想象的那么美好。
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Unit 1 依我看1 依我看，现实生活并没有人们想象的那么好。
我们上了12年的中、小学，又上了3年的大学，这期间老师们一直在没完没了地谈论在备受呵护的学生生活之外的那个广阔天地里的各种机会，可我遇到的又是什么呢？2 无论我怎么想保持心情愉快，可麻烦事总是接踵而来：有时是和人发生矛盾（尤其是跟男孩子，天哪！他们什么时候才能长大？），但通常是为钱发愁。
这个地方什么东西都很贵！人人都想从我身上赚点钱：税务局要收个人所得税，银行经理要我偿清学生贷款，房东催我交房租、燃气费、水费、电费，手机账单也不断地寄来。
所有这些还没算上吃饭的钱。
更可气的是，不知从哪里冒出一个自作聪明的家伙给我打电话，问我要不要买养老金。
照这样下去，我甚至都支撑不到年底，更别提活到60岁领养老金了。
3 我那时还不想出去工作。
我的意思是，我并不是个逃避现实社会的人，但我知道自己未来某一天可能不得不逃避现实。
许多人认为“生活不是野餐”，“没有免费的午餐”。
但既然我拿到了优等生文凭，我想我应该继续攻读硕士学位。
实际上，我已经看中了伦敦政治经济学院的课程。
这是一所顶尖的学校，能给我的履历表增添一段光彩的经历。
但当我跟妈妈谈起这件事时，她说她没法继续供我上学了。
我大概能理解她的心情，但并不仅仅是因为我学的是经济学。
15年来，为了能让我上学，她含辛茹苦。
这些年来，父亲大部分时间都不在家。
就算在家，他也没钱。
他把钱都拿去赌狗、喝酒了。
所以我听了妈妈的话，向命运低下了头。
4 依我看，不管人们说什么，幸运的是世上还有很多好心人。
迈克就是其中的一个。
大学毕业时，我想如果我回家，妈妈就会觉得她有责任照顾我。
所以，我就收拾行李去伦敦找工作。
我想找金融和投资方面的职位，因为你知道这样我就可以用上我的专业知识。
可是那时候已经没有这样的工作了，但我又不愿意做复印文件、端茶倒水之类的乏味的办公室工作。
5 在伦敦，无论走到什么地方，你都能找到一个好酒吧。
有一天，我意识到这个城市没有人会雇我，于是我走进位于利德贺街的索尔兹伯里酒吧去喝酒，顺便吃点东西。
店主迈克正在店里，他一只手倒酒，一只手做三明治，同时还洗酒杯。
他真的好像有三只手。
他好像也认识所有的客人，叫得出常客的名字。
他跟他们打招呼，帮他们调好酒，并问一句：“今天还喝这个，是吧？”我觉得他看起来蛮酷的，他在做着他最擅长的事情：为那些口渴的顾客服务，没人能比得上他。
所以我就走上前去问他要不要雇人。
6 好吧，长话短说，某个周五的午餐时间我开始在那个酒吧打工。
这份工作要求很高，但我喜欢。
顾客好像觉得我很有趣，这也让我感觉好一些。
有位穿西服的中年常客总要半杯苦啤酒和一份火腿泡菜三明治，面包皮要削掉。
他叫托尼。
我一看见他进来，尽量不等他开口就准备好他的午餐。
他也是一个好心人。
7 依我看，一个人没钱的时候花钱最容易。
我开始琢磨怎么花第一个月的薪水了。
我住的公寓房租很贵，我挣的钱刚够支付第一个月的大笔账单，但是我估计还能剩点钱好好犒劳一下自己。
我想，何不买张CD或买盆花草装点一下房间？8 发工资的那天正好是我的生日，除了迈克和托尼，我在伦敦就没有别的朋友了。
如果你知道我那时还没有男朋友，你就会理解我为什么觉得对不起自己了。
我给自己定了些鲜花，让卖花的人附上一张卡片，上面写道：“给你我所有的爱。
无名氏”。
我生日那天最精彩的瞬间将会是送花人送我花时大惑不解的眼神。
9 那周晚些时候，托尼像往常一样来了，在酒吧里坐下。
“你怎么了？今天怎么不见你笑啦？”我跟他聊天……嗯，差不多什么都跟他说了：钱、硕士学位、生日、命运。
他很同情我。
10 托尼离开搁脚凳、走过去和另外几个人说话。
别忘了：索尔兹伯里酒吧位于市中心，所以这里所有的顾客都从事银行、保险或证券工作。
第二天，他拿着价值两万英镑的几张支票来到酒吧，对我说：“这是给你的创业贷款，你唯一的贷款担保就是我对你的信任，相信有一天你赚了钱会把钱还给我们。
如果你还不了钱，那就太糟了，不过对你来说，也算是做过金融生意了。
但是，我相信你还得了。
”11 我没说话，我怕我自己要哭了。
世上怎么会有这么好的人？12 那些花怎么处理？我叫花店改送到妈妈那里去了，我生日那天鲜花正好送到。
她应该得到这些鲜花，不是吗？13 依我看，回顾这些年的经历，我发现人一辈子只需要一两次的机缘就能成功。
就算吃苦受累也不要紧，那还是值得的。
14 在索尔兹伯里酒吧干了一年之后，我去了伦敦政治经济学院深造。
拿到硕士学位之后，我在一家投资银行找到了一份工作。
我把那两万英镑投进了证券市场，在2008年金融崩盘之前卖掉了所有的股票。
我把托尼和其他投资者的钱还了，付给他们10%的年息，并成立了自己的公司。
公司的生意好得出乎意料，至今还红红火火。
15 托尼给我写了一封感谢信。
他出了车祸，现在不能走路了。
我还给他的钱正好可以用来改造房子。
房子改造后他就可以坐着轮椅在家里自由活动了。
下面是他信里写的话：16 “我从事银行业35年来最好的投资就是给你的这笔贷款，你连本带利地偿还了贷款，我对你的信任和你的诚实都获得了百倍的回报。
依我看，在人身上投资能带来你所期望的最好的回报。
”17 依我看，他说得对。
你说呢？Unit 2 它们是活生生的，而且它们在跟我说话1 我坐在一间小屋子里，屋子的一面墙边排满了书。
这是我头一次有闲功夫和一堆书这样的东西打交道。
所有的书加起来最多不超过500本，但大多数是我自己挑的。
自打我开始写作生涯以来，我第一次得到我一直渴望拥有的这么多书。
事实上，我过去的大多数工作都不依靠图书馆，我把这看成是优势，而不是劣势。
2 我想到的与读书相关的头一件事就是夺书大战。
请注意，不是拥有它们，而是要把它们搞到手。
从我对书着迷开始，我就面对着重重困难。
公共图书馆里我要借的书总是被借出去了，当然，我又没钱买书。
我那时只有十八九岁，要想得到社区图书馆的批准借阅类似斯特林堡写的《痴人的忏悔》这样“不道德”的书是不可能的。
在那个年代，年轻人禁读的书都根据其违背道德的程度被标记了星星——一颗星、两颗星、三颗星。
我猜想，这种做法至今依然存在。
我也希望如此，因为我知道，没有任何别的方法比这种愚蠢的分类和禁止更能吊起读者的胃口。
3 我经常思考一个问题，那就是是什么让一本书有了生命力？我觉得答案很简单：一本书之所以有生命力，是因为读者满怀激情地推荐它。
这是人的基本冲动，什么都阻挡不了。
不管愤世嫉俗者和遁世者持何种观点，我相信人们总是会尽力分享自己感触最深的经验。
4 书是人类最为珍爱的几样东西之一。
人越好，就越愿意与他人分享自己的珍藏。
搁置在书架上、无人翻阅的书就像是废弃的弹药。
书和钱一样要流通起来，要最大限度地流通起来！尤其是书，因为书所代表的东西比钱要多得多。
书不仅是朋友，它还可以帮你结交朋友。
当你在精神上、心灵上拥有一本书的时候，你的人生就变得丰富多彩。
而当你把书转给别人的时候，你的人生就更加丰富。
5 说到这里，有一种抑制不住的冲动让我向大家提出一条无端的忠告。
那就是：读书尽量少而精，而不是越多越好！唉，不要怀疑我嫉妒那些在书堆里埋头读书的人。
我私下里也确实想尽力读完所有一直想读的书。
但是，我知道这并不重要，我现在知道我读过的书中只有不到十分之一是我需要读的。
人生中最难办到的事情莫过于学会只做对自己有益的事情，这是至关重要的。
6 我是经过慎重考虑才提出这条宝贵的忠告的，有一个高招可以检验它是否有效。
当你碰到一本你想读或觉得该读的书的时候，先把书搁下，放几天再说。
但你要多琢磨这本书，仔细琢磨书名和作者的名字。
想想如果让你来写这本书，你会写些什么。
认真地问问自己是否有必要把这本书纳入自己的知识库或娱乐储备。
尽力想象一下，放弃这份额外的乐趣或启迪对你将意味着什么。
之后，如果你觉得你必须读这本书，那么观察一下你在“啃”这本书的时候是否表现出非凡的洞察力。
同时你也观察一下：即使这本书很诱人，它也许并没有给你带来什么新的东西。
只要坦诚对己，你就会发现：只要抑制住自己的冲动，你的境界就提高了。
7 不容置疑的是，大多数书都互相重复。
在文体或内容上让人感到具有独创性的书实在是少之又少。
在整个文学库藏中，只有极少数作品——或许不到50本——是独具一格的。
在最近出版的一部自传体小说中，布莱斯·桑德拉尔指出，古尔蒙之所以能够选择并通读文学领域中一切值得读的书籍，就是因为他知识渊博，并且了解书的这种重复性。
桑德拉尔本人就是一个博览群书的人，没有人会怀疑这一点。
他阅读了大部分作家的原作。
不仅如此，一旦他喜欢上一个作家，他就会阅读这个作家写的每一本书，包括他的书信以及所有有关他的书籍。
我猜想，在当今世界上，几乎没有人能像他一样，不仅读得广、读得精，而且还著述颇丰。
可以说这一切都是在业余时间完成的。
因为桑德拉尔是一个十足的行动家，一个四处跋涉的冒险家和探险家，一个懂得如何“肆意浪费”时间的人。
从某种意义上说，他是文学界的凯撒大帝。
Unit 3 生态珠宝：海洋玻璃虽然海洋玻璃正在逐渐消失，珠宝设计师吉娜·考恩仍在搜寻这种难觅的珍宝。
1 珠宝设计师吉娜·考恩说，在海滩上搜寻海洋玻璃时，她看起来像人形蟹：她低头弯腰，在起伏的白色浪花中慢慢移动着，完全忘记了时间的流逝。
在位于牛津的工作室里，她边吃午饭边告诉我：“我每次都希望能找到比上次更好的海洋玻璃。
几小时后，我会抬起头来，却发现偌大的海滩已经空无一人，而我的肩膀也已经被晒伤了。
”2 见过被海水打磨过的玻璃的人都明白，这种玻璃在海里呆上一段时间之后就能奇迹般地由一块普通玻璃变成一颗耀眼的珍宝。
把它们拿在手里，你会发现它们每一块都折射出不同的光泽，散发出独特的光彩。
3 没有什么硬性的规定说明玻璃碎块要在海水中沉浸多长时间才能被正式地称为海洋玻璃，但可以肯定的是，年代越久远，玻璃就越光滑、越奇特。
50岁的考恩解释说：“完美的海洋玻璃没有棱角。
它们的棱角经海水多年的拍打已经磨平了，它们也从大块玻璃变成了小巧精美的宝石。
玻璃的颜色也能告诉你它们的年龄，如果你发现红色或琥珀色的海洋玻璃，你找到的可能就是几百年前的玻璃——我们已经不再生产这种玻璃了。
”4 要制造玻璃珠宝，考恩得先把她找到的海洋玻璃放在磨石滚筒里抛光，除掉玻璃表面的霜花。
她把其中一些抛光的玻璃镶在银器上，其他的当挂件配上一串珠链，或用金刚钻打眼后用细丝串在一起。
5 90年代末，她设计的产品在伦敦的利博提百货店出售。
如今，你可能能在美术馆里见到她的作品，但是她主要做订单产品，设计的产品从踝环到订婚戒指无所不有。
6 在立志成为珠宝商之前，考恩二三十岁时一直从事新闻报道及音乐管理工作。
在祖国南非开普敦的砂砾海滩散步时，她偶然发现了几颗海洋玻璃，并注意到它们经过海水的塑造呈现出各种不同的形状。
她从此开始收集海洋玻璃，把它们存放在一个大玻璃柜里，放在工作室最显眼的位置。